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Newcomers, Minorities and Political Participation in Canada La Hussein A. Hamdani Ian Andrew Matheson Kamran Bhatti John Biles Karen Bird Fariborz Birjandian Summer / Été 2005 Gina Bishop Steven Bittle Newcomers, Minorities and Political Bruce Clemenger Participation in Canada Tanis Crosby Getting a Seat at the Table Sheila Dhillon Debbie Douglas Avvy Go La participation civique des nouveaux Nabila F. Munawar arrivants et des minorités au Canada Jim Gurnett Se tailler une place à la table Ailsa Henderson Goldy Hyder Jack Jedwab Inayat Jetha Clarence Lochhead Annamie Paul Patricia Rimok Pierre Robert Cyr Anthony Sayers Myer Siemiatycki Brian Tanguay Erin Tolley Livianna Tossutti Lara Winnemore $5.95 Guest Editors / Directeurs invités John Biles and /et Erin Tolley 02 Metropolis Project Team / Équipe du projet Metropolis Supported by Integration Branch, Citizenship and Immigration Canada 0261399 70412 and the Political Participation Research Network (PPRN) Avec l’appui de la Direction générale de l’intégration de Citoyenneté et Immigration on display until September 2nd, 2005 disponible jusqu’au 2 septembre 2005 Canada et du Réseau de recherche en participation politique Our diverse cities: migration, diversity and change 17-21 October 2005 Toronto, Canada For more information: www.international.metropolis.net Summer 2005 Été 3 Introduction: Getting Seats at the Table(s)/ 49 Federal Settlement and Integration Programs Obtenir un siège à la table and Civic Participation in Canada By Erin Tolley and John Biles By Lara Winnemore 5 An Interview with Paul Martin 53 Electoral Turnout and Canada’s Changing Leader of the Liberal Party of Canada Cultural Makeup: Interviews with Three Municipal Leaders 8 An Interview with Stephen Harper By Livianna Tossutti Leader of the Conservative Party of Canada 57 Ideal Citizens? Immigrant Voting Patterns 10 An Interview with Jack Layton in Canadian Elections Leader of the New Democratic Party of Canada By Ailsa Henderson 13 An Interview with Jim Harris 61 Parliament as a Mirror to the Nation: Leader of the Green Party of Canada Promoting Diversity in Representation through Electoral Reform 15 Civic Engagement of Youth By Brian Tanguay and Steven Bittle and of New and Aboriginal Canadians: Preliminary Findings From CRIC Research 64 Others’ Languages and Voting in Canada: By Gina Bishop Recent Findings on Political Participation and Perception of Non-Official Language Groups 18 Under-representation in Canadian Public By Jack Jedwab Institutions: Canada’s Challenge By Annamie Paul 69 Suburban Success: Immigrant and Minority Electoral Gains in Suburban Toronto 22 A Practitioner’s View Integration By Myer Siemiatycki and Ian Andrew Matheson and Civic Participation By Fariborz Birjandian 73 Les enjeux, les questions et les obstacles De la représentation politique de la diversité 25 I Have a Voice, But Nobody Listens ethnoculturelle Will They Hear My Cries? Par Patricia Rimok By Pierre Robert Cyr 77 Encouraging Democracy 27 Muslim Political Participation in Canada: By Jim Gurnett From Marginalization to Empowerment? By Hussein A. Hamdani, Kamran Bhatti and Nabila F. Munawar 80 Guess Who’s Running for Office? Visible Minority Representation in the 2004 31 The Participation of Women in Municipal Politics Canadian Election By Tanis Crosby By Karen Bird 35 Civic Participation, Social Capital and 85 Political Parties and Ethnic Participation: the Labour Market Integration of Newcomers A Question of Access By Clarence Lochhead By Sheila Dhillon 40 Moving Beyond Tokenism 89 How Minority Politicians Build By Avvy Go Electoral Support By Anthony Sayers and Inayat Jetha 43 Interviews with Three Municipal Leaders The Role of NGOs 92 Evangelicals and Political Engagement By Debbie Douglas By Bruce Clemenger 46 Gaining the Political Support of Minorities in Canada By Goldy Hyder Canadian Issues is published by Financial support provided by Integration Branch, Thèmes canadiens est publié par Citizenship and Immigration Canada Un appui financier a été fourni par Citoyenneté et Immigration Canada, département d’intégration INTERIM PRESIDENT / PRÉSIDENT INTÉRIMAIRE Hector Mackenzie, Foreign Affairs Canada FRENCH LANGUAGE SECRETARY / SECRÉTAIRE DE LANGUE FRANÇAISE Nicole Neatby, St-Mary’s University ENGLISH LANGUAGE SECRETARY / SECRÉTAIRE DE LANGUE ANGLAISE Minelle Mahtani, University of Toronto ATLANTIC PROVINCE REPRESENTATIVE / REPRÉSENTANTE DE L’ATLANTIQUE Penny Bryden, Mount Allison University QUEBEC REPRESENTATIVE AND TREASURER / CITC is a quarterly publication of the Association for Canadian Studies (ACS). It is REPRÉSENTANT DU QUÉBEC ET TRÉSORIER Christopher Manfredi, McGill University distributed free of charge to individual and institutional members of the Association. ONTARIO REPRESENTATIVE / REPRÉSENTANT DE L’ONTARIO CITC is a bilingual publication. All material prepared by the ACS is published in both Chad Gaffield, University of Ottawa French and English. All other articles are published in the language in which they are PRAIRIE PROVINCES AND NORTHWEST TERRITORIES REPRESENTATIVE / REPRÉSENTANT DES PRAIRIES ET DES TERRITOIRES DU NORD-OUEST written. Opinions expressed in articles are those of the authors and do not necessar- Gerald Gall, University of Alberta ily reflect the opinion of the ACS. The Association for Canadian Studies is a volun- BRITISH COLUMBIA AND THE YUKON REPRESENTATIVE / REPRÉSENTANT DE LA COLOMBIE-BRITANIQUE ET DU YUKON tary non-profit organization. It seeks to expand and disseminate knowledge about Peter Seixas, University of British Columbia Canada through teaching, research and publications. The ACS is a scholarly society STUDENTS REPRESENTATIVE / REPRÉSENTANTE DES ÉTUDIANTS and a member of the Humanities and Social Science Federation of Canada. The ACS Carla Peck is also a founding member of the International Council for Canadian Studies. EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF THE ACS / DIRECTEUR GÉNÉRAL DE L’AEC Jack Jedwab CITC est une publication trimestrielle de l’Association d’études canadiennes (AEC). DIRECTOR OF SPECIAL EVENTS / DIRECTEUR D’ÉVÉNEMENTS SPÉCIAUX James Ondrick It est distribué gratuitement aux membres de l’Association. CITC est une publication bilingue. Tous les textes émanant de l’Association sont publiés en français et en anglais. Tous les autres textes sont publiés dans la langue d’origine. Les collaborateurs et collaboratrices de CITC sont entièrement responsables des idées et opinions exprimées dans leurs articles. L’Association d’études canadiennes est un organisme pan-canadien à but non lucratif dont l’objectif est de promouvoir l’enseignement, la recherche et les publications sur le Canada. L’AEC est une société savante, membre de la Fédération canadienne des sciences humaines et sociales. Elle est également mem- bre fondateur du Conseil international d’études canadiennes. CITC acknowledges the financial support of the Government of Canada through the Canadian Studies Programme of the Department of Canadian Heritage and the Canada Magazine Fund for this project. CITC bénéficie de l’appui financier du Gouvernement du Canada par le biais du EDITOR / RÉDACTRICE EN CHEF Allison Anderson Programme d’études canadiennes du ministère du Patrimoine canadien et Le Fonds EDITORIAL ASSISTANT / ASSISTANTE À LA RÉDACTION du Canada pour les magazines pour ce projet. Catherine Lachance DESIGN / GRAPHISME Bang Marketing (514) 849-2264 – 1-888-942-BANG [email protected] ADVERTISING / PUBLICITÉ [email protected] LETTERS/LETTRES (514) 925-3094 Comments on this edition of Canadian Issues? DISTRIBUTION We want to hear from you. Disticor Direct 695 Westney Road South, Unit 14 Write to Canadian Issues – Letters, ACS, 1822A, rue Sherbrooke Ouest, Ajax Ontario L1S 6M9 Montréal (Québec) H3H 1E4. Or e-mail us at <[email protected]> CITC/ACS STREET ADDRESS / ADRESSE CIVIQUE CITC/AEC Your letters may be edited for length and clarity. 1822A, rue Sherbrooke Ouest, Montréal (Québec) H3H 1E4 Tel / Tél. : (514) 925-3094 – Fax / Téléc. : (514) 925-3095 Des commentaires sur ce numéro ? E-mail / Courriel : [email protected] Écrivez-nous à Thèmes canadiens RUN OF 6,000 COPIES / TIRAGE DE 6 000 EXEMPLAIRES Lettres, AEC, 1822A, rue Sherbrooke Ouest, Montréal (Québec) H3H 1E4. CANADIAN ISSUES / THÈMES CANADIENS (CITC) – ISSN 0318-8442 Ou par courriel au <[email protected]> Vos lettres peuvent être CONVENTION POSTE PUBLICATION, 41006541 modifiées pour des raisons éditoriales. Summer 2005 Été INTRODUCTION Getting Seats at the Table(s) / Obtenir un siège à la table or centuries, questions related to participation and The perception of immigrant and minority communities inclusion have framed discussions related to democ- as a homogenous bloc has been echoed in stories about recent Fracy and its functioning. Who should participate? announcements by the federal government, which many have How? To what extent? And to what end? Today, those ques- suggested is early electioneering. Some of these announce- tions remain. Indeed, Canada’s legislative framework, includ- ments, such as reducing the wait-time for citizenship applica- ing the Charter of Rights and Freedoms and the Canadian tions or improving the recognition of foreign credentials, are Multiculturalism Act, requires that we work toward inclu- seen as appeals to immigrant communities and have been sive institutions and full and equitable participation. Our criticized as “vote-buying” or an attempt to “lure the ethnic increasing diversity has, in some ways, cast a spotlight on vote.”These storylines cast immigrant and minority commu- all of this, as people question our institutions, the
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