Leonard Covington and His Namesakes
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Bulletin of the Kenton County Historical Society Website: www.kentoncountyhistoricalsociety.org Email: [email protected] P.O. Box 641 Covington, KY 41012 (859)491-4003 July/August 2018 Leonard Covington and His Namesakes Me and My Dog A Vietnam Veteran Reminisces Leonard Covington and His Namesakes John Boh In 1815, the town of Covington, Kentucky He served the country watching over the mili- took its name in honor of Brigadier General Leonard tary forts and trading posts in the Ohio — Mississippi Covington (born in 1768) who had been killed in corridor: Covington departed from Virginia - wherein 1813 at the Battle of Crysler’s Field in the War of a city was later named for him - to inspect and advise 1812. at frontier forts in Virginia, Newport, Kentucky (under construction) and down river the forts and Early Battles with Ohio Indians trading posts in Tennessee, a state where Covington, Tennessee was later named in his honor. The Treaty of Paris (1783) was negotiated without Native American participation. England ced- In January, 1810 he arrived at the seat of Mis- ed over to the United States the Northwest Territory sissippi territorial government and continued training still occupied by Native American tribes. new troops and other efforts to protect the Natchez trace area. In June 1810 he took charge of the dra- In 1793, General George Washington com- goons and command of Ft. Adams located some 20 missioned Leonard Covington a lieutenant of dra- miles south. In October, 1810, after a revolt against goons. Covington joined the forces of General An- the declining Spanish authority, the U.S. assumed thony Wayne. Reaching Fort Washington, Wayne control and in December, Covington’s forces occu- continued to fortify his troops for battle against tribes pied a section west of the Pearl River, Baton Rouge in the Northwest. Covington lead one of four light and vicinity, in a state where a town was later re- dragoon practicing cavalry charges in present-day Cov- named Covington, Louisiana. ington across from Fort Washington (Cincinnati). In March 1811, Covington was assigned to He distinguished himself at Fort Recovery (one of command a garrison at Fort Stoddard on the Ala- Wayne’s line of forts in his supply line) and in bama River. There, in response to the continued the Battle of Fallen Timbers (August 20, 1794). Spanish threat, he further enhanced American mili- Wayne’s army defeated the Indians to mostly elimi- tary strength with training and maneuvers, thereby nate Indian dangers to Kentucky. Covington re- promoting peace through the winter of 1811-1812. signed on September 12, 1795, to pursue Covington, Georgia was later established along the “agricultural interests.” He served in the state house mail route that provided communications for the of delegates for many years and was elected to Con- 1 fort. gress, serving from March 4, 1805 to March 3, 1807. With the start of war with England and its Leonard Covington and the War of 1812 allies, Leonard Covington, in September, 1812, re- ceived new assignments. In March 1813, his forces Continuing conflict with England during the took possession of territory west of the Perdido River, Napoleonic Wars and a renewed confederacy orga- including the fortress and town of Mobile. After a nized by Tecumseh and others lead into the War of Spanish surrender in April, 1813, and with the terri- 1812. Strengthening U. S. military forces, President tory secured for the time being, Covington was or- Jefferson in 1809 appointed Leonard Covington, who dered north. Later, Covington County, Alabama had retired to civilian life, Lieutenant Colonel, Light and Covington County, Mississippi were named in Dragoons, then the only regiment of Dragoons in the his honor. During his trip north, Covington again American army. inspected frontier army and trading posts.2 2 After hurried consultations in Washington had even envisioned capturing Montreal. The British and elsewhere, Covington departed, and on July 28, reported casualties of about 30 killed, 150 wounded, 1813 arrived at Sackets Harbor on Lake Ontario. On and 10 missing. The American report was 102 killed August 1, he was promoted to Brigadier General. and 237 wounded, including Covington.3 He died at Just weeks after the American victory at Battle of the French Mills, Franklin County, New York, three days Thames, Covington embarked as part of Major Gen- later.4 He was reinterred at Sackets Harbor, Jefferson eral James Wilkinson's 8,000 troops from Sackets County, New York in August 1820, at a site now Harbor. They would go down the Saint Lawrence called Mount Covington.5 River in gunboats, batteaux and other small craft to 6 meet Major General Wade Hampton’s 4,000 coming Places Named for Lieutenant Covington from Plattsburgh on Lake Champlain. The military Named in honor of Leonard Covington, Cov- goal, however, became unsure, the American officers ington County, Mississippi was established on Janu- failing to communicate and execute a coordinated ary 5, 1819, the population being 19,568 in the 2010 effort in a difficult situation. census. Mississippi became the 20th state in the un- ion on December 10, 1817.7 In the Battle of Crysler's Field (or Farm), north of the St. Lawrence River, fought on November Named for the Brigadier General, Covington 11, 1813, British and Canadian forces defeated U. S. County, Alabama was established on December 17, forces of greater numbers leading to the U. S. aban- 1821, and had a population of 37,765 in 2010. doning the St. Lawrence Campaign, which had in- cluded the battles of the Chateaugua and Crysler's Named also to honor his military achieve- Field, and other skirmishes. The American military ments, Covington, Georgia was founded by Europe- Above: Battle of Fallen Timbers — courtesy Wikipedia.com On the cover: Memorial for the Battle of Crysler’s Field — courtesy Wikipedia.com 3 an immigrants, incorporated in 1822 as the seat of One claim passed along by a local historian is that it the newly organized Newton County. The settlement was so named due to the pleasures of “Blue Grass grew with the advent of the railroad in 1845 and was whiskey”8 made in Covington, Kentucky. By 2010, a incorporated as a city in 1854. In his march to the population of 8,765 was counted.9 sea General Sherman’s troops looted and destroyed much of it but not all of the antebellum homes. Covington, Michigan, it is claimed, was named for the postmaster's home town of Covington, Named in honor of the General, Covington, Kentucky. It was first settled by French-Canadians New York is a town in Wyoming County, with a pop- around 1885. After 1900 the earlier small Swedish ulation of 1,231 in the 2010 census. Also honoring and French population was outnumbered by Finnish the General, and an old fortification in New York, is settlers. Today, it is unincorporated with no popula- the city of Fort Covington, originally the town of tion total given. French Mills, bordering Quebec, Canada to the north with a population of 1,676. Covington, Ohio has a very interesting histo- ry. It was laid out in 1816. Early names were Friend- Covington, Virginia honors the General, a ship, Newberry, and Stillwater. A post office called friend of James Madison and Thomas Jefferson, the Stillwater was established in 1825 and the village was state’s third smallest city with a population of 5,961 incorporated in 1835 as Covington on the site of Fort listed in the 2010 census. Rowdy. A base camp considered a strategic location, Fort Rowdy was a fortification of earth and breast- There are also indirect connections claimed. works built on a bluff overlooking the Stillwater River Covington, Louisiana was first established in 1813 as along Anthony Wayne’s supply line of 1794, also to the town of Wharton by a man named John Wharton protect it from skirmishing Indian attacks. Its associa- Collins. Yet, there is apparently no official record tion with whisky drinking, rowdy soldiers, their wives about how and when it was renamed Covington. and other camp followers perhaps became a scant leg- 4 end, as the fort may also have been named after a Commerce, Mississippi around July 1863 and in Feb- man named Rowdy. Leading into the War of 1812, a ruary 1864 the “transport steamer” Gillum. It pa- portion of Wayne’s military supply route was reused. trolled the Tennessee, Mississippi, and Red River cor- Captain in the Ohio militia and officer in charge, ridor. In a battle on May 5th with shore batteries on George Buchanan had the new stockade and block- the Red River off Pierce’s Landing just below Alexan- house built more strategically farther north of the dria, Louisiana the U. S. S. Covington after five-hours original Fort Rowdy and officially named Fort Bu- had to withdraw to a beach where, beyond repair, it chanan. But it was habitually called Fort Rowdy until was burned by its crew. the religious Buchanan got the Army to confirm its real name by sending mail to “Buchanan’s Block- The German American ocean liner, originally house.” Covington, Ohio is a village in Miami Coun- the S. S. Cincinnati, was confiscated by the U. S. af- ty, counted in the Dayton metropolitan area with a ter entering World War I. Converted to a troop population of 2,584 people in 2010.10 transport ship at the Federal Wharf in Boston, it was “582.2 feet long, 65.2 feet wide and 29 feet deep.” Other Places named Covington Ready for duty in October 1917, the newly christened U. S. S. Covington had four 6-inch guns and two one Covington is not an altogether uncommon pounders and a crew of 785 officers and men.