Green Growth in Cebu, Philippines Green in Growth Cebu, Philippines

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Green Growth in Cebu, Philippines Green in Growth Cebu, Philippines OECD Green Growth Studies OECD Green Growth Studies Green Growth in Cebu, Philippines Green Growth in Green Cebu, Philippines Cebu, OECD Green Growth Studies Green Growth in Cebu, Philippines This work is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of OECD member countries. This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. Please cite this publication as: OECD (2017), Green Growth in Cebu, Philippines, OECD Green Growth Studies, OECD Publishing, Paris. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264277991-en ISBN 978-92-64-27798-4 (print) ISBN 978-92-64-27799-1 (PDF) Series: OECD Green Growth Studies ISSN 2222-9515 (print) ISSN 2222-9523 (online) The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use of such data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank under the terms of international law. Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found on line at: www.oecd.org/about/publishing/corrigenda.htm. © OECD 2017 You can copy, download or print OECD content for your own use, and you can include excerpts from OECD publications, databases and multimedia products in your own documents, presentations, blogs, websites and teaching materials, provided that suitable acknowledgement of OECD as source and copyright owner is given. All requests for public or commercial use and translation rights should be submitted to [email protected]. Requests for permission to photocopy portions of this material for public or commercial use shall be addressed directly to the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) at [email protected] or the Centre français d’exploitation du droit de copie (CFC) at [email protected]. FOREWORD – 3 Foreword This publication is the result of a study on urban green growth in Cebu, Philippines. It analyses the economic and environmental performance of Cebu, assesses the policies and governance practices that can promote green growth, and provides recommendations to enhance Cebu’s green growth potential. Metro Cebu, the second most populated urban area of the Philippines, has been growing faster than any other city in the country. However, despite this economic growth, Metro Cebu still faces many challenges that hinder its green growth. Changing land-use patterns and a growing population have severely strained local infrastructure and the provision of basic urban services, especially water supply, which will be tackled with a special focus in this report. Metro Cebu also faces several natural disasters risks, like floods and earthquakes. Still, the implementation of appropriate policy frameworks is impaired by a lack of both vertical and horizontal co-operation in the metropolitan governance. All these challenges will need to be addressed to build a more sustainable, resilient and greener city. This is the fourth case study in the OECD Urban Green Growth in Dynamic Asia project, which explores how policies and governance practices can promote green growth and competitiveness in Asian fast-growing cities. It contributes both to the OECD Green Growth Strategy and to the OECD Strategy on Development, as well as to ongoing discussions on the role of cities in tackling the urgent challenges of climate change. Five case studies have been carried out so far: Bangkok (Thailand), Hai Phong (Viet Nam), Bandung (Indonesia), Iskandar Malaysia (Malaysia) and Cebu (Philippines). The results of the case studies were published in 2016 in a synthesis report entitled Urban Green Growth in Dynamic Asia. The analysis is based on a “focused comparison” strategy of case study research. This entailed asking the same questions in the different city case studies in order to discern similarities and draw general lessons. Although the analysis focuses on Asian cities, the lessons for promoting green growth will also be relevant for other OECD member countries and cities. The publication benefited from guidance by the OECD Regional Development Policy Committee and its Working Party on Urban Policy, as well as the support of the local team. It draws on data provided by the local team and the OECD Metropolitan Database. The analytical approach draws on Urban Green Growth in Dynamic Asia: A Conceptual Framework (2014). The expertise and experience of OECD member countries provided relevant international benchmarks and policy examples. As part of the OECD Green Growth Studies series, further case studies will be carried out in a variety of cities, chosen on the basis of criteria such as population size, speed of growth, economic structure, and the centrality of the city in the national and regional economy. GREEN GROWTH IN CEBU, PHILIPPINES © OECD 2017 4 – ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Acknowledgements The OECD Secretariat would like to thank Governor, Province of Cebu, Hilario P. Davide III (Chair, the Metro Cebu Development and Coordinating Board (MCDCB); Mayor Michael L. Rama (Co-Chair, MCDCB; Mayor, City of Cebu); Mr. Efren B. Carreon (Vice Chair, MCDCB; Regional Director, National Economic Development Authority Region VII); Mr. Gordon Alan P. Joseph (Chair, MCDCB Research Program and Organization Development (RPOD) Executive Committee, President, Cebu Business Club); and Ms. Dominica B. Chua (Vice Chair, MCDCB RPOD Executive Committee; COO, Ramon Aboitiz Foundation, Inc. (RAFI), under whose leadership and support the study was made possible in Cebu. Our thanks also go to the local team that provided support throughout the study, including the preparation of the background report and organisation of the OECD study missions to Cebu, Atty: Mark Tolentino and Jennifer Maniwang (Province of Cebu), Evelyn Nacario Castro and Jackie Amazona Clavin (MCDCB RPOD/ RAFI – Eduardo Aboitiz Development Studies Center (EADSC), the Department of Environment and Natural Resources Region 7 Office Atty. Rose-Liza Eisma-Osorio (University of Cebu) provided professional support on local data collection and policy assessment. We also thank the members of the Philippines' central government who participated in the OECD study missions and provided valuable comments on the report. In addition, members of the MCDCB RPOD Program Management Office and RAFI EADSC staff provided valuable comments. The OECD Secretariat would also like to gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Province of Cebu, the government of Japan and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH within the framework of Germany’s Global Initiative on Disaster Risk Management (GIDRM). Stephan Huppertz and his team also provided valuable inputs on the report. This project was undertaken by the Regional Development Policy Division within the OECD’s Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Local Development and Tourism, led by Lamia Kamal-Chaoui (Director). This publication was prepared by Tadashi Matsumoto (Project Manager, Urban Green Growth/Knowledge Sharing, Regional Development Policy Division), Loïc Daudey, Martin Abbott, and Kwame Boye Frimpong (Consultants), directed by Joaquim Oliveira Martins (Special Advisor to the Director). It benefited from valuable comments and input from numerous colleagues: Karen Maguire, Aziza Akhmouch, Oriana Romano, Christophe Etienne and Juliana Chia. The case study’s two international peer reviewers from Spain and Canada, Ton Padullés (Metropolitan Area of Barcelona) and Heather McNell (Metro Vancouver) joined the OECD study mission to Cebu (8-12 December 2015) and provided valuable reports. Richard Carlos Worden (international environmental consultant) participated in the mission and provided valuable insights and comments on urban resilience and disaster risk management. GREEN GROWTH IN CEBU, PHILIPPINES © OECD 2017 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS – 5 The publication also benefited from valuable input from the Knowledge-Sharing Platform on Urban Green Growth in Dynamic Asia and the participants of the Cebu Knowledge Sharing Workshop on Urban Green Growth in Dynamic Asia (9-10 December 2015). These include the MCDCB, City of Cebu, other local government units (LGUs) in the MCDCB, departments and agencies, international organisations and experts, subnational networks and other Asian and OECD cities. The workshop was supported by the OECD Knowledge-Sharing Alliance, in partnership with the German Federal Ministry for Economic Development and Cooperation (BMZ) and the Korean Ministry for Strategy and Finance (MOSF). Masato Hayashikawa, Chelsea Roberts, John Lloyd, Amanda Gautherin, Charles Victor and Théa Chubinidze provided the organisational support. This publication is dedicated to the memory of Roberto Eduardo “Bobby” Aboitiz (1949-2017), who served as Co-Chair of MCDCB. GREEN GROWTH IN CEBU, PHILIPPINES © OECD 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS – 7 Table of contents Acronyms and abbreviations .............................................................................................................. 11 Executive summary .............................................................................................................................. 13 Chapter 1. The economic, social and environmental performance of the Cebu metropolitan area, Philippines .........................................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • Current Politics of Foreshore Reclamation in Tagbilaran City: the Emerging Prospects and Challenges
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND FINANCE STUDIES Vol 9, No 1, 2017 ISSN: 1309-8055 (Online) CURRENT POLITICS OF FORESHORE RECLAMATION IN TAGBILARAN CITY: THE EMERGING PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES Prof. Erika Barbarona Holy Name University [email protected] Dr. Frederico B. Ticong Holy Name University [email protected] Maeveen Marie R. Durban Holy Name University [email protected] Minette Almedilla Holy Name University Elne Galon Holy Name University -Abstract- The study aimed to assess the current status of foreshore reclamation in the City of Tagbilaran. The City of Tagbilaran sets the demands of the increasing urbanization, facing the challenge of economic expansion in foreshore areas. Using the quantitative and qualitative method, the researchers were able to assess the current politics of foreshore reclamation based on the analysis of its emerging challenges and prospects. The data revealed that the respondents have seen the challenge of having an increase of transportation and population explosion that would result to high level of noise and disturbance of the ecosystem and nature. The possibility of a highly competitive and more urbanized city, expanding infrastructure, more workers creating economic stability and new attractions does not compensate the challenges. The researchers found out that businessmen who are in the government are holding back the people in deciding about the existence of foreshore reclamation. In fact, there are still more public land areas available to 48 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND FINANCE STUDIES Vol 9, No 1, 2017 ISSN: 1309-8055 (Online) utilize and develop that would not lead them to resort for foreshore reclamation. Hence, people in Tagbilaran City were not yet ready to become a highly urbanized city.
    [Show full text]
  • Cebu 1(Mun to City)
    TABLE OF CONTENTS Map of Cebu Province i Map of Cebu City ii - iii Map of Mactan Island iv Map of Cebu v A. Overview I. Brief History................................................................... 1 - 2 II. Geography...................................................................... 3 III. Topography..................................................................... 3 IV. Climate........................................................................... 3 V. Population....................................................................... 3 VI. Dialect............................................................................. 4 VII. Political Subdivision: Cebu Province........................................................... 4 - 8 Cebu City ................................................................. 8 - 9 Bogo City.................................................................. 9 - 10 Carcar City............................................................... 10 - 11 Danao City................................................................ 11 - 12 Lapu-lapu City........................................................... 13 - 14 Mandaue City............................................................ 14 - 15 City of Naga............................................................. 15 Talisay City............................................................... 16 Toledo City................................................................. 16 - 17 B. Tourist Attractions I. Historical........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The London School of Economics and Political Science Hegemony
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by LSE Theses Online The London School of Economics and Political Science Hegemony, Transformism and Anti-Politics: Community-Driven Development Programmes at the World Bank Emmanuelle Poncin A thesis submitted to the Department of Government of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. London, June 2012. 1 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of 99,559 words. Statement of use of third party for editorial help I can confirm that my thesis was copy edited for conventions of language, spelling and grammar by Patrick Murphy and Madeleine Poncin. 2 Abstract This thesis scrutinises the emergence, expansion, operations and effects of community-driven development (CDD) programmes, referring to the most popular and ambitious form of local, participatory development promoted by the World Bank.
    [Show full text]
  • June 28, 2020
    “Radiating positivity, creating connectivity” June 22 - 28, 2020 P15.00 CEBU Volume 2 Series 40 12 PAGES BUSINESS Room 310-A, 3rd floor WDC Bldg. Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City WEEK You may visit Cebu Business Week Facebook page. CEBU TRADERS BACKING MAYOR 8 business groups express support for mayor’s plea favoring GCQ EIGHT business groups in “We have arrived at the Cebu have expressed support new normal, and instead of to the Cebu City government’s being passed around back and calls to a downgrade of its forth like a ball on what quar- quarantine status. antine status to be in, it is time Various business organi- that we adapt and learn to live zations in Cebu issued a joint our lives throughout this pan- statement on June 19, stressing demic, instead of just wait- that the call to balance life and ing for the virus to dissipate. livelihood could no longer be Hence, the need to balance life put on hold. and livelihood,” they added. “We express our strong The business groups de- support to the appeal of Cebu cried the use of inaccurate data City Mayor Edgardo Labella and leaving out economic im- on the reclassification of Cebu pact in making policies and de- City from enhanced commu- cisions. nity quarantine (ECQ) to gen- “The move to revert Cebu eral community quarantine City back to ECQ based on (GCQ),” the statement read. SENATOR SHERWIN GATCHALIAN flawed data analysis and -with “While we very much un- out factoring in the economic derstand and agree that public aspect is unacceptable,” the health comes first during this Cebu business groups said.
    [Show full text]
  • Tuna Fishing and a Review of Payaos in the Philippines
    Session 1 - Regional syntheses Tuna fishing and a review of payaos in the Philippines Jonathan O. Dickson*1', Augusto C. Nativiclacl(2) (1) Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, 860 Arcadia Bldg., Quezon Avenue, Quezon City 3008, Philippines - [email protected] (2) Frabelle Fishing Company, 1051 North Bay Blvd., Navotas, Metro Manila, Philippines Abstract Payao is a traditional concept, which has been successfully commercialized to increase the landings of several species valuable to the country's export and local industries. It has become one of the most important developments in pelagic fishing that significantly contributed to increased tuna production and expansion of purse seine and other fishing gears. The introduction of the payao in tuna fishing in 1975 triggered the rapid development of the tuna and small pelagic fishery. With limited management schemes and strategies, however, unstable tuna and tuna-like species production was experienced in the 1980s and 1990s. In this paper, the evolution and development of the payao with emphasis on the technological aspect are reviewed. The present practices and techniques of payao in various parts of the country, including its structure, ownership, distribution, and fishing operations are discussed. Monitoring results of purse seine/ringnet operations including handline using payao in Celebes Sea and Western Luzon are presented to compare fishing styles and techniques, payao designs and species caught. The fishing gears in various regions of the country for harvesting payao are enumerated and discussed. The inshore and offshore payaos in terms of sea depth, location, designs, fishing methods and catch composi- tion are also compared. Fishing companies and fisherfolk associations involved in payao operation are presented to determine extent of uti- lization and involvement in the municipal and commercial sectors of the fishing industry.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecology and Behaviour of Tarsius Syrichta in the Wild
    O',F Tarsius syrichta ECOLOGY AND BEHAVIOUR - IN BOHOL, PHILIPPINES: IMPLICATIONS FOR CONSERVATION By Irene Neri-Arboleda D.V.M. A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Applied Science Department of Applied and Molecular Ecology University of Adelaide, South Australia 2001 TABLE OF CONTENTS DAge Title Page I Table of Contents............ 2 List of Tables..... 6 List of Figures.... 8 Acknowledgements... 10 Dedication 11 I)eclaration............ t2 Abstract.. 13 Chapter I GENERAL INTRODUCTION... l5 1.1 Philippine Biodiversity ........... t6 1.2 Thesis Format.... l9 1.3 Project Aims....... 20 Chapter 2 REVIEIV OF TARSIER BIOLOGY...... 2t 2.1 History and Distribution..... 22 2.t.1 History of Discovery... .. 22 2.1.2 Distribution...... 24 2.1.3 Subspecies of T. syrichta...... 24 2.2 Behaviour and Ecology.......... 27 2.2.1 Home Ranges. 27 2.2.2 Social Structure... 30 2.2.3 Reproductive Behaviour... 3l 2.2.4 Diet and Feeding Behaviour 32 2.2.5 Locomotion and Activity Patterns. 34 2.2.6 Population Density. 36 2.2.7 Habitat Preferences... ... 37 2.3 Summary of Review. 40 Chapter 3 FßLD SITE AI\D GEIYERAL METHODS.-..-....... 42 3.1 Field Site........ 43 3. 1.1 Geological History of the Philippines 43 3.1.2 Research Area: Corella, Bohol. 44 3.1.3 Physical Setting. 47 3.t.4 Climate. 47 3.1.5 Flora.. 50 3.1.6 Fauna. 53 3.1.7 Human Population 54 t page 3.1.8 Tourism 55 3.2 Methods.. 55 3.2.1 Mapping.
    [Show full text]
  • Protection of the Groundwater Resources of Metropolis Cebu (Philippines) in Consideration of Saltwater Intrusion Into the Coastal Aquifer
    17th Salt Water Intrusion Meeting, Delft, The Netherlands, 6-10 May 2002 489 PROTECTION OF THE GROUNDWATER RESOURCES OF METROPOLIS CEBU (PHILIPPINES) IN CONSIDERATION OF SALTWATER INTRUSION INTO THE COASTAL AQUIFER Olaf SCHOLZE (a), Gero HILLMER (b) and Wilfried SCHNEIDER (a) (a) Technical University of Hamburg-Harburg, Department of Water Management and Water Supply, Schwarzenbergstr. 95, 21073 Hamburg, GERMANY, [email protected] (b) University of Hamburg-Harburg, Department of Geology and Paleontology, Bundesstr. 55, 20146 Hamburg, GERMANY INTRODUCTION The world, particularly the developing countries, is experiencing shortages of potable and clean waters. For the effective management of water resources it is necessary to understand the natural systems affecting the groundwater. Saltwater intrusion is common in coastal areas where aquifers are in hydraulic contact with the sea. A zone of contact (salt-freshwater interface) is formed between the lighter freshwater flowing to the sea and the heavier, underlying, seawater (specific weight γs > γf). Even under natural conditions without any anthropogenic activity the freshwater from the aquifer flows into the sea (outflow face), while in greater depth saline water penetrates into the pore space of the aquifer. The saltwater wedge at the bottom of an aquifer may move long distances against the natural gradient of the freshwater table. Additional pumping of groundwater induces upconing and further movement of seawater inland towards the groundwater extraction (Figure 1). The mixing of seawater with groundwater affects the quality and the normal usefulness of groundwater. Natural replenishment Zone of pumping Water table Sea Initial water table Outflow Freshwater face f Interface Saltwater Initial interface S able Imperme Figure 1 Cross-section in a coastal aquifer with saltwater upconing.
    [Show full text]
  • Shipyard Owners Occupying Land for Free, Says Consolacion Mayor
    “Radiating positivity, creating connectivity” CEBU BUSINESS Room 310-A, 3rd floor WDC Bldg. Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City You may visit Cebu Business Week WEEK Facebook page. July 12 - 18, 2021 Volume 3, Series 95 www.cebubusinessweek.com 12 PAGES P15.00 RECLAMATION TO PUSH THROUGH Shipyard owners occupying land for free, says Consolacion mayor CONSOLACION, Cebu five people and who occupied By: ELIAS O. BAQUERO ments to the public because They only think of them- Mayor Joaness “Joyjoy” the area for about 50 years or they know they have no rea- selves. They’ve used the area Alegado said that those more. The shipyard is a small (DENR),” Alegado said. son to stay in that area as for 50 years. Now, the people who want to stop the town’s operation to repair vessels. “The people of Consola- their tenurial agreement should be the ones to develop 285-hectare reclamation There is no other economic cion in particular and all the with DENR has expired and and expand it,” Alegado said. project are those who occu- growth or development, em- Cebuanos in general must the people should use and He said he wished that pied the lands free of rental ploying only a few persons know that these few shipyard benefit from it now,” Alegado his dream will come true like for 50 years with little contri- who are not even from Con- owners have no more right added. this reclamation project so bution to the nation. solacion. to operate in Tayud because He said he is fighting more people can benefit from Alegado said that the “This is now high time their tenurial agreement with against the rich and influen- the town’s growth.
    [Show full text]
  • Vulnerability Assessment of Olango Island to Predicted Climate Change and Sea Level Rise
    Vulnerability assessment of Olango Island to predicted climate change and sea level rise Amuerfino Mapalo Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Region 7 Banilad, Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines, 6014 ([email protected]) Executive summary The Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research (APN) funded a study assessing the vulnerability of Olango Island, in the Central Philippines, to predicted climate change and sea level rise. The study was coordinated by the Environmental Research Institute of the Supervising Scientist (eriss), in Australia, and Wetlands International–Oceania, with the major local collaborator being the Philippines Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). The study’s major objectives were to raise awareness of the issue of climate change and sea level rise in the Asia-Pacific region, to provide advice and training to national and local agencies on procedures for Vulnerability Assessment, and specifically, to obtain a preliminary understanding of the potential impacts of climate change and sea level rise on the biological, physical and socio-economic attributes of Olango Island. Olango Island was chosen as a study site for several reasons: It is a small, coral reef island (~6 × 3 km) with low topographical relief and a maximum elevation above sea level of only 9 m; it sustains a population of over 20 000 and is already under pressure from anthropogenic activities including fishing, groundwater extraction and mangrove harvesting; it is a major wetland site for shorebirds, being nominated for the East Asian–Australasian Shorebird Reserve Network and listed as a wetland of international importance by the Ramsar Wetland Convention. Due to its importance as a flyway stopover site, a 920 ha wildlife sanctuary was established in the south of the island.
    [Show full text]
  • Talamban in the Northeast, with Service Into the Cebu South Road Properties
    DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS Public Disclosure Authorized Social Impact Assessment of Cebu Bus Rapid Transit Project Public Disclosure Authorized RESETTLEMENT PLAN Final Report Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................ iii GLOSSARY OF TERMS .................................................................................................... vi EXECUTIVE SLJMMARY ................................................................................................... vii 1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................... 1 2.0 OBJECTIVES OF THE RP ..................................................................................... 1 3.0 RESETTLEMENT PRINCIPLES ............................................................................ 2 4.0 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS ................................................................................... 3 5.0 METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................... 4 6.0 SCOPE OF LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT ................................... 4 7.0 MEASURES TO MINIMIZE LAND ACQUSITION AND DISPLACEMENT ........... 5 8.0 OTHER PROJECTS ON THE CORRIDOR ......................................................... 10 9.0 PHILIPPINE LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND WORLD BANK POLICY ................... 10 10.0 ELIGIBILITY AND ENTITLEMENT MATRIX
    [Show full text]
  • The Case of Tagbilaran City, Bohol
    A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics del Prado, Fatima; Acejo, Iris L.; Remolino, Darlyne Working Paper Tourism Fuels an Emerging City: The Case of Tagbilaran City, Bohol PIDS Discussion Paper Series, No. 2004-53 Provided in Cooperation with: Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS), Philippines Suggested Citation: del Prado, Fatima; Acejo, Iris L.; Remolino, Darlyne (2004) : Tourism Fuels an Emerging City: The Case of Tagbilaran City, Bohol, PIDS Discussion Paper Series, No. 2004-53, Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS), Makati City This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/127878 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. www.econstor.eu Philippine Institute for Development Studies Surian sa mga Pag-aaral Pangkaunlaran ng Pilipinas Tourism Fuels an Emerging City: The Case of Tagbilaran City, Bohol Iris Acejo, Fatima del Prado and Darlyne Remolino DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES NO.
    [Show full text]
  • Textualizing Epics in Philippine History from The
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Collecting the People: Textualizing Epics in Philippine History from the Sixteenth Century to the Twenty-First A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in History by Brandon Joseph Reilly 2013 © Copyright by Brandon Joseph Reilly 2013 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Collecting the People: Textualizing Epics in Philippine History from the Sixteenth Century to the Twenty-First by Brandon Joseph Reilly Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Los Angeles, 2012 Professor Michael Salman, Chair My dissertation, “Collecting the People: Textualizing Epics in Philippine History from the Sixteenth Century to the Twenty-First,” examines the study and uses of oral epics in the Philippines from the late 1500s to the present. State institutions and cultural activists uphold epics linked to the pre-colonial era as the most culturally authentic, ancient, and distinctive form of Filipino literature. These “epics” originated as oral traditions performed by culturally diverse groups. Before they could be read, they had to be written down and translated into, first, the colonial language of Spanish, and later, the national languages of English and Filipino. Beginning from the earliest Spanish colonial times, I examine the longer history of writing about, describing, summarizing, and beginning in the late nineteenth century, transcribing the diverse sorts of oral narratives that only in the twentieth century came to be called epics. I pay particular attention to how the instruments of pen, printing press, tape recorder, and video recorder, and media of preservation such as government report, published ii or unpublished colonial chronicle, scholarly textualization, coffee table book, or television show, have shaped the epics.
    [Show full text]