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Aviation Occurrence Categories AVIATION OCCURRENCE CATEGORIES DEFINITIONS AND USAGE NOTES October 2011 (4.2) Occurrence categories are used to classify occurrences (that is, accidents and incidents) at a high level to permit analysis of the data in support of safety initiatives. Categories, such as CFIT and “loss of control” have been developed specifically for this purpose. RECORD OF REVISIONS Date Version Section Revision Added bullets regarding unmanned aircraft systems: “For unmanned aircraft, includes failure or System/Component Failure or malfunction of ground-based, transmission, or 10/2011 4.2 Malfunction (Non-Powerplant) aircraft-based communication systems or (SCF-NP) components –or– datalink systems or components.” and “Includes failures/malfunctions of ground- based launch or recovery systems equipment.” Added bullet for unmanned aircraft systems: “For unmanned aircraft events, includes hazardous outcomes involving deviation from intended flightpath associated with anticipated or 10/2011 4.2 Loss of Control- Inflight unanticipated loss of datalink. However, if loss of datalink is the direct result of a system/component failure or malfunction, code the occurrence as system/component failure or malfunction – non powerplant (SCF-NP) only.” 5/2011 4.1.5 Document Reformatted document Added BIRD, CTOL, EXTL, GTOW, LOLI and 5/2011 4.1.5 Attachment A UIMC categories to groupings and alphabetized groupings. Replaced the ICAO and CAST contacts with new 5/2011 4.1.5 Introduction CICTT email address 4/2011 4.1.5 Entire Document Alphabetized entries and fixed formatting Modified usage notes for Helicopters: replaced System/Component Failure or “Rotorcraft cyclic, collective, and tail rotor drive and 4/2011 4.1.5 Malfunction (Non-Powerplant) control system failures/malfunctions” with (SCF-NP) “Rotorcraft main rotor and tail rotor system, drive system and flight control failures or malfunctions” Modified usage notes for Helicopters: replaced “rotors, propeller/main rotor drive train (gearbox, System/Component Failure or transmission)” with “propeller system and engine 4/2011 4.1.5 Malfunction (Powerplant) gearbox”; replaced “Rotorcraft cyclic, collective and (SCF-PP) tail rotor drive and control failures “ with “Rotorcraft main rotor and tail rotor system, drive system and flight control failures” Controlled Flight Into or Toward 4/2011 4.1.5 Added usage notes for Helicopter operations Terrain (CFIT) 4/2011 4.1.5 Ground Collision (GCOL) Added “on designated taxiways” to note Added “on designated taxiways” to note 1; deleted 4/2011 4.1.5 Low Altitude Operations (LALT) note 2 Modified usage notes, added “with airplanes” after 4/2011 4.1.5 Low Altitude Operations (LALT) “scud running” Collision with Obstacle(s) During Modified usage notes, added the phrase “For all 4/2011 4.1.5 Take-off and Landing (CTOL) aircraft (excluding rotorcraft),” Page Revised 9/2008 Page ii Date Version Section Revision Collision with objects during 10/2008 4.1.4 Added CTOL to taxonomy take-off and landing (CTOL) 10/2008 4.1.4 Bird (BIRD) Added Bird category to taxonomy Abnormal Runway Contact Added usage notes on landing for Helicopters and 9/2008 4.1.4 (ARC) Gliders Loss of Control – In-flight Added usage notes for Helicopter stalls and power 9/2008 4.1.4 (LOC-I) settling. 9/2008 4.1.4 Ground Handling (RAMP) Added usage notes for Helicopters 9/2008 4.1.4 Cabin Safety Events (CABIN) Modified usage notes for Helicopter 9/2008 4.1.4 Aerodrome (ADRM) Modified usage notes for Helicopter landing Controlled Flight Into or Towards 9/2008 4.1.4 Modified usage notes for obstacles on ground Terrain (CFIT) 9/2008 4.1.4 Low Altitude Operations (LALT) Modified usage notes with qualifiers of low flying 9/2008 4.1.4 Evacuation (EVAC) Added usage notes for ditching 9/2008 4.1.4 Fuel Related (FUEL) Added "ice" in usage notes for contamination 9/2008 4.1.4 Ground Collision (GCOL) Modified usage notes, added "ground' qualifier Loss of Control - Ground Added usage notes for Helicopter rollover 9/2008 4.1.4 (LOC-G) occurrences Airprox/ TCAS Alert/ Loss of Separation/Near MidAir 9/2008 4.1.4 Added ACAS in the title for Helicopters Collisions/Midair Collisions (MAC) Controlled Flight Into or Towards 9/2008 4.1.4 Modified usage notes for obstacles on ground Terrain (CFIT) 9/2008 4.1.4 Low Altitude Operations (LALT) Modified usage notes with qualifiers of low flying 9/2008 4.1.4 Evacuation (EVAC) Added usage notes for ditching 9/2008 4.1.4 Fuel Related (FUEL) Added "ice" in usage notes for contamination 9/2008 4.1.4 Ground Collision (GCOL) Modified usage notes, added "ground' qualifier Loss of Control - Ground Added usage notes for Helicopter rollover 9/2008 4.1.4 (LOC-G) occurrences Airprox/ TCAS Alert/ Loss of Separation/Near MidAir 9/2008 4.1.4 Added ACAS in the title for Helicopters Collisions/Midair Collisions (MAC) Added usage notes for Helicopters departing from 9/2008 4.1.4 Runway Excursion (RE) helidecks and heliports Page Revised 9/2008 Page iii Date Version Section Revision Runway Incursion - Animal Modified usage notes for Helicopter encounters, 9/2008 4.1.4 (RI-A) changed cockpit crew to flight crew Runway Incursion-Vehicle, 9/2008 4.1.4 Modified usage notes for Helicopter encounters Aircraft, or Person (RI-VAP) 9/2008 4.1.4 Undershoot/Overshoot (USOS) Modified usage notes for Helicopter operations External Load Related 9/2008 4.1.4 Category Added for Helicopter operations Occurrences (EXTL) Loss of lifting conditions en-route 9/2008 4.1.4 Category Added for Light Aircraft operations (LOLI) Glider towing related events 9/2008 4.1.4 Category Added for Light Aircraft operations (GTOW) Wind shear or Thunderstorm 9/2008 4.1.4 Usage notes modified to include Lightning Strikes (WSTRW) 2/2006 4.1.3 Introduction Replaces ICAO co-chair with Yuri Fattah Loss of Control – Ground Third bullet: Replaced RI-VA with RI-VAP and 11/2005 4.1.2 (LOC-G) replaced RI-O with RI-A. Airprox/TCAS Alert/Loss of Title: Replaced Midair/Near Midair Collisions with Separation/Near Midair 11/2005 4.1.2 Airprox/TCAS Alert/Loss of Separation/Near Midair Collisions/Midair Collisions Collisions/Midair Collisions (MAC) (MAC) Airprox/TCAS Alert/Loss of Separation/Near Midair 11/2005 4.1.2 Third bullet: Added Collisions/Midair Collisions (MAC) 11/2005 4.1.2 Airprox/TCAS Alert/Loss of Fourth bullet: Added Separation/Near Midair Collisions/Midair Collisions (MAC) 10/2005 4.1 Rewording of the Mac category, Midair/Near Midair Collision/Loss of addition of two items to the Separation/TCAS Alert/Airprox (MAC) usages notes 6/2004 4.1 Executive Summary Added Corey Stephens as the CAST Co-chair 6/2004 4.1 Abnormal Runway Contact Fourth bullet: Added (ARC) 6/2004 4.1 Abrupt Maneuver (AMAN) Third bullet: Added 6/2004 4.1 Wind shear or Thunderstorm First bullet: Deleted the term “only.” (WSTRW) Page Revised 9/2008 Page iv TABLE OF TERMS ABNORMAL RUNWAY CONTACT (ARC) ___________________________________________________ 2 ABRUPT MANEUVER (AMAN) ___________________________________________________________ 2 AERODROME (ADRM) _________________________________________________________________ 3 AIRPROX/TCAS ALERT/LOSS OF SEPARATION/NEAR MIDAIR COLLISIONS/MIDAIR COLLISIONS (MAC) 3 ATM/CNS (ATM) _____________________________________________________________________ 4 BIRD (BIRD) _________________________________________________________________________ 4 CABIN SAFETY EVENTS (CABIN) __________________________________________________________ 5 COLLISION WITH OBSTACLE(S) DURING TAKE‐OFF AND LANDING (CTOL) ______________________ 6 CONTROLLED FLIGHT INTO OR TOWARD TERRAIN (CFIT) _____________________________________ 7 EVACUATION (EVAC) __________________________________________________________________ 8 EXTERNAL LOAD RELATED OCCURRENCES (EXTL) ___________________________________________ 8 FIRE/SMOKE (NON‐IMPACT) (F–NI) ______________________________________________________ 9 FIRE/SMOKE (POST‐IMPACT) (F–POST) ___________________________________________________ 9 FUEL RELATED (FUEL) _________________________________________________________________ 10 GLIDER TOWING RELATED EVENTS (GTOW) _______________________________________________ 10 GROUND HANDLING (RAMP) __________________________________________________________ 11 GROUND COLLISION (GCOL) ___________________________________________________________ 11 ICING (ICE) _________________________________________________________________________ 12 LOSS OF CONTROL – GROUND (LOC‐G) __________________________________________________ 12 LOSS OF CONTROL – INFLIGHT (LOC‐I) ___________________________________________________ 13 LOSS OF LIFTING CONDITIONS EN‐ROUTE (LOLI) ___________________________________________ 14 LOW ALTITUDE OPERATIONS (LALT) _____________________________________________________ 14 OTHER (OTHR) ______________________________________________________________________ 15 RUNWAY EXCURSION (RE) ____________________________________________________________ 15 RUNWAY INCURSION – ANIMAL (RI–A) __________________________________________________ 15 RUNWAY INCURSION – VEHICLE, AIRCRAFT OR PERSON (RI–VAP) ____________________________ 16 SECURITY RELATED (SEC) ______________________________________________________________ 16 SYSTEM/COMPONENT FAILURE OR MALFUNCTION (NON‐POWERPLANT) (SCF–NP) ____________ 17 SYSTEM/COMPONENT FAILURE OR MALFUNCTION (POWERPLANT) (SCF–PP) _________________ 18 TURBULENCE ENCOUNTER (TURB) ______________________________________________________ 19 UNDERSHOOT/OVERSHOOT (USOS) _____________________________________________________ 19 UNINTENDED FLIGHT IN IMC (UIMC) ____________________________________________________
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