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JONATHAN SAFRAN FOER an Analysis of the Novels and Selected Short Stories
JONATHAN SAFRAN FOER An Analysis of the Novels and Selected Short Stories Diplomarbeit zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades einer Magistra der Philosophie an der Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz vorgelegt von Sandra MALLI am Institut für Anglistik Begutachter: Ao. Univ. – Prof. Dr. Martin Löschnigg Graz, im Dezember 2011 CONTENTS 1 Introduction .................................................................................... 1 1.1 List of Abbreviations ................................................................................ 3 2 Everything is Illuminated .............................................................. 4 2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................... 4 2.2 Formal Analysis ........................................................................................ 5 2.2.1 Structure ............................................................................................................... 5 2.2.2 Narrative Situations .............................................................................................. 9 2.2.2.1 Alexander Perchov – Letters ......................................................................... 9 2.2.2.2 Alexander Perchov – Narration .................................................................. 11 2.2.2.3 The History of Trachimbrod ....................................................................... 13 2.3 Character Analysis .................................................................................. 19 2.3.1 -
NCSEJ WEEKLY TOP 10 Washington, DC June 29
NCSEJ WEEKLY TOP 10 Washington, D.C. June 29, 2018 Poland’s Holocaust Law Weakened After ‘Storm and Consternation’ By Marc Santora New York Times, June 27, 2018 https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/27/world/europe/poland-holocaust-law.html WARSAW — Just a few months after making it illegal to accuse the Polish nation of complicity in the Holocaust, Poland backpedaled on Wednesday, moving to defang the controversial law by eliminating criminal penalties for violators. The United States and other traditional allies had excoriated the Polish government over the law, passed in February, condemning it as largely unenforceable, a threat to free speech, and an act of historical revisionism. Although both ethnic Poles and Jews living in Poland suffered unfathomable loss during World War II, the law drove a wedge between Israel and Poland, setting back years of hard work to repair bitter feelings. Both houses of Parliament voted on Wednesday to remove the criminal penalties, after an emotional session that saw one nationalist lawmaker try to block access to the podium. President Andrzej Duda later signed the measure into law, his office said. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of Israel welcomed the move, saying in a statement that he was pleased Poland rescinded provisions that “caused a storm and consternation in Israel and among the international community.” By amending the statute, Poland’s governing Law and Justice party hoped to repair some of the diplomatic damage it had caused, even as it pressed ahead with sweeping judicial overhauls that have been condemned by European Union leaders as a threat to the rule of law. -
0714685003.Pdf
CONTENTS Foreword xi Acknowledgements xiv Acronyms xviii Introduction 1 1 A terrorist attack in Italy 3 2 A scandal shocks Western Europe 15 3 The silence of NATO, CIA and MI6 25 4 The secret war in Great Britain 38 5 The secret war in the United States 51 6 The secret war in Italy 63 7 The secret war in France 84 8 The secret war in Spain 103 9 The secret war in Portugal 114 10 The secret war in Belgium 125 11 The secret war in the Netherlands 148 12 The secret war in Luxemburg 165 ix 13 The secret war in Denmark 168 14 The secret war in Norway 176 15 The secret war in Germany 189 16 The secret war in Greece 212 17 The secret war in Turkey 224 Conclusion 245 Chronology 250 Notes 259 Select bibliography 301 Index 303 x FOREWORD At the height of the Cold War there was effectively a front line in Europe. Winston Churchill once called it the Iron Curtain and said it ran from Szczecin on the Baltic Sea to Trieste on the Adriatic Sea. Both sides deployed military power along this line in the expectation of a major combat. The Western European powers created the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) precisely to fight that expected war but the strength they could marshal remained limited. The Soviet Union, and after the mid-1950s the Soviet Bloc, consistently had greater numbers of troops, tanks, planes, guns, and other equipment. This is not the place to pull apart analyses of the military balance, to dissect issues of quantitative versus qualitative, or rigid versus flexible tactics. -
Winona Daily News Winona City Newspapers
Winona State University OpenRiver Winona Daily News Winona City Newspapers 2-24-1969 Winona Daily News Winona Daily News Follow this and additional works at: https://openriver.winona.edu/winonadailynews Recommended Citation Winona Daily News, "Winona Daily News" (1969). Winona Daily News. 843. https://openriver.winona.edu/winonadailynews/843 This Newspaper is brought to you for free and open access by the Winona City Newspapers at OpenRiver. It has been accepted for inclusion in Winona Daily News by an authorized administrator of OpenRiver. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Continued Cloudy Read By More WifrY Occasional Than 90,000 Snow, Drizzle People Every Day Surgery on Ike Said Successful' PROMISES 70 CONSULT EUROPEAN ALLIES Reported 'Resting Nixon: Will Talk With Soviets Comfortably as BRUSSELS (AP) - President;.concern to the Atlantic allies: because we recognize that the mined to listen with a new at- Nixon had discussed with Bel- Can Be Expected' Nixon told America's European the new dispute , between the chances for successful negotia- tentiveness to its NATO part- gian officials the latest chill in WASHINGTON (AP) - For- Earlier thus morning a team allies today that he later will British and French govern- tions depend on our unity." ners," he declared, "not only British-French relations, he re- mer President Dwight D. Eisen- of Army doctors had pro- "enter into negotiations with the ments, and the possibility of an He went on- because they have a right to be plied: "I don't have any infor- nounced the 2 hour, 20 minute Soviet Union on a wide range ef East-West confrontation in Ber- ea ut b se we want nation on that." ' hower is "resting as comfortably "I realize that this course has * fd j ffBdl as can be expected," Walter operation fo>r removal of an in- issues," and he promised to con- lin. -
An Unfinished Debate on NATO's Cold War Stay-Behind Armies
The British Secret Service in Neutral Switzerland: An Unfinished Debate on NATO’s Cold War Stay-behind Armies DANIELE GANSER In 1990, the existence of a secret anti-Communist stay-behind army in Italy, codenamed ‘Gladio’ and linked to NATO, was revealed. Subsequently, similar stay-behind armies were discovered in all NATO countries in Western Europe. Based on parliamentary and governmental reports, oral history, and investigative journalism, the essay argues that neutral Switzerland also operated a stay-behind army. It explores the role of the British secret service and the reactions of the British and the Swiss governments to the discovery of the network and investigates whether the Swiss stay-behind army, despite Swiss neutrality, was integrated into the International NATO stay-behind network. INTRODUCTION During the Cold War, secret anti-Communist stay-behind armies existed in all countries in Western Europe. Set up after World War II by the US foreign intelligence service CIA and the British foreign intelligence service MI6, the stay-behind network was coordinated by two unorthodox warfare centres of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), the ‘Clandestine Planning Committee’ (CPC) and the ‘Allied Clandestine Committee’ (ACC). Hidden within the national military secret services, the stay-behind armies operated under numerous codenames such as ‘Gladio’ in Italy, ‘SDRA8’ in Belgium, ‘Counter-Guerrilla’ in Turkey, ‘Absalon’ in Denmark, and ‘P-26’ in Switzerland. These secret soldiers had orders to operate behind enemy lines in -
Cultural Diplomacy and Conflict Resolution
Cultural Diplomacy and Conflict Resolution Introduction In his poem, The Second Coming (1919), William Butler Yeats captured the moment we are now experiencing: Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world, The blood-dimmed tide is loosed, and everywhere The ceremony of innocence is drowned; The best lack all conviction, while the worst Are full of passionate intensity. As we see the deterioration of the institutions created and fostered after the Second World War to create a climate in which peace and prosperity could flourish in Europe and beyond, it is important to understand the role played by diplomacy in securing the stability and strengthening the shared values of freedom and democracy that have marked this era for the nations of the world. It is most instructive to read the Inaugural Address of President John F. Kennedy, in which he encouraged Americans not only to do good things for their own country, but to do good things in the world. The creation of the Peace Corps is an example of the kind of spirit that put young American volunteers into some of the poorest nations in an effort to improve the standard of living for people around the globe. We knew we were leaders; we knew that we had many political and economic and social advantages. There was an impetus to share this wealth. Generosity, not greed, was the motivation of that generation. Of course, this did not begin with Kennedy. It was preceded by the Marshall Plan, one of the only times in history that the conqueror decided to rebuild the country of the vanquished foe. -
Activities of the World Jewish Congress 1975 -1980
ACTIVITIES OF THE WORLD JEWISH CONGRESS 1975 -1980 REPORT TO THE SEVENTH PLENARY ASSEMBLY OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL GENEVA 5&0. 3 \N (i) Page I. INTRODUCTION . 1 II. INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS Israel and the Middle East 5 Action against Anti-Semitism. 15 Soviet Jewry. 21 Eastern Europe 28 International Tension and Peace..... 32 The Third World 35 Christian-Jewish Relations 37 Jewish Communities in Distress Iran 44 Syria 45 Ethiopia 46 WJC Action on the Arab Boycott 47 Terrorism 49 Prosecution of Nazi Criminals 52 Indemnification for Victims of Nazi Persecution 54 The WJC and the International Community United Nations 55 Human Rights 58 Racial Discrimination 62 International Humanitarian Law 64 Unesco 65 Other international activities of the WJC 68 Council of Europe.... 69 European Economic Community 72 Organization of American States 73 III. CULTURAL ACTIVITIES 75 IV. RESEARCH 83 (ii) Page V. ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS Central Organs and Global Developments Presidency 87 Executive 87 Governing Board 89 General Council.... 89 New Membership 90 Special Relationships 90 Relations with Other Organizations 91 Central Administration 92. Regional Developments North America 94 Caribbean 97 Latin America 98 Europe 100 Israel 103 South East Asia and the Far East 106 Youth 108 WJC OFFICEHOLDERS 111 WORLD JEWISH CONGRESS CONSTITUENTS 113 WORLD JEWISH CONGRESS OFFICES 117 I. INTRODUCTION The Seventh Plenary Assembly of the World Jewish Congress in Jerusalem, to which this Report of Activities is submitted, will take place in a climate of doubt, uncertainty, and change. At the beginning of the 80s our world is rife with deep conflicts. We are perhaps entering a most dangerous decade. -
The Dispersion of Egyptian Jewry Page 1 of 182
The Dispersion of Egyptian Jewry Page 1 of 182 Preferred Citation: Beinin, Joel. The Dispersion of Egyptian Jewry: Culture, Politics, and the Formation of a Modern Diaspora. Berkeley: University of California Press, c1998 1998. http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/ft2290045n/ The Dispersion of Egyptian Jewry Culture, Politics. and the Formation of Modern Diaspora Joel Beinin UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS Berkeley · Los Angeles · London © 1998 The Regents of the University of California To Miriam, my life partner Preferred Citation: Beinin, Joel. The Dispersion of Egyptian Jewry: Culture, Politics, and the Formation of a Modern Diaspora. Berkeley: University of California Press, c1998 1998. http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/ft2290045n/ To Miriam, my life partner Acknowledgments I am deeply indebted to the many Egyptian Jews in Egypt, Israel, Paris, and San Francisco who shared their memories, papers, and hearts with me in the course of my research for this book. Without their assistance, this book would have been an entirely different and inferior product. Their names are listed in the Bibliography. Many Egyptian Jews as well as other friends and colleagues saved clippings from the Israeli and Egyptian press for me, allowed me to copy personal papers, or gave me books, magazines, and other materials that were invaluable sources for this book. Among them were Raymond Aghion, Ada Aharoni, Shlomo Barad, Esther and Gilbert Bar-On, Henriette Busnach, Yusuf Darwish, Marcelle Fisher, Karim al-Gawhary, Yitzhaq Gormezano-Goren, David Harel, Anda Harel-Dagan, Jacques Hassoun, Reuven Kaminer, Mourad El-Kodsi, Yoram Meital, Doris and Henry Mourad, Remy and Joe Pessah, Sami Shemtov, Ted Swedenburg, and Robert Vitalis. -
European Cross-Border & Collaborative Journalism Programme
EUROPEAN CROSS-BORDER & COLLABORATIVE JOURNALISM PROGRAMME 27.2.-1.3.2020 GUT SIGGEN THE PROGRAMME PROGRAMME COMPONENTS Baltic Sea, Northern Germany Journalism is under pressure, especially resource- ■ Four-day programme of input, training and debate demanding investigative journalism as well as local on collaborative and cross-border journalism with 14.-17.5.2020 EIJC & DATAHARVEST journalism. Issues of cross-border relevance are, how- experts from Arena, Hostwriter, Mechelen, Belgium ever, on the rise such as organised crime, migration or Journalismfund, Investigate Europe and others tax avoidance. Collaborative journalism – across as well as within countries – has gained increasing importance ■ Feedback on your story from trainers and peers over the last years. Toepfer Foundation, therefore, joins forces with Arena for ■ Travel fees to and from the programme venue Journalism to offer a new programme on collaborative journalism across Europe with a special focus on local ■ Three nights of accommodation including all meals and regional journalists. Up to twenty participants will be invited to the foundations’ conference centre at the ■ Fellowship to attend EIJC & Dataharvest from Baltic Sea to attend a four-day programme aiming at: 14.–17.5.2020, in Mechelen/Belgium, organised by Arena for Journalism in Europe ■ establishing a network among journalists from different European countries ■ providing methods and know-how on cross-border and collaborative journalism ■ discussing trends, skills and innovations in the field of (local) journalism ■ facilitating the exploration of a collaborative story, discussing it with fellow participants and receiving expert feedback TARGET GROUP APPLICATION TOEPFER FOUNDATION The programme is directed towards freelancers as well Please submit the following documents in a single file to Toepfer Foundation is a Hamburg-based non-profit as employed journalists from all over Europe, working [email protected] foundation actively involved in the areas of culture, for local and regional media. -
Central Europe
Central Europe West Germany FOREIGN POLICY AND STATUS OF BERLIN OUBJECTS discussed during British Premier Harold Wilson's offi- cial visit to Bonn from March 7 to 9 included the maintenance of the British Rhine Army in Germany, the continuation of German currency aid for the United Kingdom, and a new approach to German reunification. When East German authorities tried to interfere with the meeting of the Bundestag in Berlin on April 7 by disrupting traffic to and from the former capital, the Western Allies protested sharply. In his opening speech Eugen Gerstenmaier, president of the Bundestag, emphasized the right of the Fed- eral parliament to meet in West Berlin and denied that the session was an act of provocation. During the Easter holidays 300,000 West Berliners were permitted to visit relatives in the Eastern zone of the divided city. About a million Berliners crossed the Berlin Wall and spent Christmas with their relatives, after the renewal of an agreement in November. Queen Elizabeth II of England and her consort the Duke of Edinburgh made an official visit to West Germany and West Berlin in May, and were cheered by the population. Attempts by Foreign Minister Gerhard Schroder to bring about an improvement in relations with the United Kingdom during this visit were viewed skeptically by Franz-Josef Strauss, chairman of the Christian Social Union (CSU), representing the pro-French wing of the coalition. French President Charles de Gaulle's talks with Chancellor Ludwig Erhard in Bonn in June were described as "positive," but did not lead to an agree- ment on a conference to discuss the reorganization of the Common Market and other matters pertaining to the European community. -
Jewish Cemetries, Synagogues, and Mass Grave Sites in Ukraine
Syracuse University SURFACE Religion College of Arts and Sciences 2005 Jewish Cemetries, Synagogues, and Mass Grave Sites in Ukraine Samuel D. Gruber United States Commission for the Preservation of America’s Heritage Abroad Follow this and additional works at: https://surface.syr.edu/rel Part of the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Gruber, Samuel D., "Jewish Cemeteries, Synagogues, and Mass Grave Sites in Ukraine" (2005). Full list of publications from School of Architecture. Paper 94. http://surface.syr.edu/arc/94 This Report is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Arts and Sciences at SURFACE. It has been accepted for inclusion in Religion by an authorized administrator of SURFACE. For more information, please contact [email protected]. JEWISH CEMETERIES, SYNAGOGUES, AND MASS GRAVE SITES IN UKRAINE United States Commission for the Preservation of America’s Heritage Abroad 2005 UNITED STATES COMMISSION FOR THE PRESERVATION OF AMERICA’S HERITAGE ABROAD Warren L. Miller, Chairman McLean, VA Members: Ned Bandler August B. Pust Bridgewater, CT Euclid, OH Chaskel Besser Menno Ratzker New York, NY Monsey, NY Amy S. Epstein Harriet Rotter Pinellas Park, FL Bingham Farms, MI Edgar Gluck Lee Seeman Brooklyn, NY Great Neck, NY Phyllis Kaminsky Steven E. Some Potomac, MD Princeton, NJ Zvi Kestenbaum Irving Stolberg Brooklyn, NY New Haven, CT Daniel Lapin Ari Storch Mercer Island, WA Potomac, MD Gary J. Lavine Staff: Fayetteville, NY Jeffrey L. Farrow Michael B. Levy Executive Director Washington, DC Samuel Gruber Rachmiel -
Bohemside | S. 30 Innterview | Anna Rosmus Über Die
"VAN GOGH – THE IMMERSIVE EXPERIENCE" AB DEZEMBER 2020 BIS 14. FEBRUAR 2021 TABAKFABRIK LINZ INNTERVIEW | VILSHOFENS BÜRGERMEISTER FLORIAN GAMS | S. 4 INNTERVIEW | ANNA ROSMUS ÜBER DIE DERZEITIGE STIMMUNG IN DEN USA | S. 6 WOIDSIDE | S. 22 BOHEMSIDE | S. 30 S. 34 29. Jahrgang | Ausgabe 10 | Dezember 2020 ANZEIGE 04 17 19 INHALT TITELTHEMEN WEITERE THEMEN 04 INNTERVIEW 09 GESUNDHEIT 34 11 UNI PASSAU Vilshofens Bürgermeister 12 BILDUNG Florian Gams 13 TH DEGGENDORF 40 14 PASSAU INNEN 06 INNTERVIEW 16 ORTENBURG Anna Rosmus über die 17 LINZ KÜNSTLERPORTRAIT 18 POCKING derzeitige Stimmung in den USA GABRIELE HENRICH 19 BAD FÜSSING 20 VERLOSUNG 22 WOIDSIDE 21 ARBERLAND 31 NIEDERBAYERN 30 BOHEMSIDE 33 EHRENAMT IN DER KRISE 46 RETRO INTRO WIR WÜNSCHEN ALLEN SPENDET FÜR DIE LEIDENDEN KINDER! „Die Waffenverkäufe der G20 und hier vor allem den Kindern, gerade jetzt in dieser schwierigen FROHE WEIHNACHTEN an Saudi-Arabien sind dreimal so hoch wie Zeit zu helfen. Deshalb bitten wir darum, neben den lokalen Hilfs- die Hilfe für den Jemen.“ (Oxfam) organisationen auch an Unicef zu spenden, die den Kindern im Jemen und überall in der Welt zur Seite stehen. Damit drücken wir „Laut „Charity“ haben die G20-Staaten seit dem Beitritt zum auch unseren Respekt für diese Arbeit aus. UND EIN BESONDERS Jemen-Krieg im Jahr 2015 Waffen im Wert von 17 Mrd. USD an Saudi-Arabien verkauft, aber nur ein Drittel dieses Betrags als Bank für Sozialwirtschaft Köln Hilfe bereitgestellt.“ (Al Jasira 17. November 2020) IBAN DE57 3702 0500 0000 3000 00 NEUES JAHR! Wenn man diese Nachricht zu Ende denkt, dann muss man BIC BFSWDE33XXX GESUNDES zum Schluss kommen, dass die Industriestaaten an diesem Oder unter unicef.de fürchterlichen Krieg verdienen.