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Ilmenite and Rutile ILMENITE AND RUTILE Indian Minerals Yearbook 2014 (Part- III : MINERAL REVIEWS) 53rd Edition ILMENITE AND RUTILE (FINAL RELEASE) GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF MINES INDIAN BUREAU OF MINES Indira Bhavan, Civil Lines, NAGPUR – 440 001 PHONE/FAX NO. (0712) 2565471 PBX : (0712) 2562649, 2560544, 2560648 E-MAIL : [email protected] Website: www.ibm.gov.in July, 2016 27-1 ILMENITE AND RUTILE 27 Ilmenite & Rutile ndia is endowed with large resources of heavy Bengal have been investigated for over six Iminerals which occur mainly along coastal decades by AMD. The ilmenite resources stretches of the country and also in inland estimation for the areas explored up to 2012 has placers. Heavy mineral sands comprise a group of been completed and the resources are up from seven minerals, viz, ilmenite, leucoxene (brown 520.38 million tonnes to 593.50 million tonnes ilmenite), rutile, zircon, sillimanite, garnet and (including leucoxene), inclusive of indicated, monazite. Ilmenite (FeO.TiO2) and rutile (TiO2) are inferred and speculative categories. Resource the two chief minerals of titanium. Titanium dioxide estimation for the areas explored during 2012-14 occurs in polymorphic forms as rutile, anatase is under progress. The most significant deposits (octahedrite) and brookite. Though, brookite is which are readily available and attract attention not found on a large-scale in nature, it is an of industry for large-scale operations are as alteration product of other titanium minerals. follows: Leucoxene is an alteration product of ilmenite and found associated with ilmenite. State/Deposit Ilmenite reserve (In million tonnes) RESOURCES Andhra Pradesh Ilmenite and rutile along with other heavy 1. Bhavanapadu Hukumpet 10.18 minerals are important constituents of beach sand 2. Kakinada (Phase I-VIII) 13.84 deposits found right from Moti Daman-Umbrat 3. Kalingapatnam 5.80 4. Narasapur 2.92 coast (Gujarat) in the west to Odisha coast in the 5. Nizampatnam 19.26 east. These minerals are concentrated in five well 6. Srikurman (South) 8.60 defined zones: 7. Visakhapatnam (Bhimunipatnam) 2.88 8. Amalapuram (Phase I-III) 3.10 9. Pandurangapuram-Voderevu * Over a stretch of 22 km between Neendakara (Bapatla-Chirala coast) 10.39 and Kayamkulam, Kollam district, Kerala 10. Vetapalem Coast (Chirala coast) 5.31 (known as 'Chavara' deposit after the main 82.28 Kerala mining centre). 1. Chavara Barrier beach 13.17 2. Chavara Eastern Extension (Phase-I) 17.02 * Over a stretch of 6 km from the mouth of 3. Chavara Eastern Extension (Phase-II) 49.26 Valliyar river to Colachal, Manavalakurichi 4. Trikkunnapuzha-Thotapally Beach and little beyond in Kanyakumari district, & Eastern Extension 9.50 5. Alapuzha-Kochi 5.88 Tamil Nadu (known as MK deposit). 94.83 Maharashtra * On Chatrapur coast stretching for 18 km Ratnagiri 3.68 between Rushikulya river mouth and Gopalpur lighthouse with an average width of 1.4 km in Gujarat Moti Daman-Umbrat coast 2.77 Ganjam district, Odisha (known as 'OSCOM' deposit after IREL's Orissa Sands Complex). Odisha 1. Brahmagiri (Phase IV) 37.98 * Brahmagiri deposit stretches for 30 km from 2. Chatrapur 26.72 Girala nala to Bhabunia village with an 3. Gopalpur (Phase I-IV) 6.39 71.09 average width of 1.91 km in Puri district, Odisha. Tamil Nadu 1. Kudiraimozhi 22.86 * Bhavanapadu coast between Nilarevu and 2. Ovari-Periyatalai-Manapadu (Teri) 24.01 Sandipeta with 25 km length and 700 m average 3. Sattankulam Teris 41.26 width in Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh. 4. Cuddalore-Pudupattuchavadi 4.67 5. Vayakallur (Block I-IV) 3.54 6. Manavalakurichi 2.04 The AMD of the Department of Atomic Energy 7. Midalam 1.64 has been carrying out exploration of these mineral 100.02 deposits. So far, about 3,800 km coastal tract and 160.72 sq km inland areas in Tamil Nadu and West Source: Department of Atomic Energy, Mumbai. 27-2 ILMENITE AND RUTILE The average grade of total heavy minerals in As per the UNFC system as on 1.4.2010 these deposits is 10-25% of which 30-35% is compiled by IBM, the total resources of titanium minerals is placed at 394 million tonnes comprising ilmenite. The overall statewise reserves of ilmenite ilmenite (335.6 million tonnes), rutile (13.4 million and rutile which occur together in beach sand tonnes), leucoxene (1.0 million tonnes), anatase deposits are given in Table-1. (3.3 million tonnes) and titaniferous magnetite (40.6 million tonnes). Table – 1 : Resources of Ilmenite and Rutile EXPLORATION & DEVELOPMENT IREL carried out exploration work at Chatrapur (In million tonnes) sand deposit, district Ganjam, Odisha for ilmenite & rutile, zircon, monazite, sillimanite and garnet. State Total A total of 2464.054 hectares was explored. in situ # Exploration work had started in the year 1969 and was undertaken by AMD, DAE. A total of Ilmenite*: Total 593.50 394 boreholes were drilled and 2349 samples were Andhra Pradesh 163.05 collected for mineralogical analysis during the year 2012-13. There are plans to drill 942 more Jharkhand/Bihar 0.73 boreholes in next three years. The deposit is beach Gujarat 2.77 placer deposit, length 18 km along the coast of Bay of Bengal between Rushikulya river and Kerala 145.70 Gopalpur with an average width of 1.4 km. Maharashtra 3.74 GSI carried out exploration work for placer Odisha 96.44 minerals in the terrritorial waters off north Bhuminipatnam, Andhra Pradesh for ilmenite, rutile, Tamil Nadu 179.02 garnet, sillimanite and zircon. A total of 66 vibrocore seabed sediment samples varying in length from West Bengal 2.05 0.46 m to 3.78 m with an average core length of 2.10 m were collected on grid of 1 km x 1 km within the water depth of 22.56 to 39.47 m. In territorial waters off Rutile: Total 31.35 Palur-Malud, Odisha sand samples show dominance Andhra Pradesh 10.25 of economic heavy minerals like ilmenite, rutile, garnet, monazite and sillimanite. Jharkhand/Bihar 0.01 In Kerala, GSI took up assessment of heavy Gujarat 0.02 minerals in near shore area of Attipara, near Thiruvananthapuram. The preliminary study shows Kerala 8.41 that ilmenite is the major heavy mineral occurring in the sediments. Other minerals include zircon, Odisha 4.47 sillimanite, garnet and monazite. Tamil Nadu 8.00 The survey and exploration carried out by West Bengal 0.19 AMD during 2008-09, 2009-10, 2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13 and 2013-14 included parts of West Source: Department of Atomic Energy, Mumbai. Bengal, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, # Inclusive of indicated, inferred and speculative categories. Kerala, Karnataka, Maharashtra and Gujarat. The * Including leucoxene. details of exploration activities carried out by - Maharashtra (2300) tonnes. AMD during 2013-14 are furnished in Table-2. 27-3 ILMENITE AND RUTILE Table – 2 : Exploration Activities by AMD for Ilmenite, Rutile, Monazite, Zircon and other Heavy Minerals, 2013-14 Activity Location Reconnai- Detailed Remarks ssance survey survey (sq km) (sq km) Parts of 302.62 14.4 Reconnaissance survey was undertaken to delineate Odisha, (Coastal potential heavy mineral concentrations along the Andhra Pradesh, tracts) coastal and inland tracts: Karnataka and Inland Tamil Nadu areas (a) Bajrakot-Brahmapur tract,Ganjam District, Odisha records THM ranging from 0.67 to 56.27%. (b) Four inland red sediment occurrences exposed between Patsonapuram-Agastinuagan, Ganjam District, Odisha record THM ranging from 2.01% to 57.31% (c) Swanamukhi River Confluence-Kothapatnam tract, SPSR, Nellore District records THM up to 1.55%. (d) Vaipar-vembar-Naripaiyur tract, Thoothukudi and Ramanathapuram District, Tamil Nadu records very low THM of 5-15%. In addition to reconnaissance surveys, detailed survey was carried out in (i) Malikipuram, East Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh and (ii) Chavara, Kerala. Source: Department of Atomic Energy, Mumbai. PRODUCTION AND PRICES Rutile The production of rutile at 13 thousand Ilmenite tonnes in 2013-14 registered decrease by 19% as The production of ilmenite at 722 thousand compared to that in the previous year. Odisha was tonnes in 2013-14 decreased by 2% as compared the leading producer of rutile accounting for 43% to that in the preceding year. Tamil Nadu was of the total production followed by Tamil Nadu the leading producer of ilmenite during the year 31% and Kerala 26 percent. under review, contributing 67% of the total production followed by Odisha 20% and Kerala Production and prices of ilmenite and rutile 13 per cent. are furnished in Tables- 3 to 5. 27-4 ILMENITE AND RUTILE Table – 3 : Production of Ilmenite and Rutile Table – 5: Prices of Ilmenite 2011-12 to 2013-14 (P) 2011-12 to 2013-14 (By States) (` per tonne) (In tonnes) Period Grade Price Remarks State 2011-12 2012-13(R) 2013-14(P) IREL ILMENITE 2011-12 India : Total 718612 738524 721959 2011-12 Q 6875 Ex-works, loose Kerala 86454 68555 95083 2011-12 MK 6525 Ex-works, loose Odisha 188000 184570 146771 2011-12 OR 5125 Ex-works, loose Tamil Nadu 444158 485399 480105 2011-12 Q 17000 Ex-works, loose 2011-12 MK 16100 Ex-works, loose 2011-12 OR 10000 Ex-works, loose RUTILE (Non SR/TiO2) India : Total 20225 16527 13459 Kerala 5664 3075 3468 2011-12 Q 12650 Ex-works, loose 2011-12 MK 12450 Ex-works, loose Odisha 7874 7170 5759 2011-12 OR 12650 Ex-works, loose Tamil Nadu 6717 6282 4232 (SR/TiO2) 2012-13 2012-13 Q 20937 Ex-works, loose 2012-13 MK 19775 Ex-works, loose Table – 4 : Prices of Rutile 2012-13 OR 17062 Ex-works, loose (Non SR/TiO ) 2011-12 to 2013-14 2 (L per tonne) 2012-13 Q 15200 Ex-works, loose 2012-13 MK 14775 Ex-works, loose Year Grade Price Remarks 2012-13 OR 13525 Ex-works, loose (SR/TiO ) IREL 2 2013-14 2011-12 2013-14 Q 13833 Ex-works, loose 2011-12 Q 68429 Ex-works, Bagged 2013-14 MK 19833 Ex-works, loose 2013-14 OR 16833 Ex-works, loose 2011-12 MK 68429 Ex-works, Bagged (Non SR/TiO2) 2011-12 OR 68429 Ex-works, Bagged 2013-14 OR 14958 Ex-works, loose (Non SR/TiO2) 2012-13 2013-14 Q 12283 Ex-works, loose 2012-13 Q 112500 Ex-works, Bagged 2013-14 MK 35550 Ex-works, loose 2013-14 OR 10567 Ex-works, loose 2012-13 MK 112500 Ex-works, Bagged (SR/TiO2) 2012-13 OR 112500 Ex-works, Bagged KMML 2011-12 12650 59.88% TiO2 2012-13 17900 59.88% TiO2 2013-14 2013-14 NA 2013-14 Q 80167 Ex-works, Bagged V.V.
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