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BSD – Alternativen Zu Linux
∗BSD { Alternativen zu Linux Karl Lockhoff March 19, 2015 Inhaltsverzeichnis I Woher kommt BSD? I Was ist BSD? I Was ist sind die Unterschiede zwischen FreeBSD, NetBSD und OpenBSD? I Warum soll ich *BSD statt Linux einsetzen? I Chuck Haley und Bill Joy entwickeln den vi in Berkeley I Bill Joy erstellt eine Sammlung von Tools, 1BSD I Unix Version 7 erscheint I 2BSD erscheint (Basis f¨urdie Weiterentwicklung PDP-11) I 3BSD erscheint (erstmalig mit einen eigenen Kernel) I 4BSD erscheint (enth¨altdas fast file system (ffs)) I Bill Joy wechselt zu Sun Microsystems I Kirk McKusick ¨ubernimmt die Entwicklung von BSD I 1978 I 1979 I 1980 I 1981 Woher kommt BSD? I 1976 I Unix Version 6 erscheint I 2BSD erscheint (Basis f¨urdie Weiterentwicklung PDP-11) I 3BSD erscheint (erstmalig mit einen eigenen Kernel) I 4BSD erscheint (enth¨altdas fast file system (ffs)) I Bill Joy wechselt zu Sun Microsystems I Kirk McKusick ¨ubernimmt die Entwicklung von BSD I Bill Joy erstellt eine Sammlung von Tools, 1BSD I Unix Version 7 erscheint I 1979 I 1980 I 1981 Woher kommt BSD? I 1976 I Unix Version 6 erscheint I 1978 I Chuck Haley und Bill Joy entwickeln den vi in Berkeley I 2BSD erscheint (Basis f¨urdie Weiterentwicklung PDP-11) I 3BSD erscheint (erstmalig mit einen eigenen Kernel) I 4BSD erscheint (enth¨altdas fast file system (ffs)) I Bill Joy wechselt zu Sun Microsystems I Kirk McKusick ¨ubernimmt die Entwicklung von BSD I Unix Version 7 erscheint I 1979 I 1980 I 1981 Woher kommt BSD? I 1976 I Unix Version 6 erscheint I 1978 I Chuck Haley und Bill Joy entwickeln den -
La Sécurité Informatique Edition Livres Pour Tous (
La sécurité informatique Edition Livres pour tous (www.livrespourtous.com) PDF générés en utilisant l’atelier en source ouvert « mwlib ». Voir http://code.pediapress.com/ pour plus d’informations. PDF generated at: Sat, 13 Jul 2013 18:26:11 UTC Contenus Articles 1-Principes généraux 1 Sécurité de l'information 1 Sécurité des systèmes d'information 2 Insécurité du système d'information 12 Politique de sécurité du système d'information 17 Vulnérabilité (informatique) 21 Identité numérique (Internet) 24 2-Attaque, fraude, analyse et cryptanalyse 31 2.1-Application 32 Exploit (informatique) 32 Dépassement de tampon 34 Rétroingénierie 40 Shellcode 44 2.2-Réseau 47 Attaque de l'homme du milieu 47 Attaque de Mitnick 50 Attaque par rebond 54 Balayage de port 55 Attaque par déni de service 57 Empoisonnement du cache DNS 66 Pharming 69 Prise d'empreinte de la pile TCP/IP 70 Usurpation d'adresse IP 71 Wardriving 73 2.3-Système 74 Écran bleu de la mort 74 Fork bomb 82 2.4-Mot de passe 85 Attaque par dictionnaire 85 Attaque par force brute 87 2.5-Site web 90 Cross-site scripting 90 Défacement 93 2.6-Spam/Fishing 95 Bombardement Google 95 Fraude 4-1-9 99 Hameçonnage 102 2.7-Cloud Computing 106 Sécurité du cloud 106 3-Logiciel malveillant 114 Logiciel malveillant 114 Virus informatique 120 Ver informatique 125 Cheval de Troie (informatique) 129 Hacktool 131 Logiciel espion 132 Rootkit 134 Porte dérobée 145 Composeur (logiciel) 149 Charge utile 150 Fichier de test Eicar 151 Virus de boot 152 4-Concepts et mécanismes de sécurité 153 Authentification forte -
Schon Mal Dran Gedacht,Linux Auszuprobieren? Von G. Schmidt
Schon mal dran gedacht, Linux auszuprobieren? Eine Einführung in das Betriebssystem Linux und seine Distributionen von Günther Schmidt-Falck Das Magazin AUSWEGE wird nun schon seit 2010 mit Hilfe des Computer-Betriebs- system Linux erstellt: Texte layouten, Grafiken und Fotos bearbeiten, Webseiten ge- stalten, Audio schneiden - alles mit freier, unabhängiger Software einer weltweiten Entwicklergemeinde. Aufgrund der guten eigenen Erfahrungen möchte der folgende Aufsatz ins Betriebssystem Linux einführen - mit einem Schwerpunkt auf der Distri- bution LinuxMint. Was ist Linux? „... ein hochstabiles, besonders schnelles und vor allem funktionsfähiges Betriebssystem, das dem Unix-System ähnelt, … . Eine Gemeinschaft Tausender programmierte es und verteilt es nun unter der GNU General Public Li- cense. Somit ist es frei zugänglich für jeden und kos- tenlos! Mehrere Millionen Leute, viele Organisatio- nen und besonders Firmen nutzen es weltweit. Die meisten nutzen es aus folgenden Gründen: • besonders schnell, stabil und leistungs- stark • gratis Support aus vielen Internet- Newsgruppen Tux, der Pinguin, ist das Linux-Maskottchen • übersichtliche Mailing-Listen • massenweise www-Seiten • direkter Mailkontakt mit dem Programmierer sind möglich • Bildung von Gruppen • kommerzieller Support“1 Linux ist heute weit verbreitet im Serverbereich: „Im Oktober 2012 wurden mindes- tens 32% aller Webseiten auf einem Linux-Server gehostet. Da nicht alle Linux-Ser- ver sich auch als solche zu erkennen geben, könnte der tatsächliche Anteil um bis zu 24% höher liegen. Damit wäre ein tatsächlicher Marktanteil von bis zu 55% nicht 1 http://www.linuxnetworx.com/linux-richtig-nutzen magazin-auswege.de – 2.11.2015 Schon mal dran gedacht, Linux auszuprobieren? 1 auszuschliessen. (…) Linux gilt innerhalb von Netzwerken als ausgesprochen sicher und an die jeweiligen Gegebenheiten anpassbar. -
Catalogo De Apliciones Para Gnu/Linux
Universidad Luterana Salvadoreña SOFTWARE LIBRE SOFTWARE LIBRE CATALOGO DE APLICIONES PARA GNU/LINUX AUTORES: RUBEN ERNESTO MEJIA CORTEZ MARVIN FERNANDO RAMIREZ DAVID ARMANDO CORNEJO SOFTWARE LIBRE INDICE Contenido Pagina Introducción .........................................................................................1 Objetivos ...............................................................................................2 Que es software libre ? ..........................................................................3 Editores de texto ....................................................................................6 Exploradores ..........................................................................................17 Correo Electrónico .................................................................................28 Editores de audio ...................................................................................40 Reproductores de audio ........................................................................51 Ofimática .................................................................................................61 Reproductores multimedia ......................................................................67 Editores de video .....................................................................................76 Compresores ...........................................................................................87 Creadores de CD'S ..................................................................................96 -
Github: a Case Study of Linux/BSD Perceptions from Microsoft's
1 FLOSS != GitHub: A Case Study of Linux/BSD Perceptions from Microsoft’s Acquisition of GitHub Raula Gaikovina Kula∗, Hideki Hata∗, Kenichi Matsumoto∗ ∗Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan {raula-k, hata, matumoto}@is.naist.jp Abstract—In 2018, the software industry giants Microsoft made has had its share of disagreements with Microsoft [6], [7], a move into the Open Source world by completing the acquisition [8], [9], the only reported negative opinion of free software of mega Open Source platform, GitHub. This acquisition was not community has different attitudes towards GitHub is the idea without controversy, as it is well-known that the free software communities includes not only the ability to use software freely, of ‘forking’ so far, as it it is considered as a danger to FLOSS but also the libre nature in Open Source Software. In this study, development [10]. our aim is to explore these perceptions in FLOSS developers. We In this paper, we report on how external events such as conducted a survey that covered traditional FLOSS source Linux, acquisition of the open source platform by a closed source and BSD communities and received 246 developer responses. organization triggers a FLOSS developers such the Linux/ The results of the survey confirm that the free community did trigger some communities to move away from GitHub and raised BSD Free Software communities. discussions into free and open software on the GitHub platform. The study reminds us that although GitHub is influential and II. TARGET SUBJECTS AND SURVEY DESIGN trendy, it does not representative all FLOSS communities. -
FLOSS Final Report – Part 3 Free/Libre Open Source Software: Survey and Study
FLOSS Final Report – Part 3 Free/Libre Open Source Software: Survey and Study Basics of Open Source Software Markets and Business Models Berlin, July 2002 3 BERLECON RESEARCH GmbH Oranienburger Str. 32 10117 Berlin Tel.: +49 30 285296-0 Fax: +49 30 285296-29 Web: http://www.berlecon.de Email: [email protected] Acknowledgements: This work was prepared by Dorit Spiller and Thorsten Wichmann from Berlecon Research. It is part of the final report for the project „FLOSS – Free/Libre Open Source Software: Survey and Study“, which was financed under the European Com- mission‘s IST programme, key action 4 as accompanying measure (IST-2000-4.1.1). Disclaimer: The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily re- flect those of the European Commission. Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use that might be made of the following information. Nothing in this report implies or expresses a warranty of any kind. Results from this report should only be used as guidelines as part of an overall strategy. For detailed ad- vice on corporate planning, business processes and management, technology integra- tion and legal or tax issues, the services of a professional should be obtained. Names and trademarks mentioned in the report are the property of their respective owners. © 2002 by Berlecon Research GmbH. 4 V 1.1 - 020905 © 2002 by Berlecon Research GmbH. 5 Table of contents 1 Introduction....................................................................................................... 9 2 Software and the Open Source phenomenon.................................................... 11 2.1 The Open Source phenomenon ................................................................. -
W W W . G N U . O R G
THE SOFT REVOLUTION RICHARD STALLMAN IN ASSOCIATION WITH THE FREE SOFTWARE FOUNDATION AND LINUS TORVALDS IN ASSOCIATION WITH THE LINUX KERNEL ARCHIVE PRESENT « GNU/LINUX, THE SOFT REVOLUTION » FEATURING LINUX, A CLONE OF THE OPERATING SYSTEM UNIX, GCC, THE GNU COMPILER, X.ORG, THE X WINDOW SYSTEM, EMACS, THE EXTENSIBLE, CUSTOMIZABLE, SELF-DOCUMENTING REAL-TIME DISPLAY EDITOR, GNOME, THE INTUITIVE AND ATTRACTIVE DESKTOP, KDE, THE POWERFUL FREE SOFTWARE GRAPHICAL DESKTOP ENVIRONMENT, OPEN OFFICE, THE FREE PRODUCTIVITY SUITE COMPATIBLE WITH ALL MAJOR OFFICE SUITES, THE GIMP, THE GNU IMAGE MANIPULATION PROGRAM, EVOLUTION, THE INTEGRATED MAIL, ADDRESS-BOOK AND CALENDARING FUNCTIONALITY, THUNDERBIRD, A FASTER, SAFER AND MORE PRODUCTIVE EMAIL EXPERIENCE, KONQUEROR, THE FILE MANAGER FOR THE K DESKTOP ENVIRONMENT, BLENDER, THE OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE FOR 3D MODELLING, POVRAY,THE PERSISTENCE OF VISION RAYTRACER, FIREFOX, TO BROWSE FASTER,MORE SAFELY AND MORE EFFICIENTLY THAN WITH ANY OTHER BROWSER, TETEX, A COMPLETE TEX DISTRIBUTION FOR UNIX COMPATIBLE SYSTEMS, XINE, THE FREE MULTIMEDIA PLAYER • DISTRIBUTED BY UBUNTU, LINUX FOR HUMAN BEINGS, MANDRIVA, THE FRIENDLY LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM, FEDORA, THE OPEN SOURCE PROJECT, OPEN SUSE, WORLDWIDE COMMUNITY PROGRAM, DEBIAN, MORE THAN A PURE OS, GENTOO, A SPECIAL FLAVOR OF LINUX, SLACKWARE, THE OLDEST SURVIVING DISTRIBUTION, KNOPPIX, THE BOOTABLE LIVE CD/DVD SYSTEM, MEPIS, OPTIMIZED FOR DESKTOP USE, XANDROS, SIMPLER AND EASIER, FREEBSD, ADVANCED OPERATING SYSTEM • ORIGINAL ARTWORK BY NICOLAS ROUGIER • IMAGE COPYRIGHT (C) 2003-2005 FREE SOFTWARE FOUNDATION, INC. PPERMISSION IS GRANTED TO COPY, DISTRIBUTE AND/OR MODIFY THIS WORK UNDER THE TERMS OF THE GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE AS PUBLISHED BY THE FREE SOFTWARE FOUNDATION; EITHER VERSION 2 OF THE LICENSE, OR (AT YOUR OPTION) ANY LATER VERSION. -
Virtual Distro Sampler
LINUX MAGAZINE DVD VIRTUAL DISTRO SAMPLER CentOS 5.1 Live tions for the desktop and lots of interest- The CentOS community distribution is ing add-ons. based on source code from Red Hat Enterprise Linux. Kubuntu 8.04 Alpha “KDE 4” his month we bring you a Virtual This Live version comes with a If you haven’t already heard, Kubuntu Live Distro Sampler created healthy collection of end-user tools, plus Linux is Ubuntu with KDE. This alpha T exclusively for Linux Magazine a handy toolkit of diagnostic and rescue version of Kubuntu 8.04 might be your and Linux Pro Magazine. Try out any utilities. first look at what’s coming up in Ubuntu one of the five Live distros without “Hardy Heron.” rebooting. DreamLinux 3.0 RC1 Tour the new KDE 4 desktop and The Live base system is a fully install- DreamLinux is a modular Linux system browse through the gallery of tools that able version of Ubuntu 7.10 Gutsy Gib- based on Debian and Morphix. The makes Kubuntu a favorite of Linux users bon – with all the latest updates and se- DreamLinux developers pride them- around the world. curity patches. Ubuntu 7.10 comes with selves in delivering plenty of applica- better security, improved Linux Mint 4.0 Daryna 3D effects, write support Community Edition for NTFS partitions, a The popular Linux Mint distro, which is new automatic printer currently ranked fifth at DistroWatch, of- configuration feature, fers an abundance of user tools with an improved power man- impressive collection of original manage- agement, and additional ment utilities. -
The Bioinformatics Playground
Gearing for bioinformatics Gearing for bioinformatics Bela Tiwari and Dawn Field explore the tools and facilities that ioinformatics’ is a buzz word that is Projects with enough funding are able to hire users will depend on the system, how they will becoming increasingly audible in the dedicated system administrators to provide access it, etc. Live CD or DVD distributions may can be used by the budding open source bioinformatician ‘BLinux world. Fast, economical, sustainable bioinformatics computing systems, be good for an individual and for demonstration flexible, and extensible computing power is but many of us are not that lucky and have to purposes, but they are probably not the right making Linux increasingly attractive to scientists go it alone. choice for the provision of tools to a whole in many areas of research, including biology. To add to the challenge, much bioinformatics department. More generally, the open source movement has software is written by academics, and while greatly benefited biological research; the most there are some very good, well tested packages LIVE DISTRIBUTIONS publicised project being the publicly funded out there, there are also many that were Live Linux distributions are a relatively new effort to sequence and make freely available the intended to answer a particular question, on a phenomenon and offer some big advantages. human genome. Less well publicised is the huge particular machine, for a particular group. Such You don’t have to install anything to run them. amount of biological data that can be freely packages were often not built with portability, Just slot the CD or DVD into the drive and boot accessed. -
Automating the Deployment of Freebsd & PC-BSD® Systems
Automating the deployment of FreeBSD & PC-BSD® systems by Kris Moore [email protected] In PC-BSD 9.x every installation is fully-scripted, due to the the pc-sysinstall backend. This backend can also be used to quickly automate the deployment of FreeBSD servers and PC-BSD desktops using a PXE boot environment. In PC-BSD & TrueOS™ 9.1 and higher, this functionality is easy to setup and deploy using the “pc-thinclient” utility. PXE booting allows you to boot systems via the LAN interface, as opposed to using traditional media, such as DVD or USB. In order for clients to boot via PXE they will need a PXE capable network adapter. The initial PXE setup To get started, you will need to have a system with two network interfaces running PC-BSD or TrueOS 9.1 and a complete ports tree in /usr/ports. If you do not have the ports tree installed, you can download it by running the command “portsnap fetch extract update” as root. With these pieces in place, open a root prompt and run the “pc-thinclient” command. The first screen you see will look something like this: Enter “y” to continue, and the following screen will be shown: In this case you are going to be setting up a PXE installation server, so enter “i” to continue. (The “r” option can be used to make your system a X thin-client server. More information about this can be found on the wiki page at the end of the article.) After selecting your type of PXE system, the thin-client wizard will then begin to build the “net/isc-dhcp42-server” port. -
Redhawk Linux User's Guide
Linux® User’s Guide 0898004-510 May 2006 Copyright 2006 by Concurrent Computer Corporation. All rights reserved. This publication or any part thereof is intended for use with Concurrent products by Concurrent personnel, customers, and end–users. It may not be reproduced in any form without the written permission of the publisher. The information contained in this document is believed to be correct at the time of publication. It is subject to change without notice. Concurrent makes no warranties, expressed or implied, concerning the information contained in this document. To report an error or comment on a specific portion of the manual, photocopy the page in question and mark the correction or comment on the copy. Mail the copy (and any additional comments) to Concurrent Computer Corporation, 2881 Gateway Drive, Pompano Beach, Florida, 33069. Mark the envelope “Attention: Publications Department.” This publication may not be reproduced for any other reason in any form without written permission of the publisher. RedHawk, iHawk, NightStar, NightTrace, NightSim, NightProbe and NightView are trademarks of Concurrent Computer Corporation. Linux is used pursuant to a sublicense from the Linux Mark Institute. Red Hat is a registered trademark of Red Hat, Inc. POSIX is a registered trademark of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. AMD Opteron and AMD64 are trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. The X Window System is a trademark of The Open Group. OSF/Motif is a registered trademark of the Open Software Foundation, Inc. Ethernet is a trademark of the Xerox Corporation. NFS is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. HyperTransport is a licensed trademark of the HyperTransport Technology Consortium. -
Kratka Povijest Unixa Od Unicsa Do Freebsda I Linuxa
Kratka povijest UNIXa Od UNICSa do FreeBSDa i Linuxa 1 Autor: Hrvoje Horvat Naslov: Kratka povijest UNIXa - Od UNICSa do FreeBSDa i Linuxa Licenca i prava korištenja: Svi imaju pravo koristiti, mijenjati, kopirati i štampati (printati) knjigu, prema pravilima GNU GPL licence. Mjesto i godina izdavanja: Osijek, 2017 ISBN: 978-953-59438-0-8 (PDF-online) URL publikacije (PDF): https://www.opensource-osijek.org/knjige/Kratka povijest UNIXa - Od UNICSa do FreeBSDa i Linuxa.pdf ISBN: 978-953- 59438-1- 5 (HTML-online) DokuWiki URL (HTML): https://www.opensource-osijek.org/dokuwiki/wiki:knjige:kratka-povijest- unixa Verzija publikacije : 1.0 Nakalada : Vlastita naklada Uz pravo svakoga na vlastito štampanje (printanje), prema pravilima GNU GPL licence. Ova knjiga je napisana unutar inicijative Open Source Osijek: https://www.opensource-osijek.org Inicijativa Open Source Osijek je član udruge Osijek Software City: http://softwarecity.hr/ UNIX je registrirano i zaštićeno ime od strane tvrtke X/Open (Open Group). FreeBSD i FreeBSD logo su registrirani i zaštićeni od strane FreeBSD Foundation. Imena i logo : Apple, Mac, Macintosh, iOS i Mac OS su registrirani i zaštićeni od strane tvrtke Apple Computer. Ime i logo IBM i AIX su registrirani i zaštićeni od strane tvrtke International Business Machines Corporation. IEEE, POSIX i 802 registrirani i zaštićeni od strane instituta Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Ime Linux je registrirano i zaštićeno od strane Linusa Torvaldsa u Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama. Ime i logo : Sun, Sun Microsystems, SunOS, Solaris i Java su registrirani i zaštićeni od strane tvrtke Sun Microsystems, sada u vlasništvu tvrtke Oracle. Ime i logo Oracle su u vlasništvu tvrtke Oracle.