Die Jagd Nach Dem Scheich in Den Kiefernwäldern Der Provinz Kunar Vermuten Geheimdienste Aus Aller Welt Osama Bin Laden

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Die Jagd Nach Dem Scheich in Den Kiefernwäldern Der Provinz Kunar Vermuten Geheimdienste Aus Aller Welt Osama Bin Laden Ausland AFGHANISTAN Die Jagd nach dem Scheich In den Kiefernwäldern der Provinz Kunar vermuten Geheimdienste aus aller Welt Osama Bin Laden. Kaum befahrbare Straßen und die Nähe zu Pakistan machen die Gegend zu einem perfekten Versteck. Der Mann, der im Auftrag Kabuls nach dem Terrorchef fahndet, ist selbst ein Gejagter. Kunar war nicht schlecht. Dem eigentlichen Objekt seiner Neugier wäre er dort um einiges näher gewesen. Nordöstlich der Provinzhauptstadt Jala- labad, im gebirgigen Grenzgebiet der afgha- nischen Provinzen Nangarhar und Kunar, sitzt ein großer korpulenter Mann auf einem Plastikstuhl und wischt sich den Schweiß von der Stirn. Es ist zwölf Uhr mittags, ein Dutzend Pick-ups und Toyota-Geländewagen par- ken in der Nähe eines Gasthauses am Rand der Straße – wenn diese staubige Geröll- piste, die in die Berge führt, überhaupt den Namen verdient. „Scheißhitze!“, flucht der dicke Mann, „außerdem habe ich Hunger.“ Sofort flitzt einer seiner Begleiter los und kommt wenige Minuten später mit ei- SIPA PRESS SIPA ner Aluminiumschüssel voller Rosinenreis Bin Laden*, Fahnder Zaman n den Hotels von Kabul treffen sich Seelenruhig und allem Agenten aller Herren Länder. Jede Irdischen entrückt INation scheint ihre eigenen Geheim- dienstler an den Hindukusch entsandt zu die gleichfalls ihre Be- haben. Konkurrenz belebt das Geschäft. richte absetzen. So lässt Südafrikaner fragen aus, wer immer ihnen es sich aushalten in Ka- über den Weg läuft. Australier ohne er- bul: Es gibt europäisches kennbare Profession recherchieren fleißig, Bier, es gibt Pizza und und es bleibt unklar, für wen. Satellitenfernsehen – und MÜLLER KNUT Auch der türkische Geheimdienst Milli eine ungelöste Frage, an Istihbarat Teskilati hat seinen Mann an die der, von den Amerikanern ausgelobt, 25 und Lammfleisch zurück. Der dicke Mann unsichtbare Front im Kampf gegen den Ter- Millionen Dollar Kopfgeld hängen: Wo ist isst ohne Besteck, er löffelt den Reis mit rorismus geschickt. Seine Tarnung ist aller- Osama Bin Laden? Hilfe des Fladenbrots. Ein Dutzend be- dings so schlecht, dass er bald von den Be- Um diese Frage zu klären, schleicht un- waffneter Soldaten schaut ihm dabei zu. wohnern der Pension im Stadtteil Schahr-i- ser Mann in Kabul morgens mit einer Die Männer sind seine Leibgarde. naw nur noch „der Türke“ genannt wird. Afghanistan-Landkarte zur Rezeption und Zamans ewiger Hunger könnte ihm noch Die Regierung in Ankara zeigt immer flüstert: „Wo liegt Kunar?“ mal zum Verhängnis werden. Denn zum Es- noch reges Interesse an Afghanistan. Fast Der Hotelmanager, ein dürrer Tadschi- sen muss er anhalten. Wenn Zaman acht Monate lang leiteten türkische Ge- ke, deutet mit dem Zeigefinger auf einen aber aus seinem Toyota-Geländewagen mit neräle die Internationale Schutztruppe. kleinen Punkt auf der äußersten rechten den schwarzen Fensterscheiben steigt, Der Türke hält stets seine Ohren offen, Kartenseite. „Dangerous?“, fragt der Türke, spricht sich das viel zu schnell herum in die- setzt sich am liebsten in die Nähe von der Hotelmanager nickt. ser unwirtlichen Bergwelt, in der man schon Journalisten, die von ihren Erlebnissen in Kabul wird der Kundschafter deshalb so für hundert Dollar einen Killer mieten kann. den noch immer unbefriedeten Regionen schnell nicht verlassen. Aber die Frage nach Mohammed Zaman, 45, Militärkomman- außerhalb von Kabul berichten. deur der Grenzprovinz Kunar, ist seit gut Den nächsten Tag verbringt er dann am * Auf einem Video, das der Fernsehsender al-Dschasira am anderthalb Jahren auf der Suche nach dem Schreibtisch – genau wie die Journalisten, 10. September ausgestrahlt hat. „loar Scheich“, dem großen Scheich. So 146 der spiegel 39/2003 Ausland che immer, in Bewegung zu bleiben – denn Bin Laden will mich töten.“ Schon mehrmals ist er Anschlägen nur knapp entgangen. Seine Gegner sind ihm ständig auf den Fersen. Am liebsten ope- rieren sie mit ferngezündeten Minen, doch bislang sind lediglich Autoscheiben zu Bruch gegangen. Pünktlich zum zweiten Jahrestag der Anschläge auf die Twin Towers und das Pentagon tauchte Bin Laden nun auf einem Video auf. Seelenruhig spaziert er mit seinem Stellvertreter, dem ägyptischen Kinderarzt Aiman al-Sawahiri, durch eine idyllische Berglandschaft. Afghanische Geheimdienstler sind sich sicher, dass die Aufnahmen in Kunar ent- standen sind. Die hohen Nadelbäume und die Berglandschaft deuten ihrer Ansicht nach auf das Grenzgebiet zu Pakistan hin. Scheinbar allem Irdischen entrückt, schreitet der meistgesuchte Terrorist der Welt da durch unberührte Natur und KNUT MÜLLER KNUT lässt weitere Katastrophen ankündigen. Grenzübergang Torkham: „Wir holen uns unser Land zurück“ Von Unruhe keine Spur. Zaman dagegen ist ner- nennen die Afghanen den Chef des Terror- Anschläge KUNAR vös, und er will es gar nicht netzwerks al-Qaida, Osama Bin Laden. verbergen. Wenn er spricht, seit Juni 2003 Kabul Kunar Irgendwo hier, im Nordosten des Landes Jalalabad wandern seine Augen hin KABUL an der Grenze zu Pakistan, soll er sich her- NANGARHAR und her. Nähert sich ein umtreiben. Nachdem ihm im Dezember LOGAR Unbekannter, duckt er sich 2001 die Flucht aus den nahe gelegenen weg. Seine Männer gehen AFGHANISTAN Tora Peschawar Höhlen von Tora Bora gelungen war, rich- Bora Khyber-Pass dann in Habachtstellung, tete sich Bin Laden zunächst eine Reihe PAKTIA KHOST ihre Gewehre sind immer geheimer Stützpunkte in den Stammesge- geladen. bieten der Paschtunen in Pakistan ein. Die ganze Truppe reist Die so genannten Tribal Areas stehen nach Jalalabad, der Haupt- formal unter Selbstverwaltung. Doch die TRIBAL PAKISTAN stadt der Nachbarprovinz pakistanische Armee und der berüchtigte PAKTIKA AREAS Nangarhar. Unter riesigen ZABUL Geheimdienst ISI kontrollieren die un- Zeltplanen sitzen dort durchdringliche Region erheblich besser, mehrere hundert Männer als sie zugeben. „Die wissen genau, wo Bin 100 km vor einem Podium. Es sind Laden steckt“, sagt Zaman kauend, „wenn Mudschahidin und Stam- die dem Scheich nicht helfen würden, hätte mesälteste aus der Region. ich ihn schon längst gefasst!“ Kämpfern verbündet, die ab und zu auch Die Männer begehen den zweiten Todes- Die Grenze der Provinz Kunar zu Paki- auf eigene Verantwortung operieren. Doch tag des Nordallianz-Kommandeurs Ahmed stan ist praktisch unkontrollierbar. Selbst der Wichtigste von allen, die sich im Grenz- Schah Massud. Bin Laden hatte ihn zwei die Hochtechnologie der Amerikaner nützt gebiet tummeln, ist Osama Bin Laden. Tage vor dem Anschlag auf das World hier nicht viel. Drei Söhne, berichtet Zaman, kämpfen Trade Center ermorden lassen. In den Bergen wuchert ein Urwald vol- an seiner Seite. Zwei Frauen Bin Ladens, Ein zwei Meter hohes Ölgemälde Mas- ler Eichen und immergrüner Nadelbäume. auch da ist der Kommandeur ganz sicher, suds hängt über dem Podium, auf dem die Lager und Stützpunkte sind weder per leben im Dickicht der Kiefernwälder. Der Provinzfürsten Platz genommen haben. Helikopter noch per Satellit auszumachen. Scheich besucht sie angeblich regelmäßig. Daneben hängen die Porträts der Paschtu- Hunderte Schleichpfade verbinden Afgha- Nie benutzt er ein Telefon. Nachrichten nenführer Abdul Haq und seines Bruders nistan mit Pakistan, in Kunar „gibt es mehr lässt er nur auf handgeschriebenen Zetteln Abdul Qadir. Sie wurden von den Taliban Höhlen als Menschen“, sagt Zaman. per Boten verbreiten – das dauert länger, ist ermordet. Zaman hat sie gut gekannt. Die Zentralregierung im nur 150 Kilo- aber abhörsicher. „Wo der Scheich genau Helfer verteilen Pepsi und Poster mit dem meter entfernten Kabul, von der er den steckt, weiß ich auch nicht“, sagt Zaman. Konterfei Massuds. Auf den Plakaten sieht Auftrag hat, den Qaida-Chef dingfest zu „Vielleicht weiß er selbst manchmal nicht, der Held der Nordallianz nach einer Com- machen, hat hier nichts zu sagen. Statt- wo er am nächsten Tag sein wird.“ puterüberarbeitung aus wie eine afghanische dessen tummeln sich im Grenzland so Auf Hilfe von den Amerikanern hofft Za- Mischung aus Bob Marley und Ché Guevara. ziemlich alle Terror- und Guerillagruppen, man schon lange nicht mehr. Die verlassen Zaman nippt an seiner Cola, schüttelt die Afghanistan zu bieten hat. hier im Grenzgebiet kaum ihre Stützpunk- vorsichtig Hände und lauscht den Worten Da wäre beispielsweise der paschtuni- te, den Kampf gegen die Taliban „müssen von Hazrat Ali. Der charismatische Mili- sche Terrorpate Gulbuddin Hekmatjar, den wir allein führen, nicht einmal anständige tärführer war ein enger Freund Massuds Ermittler in Kabul für den Auftraggeber Waffen geben sie uns“. und hat mit ihm gegen die Sowjets und die des Juni-Anschlags auf einen voll besetz- Zaman lebt gehetzter als der Mann, den Taliban gekämpft. Nun befehligt Zamans ten Bundeswehrbus halten. Hekmatjar hat er fassen will. Selbst engen Freunden kün- Kollege in Jalalabad die Truppen der Re- sich in der Provinz Kunar mit arabischen digt er sein Kommen nicht an. „Ich versu- gierung. Doch viele glauben, die Soldaten 148 der spiegel 39/2003 Ausland hörten nur noch auf sein Kommando – und rium vor“, berichtet Zaman. Angeblich, nicht mehr auf Kommandos aus Kabul. um Kämpfer der Qaida zu jagen. „Wir wissen genau, wer unsere Feinde Doch das glaubt Zaman nicht. „In eini- sind“, ruft Ali seinen Gotteskriegern zu. gen unserer Dörfer geben sie bereits paki- „Wir müssen uns in Acht nehmen vor un- stanische Pässe aus. Und sie versorgen un- serem Nachbarland, dessen Namen ich sere Feinde mit Waffen und Munition.“ nicht nennen will.“ Zaman klatscht Bei- Als die pakistanische Armee vor kurzem fall, bis seine schweren Hände rot sind.
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