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SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION for a New Family of Diprotodontian Marsupials from the Latest Oligocene of Australia and the Evolution
Title A new family of diprotodontian marsupials from the latest Oligocene of Australia and the evolution of wombats, koalas, and their relatives (Vombatiformes) Authors Beck, RMD; Louys, J; Brewer, Philippa; Archer, M; Black, KH; Tedford, RH Date Submitted 2020-10-13 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION FOR A new family of diprotodontian marsupials from the latest Oligocene of Australia and the evolution of wombats, koalas, and their relatives (Vombatiformes) Robin M. D. Beck1,2*, Julien Louys3, Philippa Brewer4, Michael Archer2, Karen H. Black2, Richard H. Tedford5 (deceased) 1Ecosystems and Environment Research Centre, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Manchester, UK 2PANGEA Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia 3Australian Research Centre for Human Evolution, Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia 4Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom 5Division of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to R.M.D.B (email: [email protected]) This pdf includes: Supplementary figures Supplementary tables Comparative material Full description Relevance of Marada arcanum List of morphological characters Morphological matrix in NEXUS format Justification for body mass estimates References Figure S1. Rostrum of holotype and only known specimen of Mukupirna nambensis gen. et. sp. nov. (AMNH FM 102646) in ventromedial (a) and anteroventral (b) views. Abbreviations: C1a, upper canine alveolus; I1a, first upper incisor alveolus; I2a, second upper incisor alveolus; I1a, third upper incisor alveolus; P3, third upper premolar. Scale bar = 1 cm. -
Geographic Variation in Eucalyptus Diversifolia (Myrtaceae) and the Recognition of New Subspecies E
22 December 1997 Australian Systematic Botany, 10, 651–680 Geographic Variation in Eucalyptus diversifolia (Myrtaceae) and the Recognition of New Subspecies E. diversifolia subsp. hesperia and E. diversifolia subsp. megacarpa Ian J. WrightABC and Pauline Y. LadigesA ASchool of Botany, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic. 3052, Australia. BPresent address: School of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. CCorresponding author; email: [email protected] Abstract Patterns of geographic variation in morphological and chemical characters are documented in Eucalyptus diversifolia Bonpl. (soap mallee, white coastal mallee). This species is found in coastal and subcoastal Australia from southern Western Australia to Cape Nelson (western Victoria), with a number of disjunctions in the intervening region. Morphological data from adult plants collected at field localities and seedlings grown under uniform conditions were analysed using univariate and multivariate methods, including oneway ANOVA, multiple comparison tests, non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS), nearest neighbour networks, and minimum spanning trees. Seedling material was tested for isozyme polymorphism, and adult leaf flavonoids were analysed using liquid chromatography. Morphological and chemical characters are also documented in E. aff. diversifolia, a closely related but unnamed taxon restricted to ironstone outcrops near Norseman (WA), and putative E. diversifolia– E. baxteri hybrids from Cape Nelson. Congruent patterns in data sets distinguish three groups of E. diversifolia adults and progeny: (1) those to the west of the Nullarbor disjunction; (2) South Australian populations to the east of this disjunction; and (3) those from Cape Nelson. Formal taxonomic recognition of the three forms at subspecific level is established, namely E. -
Plant Viruses
Western Plant Diagnostic Network1 First Detector News A Quarterly Pest Update for WPDN First Detectors Spring 2015 edition, volume 8, number 2 In this Issue Page 1: Editor’s Note Dear First Detectors, Pages 2 – 3: Intro to Plant Plant viruses cause many important plant diseases and are Viruses responsible for huge losses in crop production and quality in Page 4: Virus nomenclature all parts of the world. Plant viruses can spread very quickly because many are vectored by insects such as aphids and Page 5 – Most Serious World Plant Viruses & Symptoms whitefly. They are a major pest of crop production as well as major pests of home gardens. By mid-summer many fields, Pages 6 – 7: Plant Virus vineyards, orchards, and gardens will see the effects of plant Vectors viruses. The focus of this edition is the origin, discovery, taxonomy, vectors, and the effects of virus infection in Pages 7 - 10: Grapevine plants. There is also a feature article on grapevine viruses. Viruses And, as usual, there are some pest updates from the West. Page 10: Pest Alerts On June 16 – 18, the WPDN is sponsoring the second Invasive Snail and Slug workshop at UC Davis. The workshop Contact us at the WPDN Regional will be recorded and will be posted on the WPDN and NPDN Center at UC Davis: home pages. Have a great summer and here’s hoping for Phone: 530 754 2255 rain! Email: [email protected] Web: https://wpdn.org Please find the NPDN family of newsletters at: Editor: Richard W. Hoenisch @Copyright Regents of the Newsletters University of California All Rights Reserved Western Plant Diagnostic Network News Plant Viruses 2 Ag, Manitoba Photo courtesy Photo Food, and Rural Initiatives and Food, of APS Photo by Giovanni Martelli, U of byBari Giovanni Photo Grapevine Fanleaf Virus Peanut leaf with Squash Mosaic Virus tomato spotted wilt virus Viruses are infectious pathogens that are too small to be seen with a light microscope, but despite their small size they can cause chaos. -
Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area
Appendix 4 1 World Heritage Values of the Tasmanian Wilderness 1.1 Note that the Department of the Environment's website states that: A draft Statement of Outstanding Universal Value which will take into account the new areas added in 2013 is expected to be considered by the World Heritage Committee in 2014. Outstanding Universal Value 1.2 The Tasmanian Wilderness is an extensive, wild, beautiful temperate land where cultural heritage of the Tasmanian Aboriginal people is preserved. 1.3 It is one of the three largest temperate wilderness areas remaining in the Southern Hemisphere. The region is home to some of the deepest and longest caves in Australia. It is renowned for its diversity of flora, and some of the longest lived trees and tallest flowering plants in the world grow in the area. The Tasmanian Wilderness is a stronghold for several animals that are either extinct or threatened on mainland Australia. 1.4 In the southwest Aboriginal people developed a unique cultural tradition based on a specialized stone and bone toolkit that enabled the hunting and processing of a single prey species (Bennett's wallaby) that provided nearly all of their dietary protein and fat. Extensive limestone cave systems contain rock art sites that have been dated to the end of the Pleistocene period. Southwest Tasmanian Aboriginal artistic expression during the last Ice Age is only known from the dark recesses of limestone caves. 1.5 The Tasmanian Wilderness was inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1982 and extended in 1989, 2010, 2012 and again in 2013. -
Muntries the Domestication and Improvement of Kunzea Pomifera (F.Muell.)
Muntries The domestication and improvement of Kunzea pomifera (F.Muell.) A report for the Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation by Tony Page January 2004 RIRDC Publication No 03/127 RIRDC Project No UM-52A © 2004 Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation. All rights reserved. ISBN 0 0642 58693 4 ISSN 1440-6845 Muntries: The domestication and improvement of Kunzea pomifera (F.Muell) Publication No. 03/127 Project No: UM-52A The views expressed and the conclusions reached in this publication are those of the author and not necessarily those of persons consulted. RIRDC shall not be responsible in any way whatsoever to any person who relies in whole or in part on the contents of this report. This publication is copyright. However, RIRDC encourages wide dissemination of its research, providing the Corporation is clearly acknowledged. For any other enquiries concerning reproduction, contact the Publications Manager on phone 02 6272 3186. Researcher Contact Details Tony Page 500 Yarra Boulevard RICHMOND VIC 3121 Phone: 03 9250 6800 Fax: 03 92506885 Email: [email protected] In submitting this report, the researcher has agreed to RIRDC publishing this material in its edited form. RIRDC Contact Details Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation Level 1, AMA House 42 Macquarie Street BARTON ACT 2600 PO Box 4776 KINGSTON ACT 2604 Phone: 02 6272 4539 Fax: 02 6272 5877 Email: [email protected]. Website: http://www.rirdc.gov.au Published in January 2004 Printed on environmentally friendly paper by Canprint ii Foreword Many Australian native plant foods have the potential to broaden the culinary and nutritional composition of the human diet, both in Australia and worldwide. -
Salmon Gum Country (Eucalyptus Salmonophloia)
This publication is designed to assist land Contents managers to identify the different vegetation and soil types that make up the Central and 2 Introduction Eastern Wheatbelt and enable them to best 3 Using This Guide decide the most suitable species when Find out how planning biodiverse revegetation. to prepare 4 Preparation and your site for Establishment Of Your Site regeneration 7 Revegetation Timeline 8 Red Morell Country 10 Gimlet Country 12 Salmon Gum Country Choose your soil type 14 Jam or York Gum Country 16 Tammar Country 18 White Gum Country 20 Mallee Country All flower, tree and landscape Introductory pages written Thanks to all Shire Natural 22 Sandplain or Wodjil photographs have been by Tracey Hobbs, Natural Resource Management kindly donated by Stephen Resource Management Officers in the Central Fry, Natural Resource Officer, Kellerberrin. and Eastern Wheatbelt for 24 Sandy Saline Systems Management Officer, Revegetation pages written edits and advice throughout Bruce Rock. by Stephen Fry, Natural the publishing process of Resource Management this book. Officer, Bruce Rock For further information This publication has been Publication designed Ken Hodgkiss & or assistance please contact funded by the Australian by Juliette Dujardin. friend, John Butcher, the Natural Resource Government’s Clean Energy Lawry Keeler & Management Officer Future Biodiversity Fund. Merrilyn Temby at your local Shire. 1 This publication has been written from a practical The Avon Catchment of WA has less than on-ground perspective for landholders to identify 10% of its original vegetation remaining. their own soil/vegetation types and the best species to use for their revegetation project. -
Year 3 Priority Species Scorecard (2018)
Threatened Species Strategy – Year 3 Priority Species Scorecard (2018) Red-tailed Black-Cockatoo (south-eastern) Calyptorhynchus banksia graptogyne Key Findings South-eastern Red-tailed Black Cockatoos are highly dependent on seeds from just three tree species, as well as deep hollows in very old eucalypt trees for nesting. Habitat loss through tree decline has been caused by drying climatic changes and fire disturbance. Significant recovery efforts have focused on habitat protection and regeneration, however numbers of young birds joining the population are falling for reasons that are unclear. Photo: Bob McPherson Significant trajectory change from 2005-15 to 2015-18? No, ongoing slow decline. Priority future actions • Identify causes of low fecundity in breeding birds and low seed set in monitored trees • All important trees effectively protected against fire, clearing of habitat strictly forbidden • Known nest trees maintained, additional nest boxes erected near high quality feeding trees • A drought strategy developed and implemented Full assessment information Background information 2018 population trajectory assessment 1. Conservation status and taxonomy 8. Expert elicitation for population 2. Conservation history and prospects trends 3. Past and current trends 9. Immediate priorities from 2019 4. Key threats 10. Contributors 5. Past and current management 11. Legislative documents 6. Support from the Australian Government 12. References 7. Measuring progress towards conservation 13. Citation The primary purpose of this scorecard is to assess progress against the year three targets outlined in the Australian Government’s Threatened Species Strategy, including estimating the change in population trajectory of 20 bird species. It has been prepared by experts from the National Environmental Science Program’s Threatened Species Recovery Hub, with input from a number of taxon experts, a range of stakeholders and staff from the Office of the Threatened Species Commissioner, for the information of the Australian Government and is non-statutory. -
2014 Conservation Outlook Assessment (Archived)
IUCN World Heritage Outlook: https://worldheritageoutlook.iucn.org/ Tasmanian Wilderness - 2014 Conservation Outlook Assessment (archived) IUCN Conservation Outlook Assessment 2014 (archived) Finalised on 07 November 2014 Please note: this is an archived Conservation Outlook Assessment for Tasmanian Wilderness. To access the most up-to-date Conservation Outlook Assessment for this site, please visit https://www.worldheritageoutlook.iucn.org. Tasmanian Wilderness SITE INFORMATION Country: Australia Inscribed in: 1989 Criteria: (iii) (iv) (vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) (x) Site description: In a region that has been subjected to severe glaciation, these parks and reserves, with their steep gorges, covering an area of over 1 million ha, constitute one of the last expanses of temperate rainforest in the world. Remains found in limestone caves attest to the human occupation of the area for more than 20,000 years. © UNESCO IUCN World Heritage Outlook: https://worldheritageoutlook.iucn.org/ Tasmanian Wilderness - 2014 Conservation Outlook Assessment (archived) SUMMARY 2014 Conservation Outlook Good with some concerns Competing land-use claims along the boundaries of the Tasmanian Wilderness has been a contentious issue ever since the inscription of the property in 1982 and its further extension in 1989. The recent boundary extensions of 2010, 2012 and 2013 have contributed to the Outstanding Universal Value of the site and improved the scope for effective management of the property. Despite considerable management efforts, a high number of threats face both the initially inscribed property and areas to which it was extended. The biggest issues arise from inadequate resourcing of scientific research into WH values and monitoring; increasing pressures to allow intrusive commercial tourism which could impact heavily on key sites and WH values; protection and management of areas which have been recently added to the property. -
Home Based Internship Certificate
HOME BASED INTERNSHIP CERTIFICATE This is to certify that Dhanush R, Reg. No. AME 19012 of B.E - Marine Engineering, AMET University, Chennai has undergone with a Home Based Internship, titled “Influenza Virus” from 1st April 2020 to 28th April 2020 during the academic year 2019-2020 and has successfully completed his internship programme. Faculty In-charge Principal – DGS Courses INTERNSHIP AT HOME A Report On Internship In DEPARTMENT OF MARINE ENGINEERING By Name : Dhanush R Registration Number : AME19012 Year : 1ST Year Batch : BE(ME)-19 Group : 1 1 Influenza Virus SARS-CoV-2, a member of the family Coronaviridae A virus is a sub microscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses can infect all types of life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1892 article describing a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants, and the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898, more than 6,000 virus species have been described in detail, of the millions of types of viruses in the environment. Viruses are found in almost every ecosystem on Earth and are the most numerous type of biological entity. The study of viruses is known as virology, a subspeciality of microbiology. When infected, a host cell is forced to rapidly produce thousands of identical copies of the original virus. When not inside an infected cell or in the process of infecting a cell, viruses exist in the form of independent particles, or virions, consisting of: (i) the genetic material, i.e. -
Lecture 7 Introduction to Viruses Introduction
Lecture 7 Introduction to Viruses Introduction Virus, parasite with a noncellular structure composed mainly of nucleic acid within a protein coat. Most viruses are too small (100–2,000 Angstrom units) to be seen with the light microscope and thus must be studied by electron microscopes. In one stage of their life cycle, in which they are free and infectious, virus particles do not carry out the functions of living cells, such as respiration and growth; in the other stage, however, viruses enter living plant, animal, or bacterial cells and make use of the host cell's chemical energy and its protein- and nucleic acid–synthesizing ability to replicate themselves. Over 5,000 species of viruses have been discovered. Discovery of Viruses In 1884 the French microbiologist Charles Chamberland invented a filter, known today as the Chamberland filter or Chamberland–Pasteur filter that has pores smaller than bacteria. Thus he could pass a solution containing bacteria through the filter and completely remove them from the solution. In the early 1890s the Russian biologist Dmitri Ivanovsky used this filter to study what became known as the tobacco mosaic virus. His experiments showed that extracts from the crushed leaves of infected tobacco plants remain infectious after filtration. At the same time several other scientists proved that, although these agents (later called viruses) were different from bacteria, they could still cause disease, and they were about one hundredth the size of bacteria. In 1899 the Dutch microbiologist Martinus Beijerinck observed that the agent multiplied only in dividing cells. Having failed to demonstrate its particulate nature he called it a "contagium vivum fluidum", a "soluble living germ". -
Australia's National Heritage
AUSTRALIA’S australia’s national heritage © Commonwealth of Australia, 2010 Published by the Australian Government Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts ISBN: 978-1-921733-02-4 Information in this document may be copied for personal use or published for educational purposes, provided that any extracts are fully acknowledged. Heritage Division Australian Government Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts GPO Box 787 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia Email [email protected] Phone 1800 803 772 Images used throughout are © Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts and associated photographers unless otherwise noted. Front cover images courtesy: Botanic Gardens Trust, Joe Shemesh, Brickendon Estate, Stuart Cohen, iStockphoto Back cover: AGAD, GBRMPA, iStockphoto “Our heritage provides an enduring golden thread that binds our diverse past with our life today and the stories of tomorrow.” Anonymous Willandra Lakes Region II AUSTRALIA’S NATIONAL HERITAGE A message from the Minister Welcome to the second edition of Australia’s National Heritage celebrating the 87 special places on Australia’s National Heritage List. Australia’s heritage places are a source of great national pride. Each and every site tells a unique Australian story. These places and stories have laid the foundations of our shared national identity upon which our communities are built. The treasured places and their stories featured throughout this book represent Australia’s remarkably diverse natural environment. Places such as the Glass House Mountains and the picturesque Australian Alps. Other places celebrate Australia’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander culture—the world’s oldest continuous culture on earth—through places such as the Brewarrina Fish Traps and Mount William Stone Hatchet Quarry. -
Austin Land System Unit Landform Soil Vegetation Area (%) 1
Pages 186-237 2/12/08 11:26 AM Page 195 Austin land system Unit Landform Soil Vegetation area (%) 1. 5% Low ridges and rises – low ridges of Shallow red earths and Scattered (10-20% PFC) shrublands outcropping granite, quartz or greenstone shallow duplex soils on or woodlands usually dominated by and low rises, up to 800 m long and granite or greenstone Acacia aneura (mulga) (SIMS). 2-25 m high, and short footslopes with (4b, 5c, 7a, 7b). abundant mantles of cobbles and pebbles. 2. 80% Saline stony plains – gently undulating Shallow duplex soils on Very scattered to scattered (2.5- plains extending up to 3 km, commonly greenstone (7b). 20% PFC) Maireana spp. low with mantles of abundant to very abundant shrublands (SBMS), Maireana quartz or ironstone pebbles. species include M. pyramidata (sago bush), M. glomerifolia (ball- leaf bluebush), M. georgei (George’s bluebush) and M. triptera (three- winged bluebush). 3. 10% Stony plains – gently undulating plains Shallow red earths on Very scattered to scattered (2.5- within or above unit 2; quartz and granite granite (5c). 20% PFC) low shrublands (SGRS). pebble mantles and occasional granite outcrop. 4. <1% Drainage foci – small discrete Red clays of variable depth Moderately close to close (20-50% (10-50 m in diameter) depositional zones, on hardpan or parent rock PFC) acacia woodland or tall occurring sparsely within units 2 and 5. (9a, 9b). shrubland; dominant species are A. aneura and A. tetragonophylla (curara) (GRMU). 5. 5% Drainage lines – very gently inclined Deep red earths (6a). Very scattered (2.5-10% PFC) A linear drainage tracts, mostly unchannelled aneura low woodland or tall but occasionally incised with rills, gutters shrubland (HPMS) or scattered and shallow gullies; variable mantles of Maireana spp.