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Taxonomic Study of the Pigs (Suidae, Mammalia) from the Late Middle Miocene of Gratkorn (Austria, Styria)

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Taxonomic Study of the Pigs (Suidae, Mammalia) from the Late Middle Miocene of Gratkorn (Austria, Styria) Palaeobio Palaeoenv DOI 10.1007/s12549-014-0152-1 ORIGINAL PAPER Taxonomic study of the pigs (Suidae, Mammalia) from the late Middle Miocene of Gratkorn (Austria, Styria) Jan van der Made & Jérôme Prieto & Manuela Aiglstorfer & Madelaine Böhme & Martin Gross Received: 21 November 2013 /Revised: 26 January 2014 /Accepted: 4 February 2014 # Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014 Abstract The locality of Gratkorn of early late Sarmatian age European Tetraconodontinae. The morphometric changes that (Styria, Austria, Middle Miocene) has yielded an abundant occurred in a series of fossil samples covering the known and diverse fauna, including invertebrates, micro-vertebrates temporal ranges of the species Pa. steinheimensis are docu- and large mammals, as well as plants. As part of the taxonom- mented. It is concluded that Parachleuastochoerus includes ical study of the mammals, two species of suids, are described three species, namely Pa. steinheimensis, Pa. huenermanni here and assigned to Listriodon splendens Vo n M ey er, 1 84 6 and Pa. crusafonti. Evolutionary changes are recognised and Parachleuastochoerus steinheimensis (Fraas, 1870). As among the Pa. steinheimensis fossil samples. In addition, it the generic affinities of the latter species were subject to is proposed that the subspecies Pa. steinheimensis olujici was debate, we present a detailed study of the evolution of the present in Croatia long before the genus dispersed further into Europe. This article is an additional contribution to the special issue "The Sarmatian vertebrate locality Gratkorn, Styrian Basin". Keywords Listriodontinae . Tetraconodontinae . Middle J. van der Made (*) Miocene . Sarmatian . Styrian Basin Departamento de Paleobiología, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, c. José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain e-mail: [email protected] Introduction J. Prieto Department of Earth- and Environmental Science, Palaeontology, Suoidea (pigs and their primitive relatives) are well represent- Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, ed in the Miocene deposits of Austria. Especially in the 80333 Munich, Germany Styrian Basin, diversified faunas document this superfamily, e-mail: [email protected] and show its importance for biostratigraphic purposes (Mottl M. Aiglstorfer : M. Böhme 1970; Van der Made 1998a). These finds are most often Fachbereich Geowissenschaften, Eberhard Karls Universität historical and the exact stratigraphic and faunal context is Tübingen, Sigwartstraße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany poorly documented, at least to modern standards. It is the M. Aiglstorfer contrary in the early late Sarmatian s. str. fossil locality of e-mail: [email protected] Gratkorn, where a large panel of plants, invertebrates and M. Böhme micro- and macrovertebrates have been brought to light (e.g. e-mail: [email protected] Gross et al. 2007, 2011; Harzhauser et al. 2008; Böhme et al. 2014, this issue). The geologic and sedimentary setting, as M. Aiglstorfer : M. Böhme Senckenberg Center for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment well as the stratigraphy of Gratkorn, is described by Gross (HEP), Sigwartstraße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany et al. (2011; 2014, this issue). In the context of this special issue, which proposes a complete integrated overview of the M. Gross terrestrial fauna from Gratkorn, we present here the well- Department for Geology and Palaeontology, Universalmuseum Joanneum, Weinzöttlstrasse16, 8045 Graz, Austria preserved suids from Gratkorn, their taxonomy and e-mail: [email protected] autecology. Palaeobio Palaeoenv Methods and material Parachleuastochoerus steinheimensis Pa. steinheimensis olujici Przeworno Wissberg The nomenclature of the dental elements and measurement Esselborn methods follow Van der Made (1996). The measurements are Steinheim Hollabrunn indicated by the following acronyms: Doué-la-Fontaine Wartenberg, La Chaux-de-Fonds Hinterauerbach Gratkorn D Depth of the mandible, measured on the lingual side, Charmoille La Grive below the different cheek teeth. Bonnefont DAP Antero-posterior diameter. Lucane DAPd DAP at the distal end of a bone. Can Almiral Arroyo del Val I, IV, VI, DLL Linguo-labial diameter in incisors. Manchones I, II DMD Mesio-distal diameter in incisors. DT Transverse diameter. San Quirze, Castell de Barberà, DTa DT of the anterior lobe of a tooth. Hostalets, Can Feliu, Can Llobateres DTd DT at the distal end of a bone. DTp DT of the posterior diameter of a tooth. DTpp DT of the third lobe of a tooth. Pa. huenermanni H Height of a tooth. Pa. crusafonti Ha H measured at the anterior lobe of a tooth and, in Wissberg lower molars, on the lingual side. Esselborn Atzelsdorf Charmoille Rudabánya Hli H of a premolar, measured on the lingual side. Breitenbrunn Doué-la-Fontaine Melchingen Li Width of the lingual side of a lower male canine. La Width of the labial side of a lower male canine. Po Width of the posterior side of a lower male canine. Seu d’Urgell Ri Radius of outer curvature of a lower male canine. Can Llobateres Sant Quirze, Castell de Barberà, & La Tarumba Ro Radius of inner curvature of a lower male canine. Santiga & Can Ponsic I W Width of the mandible, measured below the different cheek teeth. Ta Enamel thickness, measured at the anterior lobe of a molar, in lower molars on the lingual side. The fossils from Gratkorn are housed in the collections of Conohyus sp. Conohyus simorrensis the Universalmuseum Joanneum in Graz (Geology & Conohyus giganteus ()C. ebroensis Kleineisenbach, Palaeontology), Austria (UMJGP) and in the Paläontologische Pischelsberg, Sammlung der Universität Tübingen, Germany (GPIT). Hommes, Channay Urlau, Tutzinbg Klein Hadersdorf, Pitten Elgg Comparative material of Listriodontinae is reported by Van Montejo de Göriach, Au, St. Oswald, Rosenthal der Made (1996). In the following, the comparative material for la Vega Mala Miliva El Buste tetraconodontine suids and for Propotamochoerus Simorre, Villefrance, Sansan, palaeochoerus is listed in alphabetical order and the corre- Le Fousseret Nuri Yamut (?) Pasalar Mira sponding collections or publications are indicated. For the Bâlâ (?) Fonte do geographic position of the tetraconodontine localities see Fig. 1. Pinheiro Puente de Vallecas, Somosaguas, Alhambra Parachleuastochoerus steinheimensis Fig. 1 The geographic position of Gratkorn and of selected localities Arroyo del Val I IVAU with Tetraconodontinae in Europe and Anatolia Arroyo del Val IV IVAU Arroyo del Val VI IVAU Bonnefont MNHN Esselborn HLD Can Feliu IPS Hinterauerbach SNSB-BSPG Can Almirall IPS Hollabrunn (Oberhollabrunn) IPUW Can Llobateres IPS Hostalets IPS Castell de Barberà IPS La Grive (old collections) MGL, IGF Charmoille NMM (cast) La Chaux de Fonds MHNCHF Doué-la-Fontaine MNHN Manchones I IVAU, IPS Palaeobio Palaeoenv Manchones II IVAU Tutzing NMB (cast) Przeworno 1 ISEAK Urlau SNSB-BSPG Przeworno 2 ISEAK Villefranche d’Astarac MNHN San Quirze MLGSB, IPS, CVB Conohyus giganteus Steinheim SMNS, NMB, MGL Wartenberg SNSB-BSPG El Buste MPZ Wissberg NMM, HLD Fonte do Piheiro GML Pa. steinheimensis olujici Propotamochoerus palaeochoerus Lucane Bernor et al. (2004) Ballestar IPS Can Ponsic I IPS Parachleuastochoerus huenermanni (“Pa. kretzoi”) Can Llobateres IPS Breitenbrunn Heissig (1989) Castell de Barberà IPS Can Ponsic I IPS Doué-la-Fontaine MNHN Castell de Barberà IPS Eppelsheim HLD Charmoille HLD (cast) Esselborn HLD Doué-la-Fontaine MNHN (cast) Gaiselberg HLD Esselborn FISF, HLD Gau Weinheim SNSB-BSPG, HLD ?Melchingen GPIT Götzendorf NMW Rudabánya* HGSB Grossmugl NMW San Quirze IPS Grytsev Van der Made et al. (1999) Seu d’Urgell MLGSB Hennersdorf NMW Vösendorf NMW Hostalets IPS, CVB Wissberg NMM, HLD Johnsdorf UMJGP Mariathal IPUW Parachleuastochoerus crusafonti Magersdorf NMW, IPUW Can Llobateres IPS Montréjeau NMB La Tarumba IPS München U-Bahntunnel SNSB-BSPG Steineberg/Edelstahl NMW Conohyus simorrensis Rudabánya HGSB Alhambra MNCN Vareille Au UMJGP Vösendorf NMW, IPUW Bâlâ MTA Wien XII St. Oswald NMW ?Channay Ginsburg (1977) Wissberg NMM, HLD Elgg NMB The collections are indicated with the following acronyms: Göriach UMJGP, IGGML, NMW, NMB Hommes Ginsburg (1977) Klein Hadersdorf I PUW SNSB- Staatliche Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen Kleineisenbach SNSB-BSPG BSPG Bayerns, Bayerische Staatssammlung für ?Lublé Ginsburg (1977) Paläontologie und Geologie, München, Le Fousseret MNHN Germany Mira IPS CVB Collection Villalta, Barcelona. Montejo de la Vega MNCN EUI Ege Universitesi, Izmir. Nuri Yamut EUI FISF Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Frankfurt; Paşalar PDTCFAU, PIMUZ presently Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Pitten IPUW Naturmuseum Frankfurt Pischelsberg SNSB-BSPG GML Geological Museum Lisbon. Puende de Vallecas MNCN GPIT Paläontologische Sammlung der Universität Rosenthal UMJGP Tübingen, Germany. Sansan Ginsburg (1977) HGSB Hungarian Geological Survey, Budapest. Simorre MNHN HLD Hessisches Landesmuseum, Darmstadt. Somosaguas UCM IGF Istituto di Geologia, now Museo di Storia St. Oswald UMJGP Naturale, Firenze. Palaeobio Palaeoenv IGGML Institut für Geowissenschaften/Geologie der Listriodon splendens Meyer, 1846 Montanuniversität, Leoben. IPS Instituto de Paleontología, Sabadell. 2011 Listriodon splendens - Gross et al., figs. 4a,b. IPUW Institut für Paläontologie der Universität, Wien (Vienna). A lengthy synonymy was given by Van der Made (1996,pp. ISEAK Institute of Systematics
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