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Tokyo Is the Hub of Japan's Economic Activity

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Overview of Tokyo’s Economy Tokyo is the Hub of Japan’s Economic Activity Tokyo is the Hub of Japan’s Economic Activity Population Land Area Number of Employed Persons Daytime Population Population Land Area Number of Employed Persons (based on workplace) (10.3%) 2 (0.6%) 128,057,352 377,955km2 62,990,756 13,159,388 2,189 km 8,450,981 (13.4%) 15,608,300 2010 2011 2008 2010 2011 2008 2010 Number of Establishments Number of Enterprises Ratio of Small and Medium Enterprises Number of Establishments Number of Enterprises Ratio of Small and Medium Enterprises 5,886,193 1,805,545 99.7% 684,895 (11.6%) 280,603 (15.5%) 99.1% 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 Number of Enterprises Capitalized Number of Foreign-Affiliated Firms Number of Enterprises Capitalized Number of Foreign-Affiliated Firms at 1 Billion Yen or More at 1 Billion Yen or More 2,346 (75.7%) 3,098 5,801 2,799 (48.3%) 2011 2009 2011 2009 Gross prefectural product Gross prefectural product Prefectural income per person (nominal) Prefectural income per person (nominal) 483.2165 trillion yen 2,791,000 yen 85.2016 trillion yen (17.6%) 3,907,000 yen (140.0%) FY2009 FY2009 FY2009 FY2009 Loans Outstanding of Banks Loans Outstanding of Banks (Domestically Licensed) (Domestically Licensed) 413.4966 trillion yen 168.8307 trillion yen (40.8%) end of December 2011 end of December 2011 Number of Foreign Visitors Number of Foreign Travelers to Tokyo 6.22 million 5.94 million 2011 2010 Number of Factories Value of Manufactured Export Value Import Value Number of Factories Value of Manufactured Goods Shipments Export Value Import Value Goods Shipments (Tokyo Port, Haneda Airport, and Narita Airport) (Tokyo Port, Haneda Airport, and Narita Airport) 442,562 337.8640 trillion yen 65.5551 trillion yen 68.0511 trillion yen 40,137 (9.1%) 10.4819 trillion yen (3.1%) 14.0613 trillion yen (21.4%) 17.6487 trillion yen (25.9%) 2008 2008 2011 2011 (preliminary) 2008 2008 2011 (preliminary) 2011 (preliminary) Number of Stores Annual Sales of Goods (Wholesale, Retail) Number of Universities Number of Research Institutes Number of Stores Annual Sales of Goods Number of Universities Number of Research Institutes for (Wholesale, Retail) for National Sciences (Wholesale, Retail) (Wholesale, Retail) National Sciences 1,472,658 548.2371 trillion yen 780 6,087 2009 149,965 (10.2%) 182.2113 trillion yen (33.2%) 139 (17.8%) 944 (15.5%) 2009 2007 2007 FY2011 *includes establishments owned by national and local governments 2007 2007 FY2011 * includes establishments owned by national and local governments Ratio of Tertiary Industry Persons Engaged in Work Services Production Value Number of Establishments of the Information Ratio of Tertiary Industry Persons Engaged in Work Services Production Value Number of Establishments of the Information and Communications Industry and Communications Industry (22.6%) 68.8% 115.6437 trillion yen 77,901 80.7% 26.1695 trillion yen 25,689 (33.0%) 2007 FY2009 2009 2007 FY2009 2009 Note: Percentage in parentheses represent the proportion to the national total [Sources] • Geographical Survey Institute, MLIT "Land Survey of Prefectures, Shi, Ku, Machi and Mura" • CAO "Annual Report on Prefectural Accounts" [Sources] • Geographical Survey Institute, MLIT "Land Survey of Prefectures, Shi, Ku, Machi and Mura" • CAO "Annual Report on Prefectural Accounts" • MEXT "Basic Survey of Schools" • MIC "Population Census", "Economic Census for Business Frame" and "Employment Status Survey" • BOJ "Deposits and Loans Market" • MIC "Population Census", "Economic Census for Business Frame" and "Employment Status Survey" • TMG "Census of Manufactures" • Japan National Tourism Organization (JNTO) "Visitor Arrivals and Japanese Overseas Travelers" • METI "Census of Manufactures" ,"Census of Commerce" • TMG Bureau of Industrial and Labor Affairs "Survey on the Tourism in Tokyo - Number of tourists and other data" • BOJ "Deposits and Loans Market" • Small and Medium Enterprise Agency "White Paper on Small and Medium Enterprises in Japan" • MOF "Trade Statistics of Japan" • TMG Bureau of Industrial and Labor Affairs research • METI "Census of Commerce" • Toyo Keizai, Inc. "Foreign Affiliated Companies in Japan - A Comprehensive Directory" • MEXT "Basic Survey of Schools" • Toyo Keizai, Inc. "Foreign Affiliated Companies in Japan - A Comprehensive Directory" • Tokyo Customs "Trade Statistics" 2 Industry and Employment in Tokyo − A Graphic Overview 2012 Industry and Employment in Tokyo − A Graphic Overview 2012 3 Overview of Tokyo’s Economy Tokyo's Economic Base and Characteristics Tokyo, Where Economic Activities are Internationally Active 1 Tokyo Has an Enormous Economy Equal to a Country Gross prefectural product (nominal) and income 4 Financial Functions in Tokyo with Great International Influence (Trillion US dollars) Market capitalization, number of listed companies, (Trillion yen) per person by prefecture (FY2009) (1,000 yen) 25 and stock trading volume by exchange (worldwide, 2011) 120 5,000 (100 Billion Breakdown of deposits, loans, and bills cleared by prefectures (2011) US dollars) Income per person (right axis) GDP by country (Nominal) (2009) (%) 20 138.6 0 20 40 60 80 100 140 100 3,907 4,000 New York 11.8 85.2 100 Deposits 15 80 3,086 Tokyo 31.3 8.8 5.6 5.14.0 Other 45.2 2,970 volume) trading (Stock 2,879 2,867 2971 3,000 632.2 trillion yen NASDAQ 80 3.8 60 Kanagawa Aichi Saitama 60 50.4 49.9 10 2,000 Euronext 33.0 Loans 2.4 40 40 35.8 40.8 8.8 4.34.03.5 38.6 Germany1.2 26.2 31.9 29.7 413.5 trillion yen Shanghai Tokyo 21.7 21.1 15.9 5 London 20 14.6 13.5 13.4 12.5 10.0 2.4 Hong Kong 3.3 Toronto 9.2 8.8 8.3 7.9 20.4 19.2 1,000 Bovespa 3.3 20 Osaka Fukuoka 0 Gross prefectural product (Nominal) 1.2 2.3 Osaka 0.2 1.9 0 UK Bills cleared USA Italy 0 73.9 8.3 3.3 14.5 India 0 0 500 1.000 1.500 2.000 2.500 3.000 3.500 4.000 4.500 Brazil 379.6 trillion yen Spain Korea China Japan Tokyo Russia France Mexico Canada (Number of listed companies) (Company) Australia Germany Aichi Chiba Osaka Tokyo Note: Market capitalization and number of listed companies: values at the end of Netherlands Saitama Note: Deposits includes a negotiable deposit. Deposits and loans: values at the end of December. Stock trading volume: annual value. Bubble size indicates the market Note: Figures for Tokyo and Australia are fiscal year. Kanagawa December. Bills cleared: values of annual total. capitalization (only domestic stocks). Source: CAO “Annual Report on Prefectural Accounts” Source: CAO “Annual Report on Prefectural Accounts” Source: BOJ “Deposits and Loans Market” and JBA materials Source: WFE “Monthly reports” (%) Value of trade and rate of increase/decrease in Tokyo Harbor Has Seen a Great Increase in Imports Population pyramid by age and gender 2 350 value of imports and exports by importer and exporter 5 Work and School Commuters Come Together in Tokyo 6 Rapid Advance in Declining Birthrate/Aging Population And Exports with China (Tokyo port; 2011/2001) 90 years old Male Populationor pyramid more by age and genderFemale 300 Value of imports and exports (Tokyo port) Population based on place of work and schooling (2010) 85−8990 years old (Trillion yen) Population 2035 (Estimates)Male 80−84 or more Female 250 Daytime Population 75−79 9 Mideast Europe & Population based on place of work and schooling (2010) 85−89 in value of imports) of value in 13.16 million Korea Russia, etc. 15.61 million 70−74 80−84 200 69.1 Population 2035 (Estimates) 8 8.1 increase/decrease of (Rate 15.5 Daytime Population 65−69 75−79 China *Including “unreported Labor force status” 13.16 million 60−64 438.3 15.61 million Working or 70−74 7 150 2010 55−59 65−69 Central & South Asia *Including “unreported Labor force status”schooling in Tokyo 50−54 America 813.4 6.21 million 60−64 6 100 Working or 45−49 55−59 5.1 Import 30.5 2010 40−44 5 Western Oceania schooling in Tokyo 50−54 4.7 Middle East (Rate of increase/decrease 6.21 million 35−39 50 Europe 14.2 8.2 45−49 4 179.8 Taiwan in value of exports) Neither working 30−34 40−44 53.6 nor schooling 25−29 Export 0 35−39 3 3.7 3.90million 20−24 Hong Kong Africa Neither working 15−19 30−34 4.6 nor schooling 25−29 2 −50 North America 37.0 Working or schooling 1985 10−14 217.4 Working3.90million or 5−9 20−24 from other 15−19 1 −100 prefectures schooling in other 0−4 2.92Working million or schooling prefectures 1985 10−14 0 −100 −50 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 from other 0.47 millionWorking or 75 35 0 05−9 35 75 1991 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 2000 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 (%) prefectures schooling in other (10,000 people)0−4 2.92 million prefectures Note: Bubble size is the trade value in 2011 (total of import and export value). Preliminary results. 0.47 million 75 35 0 0 35 75 Note: 2011 figures are preliminary results. Unit: 10 billion yen. Bubbles made with narrow lines represent the value constituted by Asia. Note: Extracted preliminary results. (10,000 people) Source: Tokyo Customs “Tokyo Port Trade Statistics” Source: Tokyo Customs “Tokyo Port Trade Statistics” Source: MIC “Population Census” Source: MIC “Population Census” and National Institute of Population and Social Security Research “Household Projection for Japan Prefectures” (%) Aging percentage by country region (Tokyo, worldwide) Population by birth year and by age Haneda Airport is Expected to Enlarge as a Distribution Point Breakdown of volume of cargo handled by domestic (10,000 people) 35 Japan 3 ights at airports (2010) Born in 1950 Estimates Tokyo 35 Volume of cargo handled, number of passengers (Haneda airport) (%) 30 Germany (10,000 tons) (Million people) Korea 30 Number of passengers 66.8 25 23.0 100 (right axis) 70 Sweden 61.9 64.2 Other UK 17.2 25 20.4 58.7 60 Born in 1970 20 USA 80 77.3 Kagoshima Airport 22.6 China 73.3 76.1 2.1 50 20 20.1 18.1 15 60.9 60 59.3 Osaka International Volume of cargo Haneda Airport Born in 1980 15.9 40 Airport 39.5 15 10 6.9 handled in Born in 1960 76.2 domestic ight: 14.2 5.3 30 10 40 72.1 72.5 1.84 million tons 5 58.5 58.6 Fukuoka Airport Domestic ight cargo 10.5 Born in 1990 3.5 20 5 0 20 1955 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 2000 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 International ight cargo 10 Shin-Chitose 0 Other than Tokyo and Japan: Estimated medium values in a year.
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  • Mapping Seasonal Tree Canopy Cover and Leaf Area Using Worldview-2/3 Satellite Imagery: a Megacity- Scale Case Study in Tokyo Urban Area

    Mapping Seasonal Tree Canopy Cover and Leaf Area Using Worldview-2/3 Satellite Imagery: a Megacity- Scale Case Study in Tokyo Urban Area

    Supplementary Material Mapping seasonal tree canopy cover and leaf area using WorldView-2/3 satellite imagery: A megacity- scale case study in Tokyo urban area Yutaka Kokubu 1,2,*, Seiichi Hara 3 and Akira Tani 2 1 Tokyo Metropolitan Research Institute for Environmental Protection, 1-7-5, Shinsuna, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 136- 0075, Japan 2 Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan 3 NTT Data CCS Corporation, 4-12-1 Higashishinagawa, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 140-0002, Japan * Correspondence: [email protected] Table S1. Comparison of the vegetation land cover for each 23 municipalities in Tokyo special wards estimated by aerial photograph interpretation (Tokyo GWC-ratio data), and WorldView-2/3 imagery classification (this study). * The numbers in parentheses show the coverage ratio in the shadow area. Main location Land coverage ratio Municipality Difference Tokyo GWC- WV-2/3 data Area (%) Image No. in ratio data (Image classification result) (Special ward) Figure 2 (1) Tree canopy Vegetation* (2) Tree canopy* Grass* (2) – (1) Nerima-ku (1) and (2) 48.1 km2 17.3% 23.7 (2.9) % 14.4 (1.8) % 9.3 (1.2) % −2.9% Itabashi-ku (2) 32.1 km2 14.5% 20.0 (2.3) % 10.0 (1.2) % 10.0 (1.2) % −4.5% Toshima-ku (2) 13.0 km2 10.2% 13.0 (1.9) % 8.0 (1.2) % 5.0 (0.7) % −2.2% Suginami-ku (2) 34.1 km2 18.8% 23.7 (3.5) % 15.8 (2.3) % 8.0 (1.2) % −3.0% Nakano-ku (2) 15.6 km2 13.3% 16.3 (2.3) % 10.1 (1.4) % 6.1 (0.9) % −3.2% Setagaya-ku (2) 58.0 km2 18.7% 25.5 (3.2) % 15.2 (1.9) % 10.3 (1.3) %