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Globalization Ethical and Institutional Concerns THE PONTIFICAL THE PONTIFICAL ACADEMY OF SOCIAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES SOCIAL SCIENCES Acta Acta Globalization 7 7 Ethical and Ethical and Institutional Concerns Globalization Institutional Concerns A SCIE I NT M I E A D R A V M C A S O A I C C I I A F I L I T V N M O P PROCEEDINGS VATICAN CITY SEVENTH PLENARY SESSION 2001 25-28 APRIL 2001 MMI GLOBALIZATION ETHICAL AND INSTITUTIONAL CONCERNS Address THE PONTIFICAL ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES CASINA PIO IV, 00120 VATICAN CITY THE PONTIFICAL ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Acta 7 GLOBALIZATION ETHICAL AND INSTITUTIONAL CONCERNS the PROCEEDINGS of the Seventh Plenary Session of the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences 25-28 April 2001 C IA S IEN M TI E A D R V A M C A S O A I C C I I A F L I I T V N M O P VATICAN CITY 2001 The opinions expressed with absolute freedom during the presentation of the papers of this meeting, although published by the Academy, represent only the points of view of the participants and not those of the Academy. Editors of the Proceedings: Prof. EDMOND MALINVAUD Prof. LOUIS SABOURIN ISBN 88-86726-11-2 © Copyright 2001 THE PONTIFICAL ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES VATICAN CITY CONTENTS Preface (Louis Sabourin) ...................................................................... 12 Programme of the Seventh Plenary Session .......................................... 15 List of Participants ................................................................................ 18 Address of the President to the Holy Father ...................................... 25 Address of the Holy Father to the Participants of the Seventh Plenary Session .............................................................................. 27 Report by the President .......................................................................... 30 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS J. SCHASCHING: The Church’s View on Globalisation ............................. 37 FIRST SESSION – Globalization and Human Development: Ethical Approaches J. ZUBRZYCKI: Introductory Statement by the Committee for Relations with Developing Countries ............................................................... 43 D.A. CROCKER: Globalization and Human Development: Ethical Approaches...................................................................................... 45 Comments: R. RÉMOND: ................................................................................................ 66 W.V. V ILLACORTA: Globalization and Disparities in Southeast Asia ........ 69 S.B. RESTREPO: An Ethical Assessment of Globalization ...................... 73 SECOND SESSION – The Global Economy: Emerging Forms of (Inter) Dependence P.H. DEMBINSKI: The New Global Economy: Emerging Forms of (Inter) Dependence ........................................................................................ 83 10 CONTENTS Comments: P.S. DASGUPTA: Globalisation and Non-Market Relationships ............... 109 T. N OJIRI: ..................................................................................................... 113 S. ZAMAGNI: Globalization and the New Migratory Question ............... 118 THIRD SESSION – The Impact of Globalization on Poverty/Cultural Identities Z. DIABRÉ: Globalisation and Poverty: Potentials and Challenges ....... 137 P. MORANDÉ COURT: The Impact of ‘Globalization’ on Cultural Identities 189 Comments: M.M. RAMIREZ: ........................................................................................... 206 P.L. Z AMPETTI: La famiglia, la cultura delle comunità locali e il processo di globalizzazione ............................................................................... 210 M.S. ARCHER: The Impact of Globalisation on Cultural Identities. A Comment on Pedro Morandé’s Paper .......................................... 216 FOURTH SESSION – Globalization and Institutional Change: A Development Perspective J. BRAGA DE MACEDO: Globalisation and Institutional Change: A Development Perspective .................................................................. 223 Comments: H. SUCHOCKA: ............................................................................................. 268 J.J. LLACH: Globalization and Governance: the Flip Side of the Coin ....... 273 P.M. ZULU: ................................................................................................... 288 FIFTH SESSION – The Impact of Global Financial Flows on Developing Countries S. GRIFFITH-JONES: Developing Countries and the New Financial Architecture ....................................................................................... 293 Comments: K.J. ARROW: ................................................................................................ 306 H. TIETMEYER: Ways to Improve the Functioning of Financial Markets 311 CONTENTS 11 SIXTH SESSION – Globalization and the Church’s New Challenges J. HOMEYER: Europa und die Globalisierung – Der Beitrag der Kirche ..... 317 Comments: M.A. GLENDON: Meeting the Challenges of Globalization....................... 335 G. TOGNON: An Educational Strategy for a Christian Culture of Globalisation ....................................................................................... 341 OTHER PAPERS PRESENTED BY ACADEMICIANS M. SCHOOYANS: L’ONU et la Globalisation .............................................. 357 B. VYMùTALÍK: About the Possibilities of Reducing Poverty in a Global World ....................................................................................................... 369 CONCLUDING SESSION R. MINNERATH: La globalisation et l’éthique ou l’éthique de la globalisation? .................................................................................... 387 M.M. RAMIREZ: Globalization and the Common Humanity: Ethical and Institutional Concerns ............................................................... 399 PREFACE ALLOCUTION DU PRÉSIDENT DU COMITÉ DES RAPPORTS AVEC LES PAYS EN DÉVELOPPEMENT LOUIS SABOURIN Dans le sillon si adroitement tracé par notre Président, il me fait plaisir, en tant que coordonnateur de cette rencontre, de vous souhaiter la plus chaleureuse et cordiale bienvenue, notamment à celles et ceux qui sont avec nous pour la première fois. J’exprime ma gratitude aux conférenciers, com- mentateurs, rapporteurs et président de séance pour avoir accepté de contribuer ainsi à la septième assemblée générale de l’Académie Pontificale des Sciences Sociales portant sur Les incidences éthiques et institutionnelles de la mondialisation. Le programme établi est le résultat d’une étroite consultation entre, d’une part, le Comité des rapports avec les pays en développement et, d’au- tre part, le Conseil de l’Académie. Cette collaboration a mené d’abord, en février 2000, à la tenue d’un séminaire dont les Actes sur Les dimensions sociale de la globalisation ont été publiés, il y a quelques mois déjà, et dont vous avez reçu copie. Je remercie à nouveau ceux qui ont participé au sémi- naire et rédigé un rapport ainsi que les membres de l’Académie qui ont fait parvenir des commentaires et des observations sur cette publication. Pendant les deux dernières années et, d’une façon particulière, depuis un an, j’ai été en contact suivi avec notre chancelier. Je sais que je parle au nom de tous les membres de l’Académie en disant que Mgr. Sánchez mérite non seulement nos félicitations pour sa récente nomination en tant qu’évêque mais aussi notre gratitude pour le travail remarquable qu’il a accompli. Au cours des derniers mois, c’est presque quotidiennement, par le truchement du télépho- ne, du fax, du courrier ordinaire et surtout du courrier électronique que j’ai pu PREFACE 13 apprécier sa diligence, son dévouement, son ardeur au travail, sa ténacité et son sens de l’humour, bref son efficacité. Transmettez Mgr. Sánchez nos remer- ciements à votre équipe que l’on souhaiterait sans doute plus nombreuse. En choisissant, il y a deux ans, d’aborder le thème de la mondialisation, l’Académie faisait un choix logique après celui de la démocratie dont les tra- vaux, sous la conduite judicieuse du Professeur Zacher, avait établi des liens entre ces deux phénomènes. Nous savions que la mondialisation devenait une préoccupation majeure un peu partout sur la planète, préoccupation que le Saint-Père avait analysée dans son discours, lors de la Journée de la Paix en 1997, en soulignant le défi d’en arriver “à une globalisation dans la solidarité, sans exclusion”. En réalité, et c’est mon souhait le plus cher, j’espère que notre assem- blée évitera de tomber dans l’un ou l’autre des pièges suivants: d’abord, celui des visions, des conceptions ou des approches manichéennes qui encouragent à prendre position a priori et sans nuance pour ou contre la globalisation; deuxièmement, celui de l’analyse trop fine ou exclusive ten- tant de réduire la mondialisation à l’une ou l’autre de ses nombreuses dimensions soit scientifique, écologique ou technologique, soit écono- mique, commerciale ou financière, soit juridique, politique ou sociale, soit culturelle ou religieuse. Tout en étant conscient de la diversité des facettes de la globalisation, nous avons toutefois voulu tenir compte du caractère et des objectifs de notre Académie, du contexte de l’Eglise, des recommandations découlant du sémi- naire de l’an dernier. Ainsi, nous avons proposé d’axer principalement, mais non exclusivement, nos délibérations sur deux volets, à savoir la dimension éthique de la mondialisation et sa portée sur les pays en développement. La mondialisation est certes devenue une réalité incontournable mais elle comporte des réalités autant positives
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