September 24, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9903 The purpose of this hearing is to re- formation Distribution System Joint having spent the morning and afternoon at ceive testimony on the feasibility of Program Office; the computer systems the Statler Hotel in a seemingly endless suc- using bonding techniques to finance acquisition manager for the seismic cession of these consultations, I announced I large-scale capital projects in the Na- portion of the Atomic Energy Detec- was going out for a walk. An economist tional Park System. tion System; the software division would call it a random walk. I had no direc- Because of the limited time available chief at the Joint Surveillance Target tion in mind, save any that would get me away from that hotel room. for the hearing, witnesses may testify Attack Radar Systems [JSTARS] Joint by invitation only. However, those Program Office; and the chief of the And so I wandered westerly to Church wishing to submit written testimony Advanced Medium Range Air-to-Air Street and reached Pearl. Glancing south for the hearing record should send two Missile Systems Division at Eglin AFB. along Church Street, of a sudden I saw some- copies of their testimony to the Sub- Lieutenant Colonel Miller became thing that did not exist. Couldn’t exist. Cer- tainly something I for certain had not committee on National Parks, Historic the joint program office site director known to exist. A Sullivan skyscraper. The Preservation and Recreation, Com- at the Software Engineering Institute Guaranty Building. The beginning of an mittee on Energy and Natural Re- in 1992. During his tenure at SEI, Lieu- American architecture that would come to sources, U.S. Senate, 364 Dirksen Sen- tenant Colonel Miller earned the re- be known as the International Style. Sure ate Office Building, Washington, DC spect and admiration of his colleagues. enough, on the east side of the street there 20510–6150. A proven leader, Thomas will be sin- were three tall skyscrapers (an American For further information, please con- cerely missed. term, incidentally, the topmost sail of a tact Jim O’Toole of the subcommittee Mr. President, after many years of clippership, save when the moonraker is staff at (202) 224–5161. service to his country, Lieutenant rigged). One was by an old friend, Minoru f Colonel Miller is retiring to private Yamasaki. Each was an exact copy, if you would just look at the essentials, of Sulli- AUTHORITY FOR COMMITTEES TO life. In honor of his service, I ask my colleagues to join me in extending the van’s building across the street, built fifty or MEET sixty years earlier. (On closer examination, Senate’s best wishes to Lt. Col. Thom- COMMITTEE ON FINANCE there had been a fire of sorts, and the build- as Miller, his wife Colleen, and their ing was all but abandoned.) Mr. JEFFORDS. Mr. President, the three children.∑ Finance Committee requests unani- I then and there resolved to win the Demo- f mous consent to conduct a hearing on cratic primary, become a Sen- Wednesday, September 24, 1997, begin- BUILDING ator and save the Sullivan building. ning at 9 a.m., in room 106 Dirksen. CONSERVANCY ANNUAL CON- My first task was to get the City of Buffalo The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without FERENCE interested. One day the Mayor agreed to objection, it is so ordered. ∑ Mr. MOYNIHAN. Mr. President, this walk over with me from City Hall. He was a COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS past weekend I was invited to speak at fine new Mayor; if he had any weakness, it Mr. JEFFORDS. Mr. President, I ask the annual conference of the Frank was that he agreed with you on everything. unanimous consent that the Com- Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy I mean everything. Well, most things. ‘‘Mr. which took place in Buffalo, NY. I Mayor,’’ I proclaimed, ‘‘if we can save that mittee on Foreign Relations be author- building, the time will come when people ized to meet during the session of the promised some of the attendees that I will get on airplanes and fly to Buffalo just Senate on Wednesday, September 24, would enter my keynote address in the to see it.’’ ‘‘Bull,’’ said His Honor. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. I ask that the 1997, at 10 a.m., to hold a hearing, and May I say, it was a special pleasure to see at 2:15 p.m., to hold a business meeting. full text of my address be printed in in Thursday’s Buffalo News a picture of The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without the RECORD. Eugenio De Anzorena of Alexandria, Vir- objection, it is so ordered. The text follows: ginia, one of your conferees, making video- COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS KEYNOTE ADDRESS BY SENATOR DANIEL tapes of the designs on the wall of the Guar- Mr. JEFFORDS. Mr. President, I ask PATRICK MOYNIHAN anty Building. ‘‘Appreciating Architecture’’ unanimous consent on behalf of the Not long ago I happened to be in Phoenix was the caption, although I should have pre- Governmental Affairs Committee Spe- and took the opportunity to visit Taliesin ferred, ‘‘The Mayor Refuted!’’ West, Frank Lloyd Wright’s desert com- cial Investigation to meet on Wednes- No matter. The Buffalo ‘‘Evening News,’’ mune. I was most generously received and as it then was, got the point. I began to learn day, September 24, at 10 a.m., for a shown everywhere, including the atelier hearing on campaign financing issues. where the plans were being drawn for the history of this great achievement of the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Wright’s splendid Monona Terrace Commu- , the first American architec- objection, it is so ordered. nity and Convention Center, just now com- ture, soon to be seen world-wide. f pleted in Milwaukee. At length, I was shown We begin in middle of the 19th Century, in ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS the splendid, terraced dining room where, in the village of Stockton in nearby Chau- the manner of the Englishman in the jungle, tauqua, County. It was in Stockton where all communards, faithful to the Master’s one Hascal L. Taylor, a carriage maker, had TRIBUTE TO LT. COL. THOMAS R. edict, dress for dinner on Saturday night. grown up. Taylor would in time make a We are less formal here in Buffalo, but no great deal of money in the oil fields of west- MILLER less welcoming, and greatly honored to be at ∑ ern Pennsylvania. His vision was to build a Mr. SANTORUM. Mr. President, I the site of this year’s Frank Lloyd Wright monument, the largest office building in the would like to take this opportunity to Building Conservancy Annual Conference. city, in downtown Buffalo. Taylor imme- recognize an outstanding citizen from Each of us, I cannot doubt, has a personal diately sought the prestigious firm Allison Park, PA. On October 3, Lt. story of an encounter with the spiritual and of and , who physical force of architecture. As Americans, had of course built the Wainright Building in Col. Thomas Miller will retire from his we tend to begin in Europe, but with time, St. Louis four years earlier—in 1892. position as the joint program office more and more we return to our own. site director at the Software Engineer- I have two tales to tell. Adler, the engineer, and Sullivan, the de- ing Institute [SEI] of Carnegie Mellon The first is simple enough. In 1992, I was signer, had created a new form. A form based University. asked to address the convention of the Amer- on function. Taylor got it. He, however, died Thomas was born in Valley View, PA. ican Sociological Association then meeting in 1894. Fortunately the Guaranty Company He earned an undergraduate degree in in . I arrived in a fine new hotel in bought the plans for the building and the the Golden Triangle expecting all manner of site. Note the brevity of the subsequent suc- computer science from Utah State Uni- posters and pronouncements as had been the versity. Later, Thomas received a M.S. cession: The Guaranty purchased the land fashion of a few decades earlier. Instead, I and plans in December of 1894. The construc- degree in systems management from was greeted by a large sign announcing the tors began laying the foundation for the new the Florida Institute of Technology. times of departure for the tour of building in February of 1895. By July of 1895, In 1974, Thomas received his Air Fallingwater. American sociologists are fi- the steel frame was complete, and in March Force Commission from the Reserve nally getting their priorities straight. of 1896, barely a year after laying the founda- My second tale, more personal and specific Officer Training Corps. Since then, he tion, the first occupants were moving in. In- to Buffalo, took place some twenty-one years has had an exemplary military career. credible. ago. I was then in a five-way primary contest Lieutenant Colonel Miller has served for the Democratic nomination for United Using his ‘‘organic’’ philosophy, Sullivan, as a computer systems acquisition en- States Senator. In the manner of such cam- had created a ‘sister’ work to St. Louis’s gineer at the Air Force Electronic Sys- paigns, most of one’s time is spent in strat- . The new, taller build- tems Division for the Joint Tactical In- egy sessions in hotel rooms. One August day, ing, a 13 story, 140,000 square foot structure

VerDate Mar 15 2010 22:23 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00093 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S24SE7.REC S24SE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S9904 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 24, 1997 was called the nation’s second skyscraper. As all of you know, Sullivan was Frank to exert a great deal of influence on Euro- An ornate masterpiece, embellished with a Lloyd Wright’s ‘‘Lieber meister’’. In his book pean architects with the publication of warm terra cotta exterior but forceful in its largely on Sullivan, Genius and the Wright’s work by Ernst Wasmuth in Berlin verticality, was the new ‘‘American sky- Mobocrocy, Wright wrote of his early days in 1910. By the mid-1920s the European appre- scraper.’’ Let me say, that I would rather see with Sullivan: ciation of the Larkin Building had crossed Mount Vernon torn down, or even the White ‘‘ ‘Wright,’ the young draughtsman nine- the Atlantic. The building gained promi- House. They are fine buildings, but they are teen, he would often say to me with nence in American surveys of modern archi- copies. Copies of European buildings, which undisguised contempt: ‘Wright! I have no re- tecture and does so to this day. in turn were copies of Greek and Roman spect at all for a draughtsman!’ . . . His Yet, the proliferation of chain stores in buildings. The skyscraper is ours. Invented haughty disregard had already offended most small towns began to cut into the Larkin by this man of singular American genius, of the Adler and Sullivan employees. His Company’s mail order business. The Depres- Louis Sullivan. In architecture, as in much contempt may have been due to the fact that sion caused further problems. Assets were else, we had followed the rest of the world. he was so marvelous a draughtsman himself. liquidated to pay creditors. By 1943 the Then came Sullivan, and ever since the But I knew what he really meant . . . He Larkin Company had no assets other than world has followed us. Indeed, the Guaranty taught me nothing nor did he ever pretend to the building, on which it owed $85,000 in back is our treasure, and yet remarkably it has do so except as he was himself the thing he taxes. not always been appreciated as such. did and as I could see it for myself. He (‘the In August, 1949 the Western Trading Cor- By the 1940s the building had already designing partner’) was the educational doc- poration offered the Common Council $5,000 changed owners. In the 1950s the owners were ument in evidence.’’ and promised to raze the Larkin Building concerned about the accumulation of dirt on Wright then clarified Sullivan’s genius and and replace it with something that would the facade. They chose an unfortunately de- its relationship to the ‘mobocrocy’: improve the tax base. Two months later structive solution: they hired sandblasters to ‘‘Do you realize, that here in his [Sulli- Mayor Dowd accepted the offer. The building clean the terra cotta on the first two stories. van’s] own way, is no body of culture evolv- was demolished to make way for a truck ter- Other ‘‘improvements’’ included adding sus- ing through centuries of time but a scheme minal, but Western Trading then petitioned pended acoustical ceilings and tile flooring, and ‘style’ of plastic expression which an in- to move the terminal to a larger lot. A va- thereby altering the perspectives of Sulli- dividual, working away in the poetry crush- cant lot exists on the site today. van’s rooms and hiding some of the exquisite ing environment of a more cruel materialism So too in downtown Chicago, one of Sulli- interior decorations. than any seen since the days of the brutal van’s first buildings was replaced by a multi- Even though it was located downtown, its Roman, has made out of himself? Here was a story parking garage. Wright had warned of facilities became ‘‘outmoded’’ and its rental sentient individual who evoked the goddess the ‘‘poetry crushing environment of a more space was in very little demand. Even whole civilizations strove in vain for cen- cruel materialism’’ and both his and Sulli- though it was listed on the National Register turies to win, and wooed her with this van’s works were victims of this environ- of Historic Places in 1973 and designated a charming interior style—all on his own in ment. The burden falls on men and women national historic landmark in 1975, a fire in one lifetime all too brief . . . [Sullivan’s] like you to remind us all of the value of 1974 forced much of the building to close, and language of self expression was as complete these works. placed the building’s future in jeopardy. in itself’’ as that ‘‘of any of the great style It was just such a reminder that opened my In June of 1977, Progressive Architecture, which time took so many ages to perfect.’’ eyes to the wonder, and neglect of the Dar- reported: ‘‘Discreet inquiries have been made Yet, I do not want to mislead. They had win Martin House. It was Saint Patrick’s by owners of Louis Sullivan’s Prudential their disagreements. Day, 1991, and Jason Aronoff, the head of the Building (formerly Guaranty) in Buffalo, NY By 1902, Wright had perfected some of his Landmark Society of the Niagara Frontier’s about steps to demolish a historic land- outside commissions in the form of the Prai- Martin House Task Force had asked me to mark.’’ Thus by 1977, architects were speak- rie house. On September 11, 1902, Darwin look into the condition of the Darwin Martin ing of the building in terms of how best to Martin—Secretary of the successful Larkin House. I was not prepared. demolish it. In April of 1977 the City threat- Company of Buffalo—visited his brother Wil- We first visited the splendidly maintained ened to destroy the building. liam in Chicago. William was looking for a Heath House with its gracious young family. In September of 1977, the Greater Buffalo site for a new home, and as they toured Oak We then went across to see the Darwin Mar- Development Foundation established a vol- Park they became intrigued with Wright’s tin House, which was quite simply a ruin. unteer task force of business and community designs there. William met with Wright a The concrete was running away like sand. leaders to study the possible renovation of month later and wrote his brother that he Two of the great ornamental urns were miss- the building. After concluding that it should was most favorably impressed. William ing from the front step and were only later be done, they came up with new financial wrote: found discarded in the yard. On the front strategies that included tax exempt financ- ‘‘He would be pleased to design your house door and side windows thereof there was a ing rates, partial property tax abatement, - & further he is the man to build your office printed sign which read: and private loans. The cost was estimated to - he has had large experience in the large of- NOTICE be around $12.4 million. fice buildings with Adler and Sullivan . . . he ‘‘New York State’s Current fiscal condition I wrote to the Secretaries of Housing and says it is strange that he is only known as a has caused the closing of the Darwin D. Mar- Urban Development, Commerce, and Interior residence architect - when his best and larg- tin House to the public until further notice. seeking funds for the building. In October of est experience was in large buildings.’’ Queries about future opening date and res- 1977, I convinced Vice President Mondale to Meryle Secrest in his biography of Wright, toration plans for the House should be tour the building whilst visiting here. (He A House Divided, wrote that Wright saw the Mailed to . . .’’ needed no persuading, having the Owatonna Larkin Project as his chance to ‘‘break into I immediately wrote to the Buffalo News in Bank back home.) In November of 1978, we the world of large building commissions,’’ an effort to alert all to the horrid state of got our first grant, small but symbolic— but that he ‘‘shamelessly exaggerated the this wonderful House. What had become of $50,000 from The Department of Interior’s importance of his role at Adler and Sul- this masterpiece? Who was to blame? How Historic Preservation Program. And in April livan.’’ For Martin later told Larkin that: can we avoid such a tragedy in the future? of 1981, we secured a $2.4 million Urban De- ‘‘the $500,000 Wainwright Building and the In the Martin House, Wright showed what velopment Action Grant (UDAG) from the Union Trust Building and the Union Trust he could do with what became an almost un- US Department of Housing and Urban Devel- Building of St. Louis; the Schiller Theater limited budget. Construction on the Martin opment (HUD). In addition, as a site on the and the in Chicago; the Se- House began in early 1904 and ended in 1906 National Register of Historic Places, the attle and Pueblo Opera Houses, all Adler and with 20 rooms and 11,000 square feet, at a building was qualified to receive a 25 percent Sullivan’s work, were, I inferred from Mr. cost of $160,000. tax credit on the entire investment under Wright, largely his creations.’ ’’ Because of, perhaps in spite of, their nu- the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981. The Larkin Company of Buffalo commis- merous dialogues over the plans for and the After a majestic renovation by the archi- sioned him (at Mr. Darwin Martin’s rec- cost of the house, Martin and Wright became tectural and engineering firm Canon, the ommendation) to design its administrative fast friends. Martin helped Wright get many building re-opened in December of 1983. building across from the soap factory and other commissions through the years. Late But there is a lesson to be learned here. warehouse. For Wright, it was an oppor- in life Martin offered Wright one last com- Fortunately, throughout the process of ren- tunity to develop complex spatial ideas. His mission, a monument for the family plot in ovating the Guaranty building there were exterior was an expression of almost pure the Forest Lawn Cemetery. Martin wanted a those of us, spurred on by the Buffalo News, geometric form, with no ornamentation save design to cover only the space for one grave. who began to recover the memory, if you for two piers topped by sculptures supporting Typically, Wright produced a much larger will, of one of the greatest tragedies of archi- globes to symbolize the company’s inter- design with a flight of marble steps climbing tecture in this nation—the demolition of national aspirations. Wright intended the re- the slope of the lot to a single headstone Frank Lloyd Wright’s Larkin building. An ductive form to be a ‘‘genuine and construc- bearing the family names. The stock market examination of that misguided chain of tive affirmation of the new Order of the Ma- crash prevented the commission from being events tells us a little more about the dan- chine Age.’’ realized. On learning of Martin’s death in gers of neglect, and introduces New York to The Larkin Building was not at first wide- 1935, Wright referred to him as ‘‘My best the mind of Louis Sullivan’s greatest pupil. ly praised in architectural circles. It began friend.’’

VerDate Mar 15 2010 22:23 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00094 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S24SE7.REC S24SE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY September 24, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9905 After Darwin Martin died the house stood culine’’ and ‘‘feminine’’ traits as exhibited help free a people by offering food, vacant for the next 17 years. There is no by ‘‘strongly indicative line’’ in the former shelter, clothing, money, or whatever clear explanation for his son’s lack of appre- and a ‘‘playful pattern of wall space’’ in the would assist passengers along the Un- ciation for the house, no clear answer to why latter. But function was certainly important derground Railroad. Typically, a stop Darwin Jr. began to strip the house of its to the Saarinens; Kleinhans is a splendid hall doors, lighting, wiring, moldings, heating, in which to hear a concert. It is also one of along the Underground Railroad would and plumbing systems and installing them in but three examples of Eliel’s work in the be a farmhouse or a church where pas- other buildings he owned. When he finally East. sengers would be hidden in the attic or vacated the house, he left the doors un- In 1984 I secured a tax provision—a ‘‘sale- the basement, or behind false walls or locked. Neighborhood children would come leaseback’’ provision, that could have been even under floorboards. A person on in for roller skating, or to smash some win- worth millions to the upkeep and restoration the railroad would be concealed until it dows or some of the remaining mosaic tiles of Kleinhans. But one of the investors was determined that it was safe to over the fireplace. Eventually part of the backed out at the last minute before the roof fell in from the weight of snow. legal deadline and the deal fell through. A travel to the next site. This scenario In 1946 the City was the sole bidder on the decade later the need for restoration funds was repeated over and over again until Martin House at the foreclosure sale. In 1954 had not diminished. I got $1.5 million for the the passenger reached safety in the Buffalo architect Sebastian Tauriello bought effort in 1994. North or in Canada, Mexico, or the Car- the house, the pergola, the conservatory, and Then, of course, there are the buildings by ibbean. the garage for $22,000. He wrote to Wright for H. H. Richardson. Wright disclosed that Sul- Although largely clandestine, the the original plans and received the following livan had a respect for Richardson, that he Underground Railroad is a tangible ex- reply: ‘‘Dear Tauriello: Hope you treat the (Richardson) had for few others. Again from, ample of the extent that resistance to opus according to its merits. When we return Genius and the Mobocrocy: ‘‘Later I [Wright] slavery existed during the 18th and 19th to Wisconsin May first I will look up the discovered his [Sullivan’s] secret respect, plans and send you a set of prints with a bill leaning toward envy (I am ashamed to sus- centuries. Indeed, some 380 sites—28 of for the prints. Frank Lloyd Wright.’’ pect), for H.H. Richardson.’’ which are in New York—have been doc- Fearing an exorbitant fee, Tauriello pro- Eight of the original eleven buildings de- umented in a National Park Service ceeded without them. The doors, heating, signed for the Buffalo State Hospital stand study as sites potentially significant to and plumbing systems were replaced by Au- today. The most splendid being the twin tow- the Underground Railroad movement. gust and the Tauriello’s moved in. Part of ered centerpiece buildings. In 1990, the state It is likely that there are more sites his plan for financing the restoration of the spent $4.5 million to restore one of the seven about which we will never know. Of the house was the sale of a portion of the prop- remaining patient pavilions. However, these erty. The pergola, conservatory, and garage buildings were vacated in 1993 and 1995. Omi- sites that do exist, it is important to were in varying stages of decay. They were nously, the state has designated the build- highlight their role in abetting the demolished and the apartments you see ings ‘‘surplus property’’ and is looking to elimination of the shameful practice of today were built to Mr. Tauriello’s design. sell them on the open market. Thus our bat- slavery. Mr. Tauriello was not wealthy, and was not tle continues. It is important to our national herit- in a position to restore the house to its 1908 We restored the Guaranty—the soul of this age that we recognize and remember condition. He also wanted to add modern city. We are on our way to restoring Darwin the bravery of those who risked their conveniences and some individual touches. Martin—the treasure of scale, of form and of lives to make the journey along the As he did not need a 20 room house and did relationship of interior to exterior. need restoration funds, he created two five- Kleinhans Music Hall and the Inn Underground Railroad and those who room apartments inside. But regardless of are also to be included in a tablet of success. provided sanctuary to them. This legis- the changes he made, he saved the house. However, Federal support is waning. As you lation will help raise awareness about Tauriello died in 1965. The next year his wife state in the opening of the conference, these locations along the Underground sold the house to SUNY Buffalo at the re- Wright wrote that the ‘‘Prairie begins west Railroad, enhancing the chances that quest of new president Martin Meyerson, a of Buffalo.’’ We must do our best to see that the sites will be maintained or re- Wright aficionado. He left Buffalo in 1970. our treasures do not become dust on the stored. We must recognize and preserve Several university offices were located in the prairie. It happened to the Larkin building. these historic sites, which represent house until 1980, when it again stood unused, It may yet happen to those of Richardson. So as it was on the day of our visit in 1991. again I say the burden is unduly forced on the extraordinary efforts, perils, sac- There was a restoration plan in place, but men and women like you to remind us of the rifices, and triumphs of those who next to no money. I went to ROBERT C. BYRD, symphony that continues to play around us, risked their lives so that they might chairman of the subcommittee that funds like this great symphonic interplay we have taste freedom. I urge my colleagues to Federal historic preservation programs, and here in Buffalo. ∑ join me in cosponsoring this important asked for his help. While there was no pro- measure.∑ gram that provides specific funds to restore f specific buildings, he saw to it that the Dar- NATIONAL UNDERGROUND RAIL- f win Martin House got $500,000 that year. In ROAD NETWORK TO FREEDOM TRIBUTE TO ENTREPRENEUR 1995 we were able to reprogram another ACT, S. 887 WALLY AMOS $500,000, this time in funds from the Depart- ment of Housing and Urban Development, for ∑ Mr. D’AMATO. Mr. President, I rise ∑ Mr. CLELAND. Mr. President, I come the house. Last spring, at the urging of Stan today to urge my colleagues to join me to the floor today to pay tribute to my Lipsey, I asked Senator GORTON of Wash- in cosponsoring legislation that will good friend Wally Amos. ‘‘Famous ington State for another $500,000 in historic commemorate the physical as well as Amos’’ known to many Americans as preservation funds, and the Senate bill, HR spiritual triumph over one of our Na- the founder of Famous Amos Cookies 2107, which we passed on Thursday night, in- tion’s most tragic legacies. This legis- and the father of the gourmet choco- cludes that amount. I should warn you not to look at these ap- lation is designed to help the National late chip cookie industry, is an exam- propriations and think any deserving preser- Park Service present a dramatic chap- ple to all of us. He is an example be- vation project, even a Wright house, can ter in American history; the persever- cause of his dedication to our country count on Federal funds. None can. The $40 ance of the quest for liberty that saw as a veteran of the U.S. Air Force, and million we provide each year for preserva- hundreds of thousands risk their lives for what he has accomplished as an en- tion goes directly to the State Preservation so that they might live free. The Na- trepreneur and businessman. He is a offices. There is no ‘‘Save This Building’’ ac- tional Underground Railroad Network citizen of this country who has reaped count. Is there support for one? I quote the Senate bill we just passed: ‘‘This will be the to Freedom Act, S. 887, will give, for great success but has not neglected his final year of appropriations to the National the first time, Federal recognition and responsibilities to the community. And Trust for Historic Preservation.’’ That is a acknowledgment to this avenue of hope even more than that, Mr. President, battle for next year, but we have all we can for those who sought freedom from tyr- Wally Amos brings a powerful and in- do to keep what programs we have. anny and oppression. spirational message to people in all Thus on a couple of last notes, I hope you The Underground Railroad was a walks of life. have had a chance to visit Kleinhans Music loosely organized system of escape I have said over and over that I be- Hall, another of Buffalo’s wonders. It is one routes for hundreds of thousands of lieve that small businesses and entre- of the great later works of Eliel Saarinen. It is also one of the first commissions on which enslaved African-Americans. Average preneurship are the foundation of the son Eero worked side by side with him. The men and women, who shared a love of economic engine of this country. Wally building’s sense of balance is representative freedom and a hatred of the institution Amos has for some time now written a of, in Eliel’s words, the structure’s ‘‘mas- of slavery, committed themselves to monthly column subtitled ‘‘Grow Your

VerDate Mar 15 2010 22:23 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00095 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S24SE7.REC S24SE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY