Volume 2/ Issue 1 JANUARY 2020 AGING RESEARCH INSTITUTE NEWSLETTER University of Medical Sciences Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (TUOMS)

Editorial We are delighted to offer our Message Bone loss in the craniofacial sincerest congratulations Dear colleagues and skeleton in geriatric patients friends at the Alavi center to our valued Christian in Tabriz! Tannaz Pourlak1 As we pass the winter sol- 1. Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of colleagues and followers of stice and enter the last days of 2019, I Medical Sciences, Tabriz, feel an urge to talk about the loss of the Email: [email protected] Jesus Christ, the prophet Tel: +989143116175 real world and its replacement with a Fax: +984133352078 of peace and kindness, on virtual world. The advent of the internet new year. We hope that and the subsequent introduction of so- Age-related bone loss has been little stud- cial media, along with the loss of written ied in the craniofacial skeleton exceptions the coming year will be books and printed papers, contributed to of the mandible and the maxilla. Consist- full of success, prosperity, the plunge of humanity into an artificial ent with the importance of the mandible world that exists only in people’s heads and maxilla in mastication and facial ap- and peace for all nations. and in the computers where the digitized pearance, a lot of studies focus on these We wish you a year full of instructions reside with little similarity to bones. However, because of edentulism or affinity with the world that they mimic. and periodontal disease, two commonly happiness and health. If visitors from an alien world were to encountered conditions that can inde- Happy 2020. come upon the earth at a time in the fu- pendently cause bone loss, the mandible ture when all computers and networks and maxilla have also proved to be in- Sketch: Ali Shamekh, Medical Student of TUOMS had been turned off, as in The Second volved in complex situations of aging-as- Sleep, they would have no chance to im- sociated osteopenia. Tooth loss causes to Biography: Prof. Soodabeh Davaran agine the images that these machines localized bone loss, for the reason that it once invoked in the observers of the eradicates a source of mechanical load- screens and pads and readers when ing and maybe stem cells and growth the devices were active. The interesting factors (in the periodontium) are main in question is whether the visiting aliens sustaining bone mass, predominantly in would be able to make sense of the in- the alveolar bone that surrounds the tooth structions and feed them accurately to roots. the machines that they had somehow However, the consensus of most stud- managed somehow to turn on. ies is that there is a naturally happening The dilemma reminds me of the issue of age-related loss of alveolar bone that what the world would be like if humans or arises independently of edentulism and other potential observers were not there periodontal disease. Furthermore, there to interpret the signals. Even the ques- looks to be a positive association between tion itself of what it would be “like” would osteoporosis in the postcranial skeleton be meaningless if no one were present and the osteopenia that happens in the to interpret the signals. This may happen alveolus [1]. Wactawski-Wende et al. [2] in the future but has not happened yet. compared the risk (odds ratio; OR) of loss Fortunately, there is still time during the of alveolar bone with the severity of loss Professor Soodabeh Davaran was born in 1965 in Tabriz, Iran. She received current turning of the wheel of years to in bone mineral density in another place in her PhD in Polymer Chemistry (Pharmaceutical Biomaterial) in 1996 from safely indulge in the admiration of the the body. The data display that the greater Tabriz University and getting her professor rank in chemistry department in world itself and ponder these philosoph- the systemic osteoporosis, the higher the 2008 from the Faculty of Pharmacy at the Tabriz University of Medical Scienc- ical questions, even without the aid of risk of alveolar bone loss. For example, es (TUOMS). At present, she is the head of nanomedicine department in the internet and networks and social media, after adjustment for different co-factors School Of Advanced Medical Sciences, TUOMS. Professor Davaran has pub- other than those our brains are equipped containing age, weight, hormone use and lished about 200 papers in international journals. She has also registered 15 with, courtesy of the generosity of evolu- education, the OR for alveolar crest bone national patents in the field of novel drug delivery systems and nanomedicine. tion and Nature, whomever she or he or loss for an osteoporotic woman (T score She has supervised more than 60 thesis in the field of pharmacy, nanotechnol- it is. <−2.5) aging 70 years or older is about ogy, and biomaterial. She has the highest h index among the female academic The word “wheel” of the wheel of years 3.6[2]. staff in the northwest of Iran. The fields of her research include biomaterial is “hjul” in Danish that also gave rise to As stated by a correlation between the development for drug delivery systems in particular anticancer therapies and the word “jul” for solstice or “Yule” in degree of systemic osteopenia or osteo- tissue engineering especially skin, bone, and cartilage. English, a word that is equally useful to porosis and the loss of alveolar bone, it is She has been involved in the establishment of two research center and set all inhabitants of the world, regardless of not surprising that hormone replacement up of three laboratories at Medical Institute of Tabriz University of Medical which of the many past, present or future therapy (HRT) is efficient in curtailing Sciences. At present, she is the head of nanomedicine department in the Fac- events and changes at the times of the bone loss in both circumstances. ulty of Advanced Medical Sciences. She is the advisor of the East solstices we focus on as individuals or In a double-blinded, placebo controlled Province Governor-General in research and development of women’s affairs. as members of diverse groups. As such, trial done by Civitelli et al. [3] postmeno- In recent years, she has been awarded several prizes. She is also a member of jul or Yule refers to the general solstice, pausal women with no evidence of mod- the editorial board of three scientific journals and a member of the American whether Winter or Summer, depending erate or severe periodontal disease were Chemical Society. Some of her national and international achievements are as on where you live. It is everywhere the treated with conjugated oestrogen (alone follows: season for giving and receiving and re- or in combination with medroxyproges- • The UNESCO Medal for development of Nanosciences and Nanotechnolo- membering, unaided by mindless com- terone) or placebo, and were followed gies. puters, and bringing to mind the togeth- for three years. The results displayed that • First rank in National Razi Festival in Basic Sciences among more than 60 erness that we as humankind depend on. HRT increased alveolar bone mass and universities of medical sciences. Therefore, this letter is for you! perhaps height in parallel with increases • Entitled as “Women Elites of Iran and All Elites around the Islamic World”. May you all enjoy a merry yuletide and a in postcranial bone density in the femur. • Selected as “The world’s top scientist by International biographical canter of happy new turn of the wheel! As noted above, although oral bone loss Cambridge”. Prof. Albert Gjedde arises in most individuals as a part [Cont.] • Top Researcher in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Editorial Biography Messages The International Mini Review Top Article Student Letter International Healthy Aging Projects Network (iHAN)

1 Volume 2/ Issue 1 AGING RESEARCH INSTITUTE NEWSLETTER JANUARY 2020 Editorial [cont.] of the aging process, the loss of teeth method for maintaining alveolar bone the craniofacial skeleton in geriatric patients. Ag- cranial bone density in postmenopausal women re- remains a very significant factor in de- seems to be the dental implant, provided ing research institute newsletter. 2020 Jan; 2 (1):1 ceiving hormone/estrogen replacement therapy: a References: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. termining the extent and location of oral that the associated restoration lets for 1. Jeffcoat, M. (2005) The association between os- Archives of Internal Medicine, 162, 1409–1415. osteopenia. After the loss of teeth, there balanced occlusal loading on mastica- teoporosis and oral bone loss. Journal of Periodon- 4. Bodic, F., Hamel, L., Lerouxel, E., Baslé, M.F. & is an accelerated resorption of residual tion and that following care controls per- tology, 76(Suppl 11), 2125–2132. Chappard, D. (2005) Bone loss and teeth. Joint, 2. Wactawski-Wende, J., Hausmann, E., Hovey, K., Bone, Spine, 72, 215–221. alveolar bone that keep on for numer- iodontal disease at the implant site. Trevisan, M.,Grossi, S. & Genco, R.J. (2015) The 5. Kingsmill, V.J. (2011) Post-extraction remodeling ous months followed by a slower rate of association between osteoporosis and alveolar of the adult mandible. Critical Reviews in Oral Biol- localized osteopenia that may continue Received: 26 October 2019 crestal height in postmenopausal women. Journal ogy & Medicine, 10, 384–404. of Periodontology, 76(Suppl 11), 2116–2124. 6. Wyatt, C.C. (2010) The effect of prosthodontic for many years, even in the existence Revised: 20 November 2019 Accepted: 7 December 2019 3. Civitelli, R., Pilgram, T.K., Dotson, M., Mucker- treatment on alveolar bone loss: a review of the literature. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 80, 362– of dentures. The loss in the mandible is Keywords: Craniofacial skeleton; Geriatric man, J., Lewandowski, N., Amamento-Villareal, R., 366. about four times greater than that detect- patients; Osteopenia Yokoyama-Crothers, N., Kardaris, E.E., Hauser, J., Cohen, S. & Hildebolt,C.F. (2012) Alveolar and post- ed in the maxilla [4-6]. Presently, the best Please cite this article as: Pourlak T. Bone loss in International Healthy Aging Network (iHAN) The International Alliance of Research (iHAN)’s interaction with IARU: its Aging Research Institute. tute head Prof. Seyyed Kazem Shakouri Universities (IARU), established in 2006, The iHAN organization committee for- Aging Research Institute including Neu- and the main aim of this branch is to play is a network of eleven international re- mally met for the first time in 2009 to in- rosciences Research Center, Research as an organization in 3rd generation uni- search-intensive universities from nine itiate collaboration between researchers Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral versities focusing on converging knowl- countries across the globe. in Denmark, Singapore and Australia, Sciences, and Physical Medicine and Re- edge and technologies (NBICS) and en- The eleven members share similar val- which expanded to include researchers habilitation Research Center has been trepreneurship aims especially startups. ues, a global vision and a commitment to from other universities. The Network established in Tabriz University of Med- Suggested programs of TUOMS branch educating future world leaders. Central meets 4 times a year, often in groups of ical Science (TUOMS) in 2016 in honor of of iHAN are : to these values is the importance of aca- the individual nodes and professor Al- professor Abass Alavi for the his indefat- 1- Developing the Aging Network demic diversity and international collab- bert Gjedde, a Danish-Canadian neuro- igable and resolution to advance aging 2- New international Interdisciplinary oration as reflected in IARU’s principles. scientist and Professor of Neurophysiol- studies. The head of the institute is Prof. Course The IARU Members are the Australian ogy and Pharmacology at the Faculty of Seyed Kazem Shakouri. This institute 3- Networking in in-silico Aging National University, ETH Zurich, National Health Sciences and Center of Neurosci- actually tries to promote national un- 4- Developing Startups Accelerator University of Singapore, Peking Universi- ence at the University of Copenhagen, is derstandings about aging processes by These programs will explain more in the ty, University of California, Berkeley, Uni- the head of the iHAN network. implementation of national and interna- next issues versity of Cambridge, University of Cape Researchers of iHAN include members tional scientific capabilities and cooper- iHAN has also started its activities on so- Town, University of Copenhagen, Uni- from: ation with other global and distinguished cial networks, including Instagram with versity of Oxford, the University of Tokyo Universities of California, yale, johns centers of science. @ihan_tbzmed ID. The content of the and Yale University. Hopkins, Queensland, van Stellenbosch, Peyman Keyhanvar, MD, MBA, Fellow- Instagram page contains material to ac- The Chair of IARU is Dr. Makoto Go- McGill, British Columbia, Aarhus Univer- ship of Technology, who is PhD in Med- quaintance with iHAN and IARU, intro- nokami, the President of the University sity, Copenhagen, Oslo and fortunately ical Nanotechnology and Regenerative ducing members, video report of meet- of Tokyo. The IARU Secretariat is also lo- since 2015, Tabriz University of Medical Medicine, is acting as Head of TUOMS ings and the pioneers of this field. cated at the University of Tokyo. Sciences has joined the network affiliat- iHAN branch and is in charge of organiz- Sara Mohammadzadeh, Shadi Farabi International Healthy Aging Network ed with the University of Copenhagen by ing iHAN , under supervision of the insti- Mini Review Melatonin and age-related disease sized from tryptophan [6],[7]. Melatonin pathways amplifies the inflammatory in the field [7]. It is known that melatonin and so as its metabolites remove reac- Bahman Yousefi1 has a wide distribution within highly response NF-κB mediated. Once the in- 1. Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Labo- developed creatures to very simple or- flammasome is activated, caspase-1 ad- tive oxygen species (ROS) and reac- ratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz Uni- ganisms [7]. Melatonin is the main prod- vances pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18 into their tive nitrogen species (RNS) [13]. Other versity of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. uct of pineal gland and has the role of mature active process and induce their studies showed that melatonin and its Email: [email protected] controlling the circadian and circannual subsequent secretion. Finally, IL-1β and metabolites regulate a variety of mo- Tel: +989146520065 lecular pathways such as proliferation, Fax: +984133342178 [6],[7]. melatonin exists in many extra IL-18 initiate an inflammatory process of pineal tissues and organs independently regulated cell death known as pyropto- apoptosis, and metastasis in different Abstract of the pineal gland including: the retina, sis [9]. One of the other characteristics pathophysiological situations [13],[7]. Aging process leads to different conse- thymus, thyroid, stomach, gastrointesti- is increased oxidative stress causes the Studies showed the presence of mela- quences including losing the function of nal tract, airway epithelium, liver, spleen, accumulation of reactive oxygen spe- tonin receptors in numerous tissues has various tissues, and increasing the pos- pancreas, heart, skeletal muscle, pla- cies and reactive nitrogen species [10]. led to great discoveries of the antioxi- sibility of several disease occurrence. centa, testes, ovaries, cerebral cortex, It has been proved that iNOS expression dant and anti-inflammatory properties However, the exact mechanism of aging kidney, adrenals[6], skin, platelets and in aged rats is higher than young rats of melatonin [6]. The production of reac- remains unknown, but reactive specious bone marrow [7]. Melatonin acts as a [11]. Nitrite levels is a sign to indicate tive oxygen (ROS) and reactive nitrogen accumulation and activation of different multitasking molecule by having antioxi- the nitrosative stress status, which is species (RNS) takes place mainly during inflammation pathways are among the dant, oncostatic, antiaging, and immuno- caused by inflammation [12]. The con- the phases of the metabolic, motor, and most possible mechanisms of aging. modulatory effects [8]. It also prevents temporary increase in lipid peroxidation neural activity, when oxygen consump- Melatonin is a pleiotropic hormone. Pre- cells from oxidative and inflammatory and oxidation of mitochondrial proteins tion is maximal; these activities do not vious studies showed that melatonin act damage [6]. increase the oxidative stress effects. As necessarily occur at night in diurnal an- as an anti-oxidative and anti-inflammato- Following is a detailed mechanism of a result, differential accumulation of oxi- imals. Thus, melatonin may be produced ry agent. Also, various studies showed aging and melatonin’s protective role on dative damage occurs, which can cause in non-pineal cells as a protective mech- that melatonin is capable to reduce the them. impairment of different tissues in the ag- anism against the metabolites of aerobic negative effects of aging. In this study, ing process [10]. metabolism [6]. we will discuss the mechanisms of aging Inflammation and oxidative stress and melatonin on the body by having a in aging Melatonin and its anti-aging capability Melatonin and its protective effects look at previous researches. The inflammatory process which is as- In addition to neural and cardiovascular on age-related disease sociated with aging is called inflammag- systems as well as the liver and ovary, Previous researches indicated that Introduction ing [9]. However the exact mechanism melatonin has documented anti-ageing age-dependent nitrosative status in brain Aging is a complicated process associat- of inflammaging remains unknown, but potential in the other organs as well (Fig. mitochondria was prevented by mela- ed with many different factors which lead it is possible that dysregulation of the 1)(11). Melatonin has been shown to play tonin administration [12]. Variety of stud- to damaged cells and tissues resulting in cytokine network and its homeostasis a critical role in skin functions including ies have demonstrated that melatonin losing function and increasing the risk of plays a critical role in inflammaging. pre- hair cycling and fur pigmentation. can act as an anti-oxidant and anti-in- a wide range of disease [1]. Aging caus- vious studies indicated that several com- Melatonin uses four echanisms to func- flammatory agent in different age-relat- es different abnormalities in cell homeo- mon molecular pathways are associated tion, including 1) interaction with mem- ed disorders. Mitochondria [Cont.] stasis. abnormal inflammation pathways with aging and low-grade inflammation brane receptors, 2) binding to are among the most probable causes in [2]. The main role of inflammation is to nuclear receptors, 3) interac- age-related disease such as cardiovas- restore the physiological homeostatic tion with cytoplasmic proteins Top Article cular disease, diabetes, metabolic syn- state [9]. Several stimuli trigger inflam- and 4) via direct, receptor-inde- Congratulations to Mrs. Somai- drome[2], osteoarthritis [3], neurodegen- mation, including DNA damage [2], met- pendent actions[8]. Melatonin’s yeh Taheri-Targhi, MSc in histo- erative disorders such as Alzheimer’s abolic stress, pathogens, or injury [9]. anti-oxidative action is associat- ry of medicine, TUOMS, on having disease, Parkinson’s disease, Amyo- Aging process cause impairment in the ed with increasing the levels of her article entitled: ”Avicenna (980–1037 trophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Hunting- cell machinery process that removes several anti-oxidative enzymes CE) and his Early Description and Clas- ton’s disease [4]. Defected inflammation damaged proteins and large aggregates including superoxide dismutase, sification of ” , published in pathways also cause a different type of which is the characteristic of age-re- glutathione peroxidase and glu- Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, (IF=3.51) , and aging itself [2]. lated diseases. all these factors lead to tathione reductase [13],[7]. Me- which has been selected as the top arti- Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxy- NF-κB and the IL-1β- mediated inflam- latonin is a potent free radical cle of this issue. Aging Research Institute tryptamine) is an endogenous molecule matory cascade [2]. Activation of NLRP3 scavenger, more potent than vi- [5]. Biosynthesis melatonin is synthe- inflammasome-related innate immunity tamin E, which is the reference expresses the warmest greeting to her. 2 Volume 2/ Issue 1 AGING RESEARCH INSTITUTE NEWSLETTER JANUARY 2020 [ ] Mini Review cont. Student Letter Elder Abuse Negar Bonyadi1 1. Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Email: [email protected] Tel: +989369961563 Fax: +984133342178 In each society, older adults aged over • Anxiety about personal finances 65 are the most vulnerable groups more • Pressure by someone else to en- likely to be exposed to abuse while re- dorse checks ceiving supportive care. Elder abuse 6. Abandonment: can diminish self-confidence, make • Leaving elderly alone or cessation of feelings of hopelessness and apa- providing care thy, and cause psychological disabil- Personal issues can also cause some- ity in the elderly[1-3].The best defini- one to become an abuser. Person- tion of elder abuse is a harmful action al issues like money, bills, or health by a person who the elder trust. [4]. problems can affect the caregivers’s According to some sociologists and work and cause abuse. Fig. 1. The anti-ageing potential of melatonin on different organs. health professionals, societies are in- There are 10 steps to take when you contribute to aging process By produc- to a wide range of disease. Melatonin creasingly facing elderly maltreatment, think abuse is happening: tion of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) is known as a powerful anti-inflam- which includes physical ,sexual, psy- 1.Recognize the type of elder abuse [11] and involve in the oxidative and in- matory[6] and anti-oxidant agent [7]. chological , emotional and financial 2.Look for elder abuse signs flammatory process by reducing their ef- Different studies indicated that mela- abuse; negligence and abandonment[5, 3.Talk with the elder person (Some fects [14]. Observations in cells that are tonin is capable to alleviate unfavora- 6]. Of course, one form of abuse can elder people will deny when they are undergoing the aging process showed ble effects of the aging process such easily lead to another, for instance when being abused. This is particularly true that there was an alteration in the ex- as neurodegenerative disease[4], an elderly person is asked for money, when it is a family member causing pression and activities of the antioxidant cardiovascular disease[19], osteoar- the refusal of this request causes an- the abuse. You should still report even enzymes in response to the oxidative thritis[3], etc. Considering this review other physical abuse. Individuals that if they deny the abuse) environment [15]. Melatonin treatment paper it is crucial to plot further stud- impose elder abuse have a wide variety. 4.Talk to the elder family of the cells which were under an aging ies to gain more information about the they can be a caretaker, family member, 5.Report the abuse process showed that melatonin could al- probable role of melatonin in the alle- or stranger[4]. 6.Wait is the next step (The adult pro- ter the situation by its anti-oxidative role viation of age-related disease. Most of the harm that is common to old- tective services will start an investi- [11]. Melatonin prevents the rise in mito- Received: 15 November 2019 er people appears to be psychological gation and might assign a case man- chondrial LPO and increased GPx and Revised: 8 December 2019 violence, including persistent verbal ager) GR activities, and leads to normalizing Accepted: 23 December 2019 disrespect, harassments, threats, phys- 7.Now the next step is to prevent any the GSSG/GSH ratio [16]. Melatonin has Keywords: Melatonin; Aging ; Inflammation ical and financial deprivation. Stud- more abuse (Look for risk factors of been reported to protect the mitochon- Please cite this article as: Yousefi B. Melatonin and age-related disease. Aging research insti- ies have shown that the types of elder abuse) dria by preventing cardiolipin oxidation. tute newsletter. 2020 Jan; 2 (1):2 abuse in Iran are more prevalent than 8.Speak to the elder and the caregiv- Consequently, melatonin could promote in Western countries and Compared er. By visiting and calling more often, the mitochondrial transition pore open- References: [1] C. R. Gomez, A. Elkhattouti, M. Has- to other provinces East Azerbaijan has you can get a better sense of what is ing (MPTP), resulting in cell death [17]. san, and C. R. Gomez, “Stromal fibroblast in less abuse prevalence than any other happening in the environment. Different studies indicated that some age-related cancer: role in tumorigenesis and potential as novel therapeutic target,” Front. regions of Iran. The first and main step 9.Protect yourself age-related disease is also related to Oncol., vol. 5, no. July, p. 158, 2015. towards addressing the risk of elder 10.If you are a caregiver and feel an- melatonin’s level in those patients. Stud- [2] I. M. Rea, D. S. Gibson, V. McGilligan, S. E. abuse is familiarity with the concepts of gry with your caregiving job, ask for McNerlan, H. D. Alexander, and O. A. Ross, ies showed that by the onset of puberty “Age and age-related diseases: role of inflam- elder abuse and its indicators [7]. help; so you are not abusing whom the melatonin’s secretion starts to de- mation triggers and cytokines,” Front. Immu- There are six types of elder abuse that you are supposed to be taking care crease. Insofar as by the middle age, this nol., vol. 9, no. April, p. 586, 2018. [3] S. B. Paper et al., “Background paper 6.12 their indicators are as follows: of.[4, 8] reduction in melatonin level leads to neu- osteoarthritis,” World Heal. Organ., vol. 12, 1. Physical abuse: It is mandatory for everyone to report rodegenerative disease. Alzheimer’s dis- pp. 6–8, 2013. [4] B. K. Kennedy et al., “Geroscience: linking • Multiple fractures or injuries in various abuse however it is rarely done. If you ease or AD is one of the most prevalent aging to chronic disease,” Cell, vol. 159, no. 4, periods of healing see any type of elder abuse happen- neurodegenerative diseases in old peo- pp. 709–713, 2014. • Bruises gathered together and in reg- ing, please report it by calling 123. ple. Neurological markers of AD begin to [5] Y. Y. Hong et al., “Salutary effects of me- latonin combined with treadmill exercise on ular forms, especially in unusual loca- develop after puberty which is the same cartilage damage,” J. Pineal Res., vol. 57, no. tions such as the neck or groin. Received: 1 December 2019 time as when melatonin levels start to 1, pp. 53–66, 2014. Revised: 19 December 2019 [6] D. Acuña et al., “Extrapineal melatonin: • Lashes from a belt can cause injuries Accepted: 30 December 2019 reduce. Neurodegeneration in AD is also Sources, regulation, and potential functions,” extending over several regions, such as Keywords: Older people; Abuse ; Injuries a company by decreased receptors of Cell. Mol. Life Sci., vol. 71, no. 16, pp. 2997– the front, side, and back of the legs Please cite this article as: Bonyadi N. Elder melatonin in the pineal gland and the 3025, 2014. Abuse. Aging research institute newsletter. [7] B. Claustrat and J. Leston, “Melatonin: • Patterned injuries that can give clues 2020 Jan; 2 (1):3 areas which are involved by AD [18]. Physiological effects in humans,” Neurochiru- to the size and the shape of the object Previous researches indicated that me- rgie, vol. 61, no. 2–3, pp. 77–84, 2015. References: [8] R. Article, J. R. Calvo, C. Gonzalez Yanes, that caused them, such as belt buckles latonin exerts protective effects against - 1. Keyghobadi, F., et al., Prevalence of elder and M. D. Maldonado, “The role of melatonin in or hands abuse against women and associated fac- ischemia-reperfusion injury in various the cells of the innate immunity: a review,” J. tors. Journal of Mazandaran University of Pineal Res., vol. 55, no. 2, pp. 103–120, 2013. 2. Sexual abuse: Medical Sciences, 2014. 24(117): p. 125-132. the heart. A study showed that adminis- [9] G. Favero, L. Franceschetti, F. Bonomini, • Injuries to the chest, abdomen, geni- tration of melatonin plus standard treat- L. F. Rodella, and R. Rezzani, “Melatonin as 2. Molaei, M., K. Etemad, and P. Taheri Tan- talia, buttocks, and upper thighs, which jani, Prevalence of elder abuse in Iran: A ment significantly reduced the level of an anti-inflammatory agent modulating inflam- masome activation,” Int. J. Endocrinol., vol. may suggest a sexual abuse systematic review and meta analysis. Iranian creatine kinase-MB in myocardial infarc- 2017, pp. 17–19, 2017. • Forced sexual activity can cause no- Journal of Ageing, 2017. 12(2): p. 242-253. tion patients. In another study, melatonin [10] A. Y. Andreyev, Y. E. Kushnareva, and A. 3. Burnes, D., et al., Prevalence of and risk A. Starkov, “Mitochondrial metabolism of re- ticeable injuries, pain, or itching in the factors for elder abuse and neglect in the could protect CIH-induced myocardial active oxygen species,” Biochem., vol. 70, no. genital region; evidence of sexually community: a population-based study. Jour- inflammation, fibrosis, and ischemia-rep- 2, pp. 200–214, 2005. transmitted diseases; and broken teeth nal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2015. erfusion injury by reducing the expres- [11] Yousefi B et al., “The role of melatonin, 63(9): p. 1906-1912. a multitasking molecule, in retarding the 3.Neglect: 4. Morris, J., Elderly Abuse. 2019. sion of inflammatory cytokines including processes of ageing,” Ageing Research Re- • Deterioration of health 5. Chokkanathan, S. and A.E. Lee, Elder mis- views., vol. 47, no. 10, pp. 198–40, 2018. (TNF-a) and IL-6, markers of fibrosis such • Dehydration, malnutrition, or cachexia treatment in urban India: A community based as (TGFb) [19]. It has been reported that [12] G. Petrosillo, P. Fattoretti, M. Matera, study. Journal of Elder Abuse & Neglect, F. M. Ruggiero, C. Bertoni-freddari, and G. • Inappropriate clothing 2006. 17(2): p. 45-61. melatonin has chondroprotective effects Paradies, “Melatonin prevents age-related mi- • Assistive devices missing or in poor re- 6. Lowe, M., Ethics and the Care of the Elder- [20]. Melatonin stimulates extracellular tochondrial dysfunction in rat brain via cardi- ly, in Geriatric Medicine. 2018, Springer. p. olipin protection,” Rejuvenation Res., vol. 11, pair, such as broken glasses 283-293. matrix synthesis of porcine articular no. 5, pp. 935–943, 2008. • Urine burns 7. Ebrahimi, E., The Prevalence of Elder chondrocytes in serum-containing pellet [13] A. Hosseinzadeh et al., “Apoptosis sign- aling pathways in osteoarthritis and possible 4. Emotional abuse: Abuse and Socio-Cultural Factors Affecting culture system through the TGF-b signal- protective role of melatonin,” J. Pineal Res., • Paranoia, depression, or anger It in the Elderly Covered by Tabriz Health ing pathway [5]. Furthermore, according vol. 61, no. 4, pp. 411–425, 2016. Centers in 1396-97, in Physical Medicine • Fear of strangers and Rehabilitation. 2018, Tabriz University of to a study, the anti-arthritic effect of me- [14] N. J. Prado, L. Ferder, W. Manucha, and E. R. Diez, “Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Mela- • Exhibiting fear in own environment Medical Sciences: Tabriz. latonin via inhibition of IL-1b- and TNF-a- tonin in Obesity and Hypertension,” Curr. Hy- • Low self-confidence 8. Cadmus, E.O. and E.T. Owoaje, Prevalence induced intracellular ROS accumulation pertens. Rep., vol. 20, no. 5, p. 45, 2018. and correlates of elder abuse among older [15] H. R. Andersen, J. B. Nielsen, F. Nielsen, 5. Financial abuse: women in rural and urban communities in and MMPs production in vitro have been and P. Grandjean, “Antioxidative enzyme ac- • Lack of sufficient food and medica- South Western Nigeria. Health care for wom- reported [20]. tivities in human erythrocytes,” Clin. Chem., en international, 2012. 33(10): p. 973-984. vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 562–568, 1997. tions [16] M. Carretero et al., “Long term melatonin Conclusion administration protects brain mitochondria The aging process is responsible for from aging,” J. Pineal Res., vol. 47, no. 2, pp. [18] M. 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Free Radic. Biol. Med., vol. 68, pp. 234–246, 2014. 3 Volume 2/ Issue 1 AGING RESEARCH INSTITUTE NEWSLETTER JANUARY 2020 International Project (No.5) is close to 0.8, the sampling would be this goal ever. Data will be presented as stopped and otherwise, sampling will mean (± SD) and frequency (percentag- Ginger (Zingiber officinale) and be continued more to obtain the power es) for qualitative and quantitative vari- turmeric supplementation effects of 0.8. Interventions in this study are ables respectively. Normal distribution Neda Dolatkhah Anne Pernille Hermann Hanieh Kheiridoost on quality of life, bone mass densi- 1-Ginger; 2- Turmeric; 3-Turmeric and of data will be assessed using the Kol- After selecting survey respondents and Ginger and 4-Placebo which have been mogorov-Smirnov test. tometry (BMD), body composition explaining the methods and goals of intervened on patients for 4 months. The parametric tests will be used for nor- and osteoporosis related biomark- the project and obtaining informed con- Whereupon the primary outcomes are mally distributed variables and for varia- ers and micro-RNAs in women with sent, patients were randomly assigned evaluating the ginger (Zingiber officinal) bles with non-normal distribution, non- postmenopausal osteoporosis to receive the treatment for 4 months and turmeric supplementation effects parametric tests will be used. According as follows: 1)Ginger supplement (one on the quality of life, bone mass densi- to the correlation between the variables Neda Dolatkhah1, Anne Pernille Hermann2, Hanieh capsule containing 1000 mg daily) tometry (BMD), body composition and studied, to compare the characteristics Kheiridoost 2)Turmeric supplement (two capsules osteoporosis related biomarkers and and basic measurements of biochemi- 1. Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of containing 500 mg daily) 3)Ginger-Tur- micro-RNAs. And secondary outcomes cal variables between the patients into Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran are followed as the dietary intake of ma- four groups and at different times, the 2. Department of Endocrinology, Odense Universi- meric supplements 4)Placebo ty Hospital, Odense, Denmark The inclusion criteria were women with cronutrients and micronutrients in post- Mixed ANOVA statistical methods will be Email: [email protected] natural menopause, aging 45 years and menopausal women in all four study used. ANCOVA statistical method will be Tel: +989143157921 older, cessation of menstruation for 12 groups and comparison with RDA (Rec- used for the effect of confounding var- Fax: +984133342178 consecutive months, low bone density, ommended Dietary Allowance). iables on the response variables. The Our international project, entitled as no history of fractures, non-hormone Talking of potential relevance and clin- p-value of less than 0.05 will be consid- “The Effect of Ginger and Turmeric on treated during the past six months, no ical impact of our study in women’s ered significant. The time scheduled for postmenopausal osteoporosis” eval- steroid use over the past six months, life is that is mentioned these days in this study was about 20 months and the uates ginger (Zingiber officinale) and no and kidney failure, no met- the medical world, one of the goals of budget used was 5500 USD. turmeric supplementation effects on astatic bone disease, no medication “Health for All in the 21st Century” is affecting bone metabolism other than to promote the quality of life. Given the quality of life, bone mass densitom- The compassion and ef- etry (BMD), body composition and calcium supplements that will be ad- principle that older women are a valu- osteoporosis related biomarkers and ministered to all study respondents able and important part of the human forts of Professor Hassan micro-RNAs in women with postmeno- with the same dose, no mental disease, resources of the community and their Soleimanpour, former Re- pausal osteoporosis. no malignancy, non-use of walking aids health in the post-menopausal age is as search Vice Chancellor and This study is a randomized controlled and the ability to communicate verbal- important as before menopause, and Editor-in-Chief of the Aging double-blinded clinical trial with place- ly and respond to questions. Use of also considering the cost-effective- Research Institute Newsletter, are bo that aims to investigate the effects birth control pills or steroids during the ness of using the plant compounds in commendable in conveying his val- of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and tur- study, the risk of kidney failure during comparison with pharmaceutical com- uable scientific experiences. This meric supplements alone or in combi- the study and not wanting to continue pounds, we decided to evaluate the honorable man’s responsibility nation with each other in postmeno- the study were the exclusion criteria. effect of turmeric and ginger supple- and devotional abilities merits an pausal osteoporosis women which has To explain about the sample size, we ments alone and also in combination appreciation in this field. Hereby, been trialed by Hanieh Kheiridoost, as can say that due to the lack of similar on quality of life, body composition and the staff of Aging Research Insti- the student of this project, and Seyed studies in the literature review, a pilot osteoporosis related biomarkers and tute and the Editorial Board of the Kazem Shakouri and Neda Dolatkhah, study evaluated 25 patients in each micro-RNAs in postmenopausal wom- Newsletter would like to express from Tabriz and Anne Pernille Her- group will be done to get the power of en suffering osteoporosis. their gratitude and appreciation for mann from Denmark as the principle 0.8 and a Type I error equal to 0.05. If Based on our knowledge, there has not his valuable and sincerely efforts. supervisors. the power of study with his sample size been performed any clinical trial with Aging Research Institute Prof. Mehdi Farhoudi, M.D. Student Committee (A-Z) Sama Rahnemayan, Professor of Akbar Azizi, Ph.D. Candidate Medical Student Newsletters-Editorial Board Fellowship in Transcranial Doppler Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz Founder and Director-in-Charge and Stroke. in Gerontology. Neurosciences Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Prof. Seyed Kazem Tabriz University of Medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Shakouri, M.D. Iran Email: [email protected] Prof. Poul Flemming Professor of Physical Medicine & Email: [email protected] Anita Reyhanifard, Rehabilitation Hoilund-Carlsen, M.D. Aging Research Institute, Tabriz Professor, Head of Research Unit, Negar Bonyadi, Medical Student University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Visiting Researcher of Clinical Physi- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz Email: [email protected] ology and Nuclear Medicine Medical Student University of Medical Sciences, Scopus ID: 26027649700 Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University Tabriz, Iran Editor-in-Chief BRIDGE, Brain Research - Inter-Disciplinary Guid- of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Email: [email protected] ed Excellence, Odense, Denmark Email: [email protected] Dr. Sarvin Sanaie, E-mail: [email protected] Pooriya Sadeghi, M.D. PhD. in Nutrition Scopus ID: 7005978426 Arezoo Fathalizadeh, Medical Student Aging Research Institute, Tabriz Medical Student Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Prof. Uffe Laurits Holmskov, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Dr. Med., Ph.D. Email: [email protected] of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Tabriz, Iran Institute of Molecular Medicine, Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Scopus ID: 23052644000 Department of Cancer and Inflamma- Executive Editor tion Research, Odense, Denmark Zahra Yousefi, Ph.D. Email: [email protected] Alireza Ghanbari, Dr. Sanam Dolati, Scopus ID: 7004526416 Medical Student Candidate in Psychology Ph.D. in Immunology Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University Aging Research Institute, Tabriz Aging Research Institute, Tabriz Dr. Mostafa Araj-Khodaei of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran University of Medical Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, M.D. PhD. in Traditional Email: [email protected] Tabriz, Iran Email: [email protected] Tabriz, Iran Medicine Email: [email protected] Aging Research Institute, Tabriz Uni- Ali Jafarizadeh, Graphic Designers (A-Z) Scopus ID: 57163582900 versity of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Medical Student Mohammad-Salar Editorial Board (A-Z) Email: [email protected] Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University Scopus ID: 57205600809 of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Hosseini, Medical Student Prof. Abass Alavi, M.D. Email: [email protected] Professor of Radiology Prof. Ata Mahmoodpoor, Email: [email protected] Perelman School of Medicine, Uni- Amirreza Naseri, versity of Pennsylvania, Philadel- M.D.FCCM Elham Lotfalinezhad, phia, USA Professor of Anesthesiology and Criti- Medical Student Email: [email protected] cal Care PhD. Student in Gerontology Email: [email protected] Department of health education and Scopus ID: 35371323800 Fellowship in Critical Care Medicine Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care promotion, Tabriz University of Medi- Guest Editors (A-Z) Prof. Kim Torsten Brixen, Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. cal Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Tabriz, Iran Email: [email protected] Dr. Neda Dolatkhah M.D, PhD. Email: [email protected] Department of Physical Medicine Odense Universitetshospital, Scopus ID: 12753259500 Alireza Mohsenidiba, and Rehabilitation, School of Med- Department of Endocrinology, icine, Tabriz, Iran Odense, Denmark Dr. Hojjat Pourfathi Nematabad Medical Student Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Associate Professor of Anesthesiology Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University Scopus ID: 49862914200 Scopus ID: 36819793300 and Critical Care of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Dr. Birgitte Brock Department of Anesthesiology and Email: [email protected] Dr. Anne Pernille Hermann Critical Care Medicine, Tabriz Univer- Department of Endocrinology, Specialist in Clinical Pharmacology sity of Medical Sciences. Tabriz, Iran Steno Diabetes Center Copenha- Hila Navadeshahla, Odense University Hospital, Email: [email protected] gen, Denmark Medical Student Odense, Denmark Scopus ID: 11839146800 Email: pernille.hermann@ouh. Email: [email protected] Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University regionsyddanmark.dk Scopus ID: 35547812000 Dr. Tannaz Pourlak, DDS of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Prof. Albert Gjedde, M.D. DSc Oral and maxillofacial surgeon Email: [email protected] Dr. Bahman Yousefi Professor of Translational Neurobi- Tabriz university of medical sciences Department of Clinical Biochemis- ology Email: [email protected] Parnia Pouya, try and Laboratory Medicine, Fac- University of Southern Denmark, Scopus ID: 57190402588 Medical Student ulty of Medicine, Tabriz University Odense, Denmark Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. E-mail: [email protected] Prof. Mohammad Hossein of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Email: [email protected] Scopus ID: 7102334442 Somi. M.D. Email: [email protected] Scopus ID: 55661388000 Professor of Gastroenterology and Prof. Ali Fakhari, M.D. Hepatology Research Center of Psychiatry Internist and Subspecialist of Gastro- Ali Shamekh, Contact us: and Behavioral Sciences, Tabriz enterology and Hepatology. Email: [email protected] University of Medical Sciences. Medical Student Gastrointestinal and Liver, Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University Phone: +98-41-33342178 Tabriz, Iran Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IRAN Address: Aging Research Institute, Email: [email protected] of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Third Floor, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Scopus ID: 36799285100 Scopus ID: 16246099400 University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran 4