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Philosciids with Pleopodal Lungs from Brazil, with Description of a New

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Philosciids with Pleopodal Lungs from Brazil, with Description of a New Contributions to Zoology, 68 (2) 109-141 (1999) SPB Academic Publishing bv, The Hague Philosciids with pleopodal lungs from Brazil, with description of a new species (Crustacea, Isopoda) Paula+Beatriz Araujo¹ & Andreas Leistikow² 1 de Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Av. Paulo Gama, Departamento Zoologia, IB, Sul, pr. 12105, 2 CEP 90040-060, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, e-mail: [email protected]; Universitdt Bielefeld, Ab- teilung fur Zoomorphologie und Systematik, Morgenbreede 45, D-33615, Bielefeld, e-mail: leiste@ biologie. uni-bielefeld. de Keywords : Crustacea, Peracarida, Isopoda, philosciids, pleopodal lungs, biogeography, Brazil Abstract Introduction Several from in species of “philosciid” Oniscidea areknown Brazil, South America is especially rich “philosciid” most of them were found in the southern and eastern parts of Oniscidea, although our knowledge is far from being this The Atlantoscia Ferrara & Taiti, 1981, country. genera complete.' Several authors contributed to our knowl- Benthana Budde-Lund, 1908 and Balloniscus Budde-Lund, 1908, in the last but most of the older de- the latter Balloniscidae edge century, considered to represent a separate family the scriptions do not support phylogenetic evidence. Vandel, 1963, are considered only neotropical philosciids their bearing respiratory areas on pleopods. Therefore, represen- Budde-Lund (1908) was the first to discriminate tatives of these are re-examined to shed new light on genera subgenera among the species described as belonging the question whether these species can be considered to be a to Philoscia Latreille, 1804. His subgenera are now- monophylum with the autapomorphy “respiratory areas pres- elevated to generic rank. Lemos de Castro ent”, ofthe above-mentioned is adays The phytogeny genera discussed to under contributed our understanding of the morphological and biogeographical aspects. Furthermore, (1958a) a remarkable and limits of Benthana new species ofAtlantosciaFerrara & Taiti, 1981, specific generic (Budde- which bears pleopodal lungs in all five pairs of pleopods, is Lund, 1908), giving additional information to described. In to this it differs from its sister regard character, of this Gruner’s (1955) revision genus, although species Atlantoscia floridana (Van Name, 1940). Additionally, the are rather incomplete. In a later the descriptions hitherto unknown male of Benthana convexa Lemos de work, he clarified the status of Balloniscus sellowii Castro, 1958 will be described; it is evident that this species is different with its from its closest relative B. schubarti Lemos de Castro, (Brandt, 1833) puzzling synonymy (Lemos 1958, which is also found in Brazil, de Castro 1958b, 1976). Balloniscus Budde-Lund, 1885 was separated in its own family by Vandel that of (1963) mainly on the fact the species this Contents in all five of genus bear pleopodal lungs pairs pleopods. Since the occurrence of pleopodal lungs Abstract 109 in members of the so-called “Philosciidae”, par- Introduction 109 ticularly in the Afro-tropical genus Aphiloscia Systematics 110 is Genus Budde-Lund, 1908, nowadays recognized (Fer- Atlantoscia Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 110 Atlantoscia 110 rara et al. the of one or two genera rubromarginata n. sp. 1994), separation Atlantoscia floridana (Van Name, 1940) 117 in a family is rather unsatisfactory and even use- Genus Balloniscus 1885 123 Budde-Lund, less for reconstruction of phylogeny. Balloniscus sellowii 123 (Brandt, 1833) both Benthana and Balloniscus are typical gen- Genus Benthana Budde-Lund, 1908 131 era for the coastal Atlantic forests of Brazil where Benthana convexa Lemos de Castro, 1958 132 occur with Atlantoscia floridana Phylogenetic relationships 139 they together (Van Acknowledgements 140 Name, 1940). Four species of these genera are de- References 140 scribed in detail in the following, and their sys- Downloaded from Brill.com10/05/2021 03:16:23PM via free access - 110 P.B. Araujo & A. Leistikow Philosciids (Isopoda) from Brazil tematic position will be discussed with regards to nus are the shape ofthe dactylar seta, several sen- and of and with small sub- phylogenetic biogeographical aspects. sory spines carpus merus The following acronyms are used: MNRJ Museu apical tip (e.g., Fig. 8, Sc4), reduction of the tip Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; SMNS Staatliches on the medial endite of the maxillula, the lateral Museum fiir Naturkunde, Stuttgart, Germany; lobe of the maxilla apically truncate. UFRGS Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; ZMA Zoological Mu- The Netherlands. Atlantoscia seum Amsterdam, rubromarginata n. sp. (Figs. 1—5) Systematics Material, - Holotype O' 10 mm, Brazil, Sergipe State, Barra dos Coqueiros, 10°54’ S 37°03’ W, Mata Atlantica, on Hoen- coll. Ermnidada G. bergia ip., Dr. Concenjao Couto, 29.08.1995, Genus Atlantoscia Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 MNRJ 12332; paratypes 2 99 same data as holotype, MNRJ data 12333; paratypes 1c,399 (partially ovigerous), same - & 1984 Synonymy. Ocelloscia Schultz Johnson, collection as holotype, A. Leistikow; paratypes 1 o', 19, 19 (ovigerous), Brazil, Sergipe State, Crasto, soil, coll, P.B. Araujo A and C. SMNS T437. detailed diagnosis of this genus was given when Assis, 02.04.1998, Additional material: I O', 1 9,1 9 (ovigerous), Brazil, Sergipe the genus was first established (Ferrara & Taiti State, Crasto, soil, coll. P.B. Araujo and C. Assis, 02.04.1998, 1981) to comprise a species from Ascension Is- UFRGS 2319; 3 9 (ovigerous), same data, ZMA Is. 203915. land, which was thought to be identical with Philo- scia floridana Van Name, 1940by Lemos de Castro Color: Dorsally chestnut with lighter median area (1985). Some additions to the diagnosis should be and some non-pigmented spots on tergites, coxal made: Antennula with conical medial set of apex, plates marginally buff, in vivo reddish, cephalotho- aesthetascs paired and graded, antennal flagellum rax chestnut with many non-pigmented muscle with shorter than distal free apical organ article, insertion spots on vertex, pleon as pereion but only sensilla almost as long as cuticular sheath. Medial two paramedian pale spots on pleonite 1 and 2, endite of maxillula without medial lobe apical tip, ventrally yellowish. of maxilla with three of rows cusps, maxillipedal Cephalothorax: Without linea frontalis, linea su- basis with sulcus setal tuft of lateralis, proximal small lamina fron- pra-antennalis prominent, very of short and seta. Pereio- palp consisting a a long talis, vertex somewhat arched, small lateral lobes, pod I with transverse antenna-grooming of carpus compound eyes composed about 23 ommatidia brush ornamental seta apically double rostrally, arranged in four rows (Fig. 1, Ctf). fringed with long inner claw, serrate, dactylus Pereion: Tegument rather smooth and shiny with seta with a small knob, i dactylar terminating only scattered tricorn-like setae, coxal plates I to V caudally rounded, V to VII caudally pointed, - Atlantoscia alceui Ferrara & Taiti, Type species. bearing sulcus marginalis, few gland pores and 1981 ofPhiloscia Van (junior synonym floridana noduli laterales; nodulus lateralis of coxal plate Name, 1940), by monotypy IV more dorsally than the others (Fig. 5, Cx4). Pleon: Set back from pereion, neopleurae of pleon - Remarks. Atlantoscia Ferrara & Taiti, 1981 be- 3 5 segments to conspicuous, pleotelson with con- to a line different from of the longs phyletic most cave lateral margins, bearing tricorn-like setae. neotropical philosciid Oniscidea and characterized Antennula: Tri-articulate with distal article coni- the by shape of the antennula, the structure of the form, almost of half the length of appendage, of the apical organ antenna, and the short noduli medially bearing three sets ofaesthetascs and apical laterales. The of the structure cephalothorax is quite set (Fig. I, Anl). similar to several smaller of the Andes genera (pers. Antenna: Rather slender, flagellum tri-articu- and all these structures obs.), comprise plesio- late, as long as peduncular article 5 proximal article , morphies. The apomorphic characters of this the distal short ge- longest, joint bearing apical organ Downloaded from Brill.com10/05/2021 03:16:23PM via free access Contributions to Zoology, 68 (2) - 1999 Ill Fi in 1. An2 Ctf in frontal view; Had habitus dorsal S■ Atlantoscia rubromarginata n. sp. Anl antennula; antenna; cephalothorax Vl Hal ew; habitus in lateral view; Tel pleotelson. Downloaded from Brill.com10/05/2021 03:16:23PM via free access - Philosciids Brazil 112 P.B. Araujo & A. Leistikow (Isopoda) from 2. Allantoscia 10 Mdl/r left and mandible; with detail of endite Fig. rubromarginata n. sp, Holotype cc mm. right Mxp maxillipede in rostral Mxl maxillula with detail of of lateral Mx2 maxilla. view; apex endite; Downloaded from Brill.com10/05/2021 03:16:23PM via free access Contributions to Zoology, 68 (2) - 1999 113 Fig 3. Atlantoscia 10 Dac in rostral PEI-4 1-4 caudal rubromarginata n. sp. Holotype cr mm. dactylus view; pereiopods view, etails in rostral Scl ornamental of Sdl seta of Sm4 of view; sensory spine carpus 1; dactylar dactylus 1; sensory spine merus 4; Spl sensory of spine propus 1. Downloaded from Brill.com10/05/2021 03:16:23PM via free access 114 P.B. Araujo & A. Leistikow - Philosciids (Isopoda) from Brazil with long free basal sensilla. Length ratio of pe- “Trachealfeldleiste” of Verhoeff(1920). This term duncular articles 1 to 5 is 1 : 2 : 2 : 4 : 5, all ar- is more descriptive than “dorsal ridge” as used by ticles bearing tricorn-like setae (Fig.
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