In the United States Patent and Trademark Office ______

IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE ______

Applicant: Covert Scouting Cameras, Inc. Examiner: Evin L. Kozak Serial No.: 88/081,699 Law Office: 100 Filed: August 16, 2018 Mark: COVERT & Design ______

RESPONSE TO OFFICE ACTION

Applicant responds to the Office Action dated December 10, 2018, as follows.

Response to Specimen Refusal and Amendment to Drawing of Mark

The Examining Attorney refused the specimen submitted with Applicant’s application based on a mismatch with the drawing of the mark. Because the mismatch is not material, the Office Action stated that Applicant may submit a new drawing of the mark that agrees with the specimen. TMEP § 807.12.

Therefore, Applicant submits the below amended drawing of the mark (“Applicant’s Amended Mark”) to match the specimen, and amends the description of the mark to state: “The mark consists of the stylized wording “COVERT SCOUTING CAMERAS” superimposed on red upper and lower ellipses, with the stylized letters of COVERT formed by black disjointed shapes with white outlines, and the stylized letters of SCOUTING CAMERAS in camouflage-style white-and-grey with black outlines.”

Response to Advisory of Prior-Filed Application under Section 2(d)

The Examining Attorney issued an advisory of a prior-filed application under Section 2(d), citing Serial No. 87895843. USPTO records show that Serial No. 87/895,843 was abandoned as of February 28, 2019. Therefore, Applicant requests that this advisory be withdrawn.

Response to Likelihood of Confusion Refusal under Section 2(d)

The Examining Attorney initially refused registration under Section 2(d) for likelihood of confusion, citing the mark COVERTCASE, Reg. No. 5104535 (“Cited Mark” and “Cited Registration”), for the goods “protective carrying cases for electronic devices and electronic accessories; protective carrying cases for GPS equipment and GPS tracking devices” (the “Cited Goods”). Applicant respectfully submits there is no likelihood of confusion and the refusal should be withdrawn for the ACTIVE 44092894v3 1

following reasons.

I. There is No Likelihood of Confusion with the Cited Mark.

A likelihood of confusion under Section 2(d) is not established by a “mere possibility,” but instead requires probable confusion. Bongrain Intl (Am.) Corp. v. Delice de France, Inc., l USPQ2d 1775, 1779 (Fed. Cir. 1987). To determine whether a likelihood of confusion exists, it is helpful to consider the “du Pont” factors established by In re E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., 177 USPQ 563 (CCPA 1973); see TMEP § 1207.01. Here, the du Pont factors that are most relevant to the lack of a likelihood of confusion are: the number and nature of similar marks in use and registered for similar goods; the dissimilarity of the marks; and the lack of sufficient relatedness of the goods. See du Pont, 177 USPQ 563 (CCPA 1973); TMEP § 1207.01.

Here, there is no likelihood of confusion for at least three reasons:

- The Cited Mark is weak and has a narrow scope of protection based on the peacefully co•existing third-party uses and third-party registrations of marks containing “COVERT”;

- Applicant’s Amended Mark and the Cited Mark are significantly dissimilar in their visual appearance, sound, meaning, and commercial impression, especially in light of the weak and narrow protection of the term “COVERT”; and

- Applicant’s goods and the goods identified in the Cited Registration are not sufficiently related to result in a likelihood of confusion, especially in light of the dissimilarities of the marks and the weak and narrow protection of the term “COVERT.”

A. There Is Significant Third-party Use of Similar Marks for Similar Goods.

There is significant evidence of third-party use of marks containing “COVERT” for goods in related fields, which is “relevant to show that a mark is relatively weak and entitled to only a narrow scope of protection.” Juice Generation, Inc. v. GS Enterprises LLC, 794 F.3d 1334, 1338 (Fed. Cir. 2015) (citation omitted) (holding that the Board gave inadequate consideration to the weakness of a mark based on third-party use); TMEP § 1207.0l(d)(iiii).

If multiple third parties in related fields use marks containing a shared term, such as “COVERT” here, consumers become conditioned to look to other elements of the mark to distinguish the source. In re Broadway Chicken Inc., 38 USPQ2d 1559, 1565-66 (TTAB 1996). Considering this, the Federal Circuit has held that such shared terms are entitled to a narrow scope of protection. Palm Bay Imports, Inc., 73 USPQ2d at 1693; see also In re Coors Brewing Co., 68 USPQ2d 1059, 1063 (Fed. Cir. 2003). The presence of third-party marks must be considered in a likelihood of confusion analysis. See Lloyd’s Food Prod., Inc. v. Eli’s, Inc., 25 USPQ2d 2027 (Fed. Cir. 1993) (reversing the Board’ s failure to consider third-party evidence).

Shown below in Table 1 and attached as Exhibit A are third-party registrations, and printouts of Internet

ACTIVE 44092894v3 2

evidence showing use, for marks that share the term “COVERT” for goods related to the Cited Goods. These co-existing uses and registrations weaken and dilute the term “COVERT” and the Cited Mark containing that term. In re Broadway Chicken Inc., 38 USPQ2d at 1565-66. Indeed, as demonstrated in the table below and Exhibit A, the use of “COVERT” in the category of the Cited Goods, particularly cases or bags, is quite common and widespread, typically as a descriptive reference to the bag/case being inconspicuous, compact and concealing the nature of the contents within. As just one example among others, the webpage printout in Exhibit A from www.waypointtracking.com refers descriptively to a case for GPS surveillance devices as having a “covert design.”

Table 1: Third-Party Registrations and Uses Mark Reg. Relevant Goods/Services Owner No. and Documents Showing Use COVERTTRACK 3611167 Global positioning system (GPS); Vehicle locator Covert and recovery device programmed to use global Track GPS positioning systems (GPS) and cellular Products telecommunications. (Class 9) DBA GPS Intel, LLC See attached website printout: http://corporate.coverttrack.com/Home/About COVERTWARE 4679367 Unattended ground sensor systems comprised of SRCTEC, electronic transmitter devices that receive information Inc. from sensors and communicate this information to monitoring devices including handheld monitoring devices or to a central access node for monitoring by a personal computer. (Class 9)

See attached product catalog.

COVERT 4393203 Bags specially adapted for sports equipment… (Class Warrior 28) Sports, Inc.

See attached website printout: http://www.davessportshop.net/Warrior-Covert-Carry- Hockey-Bag_p_5772.html COVERTEC Cases for electronic devices, namely mobile phones. See attached website printout: https://www.amazon.com/Covertec-SX22818-Leather-case- iPhone/dp/B001T5H4E0

ACTIVE 44092894v3 3

COVERT CASE Travel bags. C/O See attached website printout: https://arcteryx.com/us/en/shop/covert-case-c-o EXTENDED Cases for electronic devices, namely GPS devices. COVERT GPS See attached website printout: MAGNETIC https://www.waypointtracking.com/copy-of-covert-gps-case CASE OGIO COVERT Laptop computer backpacks and bags. PACK See attached website printout: https://www.walmart.com/ip/OGIO-Covert-Pack-for-15-Laptop-Unisex- BACKPACK-BAG/194877795 COVERT Cases for electronic devices, namely mobile phones. See attached website printout: http://covertaccessories.com/covert-range/hybrid-for-phone/ DANGO Cases for electronic devices, namely mobile phones. COVERT See attached website printout: https://www.theartofrefinement.com/collections/phone-case/products/phone- case-dango-covert-for-iphone-6-7-8-plus GHOSTEK Cases for electronic devices, namely mobile phones. COVERT 2 See attached website printout: SERIES https://www.amazon.com/Ghostek-Covert-Ultra-Shockproof- Protective/dp/B077YS76Y6 COVERT BAGS Tactical bags, backpacks, and pouches See attached website printout: https://covertbags.com/products/511-tactical-rush-moab-6-sling-pack KARRIMOR Backpacks. COVERT See attached website printout: BACKPACK https://www.ems.com/karrimor-covert-backpack/2047027.html BULLETBLOCK Backpacks. ER COVERT See attached website printout: BACKPACK https://lovingshield.com/product/bulletblocker-nij-iiia-bulletproof-covert- backpack/ COVERT Bags. DUFFLE BAG See attached website printout: https://www.rawlings.com/product/COVERT-N.html ACTIVE 44092894v3 4

The above Table 1 and Exhibit A demonstrate numerous co-existing third-party uses of “COVERT” for goods related to the Cited Goods, especially cases and bags. Thus, the Cited Mark containing “COVERT,” plus the generic word “CASE,” is weak and entitled to a very narrow scope of protection, which dispels any likelihood of confusion with Applicant’s significantly dissimilar mark, COVERT SCOUTING CAMERAS & Design.

Furthermore, it would be inconsistent for the USPTO to refuse registration of Applicant’s Amended Mark based on the Cited Mark, after the USPTO registered the Cited Mark COVERTCASE for “protective carrying cases for GPS equipment and GPS tracking devices,” despite the previous registration above for COVERTTRACK for “vehicle locator and recovery device programmed to use global positioning systems (GPS).” Although each application is decided on its own merits, the USPTO strives for consistency of examination. USPTO Consistency Initiative, www.uspto.gov/trademark/trademark-updates-and- announcements/consistency-initiative (providing applicant may submit to the USPTO a Request for Consistency Review of inconsistent action on substantive or procedural issues); cf, e.g., In re Women’s Publishing Co., 23 USPQ2d 1876, 1878 (TTAB 1992) (“[I]t certainly does appear that the Office has in the past taken a different position with respect to marks of the nature of applicant’s.”).

B. Applicant’s Amended Mark and the Cited Mark Are Dissimilar.

In evaluating whether word marks are similar for the likelihood-of-confusion analysis, the Examining Attorney should consider several elements, including visual appearance, sound, meaning, and overall commercial impression. TMEP § 1207.0l(b)(i).

“Similarity of the marks in one respect - sight, sound, or meaning - will not automatically result in a determination that confusion is likely even if the goods are identical or closely related.” Id.; e.g., In re Sears, Roebuck & Co., 2 USPQ2d 1312 (TTAB 1987).

The test for a likelihood of confusion is whether the marks create the same overall impression based on all relevant factors. Recot, Inc. v. M.C. Becton, 54 U.S.P.Q.2d 1894, 1890 (Fed. Cir. 2000). The marks should not be dissected into their component parts but rather must be compared “in their entireties as to appearance, sound, connotation and commercial impression.” Palm Bay Imports Inc. v. Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin Maison Fondee En 1772, 73 U.S.P.Q.2d 1689, 1691 (Fed. Cir. 2005).

When the marks are examined in their entireties, differences as seemingly small as one letter or one word can create sufficiently different overall commercial impressions such that a likelihood of confusion is avoided, even for closely related or identical goods. See, e.g., Swatch AG v. M.Z. Berger & Co., Inc., 108 U.S.P.Q.2d 1463 (T.T.A.B. 2013) (finding no likelihood of confusion between SWATCH and IWATCH for identical watch goods); Champagne Louis Roedere SA. v. Delicato Vineyards, 148 F.3d 1373 (Fed. Cir. 1998) (finding CRISTAL for sparkling wine to create a different overall commercial impression ACTIVE 44092894v3 5

from CRYSTAL CREEK for wine); Citigroup Inc. v. Capital City Bank Group, Inc., 98 U.S.P.Q.2d 1253, 1261 (Fed. Cir. 2011) (finding no likelihood of confusion between applicant’s CAPITAL CITY BANK marks and opposer’s CITIBANK marks for identical financial services); In re Hearst Corp., 25 U.S.P.Q.2d 1238 (Fed. Cir. 1992) (VARGAS GIRL for calendars held not confusingly similar to VARGAS for calendars); In re Sears, Roebuck & Co., 2 U.S.P.Q.2d 1312 (T.T.A.B. 1987) (CROSS-OVER for bras held not likely to be confused with CROSSOVER for ladies’ sportswear).

1. The Marks Are Visually Different.

The substantial visual differences between Applicant’s Amended Mark and the Cited Mark cannot be overlooked. Even if marks contain some common matter, “[a]dditions or deletions” of letters or wording between marks “may be sufficient to avoid a likelihood of confusion…” TMEP § 1207.01(b)(iiii).

A difference as small as one letter between marks may be sufficient to avoid a likelihood of confusion, even for identical goods. See Swatch AG, 108 USPQ2d at 1465-66 (TTAB 2013). In Swatch AG, the only difference between the Applicant’s IWATCH mark and the opposer’s SWATCH mark was the use of an ‘I’ in place of an ‘S,’ which the Board held was sufficient to avoid a likelihood of confusion.

For example, the Federal Circuit has affirmed that the addition of one word between marks avoided confusing similarity, despite the marks being otherwise nearly identical, for the same category of alcoholic beverages. See Champagne Louis Roedere, 148 F.3d at 1373-74 (holding CRISTAL for sparkling wine not confusingly similar to CRYSTAL CREEK for wine).

Here, although the marks share the diluted and weak term “COVERT,” Applicant’s Amended Mark is visually distinguished by the addition of “SCOUTING CAMERAS,” whereas the Cited Mark is distinguished by the word “CASE.” Furthermore, “CASE” is not merely an extra word added to the Cited Mark, but rather is physically joined to “COVERT” without a space, thus creating a unitary compound word mark, COVERTCASE, which further distinguishes the Cited Mark. See TMEP 1213.05(a). Unitary marks such as the Cited Mark “create[] a commercial impression separate and apart” from each of the mark’s components, which should not be dissected and examined in isolation. See TMEP § 1213.05. Thus, the Examining Attorney should not dissect the word “COVERT” in the Cited Mark and compare it to Applicant’s Amended Mark. Finally, Applicant’s Amended Mark is even further distinguished by the design elements incorporated in the mark.

These visual differences of the marks, taken as a whole, result in distinct commercial impressions, particularly in light of the weak nature of the term COVERT.

ACTIVE 44092894v3 6

2. The Marks are Different in Meaning.

Applicant’s Amended Mark suggestively refers to the nature and purpose of Applicant’s goods, which are remote trail cameras used for hunting, in which the cameras are placed at hidden locations along hunting trails and remotely viewed by the hunter to surreptitiously track the movement of animals. Attached as Exhibit B is a copy of a catalog showing how Applicant’s goods are used. In this context, the term “COVERT” in Applicant’s Amended Mark suggestively refers to the disguised and surreptitious nature of the hunting activities and remote trail photography for which Applicant’s goods are used. See Exhibit C (Dictionary.com, defining “covert” as “concealed; secret; disguised”).

Moreover, SCOUTING is defined as “to observe in order to obtain information or evaluate”; and “to explore in order to obtain information.” See Exhibit D (definition of “scout” or “scouting” by Merriam-Webster Dictionary). Furthermore, the meaning and historical use of the term “scouting” evokes a focus on outdoor sporting and hunting, particularly in the wilderness. See Exhibit E (excerpt from Wikipedia article on “scouting” which is “a movement with a strong focus on the outdoors…”). This outdoor sporting and hunting meaning is reinforced by the camouflage style and font of the term “SCOUTING CAMERAS” in Applicant’s Amended Mark, with the red swirling design also alluding to the blood of the hunted animals.

Thus, Applicant’s Amended Mark suggestively refers to Applicant’s digital cameras being used to remotely obtain information about animals for disguised outdoor sporting and hunting, by installing and remotely viewing cameras installed along a hunting trail.

By contrast, the Cited Mark evokes none of the same or similar meanings focusing on concealed photography for outdoor sporting and hunting. The term “CASE” in the Cited Mark merely refers to a “container.” See Exhibit F (definition of “case” by The Free Dictionary). And the unitary mark COVERTCASE, in the context of the Cited Goods, merely refers descriptively to the inconspicuous nature and purpose of the container, which hides the nature of the valuable contents therein, as demonstrated by the widespread third- party uses of the diluted term “COVERT” for cases and bags in Table 1 and Exhibit A.

Thus, the meaning of the marks is entirely different, with Applicant’s Amended Mark suggesting remote trail cameras for concealed outdoor hunting surveillance, and the Cited Mark referring to inconspicuous cases that disguise the contents therein. These significant differences in meaning weigh against a likelihood of confusion.

3. The Marks are Different in Sound.

Even minor differences in sound may be sufficient to avoid likelihood of confusion, even for related goods. E.g., Lever Bros. Co. v. Babson Bros. Co., 94 USPQ 161, 163 (CCPA 1952) (no likelihood of confusion between SURF and SURGE, both for detergent).

ACTIVE 44092894v3 7

The sound of Applicant’s Amended Mark is substantially different from that of the Cited Mark. Applicant’s Amended Mark consists of three words and seven syllables. By contrast, the Cited Mark is a single unitary word consisting of three syllables. The different sounds in each mark—“CASE” in the Cited Mark and “SCOUTING CAMERAS” in Applicant’s Amended Mark—are nothing alike. These differences in sound weigh against a finding of a likelihood of confusion.

C. Applicant’s Goods and the Cited Goods Are Not Sufficiently Related to Result in a Likelihood of Confusion, Given the Dissimilarities of the Marks and the Weakness of “COVERT” for the Cited Goods.

Applicant’s goods and the Cited Goods are distinct categories of products typically sold under different marks by different owners. The Examining Attorney’s submission of merely two webpages from Nikon and Canon is not sufficient to establish relatedness.

Even if sometimes sold in the same stores, these types of goods are not sufficiently related to cause likely confusion here in light of the dissimilarities of the marks. See TMEP § 1207.01(b); Swatch AG, 108 USPQ2d at 1465-66 (no confusion between IWATCH and SWATCH mark for identical goods); In re Sears, Roebuck & Co., 2 USPQ2d at 1312 (no confusion between CROSS-OVER for bras CROSSOVER for ladies’ sportswear); Lever Bros., 94 USPQ at 163 (no likelihood of confusion between SURF and SURGE both for identical goods, detergent).

Simply put, there is no sufficient evidence of record showing that Applicant’s goods and the Cited Goods are related in such a way that they would be encountered by the same persons in situations that would create the incorrect assumption that they originate from the same source, particularly in light of the substantial dissimilarities of the mark. TMEP § 1207.01. This lack of direct relatedness weighs against a finding of likely confusion.

For these reasons, Applicant respectfully requests that the Examining Attorney reconsider and withdraw the refusal issued under Section 2(d) of the Lanham Act, and approve Applicant’s Amended Mark for publication.

ACTIVE 44092894v3 8

EXHIBIT A

6/21/2019 Status Search RN 3611167

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STATUS DOCUMENTS MAINTENANCE Back to Search Print

Generated on: This page was generated by TSDR on 2019-06-21 11:43:49 EDT

Mark: COVERTTRACK

US Serial Number: 77415397 Application Filing Date: Mar. 06, 2008

US Registration Number: 3611167 Registration Date: Apr. 28, 2009

Filed as TEAS Plus: Yes Currently TEAS Plus: Yes

Mark Type: Trademark

TM5 Common Status Descriptor: LIVE/REGISTRATION/Issued and Active

The trademark application has been registered with the Office.

Status: The registration has been renewed.

Status Date: May 10, 2018

Publication Date: Feb. 10, 2009

Mark Information

Mark Literal Elements: COVERTTRACK

Standard Character Claim: Yes. The mark consists of standard characters without claim to any particular font style, size, or color.

Mark Drawing Type: 4 - STANDARD CHARACTER MARK

Goods and Services

International Class(es): 009 - Primary Class U.S Class(es): 021, 023, 026, 036, 038

Class Status: ACTIVE

Basis: 1(a)

First Use: Oct. 01, 2006 Use in Commerce: Dec. 01, 2006

Basis Information (Case Level)

Filed Use: Yes Currently Use: Yes

Filed ITU: No Currently ITU: No

Filed 44D: No Currently 44E: No

Filed 44E: No Currently 66A: No

Filed 66A: No Currently No Basis: No

Filed No Basis: No

Current Owner(s) Information

Owner Name: COVERTTRACK GROUP, INC.

Owner Address: 15600 N. 78TH ST. SCOTTSDALE, ARIZONA UNITED STATES 85260

Legal Entity Type: CORPORATION State or Country Where Organized: ARIZONA

Attorney/Correspondence Information

Attorney of Record - None tsdr.uspto.gov/#caseNumber=3611167&caseSearchType=US_APPLICATION&caseType=US_REGISTRATION_NO&searchType=statusSearch 1/2 6/21/2019 Status Search RN 3611167

Correspondent

Correspondent Name/Address: GPSGIP, LLC 15600 N. 78th St. SCOTTSDALE, ARIZONA UNITED STATES 85260

Phone: 480-661-1916

Domestic Representative - Not Found

Prosecution History

Date Description Proceeding Number

Apr. 24, 2019 AUTOMATIC UPDATE OF ASSIGNMENT OF OWNERSHIP

May 10, 2018 NOTICE OF ACCEPTANCE OF SEC. 8 & 9 - E-MAILED

May 10, 2018 REGISTERED AND RENEWED (FIRST RENEWAL - 10 YRS) 67723

May 10, 2018 REGISTERED - SEC. 8 (10-YR) ACCEPTED/SEC. 9 GRANTED 67723

May 10, 2018 CASE ASSIGNED TO POST REGISTRATION PARALEGAL 67723

Apr. 30, 2018 TEAS SECTION 8 & 9 RECEIVED

Apr. 30, 2018 TEAS CHANGE OF CORRESPONDENCE RECEIVED

Apr. 28, 2018 COURTESY REMINDER - SEC. 8 (10-YR)/SEC. 9 E-MAILED

Feb. 28, 2018 TEAS CHANGE OF CORRESPONDENCE RECEIVED

Jun. 04, 2014 AUTOMATIC UPDATE OF ASSIGNMENT OF OWNERSHIP

Jun. 03, 2014 NOTICE OF ACCEPTANCE OF SEC. 8 & 15 - E-MAILED

Jun. 03, 2014 REGISTERED - SEC. 8 (6-YR) ACCEPTED & SEC. 15 ACK. 64591

Jun. 03, 2014 REGISTERED - SEC. 8 (6-YR) & SEC. 15 FILED 64591

Jun. 03, 2014 TEAS RESPONSE TO OFFICE ACTION-POST REG RECEIVED

May 31, 2014 POST REGISTRATION ACTION MAILED - SEC. 8 & 15 64591

May 30, 2014 CASE ASSIGNED TO POST REGISTRATION PARALEGAL 64591

May 08, 2014 TEAS SECTION 8 & 15 RECEIVED

May 08, 2014 TEAS CHANGE OF CORRESPONDENCE RECEIVED

Apr. 28, 2009 REGISTERED-PRINCIPAL REGISTER

Feb. 10, 2009 PUBLISHED FOR OPPOSITION

Jan. 21, 2009 NOTICE OF PUBLICATION

Jan. 05, 2009 LAW OFFICE PUBLICATION REVIEW COMPLETED 77075

Jan. 05, 2009 APPROVED FOR PUB - PRINCIPAL REGISTER

Dec. 16, 2008 LIE CHECKED SUSP - TO ATTY FOR ACTION 77075

Dec. 16, 2008 ASSIGNED TO LIE 77075

Jun. 16, 2008 NOTIFICATION OF LETTER OF SUSPENSION E-MAILED 6332

Jun. 16, 2008 LETTER OF SUSPENSION E-MAILED 6332

Jun. 16, 2008 SUSPENSION LETTER WRITTEN 78434

Jun. 16, 2008 ASSIGNED TO EXAMINER 78434

Mar. 12, 2008 NOTICE OF PSEUDO MARK MAILED

Mar. 11, 2008 NEW APPLICATION ENTERED IN TRAM

TM Staff and Location Information

TM Staff Information - None

File Location

Current Location: GENERIC WEB UPDATE Date in Location: May 10, 2018

Assignment Abstract Of Title Information - Click to Load

Proceedings - Click to Load

tsdr.uspto.gov/#caseNumber=3611167&caseSearchType=US_APPLICATION&caseType=US_REGISTRATION_NO&searchType=statusSearch 2/2

6/21/2019 Status Search RN 4679367

STATUS DOCUMENTS MAINTENANCE Back to Search Print

Generated on: This page was generated by TSDR on 2019-06-21 11:45:25 EDT

Mark: COVERTWARE

US Serial Number: 85855845 Application Filing Date: Feb. 21, 2013

US Registration Number: 4679367 Registration Date: Jan. 27, 2015

Mark Type: Trademark

TM5 Common Status Descriptor: LIVE/REGISTRATION/Issued and Active

The trademark application has been registered with the Office.

Status: Registered. The registration date is used to determine when post-registration maintenance documents are due.

Status Date: Jan. 27, 2015

Publication Date: Jul. 29, 2014 Notice of Allowance Date: Sep. 23, 2014

Mark Information

Mark Literal Elements: COVERTWARE

Standard Character Claim: Yes. The mark consists of standard characters without claim to any particular font style, size, or color.

Mark Drawing Type: 4 - STANDARD CHARACTER MARK

Goods and Services

Note: The following symbols indicate that the registrant/owner has amended the goods/services: Brackets [..] indicate deleted goods/services; Double parenthesis ((..)) identify any goods/services not claimed in a Section 15 affidavit of incontestability; and Asterisks *..* identify additional (new) wording in the goods/services. For: unattended ground sensor systems comprised of electronic transmitter devices that receive information from sensors and communicate this information to monitoring devices including handheld monitoring devices or to a central access node for monitoring by a personal computer

International Class(es): 009 - Primary Class U.S Class(es): 021, 023, 026, 036, 038

Class Status: ACTIVE

Basis: 1(a)

First Use: Jun. 02, 2014 Use in Commerce: Jun. 02, 2014

Basis Information (Case Level)

Filed Use: Yes Currently Use: Yes

Filed ITU: No Currently ITU: No

Filed 44D: No Currently 44E: No

Filed 44E: No Currently 66A: No

Filed 66A: No Currently No Basis: No

Filed No Basis: No

Current Owner(s) Information

Owner Name: SRCTec, Inc.

Owner Address: SUITE 7 7502 Round Pond Road North Syracuse, NEW YORK UNITED STATES 13212

Legal Entity Type: CORPORATION State or Country Where Organized: NEW YORK

Attorney/Correspondence Information

Attorney of Record tsdr.uspto.gov/#caseNumber=4679367&caseSearchType=US_APPLICATION&caseType=US_REGISTRATION_NO&searchType=statusSearch 1/2 6/21/2019 Status Search RN 4679367

Attorney Name: Fred J.M. Price Docket Number: 700T123

Attorney Primary Email Address: [email protected] Attorney Email Authorized: Yes

Correspondent

Correspondent Name/Address: FRED J.M. PRICE BOND, SCHOENECK & KING PLLC 1 LINCOLN CTR STE 1800 SYRACUSE, NEW YORK UNITED STATES 13202-1355

Phone: 315-218-8000 Fax: 315-218-8100

Correspondent e-mail: [email protected] Correspondent e-mail Authorized: Yes

Domestic Representative - Not Found

Prosecution History

Date Description Proceeding Number

Jan. 27, 2015 REGISTERED-PRINCIPAL REGISTER

Dec. 20, 2014 NOTICE OF ACCEPTANCE OF STATEMENT OF USE E-MAILED

Dec. 19, 2014 ALLOWED PRINCIPAL REGISTER - SOU ACCEPTED

Dec. 19, 2014 STATEMENT OF USE PROCESSING COMPLETE 69302

Nov. 20, 2014 USE AMENDMENT FILED 69302

Dec. 19, 2014 CASE ASSIGNED TO INTENT TO USE PARALEGAL 69302

Nov. 20, 2014 TEAS STATEMENT OF USE RECEIVED

Sep. 23, 2014 NOA E-MAILED - SOU REQUIRED FROM APPLICANT

Jul. 29, 2014 OFFICIAL GAZETTE PUBLICATION CONFIRMATION E-MAILED

Jul. 29, 2014 PUBLISHED FOR OPPOSITION

Jul. 09, 2014 NOTIFICATION OF NOTICE OF PUBLICATION E-MAILED

Jun. 23, 2014 LAW OFFICE PUBLICATION REVIEW COMPLETED 70997

Jun. 16, 2014 APPROVED FOR PUB - PRINCIPAL REGISTER

Jun. 13, 2014 TEAS/EMAIL CORRESPONDENCE ENTERED 70997

Jun. 13, 2014 CORRESPONDENCE RECEIVED IN LAW OFFICE 70997

Jun. 12, 2014 ASSIGNED TO LIE 70997

Jun. 02, 2014 TEAS REQUEST FOR RECONSIDERATION RECEIVED

Dec. 04, 2013 NOTIFICATION OF FINAL REFUSAL EMAILED

Dec. 04, 2013 FINAL REFUSAL E-MAILED

Dec. 04, 2013 FINAL REFUSAL WRITTEN 89011

Nov. 26, 2013 TEAS/EMAIL CORRESPONDENCE ENTERED 88889

Nov. 26, 2013 CORRESPONDENCE RECEIVED IN LAW OFFICE 88889

Nov. 26, 2013 TEAS RESPONSE TO OFFICE ACTION RECEIVED

Jun. 07, 2013 NOTIFICATION OF NON-FINAL ACTION E-MAILED 6325

Jun. 07, 2013 NON-FINAL ACTION E-MAILED 6325

Jun. 07, 2013 NON-FINAL ACTION WRITTEN 89011

Jun. 06, 2013 ASSIGNED TO EXAMINER 89011

Feb. 28, 2013 NEW APPLICATION OFFICE SUPPLIED DATA ENTERED IN TRAM

TM Staff and Location Information

TM Staff Information - None

File Location

Current Location: PUBLICATION AND ISSUE SECTION Date in Location: Dec. 19, 2014

Assignment Abstract Of Title Information - Click to Load

Proceedings - Click to Load

tsdr.uspto.gov/#caseNumber=4679367&caseSearchType=US_APPLICATION&caseType=US_REGISTRATION_NO&searchType=statusSearch 2/2 CovertWARE® UGS System

The CovertWARE unattended ground sensor (UGS) system offers a simple, yet highly efficient method of monitoring tactical areas of interest for force protection and counter operations.

PIR sensor

STM

HHDA

The CovertWARE UGS Force Protection is at the forefront of any rapid deployment. The occupation of hasty forward operating bases (FOBs) leaves teams exposed in the heart of enemy territory system provides tactical where insurgents have the upper hand with local ground knowledge. SRCTec’s CovertWARE UGS system provides tactical forces with a user-friendly, flexible and efficient forces with situational solution for monitoring vulnerable points in challenging environments. The CovertWARE awareness in local UGS system is designed with simplicity in mind, allowing the user to quickly adopt its operating procedures. It is lightweight and man portable, enabling a rapid deployment for and long range areas tasks anywhere around the globe. of interest. CovertWARE® UGS System

Sensor Transmitter Module Front-end Sensor Transmitter Modules (STMs) are covertly deployed and can be fitted with a variety of sensors. They are small, easy to conceal, and have a long mission life. STMs can transmit over long distances via radio-frequency (RF) to alert troops of any movement at specific locations. Sensor attachments available for this purpose include, but are not limited to: • Pressure mats and break wires for choke points • Passive infrared (PIR) sensors for wide area coverage View an electronic copy of this marketing insert sheet by • Vibration sensors for walking trails or small spaces scanning the QR code below Hand Held Deployment Aid with a code reader. The Hand Held Deployment Aid (HHDA) is a portable RF identification (RFID) device that can be used to: • Assist with the deployment of STMs by providing the user with a digital interface to confirm that the STM’s signal will be recieved • Determine the coverage area of the sensor in order to ensure that the tactical area of interest is protected For ordering information: • Test the link from different deployment locations back to the base monitoring 800-724-0451 site, due to its built-in STM [email protected] • Monitor locally deployed STMs in tactical environments such as FOBs and observation posts www.srcinc.com Central Access Node / Relay Device The TR3100 Central Access Node can be deployed at the receive site and work direct to a PC or act remotely as a relay. It can also use local GSM networks to transmit messages back to the user on their mobile device or at their base location. Optionally, a long range relay device, such as the TR5000, can be integrated for global satellite transmission of messages.

Base Location The deployed STMs can be monitored on a rugged PC at any base location. Each STM has a unique ID number and icons can be placed on the screen to show exact deployment locations (i.e., “Access Door 1”) overlaid on any imported map or image. “Confidence” messages are delivered every eight hours from the devices and there is also a separate “tamper” alert should something disturb the kit. These alerts can also be delivered to a mobile device via short message service, or SMS.

Minimum System Configurations

TR3100

STM HHDA TR5000 TR3100 Satellite Network STM HHDA Global Range

TR4500 TR3100 Satellite Network STM HHDA Middle East Coverage

TR5500 TR3100 RF Signal Rugged laptop with 40 Mile Line-of-Sight monitoring software STM HHDA Front End Location Back End Long Range Monitoring Sensors Signal Test Transmission Relay Devices Capability

6/21/2019 Status Search RN 4393203

STATUS DOCUMENTS MAINTENANCE Back to Search Print

Generated on: This page was generated by TSDR on 2019-06-21 11:49:27 EDT

Mark: COVERT

US Serial Number: 85547054 Application Filing Date: Feb. 20, 2012

US Registration Number: 4393203 Registration Date: Aug. 27, 2013

Filed as TEAS Plus: Yes Currently TEAS Plus: Yes

Mark Type: Trademark

TM5 Common Status Descriptor: LIVE/REGISTRATION/Issued and Active

The trademark application has been registered with the Office.

Status: A Sections 8 and 15 combined declaration has been accepted and acknowledged.

Status Date: Sep. 05, 2018

Publication Date: May 29, 2012 Notice of Allowance Date: Jul. 24, 2012

Mark Information

Mark Literal Elements: COVERT

Standard Character Claim: Yes. The mark consists of standard characters without claim to any particular font style, size, or color.

Mark Drawing Type: 4 - STANDARD CHARACTER MARK

Related Properties Information

International Registration Number: 1115672

International Application(s) A0028580/1115672 /Registration(s) Based on this Property:

Goods and Services

Note: The following symbols indicate that the registrant/owner has amended the goods/services: Brackets [..] indicate deleted goods/services; Double parenthesis ((..)) identify any goods/services not claimed in a Section 15 affidavit of incontestability; and Asterisks *..* identify additional (new) wording in the goods/services. For: Bags specially adapted for sports equipment; Elbow pads for athletic use; Goalkeepers' gloves; Hockey gloves; Hockey stick blades; Hockey stick shafts; Hockey sticks; Ice hockey goalie pads; Lacrosse gloves; Lacrosse stick handles; Lacrosse stick heads; Lacrosse stick strings; Lacrosse sticks; Protective padding for playing lacrosse, hockey and/or soccer; Shin guards for athletic use; Shin pads for athletic use; Shoulder pads for athletic use; Soccer balls

International Class(es): 028 - Primary Class U.S Class(es): 022, 023, 038, 050

Class Status: ACTIVE

Basis: 1(a)

First Use: May 01, 2013 Use in Commerce: May 01, 2013

Basis Information (Case Level)

Filed Use: No Currently Use: Yes

Filed ITU: Yes Currently ITU: No

Filed 44D: No Currently 44E: No

Filed 44E: No Currently 66A: No

Filed 66A: No Currently No Basis: No

Filed No Basis: No

Current Owner(s) Information tsdr.uspto.gov/#caseNumber=4393203&caseSearchType=US_APPLICATION&caseType=US_REGISTRATION_NO&searchType=statusSearch 1/2 6/21/2019 Status Search RN 4393203

Owner Name: Warrior Sports, Inc.

Owner Address: 32125 Hollingsworth Ave Warren, MICHIGAN UNITED STATES 48092

Legal Entity Type: CORPORATION State or Country Where Organized: MICHIGAN

Attorney/Correspondence Information

Attorney of Record

Attorney Name: Daniel J. McKinnon Docket Number: W86624.14828

Attorney Primary Email Address: [email protected] Attorney Email Authorized: Yes

Correspondent

Correspondent Name/Address: Daniel J. McKinnon New Balance Athletics, Inc. 100 Guest Street Boston, MASSACHUSETTS UNITED STATES 02135

Phone: 617.779.7623 Fax: 617.787.9355

Correspondent e-mail: [email protected] Correspondent e-mail Authorized: Yes [email protected] [email protected]

Domestic Representative - Not Found

Prosecution History

Date Description Proceeding Number

Sep. 05, 2018 NOTICE OF ACCEPTANCE OF SEC. 8 & 15 - E-MAILED

Sep. 05, 2018 REGISTERED - SEC. 8 (6-YR) ACCEPTED & SEC. 15 ACK. 76874

Sep. 05, 2018 CASE ASSIGNED TO POST REGISTRATION PARALEGAL 76874

Aug. 27, 2018 TEAS SECTION 8 & 15 RECEIVED

Aug. 27, 2018 COURTESY REMINDER - SEC. 8 (6-YR) E-MAILED

Aug. 27, 2013 REGISTERED-PRINCIPAL REGISTER

Jul. 26, 2013 NOTICE OF ACCEPTANCE OF STATEMENT OF USE E-MAILED

Jul. 25, 2013 LAW OFFICE REGISTRATION REVIEW COMPLETED 70138

Jul. 24, 2013 ALLOWED PRINCIPAL REGISTER - SOU ACCEPTED

Jul. 22, 2013 STATEMENT OF USE PROCESSING COMPLETE 66230

Jun. 27, 2013 USE AMENDMENT FILED 66230

Jul. 22, 2013 CASE ASSIGNED TO INTENT TO USE PARALEGAL 66230

Jun. 27, 2013 TEAS STATEMENT OF USE RECEIVED

Jun. 10, 2013 ATTORNEY/DOM.REP.REVOKED AND/OR APPOINTED

Jun. 10, 2013 TEAS REVOKE/APP/CHANGE ADDR OF ATTY/DOM REP RECEIVED

Jan. 24, 2013 NOTICE OF APPROVAL OF EXTENSION REQUEST E-MAILED

Jan. 22, 2013 EXTENSION 1 GRANTED 98765

Jan. 22, 2013 EXTENSION 1 FILED 98765

Jan. 22, 2013 TEAS EXTENSION RECEIVED

Jul. 24, 2012 NOA E-MAILED - SOU REQUIRED FROM APPLICANT

May 29, 2012 OFFICIAL GAZETTE PUBLICATION CONFIRMATION E-MAILED

May 29, 2012 PUBLISHED FOR OPPOSITION

May 09, 2012 NOTIFICATION OF NOTICE OF PUBLICATION E-MAILED

Apr. 23, 2012 LAW OFFICE PUBLICATION REVIEW COMPLETED 70138

Apr. 23, 2012 ASSIGNED TO LIE 70138

Mar. 29, 2012 APPROVED FOR PUB - PRINCIPAL REGISTER

Mar. 27, 2012 ASSIGNED TO EXAMINER 78426

Feb. 27, 2012 NEW APPLICATION OFFICE SUPPLIED DATA ENTERED IN TRAM

Feb. 23, 2012 NEW APPLICATION ENTERED IN TRAM

TM Staff and Location Information

TM Staff Information - None File Location

Current Location: TMEG LAW OFFICE 104 Date in Location: Sep. 05, 2018

Assignment Abstract Of Title Information - Click to Load

Proceedings - Click to Load

tsdr.uspto.gov/#caseNumber=4393203&caseSearchType=US_APPLICATION&caseType=US_REGISTRATION_NO&searchType=statusSearch 2/2 6/21/2019 Warrior Covert Carry Hockey Bag

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Description Full end skate/wet pockets AND Internal mesh skate and accessory pockets Durable and stylish mix of 600-denier and HEX1000 outer shell materials Dimensions: 34in. x 16in. x 18in. www.davessportshop.net/Warrior-Covert-Carry-Hockey-Bag_p_5772.html 1/2 6/21/2019 Warrior Covert Carry Hockey Bag

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RELATED WORDS

hidden, undercover, surreptitious, secret, privy, private, concealed, disguised, furtive, hush-hush, incognito, masked, stealthy, ulterior, underhand, unsuspected, veiled, buried, obscured, QT

NEARBY WORDS https://www.dictionary.com/browse/covert 1/5

EXHIBIT D

6/21/2019 Scout | Definition of Scout by Merriam-Webster

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verb (1) \ ˈskau̇ t \ scouted; scouting; scouts Definition of scout

(Entry 1 of 3)

intransitive verb

1 : to explore an area to obtain information (as about an enemy) 2a : to make a search b : to work as a talent scout

transitive verb

1 : to observe in order to obtain information or evaluate 2 : to explore in order to obtain information 3 : to find by making a search https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/scout 1/9 6/21/2019 Scout | Definition of Scout by Merriam-Webster scout

noun plural scouts

Definition of scout (Entry 2 of 3)

1a : one sent to obtain information especially : a soldier, ship, or plane sent out in war to reconnoiter b : watchman, lookout

c sports

(1) : a person sent out to secure firsthand information about the style of play, tactics, and strength of a rival (2) : a person sent out to obtain information about players by watching them in action with a view to making recommendations about the acquisition of players d : talent scout 2a : the act of scouting b : a scouting expedition : reconnaissance 3 often capitalized : a member of any of various scouting movements: such as a : boy scout b : girl scout 4 : individual, person —used chiefly in the phrase good scout

scout

verb (2) scouted; scouting; scouts

Definition of scout (Entry 3 of 3)

transitive verb

1 : mock 2 : to reject scornfully scouted his explanation as a shabby falsehood— Mark Twain

intransitive verb

: scoff Synonyms for scout

Synonyms: Noun

baby, being, bird, bod [British], body, character, cookie (or cooky), creature, customer, devil, duck, egg, face, fish, guy, head, human, human being, individual, life, man, mortal, party, person, personage, slob, sort, soul, specimen, stiff, thing, wight

Visit the Thesaurus for More First Known Use of scout

Verb (1)

14th century, in the meaning defined at intransitive sense 1

Noun

1534, in the meaning defined at sense 1a

Verb (2)

1605, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1 History and Etymology for scout

Verb (1)

Middle English, from Anglo-French escuter to listen, from Latin auscultare — more at auscultation

Verb (2)

probably of Scandinavian origin; akin to Old Norse skūti taunt; akin to Old English scēotan to shoot — more at shoot https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/scout 2/9

EXHIBIT E

6/21/2019 Scouting - Wikipedia

Scouting

Scouting or the Scout Movement is a movement with a strong focus on the outdoors and Scouting survival skills that aims to support young people in their physical, mental, and spiritual development so that they may play constructive roles in society. During the first half of the twentieth century, the movement grew to encompass three major age groups for boys (Cub Scout, Boy Scout, Rover Scout) and, in 1910, a new organization, Girl Guides, was created for girls (Brownie Guide, Girl Guide and Girl Scout, Ranger Guide). It is one of several worldwide youth organizations.

In 1906 and 1907 Robert Baden-Powell, a lieutenant general in the British Army, wrote a book for boys about reconnaissance and scouting. Baden-Powell wrote Scouting for Boys Country Worldwide (London, 1908), based on his earlier books about military scouting, with influence and United Kingdom (origin) support of Frederick Russell Burnham (Chief of Scouts in British Africa), Ernest Thompson Seton of the Woodcraft Indians, William Alexander Smith of the Boys' Brigade, and his Founded 1907 publisher Pearson. In the summer of 1907 Baden-Powell held a camp on Brownsea Island in Founder Robert Baden-Powell, England to test ideas for his book. This camp and the publication of Scouting for Boys are 1st Baron Baden-Powell generally regarded as the start of the Scout movement.

The movement employs the Scout method, a programme of informal education with an emphasis on practical outdoor activities, including camping, woodcraft, aquatics, hiking, backpacking, and sports. Another widely recognized movement characteristic is the Scout uniform, by intent hiding all differences of social standing in a country and making for equality, with neckerchief and campaign hat or comparable headwear. Distinctive uniform insignia include the fleur-de-lis and the trefoil, as well as badges and other patches.

The two largest umbrella organizations are the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM), for boys-only and co-educational organizations, and the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS), primarily for girls-only organizations but also accepting co-educational organizations. The year 2007 marked the centenary of Scouting worldwide, Leaders welcome a boy into and member organizations planned events to celebrate the occasion. Scouting, March 2010, Mexico City, Mexico

Contents

History Origins The original Scout law The promise of 1907 Movement Influences Movement characteristics Scout method Activities Uniforms and distinctive insignia Age groups and sections Adults and leadership Around the world Co-educational Membership https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scouting 1/17

EXHIBIT F

6/21/2019 Case - definition of case by The Free Dictionary Case - definition of case by The Free Dictionary https://www.thefreedictionary.com/case

Correct all you're your grammar errors instantly. Try it now.

case Also found in: Thesaurus, Medical, Legal, Financial, Acronyms, Idioms, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia. Related to case: Case grammar

1 case (kās) n. 1. An instance or occurrence of a particular kind or category: a case of mistaken identity. See Synonyms at example. 2. An occurrence of a disease or disorder: a mild case of flu. 3. A set of circumstances or a state of affairs; a situation: It may rain, in which case the hike will be canceled. 4. Actual fact; reality: We suspected the walls were hollow, and this proved to be the case. 5. A question or problem; a matter: It is simply a case of honor. 6. A situation that requires investigation, especially by a formal or official body. 7. Law a. An action or a suit or just grounds for an action. b. The facts or evidence offered in support of a claim. 8. A set of reasons or supporting facts; an argument: presented a good case for changing the law. 9. A person being assisted, treated, or studied, as by a physician, lawyer, or social worker. 10. Informal A peculiar or eccentric person; a character. 11. Linguistics a. In traditional grammar, a distinct form of a noun, pronoun, or modifier that is used to express one or more particular syntactic relationships to other words in a sentence. b. Case In some varieties of generative grammar, the thematic or semantic role of a noun phrase as represented abstractly but not necessarily indicated overtly in surface structure. In such frameworks, nouns in English have Case even in the absence of inflectional case endings. Idioms: in any case Regardless of what has occurred or will occur. in case 1. If it happens that; if: In case she dies without heirs, her money will go to charity. 2. To be prepared for the possibility that: bring the charger in case the battery runs low. 3. As a precaution: took along an umbrella, just in case. in case of If there should happen to be: a number to call in case of emergency. off (someone's) case No longer nagging or urging someone to do something. on (someone's) case Persistently nagging or urging someone to do something.

[Middle English cas, from Old French, from Latin cāsus, from past participle of cadere, to fall; see kad- in Indo-European roots.]

2 case (kās) n. 1. A container; a receptacle: a jewelry case; meat-filled cases of dough. 2. A container with its contents. 3. A decorative or protective covering or cover. 4. A set or pair: a case of pistols. 5. The frame or framework of a window, door, or stairway. 6. The surface or outer layer of a metal alloy. 7. Printing a. A shallow compartmented tray for storing type or type matrices. b. The form of a written, printed, or keyed letter that distinguishes it as being lowercase or uppercase: typed the password using the wrong case. tr.v. cased, cas·ing, cas·es 1. To put into or cover with a case; encase. 2. Slang To examine carefully, as in planning a crime: cased the bank before robbing it.

[Middle English, from Norman French casse, from Latin capsa.]

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

https://www.thefreedictionary.com/case 1/9 6/21/2019 Case - definition of case by The Free Dictionary

case (keɪs) n 1. a single instance, occurrence, or example of something 2. an instance of disease, injury, hardship, etc 3. a question or matter for discussion: the case before the committee. 4. a specific condition or state of affairs; situation 5. a set of arguments supporting a particular action, cause, etc 6. a. a person attended or served by a doctor, social worker, solicitor, etc; patient or client b. (as modifier): a case study. 7. (Law) a. an action or suit at law or something that forms sufficient grounds for bringing an action: he has a good case. b. the evidence offered in court to support a claim 8. (Grammar) grammar a. a set of grammatical categories of nouns, pronouns, and adjectives, marked by inflection in some languages, indicating the relation of the noun, adjective, or pronoun to other words in the sentence b. any one of these categories: the nominative case. 9. informal a person in or regarded as being in a specified condition: the accident victim was a hospital case; he's a mental case. 10. informal a person of a specified character (esp in the phrase a hard case) 11. informal an odd person; eccentric 12. informal US love or infatuation 13. (Firearms, Gunnery, Ordnance & Artillery) short for case shot See canister2b 14. as the case may be according to the circumstances 15. in any case (adverb) no matter what; anyhow: we will go in any case. 16. in case (adverb) a. in order to allow for eventualities b. (as conjunction) in order to allow for the possibility that: take your coat in case it rains. c. US if 17. in case of (preposition) in the event of 18. in no case (adverb) under no circumstances: in no case should you fight back.

[Old English casus (grammatical) case, associated also with Old French cas a happening; both from Latin cāsus, a befalling, occurrence, from cadere to fall]

case (keɪs) n 1. a. a container, such as a box or chest b. (in combination): suitcase; briefcase. 2. an outer cover or sheath, esp for a watch 3. a receptacle and its contents: a case of ammunition. 4. a pair or brace, esp of pistols 5. (Architecture) architect another word for casing3 6. (Printing, Lithography & Bookbinding) a completed cover ready to be fastened to a book to form its binding 7. (Printing, Lithography & Bookbinding) printing a tray divided into many compartments in which a compositor keeps individual metal types of a particular size and style. Cases were originally used in pairs, one (the upper case) for capitals, the other (the lower case) for small letters. See also upper case, lower case 8. (Metallurgy) metallurgy the surface of a piece of steel that has been case-hardened vb (tr) 9. to put into or cover with a case: to case the machinery. 10. slang to inspect carefully (esp a place to be robbed)

[C13: from Old French casse, from Latin capsa, from capere to take, hold]

Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

1 case (keɪs)

n. 1. an instance of the occurrence, existence, etc., of something: a case of poor judgment. 2. the actual state of things: That is not the case. 3. situation; circumstance; plight: a sad case. 4. a patient or client, as of a physician or social worker. 5. a specific occurrence or matter requiring discussion, decision, or investigation. 6. a statement of facts, reasons, etc., used to support an argument. 7. an instance of disease, injury, etc., requiring medical or surgical attention. 8. https://www.thefreedictionary.com/case 2/9 6/21/2019 Case - definition of case by The Free Dictionary

a. a suit or action at law; cause. b. a set of facts making up a claim or defense. 9. a. a category or set of categories in the inflection of nouns, pronouns, and adjectives indicating the syntactic relation of these words to other words in a sentence. b. the indication of such relations by other devices, as by the position of words in a sentence. 10. Informal. a peculiar or unusual person. Idioms: 1. get off someone's case, Slang. to stop nagging or criticizing someone. 2. in any case, regardless of circumstances; anyhow. 3. in case, if it should happen that; if. 4. in case of, in the event of; if there should be. 5. on someone's case, Informal. nagging or criticizing someone

[1225–75; < Anglo-French, Old French cas < Latin cāsus fall]

2 case (keɪs)

n., v. cased, cas•ing. n. 1. a container for enclosing something, as for carrying or safekeeping; receptacle. 2. a sheath or outer covering: a knife case. 3. a box with its contents: a case of soda. 4. the amount contained in a box or other container. 5. a pair or couple; brace: a case of pistols. 6. a surrounding frame or framework, as of a door. 7. a completed book cover ready to be fitted to form the binding. 8. a compartmented tray for holding printer's type, usu. arranged with one section (upper case) for capital letters and another (lower case) for small letters. 9. a cavity in the skull of a sperm whale, containing an oil from which spermaceti is obtained. 10. the hard outer part of a piece of casehardened steel. v.t. 11. to put or enclose in a case. 12. Slang. to examine or survey (a house, bank, etc.) esp. in planning a crime (sometimes fol. by out).

[1250–1300; Middle English cas < Anglo-French cas(s)e, Old French chasse < Latin capsa case for holding scrolls]

case 1. An intelligence operation in its entirety. 2. Record of the development of an intelligence operation, including personnel, modus operandi, and objectives.

Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms. US Department of Defense 2005.

Case set or pair; a box and its contents. See also brace.

Examples: case of books, 1639; of coxcombs; of instruments; of lies, 1599; of pistols, 1579; of rapiers, 1590; of teeth, 1824; of wine.

case 1. 'in case'

You use in case or just in case to say that someone has something or does something because a particular thing might happen. I've got the key in case we want to go inside. We tend not to go too far from the office, just in case there should be a bomb scare that would prevent us getting back.

Be Careful! After in case or just in case, you use a simple tense or should. You do not use 'will' or 'shall'.

Be Careful! You do not use 'in case' or 'just in case' to say that something will happen as a result of something else happening. You do not say, for example, 'I will go in case he asks me'. You say 'I will go if he asks me'. He qualifies this year if he gets through his exams. 2. 'in that case'

You say in that case or in which case to refer to a situation which has just been mentioned and to introduce a statement or suggestion that is a consequence of it. 'The bar is closed,' the waiter said. 'In that case,' McFee said, 'allow me to invite you back to my flat for a drink.' https://www.thefreedictionary.com/case 3/9 6/21/2019 Case - definition of case by The Free Dictionary

I greatly enjoy these meetings unless I have to make a speech, in which case I'm in a state of dreadful anxiety. 3. 'in this respect'

You do not use 'in this case' to refer to a particular aspect of something. For example, you do not say 'Most of my friends lost their jobs, but I was very lucky in this case'. You say 'Most of my friends lost their jobs, but I was very lucky in this respect'. The children are not unintelligent - in fact, they seem quite normal in this respect. But most of all, there is that intangible thing, the value of the brand. In this respect, Manchester United, the most famous football club in the world, is unique.

case Past participle: cased Gerund: casing

Imperative

Imperative case case

case The relationship that a word has to the other words in a sentence, often shown by the form the word takes.

Thesaurus Legend: ≡ Synonyms ↔ Related Words ≠ Antonyms

Switch to new thesaurus

Noun 1. case - an occurrence of something; "it was a case of bad judgment"; "another instance occurred yesterday"; "but there is always the famous example of the Smiths" ≡ instance, example ↔ happening, natural event, occurrence, occurrent - an event that happens ↔ humiliation, mortification - an instance in which you are caused to lose your prestige or self-respect; "he had to undergo one humiliation after another" ↔ bit, piece - an instance of some kind; "it was a nice piece of work"; "he had a bit of good luck" ↔ time, clip - an instance or single occasion for some event; "this time he succeeded"; "he called four times"; "he could do ten at a clip" 2. case - a special set of circumstances; "in that event, the first possibility is excluded"; "it may rain in which case the picnic will be canceled" ≡ event ↔ circumstance - a condition that accompanies or influences some event or activity 3. case - a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy; "the family brought suit against the landlord" ≡ causa, lawsuit, suit, cause ↔ civil suit - a lawsuit alleging violations of civil law by the defendant ↔ class action, class-action suit - a lawsuit brought by a representative member of a large group of people on behalf of all members of the group ↔ countersuit - a suit brought against someone who has sued you ↔ criminal suit - a lawsuit alleging violations of criminal law by the defendant ↔ moot - a hypothetical case that law students argue as an exercise; "he organized the weekly moot" ↔ bastardy proceeding, paternity suit - a lawsuit filed to determine the father of a child born out of wedlock (and to provide for the support of the child once paternity is determined) ↔ legal proceeding, proceeding, proceedings - (law) the institution of a sequence of steps by which legal judgments are invoked ↔ law, jurisprudence - the collection of rules imposed by authority; "civilization presupposes respect for the law"; "the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order" 4. case - the actual state of things; "that was not the case" ↔ fact - a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred; "first you must collect all the facts of the case" https://www.thefreedictionary.com/case 4/9