Inside This Edition Volume 14 Number 2 February 2002 Publisher’s Commentary 4 Taking command of a dangerous situation Blue Line Magazine Canadian DNA Database 6 12A-4981 Hwy 7 East Ste 254 One of the world’s best Markham, ON Canada L3R 1N1 New breathing apparatus 10 designed for police Ph: 905 640-3048 Fax: 905 640-7547 e-mail: [email protected] R-E-M-O-V-E Clutter 12 - Publisher / Editor - from your Desktop Morley S. Lymburner e-mail: [email protected] Stopping power and shot placement 13 - General Manager - Geographic Information Systems 14 Mary Lymburner, M.Ed. for street cops e-mail: [email protected] Video taping domestics boosts convictions 17 - Managing Editor - Black box proposal scuttled - for now 18 Mark Reesor e-mail: [email protected] PERSONAL COMPUTING 19 Overcoming fear of PCs - News Editor - Les Linder Helping to fill the gap in community 21 e-mail: [email protected] problem solving - Advertising - DEEP BLUE 22 Blue Line’s annual Supply and Service Mary Lymburner Thought disorders puzzling for everyone Guide brings you the most comprehensive di- Kieran Huggins CORRESPONDENCE 23 rectory anywhere of businesses selling prod- Bob Murray ucts and services to the Canadian law enforce- Dave Douglas ment community. Product categories range e-mail: [email protected] TECHNOLOGY 24 Now you can put CPIC in your pocket from Access Control to Wireless Communica- - Pre-press Production - tions and the guide has complete corporate CASE LAW Del Wall • Strip Searches 28 listings — names, addresses and phone/fax - Contributing Editors - • Access to property 62 numbers. Communication Skills Terry Barker • Negligence 63 Those looking for what’s new in products and services will also want to mark April 23 Police Management Robert Lunney First impressions count 30 Tactical Firearms Dave Brown A critical review of the police and 24 on their calendars; that’s the dates of the Technology Tom Rataj uniform tendering process sixth annual Blue Line Response Trade Show. Psychology Dorothy Cotton News editor Les Linder reports on Cana- Case Law Mike Novakowski FIREARMS 32 da’s national DNA databank, recognized as one Blue Line Magazine is published monthly, September to June, Cover is where you find it of the best in the world, in an article beginning by Blue Line Magazine Incorporated with a mailing address of: 12A - 4981 Hwy. 7 East, Ste. 254, Just ordinary people doing 34 on page six. The databank linked over 100 cases Markham, Ontario, L3R 1N1. extraordinary things to convicted criminals last year but could do Individual magazines are $3.50 each. Subscriptions are One officers view of Ground Zero $25.00 per year or $40.00 for 2 years. (Foreign - $50.00 U.S.) much more with a little support, according to the officer in charge. ©2002 - All articles are protected by copyright. No part of this Michigan State Police 2002 test 36 publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by Special service vehicles There’s a common misconception that the any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying 9mm bullet has more stopping power than the and recording or by any information storage or retrieval system WINNING STRATEGIES FOR LIFE 38 old .38 special round. Cst. Dean Steinberg without permission from the publisher. Internet activity is When the job overwhelms you monitored and use or reposting of material on the Internet sets things straight on page 13. is restricted. Geographic information systems helped All material submitted for publication becomes the property of 6th ANNUAL TRADE SHOW 40 Blue Line Magazine unless other arrangements have been made and SYMPOSIUM keep the pace during the Summit of the Ameri- with the publisher. ca’s conference in Quebec City. Read how four The authors, advisors and Publisher accept no liability whatsoever Canadian police services are using the technol- for any injuries to persons or property resulting from the application or 2002 Supply and Services Guide 41 adoption of any of the procedures, tactics or considerations presented ogy to help street cops on page14. in this magazine. Readers are cautioned and advised that articles Videotaping domestic disputes is help- presented herein are edited and supplied for your personal awareness and should not be used for further action until appropriate advice and When do freedom fighters 66 ing Canadian police services increase convic- guidance is received from a supervisor, Crown Attorney or other become terrorists? tions — that story begins on page 17; a pro- person in authority. posal for black boxes in police cars in Niagara Established in 1988, Blue Line Magazine is an independent VITALITY 67 publication designed to inform, entertain, educate and upgrade the Falls, Ontario has been scuttled, at least for skills of those involved in the law enforcement profession. It has no Why Diet direct control from a law enforcement agency and its opinions and now — see page 18; Tricia Rudy doesn’t hold articles do not necessarily reflect the opinions of any government, Police Leader of the Year nominee 68 back in telling us what’s wrong with police uni- police, or law enforcement agency. Blue Line Magazine is a private form tendering processes on page 30; Sergeant venture and as such is not funded through any level of government The Last Noose 70 agency, union or association. Ontario Lisa Thomas has a first-hand view of Ground Zero after the September 11 attack on page 34. - Affiliations - PRODUCT NEWS 71 This jam packed, 80 page issue also has the International Association of Law Enforcement Planners Michigan State Police special vehicles tests Canadian Advertising Rates & Data Street Legal in Saskatoon 74 Saskatoon cops take street racing seriously (page 36), a report on Asian crime from a International Police Association Calgary officer currently in Vietnam, The Police Leadership Forum The Canadian Press Newswire THE BLUE LINE FORUM 75 Saskatoon’s successful Street Legal Racing Program, which deters illegal street drag racing Printed in Canada BLUE LINE CLASSIFIED 77 (page 74) and Blue Line’s regular columnists ISSN #0847 8538 THE BACK OF THE BOOK 78 and features - Case Law, Firearms Editor Dave Canada Post - Canadian Publications Mail Can we legislate around Brown, Dr. Dorothy Cotton, Tom Rataj, Vital- Product Sales Agreement No. 176796 discretionary limitations? ity... the list goes on!

February 2002 3 BlueBlue LineLine MagazineMagazine

Taking command of a dangerous situation by Morley Lymburner We certainly know that determined crimi- concerned about officer safety they would dis- I have been on this subject many times be- nals exist. RCMP Constable Strongquill and courage the use of exterior carriers and encour- fore and Blue Line Magazine has been harping Sudbury Police Constable MacDonald’s deaths age the use of wick-away undergarments spe- about the exterior carriers that officers across are both attributable to very determined gun cifically designed for armour. Police departments Canada have been conned into believing is so wielding criminals. These guys practice the art should issue them and unions should lobby for wonderful. Recently an officer sent me a mes- of firearms control and kill-zone targeting. They them. Police departments should outlaw exte- sage requesting that I help him make a proposal will not simply aim for the largest mass if you rior carriers and unions should support them. to his chief to have the carriers banned within show them that this zone has armour. Sometimes you have to work together for the their department. I would strongly suggest that if top level common good and there is no greater good than My point in return to this is simple. “Give police managers and union bosses are really officer safety. me a proposal to show the advantages of wear- ing them!” Over the past four years that I have gone public about my absolute hatred of exterior carriers I have not received one good argu- ment in their favour. I have disliked these things so much that I now refuse to put any picture on the magazine’s cover that shows them. This month’s cover attests to our re- solve on this issue. I would sooner go to a cartoon. I am working hard toward a policy that will exclude them from the inside of the magazine as well. I would suppose my disappointment is strongest with the command level of police serv- ices. I have spoken to many police managers across the country and have not found one that supports officers wearing exterior carriers. When pressed they simply shrug their shoulders. Some point their fingers at the unions or the associa- tions or fall back on the axiom that “well at least they are wearing them and I am in favour of anything that encourages them to wear their vests.” This is, simply put, a “roll-over and give up” statement. I can only put it down to a lack of courage or a feeling that there are too many more impor- tant things to deal with. I certainly remember a time, not that long ago, when managerial en- forcement was extremely high on such things as keeping your hat on, not turning your collar up or having a cup of coffee in the scout car. None of which were safety concerns. These infrac- tions were aggressively enforced with a loss of a day’s pay for each infraction. There is no denying I lost a great deal of income my first year on the job. I think top managers should seriously look at an equally aggressive campaign to do away with something that can be a potential killer of cops. Those exterior vests are encouraging “kill- zone” target re-alignment. It is broadcasting to the world of criminals that you can be stopped by simply raising the barrel of the gun to target the head or you can be seriously slowed down by aiming lower. Cops are always at a disadvantage. The criminal element has a lot of time to prepare for your entry to the scene and to determine ex- actly what they can surprise you with if this occurs. Every call you roll on puts you at risk. Not every criminal you meet simply gives up when they see the badge. So exactly why is it that you want to increase your risk and de- crease the threat to a determined criminal? For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 5 TOP LABS: DNA analysts in the National DNA Data Bank load samples into the DNA genetic sequencers. To date over 13,600 samples have been processed by the data bank laboratory. by Les Linder victim says the suspect is 25 to 30, then that’s ples are doing a real great job.” the age group our officers will be looking for. Fourney and Bussieres both feel there is Canada’s national DNA databank, in op- “The search might stretch to people as old plenty of room for improvement, though, es- eration for less than a year, has already helped as 35, but the odds of that actually happening? pecially in the number of samples submitted to link over 100 cases to convicted offenders and I would suggest not likely.” the bank. produced its first conviction last year. Fourney says the data bank has become a Ontario has shown the most enthusiasm Dr. Ron Fourney, the officer in charge of significant tool for front line investigators. with its Identification Act, passed last June, the databank, which is operated by the RCMP “What we’ve done here is enabled a coop- which allows courts to request or order a DNA in Ottawa, says significant progress has been erative interaction between police investigation sample from certain people convicted of desig- made since it first opened its doors in July 2000. and (the data bank) to work together to go back nated offences such as sexual assault. The prov- There have been 108 hits (matches) between in time to solve cases,” Fourney said. ince has contributed 56 per cent of the con- convicted offender samples and DNA found at The bank cost $10.6 million to set up and victed offender samples. crime scenes and the bank had 3,482 crime scene $5 million a year to operate and has a staff of 21 “That’s not saying other provinces aren’t samples in storage as of December. RCMP members. It receives crime scene DNA contributing,” Fourney says. “It just means The Ontario Provincial Police in Guelph from forensic laboratory partners across Canada, Ontario has a very organized procedure.” Other scored Canada’s first conviction based on DNA including six run by the RCMP, and provincial provinces and courts will have to develop at evidence thanks to the data bank. Robert partners in Toronto and Montreal. their own speed, he says. Cybulski pled guilty to break and enter to com- “From a cost effective point of view, we “We would clearly like to see more samples mit a sexual offence last October after DNA feel it is a terrific tool and an important part of come in because it’s just like a bank account - taken from him in April matched a sample col- forensic investigation teams,” Fourney says. the more money you have, the more you can do lected at the scene of a sexual assault of a 90- “The data bank isn’t one bag of tricks - it’s the with it.” year-old woman. Cybulski was sentenced to toolbox for investigators and part of the team.” Fourney believes the data bank can expect three-and-a-half years in prison. Much of the system used to process, store as much as a two-thirds increase in samples The investigating officers in the case ini- and access DNA is automated through robotic annually once the rest of the country begins tially had no suspect in the sexual assault, says workstations and has become the model which contributing more regularly. OPP forensics division Det. Sgt. Mike eight other countries are looking at to develop The more than 13,000 DNA convicted of- Bussieres. “The DNA bank changed that.” their own data banks, Fourney says. fenders samples in the bank are just a drop in The suspect was initially described by the He’s proud of the bank’s current abilities. the bucket, says Bussieres. victim as a male between 25 and 30 years old. Fewer than one per cent of samples processed “If we could get one DNA sample collected When Cybulski was arrested, investigators found are rejected and lost, which is impressive when by every officer per year in Ontario alone, we out he was 40 but appeared no older than 30. compared to the 10 to 20 percent rejection rate should get an excess of 20,000 orders per year,” “This data bank help eliminate a particular of banks around the world, he says. he notes. “With only 13,000 samples across challenge,” Bussieres points out. “Typically “That tells me our science is reliable and when we investigate a sexual assault and the that the police on the front end collecting sam- . . . continued page 8

February 2002 6

Canada, there’s plenty more we could be bring- committed. ing in. “If a person knows their DNA is already “More samples means more hits and more on file because of a previous property crime, hits means more convictions.” then they may think twice before committing Bussieres, who is seconded to the bank to another crime such as rape,” Bussieres notes. coordinate and collect samples, is concerned over However, under Canada’s current law, the lack of funding to further expand sample even a person who voluntarily offered their collection. The OPP currently receives no fed- DNA as a way of deterring them from com- eral funding to assist with the bank. mitting future sexual offences would not be Another critical issue is how forensic labo- able to do so; the database is for convicted ratories and the data bank will handle samples offenders only. that may be used in court cases many years Bussieres would like to see Canada con- after they’re collected. tinue to invest in the bank and make improve- “To support a hit 30 years from, we’re go- ments, following Florida’s example. ing to have to carefully watch how we handle our “(Florida) knew they would have to increase records retention and case management,” he says. funding to their bank because of the added sam- Current policy within most police services ples from the break and enter cases. Neverthe- is to keep a case file for two years before turf- less they did it and continue to keep looking at ing it. However, if that policy is changed and it to make other improvements. I think we records are maintained properly, DNA samples IT’S ALL CODED: The bar like codes represent should try doing the same.” that would normally be disposed of will be avail- the final DNA profile results obtained from The Ontario Centre of Forensic Sciences able from the bank for future cases. biological samples. Each colour represents a recently submitted DNA samples from B&Es Bussieres wants to see the bank begin collect- specific test that enables accurate discrimination to see how many hits result and how much ing samples for offences other than sexual assault that approaches one in 250 billion. they’d increase the workload. Bussieres says so that the DNA left behind at B&E scenes, for two of the eight samples have already gener- example, can be used to identify offenders. ated hits. “Until the data bank in Florida began col- have a history of property crimes.” “That’s a 25 per cent return. If we could lecting DNA from B&E cases, they had a much Collecting samples from different types of solve 25 per cent of the crimes we can’t solve lower success rate with hits. About 70 to 80 crime scenes would mean more cases solved today, I’d say we’d make an awful lot of peo- per cent of those who commit sex crimes also and suspects matched to other offences they’ve ple happy.” Survey shows general approval of Canada’s cops But some public perceptions raise issues for concern About three-quarters of Canadians are sat- of error of 2.6 percentage points or 19 times But Dale Kinnear, a spokesman with the isfied with the way police are doing their jobs, out of 20. Canadian Police Association in Toronto, thought a new poll suggests. Although police have made efforts to re- the opposite. However, about one-quarter of Canadians duce abuse and improve relations with eth- “That’s very low,” Kinnear was quoted as in the poll also feel their forces discriminated nic communities, 28.8 per cent of respond- saying. “There’s never a time or a place or an against visible minorities and 5.9 per cent of ents believed police discriminated against excuse for it but given the thousands and thou- respondents in the Leger Marketing survey said visible minorities while 58.6 per cent said sands of contacts on a daily basis across the they or a family member had suffered some they did not. country, I think it speaks to the fact that police form of police brutality. The provincial breakdown for those who officers are properly trained and properly in- The poll, provided to The Canadian Press, thought police discriminated was: British Co- formed and understand their authority. also indicates that 52.6 per cent of respondents lumbia (30.9 per cent), Quebec (30.5 per cent), “I think those low numbers tell that tale.” believed police have sufficient powers. Ontario (30 per cent), Alberta (24.4 per cent) Canadians overall seemed satisfied with their The Dec. 4-13 poll was taken before the and the Atlantic provinces and the Prairies (both police forces, with 81.7 per cent of respond- Dec. 18 approval of the federal government’s 23.9 per cent). ents saying they were happy with the RCMP. new anti-terrorism law and new clauses of the “It’s very high,” Yves Manseau, co-ordinator In Ontario, 87.6 per cent expressed satisfac- Criminal Code which include provisions allow- of Mouvement action justice, a Montreal-based tion with the Ontario Provincial Police while 81.6 ing undercover investigators to break the law in police watchdog was quoted as saying per cent of Quebecers were happy with the Que- certain cases. “In a large city of two million, that’s a lot of bec provincial police. Municipal police across the The survey of 1,583 people has a margin people.” country had a 79.8 per cent satisfaction rating. Christian Bourque, a vice-president of Leger Marketing, said some of that satisfaction could be tied to Sept. 11. “If we had done this (poll) a couple of years back, I don’t think we would have gotten these numbers,” Bourque was quoted as saying. “If these people are perceived to be there to protect you and you’re being threatened, then of course your opinion about them will change.” Kinnear said there was no surprise in the level of satisfaction but he didn’t think the ac- tions of police and firefighters after the Sept. 11 attacks were much of an influence on the results. “After those types of heroics, certainly it’s going to be on people’s minds but this is not out of line with examinations on this that have been done in the past.” For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 8 Police chief new chair of Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse

Canada’s national addic- groundwork for tions agency is bringing implementation of in the new year with a the federal govern- police chief as the chair ment’s new na- of the board of directors. tional drug strat- Health Minister Allan Rock announced egy,” King said. in December the appointment of Barry King, King has police chief of the Brockville Police Service, served as police with the Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse chief in Brockville (CCSA). since retiring from “As Canada’s national addictions agency, the Sault Ste. the CCSA has played a key role in the area of Marie police serv- substance abuse for more than a decade,” said ice in 1995. He is Rock. Chief Barry King co-chair of the “Chief King understands issues of sub- Brockville Safe Community Coalition, former stance abuse and addictions from a front-line chair of the Canadian Association of Chiefs of perspective and I look forward to working Police Drug Abuse Committee. He joined with him on the kinds of practical solutions CCSA’s board of directors in 1998. that stem from his broad knowledge and ex- King succeeds William Deeks, who perience.” stepped down in November after completing King said he is looking forward to his new his three-year term as CCSA chair. position to work more closely with CCSA The CCSA was created in 1988 to pro- Chief Executive Officer, Michel Perron. vide leadership and a national focus for Cana- “I look forward to being involved with da’s efforts to reduce or eliminate the harm the continuing efforts by CCSA to lay the caused by addictions.

First Director of the Ontario For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca Police College dies at 85 Joseph Lloyd Mennill, former Director of the Ontario Police College, passed away on December 12, 2001 in Aylmer Ontario. Mr. Mennill was the first Director of the OPC and one of the pioneers of the provincial college that provides all Ontario police officers with basic training and other upgrading skills. Mr. Mennill joined the RCAF in 1940 and flew missions as a naviga- tor overseas. He was shot down and imprisoned in the famous Nazi Stalag 3 (The Great Escape) and helped dig some of the es- cape tunnels. Upon returning home he took courses of study Joseph L. Mennill in Forestry at the Univer- sity of Toronto and Yale. He finally took a position with Ontario Natural Resources as superintendent in charge of the Forest Ranger School. In 1962 Mr. Mennill was chosen to be the organizer and first Director in charge of the Ontario Police College. It was finally started on January 7, 1963 at a former RCAF base north of Aylmer, Ontario. Mr. Mennill finally retired in 1977 after helping plan and open the com- pletely renovated facilities of the OPC. “He was a fine gentlemen,” Dr. Colin Hayes wrote to Blue Line Magazine. “He will be sorely missed, not only by his neighbours and friends, but also in the police community.” For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 9 New breathing apparatus designed for police A new version of the Viking Digital self con- difficult to hear the transmission. tained breathing apparatus (SCBA) has been • With typical SCBAs, you attach the demand recently introduced to the Canadian law enforce- valve to the mask and start using air immedi- ment market. ately. Since they can only carry between 30 Manufactured by International Safety In- to 60 minutes of air, this can be a problem if struments (ISI), the new Viking Stealth is de- the approach takes an extended period of time signed specifically for police tactical, SWAT — and the larger the cylinder, the heavier the and bomb squads dealing with hazardous envi- unit, which can result in restricted movement ronments such as clandestine drug labs and and reduced agility. CBW (chemical and biological warfare) agents. • SCBA masks generally do not provide a wide ISI, which has produced breathing appara- and unrestricted field of view, especially if a tus for fire and industry for 30 years, intro- large docking demand valve and an external duced the Viking Digital, a radically different voice amplifier or microphone are used. They SCBA and the first which was all electronic, in can be too bulky to fit under a bomb disposal 1998. The Digital was designed for firefighters suit helmet and will add weight to the mask and has dramatically changed the way the de- and stress to the wearers neck. vices are used. The Stealth was developed after The Stealth helps solve these problems. a major U.S. police department requested • LEDs were mounted inside the mask to indi- changes be made to the Digital to meet law en- cate cylinder pressure, eliminating the noisy forcement’s unique requirements. low cylinder pressure alarm. One of them SCBAs are traditionally designed for fire- flashes red on low cylinder pressure. fighters and industrial users and do not neces- • A waterproof microphone is mounted inside sarily meet the specialized requirements of po- the nose cup within the mask, close to the lice. For example: wearer’s mouth, and is connected internally • In tactical applications such as raids on clan- to a voice amplifier console mounted on the destine drug labs or where another I.D.L.H. chest. The officer no longer needs to yell to (Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health) be heard and the mic doesn’t pick up any atmosphere is possible, stealth and speed are VIKING STEALTH: Now available in Canada outside or background noise. The amplifier is of the utmost importance. Traditional SCBA voice activated, eliminating ‘Darth Vader’ low cylinder pressure alarms, typically a bell again compromising the silent approach. breathing sounds. A push button on the con- or whistle, are noisy. • Shouting through the mechanical voice ampli- sole puts the SCBA in stealth mode, silencing • Speaking through SCBA mechanical voice am- fier into a radio microphone can be difficult, the console speaker. plifiers makes communication difficult, if not especially since the microphone also picks • An optional radio interface cord connects your impossible. Officers have to shout to be heard, up background noise, making it even more radio directly to the SCBA, utilizing the inte- grated microphone to provide hands free voice activated radio communication. The console functions as the radio speaker but is silenced in stealth mode, when the user wears an ear- phone to maintain silence. • The Stealth has a unique airswitch; the user dons the complete SCBA, including the mask, but breathes fresh air through a port in the bottom of the mask and only activates the airswitch (with the tap of a finger) to go on cylinder air when required. This dramatically reduces air wastage and eliminates the diffi- culty of docking the demand valve, especially under a bomb suit helmet. It also prevents fogging of the mask when in fresh air mode. • The mask on the Stealth has the best periph- eral vision of any SCBA. The demand valve and microphone are built into the mask so there is nothing in front to restrict vision or add additional weight. Its low profile demand valve allows the mask to fit under most bomb disposal suit helmets. A black balaclava and cylinder cover are available for the Stealth, as is a remote airline connection should the wearer need to be on air for an extended period of time. Viking says the Stealth is reliable, easy to use and tested in the extreme cold weather of the Arctic circle. The company’s products are distributed in Canada by Canadian Safety Equipment of Mississauga, Ontario.

To find out more about this product phone: 800 265-0182 or check out Canadian Safety Equipment through;

February 2002 10 Database combats heavy equipment theft Remote work sites with inadequate vehicle Its website, NERusa.com, provides an on- and site security and a used equipment market line theft reporting capability that allows equip- with little or no checks allow thieves to steal an ment owners, fleet managers and third party ad- estimated $1 billion dollars (US) of equipment ministrators to submit their theft reports to be in the US alone. included in the database. Equip- Non-standard numbering ment owners whose losses may systems and incomplete or non- not have been reported to an NER existent owner records mean member insurance company can that police officers have little now report a theft to NER se- accurate data to investigate and curely, in detail and immediately prosecute equipment theft. To on one simple form. combat this, the National Even if the loss occurred years Equipment Register (NER) has ago, an item might still be recov- launched a free investigative ered if registered. The combina- service for law enforcement in tion of technologies provide the Canada and the US. detail, speed and coverage never Its solution is a specialized before seen in the fight against database of stolen heavy equipment and own- equipment theft. ership records. With thousands of theft reports Equipment owners will also soon be able to and millions of ownership records readily avail- register their fleet on a pre-theft basis. Using able, NER helps officers identify the status and high quality 4" by 5" stickers, owners will be ownership of a piece of heavy equipment — a able to show would-be thieves that their unit is labour intensive or impossible task at present. registered on a national database. Calling NER toll-free at 1-866-6-NERUSA In the first quarter of 2002, law enforce- provides officers 24 hour access to operators ment will have internet based search access to who help locate identification numbers and the NER database. search the database. On-site support from spe- cialist investigators, geographically specific theft alerts and investigative training are also avail- For more information on NER’s services, able free to police. visit their website at www.nerusa.com. NER is funded by member insurance compa- When you see a suspicious piece of stolen nies and its database is linked to ISO ClaimSearch, equipment, call them toll-free at 1-866-6- the insurance industry’s all-claims database. NERUSA. For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca

For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 11 R-E-M-O-V-E Clutter from your Desktop

Monday, January 14th was National the telephone — move it to the non-preferred ‘Clean Off Your Desk’ Day, listed in Chase’s side so your hand is free to take notes. (And Annual Events as the second Monday of yes, you can hear just as well out of your each year. Chase’s daughter started this day other ear!) to get her father to clean off his desk at least O - Organize together once a year. Form centres - make a telephone centre Because Blue Line Magazine is about so your telephone, message pad or telephone the biggest challenge around in this respect log and rolodex are all in one place, creating we invited Eileen Roth, author of Organiz- a ‘centre.’ ing For Dummies, to give us a few tips. It’s V - View your time easy to organize your desktop using her six As soon as you arrive in the office, take R-E-M-O-V-E principles. out your organizer so you can schedule a R - Reduce distractions meeting with a caller or make an appoint- Pictures of your family distract you ment for drop-in visitors to talk at a later (hang them on a side wall or put them on a time. Also keep a small clock on your desk bookcase); candy invites guests and conver- so you are on time to meetings. (Note: A sation (keep it in a drawer hidden away); travel alarm clock doesn’t take up much papers distract you from concentrating on space and can alert you to meetings too.) the project at hand (file them in a permanent E - Empty the middle system or the ‘take action file’). But the Keep everything on the desktop around biggest distraction of all is the in/out mail the perimeter so the middle of the desk is box. It invites your own interruptions as you THE BIGGEST CHALLENGE: Looking free to do work and you can open one or two wonder what’s on that coloured flyer or think around Blue Line’s offices for the most cluttered documents at the same time. about other things to do (hang wall pockets on desk brought us to the publisher. Eileen Roth is a professional organizer and the outside of an office or cubicle wall). speaker who does workshops and consulta- E - Everyday use M - Move to the preferred side tions. As author of Organizing For Dum- Keep things you use everyday on your desk If you’re right-handed, that’s your preferred mies, she helps people clean up their office, and remove the rest: if you don’t use the staple side; if you’re left-handed, that’s your preferred manage their time and organize their home. remover, tape or the post-it note holder, re- side. So keep things on that side for easy reach. For more information, call 480 860-1616, e- move them from you desk. If you do use them Move your pencil cup, coffee warmer and calcu- mail her at [email protected] or visit her daily, keep them out. lator to your preferred side. One big exception is website: www.everythinginitsplace.net.

For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 12 Stopping power and shot placement by Cst. Dean Stienberg to their wounds. The 9mm 147 grain jacketed hollow point round In his study, we currently use will fit this bill. There has been con- Patrick concluded What we must understand from all of this siderable debate in the law that once a bullet, is that even if you hit a subject with what you enforcement community designed to ex- feel should have been an incapacitating shot you as to what sidearms and, pand on contact, must be prepared for it not to stop him. Con- more specifically, has sufficient ve- versely, if you take a round but it wasn’t a ammunitions are best locity and mass to direct hit to the central nervous system, there is suited for officers to carry. penetrate 12 no reason it should stop you either. While researching the sub- inches into a hu- Stay safe. Never give up! ject in preparing to order man target at less next year’s duty ammuni- than optimal an- Cst. Dean Stienburg works in the training section tion, I came across some STOPPING POWER: The common gles it has suffi- of the Halifax Regional Police Service. This article interesting facts that you assumption that a 45 cal. has more stopping cient power to was reprinted from the December issue of APB, might not be aware of with power is a fallacy. stop that target. the newsletter of the Halifax Regional Police.. regards to ‘stopping power.’ A number of years ago when we made the transition to 9mm many people assumed it was more powerful and had more stopping power than the .38 cal. revolver we used to carry. This is not accurate. The 9mm and .38 special rounds are ballistically very similar in nature. The main reasons for switching was accuracy, safety, round capacity and ease of reloading. Studies done in the US suggest officers who had accu- racy problems with the revolver shot signifi- cantly better with the pistol. In fact, stopping power has less to do with the caliber of the weapon than you might think. Research done by FBI Special Agent Urey Patrick concludes that it depends almost exclu- sively on shot placement and the psychological condition of the subject. The common assump- tion that larger rounds such as 45 cal. have more stopping power is a fallacy. Patrick conceded larger rounds will give the officer a slightly better chance of hitting vital organs, but this is a minimal factor compared to the importance of shot placement. Hollywood BIANCHI HOLSTER has conditioned us to believe that when a per- son is hit by a bullet they are going to be knocked backward or down. This is simply not true. The mass of a bullet is so small compared to the mass of a human that it could never knock someone off their feet. What stops a person is where the bullet strikes them and what psy- chological and physiological affects it has on them. The only shot that will insure the inca- pacitation of a person is a direct hit to the cen- tral nervous system. This is a very low per- centage shot. The next shot most likely to stop a person is to the vital organs of the torso, hence our center mass training. This is a much higher per- centage target. What is important to remember is that even a direct hit on a vital organ such as the heart will not guarantee an immediate inca- pacitation of a subject. The second most influential factor in sus- pect incapacitation is the psychological reac- tion to being shot. For the same reason we think a bullet will knock a person down, we also believe we should fall down when shot. This is not reality unless the central nervous system takes a direct hit. The body generally suppresses pain in high stress situations. This and a host of other fac- tors, such as adrenaline, PCP, crack, pain kill- ers, antidepressants or the famed ‘fight or flight’ syndrome can keep a person from succumbing For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 13 Geographic Information Systems for street cops

Geography has always played an im- portant role in law enforcement since a large part of the work involves managing information, in particular about locations. Traditional police approaches — confidential informants, street investi- gations, undercover operations — all deal with collecting data, which becomes much more important when there are effective analysis tools and methodolo- gies. This is where geographic informa- “Almost every room in any police tion systems play a significant role — building in Ottawa has an ArcView gen- allowing investigators to integrate and erated map posted on the wall. That analyze data to identify, apprehend and fact alone speaks volumes as to the im- prosecute suspects. portance of geographical reference in Geographic information systems INFORMATION ON THE STREET: Modern crime police work.” (GIS) helps officers effectively allocate mapping sotware is designed for every officer to use when Ottawa’s 150 patrol car laptop com- resources and improve policy. Though and as required. puters run customized GIS and compu- computer mapping has been around ter-aided dispatch software. Officers en since the 1970’s, its use has increased nology and training for advanced spatial analy- route to an incident can use keyboard controls to exponentially in the last few years with the sis techniques specific to this domain. It’s an- see an area map and determine how to react. In availability of more robust and user-friendly ticipated that a number of complementary tools addition, dispatch operators at headquarters can desktop applications. will be integrated into the ArcGIS platform, al- send backup based on information received from GIS has assisted many Canadian police serv- lowing users to combine the best data access patrol cars via a wireless communication link. ices in collecting and analyzing data, perform- and analysis tools currently available. Specialized units such as the Ottawa tactical ing route and crime mapping and disseminating “Since the adoption of mapping capabilities team and the forensic identification unit have come information. It’s much more efficient than in the crime analysis unit and in conjunction with to rely on maps and GIS technology. It’s cur- searching databases or paper records. the deployment of dynamic mapping capability rently being used in a major criminal case in Ot- The Ottawa Police Service’s (OPS) crime in patrol cars using mobile workstations, the in- tawa — crown attorneys, police investigators and analysis unit has used ArcView as one of its ternal demand for map products has increased GIS analysts are working together to compile the main tools to access and display crime data since dramatically,” said Resource/GIS Analysis Co- major elements, with maps being the ultimate out- 1996. It’s currently rolling out ArcGIS 8.1 tech- ordinator Fraser Moffatt. put that will be admitted as evidence in court.

February 2002 14 The Summit of the Americas allowed the probably location of an offenders home or base. Sûreté du Québec’s (SQ) geomatics division to The resulting profile can be used with other demonstrate how useful geomatics tools are and GIS information, such as an addressed street increase their profile within the organization. centreline database. Target addresses under pro- Six people provided around the clock GIS sup- file hotspots can be isolated and investigations port to police officers during the summit, fo- can be more focused. cusing on cartography. The OPP has dedicated officers for geo- A complete GIS was created in September, graphic profiling and its geomatics unit also sup- 2000 with help from local governments and ports high profile provincial government driven provincial agencies. Police data, including the initiatives such as the sex offender registry location of official sites, surveillance cameras, (SOR), which legislation requires it to maintain. hazardous materials sites and guards stationed This provincial database contains informa- along the routes to be used by dignitaries, were tion about known sex offenders, including their also incorporated into the system. address. A correct address is a critical compo- Several dozen maps were produced to sup- nent to SOR’s success, which relies on accurate port airport security planning activities. Live geo-spatial information from the geomatics unit. operational support involved the use of ArcView The SOR uses the JRN and is built using to follow various events, demonstrations and MapObjects, ArcSDE and Oracle. officers assigned to maintain order. Information, “The utilization of GIS at the OPP has including addresses, were entered into the sys- ushered in new opportunities to expand the tem using an ‘Access’ form. way that our organization uses one of its most A series of drop down lists was included in important assets, its own information,” said the form to maintain a standardized address for- OPP senior GIS specialist Colin MacDonald. mat and eliminate spelling and place name errors. “We are able to deliver critical spatial informa- The choice of a specific event city determined tion to decision makers in a timely fashion.” the list of streets available for selection. An auto- Peel Regional Police Service’s crime analy- matic address geo-referencing procedure was im- sis unit has used GIS since 1990 to analyze plemented, in cooperation with Environmental crime data and send information to assist po- Systems Research Institute (ESRI) Canada’s lice operations and investigations. It’s used to: Montreal office, to update maps rapidly. • Test spatial distribution of crime patterns. The geo-referencing procedure is based on • Perform regression analysis on spatial data the standards of the Québec Toponymy Com- to identify significant variables that may pre- mission. The up-to-date maps generated were vent or be responsible for crimes. displayed within the command centre. The ap- • Deduce offender’s spatial parameters to as- plications developed will be migrated and sist police investigations and direct police pa- adapted to the ongoing needs of the SQ. trol saturation. Officers were quite pleased with the geomatic • Conduct retrospective spatial analysis of division’s services and intend to permanently known criminal cases. integrate the technology into their activities. The results have helped investigators make The Ontario Provincial Police (OPP) arrests in unsolved cases. The unit utilizes GIS geomatics unit, part of the force’s information to analyze crime data in many diverse ways, management and information technology sec- including crime series and pattern detection, tion, has been using GIS for a number of years, linkage analysis, target profiling, crime-suspect including ESRI’s ArcInfo, ArcView, ArcSDE and correlation (suspect identification), suspect- ArcIMS technology, to create, maintain and de- crime correlation (case matching), hot spot ploy geographic information. analysis, crime radius mapping, crime mapping It developed the Justice Road Network density, crime probability mapping and foren- (JRN), a seamless, province-wide, addressed sic and “journey to” crime mapping. street centreline database compiled from many “GIS has added an important spatial dimen- different sources which is used in mission criti- sion to the analysis of crime data,” said Dr. cal applications such as CAD. Raphael Djabatey, head of the crime analysis unit. Based primarily on the JRN, the OPP’s de- “(Interpreting it) has provided valuable informa- tachment mapping will be deployed internally tion to assist police commanders and decision via ArcIMS connected to ArcSDE and Oracle. It makers in efficiently deploying police resources has several layers of geographic information to and developing tactical and strategic initiatives in accurately depict officer deployment. combating crime and apprehending criminals.” The OPP is responsible for six regions, each The unit uses ArcView and ArcInfo to per- with detachment areas and detachments which form analytical mapping functions and is currently are further broken down into patrol zones and evaluating ArcIMS as a web application tool for “atoms.” Officers can record crime occurrences disseminating crime-mapping products to patrol by atom into a records management system, pro- officers, investigators and police commanders. viding a common place to view and query all available crime information. The force uses an ESRI Canada has ten regional offices across the investigative technique called geographic profil- country. In addition to distributing the GIS software ing, an analytical methodology that determines products, including ArcInfo, ArcView GIS, ArcIMS, ArcPad and MapObjects, ESRI Canada provides the most probable area an offender lives in based consulting, training and technical support services. on the locations of a connected series of crimes. Geographic profiling can be effective for To Find out more go to . . . investigating a wide range of crimes. 3D prob- ability surfaces are generated, representing the

For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 15

Videotaping domestics boosts convictions by Les Linder Each of Hamilton’s four sta- there is less need to go to court to tions will receive two cameras while fight a defence, less stress placed on Several Canadian police the extra cameras are kept in case victims and it speeds up the whole agencies are catching on to any of the field equipment needs court proceeding since everything an initiative to help curb repairs or if an extra camera is needed. isn’t left to the memory anymore of problems associated with Det. Helena Russell, the service’s victims and witnesses.” handling domestic vio- domestic violence coordinator, said the Russel said she is hoping to add lence cases. cameras were promised in 1998 as part more video cameras in the future so of- In an attempt to in- of a domestic violence initiative but was ficers don’t need to share between them crease conviction rates, re- shelved because of a lack of funding. during shifts. The 16 Polaroid cameras are duce witness recantations in “We knew about Windsor’s program and it enough to ensure each shift has access to one, court and display the severity of was interesting to watch them develop it be- she said. a domestic assault to the court, agencies are cause we knew their success would also be our “Domestics don’t happen one at a time and beginning to provide video cameras to their of- success when the program started,” Russell said, we might need more than one if several calls ficers when attending domestic assault scenes. who’s expecting similar results to Windsor. come in to make sure we get the best convic- The Windsor Police Service in Ontario was “That in turn saves money overall because tions we can.” one of the first services in the country to de- ploy them and has seen significant successes. “What we’ve found by doing videotaped statements and capturing the scene on film is that it has increased our conviction rates sig- nificantly and saved (the police service) and the courts time and money,” said Staff Sgt. Jerome Brannagan of the Windsor Police Service. Rather than taking a written statement, of- ficers will instead videotape a statement to cap- ture the emotion of the victim and the scene, including any property damage. The tape is used as evidence in court and full disclosure is given to the defence lawyer. “When we disclose these tapes to the de- fence the lawyer and client have to consider whether they want a judge to see the tape or just plead guilty to the charge in hopes of a lesser sentence,” he said. Brannagan said the cameras has improved the service’s conviction rates substantially for the three years they have been in use. “It’s working very well. We’re extremely happy with it.” Currently the service is using three cameras, which cost about $600 each. Supervisors typi- cally bring the cameras to a scene when an officer calls in for one, Brannagan said. “Use of the cam- era is at the officer’s discretion and most often used only when a criminal charge is being laid.” Patrol officers are also pleased with the new equipment because it decreases the time needed to take statements, he said. A videotaped statement is about eight minutes long, whereas written statements can take much longer, he pointed out. “One of the biggest things going for it though is that witnesses can’t recant their statements, which makes the patrol officer’s work feel more appreciated.” Officers face frequent frustration when tak- ing victim or witness statements because they know the person may likely recant it later. The Windsor service has also helped sev- eral other agencies begin their own program. The Durham Regional Police recently received help in training with their new program and the Edmonton Police Service is also having discus- sions with Brannagan. The Hamilton Police Service in Ontario ini- tially looked into using the cameras in 1998 but was only able to get the funding to begin the program this year. The service received $30,000 in funding from the Hamilton Community Foun- dation and Edith Turner Foundation to purchase 10 video cameras and 16 Polaroid cameras.

February 2002 17 Black box proposal scuttled - for now by Les Linder strapped services. While Locke said many officers support Budget cutbacks have prevented the idea, the Niagara Regional Police Associa- Niagara Regional Police from tion has expressed concerns that the record- becoming the first Canadian ers will be used to spy on officers. He said the police service to use data re- service will take any necessary action if a re- corders in their vehicles. corder shows an officer had conducted him- The proposal by senior self inappropriately, but added “We’re not management was turned using it to spy on the officers. Our concern is down in December after eve- to use the recorders to defend officers.” rything but non-discretionary funding was cut. Association president Mike Gamble said Michael Locke, superintendent of ad- using data recorders is an insult towards of- ministrative services, said the service was ficers because it gives the impression that the hoping to be able to use the device to help service doesn’t trust its members. The only defend police officers from complaints and use the recorders have, he said, is to help the false allegations. Special Investigations Unit (SIU), which is “More often than not, officers are accused responsible for investigating incidents involv- of things that likely never happened the way ing police that result in serious injury or death. a complainant said it did,” Locke said. “We “Its a tool for (the SIU),” he said. “As far were hoping that by using the recorder we as our members go, it doesn’t provide any would have access to information that would BUDGET PRIORITIES: Determining what additional safety for them whatsoever.” Mak- mitigate our liability and officer’s conduct.” equipment is most needed... and most wanted. ing the SIU’s job easier shouldn’t be a prior- The recorders function much like the black ity for the service, he said, especially since it box devices used in airplanes. Information such can continue to rely on experts and forensic as vehicle speed, point of braking, acceleration He said while the data can help clear offic- engineers to determine what happened at an rate, deceleration, sudden lateral movement, use ers of false allegations, it can also serve as a accident scene. of lights and sirens and whether the ignition is ‘poison pill’ if defence counsels begin asking Gamble expressed surprise that management on or off is recorded and then downloaded to a for the data when their clients are accused of a would propose spending money on the record- personal computer for analysis. serious traffic violation. ers rather than hiring additional officers. The Canadian made recorders the service “There are dozens of scenarios where de- “We don’t have enough officers on the street was hoping to buy are capable of recording fence would want to subpoena those records,” and they’re going with more technological things continuously for 14 days and provide enough Locke said. “These are issues we want to look instead. At least if they insist on going with detailed data for five major or minor incidents, at carefully before we fully commit and that is technical things, why don’t they go with GPS said fleet supervisor Douglas Lawrence. The why it is being reviewed by the committee.” in our cars? That way if an officer is down and recorder can also be used in driver training to Locke said the ideal way to record data not responding, we know where they are - that’s help show people what went wrong in an would be to install a video camera in all cruis- a crucial safety issue right there.” accident. ers, adding that Niagara officers, like in other A GPS installed in every cruiser would also “A lot of times the only thing a person can areas, are subject to accusations on a daily ensure that vehicles are being used to patrol as remember about an accident is the collision,” basis. much territory as possible, as it can show how Lawrence said. “They don’t remember things “A camera would go a long way to getting much distance there is between them in real like whether or not sirens and lights were on. us that extra piece of information we need to time, Gamble said, adding that the equipment All the info in the recorder is critical to an of- get an officer off the hook.” wouldn’t cost much more than recorders. ficer being cleared.” However, like many other Canadian police “We can also see and pick the closest offic- The recorder can also be used for vehicle agencies, Niagara lacks the funding needed to ers to a call and make sure we get there in the and driver performance monitoring, ensuring purchase video cameras. The devices, such as fastest time possible.” that both driver and vehicle are working at top those used by US police agencies, can cost about He suggested the money would be even efficiency. Locke, however, expressed some $2,000 (CDN). Lawrence says data recorders better spent on ergonomic seats for vehicles to concern over how the data could be used and cost less than half that and includes software help prevent back problems caused by 12 hour the proposal was subsequently sent to a equip- and training to use and install the equipment, shifts spent on the road. He also agreed with ment committee for further review. making it a more viable option for financially Locke’s sentiment that video cameras would provide much more security and information for officers. “With the video camera, we can see what actually happens during a pursuit, traffic stop or a scuffle with someone. The data recorders just provide numbers and information we can look at, but doesn’t actually let us see what happened exactly - the cameras are much more accurate.” The cameras could potentially make peo- ple behave more appropriately knowing they are on camera when talking to an officer after a traffic stop, he said. Lawrence will continue to push for data recorders and hopes to see them installed in 2003. In the meantime, he’s considering install- ing recorders in several cruisers on a trial basis. For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 18 Overcoming Fear of PCs by Reid Goldsborough increase the expectation that things will get done people who had “excellent to good” training faster, which can add pressure to an already had more positive reactions to technology. Are you afraid of computers? Do you know pressure-filled situation and drive Those who received “fair to ter- someone who is? your anxiety level through the rible” training had more negative If you’ve grown up with personal com- roof. reactions. puters or been around them for any length of To overcome anxiety, seek out If you feel your training has time, you probably take them for granted. Af- help wherever you can, says been inadequate, find someone ter all, they’ve become nearly as commonplace Rosen, including your family. It in your organization who knows as dishwashers. may be a cliche in the information the technology and who can More than half of U.S. homes now have at age that kids are computer speak about it in a down-to-earth least one and 90 percent of school-age children mavens, but it’s often true. This fashion, recommends Rosen. have regular access to PCs, two-thirds from their shifts power away from parents Ask the person to show you one homes, according to the U.S. Census Bureau’s and towards children. or two things the technology latest statistics. As a parent, turn this upended does, then spend some time do- But there’s still a lot of fear and loathing power structure in your family to ing that. Don’t worry about about these machines. As many as 85 percent your advantage. “Make it a posi- making mistakes. of us have at least some level of discomfort tive a way for you to be proud of your chil- “If you get stuck, call your friend,” says around technology, including PCs, says Larry dren’s knowledge and for them to teach you Rosen. “When you want to learn more, call Rosen, co-author of the book TechnoStress: what they know,” says Rosen. “If they know your friend.” Coping with Technology @Work @Home how to search the net, for instance, let them As Ralph Waldo Emerson once wrote, “Fear @Play, who has a Web site at http:// show you. Do it as a family.” always springs from ignorance.” Knowledge is www.technostress.com In a work setting, help is crucial as well. a great antidote to fear. Once you know, you’re In work settings, two-thirds of people are You shouldn’t be on your own here, though too no longer afraid. “hesitant” about technology, says Rosen, a psy- often people are. A sixth of the workers Rosen chology professor at California State Univer- surveyed received no computer training at all, Reid Goldsborough is a syndicated columnist and sity. Fully 80 percent of people, according to while only one-third said they received excel- author of the book Straight Talk About the his studies, feel that workplace technology has lent or very good training. Information Superhighway. He can be reached at brought additional stresses to their lives. Not surprisingly, people who receive good eMail: [email protected] or Although the design of PC hardware and computer training have less computer stress. Webpage at: http://members.home.net/reidgold. software has improved over the years, clearly Rosen’s work indicates that those business there’s still room for more intelligent simplicity here. In the meantime, what do you do if you or somebody you know quakes around a PC at one level or another? Rosen, who prefers the broader term ‘technostress’ over the more common terms ‘technophobia’ or ‘computer phobia,’ says the first step is to is to understand that “essen- tially everybody” is feeling stressed out by technology. “You are not alone in your fears,” he says. Second, the fact is, “technology is frustrat- ing,” he says. Whether you’re dealing with less complex technologies such as cellular phones, pagers or voice mail or more complex devices such as computers, e-mail or the Internet, it’s inevitable that they will not always work the way you want. Don’t make the complex more complex than it already is, says Rosen. “Just because tech- nology can do many things at the same time, this doesn’t mean you have to.” Rosen has a name for this too: “multitasking madness.” By doing too many tasks at once, you don’t pay enough attention to any one task. Much here has to do with how time has become compressed in our increasingly frenzied lives. “Time is indelibly stamped on our rou- tines,” says Rosen. “This gives us an impossi- ble yardstick to measure ourselves against. We find ourselves getting impatient for a fax to go through, which might take 30 seconds, or for a computer to boot, which may take one minute.” The irony here is that personal computers, while enabling us to get things done faster, also

February 2002 19 New security measures included in five-year budget to prevent terrorist staging in Canada

The new national security measures outlined in this article Bill C-36 strengthens the Government’s ability to pursue those engaged are designed to prevent terrorist attacks in Canada and pre- in raising funds for terrorists and terrorist groups. The bill includes vent terrorists from using Canada as a staging area. measures to make the financing of terrorism a criminal offence. The Government’s plan is based on: • increased resources for intelligence and policing; • enhanced screening of arrivals to Canada; and • better emergency preparedness and support for Canada’s military. Security funding in this budget includes $1.2 billion for the Depart- ment of National Defence and its agencies. Over the next five years the cost of intelligence and policing actions will total more than $1.6 billion. This new funding builds on other recent initiatives such as those in the 2000 budget. The budget provided $1.1 billion over five years to the RCMP to strengthen policing and security activities. In addition, during the last two years the Government pro- vided more than $900 million over five years in a number of enforcement and intelligence areas. Budget 2001 provides almost $1.2 billion over the next five years to the RCMP, CSIS and other security-related federal departments to train, equip and deploy more intelligence officers, front-line investigative per- sonnel and other professional staff. CSIS will receive the biggest annual funding increase since its inception. This funding will also be used to upgrade technology and equipment for intelligence gathering and analysis. Part of this funding will be provided to the RCMP to increase the number of investigators and better train them to deal with terrorism. The RCMP will upgrade key information management systems to make the collection, analysis and dissemination of intelligence more efficient and effective. This budget provides $76 million over the next five years to strengthen inter-agency co-ordination on two fronts. First, funding will be pro- vided to the RCMP to establish Integrated National Security Enforce- ment Teams (INSETs), which will include representatives from federal enforcement and intelligence agencies, as well as provincial, municipal and international law enforcement partners. The INSETs will gather information to prevent, detect and prosecute criminal offences against Canada’s national security. Using intelligence from CSIS or its own sources, the INSETs will investigate criminal activities, analyze intelligence and ensure that all infor- mation is shared among integrated partners. Second, additional resources will be provided to the Canadian Public Safety Information Network. This network is a modern Canada-wide information system that enhances the timely and accurate sharing of information among criminal justice, enforce- ment and national security agencies. Enhanced Marine Security Canada is stepping up measures to protect its ports and other critical infrastructure from terrorist attacks and is increasing intelligence gathering to screen for potential terrorists as well as weapons and explosives. Funding in this budget will allow Fisheries and Oceans Canada to increase the scope and frequency of its surveillance flights over critical approaches to North America. This will enhance Canada’s capacity to identify and address potential marine threats. The Government will also provide resources to expand the Coast Guard’s surveillance of Canada’s waterways. Over the coming months Transport Canada will work with other organizations to identify further measures to improve marine security. Cutting off the financing that supports terrorism and denying terror- ists access to the nation’s financial system are a key element of the Government’s anti-terrorist strategy. The Government recognizes that these initiatives must be part of a co-ordinated international effort to ensure terrorism cannot simply shop jurisdictions until it finds an ac- commodating home. To deprive terrorists of the funds needed to finance their activities,

February 2002 20 Helping to fill the gap in community problem solving The Community Policing Management Pro- Participants are encouraged to bring along a police officers. An independent impact analy- gram (CPMP) is a continuing education pro- community or police partner. sis of the 1999 and 2000 programs found it gram for police managers and community lead- Guest speakers, led by Professor Collom, “has been achieving its objective of improving ers. It was begun in the mid-1990s when a group will speak on a variety of relevant topics and the skills of police and community leaders for of concerned officers and community leaders Dr. Fraser Mustard will help establish a clear shared problem solving.” identified a ‘gap’ in the delivery of community link between early childhood development and policing in Ontario — a lack of the advanced later problems. For more information, call Jim Lawson at 416 skills needed to work together to address prob- Through the case study, groups of six or 808-7760 or Peggy Austen at 613 591-3686. Call lems that call for a joint response. eight participants apply this material and the Constable Laura Houliston, OPP Sudbury, at Community-based policing concepts that PARE model to real-life community issues. 705 564-6900 to register. were merely talked about in the past are now Planned and delivered in partnership with The cost is $895 for police officers and $100 for being embraced by Canadian police agencies the School of Business at Queen’s University, community members and includes accommodation working to interpret and implement them in CPMP is a proven program with exceptional and meals. their jurisdictions. feedback from both community members and Community policing isn’t a simple concept and involves changing mindsets of police and the communities they serve, combining ‘tradi- tional’ police methods with cooperative prob- lem-solving skills. Among other things, it means cooperatively identifying and prioritizing prob- lems, mobilizing people and resources to ad- dress them, finding causes and crafting solu- tions. Often this means working in areas that for decades weren’t considered to be within the scope of police work. Community policing is a specialized, com- plex and comprehensive science that requires focused and extensive training for everyone practising it. The first CPMP program was offered in the spring of 1997, focusing on teaching police leaders how to manage projects and mobilize the community. It’s since grown to include an equal number of police and community leaders and the only requirement now is that partici- pants be in a position to participate in joint police-community projects. The sixth annual CPMP is being held at Queen’s University in Kingston from March 24 to 27, 2002. Partners include the Ontario Ministry of the Solicitor General, Ontario Po- lice College, Ontario Association of Chiefs of Police, Police Leadership Forum, OPP and the Toronto and Ottawa Police Services. The theme is Partners in Community Prob- lem Solving and the goal is to provide the prac- tical skills and knowledge needed to develop joint police-community problem solving initia- tives that will improve community safety, se- curity and well being. CPMP works on three main assumptions: • Truly effective community problem solving must involve both police and community. • Everyone has something to contribute to the community problem solving process. • Problem antecedents are often disregarded in police problem solving (we don’t always analyze where problems come from before we try to solve them). Participants are led through a proven prob- lem-solving formula (the OPP’s PARE model, developed in 1997) as they work to solve real- life issues facing an Ontario community. This year’s case study will be based on problems facing the southwestern Ontario community of Chatham-Kent. For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 21 Thought disorders puzzling for everyone by Dr. Dorothy Cotton Ph.D., C. Psych. with schizophrenia. Sometimes when they do not your most common instrument but a fa- have thoughts, they seem to be someone else’s — it’s like they, or the tv or radio, stuck their According to the manners, my hand-shoe vourite of Frank Zappa who named his chil- dren odd things but then again Sept 11th was an thoughts in your head. isn’t ever out of latching with the laugh. Bless- I could go on and on about thought disorder ings are redand as indeed the megalore are. odd date as is January 1 which makes you won- der if any holidays fall on even dates. Of course but I think you get the picture. What’s the Ah, my grade seven English teacher would point? If someone’s speech is this screwed up, be proud. He was a major stickler for grammar I have been married for a long time and I don’t date so maybe I’d better back up and explain you can be pretty sure their thoughts are equally and as a result, I am pretty good at it. Nary messed up and that has a lot of implications for does a participle dangle nor an infinitive dare to even though I find it much easier to back up in my little Subaru than in the van... how you deal with such folks. split in my presence. But one thing I’ve discov- What do you do with a person who is thought ered in my years of writing is that grammar You still there? Perhaps I’d really better explain thought disorder. The definition is easy. disordered? It depends — you’ll have to size up isn’t everything. Consider the first two sen- the situation and decide whether he’s just mut- tences of this article. The grammar is fine and It means a disruption in the form and flow of thought and, as I mentioned, you often get a tering away at the hydrant or about to cause dandy. The nouns and verbs line up nicely and serious harm to someone. That’s your call but the punctuation is all where it ought to be. The clue about this from listening to someone’s speech. I’ve given you a number of examples. there are a few things worth bearing in mind: problem is that the content is a little out to • Assume that if someone’s speech doesn’t lunch. The sentences don’t make any sense. People with thought disorder may tend to go off on tangents — as I did in the paragraph make much sense and thus their thoughts don’t Who would actually generate sentences like either, they may be having a hard time figur- that? Well, could be me after too much partying above. You can see where it was going; each part was actually connected to the parts before ing out what on earth you are saying to them. and not enough sleep, which causes the wires in If they appear uncooperative, it may well be the brain to short circuit a bit. Could be a per- — but not in the way that most of us would do it. You might call the speech ‘derailed,’ kind of because they don’t understand. son with permanent short-circuiting from a head • Try talking in short, simple sentences. Forget injury, stroke or Alzheimer disease — but it like a train wreck. The associations between one part and the next are there, but are pretty the wherefores and why not’s, don’t give a lot also could be a person suffering from a psy- of options, keep it brief and repeat yourself. chotic disorder like schizophrenia. This jum- loose. That is probably why some wise person cleverly decided to call these symptoms things • If a person is really thought disordered, you’re bled up speech could be an indication of what not likely going to get much out of them that we call ‘thought disorder.’ Figuring out if some- like ‘derailment,’ ‘tangentiality’ and ‘loosening of associations.’ Profound, eh? makes sense. You might want to think about one has it is a bit of stab in the dark because how hard you should try. Offer a little sympa- (duh) you can’t exactly see anyone’s thoughts, Sometimes the assembly of words just doesn’t make any sense — like in the first para- thy and try to give some direction but quizzing so you never really know what’s going on in them over and over may not get you anywhere their heads. But you can make a guess at it graph. That would be ‘incoherence.’ Sometimes the words are used in a funny way. Ever hear of and might make them even more upset. based on what they say and how they act. • Be patient; If they don’t respond, it may be Speaking of acting, I went to a play the a hand-shoe? I bet you haven’t but I also bet you can figure out what it is — a glove of course. because they can’t. other night at the local theatre which is quite • Have only one person talk to the confused near the drug store where I got a card for my That would be a metonym, as opposed to the word ‘megalore’ which means... well, I haven’t person. That’s more than enough. Keep in mother who lives in Florida where is it warm mind that if they’re thought-disordered, they which it was here in November which was al- a clue. It’s a made-up word or neologism. It would have some special meaning for the per- may also be hallucinating, which means ready more than two months after the Septem- they’re already talking to at least one other ber 11th event in New York where my daughter son who coined it but not for the rest of us. “Thought blocking” would be another type set of voices. It can get pretty confusing to be went last spring with her school class and carrying on all those conversations at once. bought a really neat black shirt which looks of thought disorder. It’s when a person has ab- solutely no thoughts in their head. We all talk • A thought disordered person may be like a good on her even though black is not my best person who doesn’t speak your language. color which is too bad because I have to wear about going blank sometimes; it doesn’t really happen to most of us but it can to a person Consider using non-verbal communication. black for orchestra in which I play the bassoon, Gesture, point, write things down. • Now this may seem REALLY dumb but try smiling. Psychotic people are very often afraid. If they don’t respond to your words they may respond to your demeanour. It can be hard for you police persons to look non- threatening when you have body armour and a zillion gallons of guns and sticks and radios and stuff all over you. Frankly, you look a little like Martians in all that regalia. If you want to reassure and calm someone down, look friendly. • You might also want to pay close attention to their body language as well; it might tell you more than their speech. Puzzling, this thought disorder stuff — puzzling to you and puzzling to the person who is living with it.

Dr. Dorothy Cotton has been practicing psychology for more than 20 years, “providing service for adults of all ages.” She holds degrees from McGill, Purdue and Queen’s Universities and can be reached by email at [email protected].

February 2002 22 In your December 2001 issue, you wrote a light! Every gooseneck map light is broken off commentary entitled, “Who did all this dam- in almost all of our vehicles. The only way for age?” It was great! I think we have the same them to be broken is the officers have to be person in our department that does the same playing with them! type of damage. Your commentary hit it right on the head. I You mentioned the steering wheel. We had drive a vehicle full-time every night, and usu- the exact damage. What we found out, and we ally the same vehicle. This is my office for eight thought it was somebody cutting the steering hours... my home away from home. Yet, every wheel with a knife too, that it was not done with night I get into this vehicle, there is trash strewn a knife. What happened was that heavyset offic- around, a mess nobody cleaned up, or some ers or officers that sat close to the steering wheel new damaged part. And that doesn’t include was causing the knicks/cut-outs. When they ex- just the inside. New dents, scuffed tires, dented ited the vehicle, their duty belt and equipment wheel covers, pealing decals, just to name a few attached to the belt was catching on the soft are the outside problems. Since it is not the padding of the steering wheel and ripping a sec- officer’s personal car, they just do not care. tion out - making it look like someone had taken Thanks for hearing my side and please keep a knife to cut a notch into it. Now, I am not up the great articles/commentary’s. It was well saying that all notches made in the steering wheel worth it! were caused by accident. Some officer could have David J. Armitage used a knife. But you are right! Some officers do New Jersey not take care of the equipment because it isn’t theirs. We have all the same damage you described Editor’s Note: Thanks for that input on the in your article. But here’s two you didn’t men- steering wheel damage. The duty belt very well tion and you can probably relate. could be the reason. I often wondered how so The dashboard panel “dimmer switch!” many steering wheels got so cut up consistently Now, you tell me how a dimmer switch would in the fleet. Makes me wonder what piece of get broken and pushed in? Once it’s set, there equipment on the belt does this and what dam- is no reason in the world to touch it, yet in age does this do to that equipment. If any of our two or three of our patrol vehicles, they are readers have any sage advice or a question on completely broken! how things get in the condition they find them Here’s another one: The gooseneck map drop us a line. eMail: [email protected]

Law permits taking suspects’ blood Dalhousie University

Health officers in Certificate in Police Leadership Ontario can now order blood sam- ples to be taken “The Police Leadership and Management Development course from anyone sus- has opened my eyes. It has improved my understanding of just pected of trans- how police organizations fit into society. Furthermore, it has mitting an infec- assisted me with leadership and management skills which are tious disease dur- very necessary in today’s policing society.” ing a medical emergency or criminal act. The new law, which began as a private members bill and was passed before the Courses in this unique distance education program include: Ontario Legislature’s Christmas break, also > Police Leadership and Management Development > Communication Skills for Police Personnel covers medical personnel who may have > Community-Based Policing been exposed while on the job. > Problem-Oriented Policing “The officer who is bitten, the sexual > Police Human Resource Management WO Glen Rideout assault victim and the Good Samaritan who Detachment Commander > Budgeting and Financial Management Canadian Embassy helps an accident victim will now have the > Legal Issues in Policing Beijing, China right to know whether their health has been > Policing and the Law of Human Rights put at risk,” Bob Baltin, president of the > Advanced Police Leadership Police Association of Ontario, was quoted > Managing Police Performance: Coaching Skills (includes a 3-day workshop) as saying. “We need to do everything we can to protect these valuable members who put If you would like more information or wish to have a brochure mailed to you please contact their lives on the line for safety,” said Con- Sherry Carmont-MacBean, Program Manager at (902) 494-6930. You may also write to Sherry via e-mail at [email protected] or to the address below. Detailed information and servative MPP Garfield Dunlop, who in- registration forms can also be found on our web site. troduced the bill. Information from the tests can’t be Henson College, Dalhousie University 6100 University Avenue used for criminal prosecution and is sub- Halifax NS B3H 3J5 Learning Solutions ject to privacy laws. www.dal.ca/~henson/police/indexcpl.html for a Changing World

For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 23 Now you can put CPIC in your pocket by Tom Rataj Extending this type of capability to offic- 950 model, are also available as regular two- ers without cars also allows police agencies to way pagers at the retail level through their re- Mobile data terminals (MDTs), which be- further leverage the unique advantages of alter- spective cell-phone vendors across Canada. gan appearing in North American police cars nate patrol methods and allows them many of In addition to two-way text messaging, the over 20 years ago, brought an unprecedented the same advantages enjoyed by their car-based BlackBerry also features e-mail and personal or- level of efficiency, giving officers complete ac- colleagues. ganizer software providing an electronic date book cess to computer aided dispatch (CAD), CPIC Recognizing these advantages led to the with features similar to a Palm or Pocket PC. and other data. development of a wireless CAD The New Westminster (BC) and In most places the MDT has now been and CPIC access system by South Simcoe (Ontario) police replaced with the far more flexible mobile com- one of Canada’s largest infor- services and several RCMP de- puter, which improves efficiency even more and mation technology (IT) com- tachments are all planning pi- provides a solid foundation for the complete panies. Xwave Inc. has paired lot projects using the pagers mobile police office. While car-based solutions its software design and inte- but are waiting for final ap- are excellent, they don’t help foot-patrol, bicy- gration strengths with the proval from CPIC. cle, motorcycle and mounted officers, who are Research in Motion (RIM) A BlackBerry equipped of- left with nothing more than a radio or cell-phone. BlackBerry pager, provid- ficer inputs the information he/ The self-serve nature of the mobile computer is ing a complete wireless so- she wants to query in the ap- the true operational difference, since access to lution for all non car-based propriate CPIC fields in the information sources can be obtained without officers. OnPatrol software and then having to rely on or interrupt someone else (who The aptly named sends it the request in a manner is probably busy with their own work). ‘OnPatrol’ software similar to e-mail. The results are Self-serve checks eliminate errors that oc- loaded on it connects field returned the same way. cur when the information an officer submits is officers with CPIC and Equipped with this product misunderstood. Having someone else view and their local CAD system. the officer can simply and with relay results also likely means they filter the Models 857 and 957 are complete privacy run queries on in- information using a different criteria, potentially two-way pagers, which dividuals or any other CPIC file or missing crucial information that the officer measure a mere 1.17cm tall by connected database without assist- would recognize. 7.85cm wide and 1.8cm thick (4.6" x 3.1" x ance. The pagers and software are expected to Studies show that the number of checks 0.70") and featuring a backlit grey-scale LCD cost less than $1,000 and access to the wireless done by an officer in a car equipped with a display and a small ‘thumb’ keyboard. Weigh- data network will run under $100 per month mobile computer far exceeds the number done ing in at only 150g (5.3 ounces), including the per pager. in a car without one; and not only are there rechargeable battery, they easily fit into a shirt Each unit uses 128-bit encryption and a more checks, there are also far more arrests and or jacket pocket. The BlackBerry uses the log-on password, application lockout and re- tickets issued. data communications capabilities of public cel- mote erasure, securing the data as it’s sent and A mobile computer based solution also re- lular phone systems to send and receive mes- received and the device itself. While it may ap- lieves a substantial burden on a voice-radio sys- sages, including internet e-mail. The 857 model pear expensive, when compared against the hard- tem by moving all the CAD and CPIC based works on the Bell Mobility DataTAC network, ware and operational costs of cell-phones ($500 traffic off the air. With this relief come numerous while the 957 uses the Rogers AT&T Mobitex or more annually), portable radios ($2,500 or tactical, operational and officer safety advantages. network. Both models, as well as the smaller more plus infrastructure) and mobile comput- ers ($6,000 or more plus infrastructure), the cost is relatively modest. Alberta Transport Inspection The software provides the capability to Services receives accreditation send and receive operational messages, includ- ing sending CPIC messages to any ORI on the Alberta’s Transportation Inspection Serv- Canada,” noted Alberta Transportation Min- system. Connected to a CAD system such as ices Branch has become the eighth Canadian ister Ed Stelmach. “This enforcement accredi- Xwave’s Computer Integrated and Information enforcement agency to be accredited by the tation is a highly prized professional dis- Commission on Accreditation for tinction that will promote the de- Dispatch System (CIIDS), the pager provides Law Enforcement Agencies partment’s reputation as a leader a complete solution for foot patrol officers. (CALEA). amongst its peers and provincial en- OnPatrol’s CAD capability gives officers CALEA granted the three year forcement agencies across Canada.” access event fetch, reports, event history, unit accreditation after completing an “We are not a police agency, nor history, unit status, active event report, monitor on-site assessment last August as are we trying to be. Law enforcement activity in zone, at scene, en route, out of serv- the final step in the process. accreditation is a highly prized pro- ice, cleared at scene and an emergency button. The program is voluntary fessional distinction which demon- This wireless product will deliver numer- and requires an agency to achieve strates that Inspection Services is ous benefits at a relatively modest cost. Foot, or exceed professional enforce- committed to operating in line with bicycle, motorcycle and mounted patrol offic- ment standards and to be re-evaluated every modern best-practices in support of its goal ers will now be able to help themselves to the three years. of improving safety,” said Steve Callahan, Ex- same information as their car-based colleagues. The branch is responsible for ensuring pub- ecutive Director of Inspection Services. Tom Rataj is Blue Line Magazine’s lic vehicles comply with provincial and federal Alberta Transportation employs 164 Technology Editor. He can be contact at laws and regulations, promoting safety for all transport inspection officers. [email protected]. highway users and developing and applying The Edmonton, Lethbridge, Camrose, enforcement standards for motor carriers. Winnipeg, Peel and Niagara police services To find out more about these products go to “Inspection Services is the first prov- and the Niagara Parks Police are the other ince-wide agency to earn accredited status in Canadian agencies accredited.

February 2002 24 Preparing to use the new CPIC by Brian Cameron changes to the interactive messaging and di- rectory services functions for CPIC Windows What do I need to know before CPIC Re- and require training 15,000 users at about newal rolls out its changes? 3400 work stations. How are all these changes going to affect Nine workshops were held across Canada my work? towards the end of last year to help prepare for Questions like these are being addressed now the roll out of the new version. Each developed with a comprehensive strategy to meet the train- a detailed schedule for training and deploying ing needs of a large and varied user community. infrastructure in a specific province or region. The CPIC renewal training strategy was devel- The process will occur between May 1, 2002 oped in consultations with users by a steering and April 30, 2003. Each schedule was estab- committee which included representatives from lished to allow a two-week training period, with CPIC Services, Infomatics and the CPIC Re- installation to follow within two weeks. Each newal Project. province or region has been broken down into CPIC will be renewed with a series of tech- zones and each zone has a training centre within nical and functional releases (changes) to the a one-hour drive of agencies. The training proc- system over a period of two to four years. Some ess will be as follows: will have little or no effect on end users while • first-level trainers will be trained in Ottawa. others will significantly impact them. Agencies • first-level trainers will train second-level (ex- will be affected in different ways, depending on pert users) in each zone. how they use the system. For these reasons, • second-level users will then assist in training the committee is also preparing ‘release-spe- end users, who will also work with a self- cific’ training work plans that will take into ac- new end users. directed learning CD-ROM. count the different kinds of impact each change We’re almost finished developing training “The process we’ll follow for version 2.0 will have. strategies for the first two releases, which are will be a good test of the principles of our over- The overall goal is to make sure that each scheduled to be rolled out in parallel beginning all training strategy,” says Supt. Roger St. Mar- change is integrated smoothly into the work around April and include: tin. “We’ve got to make sure that all end users environments of all user communities, with no • Replacing PACT: A new interface will be in- have a good understanding of the benefits and interruptions in service. “Everyone understands troduced for external agencies, replacing the underlying business practices of the new CPIC there’s no room for mistakes on the job as these current PACT and CIIDS, but will not im- system; and on the day-to-day working level, changes take place,”says Superintendent Roger pact end-users. it’s crucial that they learn the most effective St. Martin, officer in charge of CPIC Services. • CPIC Windows v2.0, which will introduce and efficient way to use it.” In general, three kinds of training will be needed: • Business functions training to show manag- ers and operators how to benefit fully from the new system and the business changes that will be required. • Operations training to show CPIC operators the new work routines they will need to follow. • Operational support training for specialized tasks such as auditing CPIC use. The training strategy to be followed for each release will be determined by analyzing the tech- nical elements of each release and the way they will impact our wide variety of user communi- ties. The steering committee is also assessing the associated expenses with a view to deter- mining appropriate cost sharing with user agen- cies. For the most part, this will be based on existing CPIC practices. The training strategy calls for a flexible ap- proach based on what’s most cost effective and the needs of users, with a combination of elec- tronic self-paced learning, instructor-lead train- ing and job aids such as the familiar quick refer- ence guide. Instructor-based training will use a ‘train- the-trainer’ approach, following the existing CPIC agency delivery infrastructure as much as possible. The actual training will be done as close as possible to the release date so that it will still be fresh in users’ minds when the change takes place. Finally, once the initial implementation training is completed, CPIC Services will en- sure that ongoing instruction is provided for For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 25 Police officers charged in anthrax threat hoax Tomato accident Two Philadelphia police officers were while on duty, in a police car and in full uni- helps homeless charged last November with sending an anthrax form,” Abraham was quoted as saying. threat hoax from their patrol car computer to Norman’s lawyer, Jeff Kolansky, said his Quick thinking cops in Montreal brought every police car and dispatch centre in the city. client told investigators McFadden typed the an early holiday gift to several homeless shel- District Attorney Lynne Abraham said the message as a joke. ters after a tomato truck spilled its cargo. text message read in part: “We don’t care... we Kolansky said Norman thought the message Provincial police put more than 300 crates can’t stand America. We have anthrax in our car...” had been deleted but apparently it was sent. of fresh tomatoes in their cruisers and took them Officers Gina McFadden and Dawn Nor- McFadden, an officer since January 2000 to homeless shelters, which were expected to man turned themselves in after warrants were and Norman, an officer since October 1997, had provide ample servings of tomato juice, salads issued for their arrest, Abraham said. no prior disciplinary problems, Norris said. and pasta sauce for two weeks. The two officers could face up to 46 years A truck carrying the tomatoes swerved out of in jail if convicted on all nine charges, which control on a Montreal-area expressway in late No- include felony counts of criminal mischief and Unlucky gas station vember. The truck-driver escaped injury but many criminal conspiracy and misdemeanour counts bandit gets nabbed of the tomatoes were damaged in the accident. of terrorist threats and making false reports, Cst. Bruno Duquette, who was monitoring Abraham said. Of all the gas stations in the city, he tried to a police barricade set up near the accident, went “I believe it was something that got out of rob this one. to see how the cleanup was proceeding. He then hand,” deputy police commissioner and inter- The Vancouver Police Service said just be- got the idea to donate the remaining undamaged nal affairs head John Norris was quoted as say- fore midnight on New Year’s Eve a man told a tomatoes to charity. ing. gas station clerk he had a gun and wanted money. “The transport company said the tomatoes Norris said the officers denied sending the Moments later a police officer who had been were a total loss because of the accident. There’s message but would not divulge how they ex- using the washroom came out and easily ar- a lot of poverty in Montreal. So rather than just plained the incident. rested the man. throwing them out, I thought, why not give them “We don’t know whether they were joking A 29-year Burnaby, B.C., resident now faces to charity since most of the tomatoes were still or serious but obviously they were fooling around, robbery charges. in good shape,” Duquette was quoted as saying. Duquette called for help from Transport Quebec workers, who helped police recover the Officers nurse dog Chief escapes Santa tomatoes, which were then taken to to Mon- treal-area shelters. bites assault Rino Caron, a volunteer at the Acceuil Officers in a suburban Washington police A man dressed as Santa Claus is accused of Bonneau shelter, said the tomatoes were an early department are nursing wounds — from their trying to run over a police chief with his car. Christmas gift. “It’s a little bonus that will go a long way. own police dogs. Police in Pennsylvania said William Hatzell, These tomatoes can last up to 15 days in the The Justice Department has spent two 57, was wearing a full Santa suit when he was years investigating the canine unit of Prince refrigerator, so we plan to use every one,” Caron stopped in December and questioned by Bethel George’s County police. was quoted as saying. That’s after police dogs bit at least 60 civil- Township police Chief David Houser. ians in 1998. The county settled 17 excessive- Houser said Hatzell was wearing the suit at force lawsuits in four years. a farmer’s market and appeared to have been Chief lands in hot A major Washington newspaper reported drinking. in December that 36 officers have filed work- When he was asked for identification, Hatzell water after burger ers’ compensation claims following dog bite in- refused to hand it over, and instead backed his dispute cidents since 1990. car into Houser, police said. The car drove off If you get into an argument about your lunch More than half a dozen other officers have with Houser clinging to its side mirror. He fell order, you can send it back, or you can take been bitten but failed to file claims. off and was not seriously injured. Since 1999, police have been retraining the your business elsewhere - or if you’re the po- dogs to bark before they bite. But one expert Police arrested Hatzell a short time later, lice chief, you can arrest the owner of the diner. says that’s confusing to the animal. still wearing the costume. He was arraigned be- Police Chief Joseph Elizarde in Inverness, One K9 officer says in his profession, fore a district justice on charges of aggravated Florida is on paid leave while officials investi- “sooner or later you’re going to be bit.” assault and attempting to elude a police officer. gate whether he did anything wrong. He had a diner owner arrested in January in Officer shot dead a dispute over a hamburger order. The Great Mac Attack! Elizarde denies wrongdoing in the New by Tony MacKinnon by son Year’s Day altercation with the owner of the “ ..AND DUE TO BUDGET A rookie police officer in Nashville, Ten- Happy Dayz Diner, Butch Ramsey. RESTRAINTS, IT WILL JUST BE nessee has been shot to death by his three-year- According to Ramsey’s wife, Chief Elizarde THE THREE OF US ..... BUT THE CHIEF DID WISH US ALL old son. ordered two burgers over the phone and when THE BEST! ” Police say 22-year-old Joshua Haffner was he called back 20 minutes later, he became up- shot in January when the toddler grabbed the set that the burgers weren’t done. man’s service weapon from a kitchen table. The chief came to the restaurant, wearing Haffner had just come home from his shift. sweat pants, and talked to the owner, who ap- Officials say the officer was taking off his parently didn’t know Elizarde was the police duty equipment and laid his gun on the kitchen chief. table. There was an altercation. Elizarde says he Apparently while Haffner had his back was pushed. turned and was talking to his wife, their young- The city manager says he’s put the chief on ster picked the gun up and shot him. leave so that the city attorney can investigate The officer was shot once in the upper back. what happened.

February 2002 26

Canada’s top court rules strip searches “presumptively unreasonable” by Mike Novakowski to a booth. The remaining patrons were asked “The removal or rearrangement of some or to leave, the front door locked and the accused all of the clothing of a person so as to permit a The Supreme Court of Canada recently re- forced to bend over a table. His pants were visual inspection of a person’s private areas, leased the reasons behind its decision finding a lowered to his knees, exposing his buttocks and namely genitals, buttocks, breasts (in the case strip search of a Toronto drug suspect unrea- genitalia, and officers tried to seize the package of female) or undergarments.” sonable R. v. Golden 2001 SCC 83. but the accused tightly clenched his buttocks Using this definition, the court found the The majority (5-4) examined the long-stand- and then accidentally defecated. accused had actually been subjected to three ing common law rule respecting the power to An officer retrieved a pair of dishwashing strip searches: search incidental to arrest. In reviewing the ju- gloves from an employee and had another of- • In the stairwell, when the officer pulled back risprudence, the court continued to recognize ficer hold the accused’s legs while he was face the pants and underwear of the accused and that searches conducted in the absence of a down on the floor. He eventually managed to looked at the accused’s buttocks. warrant are prima facie unreasonable. At com- remove a package containing 10.1 grams of co- • In the restaurant, when police pulled down mon law, the police have the right to search an caine. The accused was subjected to a further the accused’s pants and underwear to his arrested person for weapons or evidence re- strip search at the police station. knees while attempting to seize the package. lated to the arrest. Although a search incidental At trial he was convicted of possession of a • At the police station, when the accused was to arrest does not generally require reasonable narcotic for the purpose of trafficking. His ap- again strip searched. grounds beyond that necessary to support the peal to the Ontario Court of Appeal was dis- For practical purposes, the following points arrest, the court carved out an exemption to missed. He appealed to the Supreme Court of are noteworthy: this common rule in cases of strip searches. Canada, arguing that his s.8 charter right to be • The common law power to search incident to Toronto police were targeting an area known secure against unreasonable search and seizure arrest does include the power to strip search. for drug trafficking when they observed, through was violated and that the evidence should be • Although permissible as an incident to arrest, a telescope, the accused dealing what appeared excluded under s.24(2) of the charter. strip searches are presumptively unreason- to be cocaine to two people. As officers moved In identifying strip searches as often hu- able and the onus lies with the police in justi- in to arrest him and two other suspects, they miliating, degrading, traumatic and representing fying the search. noticed him crush a white substance between a significant invasion of privacy, the majority For a strip search to be justified as an inci- his fingers and found what appeared to be crack held that the officer must have reasonable dent to arrest, the following three requirements cocaine under a table where one of the suspects grounds to justify a strip search in addition to must be met in balancing the privacy interests had been arrested. those used to justify the arrest. of the individual and the interests of the police The accused was pat frisked and his pock- Strip searches carried out as a matter of and the public in securing evidence and ensur- ets checked but no weapons or evidence was routine or policy, abusively or for the purpose ing safety: found. The arresting officer led him to a landing of humiliating or punishing the arrestee will be 1. The arrest must be lawful since the lawful- at the top of a stairwell, undid his pants, pulled unreasonable, the court stated. Furthermore, ness of the search derives from it; if the arrest them back and observed a clear plastic wrap strip searches should be conducted at the po- isn’t lawful, the resulting search won’t be ei- with a white substance protruding from between lice station unless there are exigencies requiring ther. In many cases, the belief that reasonable his buttocks. it to be conducted in the field. In this case, the grounds for arrest exist is a condition prec- A scuffle ensued when he attempted to re- court adopted the following definition of a strip edent to a valid arrest. In the absence of rea- move the package and the accused was escorted search: sonable grounds upon which to base the ar- rest, any search conducted will also be invalid. 2. The search must be incidental to the arrest. Its purpose or objective must in some way be “connected” or “related” to the arrest and its manner and scope must bear some rea- sonable relationship to the offence suspected and the evidence sought. Searching does not envelop purposes that have no connection to the reason for the arrest. For example, a search for drugs following a drug arrest would be incidental to arrest. A traffic violation ar- rest wouldn’t permit a search for drugs, even if the officer had prior knowledge of the ar- restee’s involvement with drugs. Police must possess reasonable grounds to not only justify an arrest but also the strip search — for safety or evidentiary purposes in the particular circumstances of the arrest. These reasonable grounds are independent from those justifying the arrest. Mere possi- bility that a person has weapons or evidence upon their person is insufficient to justify a strip search. 3. The physical manner or method of the search must be carried out in a just and proper fash- ion, not by abusive means, and the scope of For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 28 the intrusion must be proportionate to the • In station strip searches, police must demon- search objectives and other circumstances of strate reasonable grounds justification and The search of a person may be divided into essentially four distinct categories: the situation. In deciding whether the man- evidence it was conducted in a reasonable man- • pat down or frisk search ner in which a strip search was conducted ner. Exigent circumstances need not be proven. • strip or skin search meets the constitutional requirements of s.8 In the Toronto case, the majority found the • body cavity search of the Charter, the following questions pro- search unreasonable since the officer lacked • bodily substance search vide guidance: grounds to believe the accused had drugs se- There’s no dispute that police can frisk • Was the search conducted at the police sta- creted on his body and there was an absence of search a person incidental to their arrest. A tion; if not, why? exigency; the location of the arrest was two frisk search is a “relatively non-intrusive • Was the health and safety of all involved minutes from the police station. procedure: outside clothing is patted down ensured? Even though the officer had discovered co- to determine whether there is anything on • Was the search authorized by a supervisor? caine hidden in suspects’ private areas in at least the person of the arrested individual. Pock- • Was the officer the same gender as the arrestee? 12 of 200 previous narcotic related arrests, this ets may be examined but the clothing is not • Were the number of officers involved in the was ruled insufficient to justify the strip search removed and no physical force is applied. search reasonable? at the restaurant. The officer had no informa- The duration of the search is only a few • Was the minimum force necessary used? tion that the accused had reached into his pants seconds” Cloutier & Langlois v. Bedard • Was the search conducted in private? to remove drugs, nor was there any bulging or (1990) 53 C.C.C. (3d) 257 (S.C.C.). • Was the search conducted as quickly as protrusion to suggest concealment. As the court However, the more physical or intru- possible? noted, “the decision to strip search was prem- sive a search, the greater the justification • Was the search conducted in such a way that ised largely on a single officer’s hunch, arising (reasonable grounds) required. Body cavity searches are inherently more intrusive than the suspect was not completely undressed from a handful of personal experiences.” a routine frisk search or strip search and at any one time? Interestingly though, the court found that will require a high level of justification R. v. • Was the search only a visual inspection or there would have been reasonable grounds to Greffe [1990] 1 S.C.R. 755 (S.C.C.). was there physical contact? conduct the strip search at the police station As noted in Golden, police should give • Was the arrestee provided the option of self- on the basis that police observed two drug the arrestee the chance to remove the item removal or medical assistance if a weapon or transactions, crack cocaine was found under or seek proper medical assistance. In evidence is observed in a body cavity? the table at the restaurant, the accused was Stillman v. the Queen [1997] 1 S.C.R. 607 • Was a proper record of the reasons and man- seen crushing the drug between his fingers and (S.C.C.), the Supreme Court carved out an ner of search kept? the officers limited experience in suspects con- exception to the scope of search incident to Other points: cealing drugs. arrest respecting the seizure of bodily sam- • Strip searches are inherently humiliating and Finally, even though the accused resisted ples (namely hair samples, buccal swabs and degrading regardless of the manner in which the officer’s attempts to remove the package teeth impressions). they are conducted and therefore cannot be by clenching his buttocks, the way the search Absent valid statutory authority, “the carried out as a matter of routine or policy. was carried out demonstrated considerable dis- common law power of search incidental to Performing them routinely or under policy regard for the accused’s dignity and physical arrest cannot be so broad as to encompass would be unreasonable unless there is a com- integrity. Since the accused had already served the seizure… of bodily samples in the face pelling reason justified in the circumstances. his 14-month sentence in full, the court found of a refusal to provide them.” In short, the • There’s a distinction between strip searches no merit in engaging in a s.24(2) analysis to greater the intrusion into one’s personal dig- on arrest and those done for security reasons determine if the evidence should none-the-less nity and privacy the greater the justifica- tion and constraints as to the manner in which in full custodial settings such as prisons. The be admitted despite the Charter breach. As a they may be reasonably conducted. appropriateness of routinely strip searching result, an acquittal was entered. individuals integrated into a prison popula- tion cannot be used to justify searches of in- dividuals briefly detained by police or held overnight in cells. Although police officers have legitimate concerns that short term de- tainees may conceal weapons, these concerns cannot justify routine strip searches of all arrestees, regardless of the particular circum- stances surrounding the arrest, and must be addressed on a case-by-case basis. • Strip searches should generally be conducted at a police station, except in exigent circum- stances where there’s reasonable grounds to believe the search is necessary in the field, such as an urgent need to search for weapons. • A suspect should be given a chance to remove items themselves or the assistance or advice of trained medical professionals should be sought to ensure material can be safely re- moved. When the reasonableness of a strip search is challenged, the police (crown) bear the onus of proving on a balance of probabili- ties that it was warranted. • In field strip searches, police must demon- strate reasonable grounds justification, exigent circumstances and evidence it was conducted in a reasonable manner. For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 29 First impressions count A critical review of the police uniform tendering process by Tricia Rudy OBSTACLE ONE Buying uniforms and The tendering process equipment appears, from the Most departments with more than 100 outside, one of the simplest members are obliged by law to purchase all aspects of policing. Once you clothing and equipment through a ‘fair and become part of the process equitable tendering process.’ This, in its though, it quickly becomes a different story. purest form, is designed to allow all suppli- I was in the business of selling uniforms to ers a fair and equal opportunity to bid and Canadian Police for 10 years, from 1990 to create an equal playing field for the buyer to 2000. It was sometimes as simple as sitting evaluate, test and compare all offers and down in the chief’s office and walking out with obtain the best possible value. It’s intended an order — or it could involve months of de- to allow for intangible factors such as long signing, field trials, wear tests, evaluations, com- term savings based on life expectancy, avail- mittee presentations, specification writing, ten- ability, delivery, consistency, etc. dering, measuring and fitting. Sometimes I got What this process can become, in its the order, sometimes I didn’t and sometimes it basest form is: ‘Your clothing & equipment didn’t matter what I did, said or had to offer; was manufactured by the lowest bidder!’ the decision had already been made. The lowest bid means, again in its basest Here are some of my lasting impressions of form, that the tender has devolved into a tech- those years. nical description of the lowest common de- • The way you, the end-user, treat your uni- nominators (usually called ‘minimum stand- form and equipment is in direct proportion to ards’) of the item being purchased, with restric- how satisfied you are with its quality and tions on substituting or offering alternative so- performance. This includes fit, comfort, reli- lutions, making it virtually impossible to ‘raise ability and how you look in it. the bar.’ The supplier who is able to meet this mini- • Your uniform has a direct impact on how you mum standard with the lowest overall price, carry yourself and the confidence and pride calculated simply by line item cost multiplied with which you do your job. by the number of items to be purchased, wins. • The public will make certain assumptions Certain provisions are usually made wherein based solely on your appearance. the supplier must provide some guarantee of quality, workmanship, fit and performance as- • Clothing and equipment is the number one surance for delivery and follow up service. There topic of ‘gripe festivals’ around coffee mak- is usually limited consideration for shipping, ers, lunch tables and in the line-ups at quar- oversize and additional charges, but no real value termaster stores and second only to health is placed on these potentially costly factors or and safety issues at association meetings and they are considered extraneous and not even contract negotiations. included in the ‘bottom line.’ • Millions of dollars are spent annually on po- In my experience, suppliers are rarely held lice clothing and equipment in Canada. accountable for any of these considerations once Anyone who has volunteered to sit on a an award has been made. Most manufacturers clothing and equipment committee learns all too know this and have often agreed to conditions quickly about the obstacles preventing any real, that they have had no intention of meeting, know- effective and lasting change to the status quo. ing full well that the accountability aspect of The bigger the department, the more complex most of these tenders is sadly lacking. I’m aware the process and the harder it is to change. of more than one occasion where the item deliv- ered under certain tenders technically did not even meet the minimum standards as described in the specifications. This was because certain brands or components of the item specified had not been available in the industry for as long as 20 years! The general assumption being ‘give them what they want, not what they ask for.’ The purchasing agent or stores manager are usually responsible for the details and upkeep of the tender documents and are rarely familiar with the language and details needed to write clothing specifications. They often have only a limited understanding of the requirements de- tailed in the tender and few opportunities to learn more. How many of you know what ‘front facing,’ ‘interlining,’ ‘cross-stitched vs. lock stitch’ and ‘the bias’ mean? Look at any piece of clothing you are wearing and try to tell some- one how to put it together. For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 30 OBSTACLE TWO The current tendering method reveals to all Purchasing agent tenure bidders what the previous year’s tender was I have met many concerned individuals who awarded at. The assumption is that one must would genuinely like to see a better way of bid at or below the previous year’s price in doing things. The overwhelming task of self- order to be considered, creating an atmosphere education and the commitment required to see where prices must continually drop even though it through is often more that an individual can the cost of production increases. What other handle during a one or two year tenure. The industry can you think of where prices go down original reason behind short term buying posi- or remain the same year after year? Where do tions — to prevent individuals from develop- you think the money is saved? When manufac- ing a loyalty to one supplier — has resulted in turers cut margins, you can imagine how that an inability to do long-term planning, a need to affects customer service. constantly re-educate each new person and an I challenge any individual to take their opin- inherent fear of change. ion, concern, beef, complaint or criticism off An attitude of ‘let’s just do what they did the lunch table and submit it to their chief. Don’t last time’ seems to permeate most of the pro- burden your purchasing department with it; I curement offices I visited. Asking too many bet they already know more than you think questions created more work for them and they they do. Don’t complain to manufacturer’s sales were already overburdened and deadline ori- reps when you see them at trade shows — they ented. They had no incentive to take on new also know more than you think they do. And tasks when they were already doing more than most importantly, don’t assume that someone their predecessor. else will do it for you. I tried for years. There are a lot of things that need to be changed OBSTACLE THREE to improve the quality, delivery and maintenance Budgets and the low-bid spiral of your clothing and equipment. Until then, do We are all too familiar with the pressure the best you can with what you have, because every department is under to do ‘more with there is a lot to be said for first impressions. less.’ Nowhere is this more evident than with clothing and equipment budgets. The focus on Tricia Rudy is Blue Line Magazine’s Uniform cutting the ‘bottom line’ has created an envi- Editor and consultant. She also works as a ronment of short term thinking and short- Puchasing and RFP Consultant and is the sightedness and, quite frankly, has directly im- Exhibits Coordinator for the Response Trade pacted the quality and quantity of clothing and Show. equipment being purchased. No one has the re- Tricia can be reached via eMail at sources to spend more today for a huge saving [email protected] in three or four years; it just isn’t possible. For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca Now let’s do a little math and use some common sense. Most Police shirts purchased today cost about $16 each. I haven’t seen any that look good past six months and aren’t in desperate need of replacement inside a year. The fabric is a blend of polyester and cotton and very light weight and the construction (seams, stitches etc.) is as minimal as it gets, with no extra linings, facings or stiffeners. They are not made to last, they are made to be the lowest bid. (I am generalizing a little here.) On the other hand, there is a shirt on the market that would cost about $45. It is a blend of polyester and wool, wash and wear that will not break down even after 200 washings. I have personally seen evidence of this. So if you have five shirts and you are doing laundry once a week, that’s 50 washings a year (two-week va- cation). In four years, these shirts still look rela- tively new. So $45 divided by four years is $11.25 a year and the shirt has not even begun to wear yet. At five shirts a year, that’s a sav- ings of $95.00 per member over four years. ($16 - 11.25 x five shirts x four years) plus however many additional years the shirt is still wearable - at $45 for each year you do not replace it! There have been numerous tests, field trials and research done on the value of long-term savings and the availability of premium quality uniforms. Manufacturers are quite eager and capable of working with agencies to provide a superior uniform. The system, however, breaks down at the bureaucratic level with an inherent resistance to change. For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 31 Cover is where you find it Effective use of cover requires thought and training by Dave Brown Telephone poles, fire hydrants and mailboxes can all provide some measure of protection when bullets start Dave Brown is a feature writer flying. Finding cover is usually instinctive but finding GOOD cover requires more thought. Making effective and Firearms Editor for Blue use of that cover also requires an understanding of how bullets behave if they happen to glance off whatever Line Magazine. you are hiding behind. In this photo essay, Cst. Lucien Ethier of Manitoba’s Dakota Ojibway Police Service He can be reached via eMail helps Blue Line Magazine illustrate some of the good and not so good, ways of using cover. at [email protected].

Better Cover Near or Far? Left or Right on Barricades? The WRONG way.

First, a theoretical perspec- Theoretically, one can take tive. The closer you are to the cover behind a matchstick if you cover, the more your body is ex- are far enough away from it. In posed. In this figure, note how practical terms, there obviously much of the officer’s body can be must be a compromise between The traditional left-hand bar- dropped this outdated technique. seen from a simulated assailant’s simple concealment and true pro- ricade position. Right-handed of- The front view (shown position when the officer is tight tection. In real terms, the opti- ficers were once taught to switch above) of this traditional left-hand up against the telephone pole. mum distance from cover is usu- hands to keep the sidearm in the barricade technique shows how ally about one arms-length. outside hand and then place the exposed the officer is to ricochets. back of the strong hand against Hugging the cover like this means the edge of the barricade. that any rounds striking it are li- This method is totally non- able to throw debris and fragments instinctive and expends too much directly into the officer’s face. time switching hands for it to be Switching hands to shoot effective. Accuracy while return- around the weak-side barricade ing fire is so poor that it is no does NOT result in better cover. wonder just about every major This always was a myth and it is agency in North America has time to bury it once and for all. TheThe CORRECTCORRECT way!way!

When taught properly, this Viewed from the front, the position is called the weak-SIDE gun is gripped in a proper two- barricade and not the weak- hand hold for better accuracy and HAND barricade. The sidearm is the officer’s body is further from held in a normal two-hand grip. the barricade, out of ricochet The officer keeps about an arms- range. Compare the above photo length distance from the cover. with the top right. You can see Many people find it more com- there is actually less of the body fortable to cant the gun slightly exposed than with the traditional to shoot around the weak side. left-hand barricade method.

For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 32 Scout Car Cover Almost every officer has it... and should learn to use it

The WRONG way. TheThe CORRECTCORRECT way!way! Another traditional cover po- thing (or someone) else. sition that looks good in the mov- The assailant does not even Notice how low Cst. Ethier cle have a better chance of passing ies but leaves the officer totally have to be much of a shot to take crouches, leaving only enough harmlessly over his head. vulnerable in real life. Any shot this officer out of the action. body exposed to get a good sight Viewed from the front, there striking the hood of this vehicle Seen from the front and the picture. The kneeling position is very little target exposed to pos- will cause the bullet to spray de- side, it is obvious how much of shown here is used to get as low sible return fire. The officer is well bris in every direction. When a the officer’s body is vulnerable to as possible as fast as possible. A protected and flexible enough to bullet strikes a hard surface, it does return fire. The extra support more braced position is not nec- move quickly if required. He not ricochet off at the same angle gained on the pistol is easily ne- essary at the short range illus- would only be vulnerable if the that it impacts. It tends to follow gated by the greater exposure. For trated here. assailant was elevated much higher along the surface, travelling an inch this reason, I term this ‘Hollywood Any rounds striking the vehi- than the officer. or two above it until it hits some- cover.’

The WRONG way. TheThe CORRECTCORRECT way!way! Another outdated technique. weapon. (A typical 9mm bullet Much better. The vital areas cover really pays off in much Here the officer uses the A-pillar delivers about 300 foot-pounds of of the body are protected by some greater protection. of the thickest metal in the vehicle. as a left-hand barricade. Using his energy into its target. A 12-gauge There never was any logical rea- The A-pillar, door hinges, engine son to switch hands in the middle weak hand to shoot, it would be slug punches out about 1800 foot- block and front wheels are all used of a gunfight. While tradition and remarkable if he could even hit any- pounds. A two-ton vehicle moving to maximum advantage here. history are important, they should thing. Difficult with a handgun, this at a slow jog can hit with over While it may be tempting to not prevent techniques that never technique would be almost impos- 16,000 foot-pounds of energy. In- place the sidearm against the vehi- did work from being discarded for sible with a shotgun. crease speed to only thirty cle for support, comparing the the sake of those that do. While there may be a psycho- kilometers per hour and the energy proper technique, (above right) After all, if the first two rules logical need to remain inside a sta- jumps to an incredible 64,000 foot- seen here from the front, with the of a gunfight are “bring a gun” and tionary vehicle, the officer is very pounds, the equivalent to hitting previous (above left) shows how “bring a loaded gun,” the third rule exposed to return fire. Either get the assailant simultaneously with much less of the body can be seen should simply say, “don’t get out and use cover properly, or get a hundred 9mm rounds AND from the assailant’s perspective. shot.” Find cover, find it fast and the vehicle moving and use it as a twenty 12-gauge slugs.) That arms-length distance from the use it effectively.

February 2002 33 Just ordinary people doing extraordinary things One officers view of Ground Zero by Sergeant Lisa Thomas — NYMTAP When we were told to stop working to let heavy equipment in, we would climb On September 19th, after 12 hours of work over slippery and unstable metal and con- at my department, I, along with three of my crete to other areas. Ironworkers and fire colleagues, had the honour to help at trying fighters were cutting through metal to get to locate any survivors or those who per- to a buried car. At that site we again filled ished at the World Trade Center. I now and emptied buckets by the hundreds. know what hell looks like. As the firefighters emptied debris from As we were driven by police the car, we all paused, hoping for a car down the West Side Highway miracle; but as before during that to the Hot Zone, we were met night, it was not to be. That by thousands of people lining odour, that smell we were all the street, applauding, cheer- too familiar with, came from ing and wishing us well. This that car. was in the middle of the night. You could see the im- Many came up to the car measurable look of sad- (since we were travelling ness on the faces of those slowly), handing us bottles firefighters. We paused of water and juice. Further to say a prayer but we down the road we were knew we had to go back handed gloves, dust masks to the task at hand. Again and other necessary equip- we filled buckets and ment that was required for passed them down the you to wear in the work zone. human chain to move at We waited in a long line of least another pound of all sorts of emergency vehicles debris from the 16 acres and construction equipment, many of what used to be the of which came from hundreds of World Trade Center. By miles away. At the first checkpoint our this time 70,000 tons of de- ID cards were checked by police and armed bris had been removed — the National Guardsmen. To me this was very chill- entire site contained 220 mil- ing, as we do not have the military walking the lion tons. streets of America. It does not happen here. This It is a daunting task. After four hours is America. It was very upsetting. we had already worked at our police jobs for 12 of work, my colleagues and I climbed over piles We went through a second checkpoint a lit- hours. We didn’t quite know exactly where we of debris to leave for this night. The climb back tle farther on. This was done because several were heading in the darkness that was pierced by out was dangerous; at times we were five feet people had been caught at the site impersonat- floodlights. Many accesses we walked down off the ground and the next moment we were 30 ing emergency workers. Worse yet they were were blocked by huge chunks of concrete, so we feet up. You could not tell how far from the caught video-taping, looting stores and taking had to walk back. We would then try for another ground you were standing. On the way out, we pieces of debris as souvenirs. Thankfully, they access to the area. As we turned the corner of paused at an area (always marked with orange have been arrested and charged appropriately. what used to be the World Financial Center, we spray paint) where three other bodies had just After the second checkpoint, the car could saw the unimaginable; a pile of metal and con- been found. We bowed our heads and joined the take us no further. We stepped out of the patrol crete at least six stories tall. On top of it were prayer. Again, all respect paid to those who car right onto the doorstep of hell. At check- hundreds of people handing buckets of debris to died so needlessly; and then the workers began point number three, we had to tell the armed each other while huge cranes lifted steel beams, their gruelling work again. You don’t realize the Guardsmen where we intended to go work. We concrete and shells of cars. exhaustion you have. Medics and counsellors were directed to what used to be a securities We started our ascent over piles of uniden- are sent to each site to take workers off the firm building to get the rest of the equipment tifiable pieces of metal and concrete. Through lines, because they work so long that they for- we would need. We walked over fire truck hoses, mud and dust we moved toward the human chain get to eat and have something to drink. pieces of concrete, broken glass and hundreds of debris movers, joining the line wherever there We made our way through pieces of desks, of unidentifiable objects. We entered the build- was an opening. Looking at the uniforms around cars, twisted metal, papers, shoes and thick dust. ing through what used to be the front lobby us, you could see emergency service workers I kept looking up to see the once beautiful arched window. We walked up broken escalators cov- from around the USA. A few minutes later a facade of Tower One. It was charred and twisted ered with inches of dust. Boxes of supplies were team of French officers joined us. and leaning at a bizarre angle. The one place eve- piled all around us. Civilian volunteers helped I could not help but stare at the carnage that ryone stops as they walk out from the site is the us find and get fitted for respirator masks. They lay before me. I looked at what were once two area called God’s House. It is a section of Tower thanked us for being there to help and told us to majestic towers that helped distinguish the New One that has completely collapsed except for a be safe when we were working that night. York City skyline. Pieces of building facades steel beam approximately 80 feet tall with a cross We walked along the streets and passed by hung precariously over our heads as we worked. beam still attached to it, forming a giant cross. others on their way out. They just walked by Heroic ironworkers climbed to the tops of the Again, we paused for a moment of prayer. us, staring out into the distance. They were twisted facades to cut the metal into smaller The elevated walkway that spanned be- covered in dust, except where the mask and pieces for removal. By the hundreds, buckets tween two of the smaller buildings stood un- goggles had covered their faces. They were ex- were filled and emptied and bulldozers carried scathed on its south side, but at the halfway hausted, but still determined. off the debris. The buildings, actually skeletons point it was blown away. The walkway leads We were pumped with energy, even though of them, cast ghostly shadows over us. to nowhere. Surrounding buildings have their

February 2002 34 facades burned, windows blown out and huge pieces missing. The Millennium Hotel, which was built af- ter the World Trade Center bombing, is dam- aged and leaning towards the site. It is leaning more and more each day. It will have to be taken down, along with about five other buildings. As you walk farther away from the debris, the dark- ness, shadows and silence grows. We walked to a gutted out restaurant, climb- ing over broken steps and walking through what was once a plate glass window. The area was illuminated by lamps run by generators. This is where wonderful civilian volunteers cooked real home-made food for all the weary workers. We sat at long tables with other workers — with heroes. The room was silent except for the sound of food being served. The silence was deafening. We all were too traumatized, too unbelieving and too exhausted to talk. After eating some food, which I am sure was good, we walked together to the West Side Highway to find a ride home. We walked down the street, covered with dirt and sweat and car- Photo courtesy of Joe Warmington, Toronto Sun. rying our gear in our hands. We encountered the Project Maple Leaf raised $100,000 for the Twin Towers Fund, established by former New York next shift of professional and volunteer emer- Mayor Rudolph Guliani. The fund is exclusively for the families of police, firefighters and emergency gency workers. They had that stare, that look medical services personnel who made the supreme sacrifice while trying to save the lives of others on their faces that said that this was not the during the World Trade Center attack. first time they had come to this devastation, The cheque was presented by (L to R) Toronto Fire Chief Al Speed, Brockville Police Chief this hell called the “Pile”. Barry King (Canadian Assoc. of Chiefs of Police) and Brockville lawyer John Simpson (president, We walked along until we found a bus filled National Fire and Life Safety Foundation). with emergency workers and asked if they were Project Maple Leaf provided an opportunity for Canadian police, fire and emergency medical going towards Grand Central Terminal. Even service workers and their families, loved ones and supporters to contribute and no administration though they were not, the driver said he would fees were deducted. take us home. The bus was filled with doctors and psychiatrists from the state of Massachu- setts. They had all given up their vacation time just to help us. When the driver brought us to Grand Central Terminal and we were leaving the bus, we thanked all of them for coming to help us. They applauded, thanking us and called us heroes. As we walked silently to the hotel, I looked at my colleagues and felt that we weren’t he- roes. We are just ordinary people called upon to do extraordinary things. When we arrived at the hotel, the workers gazed at us covered in dirt and then thanked us for the work we had done. They wished us good sleep. We each went to our rooms without saying a word. We were left to our own thoughts and to reflect on the unthinkable devastation we had just seen, knowing that at least for a few hours we helped our city, our people and our world. With that thought I collapsed into bed, hoping that when I awoke, I would see that it was all a bad dream.

Sergeant Lisa Thomas is a member of the International Police Association who serves with the New York Metropolitan Transit Authority Police. This account of a day at Ground Zero — Thomas recently returned for the third time — is reprinted from the IPA Region Two Newsletter. For more information or to join, visit their website at http://www.ipa.ca or email [email protected].

For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 35 Michigan State Police 2002 Tests Special Service Vehicles

Chevrolet Camaro

AM General Hummer Chevrolet Tahoe

Dodge Durango

Special service police vehicles aren’t de- of production for signed or manufactured for pursuits but may the Camaro B4C be used for specialized functions such as off- police package, as road, inclement weather, K9 or commercial Chevrolet will dis- vehicle enforcement. continue produc- The special service vehicles included in this tion of the entire evaluation are the Chevrolet Tahoe (2WD & Camaro model line 4WD), DaimlerChrysler Dodge Durango SLT+ at the end of the (2ED & 4WD), Ford Excursion (4WD), Ford 2002 model year. Expedition (4WD) and Ford Explorer (4WD). For the 2002 model Two vehicles with police packages — the AM year, the Camaro Ford Expedition General Hummer HMCS and the Chevrolet police package will Camaro — are also included. be available only with a four-speed auto- Both models are equipped with a 4.7L (287 • AM General: The AM General Hummer was matic transmission. cid) V6 engine, rated at 235 horsepower and once again submitted for testing as a police- • Chevrolet Tahoe: The Tahoe is once again 295 ft-lbs of torque. package vehicle. There are no significant available in either a 2WD or 4WD special- • Ford Explorer/Expedition/Excursion: The changes from the 2001 model. service package. In addition to the standard 2002 Explorer special-service package was a • Chevrolet Camaro: 2002 marks the final year 4.8L (292 cid) engine, a new 5.3L (327 cid) midyear replacement during the 2001 model engine, rated at 285 horsepower, is an avail- year and was previously tested in the 2001 able option on both models. model year MSP tests. The Expedition and • DaimlerChrysler Dodge Durango SLT+: The Excursion special-service packages are basi- Jeep Cherokee, DaimlerChrysler’s longtime cally carryovers from the 2001 model year mainstay in the police-package category, was with no major changes or enhancements. discontinued after the 2001 model year. The company is offering the Dodge Durango SLT+ Vehicle Dynamics Testing as a special-service package, available in 2WD and 4WD models, to replace the Cherokee.

Objective: To determine high-speed pursuit han- dling characteristics. The two-mile road racing course contains hills, curves and corners; except for the absence of traffic, it simulates actual pur- suit conditions. The evaluation measures each vehicle’s blending of suspension components, ac- celeration capabilities and braking characteristics. Methodology: Each vehicle is driven 16 timed laps by four drivers. The final score is the aver- age of the 12 fastest laps.

February 2002 36 stop is recorded with a Datron Non-Contact Methodology: A minimum of four officers inde- Acceleration Testing Optical Sensor. The data is used to calculate the pendently and individually score each vehicle on Objective: To determine the time required for average deceleration rate, which is the vehicle’s each test vehicle to accelerate from a standing comfort and instrumentation. Communications score for this test. start to 60 mph, 80 mph and 100 mph. division personnel responsible for new car prep Note: The final scores are the average of the 10 Methodology: Using a Datron Non-Contact evaluate the relative difficulty of the necessary best deceleration rates attained out of a total of Optical Sensor and a computer, each vehicle is installations. Each factor is graded on a one to 12 stops (for each phase of the test, the five best driven through four acceleration sequences — ten scale, with one being totally unacceptable deceleration rates achieved in six total stops). It two northbound and two southbound to allow and ten representing superior. The scores are was mutually agreed by MSP and the partici- for wind direction. The average of the four is averaged to minimize personal prejudice. pating vehicle manufacturers that the lowest de- the score on the competitive test. celeration rate recorded in each phase would not Fuel Economy Top Speed Testing be used in determining the final score.

Ergonomics and Communications

Objective: To determine each vehicle’s speed at a distance of one mile and two miles and the Objective: To determine fuel economy po- actual top speed attainable within a distance of tential. The scoring data are valid and reliable 14 miles from a standing start. for comparison, but may not necessarily be Methodology: Following the fourth accelera- Objectives: To rate the vehicle’s ability to pro- an accurate prediction of the car’s actual fuel tion run, the vehicle continues to accelerate to vide a suitable environment for patrol officers economy. the top speed attainable within 14 miles from to perform their job, to accommodate the re- Methodology: The vehicles’ scores are based the start of the run. The highest speed attained quired communications and emergency warn- on estimates of city fuel economy to the near- is the vehicle’s score on the competitive test. ing equipment and to assess the relative diffi- est one-tenth of a mile per gallon from data culty of installing the equipment. supplied by the vehicle manufacturers. Braking Testing

Objective: To determine the deceleration rate attained by each test vehicle on 12 60-to-0 mph impending skid (threshold) stops, with ABS in operation if the vehicle is so equipped. Each vehicle will be scored on the average decelera- tion rate it attains. Methodology: Each vehicle makes two decelerations at specific, predetermined points on the test road from 90-to-0 mph at 22 ft/sec2, with the driver using a decelerometer to main- tain the deceleration rate. Immediately after these heat-up stops are completed, the vehicle is turned around and makes six measured 60-to-0 mph impending skid (threshold) stops with ABS in operation, if the vehicle is so equipped, at specific, predetermined points. Following a four-minute heat soak, the entire sequence is repeated. The exact initial velocity at the begin- ning of each of the 60-to-0 mph decelerations and the exact distance required to make each For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 37 When the job overwhelms you Get a handle on workplace stress by Audrey Pihulyk An employee who experiences burnout gen- ment and job security almost On the job or at home, increased demands erally withdraws into isolation, becoming re- seem to be a thing of the past, are being placed on us to perform, leaving many signed to failure and eventually succumbing to but they are the very re- feeling distraught and exhausted. depression. On the other hand, stress prone wards that create a healthy Stress and burnout are reaching epidemic people develop worrisome, fearful and disgrun- and productive or- proportions, resulting in the loss of millions of tled thoughts which cause them to become eas- ganization. dollars in revenue due to absenteeism and the ily agitated, anxious, angry and annoyed. They Today, the corresponding reduction in productivity. In gen- avoid others and become indecisive, explosive sense of commu- eral today, the workplace seems to have lost its and belligerent. nity is essential in sense of community. It used to be a place where Not addressing the issues which bring on the workplace but like minded people gathered to produce work stress can lead to heart problems and other physi- it is being under- that was accepted and appreciated. A place, also, cal ailments. Workload to an organization means mined by the where workers were affirmed and at the end of productivity, but to the individual worker it means pressure of the day felt a sense of joy and satisfaction for a giving out more in time and energy, little down- timelines and the job well done. time and hardly having time to catch one’s breath practice of cen- Unfortunately this is not happening in many before the next project begins. In addition, the tralized control. organizations today. There seems to be a lack of work week often extends into the evening and As job security concern for quality of product and of people. weekend, further eroding time meant for leisure becomes an issue The expectation seems to be that workers should and recuperation. Down-sizing adds to this di- and the organization extend themselves for the good of the organiza- lemma, requiring that middle management duties weakens its commit- tion but not that the organization should also be be distributed to all levels of the organization, ment to employees, there for the good of the workers. These changes further overwhelming employees. individuals’ commit- have come about partly because of globalization, In many companies employees have no ment to each other also where companies, for economic reasons, move control over the decisions which impact them weakens. Over time, out of a community or the country. Diversified directly. Organizational control needs to be the sense of commu- technology has also squeezed the employee, with shared between management and workers for nity erodes as productivity being enhanced through the use of the success of the organization. Unexpected downsizing, mergers and sophisticated technology and tight human re- problems will arise but if employees are given acquisitions break up source management. There is now more to be the opportunity and time for input in decision successful teams in the done in less time. making, they will feel a sense of control. organization. This results As a result, pressures have lead to serious We all need to feel the intrinsic reward of a in reduced group synergy stress or burnout. Burnout can best be described job well done, of doing work that is appreciated as employees perform as a sickness of achievers who are committed to with colleagues we like. Unfortunately this be- work more as individuals high ideals but realistically are unable to reach comes difficult to achieve because many organi- than as a team, opening the them and begins with cynicism and pessimism zations are trimming budgets by reducing fringe door to more mistrust and which, if not corrected, can lead to apathy, leth- benefits, hiring more part-time workers and ask- unresolved conflict. argy and exhaustion. ing employees to take pay cuts. Career advance- We are relationship minded and need to feel a sense of community, belonging and fairness. Unfortunately many Officers given code of conduct for times today the bottom line rules at the ex- G8 meeting pense of trust, openness and respect. Do em- Security forces for the G8 summit will be Redford said the last thing security forces ployees feel that they matter, or are they only ordered for the first time to follow a code of are looking for is confrontation at the summit. pawns useful to the whims of the corporation? conduct recognizing the public’s right to pro- Sarah Kerr, a Calgary activist and protest Are companies really concerned about the test. organizer, said she is encouraged by the writ- welfare of their workers? Mistrust is an issue, The two-page framework, which explains ten code of values. but it will be lessened when employees are how police officers should conduct themselves, “If (the code of values) influences and treated fairly, feel their input is valued and al- will be given to every officer taking part in changes the way police treat legitimate pro- lowed to become more involved. security during the June summit in Kananaskis testers, then I think it’s an excellent thing,” Organizations need to take specific actions Country, Calgary. Kerr was quoted as saying “It remains to be to bring about engagement in the workplace. “These are more than just words on paper,” seen how it manifests on the ground.” Making an effort to initiate positive dialogue is Calgary police Insp. Al Redford, a member of G8 summit officials said they are deter- the first step. the joint G8 security team was quoted as saying. mined to avoid the widespread violence that As trust increases, employees will be more “It lays out, in very specific terms, our values. marred gatherings of world leaders in Seattle, comfortable discussing their concerns, feel a “We’ve got to recognize it’s not a case of Quebec City and Genoa, Italy. sense of engagement and even endure heavy us against them. We have to respect the rights Previous meetings have been plagued by workloads in an atmosphere where reward, fair- to lawful assembly. This is a democracy ... clashes between police and protesters, with ness and respect is practiced. and people have a right to express their views.” images of tear gas, armoured security forces Redford said he hopes the code will help and brick-throwing activists eclipsing the aims reduce tensions. of both politicians and legitimate protesters. Audrey Pihulyk is a ‘humour-cilator’ who speaks at The G8 summit, a meeting of the eight Police tactics were criticized by activists conventions and for organizations on ‘Winning Strat- most powerful nations, will take place June as undemocratic for tackling and detaining pro- egies for Life.’ You can reach her at 1-866-484-2197 26-28 in Kananaskis Village, about 100 kilo- testers and using tear gas, water cannons and or by email at [email protected] or metres southwest of Calgary. pepper spray to quell demonstrations. through her website, www.possibilitiesnetwork.com.

February 2002 38 Mounties mourn loss of fallen comrade Red was the colour of mourn- latest born Nov. 2 from a new rela- service. “I hope I never have to go to another ing in December, as RCMP and tionship. funeral again.” police officers from across Canada He was raised in Barrows, but Another suspect in Strongquill’s death, gave a solemn goodbye to Cst. born in Fort Qu’Appelle, Sask. Danny Wayne Sand, 21, was killed in a shootout Dennis Strongquill, shot and killed Strongquill was the 202nd RCMP with police following a 14-hour manhunt that in the line of duty. officer killed in the line of duty. left a trail of gunshots and stolen vehicles across More than 350 police officers RCMP Commissioner rural Saskatchewan and Manitoba. from Canada and the United States Giuliano Zaccardelli was one of the Sand and Bell were released from jail in visited Powerview, Manitoba many high-ranking police officers fall and were wanted by police for parole about 100 kilometres northeast of in attendance. violations. Winnipeg where Strongquill spent Cst. Dennis Strongquille “You never want to lose a life Corrections Canada and the National Pa- many of his 20 years with the service. but it does happen, it is part of the role Board are investigating the circumstances At the time of his death he was a member of job,” Zaccardelli was quoted as saying after the around their release. a new, all-aboriginal RCMP detachment on the Waywayseecapo First Nation. “We all join to serve. We don’t join to die,” chief Julian Fantino of the Toronto Police Serv- ice was quoted as saying. “But when it does happen we feel we’re part of the grieving, the sorrow and the tragedy.” Strongquill was shot to death in December after he and partner Brian Auger stopped a truck for a spot check around midnight on the road between the reserve and Russell, MB Robert Marlo Sand, 23, of Westlock, and Laurie Anne Bell, 20, of Edmonton, face first degree murder charges. Hundreds of police officers in uniform pa- raded through the community, including Mounties dressed in red serge bearing Strongquill’s coffin, his RCMP Stetson hat and a medal. In a voice filled with emotion, Teresa Strongquill expressed pride for her father. She said her father died doing what he loved to do - to serve and protect. Strongquill, 52, left behind six children, the Shawinigan officer killed in crash A young police officer died in December after he lost control of his car on an icy road while responding to an emergency call. Cst. Martin Lefebvre, 22, of the Shawinigan Po- lice Service, lost control of his car and fell into a ditch two metres deep in the town about 150 kilometres Martin Lefebvre north of Montreal. “The ditch contained icy water that seeped in through the window,” Shawinigan-Sud Police spokesman Claude St- Yves was quoted as saying. Lefebvre was semiconscious with half his body immersed in water, St-Yves said. He re- mained like that for about 25 minutes - the time it took other officers to arrive on the scene. Cst. Stephanie Arnois was with Lefebvre when the accident occurred, but suffered only minor injuries. She managed to escape the vehi- cle before calling for help. Lefebvre died in hospital. He had only recently joined the police service before his death. For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 39 The Sixth Annual Response Trade Show is on schedule

Staff at Blue Line Magazine are well into very strong and we began receiving calls to re- and sunglasses. Attendees are welcome to pur- preparations for the sixth annual Response serve space and register earlier than ever.” chase samples on site. 2002 Trade Show, which will be held April 23 Thousands of people have attended the show For the fourth year in a row the National and 24 at the Le Parc Conference Centre in since it began in 1997 and Rudy says the number Research Council’s Canadian Police Research Markham, Ontario. of positive comments has increased each year. Centre has been invited to a section of the show Response will again feature the latest gear Exhibitors will again be displaying a vast where attendees can give feedback to new ini- and other items of interest to police officers, array of products and services which will be tiatives, products and concepts in law enforce- security personnel, bylaw enforcement offic- available for members of the law enforcement ment currently under study. ers and correctional officials nationwide. community to view and test. Past shows have A wide range of exhibitors are expected this “The show has been very successful in the featured patrol cars, helicopters, motorcycles, year too, says Rudy, who is confident that “of- past and we’re expecting things to be even bet- infrared camera units, duty belts, holsters, flo- ficers will be able to find a product or piece of ter this year,” says Response 2002 coordinator tation gear, pens, ammunition, computers, body equipment of interest regardless of the agency Tricia Rudy. “Interest in exhibit space has been armour, batons, blunt trauma vests, footwear they serve or rank they hold.”

Courses will be offered at the Blue Line Symposium. Each course will last one day and is available on both days of the Response Trade Show. Space is limited, and seats will be reserved on a first-come, first-served basis. It’s all part of the job: Stress and policing Course 1 - April 23, 9-4 p.m. and Course 2 - April 24, 9-4 p.m.

Course Outline Presenter Stress — it’s always there and it’s usually not a problem. Some parts of it are unique to being a police officer and some are just part of living. It’s not necessarily a bad thing and no two of us Dr. Dorothy Cotton is a experience it in the same way. The purpose of this seminar is to help participants understand the regular columnist with Blue stress process and its effects, keep an eye on their own stress levels and develop a personal Line Magazine and has been repertoire of coping strategies. practicing psychology for more than 20 years, Specifically, the course will cover: • External work-related stressors (bad guys, fast “providing service for adults of all ages.” She holds degrees Physiology of stress cars, shift work, boredom, the boss). • The rest of life (family, money). from McGill, Purdue and • Signs and symptoms. Queen’s Universities and can • The relationship between stress and illness. • Me, myself and I — personal idiosyncrasies. be reached by email at: • The adaptive function of stress. What to do — coping and problem solving [email protected]. Warning signs • The boring stuff: lifestyle (fitness, nutrition). • Physical symptoms. • The fun stuff: (diversion, recreation). Who Should Attend: • Behavioural change. • The challenging stuff: (skill acquisition and Front-line officers, managers, employees assistance people, peer counsellors, and • Changes in thoughts and emotions. new knowledge). chaplains among others. • Developing a personal profile and knowing • The secret weapon: (talking sense to yourself). when you are heading for trouble. • The unmentionable stuff (getting help). To register call 905 640-3048 Causes The goal of the day will be to leave with a or mail this form to • The essential decisions — things you can personal plan and strategies to use when stress change and things you have to live with. is a problem. Blue Line Magazine. REGISTRATION Deadline for reservation is March 15th, 2002, or when classes are full.

Name: Course 1 q 3 Course 2 q 3 Agency: Cost Location Position/Rank: Badge # Le Parc Conference Centre $125.00 (Plus Tax) per person. 8432 Leslie Street, Markham, ONT. Phone: Fax: Prepayment by Visa, (South west corner of Hwy #7 and Leslie St.) Mastercard or Cheque. Visa, MC: Exp: Included is free access to the Response Trade Show floor and refreshments during breaks. Mail to: 12A-4981 Hwy 7 East, Ste. 254, Markham, ON L3R 1N1 CERTIFICATES OF ATTENDANCE WILL BE PRESENTED or Fax: 905 640-7547 - Ph: 905 640-3048

February 2002 40 CATEGORY INDEX

Each year Blue Line Magazine surveys the private sector to see which companies or individuals are interested in making their products or services available to the law enforcement community. This directory is a result of that survey and should be retained for reference througout the coming year. This directory is divided up into three parts. The first part is the “Category Index”. It provides you with details of how the products and services you may be looking for are listed. The second part is the“Product Listings” which places the companies under the categories of products or services they are prepared to supply. The third part is the “Corporate Listings” which include the names, address and phone/fax lines of the companies surveyed. Access Control Crime Prevention General Police Supply Video - Mobile Accident Reconstruction Computer - Accessories Health Products & Services Security - Training Computer - Software Computer - Consultant Helicopter and Equipment Sirens & Emergency Lighting Accreditation Computer - Dispatching Holsters & Accessories General Police Supply Addiction Treatment Communications - Base General Police Supply Vehicle - Accessories Aircraft & Equipment Stations Weapons-Accessories Specimen Packaging Alarm Devices Computer - Hardware Inert Explosive Training Aids Surplus Used Inventory Security Computer - Records Inflatables / Costumes Surveillance Alcohol Detection Devices Computer - Security Investigative Support Services Security Perimeter Control Alcohol & Drug Simulators Computer - Software Forensic Aids & Video - Mobile Ammunition - Lethal Computer - Training Investigations Cameras, CCTV,Film Ammunition - Non-Lethal Counterfeit & Detections Jewellery Binoculars & Telescopes Architecture & Engineering Court Room Presentation Legal Surveillance Consultant - Police Facilities Equipment Lights - Equipment Surveillance - Art Crime Analysis Linen Supplies Countermeasures Auctioneering Services Crime Prevention Loading & Unloading Stations Surveillance - Under Vehicles Audio/Video Aids Community Programs Marine Electronics Switches and Control Systems Training Aids & Books Crime Scene Reconstruction Marine Supplies Systems Integration Automated Finger Print Defensive Tactics Training Memo Books, Planners, Tactical Team Equipment Technology Defibrilators Holders Body Armour Awards, Badges, Pins Digital Video Motorcycles & Supplies General Police Supply Pens Dog Training & Supplies Night Vision Equipment Telescoping Masts Batteries & Rechargers DNA Testing Services Nutritional Products Thief Detection Materials Batons Emblems & Decals Office Equipment & Supply Tire Deflation Devices Weapons - Non-Lethal Awards, Badges & Pins Pagers Training Aids & Services Bicycles & Supplies Vehicle & Accessories Passport Verification Audio/Video Aids Binoculars & Telescopes Employer Support Pens Publishers, Books, Printing Surveillance Equestrian Products Photo Identification Trauma Scene Cleaning Body Armour Evidence/Exibit Storage Photography Trauma Treatment Tactical Team Equipment Exercise Equipment & Cameras, CCTV, Film Uniforms & Accessories Bomb Disposal Clothing Forensic Ident Equipment Clothing & Outerwear Hazardous Material Eye, Ear & Skin Protection Security-Identification General Police Supply Handling Gloves Video-Surveillance Holsters Boots, Shoes & Footwear Range Supply Police Equipment R&D Emblems Footwear Hazardous Material Promotional Items Vehicle Accessories General Police Supply Handling Awards, Badges, Pins General Police Supply Cameras Fabric Manufacturer Pens Emblems Surveillance Financial Services Publishers, Books, Printing Vehicles - Off Road Video - Mobile & Surveillance Firearms - Training Reports & Forms Design Aircraft Security - Perimeter Control Firearms - Simulation Training Aids & Services Vehicles - Refit Photography Training Radar & Speed Equipment Vehicles - Specialty Canine Body Armour Video - Training Range Supplies Vehicle - Tracking Equipment CCTV, Film Flags & Banners General Police Supply Vessels & Accessories Cases, Duty Bags, Storage Fleet Graphics Recreational Products Aircraft General Police Supply Food - Emergency Reports & Forms Design Video - Mobile & Surveillance Ceremonial Uniforms & Forensic Aids & Investigations Publishers, Books, Printing Security-Perimeter Control Regalia Forensic Services & Restraining Devices Photography Chemical Trace Detection Equipment Retirement Planning Video - Training Clothing & Outerwear General Police Supply Robots VIP Protection General Police Supply Global Positioning System Safety & Rescue Equipment Voice Dictation Systems Uniform Gloves Hazardous Material Voice Logging Systems Communications - Base General Police Supply Handling Weapons & Accessories Stations Graphoanalysis Safety Wear General Police Supply Computer - Dispatching Hats & Head Protection Schools / Institutions Weapons - Maintenance Telecommunications Clothing & Outerwear Search Equipment Weapons - Non-Lethal Communications - Consultant General Police Supply Security Clothing General Police Supply Communications - Hand Held Hazardous Material Handling Security - Identification Weapons - Security Communications - Mobile Bomb Disposal Photography Weapons - Training Community Programs / Eye, Ear & Skin Protection Security - Penal Institutions Training Programs & Course Courses Hats & Head Protection Security - Perimeter Wireless Communications

February 2002 41 PRODUCT LISTINGS

ACCESS CONTROL ALCOHOL DETECTION DEVICES Justice Institute of BC Sokkia Corporation Kee-Lok Security Surefire Cogent Systems Inc Alcohol Countermeasure Systems LiveLink Training Network True Traffic Safety Controlled Access Systems Inc DavTech Analytical Services Magic Lantern Communications Ltd Visual Planning Corporation Deister Electronics Inc Draeger Canada Ltd Panasonic Canada Innovative Security Solutions Inc Industrial Training & Design Ltd Racom Products Inc Rebanks Architects Inc MacMillans Special Electronics & Design BATONS Sagem Morpho Inc MD Charlton Co Ltd Tetragon Tasse Distribution Inc Tufloc Mega Tech The Current Corporation Atlantic Police & Security Supply Pine Medic First Aid & Rescue Products Visual Planning Corporation Canadian Police Supply POLIFORCE Canada Services Westervelt College Crime Scene Law Enforcement Supplies ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION Pro-Tech Equipment Dummies Unlimited Sound Off Inc AUCTIONEERING SERVICES Genesport Digital Descriptor Systems Inc Tetragon Tasse Distribution Inc Kee-Lok Security Engineering Dynamics Corp Thomas Electronics & Security Federal Auction Service Inc MD Charlton Co Ltd Highpoint Security Monadnock Lifetime Products Inc Industrial Training & Design Ltd A MMUNITION AUTOMATED FINGERPRINT Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Laser Technology Inc L ETHAL TECHNOLOGY POLIFORCE Canada Services Mega Tech Pro-Tech Equipment The Walter Fedy Partnership Atlantic Police & Security Supply Identix Incorporated PSTD Service Group True Traffic Safety Cesaroni Technology Inc NEC Technologies Inc R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Unifold Shelters Ltd Kent Cartridge Canada Printrak A Motorola Company Tactical & Survival Specialties Inc Visual Planning Corporation MD Charlton Co Ltd Sagem Morpho Inc The Police Charter VS Visual Statement Inc North Sylva The Phoenix Group Inc Tri-Tech Inc Olin-Winchester Ammunition U.S. Cavalry / Cavpro ACCREDITATION R Nicholls Distributors AWARDS, BADGES, PINS & Valley Associates Inc Remington Arms Co Inc MEMENTOS CALEA Valley Associates Inc BICYCLES & SUPPLIES 911 Supply ADDICTION TREATMENT Atlantic Police & Security Supply Canadian Police Supply A MMUNITION Auroralites Safety Systems Cycle Works Bellwood Health Services Inc NON-LETHAL Dalgas Enterprises Inc Hatch Inc Genesport Industries Ltd Mega Tech Armor Holdings Products Division Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc ACCESS CONTROL Cesaroni Technology Inc Lees Motivation Smith & Wesson Corp Defense Technology Muir Cap & Regalia Ltd Squad-Fitters Inc Deister Electronics Inc Highpoint Security Tetragon Tasse Distributors Kent Cartridge Canada U.S.Cavalry / Cavpro AIRCRAFT & EQUIPMENT Lloyd Libke Police Sales Visibility Systems Co MD Charlton Co Ltd Bell Helicopter Police Ordnance Co BINOCULARS & TELESCOPES Canadian Helicopters Pro-Tech Equipment Groen Brothers Aviation Inc Rec-T-Fire Atlantic Police & Security Supply MD Helicopters Inc R Nicholls Distributors Pro-Tech Equipment Bock Optronics Inc National Helicopters Inc Spike Camp Wilderness Safety Supply R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Bushnell Performance Optics Northern Airborne Technology Ltd Tetragon Tasse Distribution Inc Strath Craft Ltd DavTech Analytical Services Oregon Aero Inc Tri-Tech Inc Tetragon Tasse Distribution Inc Henry’s Robinson Helicopters Valley Associates Inc Trilcor Industries Maritime Services Police & Fire Section Schweizer Aircraft Corp U.S. Cavalry / Cavpro Mega Tech Visibility Systems Co ARCHITECTURE & ENGINEERING V H Blackinton & Co Inc Pro-Tech Equipment Visual Planning Corporation R Nicholls Distributors & Stores ALARM DEVICES Carruthers Shaw & Partners Ltd Wizard Gift Corporation Tetragon Tasse Distribution Inc Dunlop Architects Inc The Current Corporation ADT Security Systems Nelson Wong Architect Inc BATTERIES & RECHARGERS Thomas Electronic Security Ltd ATS Asset Tracking Services Rebanks Architects Inc Treck Hall Blue Max Lighting Equipment The Walter Fedy Partnership 911 Supply Tri-Tech Inc Crown North America Alcom Enterprises Inc U.S. Cavalry / Cavpro A RT Valley Associates Inc Flex-O-Lite Ltd Alexander Battery Viking Metals & Military Supplies Innovative Security Solutions Inc Blue Max Lighting & Emergency Equip- 911 Supply Interalia Inc ment Best Choice Collectibles ITS Canada Bock Optronics Inc BODY ARMOUR Constable Todd Gray Crime Scene Law Enforcement Supplies Kaban Protective Services Framed Police Concepts DavTech Analytical Services 911 Supply Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Hutton Communications American Body Armor Levitt-Safety Ltd Ontario Police Video Training Alliance Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Armor Holdings Products Division Micro Snitch Corp Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc Levitt-Safety Ltd Atlantic Police & Security Supply Racom Products Inc Tricia Rudy Enterprises Inc MD Charlton Co Ltd Tactical & Survival Specialties Inc Thomas Electronics Security Ltd Mega Tech Canadian Law Enforcement Products AUDIO/VIDEO AIDS Motorola Canada Limited Canadian Police Supply ALCOHOL & DRUG SIMULATORS Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Crime Scene Law Enforcement Supplies Elmo Canada Pro-Tech Equipment DuPont Canada Innocorp ltd Industrial Training & Design Ltd R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Frontline Tactical Products

February 2002 42 PRODUCT LISTINGS

Genesport Industries Ltd Levitt-Safety Ltd H D Brown Enterprises Ltd CCTV, FILM Honeywell Metro Tactical Products Henry’s ADT Security Services Canada Hot Cool Wear Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Hi-Tec Intervention Inc Bock Optronics Inc K9 Storm Inc Pro-Tech Equipment Innovative Security Solutions Inc Elmo Canada Law Enforcement Training & Supplies R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Kirkpatricks Inc DavTech Analytical Services Levitt-Safety Ltd Rocky Shoes & Boots Kolpin Mfg Inc MD Charlton Co Ltd Saucony Canada Inc Frisco Bay Industries Ltd Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Squad-Fitters Inc Hutton Communications Levitt-Safety Ltd Pacific Safety Products SWS Detention Group Inc Innovative Security Solutions Inc MD Charlton Co Ltd POLIFORCE Canada Services Tactical & Survival Specialties Inc ITS Canada Protech Armored Products Tetragon Tasse Distribution Inc Mega Tech ITS Consultants Pro-Tech Equipment True Traffic Safety Metro Tactical Products K9 Storm Inc R Nicholls Distributors & Stores U.S. Cavalry / Cavpro Michaels of Oregon Co Kaban Protective Services Safariland Ltd Inc W E Canning Inc Nelson Wong Architect Inc Kodak Canada Inc Safesense Protection Gear Ltd Weinbrenner Shoe Co Inc North Sylva Co Micro Video Products Second Chance Body Armour Westervelt College Pelican Products Panasonic Canada Inc Teijin Twaron USA Inc W L Gore & Associates Pine Medic First Aid & Rescue Products Polaroid Canada Tetragon Tasse Distribution Inc Pro-Tech Equipment POLIFORCE Canada Services The Current Corporation BREATHABLE VAPOR BARRIER R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Silent Witness Thomas Electronics Security Ltd Spike Camp Wilderness Safety Supply Sony Canada Tri-Tech Inc Tetratex Strong Holster Co Treck Hall U S Cavalry / Cavpro CAMERAS Tactical Advantage Vidsecure Inc Valley Associates Inc Tetragon Tasse Distribution Inc Viking Metals & Military Supplies CEREMONIAL UNIFORMS & Bock Optronics Inc The Current Corporation W E Canning Inc REGALIA DavTech Analytical Services The Kop Shop W L Gore & Associates Drive Cam Tri-Tech Inc Ascot Uniforms & Regalia Ltd Elmo Canada True Traffic Safety BODY ARMOUR CONSULTANT Atlantic Police & Security Frisco Bay Industries Ltd Unifold Shelters Ltd Pro-Tech Equipment Tricia Rudy Enterprises Inc U.S. Cavalry / Cavpro R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Viking Metals & Military Supplies Strath Craft Ltd BOMB DISPOSAL Visual Planning Corporation Stratton Hats Inc

Armor Holdings Products Division Criminalistics Inc ITS Canada PK Van Bodies Hutton Communications POLIFORCE Canada Services Identix Inc Protech Armoured Products Imagis Technologies Inc Pro-Tech Equipment Kee-Lok Security R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Levitt-Safety Ltd Securesearch Inc Micro Video Products The Deltic Group Ltd Panasonic Canada Inc The Police Charter Polaroid Canada Inc Unifold Shelters Ltd Salient Manufacturing & Security Valley Associates Inc Sony Canada Viking Metals & Military Supplies The Current Corporation Treck Hall Valley Associates Inc BOOTS, SHOES, FOOTWEAR Wescam Inc 911 Supply CANINE BODY ARMOUR Atlantic Police & Security Supply Australian Shop Canadian Police Supply Bates Shoe Company Crime Scene Law Enforcement Supplies Canadian Law Enforcement Products Pacific Safety Products Canadian Police Supply Second Change Body Armor Inc Class A Fire & Rescue Crime Scene Law Enforcement Supplies CASES, DUTY BAGS, STORAGE Dack’s Shoes Ltd Danner Shoe 911 Supply Flight Suits Bock Optronics Inc Canadian Law Enforcement Products Canadian Police Supply Canadian Safety Equipment Cases Unlimited Crown North America Crime Scene Law Enforcement Supplies Hartt Boot & Shoe Co DavTech Analytical Services Hi-Tec Sports Canada Ltd DSM Law Enforcement Products Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Frontline Tactical Products For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 43 PRODUCT LISTINGS

CHEMICAL TRACE DETECTION COMMUNICATIONS COMPUTER COMPUTER CONSULTANT CONSULTANT SECURITY Armor Holdings Products Division BCIT Forensic Science Technology Alcom Enterprises Inc Bock Optronics Inc ADT Security Services Canada Life Safety Systems C-Cure Associates Can-Thai Software Solutions Absolute Software R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Motorola Canada Ltd Imagis Technologies Inc Cogent Systems Inc Scintrex Trace Corp Net Cyclops Inc Innovative Security Solutions Inc Unifold Shelters Ltd COMMUNICATIONS Praeda Management System Micro Snitch HAND HELD NEC Technologies Inc Net Cyclops Inc CLOTHING & OUTERWEAR Alcom Enterprises Inc COMPUTER Nissetowa Inc Canadian Police Supply DISPATCHING Xico Inc 3M Canada Company Cogent Systems Inc 911 Supply Howard Leight Hearing Protection COMPUTER Alpine Joe Sportswear Ltd ATS Asset Tracking Services MacMillans SOFTWARE Australian Shop CriSys Limited Blauer Manufacturing Mitsubishi Electric Sales Canada Inc. Enterpol Inc Bristol Leather & Sportswear Mfg Co Ltd Motorola Canada Ltd Geac Public Safety Absolute Software Canadian Police Supply Tri-Tech Inc PRC Public Sector Inc AdLib Publishing Systems Cascade Wear ltd Twitco Distributing Motorola Canada Limited Advantage Systems Technology Canada Inc Crime Scene Law Enforcement Supplies U.S. Cavalry / Cavpro PPM 2000 Inc ATS Asset Tracking Services Empire Shirt Printrak A Motorola Company Bock Optronics Inc Flex-O-Lite Ltd COMMUNICATIONS Saf-T-Pak Inc Business Watch International MOBILE Canada Law Book Gander Brands Inc Versaterm Inc. Hatch Inc Can-Thai Software Solutions Hot Cool Wear Alcom Enterprises Inc Captiva Software Corp Bell Mobility CID Base Integral Designs COMPUTER Aether Systems Inc Civerex Systems Jock Young & Associates HARDWARE K9 Storm Inc Cogent Systems Inc ComnetiX Computer Systems Inc Data911 CriSys Limited Kee-Loc Security Bock Optronics Inc Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Dataradio Dictaphone Canada EMJ Data Systems Ltd Levitt-Safety Ltd Futurecom Digital Descriptor Systems Inc Identix Inc Martin & Levesque Hutton Communications EMJ Data Systems Ltd Imagis Technologies Inc MD Charlton Co Ltd Imagis Technologies Inc Engineering Dynamics Corp PRC Public Sector Inc PRC Public Sector Inc Enterpol Inc Mitsubishi Electric Sales Canada Inc. NEC Technologies Inc ESRI Canada Motorola Canada Ltd Net Cyclops Inc Geac Public Safety New Eagle Identix Inc Panasonic Canada Inc Imagis Technologies Inc Racom Products Inc Intelligent Computer Solutions Software Corp of America In-Time Solutions Special Electronics & Designs InvestigAide Software Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Versaterm Inc. ITS Consultants Pacific Safety Products Wescam Leads Softwear Inc Pro-Tech Equipment PRC Public Sector Inc R Nicholls Distributors & Stores COMMUNICATIONS MicroSurvey Software Inc Spike Camp Wilderness Safety Supply Pentax Technologies S ATELLITE NEC Technologies Inc Strath Craft Ltd Praeda Management Systems Net Cyclops Inc Stratton Hats Inc Saf-T-Pak Inc Alcom Enterprises Inc Our Software Ltd Tactical & Survival Specialties Inc Xico Inc Polaroid Canada Tetragon Tasse Distribution Inc COMMUNITY PROGRAMS/COURSES PPM 2000 Inc Thomas Electronics Security Ltd COMPUTER Saf-T-Pak inc Tri-Tech Inc RECORDS Athabasca University Schedule Soft Corp U.S. Cavalry / Cavpro Justice Institute of BC Smith & Wesson Corp VF Industries Magic Lantern Communications Ltd Bock Optronics Inc Software Corp of America Viking Metals & Military Supplies Cogent Systems Inc W E Canning Inc Trauma Management Training Ltd The PERCS Index Inc CriSys Limited Tri-Tech Inc Westervelt College Digital Descriptor Systems Inc COMPUTER Versaterm Inc. W L Gore & Associates Enterpol Inc ACCESSORIES Visual Planning Corporation Geac Public Safety VS Visual Statement Inc COMMUNICATIONS BASE STATIONS Bock Optronics Inc EMJ Data Systems Ltd COMPUTER Alcom Enterprises Inc Havis Shields Equipment Corp TRAINING ATS Asset Tracking Services Henry’s Bell Mobility Imagis Technologies Advantage Systems Technology Canada Inc Futurecom Identix Inc Athabasca University Hutton Communications Net Cyclops Inc Can-Thai Software Solutions Imagis Technologies Inc Panasonic Canada Inc Enterpol Inc Levitt-Safety Ltd Pelican Products PRC Public Sector Inc F.A.T.S. Inc Motorola Canada Ltd Polaroid Canada Printrak A Motorola Company IES – Range 2000 Racom Products Inc Praeda Management Systems Saf-T-Pak Inc Imagis Technologies Inc Unifold Shelters Ltd Visual Planning Corporation Versaterm Inc Industrial Training & Design Ltd X-Wave Whelen Canada XML Global PRC Public Sector Inc

February 2002 44 PRODUCT LISTINGS

Net Cyclops Inc CRIME SCENE RECONSTRUCTION Levitt-Safety Ltd DNA TESTING SERVICE PPM 2000 Inc Pine Medic First Aid & Rescue Products Helix Biotech Praeda Management Systems Inc Justice Institute of BC Tactical & Survival Specialties Inc Saf-T-Pak Inc Laser Technology Inc BCIT Forensic Science Technology Maxxam Analytics MicroSurvey Software Inc DIGITAL VIDEO COUNTERFEIT DETECTIONS Omniglow Corp Smartwater Canada Inc R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Elmo Canada EMBLEMS & DECALS A&A Robotics Development VS Visual Statement Inc EMJ Data Systems Ltd Corporate Security Supply Ltd F.A.T.S. Inc 911 Supply Law Enforcement Training & Supplies CRIME SCENE SHELTERS IES – Range 2000 Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Artcal Graphics Medtronic Physio Control R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Canadian Safety Equipment Atlantic Police & Security Mega Tech SecuriSource Inc Canadian Police Supply MPH Industries Inc Smartwater Canada Inc DEFENSIVE TACTICS TRAINING Crown North America Nikon Canada Inc Ebik ID Solutions Inc Silent Witness COURT ROOM PRESENTATION Advanced Interactive Systems Joe Drouin Enterprises E QUIPMENT Baden K-9 Muir Cap & Regalia Ltd Blauer Tactical Systems DOG TRAINING & SUPPLIES Pro-Tech Equipment Elmo Canada Executive Security Services Int’l R Nicholls Distributors & Stores IES – Range 2000 Auroralites Safety Systems Tetragon Tasse Distribution Inc Baden K-9 CRIME ANALYSIS Justice Institute of BC Turbo Images Criminalistics Metro Tactical Products Visual Planning Corporation InvestigAide Software Inc Monadnock Lifetime Products Inc Hi-Tec Intervention Inc Pads Fitness Supplies K9 Storm Inc EMPLOYER SUPPORT CRIME PREVENTION PSTD Service Group Kirkpatricks Inc Smith & Wesson Corp Nine-One-One Outerwear Business Watch International The Police Charter Pacific Safety Products Applicant Testing Service Justice Institute of BC Westervelt College Securesearch Inc Canadian Forces Liaison Council Magic Lantern Communications Ltd Tetragon Tasse Distributors Smartwater Canada Inc DEFIBRILLATORS Tricia Rudy Enterprises Inc EQUESTRIAN PRODUCTS Trauma Management Training Ltd Valley Associates Inc Westervelt College Laerdal Medical Canada Ltd W E Canning Inc Alpine Joe Sports Wear Ltd

For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 45 PRODUCT LISTINGS

EVIDENCE/EXHIBIT STORAGE F.A.T.S. Inc Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc Boomerang vehicle Tracking Glock Inc Unifold Shelters Ltd Canadian Police Supply Armor Holdings Products Division Group Action VS Visual Statement Inc ESRI Canada Canadian Police Supply Heckler & Koch Inc Westervelt College ITS Consultants Cogent Systems Inc Mancom Manufacturing Inc Maritime Services Police & Fire Section Corporate Security Supply Ltd MD Charlton Co Ltd FORENSIC SERVICES & EQUIPMENT Mega Tech DSM Law Enforcement Products Pads Fitness Supplies Navitrak Innovative Security Solutions Inc Police Ordnance Co Inc Bock Optronics Inc Police Ordnance Co Inc Life Safety Systems R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Civerex Systems Prairie Geomatics Ltd MD Charlton Co Ltd Securesearch Inc Cogent Systems Inc Sokkia Corporation Mega Tech Sig Arms Inc Corporate Security Supply Ltd Criminalistics Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Slugmaster GLOVES Pro-Tech Equipment Smith & Wesson DBA Systems Inc A Titan Company Digital Descriptor Systems Inc R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Surefire 911 Supply DSM Law Enforcement Products Space Saver Corp Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc Atlantic Police & Security Supply Guidance Software Inc SWS Detention Group Inc The Police Charter Australian Shop Helix Biotech Traversa U.S. Cavalry / Cavpro Blauer Manufacturing Co Highpoint Security Tri-Tech Inc Westervelt College Canadian Police Supply Identicator Tufloc X-Spand Target Systems Crime Scene Law Enforcement Supplies Intelligent Computer Solutions Unifold Shelters Ltd Flight Suits Ion-Trace Inc FIREARMS Gander Brands Inc ITS Consultants EXERCISE EQUIPMENT & SIMULATION TRAINING Genesport Industries Ltd Life Safety Systems C LOTHING Gimbel Glove Co Mega Lab Advanced Interactive Systems Hatch Inc Nikon Canada Inc Dotmar Athletics CAPS Inc Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Levitt-Safety Ltd Genesport Industries Ltd F.A.T.S. Inc PK Van Bodies Martin & Levesque Pro-Tech Equipment IES – Range 2000 Polaroid Canada Inc Sage Data Solution Pro-Tech Equipment R Nicholls Distributors & Stores MD Charlton Ltd Rec-T-Fire Saf-T-Pak inc Merit Apparel Co Inc EYE, EAR & SKIN PROTECTION R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Smartwater Canada Inc Michaels of Oregon Co Sig Arms Inc Sokkia Corporation Muir Cap & Regalia Ltd 911 Supply Smith & Wesson Corp The Phoenix Group Inc Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Biosafe Skin Products Inc Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc Tri-Tech Inc POLIFORCE Canada Services Bushnell Performance Optics Westervelt College Unifold Shelters Ltd Pro-Tech Equipment Canadian Police Supply R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Spike Camp Wilderness Safety Supply Genesport Industries Ltd FLAGS & BANNERS GENERAL POLICE SUPPLY Gentex International Ltd Squad-Fitters Inc Howard Leight Hearing Protection Flex-O-Lite Ltd 2nd Star Associates Tactical & Survival Specialties Inc Lasik MD Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc 911 Supply Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc Levitt-Safety Ltd Aerofast Industries The Current Corporation MD Charlton Co Ltd FLEET GRAPHICS Atlantic Police & Security Supply True Traffic Safety Metro Tactical Products Bull Dog Police Supply U.S. Cavalry / Cavpro On Court Sports Artcal Graphics Canadian Police Supply VF Industries Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Turbo Images Corporate Security Supply Ltd Viking Metals & Military Supplies Pro-Tech Equipment Frontline Tactical Products Watson Gloves R Nicholls Distributors & Stores F OOD Highpoint Security Weizel Security Remington Arms Co Inc EMERGENCY Howard Leight Hearing Protection W L Gore & Associates Stratton Hats Inc K9 Storm Inc Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc Corporate Security Supply Ltd Kirkpatricks Inc GRAPHOANALYSIS True Traffic Safety Frontline Tactical Products Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Hutton Communications Hot Pack Enterprises MD Charlton Co Ltd The Police Charter Viking Metals & Military Supplies Pine Medic First Aid & Rescue Products Merit Apparel Co Inc Michaels of Oregon Co HATS & HEAD PROTECTION FABRIC MANUFACTURER FORCIBLE ENTRY TOOLS Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Pentax Technologies 911 Supply Honeywell Code 4 Fire & Rescue Inc Pine Medic First Aid & Rescue Products Australian Shop Lincoln Fabrics Ltd Pro-Tech Equipment Biltmore Hats Teijin Twaron USA Inc FORENSIC AIDS & INVESTIGATIONS R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Blauer Manufacturing Co W L Gore & Associates Squad-Fitters Inc Blue Max Lighting & Emergency Equip- B H Harris Consulting Swatgear.com ment FINANCIAL SERVICES Canadian Police Supply Tactical Advantage Canadian Police Supply Cogent Systems Inc Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc Flex-O-Lite Ltd Beacon Financial Services Dummies Unlimited Tri-Tech Inc Genesport Industries Ltd Forensic Technology True Traffic Safety Gentex International Inc FIREARMS Guidance Software Inc U.S. Cavalry / Cavpro Helmet House TRAINING Identicator Viking Metals & Military Supplies Levitt-Safety Ltd ITS Consultants MD Charlton Co Ltd Advanced Interactive Systems Life Safety Systems Global Positioning Merit Apparel Co Inc Beretta USA Corp Kings Markham Forensics Services Systems Muir Cap & Regalia Ltd CAPS R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Caswell International Inc Smartwater Canada Inc ATS Asset Tracking Services Pro-Tech Equipment

February 2002 46 PRODUCT LISTINGS

R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Kirkpatricks Inc Auroralites Safety Systems Surefire Spike Camp Wilderness Safety Supply Kolpin Mfg Inc Canadian Law Enforcement Products Tactical & Survival Specialties Inc Squad-Fitters Inc Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Canadian Police Supply Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc Stratton Hats Lloyd Libke Police Sales Crime Scene Law Enforcement Supplies The Current Corporation Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc Mace Security Int’l Inc Diamond Prodcts Marketing Inc Tri-Tech Inc Tri-Tech Inc MD Charlton Co Ltd Flex-O-Lite Ltd True Traffic Safety U.S. Cavalry / Cavpro Michaels of Oregon Co Frontline Tactical Products U.S. Cavalry / Cavpro Valley Associates Inc Millennium Police Supply Havis Shields Equipment Corp Viking Metals & Military Supplies VF Industries Mind Inc Kee-Lok Security Visibility Systems Co Viking Metals & Military Supplies Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Law Enforcement Training & Supplies V-Sec Systems Pelican Products Levitt-Safety Ltd Whelen Canada HAZARDOUS MATERIAL HANDLING Pine Medic First Aid & Rescue Products MD Charlton Co Ltd Mega Tech Police Ordnance Co Inc LINEN SUPPLIES Canadian Safety Equipment Pro-Tech Equipment North Sylva Co Omniglow Corp Draeger Canada Ltd R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Trilcor Industries Levitt-Safety Ltd Safariland Ltd Inc Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Life Safety Systems Scat Industries LOADING & UNLOADING Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Spike Camp Wilderness Safety Supply STATIONS R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Strong Holster Co Securesearch Inc Surefire Atlantic Police & Security Supply Spectronics Corporation Tactical Advantage Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Unifold Shelters Ltd Tactical & Survival Specialties Inc Ted Vourdon Leathers Inc MD Charlton Co Ltd Pacific Safety Products HEALTH PRODUCTS & SERVICES Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc Thomas Electronics Security Ltd Pine Medic First Aid & Rescue Products Pro-Tech Equipment R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Australian Shop Tri-Tech Inc POLIFORCE Canada Services Slugmaster Biosafe Skin Products Inc True Traffic Safety Police Ordnance Co Inc Pro-Tech Equipment Canadian Safety Equipment Viking Metals & Military Supplies R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Corporate Security Supply Ltd W E Canning Inc Sig Arms Inc MARINE ELECTRONICS Frontline Tactical Products Smith & Wesson Corp Ken Weinberg D.Ch. Star Warning Systems Maritime Services Police & Fire Section Lasik MD INERT EXPLOSIVE TRAINING Streamlight Inc Micro Video Products Levitt-Safety Ltd A IDS Med-Pro Industries Nutrition Club Canada Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Pine Medic First Aid & Rescue Products Pumpuii Energy Products Inc The Police Charter

HELICOPTER & EQUIPMENT INFLATABLES/COSTUMES Bell Helicopter Canadian Helicopters Zodiac Hurricane Technologies Inc Eurocopter Canada FLIR Systems Ltd I NSIGNIA Helicopter Transport Services Canada Merit Apparel Co Inc V H Blackinton & Co Inc MD Helicopters Inc Micro Video Products INVESTIGATIVE SUPPORT National Helicopters Inc SERVICES Northern Airborne Technology Robinson Helicopter Co Inc B H Harris Consulting Schweizer Aircraft Corp InvestigAide Software Valley Associates Inc Mega Lab Wescam Inc Racom Products Inc Western Avionics Inc Smartwater Canada Inc The Walter Fedy Partnership Westervelt College HOLSTERS & ACCESSORIES

911 Supply JEWELLERY Atlantic Police & Security Supply Federal Auction Service Inc Boa Handcuff Company Omnes ad Unum Canadian Police Supply Pride in Service Crime Scene Law Enforcement Supplies Strath Craft Ltd Frontline Tactical Products Glock Inc Gould & Goodrich L IGHTS Hi-Tec Intervention Inc E QUIPMENT Hutton Communications Kee-Lok Security 911 Supply For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 47 PRODUCT LISTINGS

MARINE SUPPLIES Viking Metals & Military Supplies Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Howard Leight Hearing Protection Wescam Inc Pads Fitness Supplies Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Flex-O-Lite Ltd Wolverine Supplies Pine Medic First Aid & Rescue Products Mancom Manufacturing Inc Fox 40 International Inc Poliforce MD Charlton Co Ltd Maritime Services Police & Fire Section Polygraph Services Pro-Tech Equipment Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc NUTRITIONAL PRODUCTS PSTD Service Group Realistic Target Co POLIFORCE Canada Services Tactical Advantage Rec-T-Fire Pro-Tech Equipment Nutrition Club Canada Tri-Tech Inc Slugmaster Unifold Shelters Ltd Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc MEMO BOOKS/PLANNERS/ OFFICE EQUIPMENT & SUPPLY Thomas Electronics Security Ltd HOLDERS Tri-Tech Inc PROMOTIONAL ITEMS Bramic Creative Business Products Valley Associates Inc Viking Metals & Military Supplies 911 Supply Dictaphone Canada Ltd Beat Press X-Spand Target Systems Canadian Police Supply EMJ Data Systems Ltd Frontline Tactical Products Crime Scene Law Enforcement Supplies MD Charlton Co Ltd Joe Drouin Enterprises Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Pentax Technologies Trilcor Industries MD Charlton Co Ltd RECREATIONAL PRODUCTS Space Saver Corp Wizard Gift Corporation Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Traversa Pro-Tech Equipment Visual Planning Corp Arctic Cat Inc R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Manta Sport PUBLISHERS, BOOKS, PRINTING PAGERS Trilcor Industries

Alcom Enterprises Inc PageNet Inc REPORTS & FORMS DESIGN

PASSPORT VERIFICATION Blue Line Magazine Imagis Technologies Inc Westervelt College Cogent Systems Inc Praeda Management Systems Butterworths Triform Business Systems Ltd Canada Law Book Inc. MOTORCYCLES & SUPPLIES P ENS Carswell Thompson Publishing Charles C Thomas Publishers Ltd Blue Max Lighting & Emergency Equip- 911 Supply RESPIRATORY PROTECTION Jordan Publications Inc ment Canadian Police Supply Law Enforcement Training & Supplies BMW Motorcycles (Canada) Limited Crime Scene Law Enforcement Supplies Canadian Safety Equipment MD Charlton Co Ltd Hatch Inc Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Nelson Thomson Learning Helmet House Matte Industries Inc Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Kirkpatricks Inc R Nicholls Distributors & Stores RESTRAINING DEVICES Quicklaw Inc Mega Tech Strath Craft Ltd R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Pro-Tech Equipment Triform Business Systems Ltd 911 Supply Securesearch Inc Squad-Fitters Inc True Traffic Safety Armor Holdings Products Division The Police Charter Yamaha Motor Canada Ltd Visual Planning Corporation Canadian Police Supply Thompson Educational Publishing Corporate Security Supply Ltd Triform Business Systems Ltd NIGHT VISION EQUIPMENT PHOTO IDENTIFICATION Westervelt College Auroralites Safety Systems IDenticam Systems Canada Ltd Bock Optronics Inc Imagis Technologies Inc Bushnell Performance Optics Nissetowa Inc RADAR & SPEED EQUIPMENT Canadian Police Supply Polaroid Canada Inc FLIR Systems Ltd Printrak A Motorola Company Blue Max Lighting Ltd Industrial Training & Design Ltd Cruisers Inc Genesport Industries Ltd Electromega Ltd Instrument Technology Inc PHOTOGRAPHY Gould & Goodrich ITS Canada F.A.T.S. Inc Kee-Lok Security ITT Industries Night Vision Bock Optronics Inc Flex-O-Lite Ltd Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Laser Technology Inc Henry’s Laser Technology Inc MD Charlton Co Ltd Levitt-Safety Ltd Imagis Technologies Inc MD Charlton Co Ltd Monadnock Lifetime Products Inc Life Safety Systems Identix Inc Mega Tech Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Maritime Services Police & Fire Section Kodak Canada Inc MPH Industries Inc Peerless Handcuff Company MD Charlton Co Ltd National Helicopters Inc Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Pro-Tech Equipment Micro Video Products Polaroid Canada Inc Poliforce PSTD Service Group National Helicopters Inc The Current Sales Corporation Pro-Tech Equipment R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Pelican Products Treck Hall R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Safe Restraints Inc POLIFORCE Canada Services RU2 Systems Smith & Wesson Corp Pro-Tech Equipment POLICE EQUIPMENT R&D Speed Measurement Labs SWS Detention Group Inc R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Stalker Radar / Applied Concepts Tactical Advantage Tactical & Survival Specialties Inc Canadian Police Research Centre Thomas Electronics Security Ltd U.S. Cavalry / Cavpro Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc Canadian Police Supply Viking Metals & Military Supplies The Current Corporation Crime Scene Law Enforcement Supplies RANGE SUPPLIES Zak Tool Inc The Deltic Group Ltd Cruisers Inc Salient Manufacturing & Security Frontline Tactical Products Beacon Target Turner RETIREMENT PLANNING U.S. Cavalry / Cavpro Hi-Tec Intervention Inc Caswell International Inc Valley Associates Inc Innovative Security Solutions Inc Concept Development Corporation Beacon Financial Group

February 2002 48 PRODUCT LISTINGS

ROBOTS Omniglow Corp Law Enforcement Training & Supplies SECURITY Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Nine-One-One Outerwear PENAL INSTITUTIONS Dummies Unlimited Pacific Safety Products Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Inuktun Services Ltd Pine Medic First Aid & Rescue Products Pro-Tech Equipment Corporate Security Supply Ltd Valley Associates Inc Pro-Tech Equipment R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Deister Electronics Inc R Nicholls Distributors & Stores SWS Detention Group Inc Geac Public Safety SAFETY & RESCUE EQUIPMENT Spike Camp Wilderness Safety Supply Trilcor Industries Innovative Security Solutions Inc True Traffic Safety Tri-Tech Inc ITS Canada 3M Canada Company K9 Storm Inc Auroralites Safety Systems SWS Detention Group Inc Canadian Police Supply SAFETY WEAR SECURITY Trilcor Industries Canadian Safety Equipment I LLUMINATED IDENTIFICATION Tri-Tech Inc Class A Fire & Rescue Security Draeger Canada Ltd Alpine Joe Sportswear Ltd ADT Security Services Canada Inc Perimeter Dummies Unlimited Les Entreprises P Cormier Auroralites Safety Systems Equinox Adventures Cogent Systems Inc Flex-O-Lite Ltd ACE/Clear Defense Inc Controlled Access Systems Inc ADT Security Systems Fox 40 International Inc SEARCH EQUIPMENT Corporate Security Supply Ltd Frontline Tactical Products Bock Optronics Inc Digital Descriptor Systems Inc Controlled Access Systems Inc Hatch Inc EOD Performance Inc Frisco Bay Industries Ltd Courage Window Film Highpoint Security Inuktun Services Ltd IDenticam Systems Canada Ltd Integral Designs Ener-Shield Security Films Search Systems Inc Imagis Technologies Inc K9 Storm Inc Frisco Bay Industries Ltd Torfino Enterprises Inc Iridian Technologies Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Innovative Security Solutions Inc ITS Canada Levitt-Safety Ltd ITS Canada SCHOOLS / INSTITUTIONS Kirkpatricks Inc Life Safety Systems K9 Storm Inc Omniglow Corp MD Charlton Co Ltd Salient Manufacturing & Security American Inst of Applied Science Panasonic Canada Micro Video Products Sonitrol Security Systems Athabasca University Polaroid Canada Omniglow Corp Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc BCIT Forensic Science Technology R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc The Current Corporation Commercial Business College Pine Medic First Aid & Rescue Products Smartwater Canada Inc The Deltic Group Ltd Pro-Tech Equipment Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc Torfino Enterprises Inc R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Slugmaster Software Corp of America Special Electronics & Design Spike Camp Wilderness Safety Supply Swatgear.com The Current Corporation The Police Charter Equinox Adventures TQ1 Thermal Quest Inc HSS International Inc Tri-Tech Inc Lethbridge Community College Unifold Shelters Ltd Niagara University U.S. Cavalry / Cavpro Northern Ontario Police Academy Valley Associates Inc Orion College Viking Metals & Military Supplies Pearson Peacekeeping Visual Planning Corporation Rotman School of Mgmt Watercraft Rescue & Training Inc. Sig Arms Inc W E Canning Inc Southwest University Zodiac Hurricane Technologies Inc Smith & Wesson Corp Valley Associates Inc

SAFETY WEAR

3M Canada Company Alpine Joe Sports Wear Ltd Auroralites Safety Systems Bristol Leather & Sportswear Mfg Co Ltd Canadian Police Supply Class A Fire & Rescue Flex-O-Lite Ltd SECURITY Flight Suits C LOTHING Flex-O-Lite Ltd Frontline Tactical Products 911 Supply Hatch Inc Alpine Joe Sports Wear Ltd Helmet House Atlantic Police & Security K9 Storm Inc Canadian Police Supply Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Crime Scene Law Enforcement Supplies MD Charlton Co Ltd Flight Suits Merit Apparel Co Inc Hatch Inc Millennium Police Supply K9 Storm Inc For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 49 PRODUCT LISTINGS

SECURITY SURVEILLANCE Mega Tech Spike Camp Wilderness Safety Supply TRAINING Pro-Tech Equipment Surefire Bock Optronics Inc R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Swatgear.com Advanced Interactive Systems Canadian Police Supply Signaflex Inc Tactical Advantage Baden K-9 Dummies Unlimited Sony Canada Tactical & Survival Specialties Inc Dummies Unlimited Elmo Canada Executive Security Services Int’l Executive Security Services Int’l SYSTEMS INTEGRATION F.A.T.S. Inc Frisco Bay Industries Ltd Frontline Tactical Products Hutton Communications Globe Risk Holdings Inc Instrument Technology Inc Heckler & Koch Inc ITS Canada IES – Range 2000 ITS Consultants Industrial Training & Design Ltd ITT Industries Night Vision The Current Corporation ITS Consultants Life Safety Systems The Deltic Group Ltd Justice Institute of BC Maritime Services Police & Fire Section The Kop Shop Kaban Protective Services MD Charlton Co Ltd TACTICAL TEAM EQUIPMENT Thomas Electronic Security Ltd Lethbridge Community College Micro Video Products Tri-Tech Inc Mondanock Lifetime Products Inc Navitrak 911 Supply True Traffic Safety Pads Fitness Supplies Nissetowa Inc A&A Robotics Development Twitco Distributing Pro-Tech Equipment Panasonic Canada Inc Armor Holdings Products Division Unifold Shelters Ltd PSTD Service Group PK Van Bodies Atlantic Police & Security Supply U S Cavalry / Cavpro Securesearch Inc Auroralites Safety Systems Valley Associates Inc Slugmaster Big Sky Racks Inc Viking Metals & Military Supplies Smith & Wesson Corp Bushnell Performance Optics W E Canning Inc The Police Charter Bock Optronics Inc Wolverine Supplies Valley Associates Inc Shields Canadian Law Enforcement Products X-Spand Target Systems U.S. Cavalry / Cavpro Canadian Police Supply Zarc International Inc Canadian Safety Equipment Racom Products Inc Colt Manufacturing Co Inc SIRENS & EMERGENCY LIGHTING R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Diamond Products Marketing Inc TELESCOPING MASTS: LIGHTS Salient Manufacturing & Security & ANTENNA Atlantic Police & Security Supply Dummies Unlimited Search Systems Inc Blue Max Lighting & Emergency Equip- DuPont Canada Silent Witness Canadian Police Supply ment EOD Performance Inc Special Electronics & Designs ITS Canada Canadian Law Enforcement Products Equinox Adventures Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc Valley Associates Inc Canadian Police Supply Flight Suits The Current Corporation Code 3 Public Safety Equipment Frontline Tactical Products The Deltic Group Ltd Cruisers Inc Genesport Industries Ltd The Police Charter THIEF DETECTION MATERIALS Crown North America Gentex International Ltd Twitco Distributing Dactar Systems Hatch Inc U.S. Cavalry / Cavpro Corporate Security Supply Ltd Federal Signal Corp Hi-Tec Intervention Inc Valley Associates Inc Crime Scene Law Enforcement Supplies Flex-O-Lite Ltd Howard Leight Hearing Protection Vidsecure Inc R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Life Safety Systems K9 Storm Inc Wescam Inc SecuriSource Inc Havis Shields Equipment Corp Instrument Technology Inc Hutton Communications ITS Canada SURVEILLANCE Kee-Lok Security ITT Industries Night Vision COUNTERMEASURES TIRE DEFLATION DEVICES Levitt-Safety Ltd Laser Technology Inc MD Charlton Co Ltd Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Highpoint Security Canadian Police Supply Mega Tech Life Safety Systems MD Charlton Co Ltd Pro-Tech Equipment Mace Security Int’l Inc SURVEILLANCE Mega Tech R Nicholls Distributors & Stores MD Charlton Co Ltd UNDER VEHICLE Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Signaflex Inc Metro Tactical Products R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Smith & Wesson Corp Michaels of Oregon Co ATS Asset Tracking Services Stop Stick Ltd Sound Off Inc Micro Video Products Canadian Safety Equipment Squad-Fitters Inc Millennium Police Supply Criminalistics TRAINING AIDS & SERVICES Star Warning Systems Monadnock Lifetime Products Inc Dummies Unlimited POLIFORCE Canada Services New Eagle ITS Canada Advanced Interactive Systems Pro-Tech Equipment North Sylva Co ITS Consultants Applicant Testing Services Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc MD Charlton Co Ltd Armor Holdings Products Division Thomas Electronic Security Ltd Pacific Safety Products Mega Tech Canadian Law Enforcement Products Visibility Systems Co Pads Fitness Supplies Micro Video Products CAPS Inc Whelen Canada PK Van Bodies R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Caswell International Inc Whelen Engineering Police Ordnance Co Inc Salient Manufacturing & Security Protech Armored Products Cesaroni Technology Inc The Deltic Group Ltd Pro-Tech Equipment CPI Crisis Prevention Institute SPECIMAN PACKAGING The Police Charter Protective Optics Inc Dalhousie University Valley Associates Inc R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Defense Technology Corporate Security Supply Ltd Rescue Phone Inc Detect Investigations Saf-T-Pak Inc SWITCHES AND CONTROL Safariland Ltd Inc Dummies Unlimited SYSTEMS Salient Manufacturing & Security Equinox Adventures SURPLUS USED INVENTORY Scat Industries F.A.T.S. Inc Crown North America Search Systems Inc Genesport Industries Ltd Mega Tech Kee-Lok Security Second Change Body Armor Inc Georgian College Pro-Tech Equipment MacMillans Spa Tactical Globe Risk Holdings Inc R Nicholls Distributors & Stores MD Charlton Co Ltd Special Electronics & Designs Howard Leight Hearing Protection

February 2002 50 PRODUCT LISTINGS

IES – Range 2000 Hatch Inc BMW Canada Inc Industrial Training & Design Ltd Integral Designs Caswell International Inc Innocorp Ltd Kee-Lok Security Cruisers Inc John E Reid & Associates Kirkpatricks Inc Ford Motor Co Justice Institute of BC Law Enforcement Training & Supplies General Motors Diesel F.A.T.S. Inc Les Entreprises P Cormier Honda Canada Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Martin & Levesque LDV Inc Mace Security Int’l Inc MD Charlton Co Ltd MD Charlton Co Ltd PK Van Bodies Mancom Manufacturing Inc Merit Apparel Co Inc Pentax Technologies Redline Snowmobiles MD Charlton Co Ltd Muir Cap & Regalia Ltd PK Van Bodies The Deltic Group Ltd Monadnock Lifetime Products Inc Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Pit Bull Tire Lock Corp Turbo Images Nelson Thomson Learning Outdoor Outfits Poliforce Old Village Press Pacific Safety Products Pro-Tech Equipment VEHICLE TRACKING EQUIPMENT Pearson Peacekeeping Pro-Tech Equipment R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Pine Medic First Aid & Rescue Products R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Securitrim Inc ATS Asset Tracking Services Pine Tree Law Enforcement Scat Industries Setina Manufacturing Co Inc Cruisers Inc Pro-Tech Equipment Spike Camp Wilderness Safety Supply SkidCar System Inc Drive Cam Saf-T-Pak Inc Squad-Fitters Inc Signaflex Inc ITS Canada Securesearch Inc Stratton Hats Inc Software Corp of America ITS Consultants TAC Systems Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc Sound Off Inc K9 Storm Inc The Police Charter The Kop Shop Squad-Fitters Inc The Current Sales Corporation Trauma Management Training Ltd The Uniform Group Inc. Turbo Images U.S. Cavalry / Cavpro Thomas Electronics Security Ltd U.S. Cavalry / Cavpro VESSELS & ACCESSORIES Valley Associates Inc Tri-Tech Inc VehiTech Visual Planning Corporation Uniforms Uniforms Whelen Engineering Mercury Marine Ltd Watercraft Rescue & Training Inc. US Cavalry / Cavpro Offshore Inflatable Boats Westervelt College VF Industries VEHICLES Pro-Tech Equipment Viking Metals & Military Supplies F UEL Whelen Canada TRAUMA SCENE CLEANING W E Canning Inc Yamaha Motor Canada Ltd Westervelt College Whelen Canada Zebec Canada Funeral Sanitation Service W L Gore & Associates Zodiac Hurricane Technologies Inc Kidd Cleaning Services Zak Tool Inc VEHICLES OFF-ROAD VIDEO TRAUMA TREATMENT MOBILE & SURVEILLANCE VEHICLES & ACCESSORIES Arctic Cat Inc Ford Motor Co Bellwood Health Services Inc Bock Optronics Inc Honda Canada Frontline Tactical Products Blue Max Lighting & Emergency Prod- Cruisers Inc Ontario Drive & Gear Ltd Pine Medic First Aid & Rescue Products ucts Drive Cam Pro-Tech Equipment Trauma Management Training Ltd Canadian Police Supply Elmo Canada Redline Snowmobiles Cogent Systems Inc Hutton Communications Yamaha Motor Canada Ltd UNIFORMS & ACCESSORIES Concept Seating Incorporated Instrument Technology Inc Crown North America ITS Canada VEHICLES Alpine Joe Sportswear Ltd Cruisers Inc ITS Consultants R EFIT Atlantic Police & Security Supply Dactar Systems F.A.T.S. Inc Blauer Manufacturing Co DaimlerChrysler Canada Mega Tech Emergency Vehicle Restoration Bushnell Performance Optics Delmas Manufacturing MPH Industries Inc Marcor Automotive Canadian Police Supply Drive Cam Navitrak PK Van Bodies Crime Scene Law Enforcement Supplies Electromega Ltd Search Systems Inc VehiTech Elbeco Incorporated Federal Signal Corp Silent Witness Whelen Canada Flight Suits Ford Motor Co Sony Canada Flying Cross by Fechheimer General Motors of Canada Special Electronics & Designs VEHICLES Gander Brands Inc Go Rhino! The Current Corporation SPECIALTY Genesport Industries Ltd Havis Shields Equipment Corp Thomas Electronics & Security Gould & Goodrich Kee-Lok Security Arctic Cat Inc V-Sec Systems

For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 51 PRODUCT LISTINGS

VIDEO VOICE LOGGING SYSTEMS MD Charlton Co Ltd Sig Arms Inc TRAINING Mega Tech Smith & Wesson Corp Dictaphone Canada Inc Michaels of Oregon Co Sturm Ruger & Co Inc Corporate Security Supply Ltd Olympic Arms Inc The Police Charter WEAPONS & ACCESSORIES Police Ordnance Co Inc Tufloc Mfg by Esmet Prairie Gun Works 911 Supply Pro-Tech Equipment Alloy Welding R Nicholls Distributors & Stores WEAPONS Armor Holdings Products Division Remington Arms Co Inc TRAINING Atlantic Police & Security Supply Schmidt & Bender Beretta USA Corp Sig Arms Inc Atlantic Police & Security Supply F.A.T.S. Inc Big Sky Racks Inc Smith & Wesson Blauer Tactical Systems IES – Range 2000 Canadian Law Enforcement Products Sturm Ruger & Co Inc Canadian Law Enforcement Products LiveLink Training Network Canadian Police Supply Tactical & Survival Specialties Inc Beretta USA Corp MD Charlton Co Ltd Colt’s Mfg Co Inc Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc CAPS Inc Dummies Unlimited Ontario Police Video Training Alliance Concept Development Corporation The Current Corporation F.A.T.S. Inc Securesearch Inc Dactar Systems Thomas Electronics Security Ltd Wolverine Supplies Globe Risk Holdings Special Electronics & Designs Diamond Products Marketing Inc Westervelt College Glock Inc DSM Law Enforcement Products Heckler & Koch Inc Glock Inc HSS International Inc WEAPONS Heckler & Koch Inc IES – Range 2000 VIP PROTECTION MAINTENANCE North Sylva Co Mace Security Int’l Inc Executive Security Services Int’l Laser Devices Inc Break-Free Inc MD Charlton Co Ltd HSS International Inc LaserMax Inc Canadian Police Supply Monadnock Lifetime Products Inc ITT Industries Night Vision Kleen-Bore Inc Pads Fitness Supplies K9 Storm Inc MD Charlton Co Ltd Police Ordnance Co Inc The Police Charter Police Ordnance Co Inc PSTD Service Group Prairie Gun Works R Nicholls Distributors & Stores R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Sig Arms Inc VOICE DICTATION SYSTEMS Smith & Wesson Corp Slugmaster True Traffic Safety Smith & Wesson Corp Dictaphone Canada Inc Mace Security Int’l Inc Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc The Police Charter Westervelt College WEAPONS X-Spand Target Systems N ON-LETHAL Zarc International Inc

Atlantic Police & Security Supply Blauer Tactical Systems WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS Canadian Law Enforcement Products Dummies Unlimited Aether Systems Inc Globe Risk Holdings Alcom Enterprises Inc Highpoint Security Technologies Bell Mobility K9 Storm Inc Cogent Systems Inc Life Safety Systems Dataradio MD Charlton Co Ltd Hutton Communications Mace Security Intl Inc ITS Canada Mega Tech PRC Public Sector Inc Monadnock Lifetime Products Inc Police Ordnance Co Inc Pro-Tech Equipment R Nicholls Distributors & Stores Spyderco Inc The Police Charter Tri-Tech Inc Valley Associates Inc Mitsubishi Electric Sales Canada Inc. Zarc International Inc Panasonic Canada Inc Tri-Tech Inc Western Avionics Inc WEAPONS Windows to Technology Ltd SECURITY

Atlantic Police & Security Supply XRAY REFERENCE MATERIAL DSM Law Enforcement Products Globe Risk Holdings Heckler & Koch Inc Innovative Security Solutions Inc MD Charlton Co Ltd Pro-Tech Equipment PSTD Service Group R Nicholls Distributors & Stores For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 52 CORPORATE LISTINGS

2ND Star Associates Alcom Enterprises Inc ATS Asset Tracking Services Best Choice Collectibles 300 Carlsbad Village Dr 5050 Dufferin St Ste 104 800 – 444 5th Ave SW 9 Bradwick Dr Carlsbad CA 92008 Downsview ON M3H 5T5 Calgary AB T2P 2T8 Concord ON L4K 2T4 760 434-0568 Fax 760 434-0570 416 665-9799 Fax 416 665-2899 403 213-5577 Fax 403 262-7169 800 306-7076 Fax 905 669-9756

3M Canada Company Alexander Battery Auroralites Safety Systems Bianchi International PO Box 5757 Station B 145 Spruce St 2231 Blue Beech Cres 100 Calle Cortez London ON N6A 4T1 Ottawa ON K1R 6P1 Mississauga ON L5L 1C2 Temecula CA 92590 800 265-1840 Fax 519-452-6245 800 267-8895 Fax 613 230-7819 905 820-2980 800 477-8545 Fax 909 676-5621

911 Supply Alloy Welding Australian Shop Big Rush Inc 12 - 4412 Manilla Rd SE 163 Curtis Drive 3284 Yonge St Ste 300 183 Deer Ridge Dr Calgary AB T2G 4B7 Guelph ON N1K 1S9 Toronto ON M4N 3M7 St Albert AB T8N 6H1 403 287-1911 Fax 403 287-9740 519 822-0577 Fax 519 822-9791 416 322-5826 Fax 416 322-5826 780 459-9656

Alpine Joe Sportswear Ltd Big Sky Racks Inc 1859 Franklin St PO Box 729 A Vancouver BC V5L 1P9 B Bozeman MT 59715 604 251-3843 Fax 604 251-2246 406 586 9393 Fax 406 585 7378 A&A Robotics Development B H Harris Consulting & Research American Institute of Applied Science 140 King St West Biltmore Hats 357 Edgeley Blvd Unit 12 100 Hunter Place 139 Morris St Condord ON L4K 4Z5 Gananoque ON K7G 2G4 Youngsville NC 27596 613 382-3629 Guelph ON N1H 6L7 905-761-2039 Fax 905 761-2040 919 554-2500 Fax 919 556-6784 800 265-8382 Fax 519 836-2774 Absolute Software Baden K-9 Anchor Audio PO Box 106 Biosafe Skin Products Inc 304 - 1212 W Broadway 3415 Lomita Blvd 824 – 86 Main St Vancouver BC V6H 3V1 Wellandport ON L0R 2J0 Torrence CA 90505 905 562 3095 Fax 905 562-4242 Hamilton ON L9H 2R1 604 730-9851 Fax 604 730-2621 800 262-4671 Fax 310 784-0533 877 786-2272 Fax 905 627-7510 Ace Clear Defence Inc Bates Shoe Company AntennaPlus 9341 Courtland Dr Blauer Manufacturing Co Inc 200 Isabella Unit 500 13199 North 101st Place 20 Aberdeen St Ottawa ON K1S 1V7 Rockford MI 49351 Scottsdale AZ 85260 616 866-5501 Fax 616 866-5659 Boston MA 02215 613 237-0000 Fax 613 237-1774 480 657-7354 Fax 480 657-0204 800 225-6715 Fax 617 536-6948 Accident Support Services Ltd BCIT Forensic Science Technology Applicant Testing Service 3700 Willingdon Ave Blue Line Magazine Inc 111 Toryork Drive 540 Clarke Road Unit 14 12A-4981 Hwy 7 East Ste 254 Weston ON M9L 1X9 Burnaby BC V5G 3H2 London ON N5V 2C7 604 412-7436 Fax 604 431-4516 Markham ON L4A 6A2 416 745-1600 Fax 416 745-5555 800 429-7728 Fax 519 659-8757 905 640-3048 Fax 905 640-7547 AdLib Publishing Systems Beacon Financial Group Arctic Cat Inc 20 Main St Blue Max Lighting & Emergency 5100 South Service Rd Unit 17 601 Brooks Ave S 406 17665 - 66A Ave Burlington ON L7L 6A5 St Catharines ON L2N 4T4 Thief River Falls MN 56701 905 646 8233 Fax 905 646-9359 Surrey BC V3S 2A7 905 631-2875 Fax 905 639-3540 218 681-8558 Fax 218 681-3162 604 574-4062 Fax 640 574-4055 Beacon Target Turner ADT Security Services Canada Inc ArmaLite Inc BMW Motorcycles (Canada) Ltd 3118 N River Park 2815 Matheson Blvd E PO Box 299 920 Champlain Court Mississauga ON L4W 5J8 Geneseo IL 61254 Johnsburg IL 60050 Whitby ON L1N 6K9 800 567-5675 309 944-6939 Fax 309 944-6949 815 385-8383 Fax 815 385-8090 905 683-1200 Fax 905 428-5446

Advanced Interactive Systems Armor Holdings Products Division Beaconway Technology Inc BOA Handcuff Company 565 Andover Pk W Ste 201 13386 International Pkwy 6715 - 8th St NE Ste 212 101 Commercial St Seattle WA 98188 Jacksonville FL 32218 Calgary AB T3G 3M1 Plainview NY 11803 800 441-4487 800 4218-0588 Fax 800 432-7019 403 274-6110 Fax 403 274-8447 516 576-0295 Fax 516 576-0100

Advantage Internet Software Solutions Artcal Graphics Beat Press Bock Optronics Inc 138 Harmony Road North 779 Industrial Rd 1637 West Point Cres. 14 Steinway Blvd Unit 7 Oshawa On L1G 6L3 London ON N5V 3N5 Orleans ON K1C 6C5 Etobicoke ON M9W 6M6 905 424-2389 Fax 905 721-9883 519 453-6010 Fax 519 453-3617 613-824-1893 Fax 613-824-1893 416 674-2804 Fax 416 674-1827

Aerofast Industries Ascot Uniforms & Regalia Ltd Bell Helicopter Boomerang Vehicle Tracking Box 3812 11 Grand Marshall Dr 12,800 rue de l’Avenir 9280 Boul. de l’acavie Jacksonville FL 32206 Scarborough ON M1B 5N6 Mirabel PQ J7J 1R4 Montreal PQ H4N 3C5 800 656-2376 Fax 904 354-3488 416 724-9166 Fax 416 724-9169 450 437-3400 Fax 450 437-2006 514 234-8722 Fax 514 385-0763

Aether Systems Asset Tracking Services Inc Bell Mobility Bramic Creative Business Products 300 Nickerson Rd 800 – 444 Fifth Ave SW 262 Britannia Road East 5205 Sideline 14 Malboro MA 01752 Calgary AB T2P 2T8 Mississauga ON L4Z 1S6 Claremont ON L1Y 1A1 508 460-4000 Fax 508 460-4099 403 213-5577 Fax 403 262-7169 905 890-0000 Fax 905 890-1949 905 649-2732 Fax 905 649-2734

AIMS Multimedia Athabasca University Bellwood Health Services Bristol Leather & Sportswear 9710 DeSoto Ave 1 University Drive 1020 McNicoll Ave 6600 St Urbain St Chatsworth CA 91311-4409 Athabasca AB T9S 3A3 Scarborough ON M1W 2J6 Montreal PQ H2S 3G8 800 367-2467 Fax 818 341-6700 780 675-6145 Fax 780 675-6145 416-495-0926 Fax 416-495-7943 800 361-1936 Fax 514 279-5756

AirIQ Inc Atlantic Police & Security Supply Ltd Beretta Bushnell Performance Optics 1099 Kingston Road Ste 233 99 Rocky Lake Dr Unit 11 17601 Beretta Drive 25A East Pearce St Unit 1 Pickering ON L1V 1B5 Bedford NS B4A 2T3 Accokeek MD 20607 Richmond Hill ON L4B 2M9 905 831-6444 Fax 905 831-0567 902 835-1819 Fax 902 835-2470 301 283-2191 Fax 301 283-0435 905 771-2980 Fax 905 771-2984

February 2002 53 CORPORATE LISTINGS

Business Watch International Carswell Thompson Publishing Commercial Business College Cruisers Inc 6847 Rochdale Blvd. 2075 Kennedy Road 401 - 36 Eglinton Ave West 988 Rickett Road Regina SK S4X 2Z2 Scarborough ON M1T 3V4 Toronto ON M4R 1A1 Brighton MI 48116 877 404-3368 Fax 306 543-5506 416 298-5180 Fax 416 298-5082 416 480-1546 Fax 416 480-0772 810 229-0122 Fax 810 229-0124

Butterworths Cascade Wear Ltd Commercial Diving Group CVDS 75 Clegg road 148 W 6th Ave 1001 Churchill Cr 2109 St-Regis Blvd Markham ON L6G 1A1 Vancouver BC V5Y 1K6 N Vancouver BC V7P 1P9 Dollard-Des-Ormeaux PQ H9B 2M9 905 479-2665 Fax 905 479-2826 604 873-2226 Fax 604 873-2487 604 904-5655 Fax 604 904-3483 514-421-7404 Fax 514-421-3752

Cases Unlimited ComnetiX Computer Systems Inc Cycle Works 670 Progress Unit 8 2872 Bristol Circle Ste 100 1203 41st Ave. Scarborough ON M1H 3A4 Oakville ON L6H 6G4 Capitola CA 95010 C 416 289-8340 Fax 416 289-8715 888 357-7448 Fax 905-829-1944 831 476-7092 Fax 831 976-7094

CALEA (Comm on Accreditation) Caswell International Inc Concept Development Corp 320 - 10306 Eaton Place 2540 Second St 16610 Laser Dr Ste 5 Fairfax VA 22030-2201 Minneapolis MN 55418 Fountain Hills AZ 85268 D 800 368-3757 x26 Fax 703 591-2206 612 379-2000 Fax 612 379-2367 800 472-4405 Fax 480 836-4435 Dack’s Shoes Ltd Canada Law Book Inc C-Cure Associates Concept Seating Incorporated 595 Trethewey Drive 240 Edward Street 1137 Pinegrove Road N76 W30500 Hwy VV PO Box 499 Toronto ON M6M 4C1 Aurora ON L4G 3S9 Oakville ON L6L 2W3 Hartland WI 53029 416 241-5216 Fax 416 241-5210 905 841-6472 Fax 905 841-5078 905 844-6166 Fax 905 844-7533 800 892-5563 Fax 800 897-2298 Dactar Systems Canadian Firearms Centre Centre for Curriculum Transfer Tech Constable Todd Gray 190 Don Park Rd Unit 9 284 Wellington St 1483 Douglas St 6th Floor Box 10 Markham ON L3R 2V8 Ottawa ON K1A 0H8 Victoria BC V8W 3K1 Kugluktuk NU X0B 0E0 905 479-9484 Fax 905 479-8604 613 946-1566 Fax 613 941-1991 250 413-4446 Fax 250 413-4403 867 982-5231 Fax 867 982-3390 DaimlerChrysler Canada Inc Canadian Forces Liaison Council Cesaroni Technology Inc Controlle PC Inc 6500 Mississauga Road 101 Colonel By Drive PO Box 246 418 Rue Des Frenes Mississauga ON L5N 1A9 Ottawa ON K1A 0K2 Gormley ON L0H 1G0 L Acadie PQ J2Y 1J1 800 463-3600 Fax 905 821-6020 613 992-3284 Fax 613 996-1618 905 887-2370 Fax 905 887-2375 450-346-8710 Fax 450-346-8739 Dalgas Enterprises Inc Canadian Helicopters Ltd Charles C Thomas Publisher Ltd. Controlled Access Systems Inc 1885 Briarcrook Cres Ste 210 Island Shell Aerocentre 2600 S 1st St 35 W Pearce Mississauga ON L4X 1X3 Toronto ON M5v 1A1 Springfield IL 62704 Richmond Hill ON L4B 3A9 905 625-8061 Fax 905 625-4911 416 203-9213 Fax 416 203-9214 800 258-8980 Fax 217-789-9130 905 764-1840 Fax 905 764-1770 Dalhousie University Canadian Law Enforcement Products CID Base Corporate Security Supply 6100 University Avenue 44 Lorindale Ave 63 Raner Cres Unit D 891 Century St Halifax NS B3H 3J5 Toronto ON M5M 3C2 Wellesley ON N0B 2T0 Winnipeg MB R3H 0M3 902 494-6930 Fax 902 494-2598 416 487-8894 Fax 416 484-9345 519 656-9701 204 989-1000 Fax 204 989-1010 Danner Shoe Canadian Police Research Centre Civerex Systems Courage Window Film Products 18550 NE Riverside Parkway National Research Council 185 Dorval Ave Ste 201 2170 Dunwind Dr Unit 4 Portland OR 97230-4975 Ottawa ON K1A 0R6 Dorval PQ H9S 5J9 Mississauga ON L5L 5M8 800 345-0430 Fax 503 251-1119 613 993-3737 Fax 613 954-1473 514 636-3223 Fax 514 636-8651 905 607-4950 Fax 905 607-4954 Data911 Canadian Police Supply Class A Fire & Rescue CPI Crisis Prevention Institute 2021 Challenger Dr 727 Kingston Mills Rd PO Box 626 3315 K North 124th St Alameda CA 94501 Kingston ON K7L 4V3 Madoc ON K0K 2K0 Brookfield WI 53005 510 865-9100 Fax 510 865-9090 613 544-0032 Fax 613 544-8430 800 987-3698 Fax 613 473-5319 212 783-7850 Fax 262 783-5906 DataRadio Canadian Safety Equipment Code 3 Public Safety Equipment Inc Criminalistics Inc 5500 Royalmount Ave Ste 200 111 – 2465 Cawthra Road PO Box 120 1391 Main Ave Montreal PQ H4P 1H7 Mississauga ON L5A 3P2 DeWinton AB T0L 0X0 Morton WA 98356 514 737-0020 Fax 514 737-7883 800 265-0182 Fax 905 272-1866 403 938-5348 Fax 403 938-5274 360 496-6363 Fax 360 496-6210 Code 4 Fire & Rescue Inc CriSys Limited DavTech Analytical Services 130 Can-Thai Software Solutions Industrial Ave Unit B 778 William St 2359 Royal Windsor Dr 8901 Woodbine Ave Ste 110 Mississauga ON L5T 4S9 Markham ON L3R 9Y4 Carleton Place ON K7C 3T2 Midland ON L4R 4R8 613 253-7000 Fax 613 253-0023 705-527-1717 800 387-2286 905 474-9111 Fax 905 474-0536

CAPS Inc Cogent Systems Inc CritiCal Personnel Selection Software DBA Systems Inc A Titan Co CP 312 209 Fair Oaks Ave 1321 Howe Ave Ste 250 1200 S Woody Burke Rd Box 550 Roxboro QC H8Y 3K4 South Pasadena CA 91030 Sacremento CA 95825 3937 Melbourne FL 32902 0550 514 696-8591 Fax 514 696-2348 626 799-8090 Fax 626 799-8996 916 563-6219 Fax 916 563-7557 321 727-0660 Fax 321 952-1689

Captiva Software Corp Colt’s Manufacturing Co Inc Cross Country Parts Distribution Defense Technology 10145 Pacific Heights Blvd PO Box 1868 2307 Centre Ave SE 13386 International Pkwy San Diego CA 92121 Hartford CT 06144 Calgary AB T2E 0A9 Jacksonville FL 32218 858 320-1000 Fax 858 320-1010 203 244-1410 Fax 203 244-1475 403 235-5454 Fax 403 235-6394 800 4218-0588 Fax 800 432-7019

Carruthers Shaw & Partners Ltd Command System Inc Crown North America Deister Electronics Inc 200 - 2345 Yonge Street 155 Queen St Ste 200 210 Rexdale Blvd 1099 Kingston Rd Ste 212 Toronto ON M4P 2E5 Ottawa ON K1P 6L1 Etobicoke ON M9W 1R2 Pickering ON L1V 1B5 416 482-5002 Fax 416 482-5040 613 566-7011 Fax 613 566-7021 416 741-4601 Fax 416 741-9931 905 837-5666 Fax 905 837 0777

February 2002 54 CORPORATE LISTINGS

Delmas Manufacturing Electromega Ltd Frontline Tactical Products Box 500 Hwy 16 & Main 760 Pacific Rd Unit 20 1320 Alberta Ave Delmas SK S0M 0P0 Oakville ON L6L 6M5 F Saskatoon SK S7K 1R5 306 445-5562 Fax 306 445-9842 800 663-7071 Fax 905 847-6789 888 470-6620 Fax 306 664-3051 F.A.T.S. Detect Investigations Elmo Canada 7340 McGiness Ferry Rd Futurecom 1211 Gorham St Unit 9 44 West Drive Suwanee GA 30024 3277 Langstaff Rd Newmarket ON L3Y 7V1 Brampton ON L6T 3T6 770 813-0180 Fax 770 622-3501 Concord On L4K 5P8 800 701-9180 Fax 905 660-1380 416 253-1796 Fax 416 253-1796 800 363-4059 Fax 905 453-2391 Federal Auction Service Inc Diamond Products Marketing Inc Elyps Dispatch Solutions 80 Devon Road Unit 3 2300 Commerce Park Dr Ste 7 Brampton ON L6T 5B3 Palm Bay FL 32905-2619 1010 de le Gauchetiere West #1100 905 458 9509 Fax 905 458 1281 G 321 726-0644 Fax 321 726-0645 Montreal PQ H3B 2N2 888 663-5977 Fax 514 879 1616 Federal Signal Corporation Gander Brands Inc Dictaphone Canada Ltd 2645 Federal Signal Dr 14556 – 121A Ave 2355 Skymark Ave Emergency Vehicle Restorations University Park IL 60466 Edmonton AB T5L 4L2 Mississauga ON L4W 4Y6 725 Richmond Street 800 264 3578 Fax 800 682-8022 800 661-6564 Fax 780 447-4454 905 625-0300 Fax 905 625-7885 Chatham ON N7M 5J5 519 352-6200 Fax 519 352-6284 Fire Facts Inc Geac Public Safety Digital Descriptor Systems Inc 45 Port Royal Trail 5509 West Gray St Ste 100 2010-F Cabot Blvd West EMJ Data Systems Ltd Scarborough ON M1V 2G7 Tampa FL 33609 Langhorne PA 19047 7067 Wellington Road 124 416 754-0459 Fax 416 754-8275 813 872-9990 Fax 813 207-6941 215 752-0963 Fax 215 752-5910 Guelph ON N1H 6J3 519 837-2444 Fax 519 836-1914 First Choice Collectibles General Motors Defense Dotmar Athletics PO Box 402 PO Box 5160 2555 Dixie Rd Ste 9 Empire Shirt Mississauga ON L5N 3E7 London ON N6A 4N5 Mississauga ON L4Y 4C4 906 – 210 Markland Drive 800 306 7076 Fax 905-813-8309 519 452 5054 Fax 519 452 5488 905 272-3663 Fax 905 949-5609 Toronto ON M9C 1R2 Flex-O-Lite Ltd General Motors of Canada Ltd 416 620-0611 Fax 416 620-0611 Draeger Canada Ltd 15 Flex-O-Lite Rd 1908 Colonel Sam Drive St Thomas ON N5P 3N5 Oshawa ON L1H 8P7 7555 Danbro Cr Ener-shield Security Films Mississauga ON L5N 6P9 800 265-7661 Fax 800 267-3265 905 644-1051 905 821-8988 Fax 905 821-2565 761 Peter Robertson Blvd Brampton ON L6R 1V2 Flight Suits Genesport Industries Ltd Drive Cam 905 569-8468 Fax 905 799-3099 1675 Pioneer Way 150 King St 9550 A Ridgehaven Crt El Cajon CA 92020 Montreal PQ H3C 2P3 San Diego CA 92123 Engineering Dynamics Corp 800 748-6693 Fax 800 748 6694 800 361-6173 Fax 514 874-0908 858 430-4000 Fax 858 430-4001 8625 SW Cascade Blvd Ste 200 Beaverton OR 97008-7100 FLIR Systems Ltd Gentex International Inc DSM Law Enforcement Products 503 644-4500 Fax 503 526-0905 5230 South Service Rd Ste 125 837 Rowantree Cres 14 Robb Blvd Burlington ON L7L 5K2 Kingston ON K7P 1P6 Orangeville ON L9W 3L2 Enterpol Inc 905 637 5696 Fax 905 639 5488 613 384-5303 Fax 613 384-5303 1 866 276-0445 Fax 519 941-4184 64 Jardin Drive Ste 3G Vaughan ON L4K 3P3 Flying Cross by Fechheimer Georgian College 1 Georgian Dr DuPont Canada 905 761-2003 Fax 905 761-8013 4545 Malsbary Road PO Box 2200 Stn Streetsville Cinncinati OH 45242 Barrie ON L4M 3X9 800 543-1939 Fax 888 793-5400 705 728-1968 Fax 705 722-5123 Mississauga ON L5M 2H3 EOD Performance Inc 905 821-5858 Fax 905 821-5177 2-5459 Canotek Rd Ford Motor Co of Canada Ltd Gimbel Glove Co Gloucester ON K1J 9M3 The Canadian Road 10640 N 28th Drive A-200 Dummies Unlimited 613 747-3590 Fax 613 747-0723 4750 Chino Ave Oakville ON L6J 5E4 Phoenix AZ 85029 905 845-2511 Fax 905 845 9591 888 667-8425 Fax 602 944-7933 Chino CA 91710 Equinox Adventures 909 590-8161 Fax 909 590-8163 5334 Yonge St unit 609 Forensic Technology Globalstar Canada 5757 Cavendish Ste 200 75 Watline Ave Ste 140 Dunlop Architects Inc Toronto ON M2N 6M2 416 222-2223 Fax 905 887-1951 Carte St Luc PQ H4W 2W8 Mississauga ON L4Z 3E5 477 Mount Pleasant Rd Ste 500 514 489-4247 Fax 514 485-9336 905 890-1377 Fax 905 890-2175 Toronto ON M4S 2L9 416 596-6666 Fax 416 596-7892 ESRI Canada 49 Gervais Drive Fox 40 International Inc Globe Risk Holdings Inc Don Mills ON M3C 1Y9 20 Warrington St 20 Bay St Ste 1205 800 447-9778 Fax 416 441-6838 Hamilton ON L8E 3V1 Toronto ON M5J 2N8 E 905 561-4040 Fax 905 578-5646 416 368-4118 Fax 416 214-2043 Eurocopter Canada Ltd Framed Police Concepts Glock Inc Ebik ID Solutions Inc PO Box 250 6000 Highlands Pkwy PO Box 369 Fort Erie ON L2A 5M9 2429 Meldrum Rd 14 Terry Fox Drive Windsor ON N0 N8W 4E7 Smyrna GA 30082 Vankleek Hill ON K0B 1R0 905 871-7772 Fax 905 871-3599 519-945-8229 770 432-1202 Fax 770 433-8719 613 678-6310 Fax 613 678-3589 Everest VIT Fred Deeley Imports Go Rhino EDS Law Enforcement 199 Hwy 206 830 Edgeley Blvd 2097 Botavia Street 99 Banks St Ste 600 Flanders NJ 07836 4500 Concord ON L4K 4X1 Orange CA 92865 Ottawa ON K1P 6L2 973 448-0077 Fax 973 448-0044 905 660-3500 Fax 905 660-3372 714 279-8300 Fax 714 273-8305 613-236-9734 Fax 613 232-5182

Elbeco Incorporated Executive Security Services Int’l Frisco Bay Industries Ltd Gordon Contract Sales PO Box 13099 PO Box 5585 160 Graveline Street 552 Queen St West Reading PA 19612-3099 Huntsville ON P1H 2L5 St. Laurent PQ H4T 1R7 Toronto ON M5V 2B5 610 921-0651 Fax 610 921-8651 705 788-1957 Fax 705 788-1958 514-738-7300 Fax 514-738-4649 416 504-5503 Fax 416 504-6818

February 2002 55 CORPORATE LISTINGS

Gould & Goodrich Hi-Tec Sports (Canada) Ltd Impact Cases Inc ITI Instrument Technology Inc 709E McNeil St 326 Watline Ave 20 Steelcase Rd W Unit 6 PO Box 381 Lillington NC 27546 Mississauga ON L4Z 1X2 Markham ON L3R 1B2 Westfield MA 01086-0381 910 893-2071 Fax 910 893-4742 905 568-1212 Fax 905 568-8448 905 470-7888 Fax 905 780 7843 413 562-3606 Fax 413 568-9809

Groen Brothers Aviation Inc Honda Canada Industrial Training & Design Ltd ITS Canada 2640 W California Ave Ste A 715 Milner Ave 1320 Alberta Ave 800 Industrial Ave Unit 6 Salt Lake City UT 84104-4593 Scarborough ON M1B 2K8 Saskatoon SK S7K 1R5 Ottawa ON K1G 4B8 801 973 0177 Fax 801 973 4027 416 284-8110 888 470-6620 Fax 306 664-3051 613 521-7899 Fax 613 521-7990

Group Action Honeywell Innocorp Ltd ITS Consultants 75 Sherbrooke St W 15801 Woods Edge Road PO Box 930064 2601 Matheson Blvd E Unit 28 Montreal PQ H2X 1X2 Colonial Heights VA 23834 Verona WI 53593-0064 Mississauga ON L4W 5A8 514 982-9822 Fax 514 982-9717 804 520 3573 800 272-5023 Fax 608 848-5558 905 625-7610 Fax 905 625-8506

Guidance Software Inc HotCool Wear Innovative Security Solutions Inc ITT Industries Night Vision 572 E Green St #300 310 Dupont St 20 Armstrong Ave 7671 Enon Dr Pasadena CA 91107 Toronto ON M5R 1V9 Georgetown ON L7G 4R9 Roanoke VA 24019 626 229-9191 Fax 626 229-9199 416 968-7252 Fax 416 968-2377 877-895-2790 Fax 905 877-9500 800 448-8678 Fax 540 362-4574

Hot Pack Enterprises Instrument Technology Inc 369 Holliday Point Rd PO Box 381 H Wolfe Island ON K0H 2Y0 Westfield MA 01086 J 613 385-1212 Fax 613 385-1212 413 562-3606 Fax 413 568-9809 Hartt Boot & Shoe Co Jack Young & Associates 595 Trethewey Dr Howard Leight Hearing Protection Integral Designs PO Box 522 Toronto ON M6M 4G1 7828 Waterville Rd 5516 3rd St SE Hazelton PA 18201 0522 416 241-5216 Fax 416 241-5210 San Diego CA 92173 Calgary AB T2H 1J9 570 455-7706 619 661-8383 Fax 619 661-8393 403 640-1445 Fax 403 640-1444 Hatch Corporation Joe Drouin Enterprises 1600 Emerson Ave HSS International Inc Integrys ltd PO Box 53150 Oxnard CA 93033 PO Box 50 #337 5835 Coopers Ave Ottawa ON K1N 1C5 800 767-1343 Fax 805 486-7133 Lake Arrowhead CA 92352 Mississauga ON L4Z 1Y2 819 568-6669 Fax 819 568-1074 909 336-4450 Fax 714 242-1312 905 890-2010 Havis-Shields Equipment Corp John E Reid & Associates PO Box 2099 HTE Inc Intelligent Computer Solutions 250 S Walker Dr Ste 1200 Warminster PA 18974 1000 Business Centre Dr 9350 Eton Ave Chicago IL 215 957-0720 Fax 215 957-0729 Lake Mary FL 32746 Chatsworth CA 91311 312 876-1743 800 727-8088 Fax 407 304-1005 818 998-5805 Fax 818 998-3190 H D Brown Enterprises Ltd Jordan Publications 23 Beverly Street East St Hutton Communications Interalia Inc 14 Debbie Cr St George ON N0E 1N0 24 The East Mall Unit 12 4110 79th St NW Port Colborne ON L3K 2V8 519 448-1381 Fax 519 448-3159 Etobicoke ON M8W 4W5 Calgary AB T3B 5C2 905 834-7556 Fax 905 834-7556 800 263-2323 Fax 800 265-9414 800 661-9406 Fax 403 288-5935 Heckler & Koch Inc Justice Institute of BC 21480 Pacific Blvd In-Time Solutions 715 McBride Blvd Sterling VA 20166 4165 Dawson St Ste 203 New Westminster BC V3L 5T4 703 450-1900 Fax 703 450-8160 Burnaby BC V5C 4B3 604 525-5422 Fax 604 528-5518 I 877 603-2830 Fax 604 713-8588 Helicopter Transport Services Canada PO Box 250 i2 Inc Inuktun Services Ltd Carp ON K0A 1L0 6551 Loisdale Court Suite 600 2569 Kenworth Rd 613 839-5868 Fax 613 839-2976 Springfield VA 22150 Nainamo BC V9T 3M4 888 546-5242 Fax 703 921-0196 877 468-5886 Fax 250 729-8077 K Helix Biotech Corp 215 - 7080 River Road IDenticam Systems Canada InvestigAide Software K9 Storm Inc Richmond BC V6X 1X5 30 Royal Crest Court Unit 11 457 Catherine St 820 Kildonan Dr 800 563-4363 Fax 604 270-8208 Markham ON L3R 9W8 Ottawa ON K1R 5T7 Winnipeg MB R2K 2E9 800 387-7031 Fax 800 287-7788 613 563-3413 Fax 613 563-3438 204 669-8199 Fax 204 668-2291 Helmet House 26855 Malibu Hills Rd Identicator Ion-Trace Inc Kaban Protective Services Calabasas Hills CA 91301 358 Coral Circle 5649 Concession 2 1657 Nanaimo St 818 880-0000 Fax 818 880-4550 El Segundo CA 90245 Stouffville ON L4A 7X4 Vancouver BC V5L 4T9 310 364-0042 Fax 310 364-0086 905 640-0295 Fax 905 640-0297 604 251-2121 Fax 604 251-2128 Henry’s 119 Church St Identix Incorporated Ion Track Instruments Kee-Lok Security Toronto ON M5C 2G5 100 Cooper Crt 205 Lowell St. #3 6125 11th St SE 800 461-7960 Fax 416 868-0243 Los Vatos CA 95032 Wilmington MA 01887 Calgary AB T2H 2L6 408 335-1400 Fax 408 395-8076 978 658-3767 Fax 978 657-5954 403 252-1989 Fax 403 252-1988 Highpoint Security Technologies Inc RR1 5589 Flagg Rd IES-Range 2000 Iridian Technologies Inc Kent Cartridge Canada Morrisburg ON K0C 1X0 8250 E Park Meadow Dr 121 Whitendale Drive Ste B 5 – 50 Bullock Dr 613 652-4623 Fax 613 652-2739 Littleton CO 80124 Morristown NJ 08057 Markham ON 303 662-1212 Fax 303 662-1211 856 797-6890 Fax 856 222-9028 800 844-1880 Fax 905 294-4921

Hi-Tec Intervention Inc Imagis Technologies Inc I-Sim Corporation Ken Weinberg D.Ch. 889 Marie-Victorin 1027 Pandora Ave 2961 W California Ave 310 Millway Ave Unit 9 St-Nicolas PQ G7A 3T3 Victoria BC V8V 3P6 Salt Lake City UT 84104 Concord ON L4K 3W3 888 709-4400 Fax 800 309-4779 250 383-4201 Fax 250 383-4705 888 259-4746 Fax 801 983-9922 905 660-7760 Fax 905 660-7757

February 2002 56 CORPORATE LISTINGS

Kenwood Communications LDV Inc Mancom Manufacturing Inc Merit Apparel Co Inc 6070 Kestrel Rd 180 Industrial Drive 64 Head St 1755 Commerce Ave Mississauga ON L5T 1S8 Burlington WI 53105 Dundas ON L9H 3H7 Vero Beach FL 32960 905 670-7211 Fax 905 670-7248 800 558-5986 Fax 262 763-0270 905 628-2240 Fax 905 628-8545 561 563-0002 Fax 561 563-2575

Kidd Cleaning Services LEADS Software Inc Manta Sport Michaels of Oregon Inc 2377 Hwy 2 Unit 120 200 1324 17th Ave SW 4425 Manitoba Rd SE 1710 Red Soils Court Bowmanville ON L1C 5E2 Calgary AB T2T 5S8 Calgary AV T2G 4B9 Oregon City OR 97045 905 242-7411 Fax 905 623-6317 403 204-8722 Fax 403 802-2086 403 777-1477 Fax 403 777-1470 503 655-7964 Fax 503 655-7546

Kings Markham Forensic Services Lees Motivation Canada Marcor Automotive Micro Snitch Corp 2543 Lakeshore Blvd Ste 304 838 Olive Ave 516 Parkdale Ave N 552 Leighland Drive Toronto ON M8V 1E9 Oshawa ON L1H 2S5 Hamilton ON L8H 5Y5 Waterloo ON N2T 2H3 416 563-6958 905-434-6020 800 263-8621 Fax 800 461-1458 800 611-5200 Fax 519 725-4837

Kirkpatricks Inc Les Entreprises P Cormier Maritime Services Police & Security Micro Survey Software Inc 2600 John St Unit 123 CP Box 35 3440 Bridgeway St 110 – 2300 Carrington Rd Markham, ON L3R 3W3 St-Luc PQ J2W 2A1 Vancouver BC V5K 1B6 Westbank BC V4T 2N6 905 475-2206 Fax 905 475-9890 514 348-8501 Fax 514 348-0688 604 294-4444 Fax 604 294-5879 250 707-0000 Fax 250 707-0150

Kleen-Bore Inc Lethbridge Community College Martin & Levesque Micro Video Products 16 Industrial Pkwy 3000 College Dr South 420 3eme Ave Park Industrial One Mill Line Road Easthampton MA 01027 Lethbridge AB T1K 1L6 St Romuald PQ G6W 5M6 Bobcaygeon ON K0M 1A0 413 527-0300 Fax 413 527-2522 403 382-6932 Fax 403 317-3521 800 567-0068 Fax 418 839-5220 705 738-1755 Fax 705 738-5484

Kodak Canada Inc Levitt-Safety Ltd Matte Industries Inc Millennium Police Supply 3500 Eglinton Ave West 2872 Bristol Circle 4 Fortecon Drive Unit 1A 4880 Baseline Road Toronto ON M6M 1V3 Oakville ON L6H 5T5 Gormley ON L0H 1G0 Gloucester ON K1G 3N4 416 766-8233 Fax 416 766-5814 905 829-3299 Fax 905 829-2919 888 772 2350 Fax 905-713-1690 613 795-2637 Fax 613 822-0482

Kolpin Outdoors Lincoln Fabrics Ltd Maxxan Analytics Mind Inc 205 N Depot St 63 Lakeport Road 335 Laird Rd Unit 4 22 Guardwara Rd Fox Lake WI 53933 St Catharines ON L2N 4P6 Guelph ON N1H 6J3 Ottawa ON K2E 8A2 920 928-3118 Fax 920 928-3687 905 934-3391 Fax 905 934-9325 877 706-7678 888 566-4276 Fax 613 241-1593

Kustom Signals Inc LiveLink Training Network McDonnell Douglas Helicopter Mitsubishi Electric Sales Canada 9325 Pflum Rd 40 College St 11th floor 4555 E McDowell Rd 4299 14th Ave Lenexa KS 66215 Toronto ON M5G 2J3 Mesa AZ 85215-9734 Markham ON L3R 0J2 913 452-1400 Fax 913 492-6330 416 808-2222 Fax 416 808-8182 480 346-6424 Fax 480 346-6467 905 475-7728 Fax 905 475-7958

Lloyd Libke Police Sales MD Charlton Co Ltd MK Ballistic Systems PO Box 547 PO Box 153 2707 Santa Ana Valley Rd Cobourg ON K9A 4L3 Brentwood Bay BC V8M 1R3 Hollister CA95023 L 905 372-8865 Fax 905 372-1936 250 652-5266 Fax 250 652-4700 800 345-1504 Fax 831 636-8657

Laerdal Medical Canada Ltd LumaChem Inc MD Charlton Co Ltd M & L Supply 15 Nashdene Rd Unit 45 8050 South 1300 West 4580 Eastgate Pkwy Unit 3 3 Ash, Box 29 Toronto ON M1V 4C3 West Jordan UT 84088 Mississauga ON L4W 4K4 Newington ON K0C 1Y0 888 523-7325 Fax 416 298-8016 888 944-8391 Fax 801 256-3322 905 625-9846 Fax 905 625-3538 613-346-2320 Fax 613-346-2320

Laser Devices Inc Lynch Diversified Vehicles Medtronic Physio Control Monadnock Lifetime Products Inc 2 Harris Crt Apt A4 180 Industrial Drive 6733 Kitimat Rd 126 NH RT 12 N Monterey CA 93940 Burlington WI 53105 Mississauga ON L5N 1W3 Fitzwilliam NH 03447 831 373-0701 Fax 831 373-0903 800 558-5986 Fax 262 763-0270 888 879-0977 Fax 905 208-8373 603 585-6810 Fax 603 585-9575

Laser Labs Mega Lab Motorola Canada Ltd 454 First Parish Rd 90B Centurian Drive Unit 1 8133 Warden Ave Scituake MA 02066 Markham ON L3R 8C4 Markham ON L6G 1B3 800 452-2344 Fax 508 923-4750 M 905 305-0215 Fax 905 305-0232 905 948-5200 Fax 800 752-1658

LaserMax Inc Mace Security Int’l Inc Mega Technical Holdings Ltd MPH Industries Inc 3495 Winton Place Bldg B 160 Benmont Ave Ste 1 6909 76th Ave 316 E Ninth St Rochester NY 14623 Bennington VT 05201 Edmonton AB T6B 0A9 Owensboro KY 42303 800 527-3703 Fax 716 272-5427 802 447-1503 Fax 802 442-1616 800 700-7937 Fax 780 435-7606 888 689-9222 Fax 270 685-6288

Laser Technology Inc Ma-Com Private Radio Systems Mercury Marine Productds Muir Cap & Regalia Ltd 7070 S Tucson Way 2425 Skymark Ave Unit 4 2395 Meadowpine Blvd 1550 O’Connor Drive Englewood CO 80112 Mississauga ON L4W 4Y6 Mississauga ON L5N 7W6 Toronto ON M4B 2V3 800 280-6113 Fax 303 649-9710 905 282 8300 Fax 905 282 8302 905 567-6372 Fax 905 567-6371 416 757-2815 Fax 416 752-4615

Lasik MD MacMillans MetaMap Inc 1250 Rene Levesque W Level RT 3465 Semenyk Court 771 Corporate Dr Suite 405 Montreal PQ H3B 4W8 Mississauga ON L5C 4P9 Lexington KY 40523-3198 514 845-1515 Fax 514 845-7231 800 263-7283 Fax 905 896-4999 606 223-7651 Fax 606 223-8112 N

Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Magic Lantern Communications Ltd Mercury Marine Ltd NABCO Inc 48 Talbot St Rear East 10 Meteor Drive 2395 Meadowpine Blvd 1501 Reedsdale St Ste 5000 Aylmer ON N5H 1H4 Toronto ON M9W 1A4 Mississauga ON L5N 7W6 Pittsburgh PA 15233 888 424-4496 Fax 519 773-8387 416 675-1155 Fax 416 675-1154 905 567-6372 Fax 905 567-7970 412 231-8558 Fax 412 321-9122

February 2002 57 CORPORATE LISTINGS

National Helicopters Inc Northrupp Grumman Orion College Pine Tree Law Enforcement 11339 Albion Vaughan Road 1840 Century Pk E 620 Lotus Drive North 1200 Michener Rd Kleinburg ON L0J 1C0 Los Angeles CA 90067 Mandeville LA 70471 Sarnia ON N7S 4B1 905 893-2727 Fax 905 893-2700 310 201-3436 Fax 310 556-4561 800 374-9851 Fax 504 624-8241 519 344-4445 Fax 519 344-8700 Navitrak Nutrition Club Canada Our Software Ltd Pit Bull Tire Lock Corporation 1660 Hollis St Ste 904 1180 Cassells St Unit 102 81 Auriga Dr Unit 15 #1 240-222 Baseline Road Halifax NS B3J 1V7 North Bay ON P1B 4B6 Nepean ON K2E 7Y5 Sherwood Park AB T8H 1S8 902 429-1438 705 474-4031 Fax 705 474-1593 888 675-8255 Fax 613 228-9726 780 449-0928 Fax: 780 449-0928

NEC Technologies Inc Outdoor Outfits PK Van Bodies 2355 Gold Meadow Way Suite 200 372 Richmond St West 747 Bloor St W Gold River CA 95670 O Toronto ON M5V 1X6 Oshawa ON L1J 5Y6 800 777-AFIS Fax 916 463-7041 416 598-4111 Fax 416 598-4626 905 571-1701 Fax 905 571-3483 Ocean Systems Polaroid Canada Inc Nelson Thomson Learning 4016 Blackburn Ln 350 Carlingview Drive 1120 Birchmount Rd Burtonsville MD 20866 P Etobicoke ON M9W 5G6 Scarborough ON M1K 5G4 800 253-7516 Fax 301 421-1785 800 268-6970 Fax 416 675-3228 800 668-0671 Fax 416 750-3851 Pacific Safety Products Offshore Inflatable Boats 8056 Torbram Rd Poliforce Canada Services Nelson Wong Architect Inc 88 North Queen St Brampton ON L6T 3T2 356 Delta Ave 146 Vaughan Rd Toronto ON M8Z 2C9 905 799-2999 Fax 905 799-2890 Burnaby BC V5B 3C5 Toronto ON M6L 2M2 416 252-7775 Fax 416 252-0314 604 709-3634 Fax 604 876-8037 416 657 1048 Fax 416 657 8773 Pads Fitness Supplies O’Gara-Hess & Eisenhardt 9624 - 74th Street Police Ordnance Co Inc 22 Riviera Dr Net Cyclops Inc 9113 Lesaint Drive Edmonton AB T6B 2B9 27 – 2150 Winston Park Drive Fairfield OH 45014 Markham ON L3R 5M1 780 490-0144 Fax 780 490-0144 905 479-2223 Fax 905 479-8558 Oakville ON L6H 5V1 513 874-2112 Fax 513 874-2558 905 829-5579 Fax 905 829-0017 Old Village Press PageNet Inc Polygraph Professional Services PO Box 42221 128 Queen St S 2001 Sheppard Ave E Ste 500 PO Box 48004 St. Joseph New Eagle Mississauga ON L5M 4Z0 North York ON M2J 4Z8 Orleans ON K1C 7H5 100 ½ Madome St 905 564-0078 Fax 905 507-9445 416 490-3100 Fax 416 490-3149 613 830-8666 Fax 613 830 4578 Silver Lake KS 66539 800 850-8512 Fax 785 582-5820 Olin-Winchester Ammunition Palma Auto Boot Portable Alarms Ltd 427 N Shamrock St 7620-H Richenbacker Dr 1159 Kingdale Rd New England Press Inc East Alton IL62024-1197 Gaithersburg MD 20879-4773 Newmarket ON L3Y 4W1 1200 Wake Forest Drive 618 258-2000 Fax 618 258-3393 301 330-7138 Fax 301 330-8797 905 898-3343 Fax 905 895-9444 Alexandria VA 22307 703 765-7228 Fax 703 765-3160 Olympic Arms Inc Panasonic Canada Positron Public Safety Systems 620-624 Old Pacific Hwy SE 5770 Ambler Dr 5101 Buchan St Mississauga ON L4W 2T3 Montreal PQ H4P 2R9 Niagara University Olympia WA 98513 360 459-7940 Fax 360 491-3447 800 265-0616 Fax 905 238-2417 514 345-2200 Fax 514 345-2276 Timon Hall Niagara NY 14109 Omnes ad Unum (All Together as One) Panda Voice Systems Inc PPM 2000 Inc 716 286-8060 Fax 716 286-8061 1108 Birchcliff Cres 40 Hanna Crt 1400 - 10405 Jasper Ave Orillia ON L3V 6H4 Belleville ON K8P 5J2 Edmonton AB T5J 3N4 Nikon Canada Inc 705 329-1777 Fax 705 329-2777 613 967-8335 Fax 613 967-8176 780 448-0616 Fax 780 448-0618 1366 Aerowood Dr Mississauga ON L4W 1C1 Omniglow Corp Pearson Peacekeeping Centre Praeda Management Systems Inc 905 625-9910 Fax 905 625-6446 96 Windsor St Cornwallis Park PO Box 100 203 - 920 Commissioners Rd E W Springfield MA 01089 Clementsport NS B0S 1E0 London ON N5Z 3J1 Nine-One-One Outerwear 800 762-7548 Fax 413 737-8636 902 638 8611 Fax 902 638 8888 519 685-3350 Fax 519 685-3009 1932 St. George Avenue Saskatoon SK S7M 0K5 On Court Sports Peerless Handcuff Company Prairie Geomatics Ltd 95 State St PO Box 141 800 667-6831 Fax 306 934-6022 8 – 2601 Matheson Blvd E Mississauga ON L4W 5A8 Springfield MA 01103 Minnedosa MB R0J 1E0 905 629-8333 Fax 905 629-1989 800 732-3705 Fax 413 734 5467 888 444-0302 Fax 204 867-5722 Nissetowa Identification Systems 4470 - 97 Street Ontario Drive & Gear Ltd Pelican Products Inc Canada Prairie Gun Works Edmonton AB T6E 5R9 220 Bergey Court Box 280 10221 – 184 St 1 - 761 Marion St 780 438-3085 Fax 780 438-3136 New Hamburg ON N0B 2G0 Edmonton AB T5S 2J4 Winnipeg MB R2J 0K6 519 662-2840 Fax 519 662-2421 780 481-6076 Fax 780 481-9586 204 231-2976 Fax 204 231-8566 North Sylva 19 Ingram Dr Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Peltor Communications PRC Public Sector Inc Toronto ON M6M 2L7 160 4th Ave 546 Bryne Dr Unit C 2425 Matheson Blvd E Ste 811 416 242 4867 Fax 416 242 2829 Hanover ON N4N 2B3 Barrie ON L4N 9P6 Mississauga ON L4W 5K4 800 236-0892 Fax 519 364-2510 705 733-3404 Fax 705 733-3565 877 772-6700 Fax 905 361-2738 Northern Airborne Technology Ltd Pentax Technologies PRC Public Sector Inc 1925 Kirschner Road Ontario Police Video Training Alliance 68 Church St 100 Technology Drive 1500 PRC Drive Kelowna BC V1Y 4N7 St Catharines ON L2R 3C6 Broomfield CO 80021 McLean VA 22102-5050 250 763-2232 Fax 250 762-3374 905 688-3911 Fax 905 688-8353 800 543-6144 Fax 303 460-1628 877 PRC-4911 Fax 703 556-2626

Northern Ontario Police Academy Oregon Aero Inc Pine Medic First Aid & Rescue Products Pride in Service 239 Montee Principale 34020 Skyway Dr 1320 Alberta Ave PO Box 705 Azilda ON P0M 1B0 Scappoose OR 97056 2516 Saskatoon SK S7K 1R5 Pickering, ON L1V 3T3 705 983-5723 Fax 705 983-5696 800 888-6910 Fax 503 543-7199 888 470-6620 Fax 306 664-3051 800 535-9735 Fax 905 509-6933

February 2002 58 CORPORATE LISTINGS

Printrak, A Motorola Company Remington Arms Co Inc Salient Manufacturing & Security Prod Scintrex Trace Corp 1974 Rosebella Ave 870 Remington Dr PO Box 700 160 Main St S 152 Cleopatra Drive Ottawa ON K1T 1G7 Madison NC 27025 0700 Brampton ON L6W 4R1 Nepean ON K2G 5X2 613 733-5545 Fax 613 733-2826 336 548-8899 Fax 336 548-8798 800 558-5958 Fax 905 456-9258 613 224-1061 Fax 613 224-2603

Pro-tech Design Rescue Phone Inc Saucony Canada Inc Search Systems Inc. 5220 W 104th St 2145 Priest Bridge Dr Ste 15 550 Parkside Drive Unit B11 Box 80307 Los Angeles CA 90045 Crofton MD 21114 Waterloo ON N2L 5V4 Bakersfield CA 93380-0307 310 410-1311 Fax 310 410-1125 800 737-2832 Fax 410 451-1452 888 203-8118 Fax 519 746-6835 661 399-7107 Fax 661 399-3284

Pro-Tech Equipment Response Trade Shows Savage Range Systems Second Chance Body Armor Inc 33B Douglas St 12A - 4981 Hwy 7 East Ste 254 100 Springdale Rd 2 Epsom Cres Aylmer PQ J9H 6P5 Markham, ON L3R 1N1 Westfield MA 01085 Winnipeg MB R3R 0X2 819 682-2861 Fax 819 682-1589 905 640-3048 Fax 905 640-7547 413 568-7001 204 837-4080 Fax 204 837-4083

Progestic International Inc Road Shark Street Solutions Scat Industries Securesearch Inc 222 Queen St Suite 400 609 – 428 Portage Ave 21 Magnolia Dr 3500 Pharmacy Ave Unit 4 Ottawa ON K1P 5V9 Winnipeg, MB R3C 0E2 Parksville BC V9P 2P5 Scarborough ON M1W 2T6 613 230-7522 Fax 613 230-5739 204 294-0775 Fax 204 837-1673 250 954-3663 Fax 250 954-3663 416 492-5349 Fax 416 492-3656

Protective Optics Inc Robinson Helicopter Company Inc Schedule Soft Corporation SecuriSource Inc 4777 Bennett Dr Ste D 2901 Airport Drive 800 Excelsor Drive Ste 220 800 Steeles Ave West Unit B10-143 Livermore CA 94550 Torrance CA 90505 Madison WI 53717 Thornhill ON L4J 7L2 800 776-7842 Fax 925 455-8860 310 539-0508 Fax 310 539-5198 800 416-9006 Fax 608 662-7610 800 866-5166 Fax 416 226-5558

PSTD Service Group Rocky Shoes & Boots Schmidt & Bender Securitrim Inc 2141 Kipling Ave PO Box 30094 39 Canal St PO Box 134 1225 107 Rue East Toronto ON M9W 3W0 Nelsonville OH 45764 Meriden NH 03770 Ville de Saint-Georges PQ G5Y 8C3 416 744-1565 Fax 416 744-9939 614 753-1951 Fax 614 753-4024 800 468-3450 Fax 603 469-3471 888 927-6366 Fax 418 227-0799

Pumpuii Energy Products Ronald Cormier Schweizer Aircraft Corp Security Management Unit 1 648 Squire St 27 - 105 Hansen RD N PO Box 147 200 Queens Quay E Unit 1 Thunder Bay ON P7B 4A8 Brampton ON L6V 3C9 Elmira NY 14902 Toronto ON M5A 4K9 800 665-0802 Fax 807 346-1244 905 450-2658 Fax 905 450-5012 607 739-3821 Fax 607 796-2488 416 360-1902 Fax 416 360-1263

Rotman School of Management 105 St George St Toronto ON M5S 3E6 Q 416 978-1985

Quicklaw Inc Royal Roads University 901 – 275 Sparks St 2005 Sooke Road Ottawa ON K1R 7X9 Victoria BC V9B 5Y2 800 387-0899 Fax 800 214-7085 800-788-8028 RU2 Systems PO Box 6793 R Apacher Jet AZ 85278-6793 480 982-2107 Fax 480 982-5237 R Nicholls Distributors Inc 2475 de la Province Longueuil PQ J4G 1G3 888 442-9215 Fax 450 442-9581 S

Racom Products Inc Safariland Ltd Inc 5504 State Rd 3120 East Mission Blvd Cleveland OH 44134-2299 Ontario CA 91761 216 351-1755 Fax 216 351-0392 800 347-1200 Fax 800 366-1669

Realistic Target Co Safe Restraints Inc 7850 Metro Parkway Ste 213 PO Box 6629 Minneapolis MN 55425 Mesa AZ 85216 800 445-1381 Fax 612 851-8732 800 717-1199 Fax 800 759-1199

Rebanks Architects Inc Saf-T-Pak Inc 402 - 1491 Yonge St 10807 – 182 St Toronto ON M4T 1Z4 Edmonton AB T5S 1J5 416 964-7163 Fax 416 964-5817 780 486-0211 Fax 780 486-0235 Rec-T-Fire Sage Data Solutions 100A Boulevard Ford 1948 Merivale Rd Ste 201 Chatequguay PQ J6J 4Z2 Ottawa ON K2G 1E9 450 699-0591 613 225-4905

Redline Snowmobiles Sagem Morpho Inc 2510 Commerce Way 1145 Broadway Ste 200 Vista CA 92083 Tacoma WA 98402 760 598-1970 Fax 760 598-0167 253 383-3617 Fax 253 591-8856

For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 59 CORPORATE LISTINGS

Setina Manufacturing Co Inc Somum Inc Star Warning Systems Ted Vourdon Leathers Inc 2926 Yelm Highway SE 14A Tourigny 8591 Earl Thomas Ave 3080 Choquette Blvd Olympia WA 98501 Victoriaville PQ G6P 4C4 Niagara ON L2E 6X8 St Hyacinthe PQ J2S 1H1 800 426-2627 Fax 360 459-0729 819 758-6275 Fax 819 751-5120 905 357-0222 Fax 905 357-9122 450 773-4065 Fax 450 773-4314

Shooting Ranges International Sonitrol Security Systems Stewart Products Inc Teijin Twaron USA Inc 3240 Sirius Ave Unit D 238 Britannia Road East 1552 East Cedar St 801-F Blacklawn Rd Las Vegas NV 89102 Mississauga ON L4Z 1S6 Ontario CA 91761 Conyers GA 30012 702 362-3623 Fax 702 362-7991 905 890-7727 Fax 905 890-8391 909 923-7070 Fax 909 923-7070 770 388-5092 Fax 770 929-8138 Stop Tech Ltd Siemens Canada Ltd Sony Canada 365 Industrial Drive Tetragon Tasse Distributors 2185 Derry Road West 115 Gordon Baker Road Harrison OH 45030 2378 Dunwin Dr Mississauga ON L5N 7A6 Willowdale ON M2H 3R6 800 537-0102 Fax 513 202-0240 Mississauga ON L5L 1J9 905 819-5753 Fax 905 819-5790 416 499-1414 Fax 416 497-1774 905 828-9803 Fax 905 828-6390 Strath Craft Ltd Sig Arms Inc Sound Off Inc 620 Newbold St th Tetratex Exeter Corporate Park 5132 37 Ave London ON N6E 2T6 8330 Roberts Rd Exeter NH 03833 Hudsonville MI 49426 519 686 1891 Fax 519 686 8016 Hillard OH 43026 605 772-2302 Fax 605 772-2113 800 338-7337 Fax 616 669-3475 614 851-7833 Stratton Hats Signaflex Inc Southwest University 3200 Randolph St The CAD Zone Inc 345 Boul Labbe N 2200 Veterans Blvd Bellwood IL 60104 7950 SW 139th Ave Victoriaville PQ G6P 1B1 Kenner LA 70062-4005 708 544-5220 Fax 708 544-5243 Beaverton OR 97008 819 758-1810 Fax 819 758-6727 800 433-5923 Fax 504 468-3213 503 641 0334 Fax 503 641-9077 Streamlight Inc Signal Vehicle Products Spacesaver Corporation 1030 West Germantown Pike The Current Corporation 1611 Gunn Highway 266 King St East Norristown PA 19403 2227 St Johns Street Odessa FL 33556 Toronto ON M5A 4L5 610 631-0600 Fax 610 631-0712 Port Moody BC V3H 2A6 800 875-8003 888 249-5457 Fax 416 360-7290 604 461-5555 Fax 604 461-5525 Strong Holster Co Silent Witness Spa Tactical 39 Grove St The Deltic Group Ltd 6554 – 176 St 3409 NW 9th Ave Ste 1104 Glousester MA 01930 403 - 627 Lyons Lane Surrey BC V3S 4G5 Ft Lauderdale FL 35309 978 281-3300 Fax 978 281-6321 Oakville ON L6J 5Z7 604 574-1523 Fax 604 574-7736 954 568-7690 Fax 954 630-4159 905 339-0329 Fax 905 339-0769 Sturm Ruger & Co Inc Simunition Ltd Special Electronics & Designs Lacey Place The Galan Conflict Management Group 5 Montee des Arsenaux 214 Bruce Ave Southport CT 06490 15232 84th Ave Le Gardeur PQ J5Z 2P4 Kincardine On N2Z 2P2 203 256-3860 Fax 203 255-5201 Edmonton AB T4R 3X8 450 581-5999 Fax 450 581-0231 800 665-2740 Fax 519 396-4045 780 486-1870 Fax 780 443-3366 Super Trap Sirchie Fingerprint Laboratories Spectronics Corporation 42380 Rio Nedo The Kop Shop Unlimited 100 Hunter Place 956 Brush Hollow Road PO Box 483 Temecula CA 92590 738 Salter Ave Youngsville NC 27596 Westbury NY 11590 909 296-6272 Fax 909 296-6279 Woodstock, ON N4S 2P5 800 356-7311 Fax 919 554-2266 800 274-8888 Fax 800 491-6868 519 539-1155 Fax 519 539-7375 Surefire SkidCar System Inc Speed Measurement Labs 18300 Mt Baldy Circle The Mattman Co 497 – 1963 Willamette Dr 2300 Harvest Glen Fountain Valley CA 92708 1004 Rancheros West Linn OR 97068 Fort Worth TX 76108 714 545-9444 Fax 714 545-9537 San Marcos CA 92069 503 227-6707 Fax 503 557-9385 817 560-9318 Fax 817 244-7630 760 746-9516 Fax 760 746-9542 Swatgear.com Skyline Toolworks LLC Spike Camp Wilderness Safety Supply 1002 W 10th St The PERCS Index Inc 44 Pennsylvania Ave 8003 Argyll Rd Azusa CA 91702 535 San Remo Dr Malvern PA 19355 Edmonton AB T6C 4A9 866 792-8432 Port Moody BC V3H 3S6 610 296-7501 Fax 610 296-7502 780 461-5700 Fax 780 461-5771 604 469-7341 Fax 604 469-7342 SWS Detention Group Inc Slugmaster Spyderco Inc 751 Wall St The Phoenix Group Inc 163 Curtis Drive PO Box 800 Winnipeg MB R3G 2T6 205 N Walnut Guelph ON N1K 1E1 Golden CO 80402 204 779-1982 Fax 204 774-6888 Pittsburg KS 66762 519 822-0577 Fax 519 822-9791 800 525-7770 Fax 303 278-2229 620 232-6420 Fax 620 232-2606

Smartwater Canada Inc Spy Depot International The Police Charter 6205 Airport Rd Bldg B Ste 100 215 Carlingview Dr Unit 112 3185 Unity Drive Mississauga ON L4V 1E1 Etobicoke ON M9W 5X8 T Mississauga ON L5L 4L5 905 678-2002 Fax 905 677-4712 416 674-9336 Fax 416 674-4617 905 820-9845 Fax 905 820-9845

Smith & Wesson Squad-Fitters Inc TAC Systems The Uniform Group Inc 2100 Roosevelt Avenue 1807 N Federal Drive 8521 Eastlake Dr 2141 McCowan Road Springfield MA 01104 Urbana IL 61801 Burnaby BC V5A 4T7 Scarborough ON M1S 3Y6 800 321-0852 Fax 413 747-3288 217 367-0003 Fax 217 367-0005 604 421-1234 Fax 604 421-1052 416 335-0143 Fax 416 335-0147

Software Corp of America Stalker Radar Tactical Advantage The Walter Fedy Partnership 1200 High Ridge Road 730 F Avenue Ste 200 464 Culzean Place 546 Belmont Ave West Stamford CT 06905 Plano TX 75074 Port Moody BC V3H 1E5 Kitchener ON N2M 1N5 203 322-9422 Fax 203 322-8850 800 782-5537 Fax 972 398-3781 604 931-6351 Fax 604 931-6375 519 576-2150 Fax 519 576-5499

Sokkia Corporation Starfield Safetywear Manufacturing Co Tactical & Survival Specialties Thomas Electronics Security Ltd 1050 Stacey Court 1020 Lawrence Ave W PO Box 1890 4169 Boul Decarie Mississauga ON L4W 2X8 Toronto ON M6A 1C8 Harrisonburg VA 22801 Montreal PQ H4A 3J8 800 476-5542 Fax 905 238-9383 416 789-4354 Fax 416 789-5475 540 434-8974 Fax 540 434 7796 800 361-7365 Fax 514 483-6295

February 2002 60 CORPORATE LISTINGS

Thomson Educational Publishing V-Sec Systems W L Gore & Associates 6 Ripley Ave Ste 200 709 Grey St 297 Blue Ball Road Toronto ON M6S 3N9 U Winnipeg MB R2K 3Z1 Elkton MD 21921 416 766-2763 Fax 416 766-0398 Unifold Shelters 800 694-8068 Fax 204 633-6486 410 392-3700 Fax 410 392-4452 605 James Street North Hamilton ON L8L 1K1 VS Visual Statement Inc Wolverine Supplies Torfino Enterprises Inc 905 528-4448 Fax 905 528-4439 1 – 1445 McGill Rd PO Box 729 3500 Fairlane Farms Rd Ste 3 Kamloops BC V2C 6K7 Virden MB R0M 2C0 West Palm Beach FL 33414 Uniform Uniforms 877 661-1103 Fax 877 827-7702 204 748-2454 Fax 204 748-1805 800 867-3466 Fax 561 790-0080 351 Canarctic Drive North York ON M3J 2P9 416 663 6060 Fax 416 663 4484 TQI Thermal Quest Inc 1673 Richmond St Ste 236 US Armor Corp X London ON N6G 2N3 11843 E Smith Ave W 519 474-9431 Santa Fe Springs CA 90670 Watercraft Rescue & Training Inc Xico Inc 562 949-1733 Fax 562 949-1501 116-72 Tyrone Dr 9737 Eton Ave Chatsworth CA 91311 Trauma Management Training Hamilton ON L9C 2M7 US Cavalry / Cavpro 905 388-4760 Fax 905 388-2402 818 709-4403 Fax 818 709-5235 503 - 281 Bristol Street 2855 Centennial Ave Guelph ON N1H 8J3 Radcliffe KY 40160-9000 XML Global 519-836-6878 Fax 519 824-0901 WaterShed Inc 270 351 1164 Fax 270 352-0327 2895 Valpak Road NE 1818 Cornwall Ave Ste 9 Salem OR 97303 Vancouver BC V6J 1C7 Traversa 503 585-6741 Fax 503 581-7604 604 717-1100 Fax 604 717-1107 266 King St E V Toronto ON M5A 4L5 Watson Gloves XS Technologies 888 249-5457 Fax 416 360-7290 Valley Associates Inc 127 E 2nd Ave 9 – 2616 16th Street NE 860 Taylor Creek Dr Unit 3 Vancouver BC V5T 1B4 Calgary AB T1Y 4T7 Treck Hall Ottawa ON K1C 1T1 800 663-9509 Fax 604 875-9009 403 571-8722 Fax 403 291-1326 40 Viceroy Rd 613-830-1880 Fax 613-830-3008 Concord ON L4K 2L8 W E Canning Inc X-Spand Target Systems 905 738-4255 Fax 9045 738-5087 VehiTech 280 Sauve Ouest 30 - Ninth St SW 1060 Lafayette Montreal PQ H3L 1Z4 Medicine Hat AB T1A 4N6 Longueuil PQ J4K 3B1 514 381-4487 Fax 514 381-6690 403 528-2362 Fax 403 528-2362 Tricia Rudy Enterprises Inc 888 648-3333 Fax 450 463-1649 16650 Jane St RR1 Weinbrenner Shoe Co Inc X-Wave Technologies Kettleby ON L0B 1J0 Versaterm 905 726-4404 Fax 905 726-4405 108 S Polk Street 65 Iber Road 2300 Carling Ave Merrill WI 54452 Stittsville ON K2S 1E7 Ottawa ON K2B 7G1 800 826-0002 Fax 800 569-6817 613 831-0888 Fax 613 831-1836 Triform Business Systems Ltd 613 820-0311 Fax 613 596-5884 95 Doncaster Ave Weizel Security Thornhill ON L3T 1L6 VF Industries 9 – 62 Fawcett Road 416 226-6000 Fax 800 563-1666 545 Marriott Dr Ste 200 Coquitlam BC V3K 6V5 Nashville TN 37214-0995 800 308-3627 Fax 604 540-5263 Y Trilcor Industries 615 391-1200 Fax 615 565 5284 17 Wilson Dr Wescam Inc Yamaha Motor Canada Ltd Milton ON L9T 3J7 V H Blackinton & Co Inc 221 John Dietsch Blvd 649 North Service Rd W 480 Gordon Baker Road 905 876-8807 Fax 905 876-8813 Toronto ON M2H 3B4 Attleboro Falls MA 02763 Burlington ON L7P 5B9 905 633-4000 Fax 905 633-4100 416 498-1911 Fax 416 491-3122 Tri-Tech Inc 508 699-4436 Fax 508 695-5349 4019 Executive Park Blvd SE Vidsecure Inc Western Avionics Inc Southport NC 28461 2651 John St Unit 6 275 Palmer Rd NE 800 438-7884 Fax 910 457-0094 Markham ON L3R 2W5 Calgary AB T2E 7G4 Z 905 477-8329 Fax 905 479 1023 800 668-9704 Fax 403 250-2622 TriTech Software Systems 9860 Mesa Rim Rd Viking Metal & Military Supplies Westervelt College Zak Tool Inc San Diego CA 92121 6 Orquel Court 1060 Wellington Rd PO Box 382 858 799-7000 Fax 858 799-7010 Dartmouth NS B2W 4Z3 London ON N6E 3W5 Temple City CA 91007 902 456-1284 Fax 902 435-2274 519 668-2000 Fax 519 668-1616 800 446-5561 Fax 626 445-5604 True Traffic Safety PO Box 39524 Broadmoor PO Visibility Systems Co Whelen Canada Zarc International Inc Richmond BC V7A 5G9 428 Old Stratfield Rd 590 Moorelands Cres PO Box 83940 604 277-5652 Fax 604 277-5654 Fairfield CT 06430 Milton ON L9T 4B5 Gaithersburg MD 20883 203 367-4000 Fax 203 333-5577 905 878-8457 Fax 905 878-0877 301 990-1617 Fax 301 990-9305 Tufloc Mfg by Esmet Whelen Engineering Co Inc Zebec Canada 1406 Fifth St SW Visionics Corp 5600 Rowland Rd Ste 205 Rt 145 Winthrop Rd 1040 78th Ave Canton OH 44702 Chester CT 06412 Edmonton AB T6P 1L7 330 452-9132 Fax 330 452-2557 Minnetonka MN 55343 800 932-0890 Fax 800 932-0890 860 526-9504 Fax 860 526-4078 780 468-4215 Fax 780 461-8218 Turbo Images Vistek Windows to Technology Ltd Zetron Inc 1225 – 107 e rue Saint-Georges 496 Queen St E 150 Sidney St Ste 200 PO Box 97004 Saint-Georges PQ G5Y 8C3 Toronto ON M5A 4G8 Belleville ON K8P 5E2 Redmond WA 98073-9704 888 219-8872 Fax 418 227-0799 416 365-1777 Fax 416 365-7776 800 964-8810 Fax 613 961-1779 425 820-6363 Fax 425 820-7031 Twitco Distributing Visual Planning Corporation Wizard Gift Corporation Zodiac Hurricane Technologies Inc PO Box 239 6805 boul Decarie 6052 Vineyard Dr 7830 Vantage Way Rindge NH 03461 Montreal PQ H3W 3E4 Orleans ON K1C 2M5 Delta BC V4G 1S7 603 899-9800 Fax 603 899-9802 514 739-3116 Fax 514 739-0085 613 830-8863 Fax 613 830-5149 604 940-2999 Fax 604 940-2779

February 2002 61 PART 1 OF TWO PARTS Consent to enter private property Express permission to enter Generally speaking, two types of author- samples during a rape investigation. While the consequences of allowing a search, the accused ity exist that justify entry on to private prop- Court favored the broad approach adopted by had still validly waived his rights since he knew erty. One is consent of the occupier and the Doherty, Justice Iacobucci stated: the police had no legal right to search his vehi- other is authority given by law. In this two part In order for a waiver of the right to be se- cle, yet allowed them to proceed anyway. The series, we will discuss both forms. cure against unreasonable search and seizure Court confirmed the trial judge’s conclusion that: The courts have long supported the right of to be effective, the person purporting to consent (The accused) made no protest at the time all citizens to control and enjoy their own prop- must be possessed of the requisite informational of the search. The police were polite and courte- erty, including deciding who can enter. Thus per- foundation for a true relinquishment of the right. ous throughout and would not have proceeded sons wishing to enter or remain on private prop- A right to choose requires not only the volition with the search had the appellant indicated he erty require the express or implied permission or to prefer one option over another, but also suf- did not wish them to do so. While the appellant consent (also known as a ‘license’) of the lawful ficient available information to make the pref- was not expressly told that he need not allow the occupier, or of the law. This applies to police erence meaningful. police to search his car, he acknowledged that officers as well as the general public. The degree of awareness of the conse- when he consented to the search he “knew they The lawful occupier may issue an express quences of the waiver in a given case will de- had no right to search my car.” In light of the invitation consenting to entry by directly com- pend on its particular facts. Obviously, it will factual findings and the appellant’s awareness municating, using words or otherwise, his or not be necessary for the accused to have a de- of his rights, I am of the view that there is no her intention. This may be for a limited pur- tailed comprehension of every possible outcome basis for interfering with the trier of fact’s deci- pose — to read a water meter, check on a per- of his or her consent. However, his or her un- sion that the appellant validly consented to the son’s welfare or search a specific room — and derstanding should include the fact that the po- search, which yielded the handgun. can be given by any number of co-occupants; lice are also planning to use the product of the However, valid consent cannot be obtained once given, it cannot be unilaterally revoked by (search or) seizure in a different investigation from someone who does not have a reasonable another. Regardless, when consent is unequivo- from the one for which he or she is detained. expectation of privacy in the place to be cally revoked, a police officer, like any other Two months after the ruling, the British searched. For instance, in R. v. Blinch (1993), individual, must leave the property or be liable Columbia Court of Appeal released its decision the British Columbia Court of Appeal held that to a trespass charge. in R. v. Head (1994). In light of Borden, the a neighbour with whom the house keys had While not specifically dealing with the right Court boiled Doherty’s six point test in Willis, been entrusted could not consent to the police of entry, the issue of consent in general was down to two questions: entering the neighbour’s house. Speaking for the established by the Ontario Court of Appeal in • Was the accused’s consent voluntary? Court, Justice Bowles stated: R. v. Willis (1992). Speaking for the court, Judge • Was he aware of the consequences? (Crown) counsel did not argue that (the Doherty held that for consent to be valid the In finding that Head had consented to the neighbour) could effectively waive the appellant’s crown must establish, on the balance of prob- search of his vehicle for evidence of a robbery, right to be secure against unreasonable search abilities, that: Judge Donald stated: and seizure under s. 8 of the charter. Waiver is • There was consent, expressed or implied. The facts amply support the inference that the intentional or voluntary relinquishment of a • The person consenting has the authority to the appellant knew he could have declined the known right. When the appellant was unaware do so. officer’s request for a search. As to why he would that a search was about to be conducted by the • The consent was voluntary and didn’t result let the officer search his car knowing that it con- police, I think it would be untenable to suggest from police oppression, coercion or other ex- tained a stolen item, I think the reasonable infer- that by the act of allowing entry, (the neighbour) ternal conduct that negated the freedom to ence is that he was attempting to divert the officer could waive the appellant’s constitutional rights. choose. by showing nonchalance and feigning innocence. This would also apply to a landlord-tenant • The person consenting was aware of the na- The only reasonable inference on the issue of relationship or the parents of older children. How- ture of the police conduct he or she was being awareness of consequences is that having heard ever, once valid consent has been obtained from asked to allow. the charter warning and the police caution re- someone who does have a valid interest in the • The person consenting was aware of his or garding the investigation of attempted breaking property, another lawful occupant of the premise her right to refuse. and entering, the appellant knew that the officer cannot simply revoke it unconditionally. • The person consenting was aware of the po- was looking for evidence that would connect the In the case of R. v. Machado (1991), the tential consequences of giving that consent. appellant with the matter under investigation. summary conviction court of appeal ruled that In R. v. Borden (1994), the Supreme Court However, in R. v. Clement (1995) the On- a police officer had a right to remain on Mr. of Canada considered the test adopted in Willis tario Court of Appeal ruled that, even though Machado’s property, even after being ordered for the consensual seizure of blood and hair he wasn’t fully apprised of his rights and the to leave, as his common-law wife had expressed a willingness to talk with the officer (she gave her consent for him to remain). As a result of his refusal to leave, Mr. Machado attempted to strike the officer with a metal pipe and was convicted at trial. He appealed but was unsuc- cessful in arguing that he was merely defending his property against a trespasser. This was somewhat similar to the case in R. v. Godoy (1999) where the police forced entry into Godoy’s apartment as a result of a 911 hang- up call. The Supreme Court ruled that entry was authorized in common law to preserve life and property (if not implied by the 911 distress call). Next Month Part Two: “Implied right to enter” Detective John Burchill is a major crime analyst with the Winnipeg Police Service. For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 62 Negligent investigations and malicious prosecution by Lynda Bordeleau The action was dismissed in April 1993 but the complainant. the Appeal Court ordered a new trial in 1995 on The court found that the trial judge was The ruling of the Ontario Court of Appeal the ground of jury misdirection. Prior to the required to explain that the respondents as po- in Oneil and Toronto Police Force is significant second trial, the matter returned to the court of lice officers had a duty to engage in a thorough in its less restrictive definition of the tort of appeal, where the appellant was allowed to investigation of the allegations made by the com- malicious prosecution and the liability of amend his statement of claim to include a plainant and satisfy themselves that they had police for negligent investigation. claim for damages for breach of charter rights. reasonable and probable cause to continue the This is an unusual application Leave to appeal to the Supreme Court of prosecution. A police officer’s failure to exer- of the court’s remedial powers in Canada from that decision was denied. cise his/her duty of undertaking a thorough in- overriding a jury’s verdict of mali- At the second trial in June 1998 be- vestigation may constitute malice. cious prosecution and substitut- fore Justice Somers, the jury deter- The Court referred to the decision in Watters ing its own finding of fact. The mined that the two officers had rea- v. Pacific Delivery Service Ltd. (1964) 42 D.L. case commenced in 1985 when the sonable and probable grounds R. (2d) 661 (B.C. Sup. Ct.) as being instructive. appellant, Michael Oniel, was for commencing the pros- The Watters decision had also been cited with charged with robbing a man of a ecution against approval by the English Court of Appeal. It wrist watch and $40 in the Times Oniel but not was found that the police have the training and Square Bookstore on Toronto’s for continu- experience to investigate a possible offence im- Yonge Street. At his criminal trial in ing it. When partially and with skill and in that process to December of 1986, Oniel was acquitted asked if the assess whether the evidence justifies invoking after just 10 minutes of jury deliberations. officers were ac- or continuing the criminal process. The police Oniel commenced a malicious prosecution tuated by malice in relation to were found to have the professionalism to criti- action in May of 1987, naming then Toronto the continuation of the said charge tough, the cally weigh and test the reliability of complain- police chief Jack Marks and the two arresting jury said no. ants and information provided by them which officers, Constable Mark Hegenauer and Sergeant On appeal, Oniel argued that the trial judge might be affected by the self-interest or ill-will James Hughes (since deceased), as respondents. had failed to instruct the jury that malice could of the complainant. The failure of a police of- The claim alleged the officers failed to conduct a be inferred from the respondents’ failure to make ficer to make adequate inquiries before charging proper investigation and that had they done so, reasonable inquiries after receiving two letters a person or continuing a prosecution may con- Oniel’s innocence would have been demonstrated from Oniel’s lawyer setting out several factors stitute malice. and the prosecution terminated. which cast serious doubt on the credibility of The trial judge had stated that “a police

For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 63 officer can be sloppy in his or her work”. The • The complainant had provided inconsistent Appeal Court found that this statement sug- accounts of the alleged robbery. gested to the jury that a careless investigation • One officer appeared obsessed by a belief that was not improper, which was incorrect. One there had been some sort of sexual impropri- rationale for the police continuing the prosecu- ety between the appellant and the complain- tion was that the complainant wished the mat- ant although there was evidence that this was ter to continue. The court found that the very not the version of the complaint given to the fact of continuing a prosecution in accordance police by the complainant. with such wishes was capable of constituting • No notes were made of an interview with the malice. It was noted that it was not for the store manager just prior to the preliminary police officers to make the ultimate decision hearing. The formal statement and all copies whether the prosecution was to continue. It is were lost. crown counsel, in consultation with the police • Although it was stated that the hair dresser and victims and perhaps defence counsel, who was contacted, no notes were made of the decide what charges are taken to court. The conversation. In all, the officers were found crown is entitled to rely on the police as the to have proceeded with reckless indifference investigative source of most of the information to the guilt or innocence of the appellant and relevant to the guilt or innocence of an accused as such malice was inferred. person, to bring forward accurately and com- The caution to police management is that pletely whatever has a bearing on the case. The this ruling provides individuals with a much final decision lay with the crown. It was ac- less restrictive test of malice against the police cepted that in making the decision to continue and they should be aware of this heightened the prosecution, the advice of the police would area of liability. Training and accountability for be sought. the investigative process is essential. The un- The court of appeal also noted that the com- satisfactory work performance policy may ad- mon law action of negligent investigation would dress issues related to incomplete or careless be available if it was properly pleaded. This investigations. Proactive training measures on was not the case in this instance. recent judicial findings may be of greater value The court did highlight what was consid- in risk management. ered to be the factors leading to a finding of a cavalier approach to an investigation: Lynda A. Bordeleau acts as general counsel • The officers failed to interview the two indi- to the CACP and is a lawyer with Perley- viduals noted by the defence counsel, namely Robertson, Hill & McDougall in Ottawa. the store manager where the robbery was al- She can be reached at (613) 566-2847. This leged to have occurred and the appellant’s hair- article was reprinted from the CACP/ACCP dresser, who might have had information with Newsletter. regard to the length of his hair. Government extends firearms amnesty The federal government has ex- held by businesses up to Decem- tended the amnesty for prohib- ber 1, 1998 in Bill C-15B, which ited handguns and unregistered is currently being considered restricted firearms to De- by Parliament. The bill also cember 31, 2002. proposes changing the The extension of the grandfathering date for amnesty, which began De- these handguns to Decem- cember 1, 1998, gives people ber 1, 1998 in order to grandfa- until the end of next year to dis- ther individuals who acquired them pose of certain prohibited handguns prior to that date. The current amnesty that they cannot legally keep. has been extended to continue to protect “These extensions will give those in both dealer inventories and individuals in possession of prohibited firearms or unreg- possession of prohibited handguns while Par- istered restricted firearms more time to take liament considers these amendments. appropriate action. Our goal is to work with The amnesty also provides an additional firearm users while ensuring public safety,” year for individuals in possession of unregis- said Attorney General and Minister of Jus- tered restricted firearms to have them regis- tice Anne McLellan. tered without fear of repercussion. The same The government announced the prohibi- applies to businesses newly regulated under tion of short-barrelled or .25 and .32 calibre the Firearms Act. During the amnesty period, handguns in February 1995 but all individu- individuals may register the firearm or turn in als who registered or applied to register a pro- the firearm to police or a firearms officer for hibited handgun at the time were grandfathered destruction or disposal. and can continue to use their firearm with the The act requires that every firearm owner appropriate authorization. in Canada now has a licence or a valid firearms The federal government proposed acquisition certificate; all firearms must be reg- grandfathering inventories of these weapons istered by January 1, 2003.

For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 64

When do freedom fighters become terrorists? by Henry Hollinger “Many times group pers as a member of an un- members have organized specified Orange County- When investigating Asian organized crime bombings in Vietnam and based anti-communist and terrorists, keep in mind that many Viet- against its agencies abroad,” group that “wanted to over- namese (Viet Kieu) here associate with over- Thuy Thanh Phan, spokes- throw the Vietnamese re- seas Vietnamese associations. Most of them are woman for the Vietnamese gime.” Thai police say he’s legitimate but some are politically motivated Department of Foreign Af- a member of GOFV’s mili- and run by extreme elements working to over- fairs, was quoted as saying. tary wing. throw the current communist government. “Vietnam has asked the It’s very obvious that Many of these groups have ties with the US to stop harbouring, tol- police should more closely ‘Government of Free Vietnam (GOFV).’ Their erating or supporting that scrutinize some of these as- web page — http://www.vntd.org — contains group. It should punish sociations and examine pri- videos and information about their activity. Viet- those who commit terrorist vate money transfer stores nam is demanding American officials extend their acts on Vietnam... like and agencies to find out current crackdown on terrorism to this group, Nguyen and his group.” where the money is going. which they say is sponsoring bombing attempts. Nguyen is defiant, saying Free Vietnam Investigations of these activities should include According to a recent article in the Los An- members acting on their own have been involved the Vietnamese police, who have offered their geles Times, the group consists largely of former in bomb attacks against Vietnamese interests, assistance. Surprisingly, many of these ‘free- South Vietnamese soldiers and bureaucrats who according to the Times article, and vowing his dom fighters’ and associates of GOFV do busi- refuse to recognize the current Communist re- group would continue to select targets within ness in Vietnam through family and/or govern- gime. ‘Mat Tran,’ established in 1975, had the the country. ment connections. same goals but, despite spending millions of Although it’s illegal to raise money for ter- Vietnamese communities around the world dollars, wasn’t able to achieve them. ror campaigns in the US, groups such as the do not want this armed struggle with Vietnam GOFV members say they’ve spent six years IRA and Hamas have done it for years. There and are very outspoken about that in private. organizing jungle training camps in Thailand and have been sporadic efforts to stop them but it’s In public, they would rather not say anything Laos and some have tried to bomb government difficult to pull off, experts say. as they could be targeted and called communist; facilities. Hanoi has called on the US to help The GOFV was formed from the remnants there is nothing worst in their community than Vietnam in “stopping and punishing the mas- of earlier opposition groups in 1995, largely being called a communist. terminds and those who plan terrorist acts through the force of Nguyen’s personality, ac- Hopefully time will heal these wounds and against the Vietnamese government and its peo- cording to the article, and is based in Orange people can go about their business free of in- ple,” according to the article. County. Although it’s difficult to find out much timidation and fear. This would also assist the The group recently admitted that it kept about it, the group reportedly has a budget of Vietnamese Government and people to normal- the death of one of its leaders, who died 16- about $1 million (US) a year, obtained from ize relationships. years ago in the jungle, secret from the Viet wealthy Vietnamese business men around the Vietnam is a partner in Interpol, a signatory Kieu community so it could continue to receive world and the group’s cabinet, some of whom to most international treaties and has emerged financial support. The Vietnamese government sold their homes and businesses to raise money. as a civilized nation. and police are very suspicious of the GOFV Nguyen claims about 200,000 members and monitor all conversations between them and worldwide, about half in Cambodia and Viet- Henry Hollinger is on the board of the the homeland. nam, and about 10,000 members in the United International Association of Asian Crime One of the members of the group, Van Duc States, though in the past, according to the arti- Investigators. The views expressed in this article Vo, 41, was arrested in October in Orange cle, it has reported only a few thousand mem- do not necessarily reflect those of his employer, County, California by the FBI after Thai Police bers worldwide. the Calgary Police Service. named him the main suspect in an attempted Thai police have arrested numerous GOFV Henry will be in Vietnam until March 2002 for bombing of the Vietnamese Embassy in Bang- members in the jungles of Southeast Asia but language studies and to conduct research in kok. Vietnam has also asked the US to charge they usually are eventually released and de- various regions, including the Golden Triangle. If the group’s leader, former civil engineer Chanh ported back to the US. you have any questions or comments you my Huu Nguyen, 52, with terrorism. Vo was described by the FBI in court pa- contact him at [email protected].

For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 66 VITALITY WHY DIET? by Cst. Michael Cathcart to 50 calories to If you walk into sustain itself. If any bookstore you will you put on ten find an entire section on pounds of muscle dieting. An entire sec- over the course of a year, that muscle could tion! Take a trip to your burn 350 to 500 calories a day just by being on local pharmacy or health food your body. That works out to more than a pound store and gaze at the multitude of weight-loss of fat every month. fads. There’s Sugar Busters — cut sugar to trim How does weight training burn calories? fat; The Grapefruit Diet, Fit America, Eat Right Exercise physiologist William Kraemer con- 4 Your Type and on and on. If a specific diet ducted a study to investigate this phenomenon really worked, wouldn’t you think it would be naise (57 calories) on your sandwich, use a tbsp. and found that 10-repetition sets with short the only product on the shelf? of mustard (11 calories) instead. rest periods produced an increase in growth The multi-billion dollar weight-loss indus- What if I try a four-day fast? hormone. Growth hormone plays an essential try relies on two main principles to maintain its A person could lose about ten pounds in a role muscle development. successfulness; your lack of dieting knowledge four-day fast – but only two of those calories He also found that when we gain weight as and their ability to consistently achieve the goal are from fat. The rest is water, which you will adults, we do not develop new fat cells; the of making you thinner — in your wallet. So eventually regain. All diets, including fasting, ones we have always had just become bigger. here’s a little basic diet education: make you feel deprived. As a result, your body During exercise, growth hormone takes fat out What is body fat? thinks it’s starving and will then feed off your of those cells and makes your body use it as a Body fat is merely energy (calories) that is muscles. source of energy. stored rather than used. One gram of fat con- Your body’s metabolic rate downshifts and So which is best, diet, cardiovascular or tains nine calories and a gram of protein or car- any food you eat after you go off the strict diet weight training? bohydrate contains four. is actually more likely to be stored as fat than it It’s a combination of all three. In the largest If protein and carbohydrates are lower in was before. continuing study of weight- losers, Mary Lou calories, should I cut fats and make up the What if I just exercise and skip the diet? Klem found that nearly 90 percent of people difference in protein and carbs? Exercise will burn calories. The theory is who lost weight dieted and exercised (cardio- Not a good idea. If you ate 5,000 calories of simple. Burn more calories than you consume vascular & weight training) to get the weight off nonfat protein, you would still store the excess and you will lose weight. If you work off 3,500 and keep it off. as fat, simply because you would be eating more more calories than your body absorbs, you will To sum up: calories than your body can burn. lose one pound. The greatest weight-loss ben- • The primary goal of any weight-maintenance Which will make you fatter, 500 extra calo- efits come from training longer, harder or both, program is to consume only as many calories ries of ice cream or 500 extra calories of a fat- according to kinesiologist Dixie Stanforth. Natu- as you burn. The average person expends ap- free dietary product? rally, it is easier to eat a thousand calories than proximately 2,800 calories a day. Any overabundance of any food will cause it is to burn them. Approximately 50 per cent • Any excess calories (protein, carbohydrate you to gain weight. It is that simple. If I ingest of people who start an exercise program aban- or fat) will be stored as excess fat. more calories (from any source) than I burn, the don it within six months. • In order to sustain a caloric balance, you need excess will be stored as fat. I know cardiovascular (aerobic) training to exercise. The benefits of combining cardio- Can I lose weight by making changes in will burn calories so I should focus on that vascular & weight training are clear. my diet alone? instead of weight training (anaerobic), right? • Replace high-fat foods with low-fat foods. Yes. According to nutrition and food sci- Weight training burns some calories but the Avoid foods which have more than 25 per- ence professor Mark Kantor, it takes 3,500 calo- real benefits come later. Stanforth suggests that cent of calories from fat. A low-fat meal is ries to make a pound of fat. If you cut back by the muscle you build use more calories on a low in neither fat nor calories if you eat mul- 230 calories a day, you will lose nearly two minute-to-minute basis that fat does. Here’s why. tiple servings. pounds a month. As an example, cut out that A pound of fat generally requires a calorie or two • Dieting alone is only a temporary adjustment handful of potato chips every evening or that to sustain itself during an average day. On the instead of a long-term lifestyle change. It’s can of pop — or instead of a tbsp. of mayon- other hand, a pound of lean muscle requires 35 only one third of the solution.

For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 67 2001 POLICE LEADER OF THE YEAR NOMINEE An empowered visionary Chief Constable D.J. (Jim) The chief recognizes that or- ments, strengthened links with Cessford has 33 years of polic- ganizational change must con- the community and permitted ing experience; 27 with Edmon- tinue since one-third of our the initiation of planned decen- ton and six with the Delta Police members may retire over the next tralization. Department. Located in BC’s four years. He established a The chief began a strategic lower mainland, Delta has 148 committee in April 2000 to de- planning process and review members and 29 civilian employ- velop strategies to implement a that has told us how the de- ees. Delta includes three distinct commercial/resi- leadership and ethics model. He partment is serving its commu- dential communities, separated by farmland and ensured the ‘grass roots’ devel- nity and how the public can as- industrial areas. opment of a leadership matrix to sess its performance. Cessford, president of the B.C. Association increase the sense of ownership The planning process in- of Chiefs of Police and past president of the in members and staff, which is cludes all levels of staff and the B.C. Association of Municipal Chiefs of Police, now the basis for our leadership police board. Actions are meas- is an outstanding leader who exemplifies the training, performance manage- urable. It allows individual pla- very best of leadership qualities, including em- ment process, hiring and promo- toons to develop annual action powerment, vision and accountability. His ex- tions. Part of a leader’s challenge plans, while still being able to ceptional ability to inspire others has success- is to create more leaders; this pro- maintain cohesion of purpose, fully guided us through significant changes. vides both strategy and action values and outcomes. Cessford strongly believes in a ‘team envi- for effective succession planning. His ability to build rela- Chief Constable D.J. (Jim) Cessford ronment.’ Recognizing the benefits of greater The chief has the unique abil- tionships, instill confidence, devolution and empowerment, he established a ity to impart to others his faith that we can all encourage flexibility, recognize and appreciate committee comprised of front-line members to make the leap from what is to what can be. He diversity and his inexhaustible sense of enthu- develop a new service delivery model, capable displays a strong sense of purpose, consistently siasm to do the right thing have melded our of meeting the needs of our ever-changing com- relating our day-to-day activities to future vi- individual elements into a connected whole. munity. Through coaching and mentoring, he sions. For example, his vision converted a feasi- helped committee members develop their bility study for a sub-office in North Delta to a For more deails about the Police strengths and maximize their input. The result, full-service, $6.1 million public safety facility, Leadership Forum membership call John service delivery based on community owner- combining police, fire and parks/recreation serv- McNeil at 905 453-2121 ext.4730. For ship and problem solving, was implemented in ices with public meeting rooms. The planning, information about nominations for 2002 1996. It’s enhanced service to the public and construction and opening of this major project Police Leadership Award phone Scott increased members’ feelings of doing meaning- tested his leadership abilities. Its successful com- Bleecker at 613-384-2400. ful work. pletion enhanced co-operation among depart-

For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 68 Cameras don’t reduce crime says BC privacy chief British Columbia’s information and pri- accuses the police for not addressing any vacy commissioner doubts whether install- other crime prevention measures before ask- ing surveillance cameras on the streets of Van- ing for the cameras. couver will really deter crime. Loukidelis, who has veto power over the David Loukidelis says that, according to department’s use of cameras, says it hasn’t the studies he has read, the 2.5 million or so been determined whether the system complies cameras currently installed all over the with the freedom of information and protec- United Kingdom have not made a significant tion of privacy act. He also is concerned about difference in preventing crime there and urges videotaping people on the street because he caution before going ahead with a costly says the public has a high regard for the pri- project here. vacy of their daily activities. In a letter sent in response to a Vancouver He’s asked to meet with police so they Police Department discussion paper, can give him more evidence on the need for, Loukidelis expresses concern the paper doesn’t and the efficacy of, video surveillance in deal- present enough evidence to justify a system. ing with problems stemming from drug addic- He also says it fails to address a number of tion and poverty. “Only then will I be in a fundamental issues, including how such a sys- position to assess and comment on the video tem would alleviate criminal activity attrib- surveillance system… that is not something I uted to poverty and inadequate treatment fa- can usefully do at this time, as too many im- cilities for drug addicts. portant issues have not been addressed.” “Without such supporting evidence, the Darrell Evans, executive director of the current proposal might, to some observers, B.C. Freedom of Information and Privacy As- appear to be an attempt at a technological fix sociation, says the police only assume the for problems arising from complicated social cameras are effective. His organization remains issues such as poverty, drug abuse and men- opposed, he says, because it feels the loss of tal illness.” general privacy is not worth it. Loukidelis criticizes Vancouver police for Vancouver mayor and police board chair- admitting the number of drug and related ar- man Philip Owen says he believes the cameras rests made in the Downtown Eastside area will be effective in fighting crime but unless has decreased but still pushing to install as they’re proven cost-effective and the public many as 30 surveillance cameras. He also backs the program, he would not support it.

February 2002 69 ONTONTONTARIOARIOARIO by Blair McQuillan set with eight imitation diamonds, said ‘you sit down and don’t say Arthur Lucas and Ronald Turpin first found in the covers of the bed. nothin.’ He said ‘I just, I just killed met on death row in Toronto’s Don Jail, their The word on the street was that two people.” “When he said to lives brought together by crime, prosecution Crater had been murdered because you, ‘I just killed two people,’ did and conviction. he crossed a Michigan mobster, Gus you question him who, or did he Lucas was born on December 18, 1907 in Saunders, in a drug deal. Informa- say at the time?” Cordle, Georgia. A fearsome man whose par- tion also suggested that Newman “I asked him, I said, ‘well, who ents both died of natural causes before he was a victim who was simply in the was it?’ and he told me, he said, reached the age of seven, he, along with his wrong place at the wrong time. ‘you wouldn’t know them.’ Then sister and two brothers, were raised in It didn’t take police long to he told me where it happened.” Byronville, Florida by an aunt and uncle. compile a sequence of events which “Where did he say it hap- After dropping out of the sixth grade and led to the murders. Crater had been pened?” “In Toronto.” “And did he working in a twine mill, he began making money a police informant since 1960 and say the people’s names?” on the street running errands for small time worked with the Federal Bureau of Arthur Lucas “He said the man was Crater. gangsters and eventually became involved in Narcotics. He was also soon to be He didn’t call the girls name.” gambling, narcotics, forgery and prostitution. used as a witness against Gus “Did he mention anything Lucas was in and out of prison throughout Saunders in an upcoming narcotics trial. about it?” his life. Records describe him as a “feeble-minded, The investigation quickly moved to Detroit, “He said he didn’t intend to hurt her, be- psycho-neurotic, anti-social agitator (with) a where police made nine arrests, including cause he didn’t know she was in the house deficient, dependent personality whose early Saunders, his wife Eloise and one of Saunder’s until she screamed. He said, ‘the only thing environment and lack of supervision and disci- ‘employees,’ Morris ‘Red’ Thomas. The indi- that has got me worried is that I lost my ring pline are the principle factors in moulding his viduals were to be questioned about the On- in the bed.’” life, which is characterized by a long criminal tario murders. Consistent with the talk on the street, record and an antagonistic, deficient attitude to- Thomas told police that he had recently Chipps revealed that Crater had crossed ward all properly constituted authority.” traveled to Chicago with an individual who pe- Saunders in a drug deal and Lucas believed he Lucas married prostitute Dolores Chipps riodically performed jobs for gangsters and that deserved to be “whipped.” from London, Ontario, in November, 1953 but the man, Lucas, had heroin which he wanted to She also told police that Lucas had washed moved her out of their home after she gave sell in Toronto. himself of the blood when he arrived home and birth to a son so he could begin an affair with Lucas borrowed Saunder’s car and drove to then cleaned a pair of blood-soaked shorts in a another prostitute, Lillian Boykin. Canada on Nov. 16th. On the day of the mur- pail of water, which she still had. It was soon By 1961, he was making money by pro- ders, he called Thomas to inform him that he discovered that the pail contained diluted hu- curing young females to work in brothels in had not met his contact and had decided to re- man blood. and around Detroit, but was also not above main in Toronto in search of a better deal. Police were directed to the home of Boykin taking cash for administering beatings to those Dolores Chipps was also willing to talk. in Detroit and Lucas was picked up there on who crossed gangsters. Taken to Toronto under police protection, she the morning of November 18 at roughly 4 a.m. On the morning of Friday, November 17, told officers she often tried to leave Lucas be- and transported to Toronto. 1961, an event occurred which placed Lucas cause of his ongoing affair with Boykin but was Later that day two tourists found a .38- back within the eyes of the law nearly 20 years unable to resist him. calibre revolver on the Burlington Skyway, a after his last conviction. A Bell Canada opera- “Why couldn’t you stay away?” police bridge Lucas would have had to cross while tor answering a call at 6:33 a.m. heard a frantic demanded. heading to Detroit from Toronto. Ballistics ex- female voice, followed by the sounds of a strug- “Because he run on to me and I went back perts examined it and concluded it belonged to gle, a thud and a low gurgling sound. to him and he threw me out of the apartment. I him; powder-markings were discovered between The operator immediately tracked the call never did go back to my home at the time his right thumb and forefinger, which led police to a J. Rochelle at 116 Kendal Avenue in To- [Boykin] was there,” she responded. to believe he could have recently fired it. ronto’s Bloor and Bathurst area and dispatched “Then you didn’t voluntarily go back?” Charged with the murder of Crater, Lucas’s a patrol car but the officer misunderstood, “He jumped on me before.” trial began on April 30, 1962 with Ontario’s headed in the opposite direction and didn’t ar- Chipps told police Lucas had physically Chief Justice, James McRuer, also known as rive on the scene until forty minutes later. abused her and that some of the wounds were ‘Hanging Jim’ because he sentenced so many to A postman first discovered the body of a made by a ring he wore while beating her. death, presiding. man lying in his boxer shorts at 7:03 a.m. in the “Did he ever cut you?” police inquired. “No, The evidence brought forth by forensics front hall of the Kendal Ave. address. Five min- he never did cut me, but I’ve been hit with experts in Detroit and Toronto was the most utes later the landlord of the boarding house chains, baseball bats, anything he could get his convincing. discovered the nude body of a woman under a hands on. Most of these scars under my eyes Harold Alfulris of the Detroit Police Scien- pile of bedclothes in a room upstairs. are from rings. He hit me when he had his ring tific Bureau told the court that bloodstains on Police identified the male as Therland Cra- on.” “He’d strike you with the ring and cause the right door handle and armrest and on finger- ter, a 44-year-old black pimp from Little Rock, that injury?” “Well, I bought him a ring right nail parings found in the car Lucas was driving Arkansas who was based in Detroit. The after he come home from jail,” explained Chipps, were type B blood, which is commonly found woman, who was still holding the telephone “a small diamond and I don’t know, he claimed in blacks. A biologist with Ontario’s attorney- receiver in her hand, was 20-year-old Carol Ann he lost it, I guess. I don’t know what happened general’s lab testified that blood samples found Newman, a known prostitute who used the to that. But next time I seen him with a ring he at the crime scene were also type B. alias Jean Rochelle. had a large one. I don’t know where he got it McRuer sentenced Arthur Lucas to hang on Police soon discovered that Newman’s from, but it was large.” October 19, 1962 after a jury found him guilty throat had been cut from ear to ear. Crater’s Chipps told police that her husband ap- as charged with no recommendation for mercy. throat had also been sliced after being shot three peared tense and edgy when he came to her Lucas would take to the scaffold in the com- times in the back with a .38-calibre revolver. house on Nov. 17. pany of Ronald Turpin. The first clue in the case was a man’s gold ring, “I asked him, I said, ‘what’s wrong?’ and he Next month - Ronald Turpin

February 2002 70 S.W.A.T. ‘supersizes’ boots New Ford seatbelt Original S.W.A.T. Footwear system, offset center D-ring and chime increases customers can now ‘super size’ round laces. These cosmetic their boots with the intro- changes allow the wearer easier seatbelt use stats duction of the company’s entry and exit and make it A new, more persistent reminder sys- new Classic 10" or ‘Su- easier to get a more snug tem installed on Fords has slightly increased per Swat’ styles. fit around the lower leg, the number of drivers using seat belts. S.W.A.T. intro- resulting in more sup- First installed on some 2000 Fords and duced a service boot port. However, the prin- now standard equipment on 2002 models, two years ago that pro- ciple difference is the the system first flashes a warning light and vides the wearer with height — it’s a full two chimes for six seconds. If the driver still an orthotically correct inches taller than the doesn’t buckle up, it repeats the alarm every shape, resulting in a original Classic 8". 30 seconds for up to five minutes. truer fit and incorpo- The company says rated modern athletic the Classic 10" was cre- Seatbelt use increased by five percent, cushioning technology, ated to make is easier for from 71 to 76 per cent of drivers, in cars resulting in better fitting, those who have to with the device, according to observations more comfortable boots. blouse their pants — conducted by the Insurance Institute for The new Classic 10" is a correctional officers, SWAT Highway Safety (IIHS) at 12 Oklahoma car leather fabric, 10-inch tall boot built teams and military personnel, for dealerships. with the same components as the original example. “This may sound like a modest gain,” S.W.A.T. but with a few minor changes. The For more information on S.W.A.T. Boots, said IIHS chief scientist Alan Williams, “but new Super Swat comes with a D-ring lacing go to www.blueline.ca and click on BlueLinks. it’s important when you consider the diffi- culty of changing the behaviour of the mi- High tech bylaw officers nority of motorists who don’t buckle up.” Parking police in the California towns of vehicles or those that have acquired five or more Camera detects liers Monterey, Palo Alto, and Santa Cruz have been unpaid parking tickets; when a vehicle man- test-driving carts outfitted with state-of-the-art dates a ticket, the system beeps. A high-resolution thermal-imaging camera infrared digital cameras, global positioning sys- trained on an individual’s face to detect signs of tems (GPS) and personal computers equipped blushing associated with lying may eventually with flat-screen monitors operated by touch. Software monitors The vehicular labs quicken the ability of of- replace lie detectors and become standard equip- ficers to hand out parking citations while lowering sex offenders ment at airports and border checkpoints. their chance of acquiring repetitive motion prob- An Illinois county plans to use software A recent Mayo Clinic study took 20 US lems — a job risk of marking tires to label cars that to not only protect children from sexual preda- Army recruits and assigned eight of them to have been in a parking space too long. tors, but also to shield predators from their stab a mannequin and take $20 from it. The A Canadian firm has been marketing the labs own impulses. subjects were then asked about their ‘crimes,’ Sangamon County already has four sex of- for the last year; to date, just Salt Lake City and told to deny them and filmed with the camera. Seattle have bought the systems. Equipping a fenders using the Cyber Sentinal software on cart with the system costs a minimum of their computers. If they go to a prohibited site, Six of the eight mock criminals were uncovered, $60,000. As a law enforcement official drives use sexually explicit language, or employ while 11 of the 12 innocents were found to be past parked vehicles, cameras attached to the phrases common to online predators, they will telling the truth. cart’s roof and bumper automatically take pic- receive an email informing them they may have Critics of the experiment say that not nearly tures of each car’s license plate and tires. violated their probation. enough people were used to validate the tech- Similar technologies have been used else- The GPS system notes the exact locations nology’s performance and that the camera only of parked vehicles. Before the cart moves on to where but some authorities insist that the new the next space, the computer rapidly checks its solutions do not replace human contact be- detected signs of anxiety, much like a polygraph license plate database for violators. In addition, tween law enforcement officials and individu- test, and may not be a true indicator of when it matches plates against a local list of stolen als on probation. someone is lying.

For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 71 Suing shoplifters alternative to criminal charges CP news story from Blue Line Newsweek store security costs. enue. In 1999, the value of stolen retail mer- In the new reality of shoplifting, a stolen Civil recovery programs work like this: chandise in Canada was $2.3 billion, according bottle of shampoo will often cost a thief hun- • A suspected shoplifter is taken to the secu- to the retail council. Gerry Davenport — a re- dreds of dollars. rity office and police are phoned. Security tired Ontario (Peel Regional) police officer who Retailers are suing shoplifters when they staff fill out a theft report for police. advises the council on security — says stores steal items, whether or not the case makes it to • The store sends a letter to the shoplifter stat- get frustrated because shoplifting is not a po- criminal court. The civil recovery programs, ing it’s willing to settle a civil damage claim lice priority. Police essentially say, “we are com- which began in the mid-1990s in Canada by the for a payment which usually ranges between pletely swamped; deal with it however you Bay and Zellers, are now used by half of all $200 and $400. want,’’ he says. medium and large-sized retail stores, according • The store takes the shoplifter to civil court if The number of people charged with shop- to the Retail Council of Canada. they don’t pay. lifting has declined in the past decade, from “It’s trying to get people to understand that Retailers also go after parents of young 109,690 in 1990 to 85,269 in 1999, according regardless of what you steal and the value of it, shoplifters, sending mom and dad a bill for their to Statistics Canada, you will pay,’’ said council president Diane child’s misdeeds. The criminal justice system often only slaps Brisebois, who adds it also helps recoup hefty Retailers say such lawsuits recover lost rev- shoplifters on the wrist, says Davenport, who points to a Kitchener, Ontario judge who fined two professional thieves $300 for stealing $700 worth of blue jeans. The Bay began its civil recovery program about six years ago, says Don Jobe, national loss prevention and operations manager, and it’s paying off. He says the department store chain arrests 12,500 alleged Canadian shoplift- ers each year — down from 17,000 in the early 1990s. He wouldn’t divulge the amount of money collected by the program but did say it covers only a fraction of security costs. Mark Freund of Calgary-based Loss Pre- vention said 100 of his retail store clients use loss recovery programs to keep prices com- petitive and survive. “If you have a combination of internal theft happening with external theft, it could shut a store down pretty damn quick,’’ said Freund, whose company provides security officers and implements loss recovery programs. Shoppers Drug Mart recently began a re- covery program because its losses have dou- bled in the last decade and now total $40 mil- lion a year. A Calgary pilot project saw 40 per cent of accused shoplifters pay the amounts demanded in letters, said Shoppers’ spokesman David Melhado. Other retailers said it was too soon to gauge success. Those who fight in court sometimes win, sometimes lose. An Ontario judge agreed the Bay had no right to money from a Toronto man for stolen gloves but made the man pay $100 plus costs anyway since he was trespassing because he entered the store with no intention to buy. A Winnipeg judge ordered Zellers to return $225 paid by the mother of a teen caught steal- ing items worth about $60, ruling parents aren’t liable for their children’s crimes. Bob Thomas, former security head for Sears Canada, which doesn’t use loss recovery, says love it or hate it, the trend in shoplifting pre- vention is moving to the civil courts. “The more it is swung over, the more the (criminal) justice system starts to say, ‘well, that’s one less headache we don’t have to worry about.’”

February 2002 72 by Mark Reesor bled, setting a new season record; “everybody say race at any venue but, as our logo says, ‘if wanted to come out and challenge the police you race, the street is not the place.’” The primary purpose behind Saskatoon’s and their car!... The Malibu presently runs 12.52 quarters Street Legal Racing Program has nothing to do “If they beat us, it’s a real honour — they at 108 mph, pleasing the crowd with its red and with seeing who can run a few hundreds of a get stickers and prizes at the end of the year — blue flashing lights and smoking tires. More im- second faster on the drag strip. it really has changed the attitude of young driv- portantly though, Decae estimates the program “If we can prevent one injury and one death ers about why the police are enforcing the laws.” has reduced street drag racing on the city’s main every year from illegal drag racing, this pro- Drag racers know that if they get caught cruise street by between 60 and 70 percent. gram, even if it cost the public money, would be racing on the street, they can be expelled from “The guys do the little chirp off the line and well worth it,” says Staff Sergeant Aime Decae, the drag racing circuit. They don’t want that to they give it a little blast up to 50K but there’s no who quickly adds that not even a cent of tax happen, says Decae. “We find that when the more flat out racing to 110K — we don’t see that dollars are spent on the program; “we are and younger driver — anywhere from 16 to about very often and that’s where people die.” wish to remain non-tax funded.” 25 — gets involved in drag racing and drives The program also helps the police develop The program started after it was decided their cars and hearts out on Friday nights, they a better relationship with young people. something had to be done about the “horren- don’t come back in to Saskatoon and start stunt- They’ve even started a ‘high school drags’ meet, dous” amount of drag racing and stunting going ing and drag racing because they have nothing where students bring out their — or their par- on in the city, which puts the lives of the racers, to prove to anybody. ents — cars. “We do their checking for them and innocent motorists, at risk. “They have a timing slip, they have brag- and we’re out there four or five hours with these RCMP Highway Patrol Corporal Ian ging rights... we’ve even heard that if they get kids and we have a blast... Mitchell, who had just finished a car, and Decae challenged, they will say ‘no, come out to the “Like many cities we lost the high school began heading out, in uniform, every Friday drag strip where we can do it properly.” resource officers due to budget cuts; now we night to the Saskatoon International Raceway Although Decae admits “we will never stop have some contact back with them. If they have in 1997 and talking to street racers. the fool who goes out at 4 o’clock in the morn- their own car, you can be guaranteed they’re Mitchell is an accident reconstructionist ing and has a single race with somebody and going to cross a police officer because they were and Decae was a traffic sergeant and both at- ends up hitting a pole or something, but the driving foolishly. Now they understand some tended all the fatalities, he says. “After awhile general attitude of drag racing in the streets has of the laws, the rules — why racing in the streets of seeing this carnage on the street, a lot of it changed because of this program.” is dangerous... it’s changed the attitude of a lot to do with speed and racing, you say ‘how can He recounts one incident where he and an- of young drivers on the street.” I stop those people?’ You know that old say- other officer observed two individuals racing, The program also gives the public a chance to ing, ‘if you can’t beat them, join them?’ Well issued tickets but also encouraged both drivers meet police in a “different and positive way,” he we joined them!” to come to the track if they wanted to race. says. “It shows them that police officers can also Saskatoon police unveiled their car in 2000 “One person did, the other was killed in a enjoy themselves by having fun as others do.” — a 1981 Chev Malibu with a 355 ci Chev four car accident four weeks later while driving at a Street Legal racing is long overdue in Canada, bolt main, 2.02 trick flow aluminum heads, 1.5 high rate of speed.” Decae says, noting there are approximately 160 roller rockers, single plane wiemand team ‘G’ “Not a penny of tax dollars” has gone into programs in the US — the program was started intake, 800 CFM Holley double pump, HEI the project, Decae emphasizes. Members vol- by the LAPD — but only 10 in Canada. He distributor with Accell Super Coil, MSD/6AL unteer their time and a long list of local busi- highly recommends it for any community that ignition box, Hooker Super Comp Headers, nesses donate supplies and equipment in re- has a problem with illegal drag racing — and is Carter seven pound fuel pump, Auburn turn for advertising space on the car, which is eager to help in any way he can. positraction, Strange Axles, Goodyear drag a real opportunity, he notes, since “it’s very “Ian Mitchell and myself will travel any- slicks... the list goes on. It competes in the ad- hard to get your advertising logo on a marked where and present this program to any police vanced sportsmen class. police car!” service, anywhere in Canada.” Mitchell and the RCMP also race a marked Police involvement also gives credibility and police car, a Duster with a 440 ci alcohol burning helps remove the stigma from drag racing, which For more information, check out engine which will run quarters in the mid 10s at he says is one of the largest spectator sports in Saskatoon’s Street Legal Racing Program 138 mph and competes in the street pro class. the world. Police urge those who don’t like drag website at www.spsracing.ca or contact The first night Saskatoon’s car raced, Decae racing to get involved in stock car or go-cart S/Sgt. Decae at (306) 975-8212. says, the number of cars entered more than dou- racing or even demolition derbies, he says. “We

February 2002 74 Ask a Question... Pick a Topic... Give an Answer Make a Comment...

The cost of buying and cleaning duty cloth- $16 a month after taxes, is more like $8-9. As probably, but well worth it. ing can really add up, especially if the amount far as dry cleaning goes here in Winnipeg, we Always buying the cheapest clothing avail- you’re reimbursed doesn’t keep up with actual get about 14 vouchers a year, each good for two able is a big part of the problem, argued Tricia: costs. That seemed unfair to Dean, who de- pairs of pants or one suit... $16 shirts are $16 shirts. I haven’t seen any cided to argue his case on the Blue Line Forum: My experience with shirts has been they are that look good past six months and are in des- The RCMP has established an expected ‘life good for a year or two at most and then they perate need of replacement inside a year. The span’ of most issued items, including clothing. start to show wear and tear and as such need to fabric is poly/cotton, very light weight, the con- The system works reasonably well with the ex- replaced. Of course you need five and five of struction (seams, stitches etc) is as cheap as it ception of uniform shirts. Aside from the initial each, to allow for each day of a tour in both gets, no extra linings, facings or stiffeners (in issue of five long sleeve and five short sleeve, seasons. So your wallet’s going to be hurting a the collar). They are not made to last, they are any replacements are at the cost of the member. bit, if you want to keep your uniform in top shape. made to be the lowest bid... This of course does not include reorders due to More than likely a lot of members will end up On the other hand, the $45 shirts... are a damage while working. keeping/wearing their shirts for longer and as poly/wool wash and wear fabric that will not A long sleeve shirt is in the neighbourhood such end up looking more shabby. break down even after 200 washings. I have of $16 plus tax. Not excessive unless one buys 3 Lil_Mrs_MP5 also thought Dean’s com- seen evidence of that personally. So if you have or 4 at a time. It adds up! The people at our kit plaint was justified: five shirts and you are doing laundry once a and clothing dept. maintain that the RCMP’s You are most assuredly NOT snivelling!! It week, that’s 50 washings a year (two weeks less than $16 a month clothing upkeep allow- is, in fact, a legitimate beef! It could be worse vacation), so in FOUR YEARS these shirts still ance (which is a taxable benefit) is sufficient. My though. Ever since I was promoted to Det. look relatively new. I would bet that this is the uniform pants are dry clean only so there goes Const., (ergo, no more uniform, but my own type of shirt Lil Miss MP5’s paramedic is wear- that money. outfits) my dry cleaning costs have tripled! My ing. $45 divided by four years is $11.25 a year There. I’ve vented. Am I snivelling over cleaning allowance hasn’t tripled, I can assure for the shirt and it has not even begun to wear nothing, or is this a legit beef? you. That’s my beef... out yet. At five shirts per year, that’s a savings of Dean’s beef rang true with Big Blue: I think that EMS uniforms are the most prac- $95.00 per member over 4 years, ($16-11.25 x Sounds legit to me, anything that hits at your tical I’ve seen, (my husband is a paramedic, so 5 shirts x 4 years) PLUS however many addi- pocket book, without you being compensated I do his laundry!) Their stuff is all wash and tional years the shirt is still wearable (at $45.00 for it, is a raw deal. Don’t forget that fabulous wear and very durable. A little more expensive for each year you do not have to replace it).

February 2002 75 I have been trying to hammer this home to ficer is issued with a supplemental voucher to Many officers don’t have a say in the mat- the purchasing departments for the last five cover the cost of wear and tear (substantially ter, pointed out Pete: years, with extremely limited success. The sys- less that the initial voucher; for arguments sake For those of us that have passed through tem is set up to award to the lowest bidder on a let’s say $200.00). If the officer does not need the gates at the Swingin’ Arm Ranch and de- per unit basis, not over time and not in the long new pants one year he/she can use the allow- cided to stick it out, we really don’t have much run. There are tender specifications that do not ance for the purchase of additional shirts let’s choice in what we must wear at work. I am also even ALLOW a manufacturer to submit this other say. The OFFICER decides. This leave the onus one of the few members, it seems, that is gener- shirt for consideration. on the individual officer to ensure that his/her ally happy with our clothing. Of course, I have Sounds pretty obvious to me, any one else kit is up to standard... been in long enough that I saw a guy wearing out there get it? I say give the officer the ability to decide full Sam Browne over pea jacket while on night Big Blue did but wasn’t optimistic the bean what works best for himself/herself to do the job guard, but that was long before CAPRA! counters would: better and safer (and you might be able to save What I would like to see from the RCMP is, (They) are caught by the same short some money on those purchasing dept staffers instead of merely issuing us our initial kit and sightedness that all of our wonderful politicians that you don’t need anymore. clothing items, then giving each of us an annual fall into. They don’t care about the savings four That didn’t sit well with Court Officer: kit upkeep allowance, that they figure out what or five years down the road, they only want to I think it looks totally unprofessional for two it costs to replace our items of kit and clothing look at what can be saved now. The idea that members of the same policing team to have dif- divided by the expected life span of the items, spending a little more money in the short term ferent (even slightly) coloured pairs of pants or then pay us this pro-rated total as a non-taxable will save money in the future seems to be a for- shirts. Same goes for some Officers wearing ny- allowance. This can be adjusted for various eign concept to them. lon carriers on their duty belts and others leather. duties (ie: musical ride changes their red serge Tricia had some bad news for RCMP offic- I think the uniform should be... well... uniform! more often; bike patrol needs different shirts; ers — they can’t buy better shirts even if they The American system wouldn’t work in plain clothes, well...) are willing to spend their own money: Canada, argued Tricia, because of numbers: Members could then order directly ourselves RCMP grey shirts are unique to the RCMP. Where would these individuals go to pur- what we need, rather than needing approval I know of NO manufacturer who would carry chase such things? In the US, there is a police from the commander and that RO is no longer an ‘off the shelf’ shirt that would come close to supply shop on every corner. Most of them carry included in her/his budget concerns. resembling the style of the RCMP shirt. a full line of uniforms, duty gear, footwear, hats, For example: my Red Serge still fits after 5 Because of the nature of their tendering proc- guns, use of force options, etc., covering multi- years, but I need more under-shirt SBA carri- ess, you are pretty much limited to buying from ple brand names and styles. That is because of ers; my long and short sleeve shirts can last RCMP or maybe directly from the manufacturer VOLUME, ladies and gentlemen. Remember, another year, but I could use a zippered polar that has the current contract, but then you will there are more cops in the City of New York fleece liner; I’ll pay for re-soling of my winter get exactly what they have been issuing you. (ONE police dept.) than we have in our whole and summer boots, since they fit well and look Sorry. There have been numerous tests, field country! Subtract the RCMP and you are down good, rather than buy new ones and spend the trials and research done on the value of long to 20,000 to 25,000 (approx.) officers in the difference on cargo-pocket trousers. term savings and the availability of premium entire country. (Last I heard NYPD had close to I know that the C/S/M is working on this, quality uniforms and the manufacturers are quite 40,000 sworn officers). along with the DSRR, but I wish it would move eager to work with agencies to provide a supe- There are three or four full service dealers along faster. rior uniform. The system however, breaks down in Canada that I am aware of and only two or at the bureaucratic level with an inherent resist- three ‘storefront’ operations that could begin to ance to change. handle this type of procurement. Most depart- Support growing for Housing cop suggested we copy the Ameri- ments purchase directly from the manufacturer national ID card cans and let individual officers decide what to or deal with manufacturers’ agents who do not wear and what equipment to use: handle other products nor (in most cases) do Support for a national ID card connected Many American police departments issue a they have a storefront. This has always been in to a database is increasing in the United States, uniform and equipment voucher to new officers an attempt to save money (cut out the middle reflecting a change in attitude toward privacy in a specified amount (for arguments sake, let’s men wherever possible). It would take tens of and security in the wake of the Sept. 11 at- say the amount is $1,500). The new officer then thousands of dollars in inventory to have the tacks and the subsequent war on terrorism. goes to a supplier of his/her choice and pur- right make, model, color and size that an officer chases what is required to outfit himself/herself needs to come in and spend $200.00 a year. A Pew Research Centre poll found 70 for duty. The department may specify special Does not make good business sense with the percent of respondents favoured a national requirements as to the type of firearm, aerosol exception of the golden horseshoe in Ontario ID card. The adoption of such a system faces (OC, Mace, etc), baton and/or give a choice. and perhaps Quebec. Three guesses where two enormous implementation costs and Regardless, the officer is required to qualify with of the existing stores are located... logistical difficulties, but other initiatives with the weapon he/she chooses to carry. One final point...... have you ever noticed how similar objectives are currently underway: The officer decides how much money he/she SOME officers dress OFF duty? Do you really The Air Transport Association wants pas- wants to spend and where. Every year the of- want them to be in charge of their uniforms? One possible solution to this has been tried sengers to carry a voluntary travel card with at a few larger dept.’s that I know of. They biometric identifiers and a government data- offered a “points system” to the officers, who base link; the US Justice Department and could then control how they redeemed their General Services Administration experts ad- points. The stores personnel within the dept. mit they are working on an ID system with would carry an inventory of ‘approved’ items, vendors and motor vehicle officials; and the offering good/better/best quality — usually based on cost, that the officer could choose American Association of Motor Vehicle Ad- from. They were then responsible for proper ministrators plans to issue computerized, use and care and could decide how they wanted biometric driver’s license cards. to use the points (better boots, cheaper flash- Security experts and high-tech executives light, better shirt, cheaper pants, better rain believe that such a system can stop terrorists gear, pass on the sweater). My guess is that from operating in the country using fake IDs. this ended up costing MORE money with stores personnel busier, more overworked or more If a national ID card system is implemented, hired to handle the increased responsibility and the earliest users are likely to be immigrants coordination of such an undertaking. and visitors from foreign countries. For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 76 Blue Line’s Classified advertisements are a free service to law enforcement agencies and related personnel support groups. Other persons or organiza- tions may place their notices in this section at a price of $50 per insertion up to 25 words. Pre-payment by Visa, MasterCard or Cheque only please. Send information and pre-payment to: 12A-4981 Hwy. 7 East, Ste. 254, Markham, ON. L3R 1N1 or Fax (800) 563-1792 or E-mail to [email protected] year’s case study will be based law enforcement and emergency registration information. Up-Coming Events on real-life issues facing the com- response trade show, promoting August 4 - 9, 2002 munity of Chatham-Kent. For products and services for all law February 19 - 23, 2002 Annual Conference on Alcohol, more information, call Jim enforcement personnel. Call (905) Drugs and Traffic Safety American Society for Law Lawson at (416) 808-7760. To 640-3048 to register as an exhibi- Enforcement Training (ASLET) Montreal, Quebec register, call Constable Laura tor. Attendees register at The 16th annual International Terrorism Seminar Houliston at (705) 564-6900. www.blueline.ca. Anchorage, Alaska Council on Alcohol, Drugs and ASLET has assembled a group of April 10 - 12, 2002 April 26 - 28, 2002 Traffic Safety (ICADTS) Confer- world renowned experts on terror- 3rd Annual Police Leadership 41st Annual Toronto Police ence will be held in the Palais des ism to headline its 15th Annual In- Conference Service Interfaith Retreat Congrès de Montréal convention ternational Training Seminar, in- Vancouver, BC Pickering, Ontario centre. It will build on acquired cluding retired FBI agent Dr. Tho- The conference theme is managing A time of personal growth and re- knowledge to push ahead with mas Strentz and 21-year Secret change through principled leader- newed hope for law enforcement greater scientific understanding of Service veteran Carl Kovalchik. To ship, emphasizing that leadership is personnel, civilian and auxiliary impaired driving and seek to spur register call ASLET’s national of- an activity, not a position. A two- members, friends, family and asso- efforts to reduce it. Call (514) 395- fice at 301-668-9466, or go to their day seminar on ethics training will ciated professionals. Scriptures, au- 1808 or e-mail [email protected] website at http://www.aslet.org. follow on April 13 and May 11. Call dio visuals, healing, liturgy, personal for more information. S/Sgt. Murray Lunn at (604) 528- counselling. Seventy places available. August 26 - 30, 2002 March 6 - 7, 2002 5824 for more information or go to Contact Grant MacNeil at (416) 808- 42nd Annual Police Hockey Anthropological Short Course http://www.policeleadership.org to 8229 or (416) 808-8202 (fax) to reg- York Regional Police Tournament register. ister or for more information. Vaughan - Ontario An intensive, five-day course Hosted by York Regional Police. To April 16, 2002 June 4-7, 2002 geared to locating, identifying and register or for more information, go Diversity Forum Reid Interview and Interrogation recovering human remains, with to http://www.policehockey.com or Justice Institute of BC Course both in-class lectures and ‘hands- contact Ron Ralph at 905-881-1221 Global issues - local concerns, a Halton Regional Police on’ training. Instructors will fea- x7221 or John Miskiw at 905-881- forum hosted by the BC Police & This will be a combined basic and ture excavating shallow graves, in- 1221 x7850. Diversity Network. Call Simmie advanced course and will be held terpreting blood splatter, sharp Smith at (604) 599-7689 or by at Halton police headquarters. edge/gunshot trauma to bone and March 18-22, 2002 email at simmie.smith@rcmp- Contact Kate Pulford at (905) 878- collecting entomological evidence. 16th Annual Forensic grc.gc.ca for more information. 5511, x5105 or by email at Call Greg Olson at (905) 830-0303, Identification Seminar [email protected] for x7400 for more information. Toronto, Ontario April 22 - May 3, 2002 Hosted by the Toronto Police Serv- Osteology for Police Officers ice, the seminar includes lectures, York Regional Police workshops and a trade show. This An intensive, first year university year’s event will be held at the course condensed and geared to Colony Hotel in downtown To- police officers, with an emphasis ronto. Call Det. Cst. Rodger Davie placed on identifying human re- or Det. Cst. Martin Doyle at (416) mains, ‘animal vs human’ and de- 808-6869 for more information. termining sex, race, stature and age. A background in forensic identifi- March 24 to 27, 2002 cation is helpful but not manda- 6th Annual Community Policing tory. Call Greg Olson at (905) 830- Management Program 0303, x7400 for more information. Kingston, Ontario Each year’s program is based on April 23 - 24, 2002 a real-life community problem Response Trade Show that deals with crime or disorder Markham, Ontario in an Ontario community. This Blue Line Magazine’s sixth annual For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca

For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca For further details go to BlueLinks at www.blueline.ca February 2002 77 Can we legislate around discretionary limitations? by Morley Lymburner the kids through universities which begat more (Hello... are you still with me!) lawyers on the money made solely from this Unlike criminal offences a provincial of- There has been much talk recently about offence. People just don’t like being convicted fence requires no evidence of intent. You are lowering the blood alcohol limit to 50mg from for doing something the TV commercials found committing a breach of the law and a the current 80mg of alcohol in 100ml of blood. clearly show as being so- conviction is registered regard- So why not? Discretionary limitations always cially acceptable. Going out less of your intent to do so. interfere — that’s why not. on the town with your bud- Since history has shown us that In actual effect the charge of over 80mg is dies and drinking until you people like discretionary limits, only laid when the motorist is over 100mg. So get happy and your face falls then the actual law will prob- maybe it’s time to lower the threshold to get off is socially acceptable. ably be imposed only after 70 the people off the road who need to be off the The commercials never show and probably below 100mgs. road. I would like to give a little history lesson how the person is trans- Therefore it could probably and share some ideas here. ported to the location where work well. The public, mass media and even too many the ‘fun’ is happening Writing laws that get around police officers are greatly confused about drink- though — and they also don’t discretionary levels of enforce- ing driving violations. Most of this involves the show the mangled bodies in ment can actually be very effec- differences between ‘driving while impaired’ and the wreckage... where the tive. It would also have the dou- ‘driving over 80mg’ charges. There appears to be face no longer smiles. ble effect of keeping more legal a blurring of the differences here that is getting So there you have it. The real reason over 50 battles out of the higher courts of appeal. The worse. My simple explanation is that impair- became over 80 and is actually over 100 is because law should also bolster the provincial coffers as ment is something you can see while over 80mgs too many people lack the courage to enforce a well because a substantial fine could be imposed. is something you can measure. I also describe the piece of well researched law based on well re- As long as jail time is included only for non- difference as being similar to driving carelessly searched toxicology. They have not had the ambi- payment of the fine and not the violation itself, and speeding. Two very distinct violations re- tion to change old habits or re-think old laws in it would keep the Charter challenge clowns away quiring very different types of evidence. light of newer technology. and some agencies may even find themselves with But back to my original point. Much re- And this brings me to my suggestion. If all a house or a neat car to auction off. The legal search went into determining that the proper this discretionary stuff is flying around because paperwork would be far simpler and an officer limit of blood alcohol was 80mgs. That same everyone worries about the chances of some- need not spend as much time processing. “Blow research clearly indicated the real level at which one who is not ‘impaired’ getting convicted here... ticket there... off you go now.” The op- everyone begins to feel the effects of alcohol (which, as I pointed out earlier, has nothing at tions are endless. was actually 50mgs. Many stated that this re- all to do with over 80 anyway), then why not I think this is something someone should search was very solid and that perhaps this make a provincial offence for being over 50mgs? be seriously looking at. What do you think? should be the legal limit set by law. It was at this point a few legal beagles decided that per- haps there should be a discretionary level of another 30mgs of tolerance. This was just in case someone would be caught who could re- Accident Support Services 8 LEADS Software 80 ally handle that amount of alcohol and thus be Advanced Interactive Systems 59 LETS 29 unjustly convicted of a criminal offence when Alpine Joe 37 Lloyd Libke Police Sales 71 they were perfectly fine to drive. I think it was Asset Tracking Services 49 Maritime Services Police & Security 63 more out of fear of being caught themselves Bianche International 13 Matte Industries 62 that motivated this. Law makers lived in an era Blue Line Reading Library 79 Mega Tech Insert of looking upon drinking violations as mere in- Blue Line Symposium 22, 40 Micro Video 67 discretions rather than actual offences warrant- BlueLinks 72 Motorola 16 ing criminal sanctions. BMW Motorcycles 14 Nelson Thompson 15 Many years ago the instrument of choice Brycan Distributors 27 Nelson Wong, Architect 67 was the Borkenstein Breathalyzer. It was an CALEA 9 Nine-One-One Outerwear 45 approved instrument specifically listed in the Canada Law Book 35 Pacific Body Armour 21 Criminal Code. When the new law of 80mgs Corporate Security Supply 31 Panasonic Canada 7 was passed, the powers that be looked at the Dalhousie University 23 Pelican Products 2 venerable Breathalyzer and decided that per- Danner Shoes 64, 65 PRC 10 haps the credibility of the instrument may be DavTECH Analytical Services 66 Pride in Service 30, 76 brought into ill-repute if too many people were Delmas Manufacturing Ltd 77 Printrak 73 actually convicted at the 80mg level. The con- Detect Investigations 18 Reid and Associates 63 cern here was the appearance of accuracy of a DuPont Canada 51 Response Trade Show 2002 75 metal needle that is hand manipulated across EOD Performance 23 R. Nicholls Distributors 17 the painted numbers on the face of the instru- ESRI 12 Rotman School of Management 68 ment. As a result it was decided by a person Flir Systems 4 Savage Range Systems 32 long forgotten that the ‘discretionary’ level of Ford 11 Second Chance Body Armor 5 the actual charge would not commence until the Glock 69 Spike Camp 71 motorist actually reached 100mgs. Gordon Contract Footwear 39 Tetragon Tasse 25 After these regulations were passed into Helmet House 47 The Walter Fedy Partnership 77 law and departments across the country were Henry’s 77 Triform Business Systems Ltd 19 faced with enforcing it, the real test of the Hi-Tec Intervention 69 Viking Metals & Military Supplies 43 instrument began and the law became one of Identicator 28 Westervelt College 31 the most scrutinized in history. More case law K9 Storm 9 Wolverine Supplies 52 exists on drinking driving legislation than al- Laser Labs 11 most all others combined. Hundreds, nay thou- BlueLinks sands, of lawyers pay their mortgages and put Find out more about these advertisers through at www.blueline.ca

February 2002 78 IMPAIRED DRIVING Forming Reasonable Grounds

THIRD EDITION

GINO ARCARO

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Described as a “Paper Advanced material ideal Tactics for armed encoun- “The ability to deal with Written by the author of This book is a comprehen- The main concepts of Tac- Police College”, this for academy and depart- ters. Positive tactics de- the public in all its forms, The Five Minute Police sive study of Canada’s tics for Criminal Patrol unique and comprehen- mental training programs signed to master real-life moods and temperament Officer, this book is a must drinking driver laws. Ex- states that “vehicle stops sive Canadian text book is and for all law enforce- situations. This book deals with a ‘System’ allows read for anyone looking cellent resource for police are golden opportunities designed to instruct you in ment officers. This very with tactics police officers even experienced officers toward a managerial level officers, prosecutors or for unique field investiga- the workings of the Crimi- real-life book will not only can employ on the street to feel a new confidence.” career. This book has been anyone interested in the tions which ... can lead to nal Code of Canada in a teach you about the “Tac- to effectively use their Give Terry Barker’s “Sys- evaluated by college train- administration of laws to- major felony arrests.” For logical, easy to read fash- tical Edge” it will help keep own firearms to defeat tem” a try, it will prove to ing staff and psychologists ward drinking drivers. officers who want to stop ion. you on it. those of assailants. be a valued tool. around the world. smugglers in transit.

BASIC POLICE PROCEDURES SECOND EDITION The North West Mounted Police Their First Decade Gino Arcaro

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Police officers are seekers This book covers the first A hands-on case study ap- From the author of the The sequel to A Double This book, reviewed in the This book is a comprehen- of truth and facts. This book decade in the history of the proach combining the Court Jesters series Duty, this book covers the Jan. 2000 issue, responds to sive text that covers the will help officers to inter- North West Mounted Po- most recent materials with comes a hilarious collec- 1885 North-West Rebel- the need for a comprehen- most elementary knowl- view people with the ulti- lice, 1873-1883, a decisive case studies and exercises tion of real-life tales from lion. The role of the Moun- sive leadership develop- edge that a police officer mate goal being to identify period in the history of making the connection be- those who battle crime. ties has been down-played ment model for the educa- must process in order to the guilty party in an ef- Western Canada. The book tween literature and prac- Stupid crooks, cops with a by historians, but this tion and training of police, apprehend, charge and fective manner, consistent examines the beginning of tical applications of key sense of humour, incidents doesn’t do justice to the of- justice and public safety su- gather evidence against the with the requirements of the force and the difficul- ideas and concepts. gone wrong - this book has ficers who battled at Duke pervisors, managers and criminal element in our any tribunal or court. ties it faced. it all. Lake, Loon Lake and more. front line officers. society.

l From legendary Sam Steele l A pocket-sized durable drug to Nelson Eddy in Rose Marie. reference manual designed for From the Great March West to street cops. This book is a quick the Musical Ride, the Mountie reference book that explains shines as an image of strength, symptoms officer would view courage and the Canadian way. in people under the influence of A must read for RCMP mem- the most common street drugs. bers of those interested in the force. k Blue Line Magazine has been k This book effectively bridges the officer’s choice for law en- both the theoretical and practi- forcement news, features and cal aspects of police work. It information for more than 10 surveys current research and years. The magazine’s 10 an- policy to examine the structure, nual issues cover topics includ- 00 operation and issues facing po- ing firearms, private policing, $ 25. B 95 licing in the 1990s and the ap- 00 00 communications, training, com- Tax Included 28 $24. proaching millennium. 29 $45. 34 $20. puter technology, and forensics.

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