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Mompha Miscella (Momphidae) and Scythris Dissimilella (Scythrididae)

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Mompha Miscella (Momphidae) and Scythris Dissimilella (Scythrididae) Two Helianthemum-feeding species of Lepidoptera new to The Netherlands: Mompha miscella (Momphidae) and Scythris dissimilella (Scythrididae) J. H. Küchlein, L. E. J. Bot & A. Schreurs KÜCHLEIN, J. H., L. E. J. BOT & A. SCHREURS, 1999. TWO HELIANTHEMUM-FEEDING SPECIES OF LEPI¬ DOPTERA NEW TO THE NETHERLANDS: MOMPHA MISCELLA (MOMPHIDAE) AND SCYTHRIS DISSIMI¬ LELLA (SCYTHRIDIDAE). - ENT. BER., AMST. 59 (7): 103-106. Abstract: Two species of Lepidoptera whose larvae feed on Helianthemum are recorded for the first time from The Netherlands, viz. Mompha miscella (Momphidae) and Scythris dissimilella. Of both species one specimen was captured: near Goes (province of Zeeland) on 6 August 1960 and near Vrouwenpolder (also province of Zeeland) on 15 August 1987, respectively. The nearest habitats of the foodplant (Helianthemum) occur in West-Belgium. External characters, genitalia, bionomics and geographical distribution of the two species are discussed. It is concluded that both specimens are casual migrants. J. H. Küchlein, Tinea foundation. Institute of Systematics and Population Biology, University of Amsterdam, Plantage Middenlaan 64, 1018 DH Amsterdam, The Netherlands. L. E. J. Bot, nr. 28, 8894 KG Formerum, Terschelling, The Netherlands. A. Schreurs, Joncker Bergstraat 138, 6462 TL Kerkrade, The Netherlands. Introduction tification problems for which the genera Mompha and Scythris are notorious. In The Netherlands the occurrence of the In the Dutch checklist (Küchlein, 1993) Rockrose (Helianthemum nummularium (L.) Mompha miscella must be inserted as 608a be¬ Mill, is restricted to the southern part of the tween M. terminella (Humphreys & West- province of Limburg (mainly to the Sint wood) and M. raschkiella (Zeller). Scythris Pietersberg near Maastricht) (Mennema et ah, dissimilella has to be inserted as 631 a between 1980; Blink, 1997). However, in another part S. ericivorella (Ragonot) and S. ericitella of the country, the province of Zeeland, where (Von Heinemann). the foodplant does not occur, two species of Lepidoptera were found, whose larvae live on Identification Rockrose. It concerns Mompha miscella (De¬ nis & Schiffermüller) and Scythris dissimilella Mompha miscella is externally well distin¬ (Herrich-Schäffer). A female of M. miscella guished from the other Dutch Mompha- was taken by J. H. Küchlein by means of a species by her small size (5-10 mm), and light trap east of Goes on 6 August 1960. The by colour and pattern of the forewing (fig. 1 ). specimen of Scythris dissimilella, a male, was The forewing is greyish brown with three fer¬ captured by A. Schreurs in the dunes near ruginous transverse fascia, the head is not me¬ Vrouwenpolder on 15 August 1987. Both spe¬ tallic. Also the recognition of the male genita¬ cimens are heavily worn and, as may be appa¬ lia (fig. 2) does not present problems: the rent from the dates, remained unidentified for valvula is slightly shorter than the sacculus, years. and the transtilla is absent. The female genita¬ The finding of these two species in The lia (fig. 3) are characterized by the length of Netherlands deserves closer attention, firstly the ductus bursae, which is longer than the because of the localities, far removed from the corpus bursae, by the dish-like shape of the foodplant, and, secondly, because of the iden¬ antrum and by the lamella antevaginalis, 104 Ent. Ber., Amst. 59 (1999) Fig. 1-3. Mompha miscella. 1, right forewing; 2, male genitalia (after Koster & Biesenbaum, 1994, modified); 3, female genitalia. which consists of an arch-like structure with is of the same size as S. cicadella, i.e. substan¬ two lobes. tially smaller than S. dissimilella. The male The genus Scythris has a reputation for ex¬ genitalia of the species belonging to the genus treme difficulties in determination of, particu¬ of Scythris are very heterogenous. In S. dissi¬ larly, the unicolorous species. However, milella (fig. 5) the genitalia show considerable Scythris dissimilella (fig. 4) belongs to a group reductions; they are distinguished by the long of species with a pale basal streak in the fold and slender gnathos, which is provided with of the forewing, and these species present far four conspicuous apical thornlike processes. less identification problems. In The Nether¬ Also the female genitalia (fig. 6) are characte¬ lands this group is represented by S. cicadella ristic. The genitalia of S. dissimilella are dis¬ (Zeller), S. limbella (Fabricius) and S. kno- tinguished from the above mentioned species chella (Fabricius). Scythris dissimilella is of Scythris by the distinct and uniform sclero- readily distinguished from S. cicadella by its tization of the ductus bursae, which is not scle- larger size (14 - 16 mm versus 10-12 mm). rotized in the other species. Scythris dissimilella can be distinguished The Dutch specimen of S. dissimella lost from the two other species by the relatively almost completely its markings, very probably long pale plical streak of the forewing, which after its capture. extends far beyond the middle of the wing and often reaches the termen. Some forms of S. po- Bionomics tentillella (Zeller) show something as a whi¬ tish plical streak. However, the latter species The larvae of Mompha miscella live on Ent. Ber., Amst. 59 (1999) 105 Fig. 4-6. Scythris dissimilella. 4, right forewing; 5, male genitalia; 6, female genitalia (after Bengtsson, 1984, modified). Rockrose {Helianthemum-species) (Riedl, lella has one generation, adults flying from the 1969; Emmet, 1988; Zagulyaev & Sinev, end of June to early September (Biesenbaum, 1990). In The Netherlands and adjacent re¬ 1996) but most frequently at the end of July gions only one species has to be considered, (Bengtsson, 1984). viz. H. nummularium (Mennema et al., 1980). The larva of neither M. miscella nor of S. In Great Britain the larvae are found in July dissimilella is known to feed on cultivated and from October onward to early spring Helianthemum-species. (Emmet, 1988). Initially the larva produces an irregular linear mine, which is afterwards en¬ Geographical distribution larged to a blotch, the top leaves of the plant being preferred (Hering, 1957). The mine is fi¬ Mompha miscella is known from nearly all gured by Steuer (1995). In Northwest-Europe European countries and according to local fau¬ M. miscella has two generations, the moths nas it is widely distributed and often common. appearing in Germany from late April to late In the western half of Europe, the species is June and from early July to mid August only missing in Norway and Ireland (Riedl, (Koster & Biesenbaum, 1994). For Great 1996). However, the species is not distributed Britain Emmet (1988) gives May, June and equally over the continent. Hering (1932) alre¬ August, September. ady established that M. miscella is often mis¬ Also the larvae of Scythris dissimilella feed sing in North-Germany. In The Netherlands it exclusively on Helianthemum-species (Schüt¬ was not found thus far and from the adjacent ze, 1931), so that again only H. nummularium regions of Germany only some records from has to be considered as the foodplant. The lar¬ the Eifel are known (Koster & Biesenbaum, va, which is still undescribed, spins a thin sil¬ 1994). Also in Belgium M. miscella is very ra¬ ken tube on the underside of the basal leaves re: there are only records from the provinces of the plant and is found in May and June of West-Vlaanderen (before 1980) and Namur (Schütze, 1931). In Central-Europe S. dissimi¬ (De Prins, 1998). We must therefore conclude 106 Ent. Ber., Amst. 59 (1999) Grundlage für faunistisch - zoogeographische Arbei¬ that the Dutch specimen of M. miscella was ten. - Die Tierwelt Mitteleuropas 6(3). Ergänzungs¬ captured beyond its known range. The nearest band 1 : i-vii, 1-545. habitats of Helianthemum nummularium are Hering, E. M., 1957. Bestimmungstabellen der Blatt¬ found along the Belgian North Sea-coast (Van minen von Europa einschliesslich des Mittelmeer¬ beckens und der Kanarischen Inseln 1: 1-648. W. Rompaey & Delvosalle, 1979). Junk, ’s-Gravenhage. The geographical distribution of Scythris Koster, S. & W. Biesenbaum, 1994. Familie: Mom- dissimilella shows another pattern, the nort¬ phidae. - Die Lepidopterenfauna der Rheinlande und hern limits of its range being situated far more Westfalens 3: 1-102. southward. This species is not known from Küchlein, J. H., 1993. De kleine vlinders; handboek voor de faunistiek van de Nederlandse Microlepidoptera: 1 - Denmark, Fennoscandia, Great Britain and 715. Pudoc, Wageningen. Ireland (Passerin d’Entrèves, 1996). In the Mennema, J., A. J. Quené-Boterenbrood & C. L. western half of Germany the most northerly Plate, 1980. Uitgestorven en zeer zeldzame planten. locality is situated in the Eifel (Biesenbaum, Atlas van de Nederlandse Flora 1: 1-226. Kosmos, Amsterdam. 1996). The only Belgian record is from the Passerin d’Entrèves, P., 1996. Scythrididae. In: The province of Namur (eastern Belgium), and da¬ Lepidoptera of Europe. A distributional checklist (O. tes from the 19th century. Evidently, the Karsholt & J. Razowski, eds): 75-78. Apollo Books, Dutch specimen of S. dissimilella is found far Stenstrup. beyond its range limits, though the foodplant - Prins, W. de, 1998. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Bel¬ gium. - Documents de Travail de l’Institut royal des as explained above - occurs along the Belgian Sciences naturelles de Belgique 92: 1-236. coast. Riedl, T., 1969. Matériaux pour la connaissance des From the foregoing it becomes clear that Momphidae paléarctiques (Lepidoptera) 9. Revue des the specimens of M. miscella and S. dissimilel¬ Momphidae européennes, y compris quelques espèces d’Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient. - Polskie Pis- la, captured in The Netherlands, have to be mo entomologiczne 39: 635-919. considered as rare vagrants. Riedl, T., 1996. Momphidae. In: The Lepidoptera of Europe. A distributional checklist (O. Karsholt & J. Razowski, eds): 95. Apollo Books, Stenstrup. Acknowledgement Rompaey, E. van & L. Delvosalle, 1979 (tweede uitga¬ ve). Atlas van de Belgische en Luxemburgse flora. The authors thank Mr W.
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