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Tuvalu Fisheries Deparment Annual Report 2016

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Tuvalu Fisheries Deparment Annual Report 2016 Fisheries Department Ministry of Natural Resources Government of Tuvalu Prepared for publication at the Pacific Community’s headquarters in New Caledonia and printed by Star Printery in Fiji, 2017. Annual Report 2016 Fisheries Department Ministry of Natural Resources Government of Tuvalu Funafuti, Tuvalu March 2017 Acronyms & Terms AA Access agreement AG Attorney-General ALB Albacore tuna AUD Australian dollar AWP Annual Work Plan BDM Beche-de-mer BET Bigeye tuna CFC Community Fishing Centre CFP Ciguatera fish poisoning CMM Conservation and Management Measure (of the WCPFC) CP1 TFD first Corporate Plan (2014–2016) CP2 TFD second Corporate Plan (2017–2019) EEZ Exclusive economic zone EU European Union FAD Fish aggregating device FCA Funafuti Conservation Area FFA Forum Fisheries Agency FFV Foreign fishing vessel FIMS Fishery Information Management System FO Fisheries Officer FSMA FSM Arrangement (for concessional fishery access between PNA domestic purse-seiners) GEF Global Environment Facility GIS Geographic Information System GOT Government of Tuvalu GRT Gross Registered Tonnage HRD Human resource development IFA Inshore Fisheries Advisor IMO International Maritime Organisation IT Information technology IUU Illegal, unregulated and unreported fishing LL Longline MCS Monitoring, control & surveillance MCSWG20 MCS working group, FFA MFED Ministry of Finance and Economic Development MNR Ministry of Natural Resources MRA Marine Resources Act MSC Marine Stewardship Council MT/mt Metric tons MTU Mobile transmission units NAFICOT National Fisheries Corporation of Tuvalu NAPA National Adaptation Programme of Action NFD Non-fishing days NPOA National plan of action NPOA National plan of action on IUU fishing O&D Operations and Development Section (of the TFD) OFCF Overseas Fishery Cooperation Foundation, Japan OI Outer Island PADI Professional Association of Diving Instructors PAE Party Allowable Effort (under the VDS) PERMU Public Enterprise Reform Management Unit PFO Principal Fisheries Officer PIRFO Pacific Island Regional Fishery Observer PL Pole and line PNA/O Parties to the Nauru Agreement / Office PROP Pacific Regional Oceanscape Programme PS Purse seine PWD Public Works Department R2R Ridge to Reef Project RFV Register of Fishing Vessels RIMF Regional Information Management Framework SDF Special Development Fund (of the Government of Tuvalu) SDG Sustainable Development Goal SFO Senior Fisheries Officer SKJ Skipjack tuna SMC Senior Management Committee SOP Standard operating procedures SPC Pacific Community SRP Sub-Regional Pool (of the VDS) TDF Tuvalu Development Fund TFD Tuvalu Fisheries Department TFSP Tuvalu Fisheries Support Programme (MFAT) TKIII Te Kakeega III: National Strategy for Sustainable Development 2015-2020 TMTI Tuvalu Maritime Training Institute TNOP Tuvalu National Observer Programme TOR Terms of reference UNDP United Nations Development Project UST United States Tuna Treaty UVC Underwater visual census VD/ VDS Vessel Day/ Vessel Day Scheme VMS Vessel Monitoring System WB World Bank WCPFC Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission YFT Yellowfin tuna v Contents 1 Background 1 1.1 The Tuvalu fisheries sector 1 1.2 Purpose of this report 1 1.3 Vision 2 1.4 Mission 2 1.5 Objectives 2 1.6 Organisation 3 2 Fisheries Department resources 3 2.1 Staffing 3 2.2 Assets and facilities 5 2.3 Budget 6 2.4 Internal management 7 2.5 Monitoring and reporting 7 3 Administration Section activities 8 3.1 General 8 3.2 MRA review 8 3.3 Fishery access negotiations 8 3.4 Review of NAFICOT 8 3.5 Participation in regional meetings and workshops 9 3.6 Staff training and workshops 9 3.7 Public Information and Awareness Program 9 4 Oceanic Fisheries activities 10 4.1 General 10 4.2 Licensing and access 11 4.3 Catch by the Tuvalu national fleet 12 4.4 Catch in national waters 13 4.5 Fishing effort 14 4.6 Fishery revenues 15 4.7 Transhipment 16 4.8 Monitoring, Control & Surveillance (MCS) 16 4.9 Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) 16 4.10 Regional Operations/Surveillance Patrol 17 4.11 National Observer Program 17 4.12 European Union (EU) yellow card 18 4.13 Other activities 18 4.14 Challenges encountered 18 5 Coastal Fisheries activities 19 5.1 General 19 5.2 Support Program for Outer Islands 19 5.3 Support program for Funafuti 19 5.4 Creel Survey Program 20 5.5 Resource assessment and monitoring 21 5.6 Monitoring of the microalgae that cause ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) 21 5.7 Artisanal tuna data collection 22 5.8 Outreach programs & in-house training 22 5.9 Reef fish exports 22 5.10 NAPA II fisheries component 23 vi 6 Operations and Development activities 23 6.1 General 23 6.2 Manaui 23 6.3 Tala Moana 24 6.4 Fish aggregating devices (FADs) 25 6.5 Fishermen training 26 6.6 Community Fisheries Training Centres 28 6.7 Purse seine crew training 28 6.8 Cyclone Pam relief funds 29 6.9 Ice machine 29 6.10 Fisheries Mechanical Workshop 29 7 Donor funding and projects 30 7.1 General 30 7.2 NZ Tuvalu Fisheries Support Programme (TFSP) 30 7.3 World Bank Pacific Regional Oceanscape Programme (PROP) 30 7.4 UN/GEF National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA II) 31 7.5 UN/GEF Ridge to Reef Project (R2R) 31 8 Issues and challenges 31 8.1 Inadequate office facilities 31 8.2 Low recurrent budget allocations 31 8.3 Compliance issues and the European Union (EU) “yellow card” 32 9 Annexes 33 9.1 Recurrent budget for fisheries in 2016 33 9.2 Participation in meetings and workshops 35 9.3 Radio awareness programming for 2016 37 Fisheries Department - Ministry of Natural Resources - Government of Tuvalu - vii Figures & Tables Figure 1: Tuvalu Fisheries Department Organisational Structure 4 Figure 2: New TFD office building view from the roadside 5 Figure 3: 2016 Annual Catches by Species for the Tuvalu National Purse-Seine Fleet in the WCPFC Convention Area over the past 5 years 12 Figure 4: Annual catch estimates for the Tuvalu national longline fleet 13 Figure 5: 2016 Annual Purse Seine Catch by Fleet in the Tuvalu EEZ 13 Figure 6: Longline catch 14 Figure 7: VDS monthly usage by bilateral fleets 14 Figure 8: Distribution of fishing vessel activity in the waters of Tuvalu and other FFA member countries 15 Figure 9: Revenues by licensing category (percent) in 2016 15 Figure 10: Photo showing the creel team at work 20 Figure 11: Creel samples per month by island in 2016 20 Figure 12: Ciguatera hotspots in the lagoon and fish poisoning cases recorded in 2016 21 Figure 13: Total Catch of Artisanal Tuna by small-scale fishers in 2016 22 Figure 14: Number of coolers of reef fishes exported from Funafuti in 2016 23 Figure 15: FAD training 26 Figure 16: Contents of grab bags 27 Figure 17: 3D representation of the planned training centre buildings 28 Table 1: The number of licences issued by gear for the last 6 years, as well as for support vessels (carriers and bunkers) 11 Table 2: Tuvalu’s flagged vessels 12 Table 3: Annual provisional catch estimates (MT) for Tuvalu PS fleet, in the WCPO (2012-16) 12 Table 4: Total tonnage of tuna species transhipped in port as at 31 December 2016 16 Table 5: Number of trips executed by the Manaui in 2016 24 Table 6: List of trips executed by the Tala Moana in 2016 25 Table 7: Grab bags distributed versus the number of fishing vessels by island 27 Table 8: Recommended relief activities for Cyclone Pam and their status 29 viii - Annual report 2016 1 Background 1.1 The Tuvalu fisheries sector Tuvalu is situated in the South Pacific Ocean between latitudes 2 and 13 degrees South and longi- tudes 172 degrees East and 177 degrees West, encompassing an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of 900,000 sq. kilometres and a land area of 26 sq. kilometres. The islands of Tuvalu, all low lying atolls, are homes to around 11,000 persons with over half living on the capital Funafuti. Subsistence activities dominate Tuvalu’s fisheries sector. A wide variety of techniques are used throughout the group to collect fish, crabs and shellfish which are consumed, shared or informally bartered. In the past Fisheries Centres were established on most outer islands with the intention of providing fishers with income earning opportunities, but most of these are no longer functioning. On the main island, Funafuti, artisanal fishing is limited to a small fleet of 4-5 meter outboard pow- ered skiffs which mostly fish by trolling for tuna and by line fishing for reef fish. About 75 percent of the fish landed in Tuvalu are ocean species, predominantly two species –skip- jack and yellowfin. The remainder is made of reef and lagoon species, with smaller amounts of bot- tom fish from deep slope areas. From census data it has been determined that 74 percent of house- holds participate in reef fishing and 63 percent in ocean fishing. Studies in fish consumption over the past decade have resulted in estimates in fish annual per capita consumption of between 85 to 146 kilograms. Current annual fishery production, estimated at approximately 1,100 tonnes, indi- cates that per capita fresh fish consumption in Tuvalu is of the order of 100 kilograms per year. Tuvalu engages in the two key industrial tuna fisheries of purse seine and longline. Fishing is gener- ally undertaken by foreign vessels under access agreements and skipjack tuna make up the bulk of the catch. Fisheries licensing is now the major source of Government revenue with a contribution to the nation’s GDP of around 42% (A$33 million in 2016) based on the combination of license fees, selling of vessel days, transhipment fees, observer fees and joint venture dividends. So far it is also providing employments to young school leavers through the Tuvalu National Observer Program and (to a lesser extent) employment of Tuvaluan crew on fishing vessels.
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