National Detector Dog Manual
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United States Department of National Detector Dog Agriculture Animal and Manual 1 Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Mention of companies or commercial products does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture over others not mentioned. USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of any product mentioned. Product names are mentioned solely to report factually on available data and to provide specific information. This publication reports research involving pesticides. All uses of pesticides must be registered by appropriate State and/or Federal agencies before they can be recommended. CAUTION: Pesticides can be injurious to humans, domestic animals, desirable plants, fish, or other wildlife—if they are not handled or applied properly. Use all pesticides selectively and carefully. Follow recommended practices for the disposal of surplus pesticides and pesticide containers. Acknowledg- ments We would like to recognize the following individuals who worked diligently on this final version of the USDA National Detector Dog Manual: Bruce Attavian, Technical Manuals Writer, PDC, Frederick, MD Lisa Beckett, Training Specialist, NDDTC, Orlando, FL Debra Dunn, WR Senior Regional Program Manager, Fort Collins, CO Sue Ellis, NDDTC Instructor, Orlando, FL Becky Frasure, Editorial Assistant, PDC, Frederick, MD Roger Holman, ER Regional Program Manager, Raleigh, NC Grace Nagano, WR Regional Canine Program Coordinator, Honolulu, HI Alison Pae, ER Regional Canine Program Coordinator, Atlanta, GA Frank Ramos, Administrative Support Assistant, NDDTC, Orlando, FL Albert Roche, ER Regional Canine Program Coordinator, San Juan, PR Michele Sowell, WR Regional Canine Program Coordinator, Houston, TX Diana Verity, WR Regional Canine Program Coordinator, Los Angeles, CA Jay Weisz, Director, NDDTC, Orlando, FL Donna L. West, National Detector Dog Program Manager, Washington, DC We would also like to ackowledge those individuals who worked on the interim manual: Jim Armstrong, Darren Bartnik, Wendy Beltz, Dr. Rose Borkowski, Berkie Brown, Kim Caudle, Lisa Davis, Debra Dunn, Becky Frasure, Beverly Gordon, Brendt Heldt, Tony Maki, Tom Miller, Grace Nagano, Albert Roche, Andy Rodriguez, Sandy Seward, Calvin Shuler, Jim Smith, Mike Smith, and Dawn Wade. Contents 1 National Detector Dog Manual Tables page v Figures page vii Introduction page 1-1-1 Procedures Equipment page 2-1-1 Incidents page 2-2-1 Kenneling Requirements page 2-3-1 Procuring Detector Dogs page 2-4-1 Public Awareness page 2-5-1 Retiring Detector Dogs page 2-6-1 Utilizing Detector Dogs page 2-7-1 Health Care Anatomy page 3-1-1 Diseases and Parasites page 3-2-1 First Aid and Emergency Care page 3-3-1 General Care page 3-4-1 Grooming page 3-5-1 Training page 4-1-1 Glossary page 5-1-1 Appendix A APHIS Contacts page A-1-1 Appendix B Personnel page B-1-1 Appendix C History of Detector Dog Programs page C-1-1 Appendix D Equipment page D-1-1 Appendix E Shipping and Daily Transporting Detector Dogs page E-1-1 Appendix F Weight Rating page F-1-1 Appendix G Expressing Anal Glands page G-1-1 04/2012-05 National Detector Dog Manual iii PPQ Contents Appendix H Reporting and Documentation page H-1-1 Appendix I Legislative Authority page I-1-1 Appendix J Forms page J-1-1 Index page Index-1-1 iv National Detector Dog Manual 04/2012-05 PPQ Tables 1 National Detector Dog Manual TABLE 2-4-1: Steps of the Procurement Process page 2-4-4 TABLE 2-4-2: Action to Take After Completing the Initial Screening page 2-4-7 TABLE 2-4-3: Action to Take After Completing the Temperament Evaluation page 2-4-8 TABLE 2-4-4: Action to Take After a Veterinarian Completes the General Exam page 2-4-9 TABLE 2-4-5: Action to Take After a Veterinarian Completes the Heart Worm Test page 2-4-9 TABLE 2-4-6: Action to Take After a Veterinarian Completes the Blood Test page 2-4-9 TABLE 2-4-7: Action to Take After the NDDTC Veterinarian Views the X-Rays page 2-4-10 TABLE 2-4-8: Action to Take After a Veterinarian Evaluates the Dog’s Eating Habits page 2-4-11 Table 2-6-1: Determine Whether to Retire a Detector Dog When a Canine Officer Leaves the Position page 2-6-2 TABLE 2-7-1: Implementation Process for a New Detector Dog Team page 2-7-2 TABLE 2-7-2: Action to Take to Ensure Consistent Proficiency of a Detector Dog When a Canine Officer Is Away for Extended Periods page 2-7-7 Table 3-2-1: Summary of Important Infectious Diseases page 3-2-6 Table 3-2-2: Summary of External Parasites page 3-2-16 Table 3-2-3: Summary of Internal Parasites page 3-2-17 TABLE 3-3-1: Location of First Aid Related Topics in the Manual page 3-3-1 TABLE 3-3-2: Signs of and First Aid for Bleeding page 3-3-3 TABLE 3-3-3: How to Prevent Bloating page 3-3-4 TABLE 3-3-4: Signs of and First Aid for Bloating page 3-3-4 TABLE 3-3-5: Signs of and First Aid for Cold Injuries page 3-3-5 TABLE 3-3-6: Signs of and First Aid for Foreign Objects in the Mouth page 3-3-5 TABLE 3-3-7: Signs of and First Aid for Overheating (Hyperthermia) page 3-3-7 07/2003-02 National Detector Dog Manual v PPQ I:\MANUALS\Bruce\Detector Dog\zip_disk\Detector_DogLOT.fm Tables TABLE 3-3-8: Signs of and First Aid for Shock page 3-3-11 TABLE 3-4-1: Canine Vital Signs page 3-4-2 TABLE 3-4-2: Daily Health Check page 3-4-4 TABLE 3-4-3: Health Abnormality Checklist page 3-4-10 TABLE 3-4-4: Symptom Checklist page 3-4-10 TABLE 3-4-5: Determining Action to Take on Sudden Changes in Your Dog’s Appetite page 3-4-12 TABLE 3-4-6: Determining Action to Take on Coughing (Including Wheezing, Sneezing, and “Reverse Sneezing”) page 3-4-15 TABLE 3-4-7: Diarrhea and Bowel Movement Irregularities page 3-4-17 TABLE 3-4-8: Determining Action to Take for Diarrhea and Bowel Movement Irregularities page 3-4-18 TABLE 3-4-9: Determining Action to Take for Vomiting page 3-4-20 TABLE E-1-1: Where to Check About Needed Quarantine or Health Requirements for Arriving Animals page E-1-2 vi National Detector Dog Manual 07/2003-02 PPQ Figures 1 National Detector Dog Manual FIGURE 2-2-1: Detector Dog Assault Report page 2-2-3 FIGURE 2-2-2: Sample of Standard Form 95, Claim for Damage, Injury, or Death page 2-2-6 FIGURE 2-2-3: Detector Dog Aggression Report page 2-2-7 FIGURE 2-3-1: A Checklist of Basic Kenneling Requirements page 2-3-3 FIGURE 2-3-2: A Checklist of Sanitary Requirements page 2-3-4 FIGURE 2-4-1: Model of a Limited Release Form and Sterilization Agreement page 2-4-6 FIGURE 2-4-2: AVMA Positioning Criteria for X-rays page 2-4-10 FIGURE 2-4-3: Model of a Final Release Form page 2-4-12 FIGURE 2-5-1: Media Calls page 2-5-5 FIGURE 2-6-1: Sample of Acknowledgment of Receipt, Agreement and Waiver of Liability page 2-6-4 FIGURE 3-1-1: External Anatomy of a Beagle page 3-1-2 FIGURE 3-1-2: Internal Anatomy of a Beagle—Skeletal Structure page 3-1-3 FIGURE 3-1-3: Internal Anatomy of a Beagle—Internal Organs (male) page 3-1-4 FIGURE 3-1-4: Internal Anatomy of a Beagle—Internal Organs (female) page 3-1-5 FIGURE 3-2-1: Life Cycle of a Heartworm page 3-2-12 FIGURE 3-2-2: Life Cycle of a Hookworm page 3-2-13 FIGURE 3-2-3: Life Cycle of a Tapeworm page 3-2-15 FIGURE 3-4-1: Placement of Hand Over the Dog’s Muzzle page 3-4-23 FIGURE 3-4-2: How to Administer Capsules or Tablets page 3-4-24 FIGURE 3-4-3: Stroking the Dog’s Throat to Facilitate Swallowing Medicine page 3-4-24 FIGURE 3-4-4: Positioning of a Medicine Dropper or Syringe to Administer Liquids page 3-4-25 FIGURE 3-4-5: How to Hold Dog’s Head While Administering Eye Ointment page 3-4-26 FIGURE 3-4-6: How to Apply Eye Ointment page 3-4-26 FIGURE 3-4-7: Applying Medicine to Ears page 3-4-27 FIGURE 3-4-8: Massaging Ears page 3-4-27 07/2003-02 National Detector Dog Manual vii PPQ I:\MANUALS\Bruce\Detector Dog\zip_disk\Detector_DogLOF.fm Figures FIGURE 3-5-1: Blood Supply of a Dog’s Nail page 3-5-4 FIGURE 3-5-2: Blood Supply Recedes as the Nail is Trimmed page 3-5-4 FIGURE 3-5-3: Properly Trimmed Nail page 3-5-4 FIGURE 3-5-4: Cleaning Ear page 3-5-5 FIGURE 3-5-5: Massaging Ear page 3-5-5 FIGURE 3-5-6: Allowing the Dog to Shake its Head page 3-5-5 FIGURE 3-5-7: Wiping the Ear page 3-5-6 FIGURE D-1-1: Collars Worn by Detector Dogs page D-1-2 FIGURE D-1-2: Emergency Elizabethan Collar Made from a Plastic Planting Pot page D-1-3 FIGURE D-1-3: Martingale Collar page D-1-3 FIGURE D-1-4: Regular Nylon Collar page D-1-4 FIGURE D-1-5: Slip Collar page D-1-5 FIGURE D-1-6: Correct Way to Place a Slip Collar page D-1-5 FIGURE D-1-7: Incorrect Way to Place a Slip Collar page D-1-6 FIGURE D-1-8: Harness page D-1-6 FIGURE D-1-9: Harness Placement page D-1-6 FIGURE D-1-10: Wire Crates Used for Detector Dogs page D-1-7 FIGURE