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Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Uraeotyphlidae) of the Malabaricus Group

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Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Uraeotyphlidae) of the Malabaricus Group Herpetologica, 64(2), 2008, 235–245 E 2008 by The Herpetologists’ League, Inc. A NEW SPECIES OF URAEOTYPHLUS (AMPHIBIA: GYMNOPHIONA: URAEOTYPHLIDAE) OF THE MALABARICUS GROUP 1,4 2 3 1 DAVID J. GOWER ,ALBERT RAJENDRAN ,RONALD A. NUSSBAUM , AND MARK WILKINSON 1Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK 2Research Department of Zoology, St John’s College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu 627002, India 3Museum of Zoology and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109–1079, USA ABSTRACT: A new species of Uraeotyphlus (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Uraeotyphlidae) of the malabaricus group is described from a type series of 21 specimens from the Western Ghats of southernmost Tamil Nadu, peninsular India. Three additional specimens are referred to the species. The new species differs from other species of the malabaricus group in its combination of total number of annuli, length of the tail (as measured by number of post-anal annuli), and numbers of teeth. By virtue of its sample size and precise locality data, the new species represents the best-known member of the recently described but poorly-known malabaricus- group of Uraeotyphlus. The malabaricus group likely includes additional unrecognized species, but increased sample sizes and better locality data are required to assist the interpretation of available material. Key words: Caecilians; Herpetology; India; Systematics; Western Ghats THE CAECILIAN amphibian (Gymnophiona) species are not congruent with trunk myo- genus Uraeotyphlus Peters, 1879 is endemic meres, and there is no external differentiation to the Western Ghats region of peninsular between primary and other annuli, at least in India (e.g., Gower and Wilkinson, 2007; Pillai metamorphosed individuals. Each of the two and Ravichandran, 1999; Wilkinson and malabaricus-group species is currently known Nussbaum, 2006). Its suprageneric classifica- with certainty from only a single specimen tion has varied (Duellman and Trueb, 1986; (see Discussion). Here we describe a new Frost et al., 2006; Lescure et al., 1986; malabaricus-group Uraeotyphlus species on Nussbaum, 1979; Taylor, 1968). Here we the basis of 21 specimens from the southern follow Wilkinson and Nussbaum (2006) in end of the Western Ghats region of peninsular recognising a monogeneric Uraeotyphlidae India. This new material lends further support and in using the rankless Diatriata for the to the partition of Uraeotyphlus, and substan- clade (5 Ichthyophiidae of Frost et al., 2006) tially improves knowledge of the malabaricus comprising the Uraeotyphlidae + Ichthyophii- group. dae sensu stricto. Gower and Wilkinson (2007) recently partitioned the six nominate SPECIES DESCRIPTION species into two groups, the malabaricus- Uraeotyphlus gansi sp. nov. group species with U. malabaricus (Beddome, (Figs. 1–4, Tables 1, 2) 1870) and U. oommeni Gower and Wilkinson, 2007, and the oxyurus-group species with U. Uraeotyphlus malabaricus (Beddome, 1870) interruptus Pillai and Ravichandran, 1999, U. in part; Boulenger (1882:92) menoni Annandale, 1913, U. narayani Sesha- Uraeotyphlus malabaricus (Beddome, 1870) char, 1939, and U. oxyurus (Dume´ril and in part; Taylor (1968:697–700) Bibron, 1841). The principal distinguishing Uraeotyphlus malabaricus (Beddome, 1870) feature of these species groups is their in part; Pillai and Ravichandran (1999:64– annulation. Whereas oxyurus-group species 66, fig. 31, map VIII) have primary annuli that are congruent with Uraeotyphlus oxyurus (Dume´ril and Bibron, trunk myomeres and secondary annuli that are 1841) in part; Pillai and Ravichandran distinguishable from primary annuli, at least (1999:74–77, map IX) anteriorly, the annuli of malabaricus-group Holotype.—Bombay Natural History Socie- ty, Mumbai, India (BNHS) 4615, adult male, 4 CORRESPONDENCE: e-mail, [email protected] collected at the end of Nalumukku tea estate 235 236 HERPETOLOGICA [ TABLE 1.—Some meristic and morphometric data for the holotype (*), paratypes, and three referred specimens ({)ofUraeotyphlus gansi nov. sp. Tail annuli 5 number of annuli between posterior of vent and tip of tail, including terminal cap; vent annuli 5 number of annuli interrupted by vent; ant. 5 anterior; C 5 circumference; DB 5 distance between…; D 5 along dorsal surface; f 5 female; Grvs 5 grooves; L 5 laterally; m 5 male; ST 5 snout tip; TL 5 total length; L 5 length; JA 5 jaw angle; O 5 occiput (first collar groove); V 5 ventrally; W 5 width; { 5 4 teeth on left, 0 on right. Fresh TL measured with a piece of thread and a ruler; preserved TL with a ruler. Other measurements made with a pair of callipers. Values in parentheses from Pillai and Ravichandran (1999), values in square brackets from Taylor (1968). * BNHS BNHS BNHS BNHS BNHS BNHS BNHS BNHS BNHS UMMZ UMMZ BNHS BNHS BNHS BNHS BNHS BNHS BNHS BNHS BNHS BNHS { ZSIM { ZSIM { BMNH Specimen 4615 4616 4617 4618 4619 4620 4621 4622 4623 238,312 238,313 4624 4625 4626 4627 4628 4629 4630 4631 4632 4633 VAG 13 VAG 16 82.12.12.14 Sex mmmmmmmmmmfffffffffff f Vertebrae 108 107 103 Annuli 248 267 245 229 263 258 275 274 256 249 260 268 270 240 238 259 244 254 246 252 251 250 240 245 (247) (243) [246] Annuli (D) 253 242 261 251 Annuli (V) 244 224 256 264 243 Annuli (L) 244 Grvs on collar 2 311321123322342421431201 V complete annular grvs ant. to vent 49 27 21 16 37 45 33 29 41 13 8 37 35 17 49 24 24 41 33 57 22 16 23 41 Tail annuli 21222.52222111211.52321.531113 Vent annuli 5 5.5 4.5 5 4.5 4.5 5 5 5 5.5 5.5 5 5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 5 5 4.5 5.5 TL (fresh) 192 216 177 168 238 212 TL (preserved) 218 179 193 207 165 163 197 283 250 213 201 232 191 191 218 212 186 187 180 174 185 246 178 230 [231] Tail L 3.4 2.2 2.6 2.5 2 2.3 2.3 2.3 3 2.3 2.2 2.9 2.5 2.6 3.2 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.5 2 2.4 2.6 2.3 [2.35] Head L to JA 6.5 5 5.2 6.1 4.8 4.5 6.2 8.1 7.1 6.6 6 6.8 5.2 5.3 6.1 5.5 5.3 5.4 5.2 5.2 5.4 6.6 4.7 Mandible L to JA 5.6 4.3 4.5 5 3.6 3.7 5.1 6.9 5.8 5.6 5.1 5.7 4.1 3.7 4.9 4.8 4.3 4.4 4.1 4 4.6 5.8 3.3 Head L to O 8.6 7.4 7.7 8.7 6.6 6.6 7.7 10.6 9.3 8.5 7.8 9.3 7.5 7.2 8.9 8.3 7.2 7.6 7.3 7.2 7.5 9.2 6.7 Collars L 5 4.5 5.1 5.8 4.5 4 6.5 7.8 6.1 5 4.5 6.2 5.1 5.2 6.2 6.1 4.8 4.7 4.2 5.1 4.1 5.8 3.8 Head W at JA 6.1 4.4 4.9 5.3 3.9 4.2 5.3 6.6 5.9 5 4.8 5.5 4.7 4.3 5.4 5.4 4.7 4.7 4.3 4.1 4.4 5.7 3.6 Head W at O 6.9 5.3 5.9 5.9 4.6 4.8 6.2 7.1 7.3 5.4 5.5 6.5 5.7 5.3 6.4 6.7 5.6 5.5 5 4.9 5.3 6.44 Snout projection 1.6 1.2 1.5 1.3 1 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 0.9 DB ST-midline between eyes 4 3.1 3.7 4.2 3.2 2.8 3.6 4.7 4 3.6 3.8 3.9 3.2 3.1 3.9 3.8 3.1 3.4 3.2 3 3.5 DB eye-ST 4.9 3.6 4.1 4.3 3.5 3.2 4.2 5.2 4.8 4.4 3.7 3.4 4.4 4.3 3.7 3.9 3.7 3.4 3.9 4.3 3 DB nares 2 1.5 1.6 2 1.5 1.5 1.9 2.6 1.9 1.8 1.8 2 1.6 1.6 1.9 1.9 1.5 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.9 1.4 DB eyes 3.7 3.1 2.9 3.3 2.6 2.5 3.3 4.2 3.6 3.3 3 3.3 3 2.8 3.4 3.3 2.9 3 2.8 2.7 2.8 3.6 2.6 DB eye-naris 3.2 2.6 2.8 3.1 2.3 2.2 2.8 3.6 3.1 2.9 2.4 2.9 2.5 2.1 3 2.9 2.3 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.8 3.3 2.3 DB eye-mouth 1 0.8 1 1 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.3 0.9 0.9 1 0.9 0.7 0.7 1 1 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.5 0.9 0.8 0.7 DB eye-tentacle 3.5 2.7 3.1 3.2 2.3 2.4 3.2 4 3.3 3.2 3 3.2 2.9 2.5 3.2 3.1 2.6 2.8 2.6 2.5 3 3.6 2.5 Vol.
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