THE ’S COCCYGEAL TAIL 18-24 Vertebrae HINDLIMB BONES OF ASSEMBLY PELVIC LIMB 3-4 Vertebrae PHALANGES , PAWS, TOES, Croup SACRUM 3 fused Vertibrae HIP OR FIBULA Rear Pastern Thigh PELVIS Hips METATARSUS TARSUS - HOCK PELVIC JOINT Flank FEMUR Heel on Ankle Joint Belly or Loin Abdomen PATELLA STIFLE Knee Cap LUMBAR Tibia, Leg. Lower Leg Knee Joint 7 Vertebrae BACK CHEST Trunk BODY RIBCAGE/ VERTEBRAL COLUMN Midback 4 Vertebrae THORACIC 13 Vertebrae Withers 9 Vertebrae NECK - CERVICAL 7 Vertebrae ULNA ELBOW 13 ribs Joint Forearm STERNUM RADIUS & Lower Arm Shoulder SCAPULA HUMERUS CARPUS SHOULDER Arm./Upper Arm PAWS, TOES, Skull Wrist or Pastern Joint METACARPUS - PASTERN DEWCLAWS, PHALANGES Muzzle FORELIMB ASSEMBLY AXIAL SKELETON BONES OF PECTORAL LIMB APPENDICULAR SKELETON Head, Vertebrae Column, Ribs BODY 306-16-05

Canadian Kennel Club Official Breed Standards 2 THE DOG’S ANATOMY

BODY

OCCIPUT WRINKLE

CREST SKULL STOP MUZZLE LOIN WITHERS HIP BACK

DEWLAP

LIP FLEWS POINT OF CHEEK

SHOULDER POINT OF SHOULDER

BRISKET HOCK JOINT STIFLE ELBOW

FOREARM KNEE

PASTERN

SPLEEN KIDNEYINTESTINE

TESTES TRACHEA

LUNG

HEART

January 2004 THE DOG’S ANATOMY 3

BODY

OCCIPUT AXIS ATLAS SOCKET OR ORBIT LUMBAR CERVICAL VERTEBRAE VERTEBRAE

THORACIC VERTEBRAE

PELVIS

SHOULDER BLADE OR SCAPULA FEMUR

HUMERUS ULNA RIBS RADIUS

TIBIA FIBULA

HEAD - Bones & Dentition

OCCIPITAL CREST SAGITTAL CREST PARIETAL BONE

ZYGOMATIC PROCESS OF FRONTAL BONE

TEMPORAL BONE ZYGOMATIC ARCH

MANDIBULAR JOINT

PREMAXILLA ANGULAR PROCESS

NASAL BONE MOLARS

MANDIBLE

INCISORS PREMOLARS CANINES

Canadian Kennel Club Official Breed Standards 4 THE DOG’S ANATOMY

HEAD - External Features

SKULL

EYE STOP

EAR

MUZZLE

NOSTRILS

FLEW

LIP

DOWN FACE DISH FACE CHEEKY

DOMED HEAD BUMPY SKULL FROG FACE

BROKEN UP FACE, LAY BACK SNIPEY MUZZLE

January 2004 THE DOG’S ANATOMY 5

MOUTH - Bites

LEVEL SCISSORS

UNDERSHOT OVERSHOT

EYES - Types

ALMOND OVAL

FULL, ROUND, GLOBULAR TRIANGULAR

Canadian Kennel Club Official Breed Standards 6 THE DOG’S ANATOMY

EARS – Types

PRICK EAR BUTTON EAR

SEMI-PRICK EAR DROP EAR

ROSE EAR BAT EAR

January 2004 THE DOG’S ANATOMY 7

BACK & SHOULDERS

LEVEL BACK CAMEL BACK

EWE NECK

HOLLOW BACK ROACH BACK

SLOPING SHOULDER STRAIGHT SHOULDER

Canadian Kennel Club Official Breed Standards 8 THE DOG’S ANATOMY

FEET – Types

ROUND OR CAT FOOT HARE FOOT

FLAT FOOT OR SPLAY FOOT DOWN IN PASTERN

January 2004 THE DOG’S ANATOMY 9

LEGS

FIDDLE NARROW OUT AT STRAIGHT FRONT FRONT ELBOW FRONT

DOWN KNUCKLED “WOLF” STRAIGHT IN PASTERN OVER SHOULDER FRONT

CORRECT STRAIGHT MODERATELY COW-HOCKED HIND END STIFLED ANGULATED HINDQUARTER

Canadian Kennel Club Official Breed Standards 10 THE DOG’S ANATOMY

FRONTS

TOO NARROW IN FRONT NORMAL, STRAIGHT AND EAST-WEST FEET

CHIPPENDALE OR OUT AT ELBOW AND FIDDLE FRONT TOO WIDE IN FRONT

STRAIGHT FRONT KNUCKLED OVER DOWN IN PASTERN

January 2004 THE DOG’S ANATOMY 11

REARS

CORRECT, STRAIGHT, NORMAL COW-HOCKED

BANDY OR WIDE NARROW

NORMAL ANGULATED STRAIGHT STIFLES HINDQUARTERS

Canadian Kennel Club Official Breed Standards 12 THE DOG’S ANATOMY

TAILS - Types

PLUME OTTER

CURLED GAY DOUBLE CURL

SCREW SNAP WHIP

SICKLE RING AT END

January 2004