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11591344.Pdf The Study on Tourism Development Projects in the Arab Republic of Egypt Final Report Main Report Table of Contents Introduction Part I Overview of National Tourism Development 1. Findings on National Tourism Development ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-1 1.1 National Development Plan and Tourism Sector ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-1 1.2 Tourism Development Plans ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-7 1.3 Tourism Administration and Activities ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-15 1.4 Tourism Products and Tourism Market ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-25 1.5 Tourism Facilities ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-46 1.6 Transportation ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-50 1.7 Environment ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-56 1.8 Tourism Services and Human Resource Development ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-62 1.9 Major Development Issues ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-66 2. Development Framework and Priority Areas ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-1 2.1 Development Scenario and Framework・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-1 2.2 Socioeconomic Impacts ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-8 2.3 Selection of Priority Areas・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-11 Part II Upper Egypt Regional Tourism Development 1. Existing Condition・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-1 1.1 Socio-economy ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-1 1.2 Tourism Products and Tourism Market ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-9 1.3 Tourism Accommodation・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-13 1.4 Transportation and Infrastructure ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-20 1.5 Environment ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-27 2. Upper Egypt Tourism Development Plan ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-1 2.1 Development Goals and Basic Development Strategies ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-1 2.2 Tourism Products Development・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-3 2.3 Market Development ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-7 2.4 Tourism Structure ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-12 2.5 Development Framework ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-18 2.6 Tourism Development Plan for Upper Nile・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-28 2.7 Tourism Development Plan for the Red Sea ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-43 2.8 Transportation and Infrastructure ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-59 2.9 Socio-economic Impact ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-70 2.10 Environmental Management ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-77 3. Priority Projects and Programs ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 3-1 3.1 Selection of Projects and Programs ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 3-1 3.2 Selected Projects and Programs for Further Study ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 3-4 Conclusions List of Tables Part I Overview of National Tourism Development Table 1.1.1 Major Economic Indicators of Egypt and the 21st Century・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-3 Table 1.1.2 GDP Growth Targets of Main Sectors under the Fourth Five-Year Development Plan ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-3 Table 1.1.3 Investment by Sector under the Fourth Five-Year Development Plan・・・・ 1-4 Table 1.1.4 Gross Domestic Product in 2012 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-4 Table 1.1.5 Current Performance of the Tourism Sector (1996/97) ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-5 Table 1.1.6 Development Target in Tourism Sector ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-5 Table 1.1.7 Total Investment Cost for Tourism Development in 1997/98 to 2011/12 ・ 1-6 Table 1.2.1 Chronological Events of Tourism Development ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-7 Table 1.2.2 Tourism Regions and Tourism Subregions ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-8 Table 1.2.3 Development Framework of the National Plan for Tourism ・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-9 Table 1.2.4 Name of Tourism Zones/Priority Areas ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-11 Table 1.2.5 Accommodation Capacity which must be added until 2012 ・・・・・・・・・・ 1-13 Table 1.2.6 Designated Priority Areas by Each Plan ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-14 Table 1.3.1 ETA’s Budget ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-18 Table 1.3.2 TDA’s Income ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-20 Table 1.3.3 TDA’s Expenditure in 1998/99 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-21 Table 1.3.4 TDA’s Investment Projects under the 4th Five Year Plan ・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-22 Table 1.4.1 Classification of Tourism Resources ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-27 Table 1.4.2 Characteristics of Cairo Sub-region・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-29 Table 1.4.3 Characteristics of Upper Nile Sub-region ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-30 Table 1.4.4 Characteristics of South Sinai Sub-region ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-30 Table 1.4.5 Characteristics of Red Sea Sub-region・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-31 Table 1.4.6 Characteristics of Alexandria Sub-region ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-31 Table 1.4.7 Overview of Tourism Regions ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-32 Table 1.4.8 World Tourism Trend ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-35 Table 1.4.9 Bed Nights and Average Length of Stay ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-37 Table 1.4.10 Share of Visitors by Region of Origin ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-37 Table 1.4.11 Main Countries of Origin・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-37 Table 1.4.12 Share of Bed Nights by Region of Origin ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-38 Table 1.4.13 Average Length of Stay by Region of Origin ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-38 Table 1.4.14 Share of Hotel Guests in Major Six Destinations ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-39 Table 1.4.15 Share of Bed Nights by Destination・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-40 Table 1.4.16 Average Length of Stay by Destination ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-40 Table 1.4.17 Tourist Expenditure by Region of Origin・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-40 Table 1.4.18 Share of Visitors by Age Group and by Region of Origin ・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-41 Table 1.4.19 Frequency of Visit of Individual Visitors by Region of Origin ・・・・・・・・ 1-41 Table 1.4.20 Results of Interview of Travel Agents in Europe and Japan ・・・・・・・・・・ 1-43 Table 1.5.1 Accommodation in Egypt in 1997 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-46 Table 1.5.2 Distribution of Rooms by Hotel Rank in 1997 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-46 Table 1.5.3 Number of Hotel Rooms in Tourism Regions ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-47 Table 1.5.4 Number of Tourist Establishments by Tourism Region in 1997 ・・・・・・・ 1-47 Table 1.5.5 Target Number of Visitor Arrivals, Bed Nights and Required Accommodation・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-48 Table 1.6.1 Number of Flight by Major Airport in 1997 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-51 Table 1.6.2 Number of Passengers by Major Airport in 1997 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-51 Table 1.6.3 Types of ENR Lines ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-53 Table 1.6.4 List of First Class Lines ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-54 Table 1.7.1 List of Other Environmental Laws, Decrees and Regulations ・・・・・・・・・ 1-57 Table 1.7.2 Existing Natural Protectorates and Proposed Natural Protectorates ・・・・ 1-57 Table 1.8.1 Evaluation of Tourist Services ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-62 Table 1.8.2 Employment Structure of Hotels and Tourist Establishments ・・・・・・・・・ 1-64 Table 2.1.1 Number of International visitor arrivals in Egypt and in the World ・・・・・ 2-1 Table 2.1.2 Target number of International visitor arrivals in the Market Share Scenario ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-2 Table 2.1.3 Target Number of International Visitor Arrivals under Ambitious Scenario ・・ ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-2 Table 2.1.4 Target Number of International Visitor Arrivals under Intermediate Scenario ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-3 Table 2.1.5 International Visitor Arrivals under Optimum Scenario ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-4 Table 2.1.6 Egyptian’s Bed Nights at Hotels ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-5 Table 2.1.7 Target Figures for National Accommodation Framework ・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-5 Table 2.1.8 Target Numbers of National Tourist Nights, Tourists and Rooms Required2-6 Table 2.1.9 Distribution of Accommodation by Tourism Region/Tourism Sub-region 2-7 Table 2.2.1 Additional Employment of Tourism Sector until 2012 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-8 Table 2.2.2 Tourist Nights and Expenditure in 2012 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-9 Table 2.2.3 Tourist Expenditure Structure in 2012 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-9 Table 2.2.4 Contribution of Tourism to GDP in 2012・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-10 Table 2.3.1 Analysis of Existing Conditions by Tourism Region・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-13 Table 2.3.2 Analysis of Development Conditions by Tourism Region・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-14 Table 2.3.3 Results of Evaluation ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-15 Table 2.3.4 Comparison Chart of Potentiality by Tourism Sub-region・・・・・・・・・・・・ 2-16 Part II Upper Egypt Regional Tourism Development Table 1.1.1 Land Use in Qena, Luxor, Aswan and Red Sea Governorates in 1996 ・・・ 1-1 Table 1.1.2 Population in Qena, Luxor, Aswan and Red Sea Governorates in 1996 ・・ 1-1 Table 1.1.3 Population of Cities in Red Sea Governorate in 1999 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-2 Table 1.1.4 Total Number of Households and Family Structure in 1996 ・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-2 Table 1.1.5 GRDP by Sector in Qena, Aswan and Red Sea Governorates in 1993/94・ 1-3 Table 1.1.6 Share of Employment by Sector and GRDP per Capita in Qena, Aswan and Red Sea Governorates in 1996・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ 1-3 Table 1.1.7 Number of Illegal Settlements and their Population in Upper Egypt in 1996 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
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