Rutaceae – Rue (Citrus) Family

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RUTACEAE – RUE (CITRUS) FAMILY Plant: shrubs, trees and rarely herbs Stem: bark aromatic Root: Leaves: simple, alternate or opposite, compound (pinnate to palmate) or 3’s; somewhat transparent; aromatic; glandular; no stipules Flowers: mostly perfect to unisexual on different plants; (3)4-5 sepals; (3)4-5 petals; stamens mostly (3-) 8-10 (+), often 2X of petals; ovary superior to inferior, 4-5+ carpels, mostly 1 pistil Fruit: capsule, berry, drupe or winged seed – strong citrus aroma Other: mostly tropical; citrus fruits; Dicotyledons Group Genera: 150+ genera; locally Ptelea (hop-tree), Ruta (rue), Zanthoxylum (prickly ash) WARNING – family descriptions are only a layman’s guide and should not be used as definitive RUTACEAE – RUE (CITRUS) FAMILY Common Hoptree [Wafer Ash]; Ptelea trifoliata L. ssp. Trifoliata Common Prickly Ash [Toothache Tree]; Zanthoxylum americanum Mill. Common Hoptree [Wafer Ash] USDA Ptelea trifoliata L. ssp. trifoliata Rutaceae (Rue or Citrus Family) Maumee River Metroparks, Lucas County, Ohio Notes: shrub to small tree; flowers green, small; leaves 3- foliate, sessile or nearly so, mostly entire or with small teeth, somewhat hairy beneath, aromatic when crushed; bark smooth, prominent pores; branchlets mostly glabrous; winter buds hairy; fruit of dangling clusters (cymes) of round samaras; spring to early summer [V Max Brown, 2007] Common Prickly Ash [Toothache Tree] USDA Zanthoxylum americanum Mill. Rutaceae (Rue or Citrus Family) Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield, Greene County, Missouri Notes: shrub (often in thickets); monoecious, flowers yellowish- green, minute, in clusters at nodes; leaves pinnately compound, 5-11 leaflets, side leaflets sessile, end leaflet stalked, entire or finely toothed, upper surface with glands; bark smooth and blotched, twigs with spines; fruit red-green-brown and fleshy with a glossy black seed; summer [V Max Brown, 2010].

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