Table of Contents 1 Air Pump

Home , Citroen DS, Ligier, Ligier JS2, Maserati Quattroporte, Matra, Weber carburetor

Table of Contents 1 Air Pump...... 1 2 Books...... 2 2.1 Books dedicated to the SM...... 2 2.2 See also...... 4 3 Camshaft wear...... 5 4 Car Serial Numbers...... 6 5 Carburetors...... 8 6 Carburetor Specs...... 9 7 Carburetor Jetting...... 10 8 Carburetor Types...... 11 9 Weber Carburetor Parts Sources...... 12 10 Coefficient of Drag...... 13 10.1 See also...... 13 11 Colors and Color Codes...... 14 11.1 Manufacured percent by color...... 14 11.2 See also...... 15 12 D-Jetronic...... 16 12.1 Issues...... 16 12.2 See also...... 16 13 Driveshafts...... 17 13.1 See also...... 17 14 Engine Serial Numbers...... 18 14.1 Models...... 18 14.2 Technical Notes and Engine Revisions...... 18 14.3 Other information to fold in...... 19 14.4 See also...... 20 15 Identification...... 21 15.1 Car Serial number...... 21 15.2 Engine type and number...... 21 15.3 Color identification...... 21 16 Intermittent Wipers...... 23 16.1 See also...... 23 17 Lumenition...... 24 17.1 Background...... 24 17.2 Notes...... 24 17.3 Problem Areas...... 24 18 Magazine Articles...... 25 18.1 Web articles...... 25 19 Manuals...... 26 20 "All Citroen" (not just SM) manuals by number...... 27 21 Characteristics, Adjustments, Inspections, Checks, and Testing (581-1)...... 28 22 Engine repair guide (581-3)...... 29 23 Electricity, Climate, Carburetion, Lighting (581-4a)...... 30 24 Carrosserie [Body] (581-5)...... 31 25 SM Parts List (584)...... 32 26 Technical Data Manual (589-7)...... 33 27 SM (and DS) notes (595)...... 34 28 SM Parts List (612)...... 35 29 Tech data for SM series SB 1972 (614-7)...... 36 30 Manual for SM types SB-SC (2.7L Carb and Injection.) (639)...... 37 31 Fuel Injection Technical Manual (639-7)...... 38 32 Parts Manual, part 2 (642)...... 39

i Table of Contents 33 Service Bulletins...... 40 34 Owner's Manual...... 41 35 Salesman's Guide (US)...... 42 36 Original Sales Destinations...... 43 36.1 Total Sold...... 43 36.2 Totals by Continent...... 43 36.3 Total by Country...... 43 37 Other SM Websites...... 46 37.1 Pages for specific types of sites...... 46 37.2 General SM Sites...... 46 37.3 Owner Sites...... 46 37.4 Parts...... 46 37.5 General Suppliers...... 46 37.6 Other Link Pages...... 46 37.7 Non SM Sites with pages or sections about the SM...... 46 37.8 Sites where SMs have been spotted for sale...... 47 37.9 Relevant but Non-SM Sites...... 47 37.10 Dead Sites...... 47 37.11 See also (Other types of sites with their own page)...... 47 38 Production Numbers...... 48 38.1 Production Numbers...... 48 38.2 Ligier...... 48 39 Related Vehicles...... 50 40 Maserati Merak (1972-1976)...... 51 41 Maserati Quattroporte II (1974-1978)...... 52 42 Lotus Esprit (up to 1987)...... 53 43 Ligier JS2 (1971-1977)...... 54 44 Matra (something)...... 55 45 Transmission...... 56 45.1 Specifications...... 56 45.2 Modifications...... 56 45.3 See also...... 56 46 V-8 Engine...... 57 47 Videos...... 58 47.1 Drives...... 58 47.2 Working on...... 58 47.3 From Movies...... 58 47.4 Reviews/Commentary...... 58 47.5 See also...... 58 48 Why you should drive your SM...... 59 48.1 Drive your SM!...... 59 48.2 Wearing down your car by not using it...... 59 48.3 After the major overhaul...... 59 48.4 Breaking Exhaust Valves...... 59 48.5 Running hot?...... 59 48.6 Solid replacement...... 59 48.7 Literature...... 59

ii 1 Air Pump

All US-spec cars have period typical additional combusting exhaust headers. US-spec cars have "manifolds" that have inlets that are connected to a belt-driven air pump, also known as a smog pump. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_injection_reactor for details about the theory. These could glow red-hot sometimes in normal operation which requires caution. If I understand correctly, the shields could become soaked with oil dripping from the valve covers and this could lead to "unintended external combustion". Drip trays which carry away any spilt oil were therefore fitted as standard, cliping to the rocker covers. The pump can be removed quite easily and the inlets to the manifolds can be capped with a standard iron 1/2" threaded pipe cap. If you remove the pump you will wish to consider rejetting the carburetors to Euro-spec. Use an emissions tested to verify CO. 2% is the specified maximum, and reportedly 1% is easily achievable.

1 2 Books (Note that each ISBN links to a multi-site book search page) 2.1 Books dedicated to the SM 2.1.1 Sa Majeste

Sa Majeste

• Peter Pijlman

2.1.2 Citroen SM: de diva • Peter Pijlman • (Dutch lang?) • ISBN 908036021X 2.1.3 SM: Citroen's Maserati-engined Supercar

• Brian Long • ISBN 9781904788607 • http://www.veloce.co.uk/shop/products/productDetail.php?prod_id=V360

2.1.4 Citroen SM 1970-75-Limited Edition

• R.M. Clarke • ISBN 1855200546 • ISBN 1855205793

2.1.5 La SM Citroen

2 La SM Citroen

• Oliver de Serres, publ. ETAI • ISBN 272688296X

2.1.6 Citroen SM

Citroen SM 2.7

• Jeff Daniels • ISBN 085045381X

2.1.7 Citroen CX und SM. 1970 - 1989

Citroen CX und SM. 1970 - 1989

• Ulrich Knaack • ISBN 978-3613872462

2.1.8 Citroen SM

Citroen SM

• (sometimes listed as "SM Citroen") • Jan P. Norbye

2.1.9 SM 1970-1975 • Fabien Sabates (French) (compilation of magazine articles)

2.1.10 Citroen SM - Roadtests, Articles and Adverts • Trevor Adler (Editor) • Transport Source Books

2.1.11 Citroen SM

3 • Tous Les Modeles (70/75) N 19 • ISBN 9782726899052

2.2 See also • Manuals • Magazine Articles • http://www.semantics.uk.com/gallery/literature/book.htm

4 3 Camshaft wear The Citroen SM camshafts are classic 70's flat tappet cams which require special attention. Since the early 90's, due to EPA requirements, an important additive has been removed from all off the shelf oils available at your store, ZDDP. This additive was designed to protect the flat tappet cam, unfortunately, it shortens the life of catalytic converters. So the solution was to remove ZDDP from the oils since modern day engines use roller camshafts. The unsuspecting SM owner buying the best available synthetic oil will in fact be contributing to the demise of the camshaft lobes, unless a ZDDP additive is added to the synthetic oil. (See http://www.zddplus.com for further details.)

5 4 Car Serial Numbers

Year/Month Month Serial Numbers Notes

1970-10 September SB0003 -> SB0175

1970-11 October SB0175 -> SB0350

1970-11 November SB0350 -> SB0550

1970-12 December SB0550 -> SB1000

1971-01 January SB1000 -> SB1500

1971-02 February SB1500 -> SB2050

1971-03 March SB2050 -> SB2600

1971-04 April SB2600 -> SB3000

1971-05 May SB3000 -> SB3600

1971-06 June SB3600 -> SB4050

1971-07 July SB4050 -> SB4775

1971-08 August -

1971-09 September SB4775 -> SB5375

1971-10 October SB5375 -> SB5600

1971-11 November SB5600 -> SB6000

1971-12 December SB6000 -> SB6450

1972-01 January SB6450 -> SB6975

1972-02 February SB6975 -> SB8300

1972-03 March SB8300 -> SB8900

1972-04 April SB8900 -> SB9200

1972-05 May SB9200 -> SB9700

1972-06 June SB9700 -> SB9999

Anticipated to be sold in 1972-07 July SD0001 -> SD0007 France

1972-07 July 01SB001 -> 01SB0100 US/Canada

1972-08 August -

1972-09 September SC0300 -> SC0550

1972-09 September 01SB0100 -> 01SB0225 US/Canada

1972-10 October SC0100 -> SC0300 Selling delayed

1972-10 October SC0550 -> SC0800

1972-10 October SD0020 -> SD0150 US/Canada

1972-11 November SC0800 -> SC1200

1972-11 November SD0150 -> SD0250

1972-12 December SC1200 -> SC1450

1972-12 December SD0250 -> SD0450

1973-01 January SC1450 -> SC1600

1973-01 January SD0450 -> SD0650 US/Canada

1973-02 February SC1600 -> SC1750

6 Anticipated to be sold in 1973-02 February SD0008 -> SD0020 France

1973-02 February SD0650 -> SD0850 US/Canada

1973-03 March SC1750 -> SC1900

1973-03 March SD0850 -> SD1035 US/Canada

1973-03 March SD1035 -> SD1075 US/Canada

1973-04 April SC1900 -> SC2000

1973-04 April SD1075 -> SD1300 US/Canada

1973-05 May SC2000 -> SC2250

1973-05 May SD1300 -> SD1450 US/Canada

1973-06/07 June/July SC2250 -> SC2800

Anticipated to be sold in 1973-06/07 June/July SD1020 -> SD1035 France

1973-08 August -

1973-09 September SC2800 -> SC2975

1973-09 September SD1550 -> SD1800

1973-10 October SC2975 -> SC3125

1973-11/12 November/December SC3125 -> SC3325

1973-11/12 November/December SD1450 -> SD1500 US/Canada

1974-01 January-February SC3325 -> SC3500

1974-03 March SD1800 -> SD1950

1974-04 April SC3500 -> SC3575

1974-05 May SC3575 -> SC3650

1975-01 January SC4000 -> SC4020

1975-02 February SC4020 -> SC4030

1975-03 March SC4030 -> SC4050

1975-04 April SC4050 -> SC4070

1975-05 May SC4070 -> SC4090

1975-06 June SC4090 -> SC4115 -- from Citroen SM 2.7, Jeff Daniels

7 5 Carburetors

8 6 Carburetor Specs The carbureted SM has three Weber 42 DCNF carbs. On my 1972 they are the four-bolt version (not the five-bolt version) Brucem 18:34, 1 October 2009 (UTC)

9 7 Carburetor Jetting

42 42 42 DCNF DCNF 42 DCNF 42 DCNF 42 DCNF 42 42 DCNF Count DCNF 2 16 2/M 26/2 26M/2 30 DCNF 44 English German Francais Italian Quant. C114/1 C114/1 C114/1 C114/11 C114/12 C114/13 31-32 AM From From From From From From Merak 114/53/30 100.000 150.000 200.000 350.000 400.000 450.000 3L

Number of top cover n/a 4 ? 5 5 5 5 4 ? bolts

Main Venturi Zerstäuber Diffusor Diffusore 2 32 32 32 36 36 36 36 36

Aux Centeur de Venturi Gemisch-Austrittsrohr melange Centatore 2 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5

Gicleur Getto Main Jet Hauptdüse principal principale 2 1.3 1.3 1.25 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

Emulsion Tube d Tube Mischrohr emulsion Emulsionatore 2 F25 F25 F25 F25 F25 F25 F25 A25

Air Calibreur d Corrector Luftkorrekturdüse air d Correttore 2 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 135 Jet automaticite Getto d'Aria

Gicleur de Idle Jet Leerlaufdüse ralenti Getto minimo 2 0.5 0.45 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.65

Accelerator Düse Injecteur de Getto Pompa Pump Jet Beschleunigerpumpe pompe Acceleratore 1 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4

Gicleur de Getto Starter Jet Starterdüse reprise avviamento 2 F7/80 F7/80 F7/80 F7/80 F7/80 F7/80 F7/80 110/F7

Float Needle Schwimmernadelventil Pointeau Valvola a 1 1.75 1.75 1.75 2 2 2 2 2 Valve farfalla

Accelerator Pompa Pump Beschleunigerpumpe Acceleratore 1 1 1 1

Idle Air Calibreur d air 2? Nozzle Leerlaufluftdüse de ralenti 1.3 1.35 1.35 1.35

10 8 Carburetor Types Picture of four-screw carb gasket

Picture of five-screw carb gasket

11 9 Weber Carburetor Parts Sources Jets, parts, manuals

• If you're looking for jets, tools, other parts...consider Pierce Manifolds in Gilroy (California). They have most parts. • Rebuild kits (for the four-bolt) are available cheaply here: http://www.webercarbsdirect.com/product_p/92.1094.05.htm As of 10/09 he had 24 kits in stock. Obviously you need three per car. Brucem 18:34, 1 October 2009 (UTC)

• http://stores.ebay.com/ALFA1750S-CARBURETORS-PARTS-STORE

12 10 Coefficient of Drag • The SM was reported at launch by Citroen to have a Cd of 0.25. Very extensive wind tunnel work was done on the car, uniquely for it's period. Amongst other things, airflow under the bonnet was tested in the wind tunnel.

• It was revised some years later to 0.339, which is the commonly accepted number. • Note that this a great number even by todays standards. 10.1 See also • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_drag_coefficients

13 11 Colors and Color Codes Body Paint Colors

The following colors were used (by courtesy of the SM Club de France):

Color Code Color Name In English

AC525 Vert des tropiques Green

AC318 Sable métallisé Gold

AC319 Feuille dorée Lemon yellow

as option pavillon (roof) Gris AC424 Rouge de Rio Red nacré

AC088 Blanc Meije White

AC632 Bleu Platine Platinum Blue

AC095 Gris nacré Grey as option pavillon (roof) noir

AC200 Noir Black

AC427 Brun scarabée Brown

AC527 Vert argenté Green

AC426 Rouge de Grenade Maroon

AC616 Bleu d'Orient Oriental Blue

AC637 Bleu de Bregançon Blue

AC326 Or de Simiane Gold

AC085 Beige Tholonet Beige

AC082 Gris Largentière Grey

AC640 Bleu Delta métallisé Metallic Blue

AC430 Brun Roquebrune Orange-Brown

11.1 Manufacured percent by color

Color 1971 1972 1973 1974

Vert des tropiques 16 % 9 % - -

Sable métallisé 20 % 18 % - -

Feuille dorée 21 % - - -

Rouge de Rio 4 % - - -

Blanc Meije 13 % 14 % 12 % 7 %

Bleu Platine 11 % - - -

Gris nacré 14 % 15 % 13 % -

Noir 1 % 1 % 1 % 1 %

Brun scarabée - 16 % 19 % 16 %

Vert argenté - 18 % 8 % 7 %

Rouge de Grenade - 4 % - -

Bleu d'Orient - 4 % 3 % -

Bleu de Bregançon - - 10 % -

Or de Simiane - - 16 % 13 %

Beige Tholonet - - 20 % 10 %

14 Gris Largentière - - - 19 %

Bleu Delta métallisé - - - 12 %

Brun Roquebrune - - - 15 % This information was sent by Jörgen Moquist, taken from a from an article of a SM special issue of the monthly Swedish Citroën club magazine: Autogenial number 47, March 1988, by Olle Neckman, Inger Ljungdahl, and Hans Ehrich. 11.2 See also • http://www.k2.dion.ne.jp/~m_lucky/Citroen_SM_Character.htm -- nice color representations at bottom • http://autos.groups.yahoo.com/group/Sport-Maserati-L/files/Paint%20color%20codes/ ♦ Paint formulas/formulations/codes for Du Pont Lucite, Ditzler Lacquer, Acme Acrylic Lacquer, Acme Acrylic Enamel ♦ original Citroen specifications

15 12 D-Jetronic D-Jetronic was developed by Bosch as early as the sixties. Citroën had already been using it for the DS IE, and launched the SM IE with it in 1972 (1973 Model Year). The 'D' in D-Jetronic stands for "Drück" and it's a Speed-density system, meaning that no air flow meter is required. Instead a MAP (Manifold Absolute Pressure) sensor is used to measure load. Speed-Density systems are quite common even today. The ECU is competely analog and is a pretty sturdy unit. Injectors are low impedance, requiring ballast resistors in the ECU. The D-Jetronic system is good for what it is. The primary issue with the system is that it does not use a lambda sensor, and cannot compensate for wear on the engine and sensors. D-Jetronic uses seven sensors. Faults in either of these sensors will yield different running problems:

• Coolant temperature sensor • Air temperature sensor • Ignition trigger (located in the bottom of the distributor) • Manifold absolute pressure sensor (behind the hydraulic reservoir) • Full load sensor (on the firewall) • A throttle opening rate sensor, controlling acceleration enrichment. A second sensor on the other bank is not connected to the injection system and solely controls the secondary butterfly opening and closing. The computer itself generally does not fail.

Cars after February 15 1973 were fitted with a new and safer two piece fuel rail. Earlier models were fitted with a four piece fuel rail. 12.1 Issues • NEVER start or run the car with the original Bosch 0 280 150 003 injectors. Replace immediately with 0 280 150 043. YOU HAVE BEEN WARNED. The original injectors leak internally, and can lead to catastrophic fire. • NEVER run the car with the original external fabric sheath fuel pipe, however good it looks. Replace every piece if present with modern fuel injection piping. YOU HAVE BEEN WARNED. • The ECU may go lean when the engine is very hot. Check the thermostat cover bleed pipe is clear. • A larger/modern alternator (see Alternator) makes the car run much better, even though the fuel computer can operate as low as 5V, as the car will be charging even at idle. • Check that the cooling fans have not dropped a magnet internally (e.g. both take the same current). This can be characterised by a sharp crack when they turn on. A failed magnet causes much more current draw, lowering the voltage avalable at idle. 12.2 See also • http://members.rennlist.com/pbanders/ -- lots of pages about the D-Jetronic

16 13 Driveshafts • Originally Double-Hooke style • Tech bulletin about replacement with RZEPPA ♦ Rzeppa Driveshaft Tech Bulletin • RZEPPA style available ♦ also reproduced (need source) ♦ a definite improvement • First batch of aftermarket RZEPPA driveshafts could not mount Resin wheels. ♦ Citroen version and later batches did not have this problem 13.1 See also • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_joint • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constant-velocity_joint

17 14 Engine Serial Numbers (I know that this has major errors, but it's a start) -- Brucem 05:08, 19 August 2008 (UTC) 14.1 Models

Type Serial Number Size Fuel Trans Destinations Notes

C114/1 200.xxx? 2670 cc Carbs Manual (all)

C114/3 2670 cc IE Manual ?

C114/11 2995 cc ? Auto Europe

C114/04/1 2995 cc Carbs Manual USA / Canada

C114/12 2995 cc Carbs Manual USA / Canada

C114/04/2 2995 cc Carbs Auto USA / Canada

C114/13 2995 cc Carbs Auto USA / Canada

Merak SS 520.xxx Carbs (all)

Merak SS 600.xxx Carbs (all) 14.2 Technical Notes and Engine Revisions Note that the dates represent the date of the Technical Note, which may be months after the change was made on the assembly line.

Serial Number Modification Technical Note Date of Note

100.001 - 103.567 old oil pressure valve TM 799/71 1971-10-13

103.568 new oil pressure valve TM 799/71 1971-10-13

105.503 old chain guiding TM 724/72 1972-03-29

106.289 oil inlet support TR 1206/73 1973-01-24

106.446 engine ventilation TR 419/72 1972-04-19

106.964 chain tensioner TR 423/72 1972-04-19

106.469 - 106.963 intermediate solution 5mm pin chain tensioner 1972-04-19

106.789 cylinder headgasket 5 420 933 TM 736/72 1972-04-24

107.096 valve springs 5 405 730 Repairers Guide I

107.097 valve springs 5 420 009 Repairers Guide I

R 108.570 waterpump gasket TR 1250/74 1974-11-19

150.001 - 150.122 engine ventilation (from 1972-01) TR 419/72 1972-04-19

150.122 chain tensioner TR 423/72 1972-04-24

150.122 cylinder headgasket 5 420 933 TM 736/72 1972-04-24

150.122 oil inlet support TR 1206/73 1973-01-24

R 150.253 waterpump gasket TR 1250/74 1974-11-19

200.233 oil inlet support (from 1972-01) TR 1206/72 1973-01-24

200.233 engine ventilation TR 419/72 1972-04-19

200.263 chain tensioner TR 423/72 1972-04-19

200.233 - 200.262 intermediate solution 5mm pin chain tensioner 1972-04-19

200.263 cylinderhead gasket 5 420 933 TM 736/72 1972-04-24

200.580 oil inlet support (from 1972-04) TR 1206/72 1973-01-24

200.620 valve springs 5 420 009 Repairers Guide I

250.005 engine ventilation TR 419/72 1972-04-19

18 250.005 oil inlet ... ('oelansaugsieb') TR 1206/72 1972-01-24

250.045 chain tensioner TR 423/72 1972-04-19

250.005 - 250.044 intermediate solution 5mm pin chain tensioner 1972-04-19

250.037 cylinder headgasket 5 420 933 TR 736/72 1972-04-24

250.362 oil inlet support (from 1972-04) TR 1206/72 1973-01-24

250.483 oil inlet support (from 1972-10) TR 1206/72 1973-01-24

300.001 valve springs 5 434 449 Repairers Guide I

300.150 oil inlet support TR 1206/73 1973-01-24

301.749 valve springs 5 445 235 Repairers Guide I

301.893 oilsump sealing TR 1252/73 1973-07-13

301.626 cylinderhead gasket TR 1253/73 1973-07-13

301.881 main bearing TR 1270/73 1973-12-19

302.945 bigend dimension TR 1270/73 1973-12-19

303.344 waterpump gasket TR 1250/74 1974-11-19

350.001 development TR 1270/73 1973-12-19

350.159 main bearing TR 1270/73 1973-12-19

350.151 gudgeon pin TR 1270/73 1973-12-19

350.177 bigend dimension TR 1270/73 1973-12-19

400.001 valve springs 5 434 449 Repairers Guide I

400.466 valve springs 5 445 235 Repairers Guide I

400.534 oilsump sealing TR 1252/73 1973-07-13

400.623 cylinderhead gasket TR 1253/73 1973-07-13

400.649 waterpump gasket TR 1250/74 1974-11-19

400.551 crankshaft and block

400.339 piston pins

400.631 oil inlet support

450.001 valve springs 5 434 449 Repairers Guide I

450.508 valve springs 5 445 235 Repairers Guide I

450.546 oilsump sealing TR 1252/73 1973-07-13

450.639 cylinderhead gasket TR 1253/73 1973-07-13

450.664 waterpump gasket TR 1250/74 1974-11-19

450.590 crankshaft and block

450.408 piston pins

450.639 oil inlet support

450.687 camshaft chain 14.3 Other information to fold in • Question -- How to fold in John's comment:

The first part is incorrect: 200.xxx is 2.7 liter manual transmission; 250.xxx is 2.7 liter automatic transmission irrespective of date of manufacture; similarly 400.xxx and 450.xxx

I don't see a engine type for 2.7 Auto... -- Brucem

• Just saw this post of Andrew's after this work. Needs to be folded in, will perhaps result in table reorganizations:

A & B rods are interchangeable, as are ALL rods within weight classes.

19 Engine numbers. 100.999 2.7 Carb Europe 200.999 2.7 US Manual 250.999 2.7 US Auto 300.999 2.7 Inj all types 350.999 3.0L Auto Europe 400.999 3.0L US 5 Spd 450.999 3.0L US Auto 500.999 3.0L Merak 520.999 3.0L Merak SS There are only really 2 types of engine regardless of number. SS and the rest. 2.7L Carb, have unique cams. 2.7Inj, 3.0L Carb, SS cams are identical. Early 2.7L heads are slightly different to later engines but can be used on later engines though not ideal. There are lots of very minor changes to the heads thereafter, but if valve spring assemblies are retained with the head it will serve on any engine except SS. Block, crank, pistons, valves & heads, rocker covers, from SS are not interchangeable with other engines. There are really only two sizes of piston for 2.7, and ditto 3.0L. The other classes are only 0.39 thou from nominal. These are standard, & 8 thou oversize. Piston pins are 2 classes but differ by only 0.01 thou. Two piston weights 2.7L 411gm, 3.0L 470gm. Both +/-3gm. Strengthened blocks were introduced from 301.881; 350.159; 400.551; 450.590 Some very late 2.7L carbs additionally. The crank is modified to suit. Modified 3.0L pistons from 350.151; 400.339; 450.405. Final 'B' rods fitted from 302.945; 350.177 * * Mandatory on repair / late oil pump relief valve from 302.029; 350.171; 400.631; 450.639 Mk 2 water pump seal from 303.344; * 400.649; 450.664

* = missing data : supply if you can.

• From David Hume according to my records the SM 3.0 engines used in the Merak in the US market ended in the C114.51.30 600.000 range with some late updates but no domed pistons and big valves.The 610.000 C114.55.30 was the start of the SS engines here.Europe could have had something different.I have seen Ligier Engines numbered C114.01.03 that had big valves , domed pistons and regular cam covers,not in the US but in France.

• More from Andrew

114.53.30 520.023 And it's an SS. 14.4 See also • Identification • http://www.maserati.org.au/restoration/rest05_merak_oct97.html -- Small list of Maserati engine numbers

20 15 Identification

If you want to know what kind of SM you are dealing with, you need to check three numbers. We show you where to look and the meaning of the numbers:

• the car serial number. • the engine type and serial number. • the color number. 15.1 Car Serial number The serial number of the car is located next to the engine on the RHS of the body:

Please refer to the list of serial numbers for more details. 15.2 Engine type and number The engine type and number of the engine is located below the distributor:

See Engine Serial Numbers The USA (and Canada?) models included emission adjustments such as an airpump. Please refer to the list of engine numbers for more details. 15.3 Color identification The color of the SM is identified using a number, which starts with AC - just like other Citroën cars, if not all.

21 The color identification is close to the car identification. See Colors and Color Codes for more details.

22 16 Intermittent Wipers How do the intermittent wipers work? Why is there is no timer setting...

The control unit is in the steering column. The first "electronic" wiper to be used on a production car. (Citation needed) On the intermittent setting, it "reads" the resistance between the wiper blade and the windscreen and adjusts the interval accordingly. It does this by passing the motor current through a small spiral of magnetic resistance wire next to a magnet. When the screen is wet, there is a low load on the motor and so the wire does not heat up and the circuit is left intact (so the wipers continue working nonstop). When the screen becomes dryer, the load on the wiper motor increases, requiring more current through the circuit and thus heating the wire past its Curie point. The wire moves away from the magnet which breaks the circuit via an attached contact point and stops the wipers until the wire cools down, re-magnetises, moves against the magnet and starts the wiper again. The drier the windscreen, the higher the load on the motor, and thus the frequency of cut-out increases. 16.1 See also • http://www.citroensmaustralia.com/maintenance/WindscreenWiperControlCircuit.htm • http://www.citroensmaustralia.com/maintenance/WindscreenWiperService.htm • http://www.citroensmaustralia.com/maintenance/WindscreenWiperService2.htm

23 17 Lumenition

17.1 Background I initiated, paid for the development and had project control of the Lumenition system. It was done under contract for my original company, Hypertronics Ltd. Lumenition was the 'big survivour' in aftermarket electronic ignition kits in Europe, and supplies both racing professionals and NATO forces. The requirements were- Full contactless electronic ignition. No modification to car. Easy to install. These all remain true. Citroen had long since abandoned the early bakelite four paddle rotor, so the later 3 paddle modern plastic unit was standardised on. A kit was designed, and comes complete with all parts needed to install, including a chassis earth wire, as the wing on an SM is not always well earthed. -- (Transcribed from a Sport-Maserati-L post from) Andrew Brodie 17.2 Notes • If you have a working set of contact breakers properly set, with the timing perfect, the Lumenition unit will simply 'drop in' and the ignition timing will be easily accurate enough to start and run the car, though of course it must be checked and reset precisely as soon as possible. It was designed this way deliberately.

• Thus, if you tune up your car correctly, you can fit the Lumenition, and place the original breakers, breaker wires and condensers in a bag with a small screwdriver in the boot(trunk) for instant reversion in the unlikely event of failure. The distributor should be well greased while installing, particularly on injection cars and those that are not used very regularly.

• The Lumenition is bench tested and synchronised to less than 1 degree at the flywheel. It provides a superior spark using the standard coil. The rev counter works correctly. Apart from a timing re-check at say 100 miles to confirm installation and a visual check at major services for standard distributor problems having developed and the lenses being reasonably clean (it is actually VERY resistant to dirty lenses) it is maintenance free.

• The Lumenition system will 'cover up' faults in the distributor such as incorrect centrifugal advance but to work properly it expects the distributor to be in full working order. This is not at all difficult to achieve if yours is worn, it is simple enough to repair in most cases.

• You can use the Lumenition system with coils that do not have an external resistor. They must be 'traditional' coils, not 'sports' coils. The point being that they must NOT be very low resistance. 'Sports' coils attempt a larger spark by requiring a higher contact breaker current and trade reduced contact life for bigger spark. The Lumenition has the reserve to switch standard coils but is not guaranteed safe on 'sports' items. They do sell a 'performance' upgrade if you feel it will be worth the price! 17.3 Problem Areas (All minor)

• Very very early distributors are shallower than all the rest, and to fit the Lumenition 'cassette' about 1/8" needs to be removed from the lower end of the cassette. This is done neatly by sawing it flat immediately below the lower locating peg, removing the angled peg shoulders.

• If I had come from a hot country I would have decided on a different installation position to the top of the LH wing. I therefore now recommend fitting further rearwards and lower closer to the LHM tank. A simple aluminum bracket/carrier can be made up to locate the modules. I originally reasoned that the wheel air turbulence would cool the units at all times when moving. But of course the real problem is in stationary traffic!

• Rarely the 3-wire plug/plug contacts cause difficulty by going open/high resistance. ♦ Prevent this by mating/demating them a couple of times then grease and mate. ♦ I tried to get Lumenition to replace the contacts with Gold ones but they never did, probably because any improvement would be marginal over the existing Rhodium.

• The Lumenition units do not switch below about 8V. You must therefore ensure that your wiring is clean and that the supply to the system is good. Poor wiring can lead to bad hot starting with the system.

• When switched on and off the Lumenition delivers a full spark, just as does a standard contact breaker system. This is ONLY a problem if you have other defects that inhibit imediate starting. ♦ Due to the much better spark this can lead to involuntary (!!) demounting of the injection manifolds on that one day of the year when the cold start injector puts just exactly the right amount of fuel on the 'surface evaporation' plate. ♦ (My Citroen DS23 IE used to do this TWICE a year on STANDARD breakers!!). ♦ both DS injection and SM injection are prone to this problem: ◊ the injection plenum or plenums are mounted, on one side, to the injection headers by rubber tubes. A small lip inside the tubes separates the tubes of the plenum from the injection header by 2 or 3 mm. ◊ the plenum is mounted, on its other side by rubber mount(s). ◊ the plenum is thus isolated electrically from the engine ◊ Spark plug leads in poor condition can leak current to the plenum. When the cold start injector operates, the plenum contains fuel vapour. If current leaks from the ignition to the plenum, a spark may jump internally from one plenum tube to the corresponding injection header.... ◊ Explosions in the plenum can be averted by attaching a wire (lighting flex gauge should be sufficient) from some point on the plenum to some point on the engine.

24 18 Magazine Articles

See http://www.semantics.uk.com/gallery/literature/contemporary.htm for an excellent list. 18.1 Web articles • http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/motoring/classic-cars/citroen-sm-503879.html • The Age, April 26, 2007 ♦ http://westnet.drive.com.au/Editorial/ArticleDetail.aspx?ArticleID=38207&vf=3 • Motor Trend, on 2005 Goodwood Festival. Includes pics of SM Opera Limousine ♦ http://www.motortrend.com/auto_shows/events/112_0506_2005_goodwood_festival_of_speed/index.html • http://www.antiquecar.com/gc_citroen_sm.php ♦ "Great Classic Cars" • http://www.topgear.com/content/timetoburn/sections/galleries/other/100_sexiestcars/85/ ♦ Top Gear considers this the #17 sexiest car ever... • http://www.breithaupts.com/colcar.htm ♦ 1972 Citroen SM vs. Oldsmobile Toronado • http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9903E3DE1E31F931A35752C0A96E958260 ♦ Interview with Motor Trend's editor about picking of cars for Car of Year (SM mentioned in passing) • http://www.conceptcarz.com/vehicle/z13879/Citroen_SM.aspx ♦ (Very nice pictures) • http://www.autozine.org/Classiccar/html/Citroen/SM.html ♦ (short, but a nice selection of pictures) • http://www.telegraph.co.uk/motoring/main.jhtml?xml=/motoring/2008/03/14/mfcars4.xml ♦ UK Telegraph: "#35 most beautiful car of all time" • http://www.autoswalk.com/news/article/14/116.html ♦ World's Greatest Cars • http://www.topspeed.com/cars/citroen/1970-1975-citroen-sm-ar15792.html • http://www.netcarshow.com/citroen/1972-sm/ • http://www.netcarshow.com/citroen/1972-sm_presidential/ • http://www.netcarshow.com/citroen/1971-sm_automat/ ♦ (pics and wallpapers) • #77 on Channel 4's list ♦ http://www.channel4.com/4car/gallery/gallery.jsp?id=17&page=5 • http://www.hemmings.com/hmn/stories/2009/03/01/hmn_feature9.html?t=printable ♦ Nice article about the SM • http://www.hemmings.com/magazine/hsx/2016/05/The-Mother-of-Invention---1973-Citro-euml-n-SM/3749683.html ♦ Hemmings article on restoration of a neglected SM Injection • http://www.hemmings.com/magazine/hmn/2016/02/Oldsmobile-Toronado-GT-vs--Citro-euml-n-SM/3749425.html ♦ Comparison of Citroen SM to Oldsmobile Toronado - only two FWD GT available in 1971 USA • http://blog.hemmings.com/index.php/2013/10/23/maserati-vs-citroen-on-the-cover-what-could-possibly-go-wrong-besides-everything/ ♦ Hemmings cover story on Merak vs. SM

25 19 Manuals (Intent here is a table/list of Citroen manual numbers and names)

26 20 "All Citroen" (not just SM) manuals by number • https://sites.google.com/site/citroenpublicationslist/ This is the main index to the manuals in a dropbox.

• http://www.citroen-ds-id.com/index.html?gen/Gen_Cit_Manuals.html This page is outdated as it points to Tony's original pages. Get the actual files from the above link.

27 21 Characteristics, Adjustments, Inspections, Checks, and Testing (581-1) Manual 581 for SB Series SB (courtesy of the John Titus library) https://www.dropbox.com/sh/kxd7h9emkh5e8ij/qvyQ_MjjZX (SM folder) (which is referenced from https://sites.google.com/site/citroenpublicationslist/) A hard copy is available in English (Repair manual No. 581 Volume 1 SM Model SB Series SB). Type 000X167602399 as ISBN in search box. They ship worldwide. http://www.chaters.co.uk Also available here: https://www.maseratinet.com//pc-15140-790-citroenmaserati-repair-manual.aspx

28 22 Engine repair guide (581-3) (Manual 1S courtesy of the John Titus library) Mirrored here: http://citroen-sm.org/static/engineRebuild/engineRebuildManual.html Much nicer version as PDF: https://www.dropbox.com/sh/kxd7h9emkh5e8ij/AACrIRyQjwENTLnCzzzMfLu_a/SM%20Engine%20Manual.pdf OCR'd version of manual: http://www.citroen-sm.org/static/EngineRebuild.pdf (Send corrections to me-- Brucem)

29 23 Electricity, Climate, Carburetion, Lighting (581-4a) PDF: https://www.dropbox.com/sh/kxd7h9emkh5e8ij/AAAOebyHgWzXyB-VSi8TK3pFa/581-4.pdf

• Rebuilding and adjusting the carbs • Wiring Diagram • Lighting Excellent manual. I've only seen a scan of a French version; never seen a paper copy or an English version. Brucem 06:24, 5 October 2009 (UTC)

30 24 Carrosserie [Body] (581-5) PDF: https://www.dropbox.com/sh/kxd7h9emkh5e8ij/AACc_gBn48kog38ilBSzBBtBa/581-5-Carrosserie.pdf

31 25 SM Parts List (584) Download from: http://www.classic-citroen-tech.co.uk/

32 26 Technical Data Manual (589-7) Download from: http://www.classic-citroen-tech.co.uk/ SB Series SB, 1971

33 27 SM (and DS) notes (595)

Cover

34 28 SM Parts List (612)

Cover OCR'd version of manual: http://www.citroen-sm.org/static/Cit612.pdf OCR'd version of IE manual supplement: http://www.citroen-sm.org/static/Cit612_IE.pdf (Please send corrections to me-- Brucem)

35 29 Tech data for SM series SB 1972 (614-7)

36 30 Manual for SM types SB-SC (2.7L Carb and Injection.) (639)

37 31 Fuel Injection Technical Manual (639-7) • https://www.maseratinet.com//pc-15133-790-citroenmaserati-tech-manual.aspx Mainly specs, not build/rebuild according to a knowledgeable source OCR'd version of manual: http://www.citroen-sm.org/static/Citroen639-7.pdf (Please send corrections to me -- Brucem)

38 32 Parts Manual, part 2 (642) (Courtesy of the Americo Sammarone Library) Two volumes: https://www.dropbox.com/sh/kxd7h9emkh5e8ij/AABLWoERFYs7SbyHxI1jMAnaa/642%20SM%20parts.pdf https://www.dropbox.com/sh/kxd7h9emkh5e8ij/AACrVN4P2IH7dGLteWyIMeJDa/642d.pdf

Separate volumes: http://www.xs4all.nl/~godelind/SM/Spareparts1.pdf http://www.xs4all.nl/~godelind/SM/Spareparts2.pdf

Don't pay for the ones being sold on eBay, which are downloaded versions of this (complete with inverted pages) What's the difference between 642 and 642d? Brucem (talk) 03:19, 30 October 2015 (EDT)

39 33 Service Bulletins A list of looseleaf pages detailing all the service changes that Citroen made

• (I have a set of these for the DS and SM; contact me if you want copies Brucem 21:07, 10 July 2009 (UTC))

40 34 Owner's Manual Nice site: http://www.citronpaper.it/SMusomanut/startSMusomanut.htm

41 35 Salesman's Guide (US)

Cover A small (5"x7") loose leaf notebook with instructions on how to sell the SM in the United States. How to introduce it to the customer, etc. PDF of entire notebook: http://www.citroen-sm.org/static/SalesmansGuide.pdf

42 36 Original Sales Destinations

Original destinations for purchased cars. From Daniels book. 36.1 Total Sold 12920 36.2 Totals by Continent

Continent Number Sold

Oceania 35

Europe 9771

Americas 2490

Africa 241

Asia 185 36.3 Total by Country

Continent Country Number Sold

Africa Algeria 7

Africa Angola 19

Africa Cameroon 15

Africa Chad 4

Africa Congo 7

Africa Dahomey 4

Africa Ethiopia 1

Africa Affars & Issars 1

Africa Gabon 13

Africa Ghana 1

Africa Ivory Coast 22

Africa Kenya 2

Africa Liberia 1

Africa Libya 9

Africa Malagasy 11

Africa Mali 2

Africa Mauritania 1

Africa Mauritius 1

Africa Morocco 19

Africa Mozambique 3

Africa Niger 2

Africa Nigeria 11

Africa Reunion 6

Africa Senegal 6

Africa South Africa 10

Africa Spanish N.Africa 43

Africa Togo 2

43 Africa Tunisia 1

Africa Uganda 1

Africa Upper Volta 1

Africa Zaire 6

Africa Other 11

Asia Bahrain 1

Asia Cyprus 1

Asia Iran 11

Asia Iraq 1

Asia Japan 134

Asia Kuwait 6

Asia Laos 1

Asia Lebanon 17

Asia Malaysia 3

Asia Pakistan 1

Asia Philippines 1

Asia Saudi Arabia 12

Asia South Arabian Fed. 1

Asia Thailand 5

Europe Andorra 9

Europe Austria 67

Europe Belgium/Luxembourg 338

Europe Denmark 2

Europe Finland 2

Europe France 5509

Europe Germany (W) 971

Europe Gibraltar 1

Europe Great Britain 327

Europe Greece 8

Europe Iceland 2

Europe Italy 2070

Europe Malta 1

Europe Netherlands 97

Europe Norway 4

Europe Portugal 34

Europe Spain 83

Europe Sweden 24

Europe Switzerland 220

Europe Turkey 1

Europe Yugoslavia 1

Europe Other 52

44 Americas Argentina 4

Americas Bolivia 1

Americas Brazil 11

Americas Canada 396

Americas Chile 1

Americas Colombia 2

Americas Cuba 2

Americas Equador 1

Americas French Guiana 1

Americas Guadalupe 3

Americas Guatemala 3

Americas Jamaica 2

Americas Martinique 2

Americas Mexico 16

Americas Nicaragua 1

Americas Panama 2

Americas Paraquay 2

Americas Surinam 1

Americas Uruguay 1

Americas USA 2037

Americas Venzuela 1

Oceania Australia 5

Oceania French Polynesia 2

Oceania New Caledonia 24

Oceania New Hebrides 1

Oceania New Zealand 3

45 37 Other SM Websites (This is a directory of all known sites. If a site is dead, please move it to the "Dead Sites" area) 37.1 Pages for specific types of sites • Clubs • Service Mechanics

37.2 General SM Sites • http://www.semantics.uk.com/home.htm -- Great Site! • http://www.citroenet.org.uk/ • http://www.citroen-sm.org/ -- This site • http://users.skynet.be/sky38711/allfiles/smfile/smonline.htm • http://www.citroensmaustralia.com/maintenance/index.htm -- Great set of articles • http://home.comcast.net/~citroenquarterly/ -- In-depth articles. • http://www.xs4all.nl/~godelind/SM/ -- nice collection of files. Go up one for other Cit stuff. • http://www.citroen-sm.it -- Italian-language site ♦ Google translation: http://www.google.com/translate?u=http://www.citroen-sm.it%2F&hl=en&ie=UTF8&sl=it&tl=en • http://www.cats-citroen.net/index.html -- Technically not just SM, but great SM section • http://citroensmpassion.free.fr/index.htm -- Fabulous SM site (French) • http://citroensmregembeau.free.fr/ -- Site honoring Georges Regembeau (French) • http://www.mgi.ca/smstory.html • http://stephane.patchou.com -- French (native language) ♦ http://stephane.patchou.com/home.htm -- English translation • http://sb4376.unblog.fr -- French (native language) ♦ Google translation: http://translate.google.fr/translate?u=http://sb4376.unblog.fr%2F&sl=fr&tl=en&hl=fr&ie=UTF-8 37.3 Owner Sites • http://web.archive.org/web/20031221232835/www.davidhayes.com/sm/buying_an_sm.htm -- David Haye's "Buying an SM" • http://www.jaylenosgarage.com/video/video_player.shtml?vid=187642 -- Jay Leno • http://www.k2.dion.ne.jp/~m_lucky/Citroen_SM_Character.htm -- Specs, and nice paint colors 37.4 Parts • http://shopcitroen.com/ -- Citroën Concours of America • http://www.citronpieces.com/index_e.htm • http://www.westernhemispheres.com/ -- Western Hemispheres • http://www.brodie.co.uk/ • http://www.citroen-hydraulics.com/ -- Pleiades • http://www.123ignition.nl/ -- Replacement ignition systems • http://www.lumenition.com/ -- Replacement ignition system; see Lumenition • J.B.M. Industries -- Don James, 3761 Morley Dr, Kent, OH 44240, 330-678-9537, [email protected] • http://www.citroworld.com/tableaux/index.php?languageId=12 -- Citroworld: DS and HY parts only 37.5 General Suppliers • http://www.marcorubber.com/orings.htm -- O-rings. See O Ring Suppliers • http://www.key-men.com/cars/Citroen.html -- Keys • http://www.stevesautorestorations.com/ -- Headlight Resilvering • http://www.cranecams.com/index.php?show=browseParts&lvl=5&prt=160 -- Crane universal electronic ignition • [[1] -- EWA, car books, models, and videos 37.6 Other Link Pages • http://members.chello.nl/~a.moors/citroen_links.html • http://www.geocities.com/MadisonAvenue/4430/citroen.links.html • http://m.webring.com/hub?ring=citroenring -- Citroën Webring 37.7 Non SM Sites with pages or sections about the SM • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citroen_SM • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Citro%C3%ABn_SM • http://imcdb.org/vehicles.php?make=Citro%EBn&model=SM&modelMatch=1&modelInclModel=on -- IMCDB, the Internet Movie Car Database • http://auto.howstuffworks.com/citroen-sm.htm • http://jalopnik.com/cars/jalopnik-fantasy-garage/citroen-sm-264002.php • http://ewa1.com/cgi-bin/sshp/shop.cgi?categories=&searchtext=citroen+sm&c=search.htm -- EWA, car books, models, and videos • http://citroens.citroen1.info/Amsterdam2003/cruijf.htm • http://www.citroen.com/CWW/en-US/HISTORY/LegendaryAndClassical/SM/SM_1/19072006_SM_PART1.htm -- Citroën Factory • http://www.classicresto.com/mambo/content/view/137/2/ -- Body shop working on a rear-ended SM • http://mbvintage.com/Images/Citroen-SM/index.htm -- Collection of unlabelled SM images • http://www.timcamerondesign.com.au/SM.html -- An interesting auto design (redesign of the SM) • http://grgur.irb.hr/Citroen/other.sms.html • http://www.carfolio.com ♦ http://www.carfolio.com/specifications/models/car/?car=25652 -- 1970 Specs ♦ http://www.carfolio.com/specifications/models/car/?car=6193 -- Automatic Specs • http://www.automobile-sportive.com/guide/citroen/sm.php -- (French) • http://www.citroen-forum.nl/wiki/index.php/Hoofdpagina -- Dutch Citroën Wiki • http://www.passion-citroen.com -- French Citroën enthusiast site. Lots of photos. • http://m.webring.com/hub?ring=citroenring -- Citroën Webring • http://www.topspeed.com/cars/citroen/1970-1975-citroen-sm-ar15792.html • http://www.planete-citroen.com -- French forum

46 • http://c-forum.forumpro.fr -- French forum • http://www.citrothello.net -- Mainly DS and SM restorations ♦ http://translate.google.fr/translate?u=http://www.citrothello.net/&sl=fr&tl=en&hl=fr&ie=UTF-8 -- English translation 37.8 Sites where SMs have been spotted for sale (This is intended for car sales sites, not single owners selling single cars)

• http://www.autotraderclassics.com • http://www.motors.ebay.com 37.9 Relevant but Non-SM Sites • http://www.citroen.com/ • http://www.retromobile.fr/ -- Retromobile • http://www.2cvsource.com/ -- French Parts Service (almost exclusively 2CV) • http://62.95.94.132/gallery/Conservatoire-Citroen -- Martijn's gallery of photos of the Citroen Conservatoire • http://www.tramontana.co.hu/citroen/guide/guide.php -- Interesting "technical guide", more relevant to later Citroëns 37.10 Dead Sites • http://web68.kundenserver7.comball.de/citroensmnet/ ♦ A mirror of the old citroensm.net site I have received Rolf's permission to merge info from this mirror into this wiki Brucem 18:42, 6 August 2008 (EDT)

• http://www.stack.nl/~cats/csm.html • http://www.tonyjackson3.plus.com/DS%20and%20SM%20files -- Engine and 581 manuals (dead as of 8/1/09) - NOTE: As of 12/2011 this content can found at https://sites.google.com/site/citroenpublicationslist/

• http://www.smenligne.fr 37.11 See also (Other types of sites with their own page) • For Sale • Cars and Parts Wanted

47 38 Production Numbers

38.1 Production Numbers How many SM's were manufactured: when and by whom?

Below you'll find total SM production figures from the early 1980's. Our sources are Revue Technique Automobile (no author mentioned) and Citroën SM written by Jeff Daniels, both published in 1981. As you will see there are some differences in various years. We have no explanation! We also try to shed some light on Ligier's role at the end of the SM's life. For our American friends we add the number of cars exported to the USA, in divers years, courtesy of Revue Technique Automobile:

Year of Manufacture Total number produced Exported to USA

1970 868 0

1971 5032 157

1972 3992 1128

1973 2619 722

1974 294 0

1975 119 0 Total number produced: 12924

From: Citroën SM 1971-1975, Revue Technique Automobile, E.P.A.,1981 38.2 Ligier There has been some discussion among the SM-cognoscenti on Ligier's role. See the Ligier page on this site. This is what Jeff Daniels says: "In April 1974, an odd announcement came from the Citroën press office in Paris concerning an agreement between Ligier and Maserati". Ligier, through the offices of Maserati was, says Daniels, "to retain its identity while becoming part of the Citroën group". The purpose of this initiative was not mentioned according to Daniëls. This is how the press-release presented the purpose of the agreement: "eventually, the industrial collaboration between Automobiles Citroën and Maserati for certain small-series operations, can in the future be extended to Automobiles Ligier". The SM wasn't mentioned at all! Readers of the announcement had to deduce that "small-series production" was production of the SM. Remember, when Maserati struck the deal with Ligier, in April 1974, it was still owned by Citroën. But Maserati's situation was bad financially, like Citroën's. In December 1974, 6 months after the Ligier press-release Peugeot took control of Citroën. They had to get rid of Maserati. On May 22 in 1975 Citroën (thus Peugeot) decided to liquidate Maserati. In the middle of August De Tomaso took control. In 1974 Ligier had managed to built 21 SM's. After the Peugeot take-over, Daniels says, the SM was "tucked away down at Abrest" (Ligier's hometown near Vichy in France), "nothing remained in Paris to remind the new masters of its existence.....and sales in France actually stopped". There is some confusion about the SM's end. After mentioning the end of French sales in 1974, Daniels says that French SM-registrations finish with the "159 cars" of 1974. And "Abrest quietly went on completing 114 cars for export only". Below in Daniels table we find that 294 SM's were produced in 1974. That probably means:

• 159 (built by Citroën for French market) • + 21 (built by Ligier for French market) • + 114(built by Ligier for export) • = 294 cars in total There is still some confusion. What about the 1975 cars? Revue Technique and Daniëls agree (see both tables) on 294 built in 1974! But they mention respectively 119 and 115 cars built in 1975. To end Daniels story: remaining SM-body shells, rumoured to amount to several hundred, went to the crushers - it might have been more. Car magazines French correspondent Pierre Beauregard, mentions a 1000 SM bodies remaining after finishing production in his column in September 1976. By the way, he mentions the SM in 1976, because "the sketchy chassis-frame used on the CX ....will bolt to the bottom of the SM shell as though made for the job, and that a striking front end can be made up of standard SM-wings with CX lamps and bumpers". Not all had forgotten the SM!

Produced by Produced by Year of Manufacture Citroën Ligier Total Production

1970 868 0 868

1971 4988 0 4998

1972 4036 0 4036

1973 2619 0 2619

48 1974 273 21 294

1975 1 114 115

Total 12785 135 12920 From: Daniels, Jeff, Citroën SM, London, Osprey, 1981

49 39 Related Vehicles

50 40 Maserati Merak (1972-1976) • Shared engine, trans, hydraulic system, dashboard (1977-82 did not use Citroën dash or hydraulics)

51 41 Maserati Quattroporte II (1974-1978) • Shared Merak/SS 3L engine and Citroën transaxle • Shared (extended) SM chassis, hydropneumatic suspension, DIRAVI steering

52 42 Lotus Esprit (up to 1987) • Shared SM Transaxle with mods

53 43 Ligier JS2 (1971-1977) • Shared Merak/SM 3L engine and Citroën transaxle

54 44 Matra (something) Please revise - I have not found any connection between the Citroën SM and any MATRA

55 45 Transmission The transmission was also used by Lotus in the Esprit up through 1987, and the Maserati Merak (all types). The gearbox cases differ in these uses. The transmission is very strong (Jerry Hathaway's land speed car used a stock transmission). Problems in the Lotus were likely because it acted as a stressed frame member causing leakage. 45.1 Specifications • Manual Transmission is similar to 5-Speed DS transaxle. It is a fully synchromesh design with a spiral bevel (not hypoid) ring and pinion. Consequently, the transmission does not need GL5 oil and, in fact, because of the brass synchros, GL5 oil should be avoided in favor of GL4 oil. There have been reported incidences in which the 5th gear became loose on the ouput shaft, resulting in a failed transmission. To check this, remove the DIRAVI governor and the front cover. The spedometer drive gear (which holds the 5th gear in place) should be tightened to 200 ft-lbs and staked in place.

• Automatic Tranmsission is a Borg Warner Type 35, similar to the DS BVA transmission. On 1972 models, the transfer gear set is geared quite low and for this reason 1972 BVA are the least desirable of all models. On 1973 models the transfer gear set ratio is much better suited to the engine. It is possible to fit a later tranmission to an earlier model car if replaced as an entire set including the later torque convertor and flex plate. In the USA the automatic transmission developed a reputation for being unreliable, due in no small part to the failure of many owners to adjust the brake bands (which must be manually tightened every 10,000 miles - a simple operation, but if left undone will lead to early failure.) It is important to use only Ford Type "F" fluid - never Dexron in the transmission. Use of Dexron AFT in any Borg Warner type 35 will lead to early transmission failure. 45.2 Modifications • The vent opens to the top. It's possible to put a small hose on it to prevent water and dirt from falling in. See Yahoo group files for details 45.3 See also Transmission Oil

56 46 V-8 Engine There was one prototype SM with a V-8 engine. Pictures and info at: http://www.citroen-forum.nl/index.php/forums/viewthread/197990/P135/#1144275

57 47 Videos 47.1 Drives {{#ev:youtube|oHJ3m_tD67w}} {{#ev:youtube|B4y4_psvups}} {{#ev:youtube|-v0rduRuCc8}} {{#ev:youtube|h_iwFrV6qVE}} {{#ev:youtube|wHn7VSD08gw}} {{#ev:youtube|bm7HObSr-Gg}} {{#ev:youtube|xibtRqGydag}} {{#ev:youtube|vtwRZ95fPA0}} {{#ev:youtube|aVB0JQY_eCU}} {{#ev:youtube|3Ofkn4agHgM}} {{#ev:youtube|CXR4dDxP-ZM}} {{#ev:youtube|gNa-M6lx2n0}} {{#ev:youtube|vES97x3g6vI}} {{#ev:youtube|pXgamY5Lfkw}} {{#ev:youtube|J35vWv2iipI}} 47.2 Working on... {{#ev:youtube|oLCCvuJUSjg}} 47.3 From Movies The Longest Yard... {{#ev:youtube|sgcGQx_Efow}} 47.4 Reviews/Commentary {{#ev:youtube|5K_CyD0qw1A}} 47.5 See also • Other SM Websites

58 48 Why you should drive your SM

48.1 Drive your SM! © 2004, Rolf Knijff The other day we were attending a wedding party in Brussels. To our amazement one of the guests turned up in his SM. Using it, more or less, like a 'daily' car as the owner explained. The web master of citroensm.net, Clemens Maas, uses his car to visit club-meetings all over Europe. He doesn't turn his hand to do 700 km a day, going abroad from the Netherlands to Sweden or France. Drive it! Is that special? Well, in a way, yes. How many SMs you know of are really used on a regular basis? How many SMs are languishing in garages without much use? Of course a lot those garage-queens are not being driven because they broke down and awaiting repair or are in the midst of a restoration. But if your SM is OK and can be driven, drive it! It's better for your car! This is why. 48.2 Wearing down your car by not using it. If you want to learn about car engines, no better place to start than internal combustion airplane engines. This is what we found in Kas Thomas book 'The Major Overhaul. A guide for pilots' . Kas is an engine nut. He dug up this information in a Lycoming Service Instruction, valid for all Textron Lycoming aircraft engines. The subject of this particular instruction is 'Recommended Time Between Overhaul Periods'. This is what it says: Because of engine deterioration in the form of corrosion (rust), drying out and hardening of composition materials such as gaskets, seals, flexible hoses, fuel pump diaphragms and abnormal wear during starting on soft metal bearing surfaces due to the loss of a protective oil film during extended periods of inactivity, all engines that do not accumulate the recommended operating hours between overhaul in a twelve year period must be overhauled during the twelfth year

What this long phrases, and following text, says is: use your engine at least once a month If you don't it will have to be overhauled before it's 'due date', expressed in hours of use! Textron says that an engine preferably should not be out of service for more than 30 days. That seems not very long! It seems fair to say that the same advice applies to SM-engines. But lack of use will 'damage' more components of the car than just it's engine. Hydraulic systems, hoses, etcetera, won't like lack of use either. 48.3 After the major overhaul What can happen if you don't use your car for a (very) long time? We heard this story some years ago. A friend garage-owner had a customers engine overhauled at the Maserati works in Modena. It cost a lot of money. For some reason or other however the engine was not as it should be. It was leaking oil. Our friend, the garage-owner, who installed the engine was very careful not to touch the engine and void the guarantee. The resulting 'discussion' on costs between Maserati, the garage and the owner took quite some time. The SM not being used for a couple of years without repair, because the owner was not sure what other costs he had to face. When the problem was solved, more or less, and the engine started up again all was wrong. Especially with the valves! Sticking valves, no compression. A (partially) new overhaul was necessary. What the story proves, apart from the need to be careful in the organization of major engine work, is that SM engines don't like to be idle! 48.4 Breaking Exhaust Valves SMs exhaust valve are hollow. They are filled with sodium, which when shaken by the up-and-down movement of the valve in a running engine, gets rid of engine heat quicker. That is of course when adjusted properly, with sound valve guides and seats! A number of specialists however seem to think that the hollow valve is a mixed blessing. If engine are not used on a regular base, the valve will corrode and eventually may break. Causing a lot of nuisance. Going back to aircraft engines, Kas Thomas informs us that Lycoming engines also have sodium-filled exhaust valve. Thomas remarks however that to do as designed, thus transfer heat, the sodium-filled valves need a close contact with the valves guides! The tighter tolerance, Thomas suggests, the more rapid the wear, which when not attended to leads to 'haphazard seating and inadequate transfer of heat'. And thus: engine failure. 48.5 Running hot? Sodium filled valves were developed for high power aircraft engines by Sam Heron (an engine designer of legendary fame). Consulting another authority, Kevin Cameron writing on motorcycle engines, we learn that sodium-filled valves are so efficient in transferring combustion heat to valve guides, that engines with sodium-filled valves sometimes need extra cooling. In (radial aircraft) engines, Cameron informs us, rocker boxed were filled with oil to prevent valve problems! Thus: sodium-filled valves my be a mixed blessing when surrounding design isn't 'synchronized', or the engine isn't maintained properly. There remains one mystery. Alfa Romeo used sodium-filled valves on all it's classical engine with no problems! A number of questions concerning the Maserati design remain. 1. Is breakage of exhausts valves happening on worn and overhauled engines? 2. More precise. To what extent does play in valve guides and the resulting problems of seating geometry (heat transfer problems) play a role? 3. Is breaking a quality problem? What quality steel is used? Why don't Alfa Romeo valves break. 48.6 Solid replacement To prevent breaking exhaust valves Dutch SM specialist Han Wandel (see links section) informs us he asks his customers when an engine is overhauled how the car will be used. If not used regularly Han will install solid steel exhaust valves. Finally, some people think they can circumvent the problem of lack of use, by 'warming up' their engine in the garage. By having it run for a quarter of an hour. It is an approach also used by owners who don't want to use their car in the winter. Well, this is not a good practice, we think. Engines only warm-up when doing work. Warming your engine in the garage will concentrate heat in the cylinder head. The rest of the engine remains cold, more or less. Thus condensation inside the engine is encouraged, like in the exhaust system. That may lead to breaking valves. How to care your engine when you don't use your SM, is a following story. 48.7 Literature • Thomas, K,(1994), The major overhaul, TBO Advisor books, Old Greenwich. • Cameron, K.,(1998), Sportbike Performance Handbook, MBI, Publishing, Osceola.