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Vision: from Photon to Perception
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 93, pp. 557-559, January 1996 Colloquium Paper This paper serves as an introduction to the foUlowing papers, which were presented at a colloquium entitled "Vision: From Photon to Perception, " organized by John Dowling, Lubert Stryer (chair), and Torsten Wiesel, held May 20-22, 1995, at the National Academy of Sciences in Irvine, CA. Vision: From photon to perception LUBERT STRYER Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 A National Academy of Sciences colloquium entitled "Vision: vation pathway. A rich harvest is being reaped from the From Photon to Perception" was held at the Beckman Center concerted use of electrophysiological and molecular genetic of the Academy in Irvine, California, on May 20-22, 1995. The techniques. meeting was organized by John Dowling, Lubert Stryer (chair), A workshop entitled "Amplification in Phototransduction," and Torsten Wiesel. The aim of the colloquium was to bring chaired by Trevor Lamb, further explored the cyclic GMP together leading scientists and students from different disci- cascade of vertebrate vision. Lamb (2) presented a stochastic plines ofvision research ranging from physics to psychology to simulation of the photoactivation of the cyclic GMP phos- define and explore the most challenging questions in the field. phodiesterase. The simulated rising phase of the photocurrent One hundred forty scientists participated in the colloquium. agrees closely with the response of intact rods as measured We are indebted to Silicon Graphics, Inc., and the Ruth and electrophysiologically. This modeling approach will be useful Milton Steinbach Fund, Inc., for generous grants that helped in testing our emerging grasp ofhow the cascade is deactivated. -
To Serve at the Pleasure of the President
2 Update Endeavour Vol.33 No.1 publishing, church reform, professionalization, gender into the world of Victorian science publishing offer import- dynamics, visual spectacle and social change, and he ant lessons for our own era’s continuing struggle with the makes substantial contributions to understanding the question of scientific authority. relationship between those matters and science. Histor- ians interested in any of these issues will find this book 0160-9327/$ – see front matter ß 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. enriching and thought provoking. The author’s insights doi:10.1016/j.endeavour.2009.01.001 Book Review To serve at the pleasure of the President In Sputnik’s Shadow: The President’s Science Advisory Committee and Cold War America by Zouyue Wang, Rutgers University Press (2008), 455 pp. + xix, $49.95, ISBN 978-0-8135-4331-4 Rena Selya* Department of History, UCLA, 6265 Bunche Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1473, USA In Sputnik’s Shadow is a comprehensive 1957. Even before Sputnik, he had relied heavily on the history of the President’s Science Advisory Office of Defense Mobilization Science Advisory Commit- Committee (PSAC) from its 1957 incep- tee and its various studies and panels for guidance, and tion by President Eisenhower to its dis- many of the members of ODM-SAC were invited to join solution by President Nixon in 1973. In PSAC. Although their first tasks were focused narrowly on Zouyue Wang’s detailed account, the Pre- restoring American scientific prestige after the embar- sident, the individual members of the rassment of Sputnik, PSAC soon became Eisenhower’s Committee and the chair, who was the source for clear advice on matters that were not strictly President’s special assistant for science scientific. -
Ira Sprague Bowen Papers, 1940-1973
http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf2p300278 No online items Inventory of the Ira Sprague Bowen Papers, 1940-1973 Processed by Ronald S. Brashear; machine-readable finding aid created by Gabriela A. Montoya Manuscripts Department The Huntington Library 1151 Oxford Road San Marino, California 91108 Phone: (626) 405-2203 Fax: (626) 449-5720 Email: [email protected] URL: http://www.huntington.org/huntingtonlibrary.aspx?id=554 © 1998 The Huntington Library. All rights reserved. Observatories of the Carnegie Institution of Washington Collection Inventory of the Ira Sprague 1 Bowen Papers, 1940-1973 Observatories of the Carnegie Institution of Washington Collection Inventory of the Ira Sprague Bowen Paper, 1940-1973 The Huntington Library San Marino, California Contact Information Manuscripts Department The Huntington Library 1151 Oxford Road San Marino, California 91108 Phone: (626) 405-2203 Fax: (626) 449-5720 Email: [email protected] URL: http://www.huntington.org/huntingtonlibrary.aspx?id=554 Processed by: Ronald S. Brashear Encoded by: Gabriela A. Montoya © 1998 The Huntington Library. All rights reserved. Descriptive Summary Title: Ira Sprague Bowen Papers, Date (inclusive): 1940-1973 Creator: Bowen, Ira Sprague Extent: Approximately 29,000 pieces in 88 boxes Repository: The Huntington Library San Marino, California 91108 Language: English. Provenance Placed on permanent deposit in the Huntington Library by the Observatories of the Carnegie Institution of Washington Collection. This was done in 1989 as part of a letter of agreement (dated November 5, 1987) between the Huntington and the Carnegie Observatories. The papers have yet to be officially accessioned. Cataloging of the papers was completed in 1989 prior to their transfer to the Huntington. -
Volume LX I, I 9
CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE Of TECHNOLOGY E N GI N E E Volume LX I, N II1llber 3, I 9 9 8 IN THIS ISSUE • Prosecuting Science Simulating Molecules Observing Anniversaries London Bridge? The Manhattan skyline? No, it's an oil refinery. figuring out how to squeeze more gasoline rrom a barrel or crude is just one project a group or theoretical chemists at Caltech have taken on in a series or academic industrial collaborations. for more on this partner sh ip, see the story on page 20. Photo courtesy or Chevron Corporation. \ California Inst i tute of Technology 2 Random Wa l k 10 Scie ntific Fraud and Misconduct in American Po litica l Cu lture : Reflections on the Baltimore Case - by Dan ie l J. Kevles Excessive zeal on the part of legislators and the media hyped public suspicion of scientists' behavior. 20 " H ave Method , Wi ll T rave l" - by Douglas L. Smi t h Computational chemistry ventures into the Real World as Cal tech theorists tackle industrial problems. 30 Tw o A s tronomical Anniv ers aries : Palomar at 50 Still going strong , the hale and hearty Hale Telescope hits the half century mark. 36 ... and OVRO at 40 Radio astronomers parry, too. On t he Cover: The six IO.4·meter antennas (one 42 Boo ks - The Earth in Tf{rmoil by Kerr y Si eh a n d S i mon LeVay is hidden behind the others here) of the Owe ns 43 Faculty Fil e Valley Radio Observat ory millimeter· wave array can receive signals from up t o Engineering & Science (ISSN 0013-7812) is published Warren G. -
Medical Advisory Board September 1, 2006–August 31, 2007
hoWard hughes medical iNstitute 2007 annual report What’s Next h o W ard hughes medical i 4000 oNes Bridge road chevy chase, marylaNd 20815-6789 www.hhmi.org N stitute 2007 a nn ual report What’s Next Letter from the president 2 The primary purpose and objective of the conversation: wiLLiam r. Lummis 6 Howard Hughes Medical Institute shall be the promotion of human knowledge within the CREDITS thiNkiNg field of the basic sciences (principally the field of like medical research and education) and the a scieNtist 8 effective application thereof for the benefit of mankind. Page 1 Page 25 Page 43 Page 50 seeiNg Illustration by Riccardo Vecchio Südhof: Paul Fetters; Fuchs: Janelia Farm lab: © Photography Neurotoxin (Brunger & Chapman): Page 3 Matthew Septimus; SCNT images: by Brad Feinknopf; First level of Rongsheng Jin and Axel Brunger; iN Bruce Weller Blake Porch and Chris Vargas/HHMI lab building: © Photography by Shadlen: Paul Fetters; Mouse Page 6 Page 26 Brad Feinknopf (Tsai): Li-Huei Tsai; Zoghbi: Agapito NeW Illustration by Riccardo Vecchio Arabidopsis: Laboratory of Joanne Page 44 Sanchez/Baylor College 14 Page 8 Chory; Chory: Courtesy of Salk Janelia Farm guest housing: © Jeff Page 51 Ways Illustration by Riccardo Vecchio Institute Goldberg/Esto; Dudman: Matthew Szostak: Mark Wilson; Evans: Fred Page 10 Page 27 Septimus; Lee: Oliver Wien; Greaves/PR Newswire, © HHMI; Mello: Erika Larsen; Hannon: Zack Rosenthal: Paul Fetters; Students: Leonardo: Paul Fetters; Riddiford: Steitz: Harold Shapiro; Lefkowitz: capacity Seckler/AP, © HHMI; Lowe: Zack Paul Fetters; Map: Reprinted by Paul Fetters; Truman: Paul Fetters Stewart Waller/PR Newswire, Seckler/AP, © HHMI permission from Macmillan Page 46 © HHMI for Page 12 Publishers, Ltd.: Nature vol. -
Table of Contents
AAS Newsletter September/October 2012, Issue 166 - Published for the Members of the American Astronomical Society Table of Contents 2 President’s Column 17 Committee on the Status of Women in 4 From the Executive Office Astronomy 5 What Makes an Astronomy Story 18 News from NSF Division of Astronomical Newsworthy? Sciences (AST) 6 Journals Update 20 JWST Update 9 Secretary's Corner 21 HAD News 9 Council Actions 21 Honored Elsewhere 10 The AAS Heeds the Call of the Wild 22 Announcements 16 Committee on Employment 23 Calendar of Events 25 Washington News A A S American Astronomical Society AAS Officers President's Column David J. Helfand, President Debra M. Elmegreen, Past President David J. Helfand, [email protected] Nicholas B. Suntzeff, Vice-President Edward B. Churchwell, Vice-President Paula Szkody, Vice-President Hervey (Peter) Stockman, Treasurer G. Fritz Benedict, Secretary Anne P. Cowley, Publications Board Chair Edward E. Prather, Education Officer At 1:32AM Eastern time on 6 Councilors August, the Mars Science Laboratory Bruce Balick Nancy S. Brickhouse and its charmingly named rover, Eileen D. Friel Curiosity, executed a perfect landing Edward F. Guinan Todd J. Henry in Gale Crater. President Obama Steven D. Kawaler called the highly complex landing Patricia Knezek Robert Mathieu procedure “an unprecedented feat of Angela Speck technology that will stand as a point Executive Office Staff of pride far into the future.” While Kevin B. Marvel, Executive Officer we certainly hope Curiosity’s lifetime Tracy Beale, Registrar & Meeting Coordinator Chris Biemesderfer, Director of Publishing on Mars is a long one, we must all Sherri Brown, Membership Services continue to make the case that we Coordinator Kelly E. -
Schedule of C Ourses
2017–2018 Schedule of Courses Schedule The David Rockefeller Graduate Program offers a Required reading: Molecular Biology of the Cell by Bruce Alberts et al.; Molecular Cell Biology by James E. Darnell et al. selection of courses, many of which students can Recommended reading: Basic Histology by Luiz Carlos Junqueira choose based on their interests and area of thesis et al. research. Organized by Rockefeller faculty, and taught Method of evaluation: Attendance, participation in the discussions, by scientists at the top of their fields, both from within student presentations, and a final oral exam and outside of the university, these courses are designed to provide a stimulating and dynamic curriculum that Cell Cycle Control students can tailor to fit their personal goals, in FREDERICK R. CROSS and HIRONORI FUNABIKI consultation with the dean of graduate studies. This seminar explores the current understanding of eukaryotic cell cycle control. Topics include the construction of a biochemical oscillator and overall structure of cell cycle control; positive and Biochemical and Biophysical Methods negative control of DNA replication; spindle morphogenesis and function; chromosome cohesion control; surveillance mechanisms SETH A. DARST and MICHAEL P. ROUT (checkpoints) monitoring spindle and DNA integrity; and control of This course presents the fundamental principles of biochemistry proliferation (start/restriction point control). The seminar relies heavily and biophysics, with an emphasis on methodologies. It addresses on studies in model organisms, but the emphasis throughout will be issues of protein and nucleic acid structure and the forces that on aspects of cell cycle control conserved among eukaryotes. underlie stability and govern the formation of specific three- Class length and frequency: 2.5-hour lecture and discussion, dimensional structures. -
Scientific Fraud ) !J." } .::; :"I~ I ::.T:U!O L.~ 4-F, J T.F;;
California Institute of Technology Engineering & Science Winter 1991 7 _ 4 In this i.sue I;', ~l. 1,150/" q-, >'h 11 1,3t J,~, ~ ~ 0 '., ';.. '".l.l b: -)1 f' I.f): ., 0.',)9 First Lights > 1-" I , - , ,,LJ~'7 Scientific Fraud ) !J." } .::; :"I~ I ::.t:u!o l.~ 4-f, j t.f;; . - '-I~ /2.- .o1l-/r, I) .... ,; "'. t'+t -. 'b~, 1.1 If • ~ ~ ;,, ~I loJ I( 1",_ Technology Lf~IOr 3f7U " i~ "" If l!f Transfer /1 11 " • , ;,).lJ h~ ,, ~ ~ "!> ~, "_ /.>, Is ~I ).. a.- I ~ 4; 7 Semiconductor I I >'f , ,, 1> "II , .... ., Quality Control 'Is i" ,, 0,./, 'i 'l{'1- , ~ ' '''1 i' r 'I $7(, '>'/11 "-1, > • ~'i 1,0:, ~ ~ .., ~I -: /' q, ' " c. t. , u- f'! ~~~ ":lk.i e ... ,- , 11J 3 0 'f l.- , . fo'l' '" ~. "f I ~. (,. I ~ - '>- , ? tl6 . o I,! .,.!- .. - 31.r~{, ) .' J S"7 J. ) , F., a The 10·meter Keck Telescope saw first light in November 1990. California Institute of Technology Winter 1991 Volume LlV, Number 2 2 First Lights The lO-rneter Keck Telescope, with one quarter of its mirror segments installed, produces its first image; its predecessors had different definitions of "first light," as well as different problems. 10 Scientific Fraud - by David Goodstein Caltech's vice provost offers an opinion of what it is and what it isn't, and defends a couple of famous physicists against false charges. 20 Deposit Insurance The layers that make up a computer chip are deposited inside a sealed chamber. A new way to see what's going on within the chamber can improve chip quality. -
Dancing to the Tempo of LEP
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS CERN COURIER VOLUME 40 NUMBER 10 DECEMBER 2000 Dancing to the tempo of LEP SPIN SUPERSYMMETRY INTERNET Polarized protons accelerated Striking suggestions for How the Web was Born, a new in new RHIC ring p8 additional physics symmetry pl7 book p43 E RI Hew Gêner CES Creative Electronic Systems 70 route du Hunt-dun*! CH-1213 Petit-Uncy, Switzerland Internet: nttp://www.ces.cft I The Ultimate VME Machine CES Switzeriand The RI03 features a twin bus architecture, a Tel: ^41.22.879.51.00 ifque fnter-processor communication mechanism Fax: +4U2.792.57.4d Email; [email protected] for ultra-high-speed data acquisitions g and user-level load balance control CES.O Germany with dedicated hardware. Tel: +49.60.51.96.97.41 Fax; +49.60,51.96.97.33 Sheer Speed: Êttuiil: [email protected] # • VME - block transfers in 2eSST at CES MSâ 300 MBytes/s, single cycles at 20 MBytes/s Tel:+ 1.518.843.1445 Fax;+1.518.643.1447 * Memory - 400 MBytes/s average, Email: [email protected] 800 MBytes/s peak • Multi-Access - VME + PCM + PCI 2 + CPU without global degradation CPU Power: PowerPC 750 or 7400 at maximum available speed I Flexible: Two Independent 64-bit PCI with simultaneous access to the memory I Scalable: Up to four additional PMC's on a PMC carrier system MFCC 844x PMC PROCESSORS • 130 KGates user-FPGA • Continuous acquisition at 50 MBytes/s In 32 or 64~bit mode • Full 750 / 7400 computing core • Full network services on PCI * Complete multi-processing software with connection oriented high-speed data transfers SOFTWARE SUPPORT VxWorics®, Lynxob®, muecat® and LINUX® development software including support for hard real-time target machines. -
Journal of Biomedical Discovery and Collaboration
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE Journal of Biomedical Discovery and provided by PubMed Central Collaboration BioMed Central Case Study Open Access The emergence and diffusion of DNA microarray technology Tim Lenoir*† and Eric Giannella† Address: Jenkins Collaboratory for New Technologies in Society, Duke University, John Hope Franklin Center, 2204 Erwin Road, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0402, USA Email: Tim Lenoir* - [email protected]; Eric Giannella - [email protected] * Corresponding author †Equal contributors Published: 22 August 2006 Received: 09 August 2006 Accepted: 22 August 2006 Journal of Biomedical Discovery and Collaboration 2006, 1:11 doi:10.1186/1747-5333-1-11 This article is available from: http://www.j-biomed-discovery.com/content/1/1/11 © 2006 Lenoir and Giannella; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract The network model of innovation widely adopted among researchers in the economics of science and technology posits relatively porous boundaries between firms and academic research programs and a bi-directional flow of inventions, personnel, and tacit knowledge between sites of university and industry innovation. Moreover, the model suggests that these bi-directional flows should be considered as mutual stimulation of research and invention in both industry and academe, operating as a positive feedback loop. One side of this bi-directional flow – namely; the flow of inventions into industry through the licensing of university-based technologies – has been well studied; but the reverse phenomenon of the stimulation of university research through the absorption of new directions emanating from industry has yet to be investigated in much detail. -
U.S. Astronomy and Astrophysics
U.S. Astronomy and Astrophysics Managing an Integrated Program Committee on the Organization and Management of Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics National Research Council NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS Washington, D.C. Prepublication Manuscript NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This project was supported jointly by the National Science Foundation and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant No. NASW-96013. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the sponsors. Front Cover TBD International Standard Book Number X-XXX-XXXXX-X Additional copies of this report are available from: National Academy Press, 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Lockbox 285, Washington, DC 20055; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area); Internet <http://www.nap.edu>; and Space Studies Board, National Research Council, HA 584, 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20418; Internet <http://www.national-academies.org/ssb>; and Board on Physics and Astronomy, National Research Council, HA 562, 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20418; Internet <http://www.national-academies.org/bpa>. Copyright 2001 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ii Prepublication Manuscript The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. -
Sandra Faber Receives $500,000 Gruber Cosmology Prize
Media Contact: A. Sarah Hreha +1 (203) 432-6231 [email protected] Online Newsroom: www.gruber.yale.edu/news-media SANDRA FABER RECEIVES $500,000 GRUBER COSMOLOGY PRIZE FOR CAREER ACHIEVEMENTS Sandra Faber May 17, 2017, New Haven, CT – The 2017 Gruber Foundation Cosmology Prize recognizes Sandra M. Faber for a body of work that has helped establish many of the foundational principles underlying the modern understanding of the universe on the largest scales. The citation praises Faber for “her groundbreaking studies of the structure, dynamics, and evolution of galaxies.” That work has led to the widespread acceptance of the need to study dark matter, to an appreciation of the inextricable relationship between the presence of dark matter and the formation of galaxies, and to the recognition that black holes reside at the heart of most large galaxies. She has also made significant contributions to the innovations in telescope technology that have revolutionized modern astronomy. Through these myriad achievements, the Gruber citation adds, Faber has “aided and inspired the work of astronomers and cosmologists worldwide.” Faber will receive the $500,000 award as well as a gold medal at a ceremony this fall. Less than a hundred years ago, astronomers were still debating whether our Milky Way Galaxy was the entirety of the universe or if other galaxies existed beyond our own. Today astronomers estimate the number of galaxies within the visible universe at somewhere between 200 billion and 2 trillion. For more than four decades Faber—now Professor Emerita at the University of California, Santa Cruz, and Astronomer Emerita of the University of California Observatories—has served as a pivotal figure in leading and guiding the exploration of this unimaginably vast virgin scientific territory.