Technical Reference

Red Hat Virtualization 4.1 Technical Reference The Technical Architecture of Red Hat Virtualization Environments Last Updated: 2018-07-30 Red Hat Virtualization 4.1 Technical Reference The Technical Architecture of Red Hat Virtualization Environments Red Hat Virtualization Documentation Team Red Hat Customer Content Services [email protected] Legal Notice Copyright © 2018 Red Hat. This document is licensed by Red Hat under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. If you distribute this document, or a modified version of it, you must provide attribution to Red Hat, Inc. and provide a link to the original. If the document is modified, all Red Hat trademarks must be removed. Red Hat, as the licensor of this document, waives the right to enforce, and agrees not to assert, Section 4d of CC-BY-SA to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law. Red Hat, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, the Shadowman logo, JBoss, OpenShift, Fedora, the Infinity logo, and RHCE are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries. Linux ® is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States and other countries. Java ® is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates. XFS ® is a trademark of Silicon Graphics International Corp. or its subsidiaries in the United States and/or other countries. MySQL ® is a registered trademark of MySQL AB in the United States, the European Union and other countries. Node.js ® is an official trademark of Joyent. Red Hat Software Collections is not formally related to or endorsed by the official Joyent Node.js open source or commercial project. The OpenStack ® Word Mark and OpenStack logo are either registered trademarks/service marks or trademarks/service marks of the OpenStack Foundation, in the United States and other countries and are used with the OpenStack Foundation's permission. We are not affiliated with, endorsed or sponsored by the OpenStack Foundation, or the OpenStack community. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Abstract This reference documents the concepts, components, and technologies used in a Red Hat Virtualization environment. Table of Contents Table of Contents .C .H . A. P. .T .E .R . .1 .. .I N. .T .R .O . D. .U .C . T. I.O . N. .4 . 1.1. RED HAT VIRTUALIZATION MANAGER 4 1.2. RED HAT VIRTUALIZATION HOST 4 1.3. INTERFACES FOR ACCESSING THE MANAGER 6 1.4. COMPONENTS THAT SUPPORT THE MANAGER 7 1.5. STORAGE 8 1.6. NETWORK 9 1.7. DATA CENTERS 12 .C .H . A. P. .T .E .R . .2 .. .S .T . O. R. .A . G. E. .1 .3 . 2.1. STORAGE DOMAINS OVERVIEW 13 2.2. TYPES OF STORAGE BACKING STORAGE DOMAINS 13 2.3. STORAGE DOMAIN TYPES 14 2.4. STORAGE FORMATS FOR VIRTUAL DISKS 14 2.5. VIRTUAL DISK STORAGE ALLOCATION POLICIES 14 2.6. STORAGE METADATA VERSIONS IN RED HAT VIRTUALIZATION 15 2.7. STORAGE DOMAIN AUTORECOVERY IN RED HAT VIRTUALIZATION 16 2.8. THE STORAGE POOL MANAGER 16 2.9. STORAGE POOL MANAGER SELECTION PROCESS 17 2.10. EXCLUSIVE RESOURCES AND SANLOCK IN RED HAT VIRTUALIZATION 18 2.11. THIN PROVISIONING AND STORAGE OVER-COMMITMENT 19 2.12. LOGICAL VOLUME EXTENSION 19 .C .H . A. P. .T .E .R . .3 .. .N . E. T. W. O. R. .K . .2 .1 . 3.1. NETWORK ARCHITECTURE 21 3.2. INTRODUCTION: BASIC NETWORKING TERMS 21 3.3. NETWORK INTERFACE CONTROLLER 21 3.4. BRIDGE 21 3.5. BONDS 22 3.6. SWITCH CONFIGURATION FOR BONDING 23 3.7. VIRTUAL NETWORK INTERFACE CARDS 23 3.8. VIRTUAL LAN (VLAN) 25 3.9. NETWORK LABELS 25 3.10. CLUSTER NETWORKING 26 3.11. LOGICAL NETWORKS 28 3.12. REQUIRED NETWORKS, OPTIONAL NETWORKS, AND VIRTUAL MACHINE NETWORKS 29 3.13. VIRTUAL MACHINE CONNECTIVITY 29 3.14. PORT MIRRORING 29 3.15. HOST NETWORKING CONFIGURATIONS 30 .C .H . A. P. .T .E .R . .4 .. .P .O . W. E. R. M. .A .N . A. G. .E . M. .E .N . T. .3 .1 . 4.1. INTRODUCTION TO POWER MANAGEMENT AND FENCING 31 4.2. POWER MANAGEMENT BY PROXY IN RED HAT VIRTUALIZATION 31 4.3. POWER MANAGEMENT 31 4.4. FENCING 32 4.5. SOFT-FENCING HOSTS 33 4.6. USING MULTIPLE POWER MANAGEMENT FENCING AGENTS 34 .C .H . A. P. .T .E .R . .5 .. .L .O . A. .D . B. .A .L . A. N. .C .I N. .G . ,. S. C. .H . E. D. .U .L .I N. .G . ,. A. N. .D . .M . I.G .R . A. .T .I O. .N . .3 .5 . 5.1. LOAD BALANCING, SCHEDULING, AND MIGRATION 35 5.2. LOAD BALANCING POLICY 35 5.3. LOAD BALANCING POLICY: VM_EVENLY_DISTRIBUTED 35 1 Technical Reference 5.4. LOAD BALANCING POLICY: EVENLY_DISTRIBUTED 36 5.5. LOAD BALANCING POLICY: POWER_SAVING 36 5.6. LOAD BALANCING POLICY: NONE 37 5.7. LOAD BALANCING POLICY: CLUSTER_MAINTENANCE 37 5.8. HIGHLY AVAILABLE VIRTUAL MACHINE RESERVATION 37 5.9. SCHEDULING 37 5.10. MIGRATION 38 .C .H . A. P. .T .E .R . .6 .. .D . I.R .E . C. T. O. .R . Y. .S . E. R. .V .I C. .E .S . .3 .9 . 6.1. DIRECTORY SERVICES 39 6.2. LOCAL AUTHENTICATION: INTERNAL DOMAIN 39 6.3. REMOTE AUTHENTICATION USING GSSAPI 39 .C .H . A. P. .T .E .R . .7 .. .T .E . M. .P .L .A . T. E. S. A. N. .D . .P .O . O. .L .S . .4 .1 . 7.1. TEMPLATES AND POOLS 41 7.2. TEMPLATES 41 7.3. POOLS 42 .C .H . A. P. .T .E .R . .8 .. .V .I R. .T .U . A. L. M. .A .C . H. I.N . E. .S . N. .A .P . S. H. .O .T . S. .4 .3 . 8.1. SNAPSHOTS 43 8.2. LIVE SNAPSHOTS IN RED HAT VIRTUALIZATION 43 8.3. SNAPSHOT CREATION 44 8.4. SNAPSHOT PREVIEWS 45 8.5. SNAPSHOT DELETION 46 .C .H . A. P. .T .E .R . .9 .. .H . A. R. .D .W . .A .R . E. .D . R. .I V. E. R. .S . .A .N . D. .D . E. V. .I C. E. .S . .4 .8 . 9.1. VIRTUALIZED HARDWARE 48 9.2. STABLE DEVICE ADDRESSES IN RED HAT VIRTUALIZATION 48 9.3. CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU) 48 9.4. SYSTEM DEVICES 49 9.5. NETWORK DEVICES 49 9.6. GRAPHICS DEVICES 49 9.7. STORAGE DEVICES 49 9.8. SOUND DEVICES 50 9.9. SERIAL DRIVER 50 9.10. BALLOON DRIVER 50 .C .H . A. P. .T .E .R . .1 .0 .. .M . I.N . I.M . U. M. R. .E .Q . U. .I R. E. .M . E. N. .T .S . A. .N . D. .T .E . C. H. .N . I.C .A . L. .L .I M. .I T. A. .T .I O. .N . S. .5 .1 . 10.1. MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS AND SUPPORTED LIMITS 51 10.2. RESOURCE LIMITATIONS 51 10.3. CLUSTER LIMITATIONS 51 10.4. STORAGE DOMAIN LIMITATIONS 51 10.5. RED HAT VIRTUALIZATION MANAGER LIMITATIONS 52 10.6. HOST REQUIREMENTS 52 10.7. GUEST REQUIREMENTS AND SUPPORT LIMITS 52 10.8. SPICE LIMITATIONS 52 10.9. ADDITIONAL REFERENCES 53 2 Table of Contents 3 Technical Reference CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. RED HAT VIRTUALIZATION MANAGER The Red Hat Virtualization Manager provides centralized management for a.

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