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The Inventors Penemuan Yang Merubah Dunia 3 TOKOH Ｔｈｅ ｉｎｖｅｎｔｏｒｓ The i n v e n t o r s Ｐｅｎｅｍｕａｎ ｙａｎｇ ｍｅｒｕｂａｈ ｄｕｎｉａ Penemuan yang merubah d u n ia 3 ＴＯＫＯＨ ＴＥＲＰＥＮＴＩＮＧ ＤＡＬＡＭ ＤＵＮＩＡ ＩＮＴＥＲＮＥＴ TOKOH TERPENTING DALAM DUNIA INTERNET 1 KATA PENGANTAR Segala puji kami panjatkan ke hadirot ALLAH SWT yang telah memberikan kekuatan-Nya untuk kami, sehingga kaim dapat menyelesaikan tugas pembuatan buku ini.tidak lupa juga kami ucapkan kepada dosen pembimbing kami yaitu bpk Ono W. Purbo yang telah memberikan tuga kepada kami. Sehingga kami dapat belajar membuat buku yang pertama ini. Buku “Investor Yang Merubah Dunia” ini merupakan petunjuk motivasi yang bena- benar dapat menjadikan kita lebih semangat untuk meraih masa depan yang cerah. Karena didalamnya terdapat beberpa inspirasi dari motivator para perubah dunia. Dengan adanya mereka kita semua dalam menikmati hidup lebih mudah dan nyaman. Buku ini juga dapat menambah referensi dan acuan dalam ilmu pengetahuan tentang biografi dan karya investor yang dihasilkan. Penulis berharap semoga dengan adanya buku ini Anda dapat menatap masa depan yang cerah seperti yang dialami oleh para investor kita. Penulis menyadari bahwa selesainya buku pertama ini sangat banyak kesalahan dan juga sangat belum sempurna. Oleh karena itu, denga hati yang etrbuka penulis mengharapkan kritik dan saran kepada pembaca untuk menyempurnakan buku ini. Tangerang, 18 Maret 2014 penulis 2 DAFTAR ISI JUDUL…………………………………………………………………………………… 1 KATA PENGANTAR………………………………………………………………....... 2 DAFTAR ISI…………………………………………………………………………...... 3 1. Larry Page, Sergey Brin, dan Eric Schmidt Pendiri Google………………..... A. Awal Kehidupan Larry Page………………………………………….... B. Pendidikan Larry Page…………………………………………………. C. Awal Kehidupan Sergey Brin………………………………………….. D. Pendidikan Sergey Brin……………………………………………….... E. Sejarah Berdirinya Mesin Pencari(Google)…………………………... a) Keuangan dan Penawaran Umum Perdana…………………... b) Pertumbuhan………………………………………………….... c) Filantropi……………………………………………………….. d) Kerjasama e) Produk f) Periklanan g) Aplikasi h) Produk Turunan i) Platform j) Kebiasaan dan Budaya Perusahaan k) Googleplex l) Dua puluh persen waktu m) Telur Paskah dan Lawakan Hari April Mop n) IPO dan Budaya 3 o) Keluarga Intelektual F. Eric Schmidt G. Bergabungnya Erich Schmidt ke Google H. Perkembangan Mesin Pencari (Google) I. Fakta Unik Tentang Larry Page,Sergey Brin,dan Eric Schmidt J. Rahasia Sukses Larry Page dan Sergey Brin 2. Steve Jobs Pendiri Apple A. Biografi steve jobs (Sang Pendiri Apple) B. Steve jobs sakit C. Steve jobs mengisi sambutan pada acara kelulusan mahasiswa universitas Stanford D. Steve Jobs Meninggal Dunia E. Karya-Karya Jobs Selama di CEO Apple F. Penemuan Terbesar Jobs Adalah Kematian 3. Bram Cohen pencipta bitTorrent A. Biografi Bram Cohen B. Sejarah Terbentuknya BitTorrent C. Perbedaan Metode Konektivitas Client-Server, Peer To peer, dan BitTorrent D. Keuntungan Dan Kekurangan BitTorrent DAFTAR PUSTAKA 4 1 LARRY PAGE, SERGEY BRIN, DAN ERIC SCHMIDT PENDIRI GOOGLE 1 Google merupakan sebuah perusahan Amerika Serikat yang sangatlah terkenal karena mesin pencarinya yang juga dinamakan Google. Perusahaan Google Inc. (NASDAQ: GOOD) didirikan pada 7 september 1998 diruang diruang garasi rumah teman Larry Page dan Sergey Brin di Menlo Park, California. Pada februari 1999. Kantor pusat google berada di Mountain View,California,disebut juga Googleplex. Google merupakan mesin pencari paling popular di web dan menerima setidaknya 200 juta permintaan pencarian setiap hari melalui situsnya dan situs-situs web kliennya seperti American Online (AOL). Pada awal 1996 dua maha siswa Ph.D Universitas Stanford, Larry Page dan Sergey Brin melakukan penelitian dengan mengembangkan teori bahwa sebuah mesin pencari yang berdasarkan analisis matematika hubungan antara situs-situs web akan memberikan hasil yang lenih baik dari pada menggunakan teknik-teknik pencarian dasar yang digunakan pada saat itu. System ini bermula dinamakan BackRub karena menggunakan Backlink untuk memperkirakan berapa penting sebuah situs. Page dan Brin memutuskan untuk mencoba tesis itu sebagai bagian dari studi mereka. Tesis tersebut menjadi fondasi bagi mesin pencari mereka. Pada 7 September 1998 mereka secara resmi membentuk perusahaan Google Inc. 1 http://www.kangnanto.com/berita-159-sejarah-awal-mula-berdirinya-google-.html 5 Google adalah sebuah istilah matematika untuk angka 1 yang diikuti oleh 100 angka nol. Hal tersebut adalah merupakan simbol dari besarnya ambisi Google dan meningkatnya dampak yang ditimbulkan oleh pasar yang dinamis dan pemasaran. Misi Google sederhana, yaitu menjadi mesin pencari yang sempurna. Seperti yang dikatakan oleh Larry Page “ google akan menjadi sesuatu yang mengerti apa yang Anda inginkan dan memberikan informasi sesuai yang Anda harapkan”. Kini dengan memiliki lebih dari 80 juta pemakai yang melakukan pencarian diantara lebih dari delapan triliun situs,google menjadi lebih mapan dan menjadi leader di dunia search Engine. A. Awal Kehidupan Larry Page Gambar 1.1 Larry Page Larry Page lahir di Lansing, Michigan, 26 Maret 1973 dengan nama lengkap Lawrence Edward Page. Ayahnya bernama Carl Vincent Page, dia adalah seorang 6 Profesor Ilmu Computer di Universitas Michigan dan ikut mengembangkan system intelligence artificial intellegence. Ibunya benama Gloria Page yang merupakan Guru Pemrograman Komputer dan dia adalah seorang professor sains computer di Universitas Michigan. Ibu page adalah Yahudi akan tetapi page lahir tanpa agama. Larry Page terlahir dari orang tua yang ahli dalam computer programming,maka ketertarikan page terhadap computer tidak dapat dipungkiri lagi. Ia mulai tertarik pada computer pada usia 6 tahun. B. Pendidikan Larry Page Sejak masih duduk di sekolah dasar ia sudah memperlihatkan keahlian otaknya. Larry adalah anak pertama yang membuat tugas menggunakan world processor. Larry Page adalah orang yang berkemampuan yang hebat dan diberkahi otak yang cerdas, dia selalu memikirkan masa depannya. Di usianya yang ke dua belas ia sudah memikirkan bahwa ia benar-benar akan membuat sebuah industry internet. Ketika Larry Page lulus dari sekolah menengah East Lansing High School pada tahun 1991.Larry Page mengikuti kegiatan akademik ayahnya,ia bersekolah di University Of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Dia mendapatkan gelar Bachelor Of Science di Universitas tersebut. Larry page seperti belum kenyang tentang masalah computer,dia melanjutkan kuliah di Stanford University. Di Stanford,Larry mulai menjelajahi ilmu matematika Worl Wide Wibe,dan sudah memahami struktur link dengan graphic tingginya. Pengawas Larry, Terry Winograd, menjuluki Larry dengan panggilan “petunjuk terbaik yang pernah aku dapat”. Pada universitas itu pula dia membuat sebuah printer inkjet yang terbuat dari batu bata LEGO. Di tunjuk sebagai ketua Eta Kappa Nu pada 1994 serta menjadi anggota Maize and Blue University Of Michigan Solar Car Team pada tahun 1993. Dalam sebuah wawancara Larry mengingat masa kecilnya mencatat bahwa rumahnya “ biasanya berantakan dengan majalah popular science di semua tempat”. Sejak Larry berumur enam tahun, ia sudah mulai tertarik pada computer. Ketika ia harus bermain dengan hal-hal yang tergeletak di sekitar. Ia adalah anak pertama yang di sekolah dasar untuk menyerahkan tugas dari pengolah kata. Kakaknya juga mengajarkan dia untuk 7 mengambil hal-hal terpisah dan tak lama kemudian dia mengambil segala sesuatau dirumahnya terpisah untuk melihat bagaimana barang tersebut bekerja. Laary mengatakan bahwa dari usia yang sangat dini,saya juga menyadari bahwa saya ingin menemukan suatu hal. Jadi saya ingin menadi bener-bener tertarik dengan teknologi dan bisnis. C. Awal Kehidupan Sergey Brin Gambar 1.2 Sergey Brin 2 Nama lengkap Sergey Brin adalah Sergey Mikhailovic Brin. Dia lahir di Moskow,Unisoviet pada 21 Agustus 1973. Sergey lahir dari keluarga Yahudi,yaitu ayahnya yang bernama Mikhail Brin dan Ibunya bernama Evgenia Brin mereka adalah ahli matematika lulusan Moscow State University. Pada tahun 1979,ketika Brin berumur enam tahun, keluarganya pindah ke Amerika Serikat. Disana Brin didaftarkan di sekolah dasar Paint Branch Montossori,Adelphi 2 http://info-biografi.blogspot.com/2010/02/sergey-brin-and-lawrence-larry-page.html 8 Maryland. Ayahnya yang juga seorang professor di department Matematika Universitas Of Maryland,berperan besar mengembangkan ketertarikan brin pada Matematika. D. Pendidikan Sergey Brin 3 Sebagai anak ahli matematika,sergey mendapatkan pendidikan yang komplit. Pendidikan dasar dia dapat di sekolah elit yang bernama Paint Branch Montossori,Adelphi,Maryland. Selama 6 tahun disekolah dasar,tepatnya dia berumur 12 tahun. Kemudian dia melanjutkan ke sekolah menengah di Eleanor Roosevelt High school. Dan setelah 3 tahun belajar di Eleanor,dia melanjutkan keprguruan tinggi dan mengambil jurusan Ilmu computer dan Matematika di University of Maryland,colleg Park. Di universitas tersebut Sergey menerima gelar Bachelor of Science pada tahun 1993. Kemudai Sergey melanjutkan ketingkat master di Stanford University. Selama Sergey Brin menjadi mahasiswa di Stanfor University sangat menekuni dunia informasi dan komunikasi. Dia menunjukan ketertarikannya pada internet tak lama setelah di Stanford University. Dia menulis banyak paper yang membahas tenteng data- minning dan pattern extraction. Selain itu dia juga banyak menulis tentang software yang dapat mengubah Text menjadi HTML untuk memudahkan dalam mengerjakan tugas- tugasnya. Selain dikenal didunia maya, dia juga merupakan ilmuwan yang disegani. Sergey Brin menerima gelar sarjana dibidang ilmu matematika dan ilmu computer dari
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