Pseudosuccinea Columella (Say, 1817) From

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n First record of Pseudosuccinea columella (Say, 1817) from

istributio Lymnaeidae) D Salta province, northwest Argentina (Mollusca: Gastropoda: 1* 1 1 1 2

raphic , Lorena Ailán Choke , Federico Soria Issa , Julieta Pujadas and Lucila g Prepelitchi 2 eo

G Dora Davies , Lucía Nieva n o

otes 1 Universidad Nacional de Salta, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Avda. Bolivia 5150, 4400, Salta, Argentina.

N 2 Universidad de Buenos Aires, [email protected] de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto IEGEBA (CONICET-UBA), Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EGA, CABA, Argentina. * Corresponding author. E-mail: Abstract: Pseudosuccinea columella (Say, 1817) is a widely distributed freshwater snail of medical and veterinary interest Fasciola hepatica (Linnaeus, 1758). It is an invasive species in the Neotropical region and in Argentina is known from the central and the northeast regions. Pseudosuccinea columella is reported for because it is the first intermediate host of P. columella continues to increase its geographic distribution in the Neotropical region. Although P. columella is naturally theinfected first withtime F.from hepatica Salta in province, northeast northwest Argentina, Argentina. snails from This the newnew record,location the in Salta westernmost province werein Argentina, not found suggests to be infected. that

DOI: 10.15560/10.3.597

Pseudosuccinea columella (Say, 1817) is a widely has spread into every South American country (Paraense distributed freshwater lymnaeid snail (Madsen and P. columella Frandsen 1989). Its role in the transmission of Fasciola was restricted to the northeastern provinces of Misiones hepatica (Linnaeus, 1758), the causative agent of 1982)(Castellanos except and Chile Landoni and Bolivia. 1981), InCorrientes Argentina, (Prepelitchi et fasciolosis, has been demonstrated in several countries of al. South America (Prepelitchi et al. 2003; Coelho et al. 2003) and Oceania (Boray et al. 1984). Pseudosuccinea columella 2003) and Entreet Ríosal. (Paraense 1982), and the centralet al. 2011)provinces (Figure of Buenos1). Its role Aires in the (Martín transmission and Ovando of F. hepatica 2013), Santa Fe (Rumi 2008) and Córdoba (Zarco was first described in the US (Say 1817), from where it

Figure 1. Pseudosuccinea columella in South American countries (in yellow) and in Argentinean provinces (in green),

Geographical distribution of including the new record in Salta province (in red). Satellite image shows the location of collection site within Salta province, Argentina. Source: Google Earth. 597 Davies et al. | First record of Pseudosuccinea columella from Salta, Argentina

et al. thirds of the total shell length, and a periostracum with was only confirmed in CorrientesP. columella province in Salta (Prepelitchi province, incisedlarge and spiral expanded lines thatbody cut whorl the occupyinggrowth striations more than (Figure two- northwest 2003). TheArgentina. objective of this work is to report for the first time the presence of made for P. columella by Castellanos and Landoni (1981) and3). TheseParaense characteristics (1983). are identical to the description Snail sampling was carried out at Tres Palmeras, Arias- Shell lengths of P. columella specimens (N=98) ranged Arenales River (24°47′41.03″ S, 65°28′04.18″ W) in the between 3.25 and 13.90 atupper the basincentre of of Juramento Salta province River and(Figure is characterized 1) at 1100 m bya.s.l. a 2.29). Shell measurements and proportions obtained (above sea level). This area is located in the Lerma Valley mm (mean: 8.63 mm ± SD: andserrano-subtropical annual precipitation climate ranges with between a dry season 500 and (Bianchi 700 from the largest specimens are as follows: L= 8.66–13.90 mm.and Yáñez 1981). Mean annual air temperature is 15.7°C (11.04±1.55), W= 3.96–6.95 (5.63±0.79), LWL= 6.49– 11.55 (8.82±1.79), AL= 4.74–9.19 (6.87±1.43), AW= 2.88– of a 5 m high wall, which forms a pool and a cascade 6.41 (4.69±1.97), LWL/L= 0.62–0.93 (0.79±0.09), W/L= (FigureThe study2). Specimens site was recently were collected modified at bytwo the separate construction times small0.39–0.66 teeth, (0.51±0.07) and lateral and and AL/L=0.49–0.73 marginal teeth (0.62±0.07). as described in April and May, 2013. Small gastropods were collected by CastellanosThe radula and was Landoni rectangular, (1981) with and aParaense central (1983). row of from plants and rocks by hand for 30 minutes, and kept alive in plastic containers with wet cotton layers. In the like in shape, and indistinguishable from the vas deferens. laboratory, snails were maintained in dechlorinated water The prostate was small and tubular, thread-like or ribbon- for a week while assessing the emergence of cercariae on a withThe penis the sheathcharacteristics length to preputiumdescribed lengthfor animals ratio was from 1:3 Argentinato 1:6. The (Castellanos anatomy of theand reproductiveLandoni 1981) system and concurs Brazil daily basis. Snails were relaxed, euthanized and preserved (Paraense 1983). featuresin Railliet-Henry of the shell solution and accordinginternal organs, to Paraense including (1983). the None of the observed specimens was parasitized by radulaTaxonomic and genital determination system (Paraense was carried 1982). out by examining Fasciola hepatica or other digeneans. Fasciolosis is a sanitary problem in human populations margin using a 0–150 mm digital caliper. Shell length et al. Snails were measured from the apex to the anterior 1999). In Argentina, human fasciolosis is underestimated in Andean countries of South Americaet al. (Mas-Coma (L) and width (W), last whorl length (LWL) and aperture at a veterinary level, fasciolosis constitutes the fourth more length and width (AL and AW) were measured on the importantdue to a lack parasitosis of medical recordsfor livestock (Rubel production 2005). However,all over largest 25 specimens. The relative proportions LWL/L, the country (Olaechea 2007). Fasciolosis transmission larvalW/L, and stages. AL/L were calculated, and all measurements are shows a patchy distribution directly associated with local expressed in mm. Gonads were examined for pre-cercariae et al. I collection at the Natural Sciences Faculty, Salta National Voucher specimens were deposited in the Invertebrates ofdispersion P. columella of intermediate in Salta province snail could hosts contribute (Mas-Coma to the de Invertebrados del Museo Argentino de Ciencias spread1999). Therefore,of fasciolosis, the given discovery that ofthis this site new is populationfrequently University (UNSa-FCN-I # 0551-552) and in the Colección visited by cows, goats and sheep that could potentially F. hepatica. In adittion, the NaturalesA total “Bernardino of 98 specimens Rivadavia” of Pseudosuccinea Buenos Aires (MACN-Incolumella poor sanitary conditions, especially the discharge of were# 39.454). collected and found to share their habitat with a sewagerepresent from definitive nearby hosts townships, of further complicate the population of Physa sp. Pseudosuccinea columella shells situation. In Argentina P. columella was previously recorded at are oval in shape, had a short spire with a pointed apex, a etaltitudes al. ranging from 21 m a.s.l. in Entre Ríos province widens(Paraense the 1982) altitudinal to 500 distribution m a.s.l. in Córdoba range provincein Argentina (Zarco to 1100 2011). m a.s.l. The It newhas beenpopulation demonstrated detected thatin Salta P. columella province can survive and even transmit F. hepatica at 4500 m a.s.l. (Londoñe et al. 2009), because snails with a prevalence

P. columella to Bolivia, favored by naturalof 36% migrations of parasite or infection anthropogenic were found factors, in Cusco,is increased Peru. byThe the risk presence of expansion of snail of populations in Argentina and Peru. Pseudosuccinea columella in Salta province, being the westernmost and highest location (1100This is mthe a.s.l.) first forreport this of species in Argentina. Although we found no evidence of snail infection by F. hepatica in our samples, further studies are needed to evaluate the role Figure 2. Collection site of Pseudosuccinea columella of P. columella as intermediate host of F. hepatica in the in Tres Palmeras, area. Salta province, Argentina (24°47′41.03″ S, 65°28′04.18″ W). Photo by Daniel Paredes. 598 Davies et al. | First record of Pseudosuccinea columella from Salta, Argentina

Pseudosuccinea columella Libro Martínde Resúmenes, P.R. and X.M.C. Primer Ovando. Congreso 2013. Argentino Presencia de Malacología. de La Plata, (Say, 1817) en el sudoeste bonaerense; p. 122, in:

Argentina: Asociación Argentina de Malacología (ASAM) (http:// www.malacoargentina.com.ar/images/stories/ICAM/Libro_Fasciola hepatica Resumenes_1_CAM_2013.pdf). Olaechea,(eds.). F. Enfermedades V. 2007. parasitarias. Trematodesde los ovinos y Cestodes;y otros rumiantes pp. 159– roedores168, in: V.Hen el Suárez, cono sur F.V de Olaechea,América. C.E Rossanigo and J. R. Romero

Bariloche: Ediciones INTA (http:// inta.gob.ar/documentos/enfermedades-parasitarias-de-los-ovinos-Lymnaea viatrix and Lymnaea columella in y-otros-rumiantes-roedores-en-el-cono-sur-de-america/). Memorias Paraense,Instituto W.L. Oswaldo 1982. Cruz the Neotropical region: a distributional outline. Figure 3. Pseudosuccinea columella Lymnaea 77(2): columella 181–188 in northern (doi: Brazil. 10.1590/S0074- Memorias Instituto02761982000200008). Oswaldo Cruz Dorsal view of from Tres Palmeras, Paraense, W.L. 1983. Salta province, Argentina. Scale bar: 5 mm. Photo by Lucila Prepelitchi. 78(4): 477–482 (doi: 10.1590/S0074- Acknowledgments: 02761983000400011). Lymnaea Prepelitchi,columella L., F. Kleiman, S.M. Pietrokovsky, R.A. Moriena, O. Racioppi, This study was supported by grant #1850 of the withJ. Alvarez Fasciola and hepatica C. Wisnivesky-Colli. 2003. First report of National University of Salta Research Council and by grant #PICT 00031 Argentina. Say,Memorias 1817 (Pulmonata:Instituto Oswaldo Lymnaeidae) Cruz naturally infected Literatureof the Agencia Cited Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCYT). (Linnaeus, 1758) (Trematoda: Digenea) in Las Precipitaciones en el Noroeste 98(7): 889–891 (doi: Argentino 10.1590/S0074-02762003000700005). Bianchi, A. and C.E. Yáñez. 1992. Rubel,Medicina D., L. Prepelitchi, (Buenos Aires) F. Kleiman, S. Carnevale and C. Wisnivesky-Colli. . Salta: Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, 2005. Estudio del foco en un caso de fasciolosis humana en Neuquén. ofEstación the snail Experimental Lymnaea columella Agropecuaria Salta. 384 pp. 65(3): 207–212 (http://www.scielo.org.ar/ Boray,and J.C., studies G.C. Fraser, on itsJ.D. susceptibilityWilliams, and J.M.to FasciolaWilson. 1984.hepatica The. occurrenceAustralian scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0025-76802005000300004&ln Veterinary Journal on grazing areas in New South Wales g=es&nrm=iso>). Rumi,Revista A., D.E. de Biología Gutiérrez Tropical Gregoric, V. Núñez and G.A. Darrigran. 2008. 62(1): 4–6 (doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1985. Malacología Latinoamericana. Moluscos de agua dulce de Argentina. tb06030.x). 56(1):77–111 (http://www.redalyc.org/ Castellanos,Fauna de Z.A.Agua de Dulce and de N.A. la República Landoni. Argentina 1981. La 15(5). familia Lymnaeidae andarticulo.oa?id=44918831006). land shells, not noticed in the systems. Journal of the Academy Rafinesque, 1815 en la Argentina; pp. 55–82, in: Ringuelet, R.A.Lymnaea (ed.). Say, of T. Natural 1817. Descriptions Sciences Philadelphia of seven species of American fresh water columella and its natural infection by Fasciola hepatica in the State Coelho, L.H.L. and W.S. Lima.Journal 2003. of Population Helminthology dynamics of 1(2):13–16 (https://archive.org/ stream/cbarchive_47733_descriptionsofsevenspeciesofam1817/ of Minas Gerais, Brazil. 77(1): 7–10 (doi: Lymnaeidae,descriptionsofsevenspeciesofam1817_djvu.txt). Pseudosuccinea columella Presence10.1079/JOH2002138). of Lymnaeidae snails with larvae of F. hepatica in altitudes Zarco, A., M.C. Fantozzi and P.F. Cuervo.Check 2011. List Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Londoñeover B.,4000 P., A.m Chávezabove sea V., O.level Li E.,in F.the Suárez southern A. and highlands D. Pezo C.of 2009.Perú. (Say, 1817): first record in Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias de Perú Córdoba province, central Argentina. 7(4): 391–393 (http:// www.checklist.org.br/getpdf?NGD120-10). 20(1): 58–65 (http:// www.scielo.org.pe/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1609- 91172009000100010&lng=es&nrm=iso). Bulletin Mas-Coma,of World M.S., Health J.E. Organization Esteban and M.D. Bargues. 1999. Epidemiolgy of human fascioliasis: a review and proposed new classification. 77(4): 340–346 (http://cdrwww.who. thoseint/bulletin/archives/77(4)340.pdf). of medical and veterinary importance. Acta Tropica Received: January 2014 Madsen, H. and F. Frandsen. The spread of freshwater snails including Accepted: April 2014 46(3): Published online: July 2014 139–146 (doi: 10.1016/0001-706X(89)90030-2). Editorial responsibility: Robert Forsyth

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