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Finland/Sweden Historical Wars

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Finland/Sweden Historical Wars GRANHOLM GENEALOGY Finland/Sweden Historical Wars 1 INTRODUCTION This book describes the historical times of the wars and battles when Finland was still a part of Sweden. It precedes the history of when Finland became independent, which is in the book “Finland’s Independence, the Birth” . I have not included all battles but enough to give a picture of how we have almost constantly been at war. It is also about our relatives at those times. In most cases I mention a person only once, although that person has been part of many other battles. Many of the persons are the Swedish and Finnish rulers and officers when Sweden was a major European power. The following words from the “Tales of Ensign Stål” by Runeberg illustrate the accomplishments of these heroes in the poem set to music in the “March of the Björneborgers”. The poem mentions just four battlefields. In this book I have listed many more from the First Crusade almost 900 years ago to the brief fight in 1854 at Halkokari in my hometown Gamlakarleby in Finland. “Sons of fathers brave who bled On Poland’s sand on Narva’s moor, At Leipzig, Lützen, never stinting. Think not Finland’s might is dead, Still with hostile blood a battlefield is red.” You can listen to this message our distant relatives send us, their descendants and relatives at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ypwjJedZPIg and see some the war scenes at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=54YSkW4sJU4&feature=related Some of the persons described are our direct ancestors, most are distant cousins from common ancestors. I have indicated how they are related to us. The descriptions of the battles, wars and persons are deliberately brief but an internet link is provided for additional information. The information is mainly from Wikipedia. In a few cases I have included some information in Swedish, when not found in English. Lars Granholm Adamstown, MD, USA April 2012 1 INDEX War or major event Battle or corresponding event Relatives participating Swedish Crusades to Finland (1150-1293) First Swedish Crusade (1150s) Saint Eric IX King of Sweden (?-1160) (24th great-grandfather) Second Swedish Crusade (1240s) Birger Jarl (1200-1266) (22nd great-granduncle) Third Swedish Crusade (1293) Torkel Knutsson (?-1306) (Half first cousin 22 times removed) Swedish-Danish battle by Uppsala (1160) Rötker Ingesson Jägerhorn (abt 1130-?) (20th great-grandfather) Battle of Lihula (1220) Charles the Deaf (1139-1220) (22nd great-grandfather) Swedish–Novgorodian Wars (12th and 13th centuries) Battle of Neva (1240) Magnus IV King of Sweden and Norway (1316 –1374) (3rd cousin 20 times removed) Dano-Swedish War (1470-1471) Battle of Brunkeberg (1471) Sten Sture (1440-1503) (4th cousin, 17 times removed) Nils Bossom Sture (1425-1494) (5th cousin, 16 times removed) Knut Jönsson Posse (?-1550) (Half 4th cousin 19 times removed) Russo-Swedish War (1495–1497) Viborg Explosion/Viborgska smällen (1495) Svante Nilsson (1450-1512) (2nd cousin 16 times removed) Danish invasion of Sweden (1520) (Sten Sture's war against Denmark) Battle of Bogesund (1520) Sten Sture the Younger (1493-1520) (3rd cousin 15 times removed) Stockholm Bloodbath (1520) Gustaf Eriksson Trolle (1488-1535) (6th cousin 15 times removed) Swedish War of Liberation (1521–23), Erik and Eskil (Beheaded 1520) (3rd cousins 19 times removed) sons of Sigrid Banér, her daughter Christina Gyllenstierna (1494-1559) (3rd cousin 19 times removed) Anna Eriksdotter Bielke (1490–1525) (5th cousin, 15 times removed) Russo-Swedish War of 1554–1557 Swedish king Gustav I (1496-1560) (Half 3rd cousin 14 times removed) Livonian War (1558–1583) Paulus Juusten, Bishop of Åbo (1516-1575 (11th great-granduncle) Siege of Wesenberg (1574) Battles of Wenden (1577-1588) Eric XIV King of Sweden (14333-1577) (4th cousin 15 times removed) John III Grand Prince of Finland (1537-1592) (4th cousin 15 times removed) 2 Nordic Seven Years' War (1563–1570) Battles at Sea Klas Kristersson Horn (1440-1520) (8th cousin 13 times removed) Battle of Axtorna (1565) Pontus De la Gardie (1520-1585) (Husband of half 5th cousin Sofia Gyllenhielm) Russo-Swedish War (1590–1595) Arvid Eriksson Stålarm the Younger (1540-1620) (4th cousin 13 times removed) Cudgel (Club) War (1596/97) Clas Eriksson Fleming (1535-1597) (2nd cousin 13 times removed) Fleming’s widow Ebba Stenbock (?-1614) (5th cousin 14 times removed) Åbo bloodbath (1599) Axel Jönsson Kurke (1555-1630) (4th cousin 11times removed) Linköping bloodbath (1600) Gustaf Axelsson Banér (1547-1600) (7th cousin 13 times removed) Polish-Swedish Wars (1290-1629) War against Sigismund (1598-1599) Battle of Stångebro (September 1598) Charles IX of Sweden (1550-1611) (4th cousin 13 times removed) Polish-Swedish War of 1600-1611. Battle of Kokenhausen (1600-1611) Carl Carlsson Gyllenhielm (1574-1650) (5th cousin 14 times removed) De la Gardie Campaign Battle of Klushino (1610) Battle of Kircholm (1605) The Siege of Pskov (1615) Evert Horn (1584-1615) (4th cousin 11 times removed) Ingrian War 1610 -1617 Jacob De la Gardie (1583-1652) (6th cousin 13 times removed) Polish–Swedish War (1621–1625) Polish–Swedish War (1626–1629) Per Brahe the Younger (1602-1680) (6th cousin 13 times removed) Herman Wrangel (1584-1643) (Husband of 6th cousin 11 times removed) Battle of Wallhof (1626) Battle of Oliva (1627) Niels Göransson Stiernsköld (1583-1627 in battle) (6th cousin 13 times removed) Clas Larsson Fleming (1592-1644) (2nd cousin 11 times removed) Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) Hakkapeliitta Torsten Stålhandske (1593-1644) (5th cousin 13 times removed) Siege of Stralsund (1628) Battle of Breitenfeld (1631) Axel Gustafsson Oxenstierna (1585-1654) (5th cousin 14 times removed) Battle of Rain (Lech) 1632 Battle of Jankau (1645) Siege of Nuremberg (1632) Battle of the Alte Veste (1632) 3 Lennart Torstensson (1603-1651), Count of Ortala (1603-1651) (9th cousin 12 times removed) Battle of Lützen (1632) Gustavus II Adolphus of Sweden, (1594-1632) (5th cousin 14 times removed) Battle of Nördlingen (1634) Gustav Horn Count af Björneborg (1592-1657) (4th cousin 11 times removed) Battle of Wittstock (1636) Johan Banér (1546-1641) (6th cousin 12 times removed) First Battle of Leipzig (1642) Torstenson War (1643-45) Battle of Jüterbog (1644) Battle of Fehrmarn (1644) Carl Gustaf Wrangel (1613-1676) (7th cousin 12 times removed) Second Northern War (1655) Battle of Golab (1656) Battle of Warka (1656) Battle of Warsaw (1656) Battle of the Sound (1658) Charles X of Sweden (1622-1660) (6th cousin 13 times removed) Magnus De la Gardie (1622-1686) (7th cousin 12 times removed) Scanian War (1675-79) Battle of Fehrbellin (1675) Waldemar (Wolmar) von Wrangel (1641-1675) (15th cousin 15 times removed) Battle of Lund (1676) Battle of Landskrona (1677) Charles XI King of Sweden (1655-1697) (7th cousin 12 times removed) Siege of Stralsund (1678) Otto Wilhelm Königsmarck (1639–1688) (Husband of 7th cousin 10 times removed) Great Northern War (1700–21) Arvid Horn (1664-1742) (6th cousin 9 times removed) Battle of Narva (1700) Charles XII of Sweden (1682-1718) (8th cousin 11 times removed) Battle of Klissow (1702) Axel Axelsson Sparre (1652-1728) (8th cousin 11 times removed) Siege of Nöteborg (1702) Battle of Pułtusk (1703) Battle of Holowczyn (1708) Battle of Lesnaya (1708) Adam Ludwig Lewenhaupt (1659-1719) (8th cousin 11 times removed) Battle of Poltava (1709) Cornelius von Loos (1686-1738) (6th great-grandfather) Konrad Sparre (1680-1744) (9th cousin 10 times removed) Siege of Vyborg (1710) Battle of Helsingborg (1710) Magnus Gustafsson Stenbock (1665-1717) (8th cousin 10 times removed) Battle of Gadebusch (1712) Skirmish (Kalabalik) at Bender (1713) Axel Erik Roos (1684-1765) (12th cousin 9 times removed) Battle of Storkyro (1714) Siege of Fredriksten (1716) Battle of Dynekilen (1716) Carolean Death March (1718-1719) Greater Wrath (Stora ofreden, Isoviha) (1724-21) 4 Russo-Swedish War (Lesser Wrath, Lilla ofredren, Pikkuviha) (1741–1743) Adolf Frederick of Holstein (1710-1771) (9th cousin 10 times removed) Russo-Swedish War (Gustav III’s Russian War) of 1788–90 Gustaf Mauritz Armfelt (1757-1814) (Husband of half 10th cousin 7 times removed) Battle of Hogland (July 17, 1788) Battle of Öland July 16, 1789) First Battle of Svensksund (August 24, 1789) Battle of Valkeala (April 29, 1790) Battle of Reval (May 13,1790) Charles XIII, Grand Admiral Duke Carl (1748-1818) (10th cousin 9 times removed) Battle of Fredrikshamn (May 15, 1790) Battle of Vyborg Bay (July 4, 1790) Second Battle of Svensksund (July 9, 1790) King Gustav III of Sweden (1746-1792) (10th cousin 9 times remove) Siege of Sveaborg (1808) Carl Olof Cronstedt (1756-1820) (10th cousin 5 times removed) Anjala conspiracy Johan Henrik Hästesko (1741-1790) (6th cousin 7 times removed) Johan Anders Jägerhorn (1757-1825) (10th cousin 5 times removed) Carl Erik Mannerheim (1759-1837) (Husband of 11th cousin 4 times removed) Finnish War Otto von Fieandt (1762-1823) (6th cousin 6 times removed) Battle of Pyhäjoki (16 April 1808) Battle of Siikajoki (18 April 1808) Battle of Revolax (April 27, 1808) Battle of Pulkkila (May 2, 1808) Joachim Zachris Duncker (1774 – 1809) (6th cousin 6 times removed) Battle of Lemo (June 19-20, 1808) Battle of Nykarleby (June 24, 1808) Battle of Vasa (June 25-26, 1808) Battle of Rimito Kramp (June 30-July 2, 1808) Battle of Lapua (July 14, 1808) Battle of Sandöström (August 2-3, 1808) Battle of Kauhajoki August 10, 1808) Battle of Alavus (August 17, 1808) Battle of Ratan and Sävar (August 19-20, 1808) Gustav Wachtmeister (1757–1826) (11th cousin
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