APPLICATION NOTE

AN054 Rev 0.00 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with 1999 Interfaceability

Introduction individual segment drivers, and the resistors in each of their collectors serve to set the current for that segment. For some time now Intersil has manufactured a line of display drivers oriented toward convenience of interface to By contrast, Figure 1 shows an ASCII 8-character the displays themselves and to the microprocessor bus or alphanumeric multiplexed LED display system in which all of other digital system from which the displayed data comes. the decoding, multiplexing, and driving is accomplished by a These devices have been mainly intended for numeric data single , Intersil’s ICM7243. The savings in (including hexadecimal and similar codes), and have been board space, design time by the user, and cost are easy to designed to drive Liquid Crystal (LCD), Light Emitting (LED) see. Additionally, this single chip approach offers several and Vacuum Fluorescent (VF) displays. Most have offered additional features, such as built-in microprocessor full-time drive, limiting the total number of segments that compatibility, low power shutdown mode, and automatic could be driven by each device to 28. The recent growth in interdigit blanking. These features would require extra popularity of alphanumeric displays, fueled by intelligent circuitry in the discrete design and increase the cost of the typewriters, language translators, Point of Sale Equipment, system. intelligent test equipment, and so on, has led to the One advantage frequently not fully appreciated is the off- development of a series of alphanumeric display drivers for loading of microprocessor into the display driver. LCDs and LEDs. The large number of segments involved This can free up both memory and time for other tasks, as means that any useful multi-character driver must use a compared to designs using software-derived display multiplexing scheme, and fortunately LCD technology has decoding and timing. reached a point where suitable multiplexable fluids are now becoming widely available. As for LEDs, the circuit and The integrated circuits now available provide a wide selection layout technology to handle the higher currents involved in a of display driving capability and can be divided into several suitable LSI process has also been developed at the right categories. Most numeric display drivers also provide a few time. A brief glance at the earlier products will lead us to a alphabetic characters for displaying hexadecimal values. True closer look at these new display drivers. alphanumeric display devices have numbers, letters, punctuation marks, and other symbols in their character sets. Advantages of IC Drivers The interconnection to display driver ICs also varies from Decoding and driving circuits for various types of numeric multiplexed BCD inputs to serial bit-stream arrangements or and alphanumeric displays have been greatly simplified by parallel microprocessor bus compatible input schemes. large scale integration. These new display drivers dramatically exhibit the following benefits and advantages Non-Multiplexed Displays over discrete designs: One important category of driver circuit is the non- • more circuit functions in less space multiplexed, or direct drive type. In this case, direct drive • simpler design effort for the user means that there is one line for each segment of the display (e.g., 4 digits x 7 segments = 28 lines). • more flexible operation • reduced circuit expense In many applications the use of a full-time or non-multiplexed configuration has a number of advantages. For relatively high Consider, for example, the design of an ASCII 8-character current displays such as LEDs and VF, the absence of alphanumeric multiplexed LED display system. The block continuous and somewhat unpredictable display current diagram for such a system constructed with discrete and changes can be a major advantage. Current spikes and level MSI components is shown in Figure 2. Included as one of changes, reflected usually on supply lines to other circuitry, the blocks is an 8 word by 6-bit memory which stores the 6- are minimized, and generally occur only when the display is bit ASCII word for each of the characters to be displayed. changed, thus being under the control of the rest of the The addresses for the memory are selected either from the system. As for LCDs, multiplexable displays, though widely input circuitry, when writing to the display, or from the 3-bit used in calculators, have not been available on the general counter, which generates the addresses for the 3 line to 8 market. line decoder. The NPN transistors drive the common cathode display for each character. The data from the The IMC7211, ICM7212 and ICM7235 series of full time display memory is sent to a decoder which determines the correct drivers come in a number of versions. The ICM7211 drives segments to be turned on and must be a specially liquid crystal displays (LCD), the ICM7212 drives light emitting programmed ROM or PLA with an output for each of the 14- diode displays (LED) and the ICM7235 drives vacuum or 16-character segments. The PNP transistors serve as fluorescent display panels (VF). These three display drivers are identical except for the output driver structure. Multiplexed BCD

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 1 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability or microprocessor bus compatible input configurations are arranged for each digit. Two standard patterns are provided, as available. As shown in the Functional Diagram of Figure 3, they all shown in Table 1. The hexadecimal code is widely used in drive 4 digits of 7 segments each. The data input is fed through a microprocessor and other binary digital systems, while “Code decoder into the latch, from which the segment outputs are B” is popular in instruments and equipment where certain test derived. This particular part is an LCD driver, and so includes a and warning messages can be provided readily. Both provide backplane oscillator and driver, which is also fed to the segment standard BCD decoding for numerals. drivers. The oscillator is arranged so that the backplane driver can Some typical applications of these devices are shown in the be disabled by tying the oscillator pin to the negative supply. Once next few figures. Figure 5 shows the ICM7211 interfaced to the this is done, the associated pin, together with the segment drivers ICL7135, a new single chip 41/ digit A/D converter. This keyed from it, can then be externally driven. Several display 2 device provides a multiplexed BCD output, together with drivers can thus drive a multidigit display, with one backplane. The polarity and overrange information. The circuit shown uses a digit into which the incoming data is loaded is determined by CD4054 to drive the half digit, polarity, and overrange flags. A individual select lines, for ready interface with the multiplexed similar circuit for driving VF displays is shown in Figure 6, using BCD signals widely used in instrumentation, etc. the ICM7235. Brightness control is achieved by pulsed duty Another version is shown in Figure 4. This part, the ICM7121M cycle using a CMOS 7555 timer on the ON/OFF input. The is oriented to microprocessor bus interface, with binary-coded identical circuit (with a lower display voltage) can be used with digit select lines and active low CHIP SELECT lines. The common cathode LEDs, while substituting an ICM7212 will device is an LED driver, and the backplane oscillator and allow the use of common anode LEDs. control is replaced by a brightness control.

The output is set to drive common anode displays, with segment currents of typically 8mA. The Functional Diagram of WRITE 14-/16-SEGMENT CONTROL the ICM7335M VF display driver is virtually identical, except for INPUT the polarity of the outputs. These outputs can withstand up to 8 CHARACTER DATA 30V when off, more than adequate for the standard VF ICM7243A/B 14- OR 16-SEGMENT INPUT 6 LED DISPLAY displays available. The segment current is typically 2.5mA, which also allows the devices to be used for driving common ADDRESS cathode LEDs. INPUT 3 8

Another variation in this family of parts concerns the display font. The 4 line binary input data is decoded to 7-segment FIGURE 1. 8-CHARACTER ALPHANUMERIC LED DISPLAY format in a mask programmable ROM, allowing any pattern to SYSTEM (SINGLE CHIP DESIGN) be constructed, and if desired separate decodes can be

WRITE WRITE ASCII TO 14- OR CONTROL LOGIC 16-SEGMENT DECODER INPUT 6 VCC DATA 6 6 x 8 INPUT MEMORY SEGMENT 3 DRIVE

ADDRESS 3 ADDRESS INPUT MUX 8-CHARACTER 14- OR 16-SEGMENT LED DISPLAY 3 CHARACTER DRIVE 3-BIT 3 COUNTER

OSC 3 LINE TO 8 LINE DIGIT DECODER

FIGURE 2. 8-CHARACTER ALPHANUMERIC LED DISPLAY SYSTEM (DISCRETE DESIGN)

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 2 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability

D4 D3 D2 D1 SEGMENT OUTPUTS SEGMENT OUTPUTS SEGMENT OUTPUTS SEGMENT OUTPUTS

7 WIDE DRIVER 7 WIDE DRIVER 7 WIDE DRIVER 7 WIDE DRIVER VDD

VSS 7 WIDE LATCH EN 7 WIDE LATCH EN 7 WIDE LATCH EN 7 WIDE LATCH EN

PROGRAMMABLE PROGRAMMABLE PROGRAMMABLE PROGRAMMABLE 4 TO 7 DECODER 4 TO 7 DECODER 4 TO 7 DECODER 4 TO 7 DECODER

DATA INPUTS

DIGIT SELECT INPUTS

OSCILLATOR BACK- 6kHz PLANE +128 FREE DRIVER OSCILLATOR INPUT/ RUNNING ENABLE BP INPUT OUTPUT ENABLE DETECTOR

FIGURE 3. FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM OF ICM7211

D4 D3 D2 D1 SEGMENT OUTPUTS SEGMENT OUTPUTS SEGMENT OUTPUTS SEGMENT OUTPUTS

7 WIDE DRIVER 7 WIDE DRIVER 7 WIDE DRIVER 7 WIDE DRIVER BRIGHTNESS VDD

VSS 7 WIDE LATCH EN 7 WIDE LATCH EN 7 WIDE LATCH EN 7 WIDE LATCH EN

PROGRAMMABLE PROGRAMMABLE PROGRAMMABLE PROGRAMMABLE 4 TO 7 DECODER 4 TO 7 DECODER 4 TO 7 DECODER 4 TO 7 DECODER

4-BIT DATA LATCH INPUTS ENABLE

2-BIT 2-BIT 2 TO 4 DIGIT SELECT LATCH DECODER CODE INPUT ENABLE ENABLE

CHIP SELECT 1 ONE CHIP SELECT 2 SHOT

FIGURE 4. FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM OF ICM7212M/ICM7235M

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 3 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability

Figure 7 shows a pair of ICM7211M devices set up on an 8048 Multiplexed LED Displays bus and accessed by port lines to form an 8-digit LCD display for LEDs can be multiplexed quite easily, and the ICM7218 will run a microcomputer based system. In this arrangement, any digit 8 digits of 7 segments plus decimal point. The advantage of can be changed independently from the others and the display multiplexing is immediately apparent, as most versions of this used for system values in decimal or hexadecimal notation. The device require only 28 pins, compared to 40 for the devices just lines B0-B3 are the data input lines of the display drivers; data on covered, and they drive twice as many digits. Versions are these lines is decoded from BCD to 7-segment format when the available to operate common cathode and common anode type chip select (CS1 and CS2) conditions are met for that device. The displays. A further division is made between devices where the digit to be written is determined by the select lines, DS1 and DS2. basic access mode is serial, i.e., each digit location must be The 56 segment drive lines from the two ICM7211s are loaded in sequence, and those where digit locations are synchronized by use of the OSC INPUT (pin 36) on the right-hand individually addressable. The serial access devices have latches ICM7211. When this pin is tied low, the backplane output (pin 5) is to control certain operating modes, whereas the random access transformed into an input and can be driven by the backplane parts select these via full-time control pins. These modes include output of the lefthand ICM7211. In this way a single 8-digit LCD a “shutdown” operation where the digit and segment drivers are display with one backplane connection can be driven by two LCD turned off, and the multiplex scan oscillator is halted. Data can display drivers. continue to be loaded, but the power drain is typically only 10A. Other operating modes control the data decoding function. The TABLE 1. OUTPUT CODES FOR 7-SEGMENT DISPLAYS 8 data input lines can be used to directly control the segment BINARY HEXADECIMAL CODE B and decimal point outputs, without decoding at all (the decimal ICM7211(M) ICM7211A(M) point input is inverted). Alternatively, the lowest 4 data bits can B3 B2 B1 B0 ICM7212(M) ICM7212A(M) be decoded according to either of the hexadecimal and “Code 0 0 0 0 0 0 B” fonts shown in Table 1. The device provides interdigit 0 0 0 1 1 1 blanking for about 10s between digit drive times to avoid 0 0 1 0 2 2 ghosting. The peak drive current for the common anode device is about 40mA per segment, averaging to 5mA with a 12.2% 0 0 1 1 3 3 duty cycle. The common cathode drivers offer about half the 0 1 0 0 4 4 current, suitable for the smaller displays of this type. 0 1 0 1 5 5 A 16-digit microprocessor display application is shown in 0 1 1 0 6 6 Figure 8 using two ICM7218C devices connected to the data 0 1 1 1 7 7 and address lines of an 8048 microcomputer. Note that the 1 0 0 0 8 8 individual 7-segment displays are interleaved to simplify the 1 0 0 1 9 9 addressing of the two driver chips. The 3 digit address lines of 1 0 1 0 A - each ICM7218 are tied to the same 3 address lines of the 1 0 1 1 B E 8048. When data appears on the data output lines of the 8048 and the write command is given, the display drivers will be 1 1 0 0 C H addressed simultaneously and the 2 digits addressed by DA0, 1 1 0 1 D L DA1, and DA2 will be written simultaneously. The decimal point 1 1 1 0 E P inputs come from the 8048 address lines. The code selected 1 1 1 1 F (BLANK) by pin 9 of the ICM7218 is hexadecimal.

A similar interface can easily be designed for MCS-80/85/86 Independent addressing and the no-decode mode of the systems and the Motorola MC680X and MOS ICM7218A, B, and E allow them to be used in non-numeric Technology/Rockwell MCS650X devices. Although the LCD applications. Since each LED segment is independently devices are shown, the same arrangement can also be used addressable by way of 8 data input lines and 8 segments per with the ICM7212M and ICM7235M. digit (7 + decimal point), it is possible to use them as LED system status panel drivers or as 64-segment bar graph drivers. The ICM7211, ICM7212 and ICM7235 display drivers are Two LED system status panel examples are shown in Figure 9, directly related to a family of counter/display drivers, the one with 32 channels of red and green LEDs, and one with 21 1 ICM7224, ICM7225, and ICM7236. These devices are 4 /2- channels of red, yellow, and green LEDs. Each of these status digit counters that directly drive LCD, LED or VF displays. They panels can be driven by one ICM7218 display driver with handle counting rates as high as 25MHz, display results up to individual LEDs arranged in groups of 8 for each of the 8 digit 19999, and are easily cascadable to form higher resolution outputs. counters. Evaluation kits for these counters and display drivers, and the ICL7135 A/D converter, are available from Intersil.

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 4 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability +5V 22-100pF OPTIONAL CAPACITOR 1 6-26 DD 2,3,4 37-40 V OSC 36 28 SEGMENTS D1-D4 SEGMENTS 28 ICM7211A SS BACKPLANE 5 BP 31 D1 32 D2 33 D3 34 D4 30 B3 29 B2 28 B1 27 B0 35 V 0V +5V DIGIT LCD DISPLAY 2 / 1 4- CLOCK IN 120kC = 3 READINGS/SEC 3 = 120kC CD4064A 654251 16151412 3 4 7 8 13 11 10 9 2 6 DIGIT A/D CONVERTER WITH LCD DISPLAY 2 / 1 4

+5V 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 FIGURE 5. D1 D2 D3 D4 B8 B4 UR OR R/H POL BUSY CLOCK STROBE DIG GND DIG ICL7135 V- REF ANALOG COMMON OUT INT AZIN OUT BUF RC1 RC2 INPUT LO HI INPUT V+ D5 B1 B2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 F  F 1.0   -5V  +5V F  27 0.47 1 100k F   0.1  100k REF VOLTAGE GND 100k ANALOG INPUT

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 5 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability  50k F    0.1 4.7k 4.7k 0V +5V 8 7 6 5 ICM7555 GND V+ OUT RESET 1 2 3 4 0V +5V +5V 2,3,4 6-26 37-40 35 1 4 DD DD 28 -D V V 1 D SEGMENTS ICM7235A /OFF 1 2 3 4 3 2 1 0 SS D D D D B B B B V ON 5 31 32 33 34 30 29 28 27 36 VACUUM FLORESCENT DISPLAY DRIVER FLORESCENT DISPLAY VACUUM

0V -15V DIGIT LCD DISPLAY 2 FIGURE 6. / +5V 1 4 2N3702  4.7k +5V Q 2N3702 CL D CD4042 4 / 1 POL  4.7k 5 4 -D -B 1 1 0V D B +5V POL

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 6 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability I/O I/O 33 34 35 36 37 38 25 26 27 28 29 30 SS 20 PA0 24 PA7 31 PB0 32 PB7 39 V 5 DD WITH I/O 8355/8755 V EXPANDER NC NC ROM/EPROM CC 40 736 V V+ +5V V+ 21 A8 21 A9 22 A10 23 CE 2 RESET 4 PROG 1 AD0 12 AD1 13 AD2 14 AD3 15 AD4 16 AD5 17 AD6 18 AD7 19 8 IOR IOW 10 RD 9 11 ALE V+ +5V V+ NC 1 35 ICM7211M SS V 36 OSC 36 CS2 LOW ORDER DIGITS CS1 TO ICM7211 INTERFACE ICM7211 TO 31 32 33 34 DS1 DS2 8355/8755 NOT NECESSARY NOT 8355/8755 6-26 SEGMENTS 6-26 2,3,4 37-40 DATA B0-B3 BP 5 27 28 29 30 CS2 BP 5 BP 8-DIGIT LCDDISPLAY CS1 2,3,4 37-40 DS1DS2 8-DIGITLCD MICROCOMPUTER DISPLAY

DATA B0-B3 SEGMENTS 6-26 SEGMENTS 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 DD FIGURE 7. 1 V 35 36 OSC ICM7211M I/O V+ +5V HIGH ORDER DIGITS 8 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 22 23 24 35 36 37 38 RD 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 10 P10 27 P17 P20 21 P27 I/O WR DB0 12 DB7 SS 20 25 V 8048 8748 PROG DD IM80C48 26 COMPUTER V  9 CC PSEN 40 V V+ +5V V+ 11 2 XTAL 1 2 XTAL 2 3 XTAL 4 RESET 7 EA (NOTE) 5 SS 1 T0 T1 39 6 INT ALE NOTE: EA SHOULD GO +5V TO FOR80(C) 35 DEVICES NC INPUT

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 7 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability

Figure 10 shows a functional diagram of an ICM7218E used in The average segment current of the ICM7243 is 3mA maximum a 6-bit binary to 64-segment bar graph application. The write (24mA/8 digits). This is quite enough current to give good contrast control block generates the write command and address of the to the 0.375 or 0.4 inch high displays. If larger displays are to be group of 8 segments to be written. The address is compared driven it is an easy task to add a simple transistor current boost with the 3 MSBs of the input binary value. If the address to be circuit to each character and segment output. The current boost written is less than the 3 MSBs, then the data is to be all circuit shown in Figure 15 will provide an average segment “ones”, turning on those 8 segments corresponding to the 3 current of about 12mA. This current should be sufficient to drive MSBs. If the address is greater than the 3 MSBs, the data is to larger alphanumeric LED displays. be all “zeros”. When the address is equal to the 3 MSBs, the data generator uses the 3 LSBs of the input word to determine Multiplexed Liquid Crystal Displays the point at which the bar graph changes from on to off. The The benefits of multiplexing have been slow in coming to LCD data is found by: data value = (2n) - 1 where n is the 3-bit LSB systems, outside of a few consumer items. Much of the reason value (0 to 8). lies with the display. A reverse biased LED (or VF device) will not Note that the data sent to the decimal point input (pin 8) needs display anything, so part-time forward bias control is enough to to be inverted. control the overall result. But LCDs require an AC drive, and continuously look at the voltage between backplane and segment. Alphanumeric LED display systems have recently been Thus, multiplexing LCDs require waveforms that rely on a simplified in the same way that the numeric-only LED display threshold in the RMS voltage-vs contrast characteristics. The system has been simplified by the ICM7218 family (Figures 1 result is that until recently no multiplexed LCD displays were and 2). A pair of integrated circuits dedicated to 14- and commercially available (off-the-shelf), and naturally it is hard to 16-segment alphanumeric LED displays have been developed - justify building display drivers for unavailable displays! the ICM7243A and B. These devices accept a 6-bit parallel Nevertheless, Intersil had introduced the ICM7231/32/33/34 ASCII code, decode it, and drive the appropriate segments of an family of Triplex Multiplexed LCD drivers and several matching 8-character common cathode display. The mask programmable LCD displays have become available. Figure 16 shows a block character sets and corresponding ASCII codes are shown in diagram of the ICM7233 display driver for 4 characters of 18 Figures 11 and 12 for the 14-and 16-segment versions. segments.

The ICM 7243 has 2 input data modes. The Random Access The 6 data input lines are decoded into 18 segment lines (RA) mode allows independent addressing of characters by way according to the font shown in Table 2. These are then latched of 3-digit address lines. The RA mode writes only the character in the character location selected by the two address lines at addressed. The Serial Access (SA) mode writes characters from the rising edge of one of the Chip Select inputs. The segments left to right on the display without having to externally address are arranged on 6 segment lines against 3 common each character. Right to left writing can be done by wiring the (backplane) lines as shown in Figure 17. The resistive divider digits in reverse order. The OSC/OFF pin on the ICM7243 sets up a total of 4 voltage levels and the COMmon and provides a shutdown mode which, when grounded, will put the SEGment lines are switched between these levels as shown in display driver in a low-power mode, blanking the displays while Figure 18. The resulting voltages between one segment in the the memory reaction is kept active. The DISPLAY FULL and display and its common backplane are shown in Figure 19. SERIAL ENABLE lines combine to make cascading display The ratio of RMS voltages for ON and OFF conditions of the drivers easy. An example of a 24-character LED display is segment is 1.92:1 as shown. The relationship between shown in Figure 13. The MODE lines are all tied high to set up contrast and applied voltage for a typical multiplexed LCD serial input, and DISPLAY FULL is connected to SEN of the next display is shown in Figure 20, and indicates that the viewing device to enable cascading. When CHIP SELECT is high, the angle for adequate contrast at this level is satisfactory. Figure WRITE line is active-low. If however, active-high is desired, 21 shows the variation with temperature of the voltage margins WRITE can be tied low and CHIP SELECT used as an active- (expressed as peak voltage) above and below which the high write line. The characters will be written from left to right as display will begin to malfunction. new ASCII data is presented to the 6-bit input bus and the WRITE command is given. The ICM7231 uses 4 of the input data lines for binary display data, and 2 more for annunciator inputs. The segment latches Figure 14 shows the use of the OSC/OFF pin to get the shutdown are divided into 8 groups (digits) of 9 (7 segments plus 2 mode. In this example two ICM7243s are dedicated to the same 8 annunciators) with 1 extra address input provided for selection. characters of the LED display. The drivers are enabled alternately, Several different versions offer hexadecimal or Code B fonts performing a message select function. When the OSC/OFF pin is (Table 1) and different annunciator connections (see Figure 22 brought low by the open-collector inverter, all outputs of that driver for patterns). are turned off, freeing its group of 8 LED characters to be driven by the other ICM7243. The display driver is turned on by allowing the OSC/OFF pin to float.

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 8 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability 8 8 DIGITS SEGMENTS 8 GND WR GND ICM7218C/D 19 28 V+ +5V DA0 DA1 DA2 ID7 (DEC. PT.) ID0 ID1 ID2 ID3 THREE LEVEL 7 9 5 6 12 11 13 14 10 V+ 8 8 DIGITS 28 SEGMENTS 8 GND WR ICM7218C/D 19 V+ +5V GND DA0 DA1 DA2 PT.) (DEC. ID7 ID0 ID1 ID2 ID3 THREE LEVEL 9 7 5 6 12 11 13 14 10 16-DIGIT LED MICROCOMPUTER DISPLAY V+

FIGURE 8. 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 21 22 23 24 35 36 37 38 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 8 P10 P11 P12 P13 P14 P15 P16 P17 P20 P21 P22 P23 P24 P25 P26 P27 D80 D81 D82 D83 D84 D85 D86 D87 RD 10 25 SS V 8048 8748 IM80C48 GND 9 COMPUTER  DD V D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 40 26 20 11 CC ALE PSEN PROG WR V XTAL1 XTAL2 RESET EA SS T0 T1 INT +5V 2 3 4 7 5 1 6 39 NC INPUT

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 9 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability GREEN LEDs GREEN RED LEDs RED YELLOW LEDs SEGMENT DRIVE LINES M N P Q R S T U V W M N P Q R S T U CHANNELS 8 8 BAR GRAPH 64-SEGMENT DIGIT SEGMENT 88 ICM7218A/B/E STATUS PANEL STATUS DIGIT 21 CHANNEL x 3 INDICATORS 21 A B C D E F G H J K L DRIVE LINES WR GO STOP CAUTION ICM7218A/B/E DP DATA ADDRESS 7 RED LEDS LEDS GREEN 3 8 STATUS PANEL EXAMPLES FOR EXAMPLES ICM7218 PANEL STATUS

6-BIT BINARY TO BAR GRAPH APPLICATION TO 6-BIT BINARY

FIGURE 9. FIGURE 10. 3 3-BIT DATA ADDRESS CONTROL AND WRITE GENERATOR GENERATOR COMPARATOR “<“ “=” “>” T U V W X Y Z 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 SEGMENT DRIVE LINES CHANNELS 3 3 88 ICM7218A/B/E STATUS PANEL STATUS DATA DATA (LSBs) (MSBs) BINARY BINARY DIGIT 32 CHANNEL x 2 INDICATORS 32 CHANNEL x DRIVE LINES A B C D E F G H J K L M N P Q R S ON OFF

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 10 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 DP 0 1 1 1 c b 0 1 1 0 a2 g2 k i 0 1 0 1 hj ml d2 d1 a1 g1 0 1 0 0 f e 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 ICM7243A 16-SEGMENT CHARACTER FONT WITH DECIMAL POINT

0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 FIGURE 11. 3 2 1 0 0 1 0 1 D D D D 0 0 1 1 4 , D 5 D

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 11 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 DP 0 1 1 1 driven together. c b 0 1 1 0 a2 g2 k d1 l i i a d 0 1 0 1 hj hj ml m d2 d1 a1 g1 0 1 0 0 f e 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 ICM7243B 14-SEGMENTCHARACTER FONT WITH DECIMAL POINT

0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 FIGURE 12. 3 2 1 0 0 1 0 1 D D D D 0 0 1 1 4 Segments a and d appear as 2 segments each, but both halves are a and d appear as 2 segments Segments

, D 5 D NOTE:

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 12 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability ISPLAY SEG CS WR ICM7243A 5 -D 0 D CHAR CLR MODE SEN V+ FULL DISPLAY SEG CS WR ICM7243A 5 -D 0 D CHAR CLR MODE SEN V+ FULL 24-CHARACTER LED MICROCOMPUTER DISPLAY

DISPLAY SEG CS WR FIGURE 13. ICM7243A 5 -D 0 D CHAR CLR 8-CHARACTER LED DISPLAY 8-CHARACTER LED DISPLAY 8-CHARACTER LED D MODE SEN V+ CLR 6-BIT WRITE INPUT DATA CHIP SELECT CHIP

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 13 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability 16 CS WR 5 ICM7243 6 -D CHAR SEQ 0 D OSC/OFF SEN 5 6 -D 0 D ICM7243 8 CS WR CHAR SEQ FULL OSC/OFF DISPLAY SEN 16 CS WR 5 ICM7243 6 -D CHAR SEQ 0 D ICM7243 MESSAGE SELECT APPLICATION

FULL OSC/OFF DISPLAY FIGURE 14. 5 6 -D 0 D ICM7243 8 CS WR CHAR SEQ OSC/OFF SN7405 A A B B CS CS WR WR DATA SELECT MESSAGE

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 14 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability

+5V +5V VDD +5V SEGMENT DRIVER VLED = 1.6V R = 100 TYPICAL 100 1mA 2N2219 R SEG SEG x DISPLAY

ICM7243 14 (100mAPEAK)

CHARACTER DRIVER CHAR 14mA RON = 4 2N6034 CHARN SEGMENT LEDs 1.4 AMP PEAK RON ~ 4Þ

GND GND GND

FIGURE 15A. STANDARD DISPLAY CONNECTION FIGURE 15B. LED CURRENT BOOST CONNECTION FIGURE 15. DISPLAY CURRENT BOOST CIRCUIT FOR ICM7243

The serial input versions, the ICM7232 and ICM7234, arrangement can be used with any microprocessor that exchange the 6 data input lines for 6 more SEGment lines, provides a WR line, such as the MCS-80/85. A slightly more allowing 2 digits or one character extra per driver. The Address complex interface to an MC680X processor is shown in Figure and Chip Select Lines are replaced by 4 serial input control 28. Here, address lines are used for character and chip lines (Figure 23) which clock data and address information into selection, enabled by a port line from another peripheral chip. a shift register before writing it into the display. A DATA Note that in both these circuits, and any other multiple chip ACCEPTED flag output indicates when enough data has been systems of this kind, the 3 common lines must be separated for entered into the shift register, and enables the writing each group of digits or characters. Several displays organized operation. WRite pulses also reset the shift register and DATA in this manner are now available from some vendors (notable ACCEPTED flag. The two annunciator locations need not be Epson), and more are expected soon. filled, and clocking more data into the shift register than it can An example of the serial interface connection can be seen in accept causes an automatic reset. This minimizes the chance Figure 29 where a COPS420C microcomputer has been fitted of displaying incorrect information. with a 10-character alphanumeric LCD display. The display and The serial input format on the ICM7234 is similar (Figure 24) drivers can easily be located at some remote point in the system except that all bits need to be loaded into the shift register to and communicate with the microcomputer via the 4 data lines, determine the character code and location. Data to be written serial data, serial clock, WRITE 1, and WRITE 2. into nonexistent addresses is ignored. The microcomputer controls which character is being written The initial setup of the optimum display voltage, and its by sending the appropriate write pulse and by sending the digit variation with temperature, shown in Figure 21, is address bits. The last 3 bits in the string of 9 sent to the accommodated in the ICM7231/32/33/34 devices by ICM7234s are the digit address bits. Since the digit addressing separating the display driving voltage from the logic voltage, is sent with each data word, the display may be written in and also allowing the input signals to exceed the logic supply random access mode. in one direction. The display voltage can be controlled by the use of the ICL7663, as shown in Figure 25. Summary

The device pinouts are arranged to simplify the board layout of The display drivers mentioned here are examples of how CMOS display systems. The basic layout for the ICM7231 and a technology is being used to simplify the design of numeric and corresponding display, for example, is shown in Figure 26, and alphanumeric display systems. The method of driving (direct, the others are similar. multiplex, triplex) is not usually as important to a system designer as the questions regarding the type of display (LCD, The convenient interface with is indicated in LED, Vacuum Fluorescent, Gas Discharge), the size of display, Figure 27. Here the 8-bit bus of an MCS-48 microcomputer is and the number of digits or characters. The actual construction used to provide the 6 data bits and the 2 address bits for of display systems is easier now that there is a wide selection of writing to a series of 4-character drivers, the ICM7233. Port decoder/drivers from which to choose. lines select specific drivers via one of the CHIP SELECT lines, while the other provides WR cycle timing. A similar

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 15 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability

CHAR 4 CHAR 3 CHAR 2 CHAR 1 UVWXY Z UVWXYZ UVWXYZ UVWXYZ

SEGMENT LINE DRIVERS V+ 6 WIDE

ON CHIP OUTPUT VH DISPLAY LATCHES VOLTAGE 16 WIDE LEVEL GENERATOR 18 18 18 18 VL

18 VDISP PIN 2 (INPUT) DISPLAY TIMING GENERATOR CHARACTER DATA ADDRESS DECODER EN DECODER COM 1 ONE SHOT COMMON LINE COM 2 DRIVER COM 3 ADDRESS DATA INPUT EN INPUT EN LATCHES LATCHES

D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 A0 A1 CS1 CS2 ASCII DATA ADDRESS INPUTS INPUTS CHIP SELECT INPUTS FIGURE 16. ICM7233 FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 16 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability

TABLE 2. 6-BIT ASCII 18-SEGMENT FONT TABLE 2. 6-BIT ASCII 18-SEGMENT FONT (ICM7233, ICM7234) (ICM7233, ICM7234) (Continued) DISPLAY OUTPUT DISPLAY OUTPUT CODE INPUT D , D CODE INPUT D5, D4 5 4 D D D D 0, 0 0, 1 1, 0 1, 1 D3 D2 D1 D0 0, 0 0, 1 1, 0 1, 1 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1

0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0

0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1

0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0

0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

UVWXYZ COM 1

COM 2

COM 3 FIGURE 17A. SEGMENT LINE CONNECTIONS FIGURE 17B. COMMON LINE CONNECTIONS FIGURE 17. ICM7233 AND ICM7234 SEGMENT PATTERN 18-SEGMENT ALPHANUMERIC

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 17 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability

1 2 3 1´ 2´ 3´ VP = (V+) - VDISP + 1 2 3 1´ 2´ 3´ VH +VP COM 1 VP VL

VDISP ALL OFF 0

+ -VP VH COMMON LINE COM 2 WAVEFORMS VP VL V ==------V OFF RMS 3 RMS VDISP

+ ON CHIP +VP VH RESISTOR COM 3 STRING a ON VL + 0 g, d OFF VDISP ~75k -VP + VH b SEGMENT V LINE H ~75k +VP ALL OFF VL VL a, g ON VDISP 0 ~75k d OFF PIN 2 + VDISP a SEGMENT INPUT -VP ON VH , OFF a d VL 11 VP V V ==------ ------V ON DISP TYPICAL RMS 3 3 RMS SEGMENT LINE + WAVEFORMS (SEGMENT a, g ON V LINE “Y”) H +VP d OFF VL

VDISP ALL ON 0

+ V -VP ALL ON H VL VDISP VRMSON 11 Voltage Contrast Ratio ===------1.92 VRMSOFF 3

NOTES: NOTES: 1. 1, 2, 3, - Common High with Respect to Segment. 1. 1, 2, 3, - Common High with Respect to Segment. 2. 1´, 2´, 3´, - BP Low with Respect to Segment. 2. 1´, 2´, 3´, - Common Low with Respect to Segment. 3. COM 1 Active during 1, and 1´. 3. COM 1 Active during 1, and 1´. 4. COM 2 Active during 2, and 2´. 4. COM 2 Active during 2, and 2´. 5. COM 3 Active during 3, and 3´. 5. COM 3 Active during 3, and 3´.

FIGURE 18. DISPLAY VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS FIGURE 19. VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS ON SEGMENT

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 18 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability

0+

0-

100 6 o o TA = 25 C  = -10  = 0 90 5 80 PEAK VOLTAGE FOR 90% CONTRAST (ON)  = -30o 70 4 60

50 VOFF = 3 1.1VRMS  = +10o 40

PEAK VOLTAGE PEAK 2 CONTRAST (%) 30 PEAK VOLTAGE FOR 20 VON = 2.1V 1 10% CONTRAST (OFF) 10

0 0 01234 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 o APPLIED VOLTAGE (VRMS) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE ( C)

FIGURE 20. CONTRAST vs APPLIED RMS VOLTAGE FIGURE 21. TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF LC THRESHOLD

XYZ XZY

(NOTE)

SEGMENT LINE CONNECTIONS SEGMENT LINE CONNECTIONS

COM 1 a (NOTE) a COM 1 f b AN2 COM 2 g f b g COM 2 e c e AN1d AN2 c (NOTE) (NOTE) d AN1 (NOTE) COM 3 COMMON LINE CONNECTIONS COM 3 (“A” AND “B” SUFFIX VERSIONS) COMMON LINE CONNECTIONS “C” SUFFIX DEVICES

NOTE: Annunciators can be: STOP , GO , , -arrows that point to information printed around the display opening etc., whatever the designer display opening etc., whatever the designer chooses to incorporate in the liquid crystal display.

FIGURE 22. ICM7231 AND ICM7232 DISPLAY PATTERNS

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 19 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability

D10D9 D8 D7D6D5D4D3D2D1

XYZ XYZ XYZ XYZ XYZ XYZ XYZ XYZ XYZ XYZ

V+ SEGMENT LINE ON CHIP DRIVERS DISPLAY 3 WIDE VH VOLTAGE LEVEL OUTPUT GENERATOR LATCHES VL 9 WIDE VDISP PIN 2 (INPUT) 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

COM 1

COMMON LINE COM 2 DRIVERS DIGIT 9 ADDRESS EN COM 3 DECODER DATA DECODER SERIAL INPUT CONTROL LOGIC DISPLAY TIMING CLOCK GENERATOR AN1AN2 BD0 BD1 BD2 BD3 A0A1 A2 A3 DATA

SHIFT REGISTER DATA DATA WRITE DATA SHIFTS RIGHT TO LEFT INPUT CLOCK INPUT ACCEPTED ON RISING EDGE OF DATA CLOCK INPUT OUTPUT

FIGURE 23. ICM7232 FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 20 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability ODI t TENTH CLOCK WRITE NO WITH RESETS PULSE SR AND LOGIC ODH t DECODES AND STORES DECODES SHIFT RESETS DATA, LOGIC AND REGISTER ACCEPTED DATA WHEN IS LOW WP t A2 DATA VALID = DON’T CARE ODI t CWS t A1 DATA VALID 2 D2 A DATA VALID LAST ICM7234 ONE CHARACTER INPUT TIMING DIAGRAM WRITE

1 A 0 A FIGURE 24. 5 D D1 DATA VALID 4 D 3 DH D t 2 D 1 WLL D t D0 123 89 DS t DATA VALID 0 D RESETS SHIFT REGISTER SHIFT RESETS AND CONTROL LOGIC IF ACCEPTED IS HIGH DATA FIRST WRITE WP t WRITE ORDER WRITE INPUT DATA CLOCK INPUT DATA INPUT DATA ACCEPTED OUTPUT WRITE

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 21 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability

+5V

+VIN SEN VOUT1 VDD LOGIC VOUT2 1.8M SYSTEM, MUX’D LCD DISPLAY ICL7663 PROCESSOR, ETC. VSET 300k VTC ICM7233 SHDN GND 2.7M

VDISP

VSS

DATA BUS

FIGURE 25. DRIVING A MULTIPLEXED LCD DISPLAY

D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1

COM 1

COM 2

COM 3

XYZ XYZ XYZ XYZ XYZ XYZ XYZ XYZ

ICM7231AF/BF TOP VIEW

TO INPUT

FIGURE 26. PIN ORIENTATION AND DISPLAY CONNECTIONS

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 22 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability  DISP  200k V ADJ. 2N2222 6.8k BUS TO EXTERNAL AND MEMORY PERIPHERALS OTHER V+ V+ TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION  1M (NOTE) CS2 2 DISP V 39 1 CS2 38 A1 37 A0 35 D5 II TRIPLEX LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY II TRIPLEX LIQUID CRYSTAL ICM7233A 3-29 SS DD 30 36 V 36 D0 40 V 40 V+ GND CS2 2 DISP V 39 1 CS2 27 27 38 A1 37 A0 3-29 35 D5 ICM7233A NOTE: PULL-UP RECOMMENDED ON CS1 RECOMMENDED NOTE: PULL-UP SS DD 30 36 V 36 D0 40 V 40 V+ GND I/O PORT I/O PORT 2 PORT I/O WR RD 22 23 24 35 36 CC V P10 27 P17 34 P20 21 P26 37 P27 38 BUS DB0 12 DB7 19 40 8048/IM80C40 MICROCOMPUTER WITH 8-CHARACTER 16-SEGMENT FULL ASC 8048

SS PROG 26 V+ V+ PSEN 2 OSC1 3 OSC2 4 RESET 7 EA 1 TO 39 T1 6 INT 5 SS 20 V 119 25103 DD MICROCOMPUTER V ALE F V+  FIGURE 27. 1 + 20pF 20pF INPUTS 6MHz

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 23 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability V+ TO OTHER OF PARTS SYSTEM  1M A2 62 1 A0, A1 ICM7233AIPL D0-D5 1 A2 , 0 1 2 A A IQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY IQUIDCRYSTAL 6 ICM7233AIPL 5 -D 0 D 2 A 27 27 27 , 0 1 A A 621 ICM7233AIPL OTHER I/O 5 -D 0 D 1 2 CS DISP A 2 V 74LS00 CS 4 CONTROL COUNTER/TIMER / 27 , 1 0 1 A A 1 P7 DISPLAY STORAGE ENABLE STORAGE DISPLAY 1 P7 3-29 2 ADD 37,38 39 DISPLAY 87 621 SS DD MC6846 ROM-I/O-TIMER 5 30-35 DATA 18 17 36 V 36 40 V -D SS 0 21-28 PORT V D CC V+ CP2 35 CP2 34 CP1 CTC CTO 19 CTO CTG V+ 36 29 V 29 GND ICM7233AIPL IRQ 2-5, 16, 30-33, 38-40 30-33, 16, 2-5, ADDRESS 8-15 DATA E 20 CS0 6 R/W 7 DATA MC6502 WITH 16-CHARACTER MICROPROCESSOR 16-SEGMENT FULL ASCII L 8 16 V+ V+

35 5 E37 BUS VMA DATA 26-33 8 CC CC RE 36 V+ V V SB FIGURE 28. ADD 9-20 BUS 22-25 BUS 34 R/W SS MC6802 V 1.21 WITH RAM 4 39 EXTAL 39 XTAL 38 RESET 40 2 HALT MR 3 NMI 6 BA 7 IRQ MICROPROCESSOR  4MHz 10k V+ V+

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 24 of 26 1999 Display Driver Family Combines Convenience of Use with Microprocessor Interfaceability

10-CHARACTER TRIPLEXED LCD DISPLAY

33 33

ICM7234 ICM7234

S0 DATA IN VDISP VDISP SK CLOCK DATA IN COPS420C D0 WRITE CLOCK WRITE D1

FIGURE 29. 10-CHARACTER ALPHANUMERIC TRIPLEXED LCD DISPLAY WITH SERIAL MICROCOMPUTER INTERFACE

AN054 Rev 0.00 Page 25 of 26 1999

Notice 1. Descriptions of circuits, software and other related information in this document are provided only to illustrate the operation of semiconductor products and application examples. You are fully responsible for the incorporation or any other use of the circuits, software, and information in the design of your product or system. Renesas disclaims any and all liability for any losses and damages incurred by you or third parties arising from the use of these circuits, software, or information. 2. Renesas Electronics hereby expressly disclaims any warranties against and liability for infringement or any other claims involving patents, copyrights, or other intellectual property rights of third parties, by or arising from the use of Renesas Electronics products or technical information described in this document, including but not limited to, the product data, drawings, charts, programs, algorithms, and application examples. 3. No license, express, implied or otherwise, is granted hereby under any patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of Renesas Electronics or others. 4. You shall not alter, modify, copy, or reverse engineer any Renesas Electronics product, whether in whole or in part. Renesas Electronics disclaims any and all liability for any losses or damages incurred by you or third parties arising from such alteration, modification, copying or reverse engineering. 5. Renesas Electronics products are classified according to the following two quality grades: “Standard” and “High Quality”. The intended applications for each Renesas Electronics product depends on the product’s quality grade, as indicated below. "Standard": Computers; office equipment; communications equipment; test and measurement equipment; audio and visual equipment; home electronic appliances; machine tools; personal electronic equipment; industrial robots; etc. "High Quality": Transportation equipment (automobiles, trains, ships, etc.); traffic control (traffic lights); large-scale communication equipment; key financial terminal systems; safety control equipment; etc. Unless expressly designated as a high reliability product or a product for harsh environments in a Renesas Electronics data sheet or other Renesas Electronics document, Renesas Electronics products are not intended or authorized for use in products or systems that may pose a direct threat to human life or bodily injury (artificial life support devices or systems; surgical implantations; etc.), or may cause serious property damage (space system; undersea repeaters; nuclear power control systems; aircraft control systems; key plant systems; military equipment; etc.). Renesas Electronics disclaims any and all liability for any damages or losses incurred by you or any third parties arising from the use of any Renesas Electronics product that is inconsistent with any Renesas Electronics data sheet, user’s manual or other Renesas Electronics document. 6. When using Renesas Electronics products, refer to the latest product information (data sheets, user’s manuals, application notes, “General Notes for Handling and Using Semiconductor Devices” in the reliability handbook, etc.), and ensure that usage conditions are within the ranges specified by Renesas Electronics with respect to maximum ratings, operating power supply voltage range, heat dissipation characteristics, installation, etc. Renesas Electronics disclaims any and all liability for any malfunctions, failure or accident arising out of the use of Renesas Electronics products outside of such specified ranges. 7. Although Renesas Electronics endeavors to improve the quality and reliability of Renesas Electronics products, semiconductor products have specific characteristics, such as the occurrence of failure at a certain rate and malfunctions under certain use conditions. Unless designated as a high reliability product or a product for harsh environments in a Renesas Electronics data sheet or other Renesas Electronics document, Renesas Electronics products are not subject to radiation resistance design. You are responsible for implementing safety measures to guard against the possibility of bodily injury, injury or damage caused by fire, and/or danger to the public in the event of a failure or malfunction of Renesas Electronics products, such as safety design for hardware and software, including but not limited to redundancy, fire control and malfunction prevention, appropriate treatment for aging degradation or any other appropriate measures. Because the evaluation of microcomputer software alone is very difficult and impractical, you are responsible for evaluating the safety of the final products or systems manufactured by you. 8. Please contact a Renesas Electronics sales office for details as to environmental matters such as the environmental compatibility of each Renesas Electronics product. You are responsible for carefully and sufficiently investigating applicable laws and regulations that regulate the inclusion or use of controlled substances, including without limitation, the EU RoHS Directive, and using Renesas Electronics products in compliance with all these applicable laws and regulations. Renesas Electronics disclaims any and all liability for damages or losses occurring as a result of your noncompliance with applicable laws and regulations. 9. Renesas Electronics products and technologies shall not be used for or incorporated into any products or systems whose manufacture, use, or sale is prohibited under any applicable domestic or foreign laws or regulations. You shall comply with any applicable export control laws and regulations promulgated and administered by the governments of any countries asserting jurisdiction over the parties or transactions. 10. It is the responsibility of the buyer or distributor of Renesas Electronics products, or any other party who distributes, disposes of, or otherwise sells or transfers the product to a third party, to notify such third party in advance of the contents and conditions set forth in this document. 11. This document shall not be reprinted, reproduced or duplicated in any form, in whole or in part, without prior written consent of Renesas Electronics. 12. Please contact a Renesas Electronics sales office if you have any questions regarding the information contained in this document or Renesas Electronics products. (Note 1) “Renesas Electronics” as used in this document means Renesas Electronics Corporation and also includes its directly or indirectly controlled subsidiaries. (Note 2) “Renesas Electronics product(s)” means any product developed or manufactured by or for Renesas Electronics.

(Rev.4.0-1 November 2017)

SALES OFFICES http://www.renesas.com

Refer to "http://www.renesas.com/" for the latest and detailed information.

Renesas Electronics America Inc. 1001 Murphy Ranch Road, Milpitas, CA 95035, U.S.A. Tel: +1-408-432-8888, Fax: +1-408-434-5351 Renesas Electronics Canada Limited 9251 Yonge Street, Suite 8309 Richmond Hill, Ontario Canada L4C 9T3 Tel: +1-905-237-2004 Renesas Electronics Europe Limited Dukes Meadow, Millboard Road, Bourne End, Buckinghamshire, SL8 5FH, U.K Tel: +44-1628-651-700, Fax: +44-1628-651-804 Renesas Electronics Europe GmbH Arcadiastrasse 10, 40472 Düsseldorf, Germany Tel: +49-211-6503-0, Fax: +49-211-6503-1327 Renesas Electronics (China) Co., Ltd. Room 1709 Quantum Plaza, No.27 ZhichunLu, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 P. R. China Tel: +86-10-8235-1155, Fax: +86-10-8235-7679 Renesas Electronics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Unit 301, Tower A, Central Towers, 555 Langao Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200333 P. R. China Tel: +86-21-2226-0888, Fax: +86-21-2226-0999 Renesas Electronics Hong Kong Limited Unit 1601-1611, 16/F., Tower 2, Grand Century Place, 193 Prince Edward Road West, Mongkok, Kowloon, Hong Kong Tel: +852-2265-6688, Fax: +852 2886-9022 Renesas Electronics Taiwan Co., Ltd. 13F, No. 363, Fu Shing North Road, Taipei 10543, Taiwan Tel: +886-2-8175-9600, Fax: +886 2-8175-9670 Renesas Electronics Singapore Pte. Ltd. 80 Bendemeer Road, Unit #06-02 Hyflux Innovation Centre, Singapore 339949 Tel: +65-6213-0200, Fax: +65-6213-0300 Renesas Electronics Malaysia Sdn.Bhd. Unit 1207, Block B, Menara Amcorp, Amcorp Trade Centre, No. 18, Jln Persiaran Barat, 46050 Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia Tel: +60-3-7955-9390, Fax: +60-3-7955-9510 Renesas Electronics India Pvt. Ltd. No.777C, 100 Feet Road, HAL 2nd Stage, Indiranagar, Bangalore 560 038, India Tel: +91-80-67208700, Fax: +91-80-67208777 Renesas Electronics Korea Co., Ltd. 17F, KAMCO Yangjae Tower, 262, Gangnam-daero, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06265 Korea Tel: +82-2-558-3737, Fax: +82-2-558-5338

© 2018 Renesas Electronics Corporation. All rights reserved. Colophon 7.0