DOCSLIB.ORG

Male Homosexuality 1945-70: Transnational Scientific and Social Knowledge in British and West European Contexts

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Male Homosexuality 1945-70: Transnational Scientific and Social Knowledge in British and West European Contexts Male Homosexuality 1945-70: Transnational Scientific and Social Knowledge in British and west European contexts A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities 2020 Julia A. E. Maclachlan School of Arts, Languages and Cultures Table of Contents List of Figures ......................................................................................................... 3 Abbreviations .......................................................................................................... 4 Abstract ................................................................................................................... 5 Declaration .............................................................................................................. 6 Copyright Statement ................................................................................................ 7 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................. 8 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 9 Chapter 1: The Transnational Origins of the Wolfenden Report ......................... 38 Chapter 2: ‘Why Not?’ Transnational Influences in British Sexual Rights Activism, 1950-1970 ............................................................................................. 97 Chapter 3: The Languages of Sexual Equality in Western Europe, 1950-1970 . 160 Chapter 4: ‘To get freedom, one went abroad a lot’: Homosexual Tourism in the Post-War Decades ............................................................................................... 206 Conclusion ........................................................................................................... 254 Bibliography ........................................................................................................ 262 Word Count: 76,271 2 List of Figures Figure 1 Antony Grey in Amsterdam (1963): Antony Grey, Quest for Justice. Towards Homosexual Emancipation (London, 1992), (pg. 125). Figure 2 Bob Angelo and English friend in Amsterdam (1963): Antony Grey, Quest for Justice. Towards Homosexual Emancipation (London, 1992), (pg. 125). Figure 3 Still image. Scenes of intimacy and men dancing together at the COC clubhouse: James Butler (dir.), This Week 458: Homosexuals, ITV, 22nd October 1964, (pg. 140). Figure 4 Still image. Interview with a Dutch man at the COC clubhouse and British men: James Butler (dir.), This Week 458: Homosexuals, ITV, 22nd October 1964, (pg. 140). Figure 5 Erotic photographs in homophile publications, (pg. 171). 1.) Photograph by Tan Hin Kong, published in Der Kreis 2 (1953). p. 17. 2.) Arcadie 1 (1954), p.1. 3.) Der Weg 10:1 (1960), p.1. 4) Die Gefährten 1 (1952), pp. 15-16. 5.) Die Gefährten 1 (1952), pp. 15-16. 6.) Photograph by Athletic Model Guild, California, published in Der Ring 1:4 (1955), p. 123. Figure 6 Man Around Ltd advertisements in Gay News: n.a. ‘Man Around Ltd’, in Gay News (26 January-8 February 1978), p. 9, (pg. 251). 3 Abbreviations AHR American Historical Review CDU Christlich Demokratische Union, Germany CCL Centre Culturel Belge CND Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament COC Cultuur- en Ontspanningscentrum CVP Christelijke Volkspartij, Belgium DNF’48 Det Norske Forbundet av 1948 DOK De Oden Kring (The Odeon Club) GLF Gay Liberation Front HCA Hall-Carpenter Archives HLRS Homosexual Law Reform Society ICSE International Committee For Sexual Equality INGO International Nongovernmental Organisation ISTD Institute for the Study and Treatment of Delinquency IYHA International Youth Hostels Association KVP Katholieke Volkspartij, Netherlands LGBT Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender LGBTIQ Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer and Intersex LSE London School of Economics and Political Science MCL Manchester Central Library MRP Mouvement Républicain Populaire, France NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organisation NWHLRC North West Homosexual Law Reform Committee SPD Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands, Germany TNA The National Archives UN United Nations UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation 4 Abstract This doctoral thesis examines transnational flows of scientific and social knowledge which shaped the understanding and experience of sexually dissident masculinities in Britain in a period of west European reconstruction and Cold War politics. Focussing on male homosexuality, the research traces how European sexual knowledge was translated into a British context, with its distinct national legislative and discursive framework between the end of the Second World and the emergence of a more radical gay rights movement in the 1970s. Placing homosexuality within networks of European sexological research, international political activism and subcultural activity, the thesis establishes how these influences reshaped official approaches and the self-conception of homosexual men in Britain. My thesis expands scholarship which has addressed male homosexuality and the regulation of dissident masculinities within distinct national frameworks. This is achieved with a transnational methodology which foregrounds the significance of cross-border exchanges in shaping national and local sexual norms and identities. Over four chapters, the thesis examines interconnections between British and continental European histories of homosexuality, highlighting that processes of knowledge diffusion and cultural adaptation were complex and constrained by distinct cultural and political traditions. Chapter One analyses the transnational origins of the Wolfenden Report, a key document which shaped 1967 law reform. Chapter Two investigates how the political and social aspirations of British homophile and gay rights groups in the 1950s and 1960s were shaped by wider transnational movements for homosexual equality, while Chapter Three traces how an international political language of sexual equality was translated into the British context. The final chapter charts the more informal encounters and networks of cultural communication forged by homosexual men themselves during the post-war tourist boom. My use of extensive and underutilised archival sources includes the papers of the Wolfenden Committee at the British National Archives, documents relating to international homophile organisations at the National Archives of the Netherlands, a large collection of contemporary domestic and international homosexual journals which were accessed at the LSE Hall-Carpenter Archives and a number of international LGBT archives, as well as Oral Histories at the British Library Sound Archive. These sources are used to map contemporary homosexual experience and to challenge narratives of British post-war sexual rights movements as isolated and separate. 5 Declaration No portion of the work referred to in the thesis has been submitted in support of an application for another degree or qualification at this or any other university or other institute of learning. 6 Copyright Statement i. The author of this thesis (including any appendices and/or schedules to this thesis) owns certain copyright or related rights in it (the “Copyright”) and s/he has given The University of Manchester certain rights to use such Copyright, including for administrative purposes. ii. Copies of this thesis, either in full or in extracts and whether in hard or electronic copy, may be made only in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (as amended) and regulations issued under it or, where appropriate, in accordance with licensing agreements which the University has from time to time. This page must form part of any such copies made. iii. The ownership of certain Copyright, patents, designs, trademarks and other intellectual property (the “Intellectual Property”) and any reproductions of copyright works in the thesis, for example graphs and tables (“Reproductions”), which may be described in this thesis, may not be owned by the author and may be owned by third parties. Such Intellectual Property and Reproductions cannot and must not be made available for use without the prior written permission of the owner(s) of the relevant Intellectual Property and/or Reproductions. iv. Further information on the conditions under which disclosure, publication and commercialisation of this thesis, the Copyright and any Intellectual Property and/or Reproductions described in it may take place is available in the University IP Policy (see http://documents.manchester.ac.uk/DocuInfo.aspx?DocID=24420), in any relevant Thesis restriction declarations deposited in the University Library, The University Library’s regulations (see http://www.library.manchester.ac.uk/about/regulations/) and in The University’s policy on Presentation of Theses. 7 Acknowledgements I would first like to thank my supervisors, Prof Frank Mort and Dr Christian Goeschel. Their expert advice, encouragement and insight have been vital to my project. Over the past four years I have always looked forward to discussing new ideas in our meetings, which continuously inspired me to take my work in new directions. Furthermore, I cannot thank them enough for taking the time to write countless references for research trips and overseas exchanges, but also for providing support when the project, at times, felt overwhelming. I cannot thank them enough and am truly grateful to them. Thanks must also go to Dr Charlotte Wildman, Prof Peter Gatrell and
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Working Group on Human Sexuality
    IssuesTEXTwithoutPreface.qxp:Resourcbishops.qxp 20/11/2013 11:35 Page i The House of Bishops Working Group on human sexuality Published in book & ebook formats by Church House Publishing Available now from www.chpublishing.co.uk IssuesTEXTwithoutPreface.qxp:Resourcbishops.qxp 20/11/2013 11:35 Page ii Published in book & ebook formats by Church House Publishing Available now from www.chpublishing.co.uk IssuesTEXTwithoutPreface.qxp:Resourcbishops.qxp 20/11/2013 11:35 Page iii Report of the House of Bishops Working Group on human sexuality November 2013 Published in book & ebook formats by Church House Publishing Available now from www.chpublishing.co.uk IssuesTEXTwithoutPreface.qxp:Resourcbishops.qxp 20/11/2013 11:35 Page iv Church House Publishing All rights reserved. No part of this Church House publication may be reproduced or Great Smith Street stored or transmitted by any means London or in any form, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, SW1P 3AZ recording, or any information storage and retrieval system without written permission, which should be sought ISBN 978 0 7151 4437 4 (Paperback) from [email protected] 978 0 7151 4438 1 (CoreSource EBook) 978 0 7151 4439 8 (Kindle EBook) Unless otherwise indicated, the Scripture quotations contained GS 1929 herein are from the New Revised Standard Version Bible, copyright Published 2013 for the House © 1989, by the Division of Christian of Bishops of the General Synod Education of the National Council of the Church of England by Church of the Churches of Christ in the
    [Show full text]
  • Human Rights, Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in the Commonwealth
    Human Rights, Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in The Commonwealth Struggles for Decriminalisation and Change Edited by Corinne Lennox and Matthew Waites Human Rights, Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in The Commonwealth: Struggles for Decriminalisation and Change Edited by Corinne Lennox and Matthew Waites © Human Rights Consortium, Institute of Commonwealth Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London, 2013 This book is published under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NCND 4.0) license. More information regarding CC licenses is available at https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/ Available to download free at http://www.humanities-digital-library.org ISBN 978-1-912250-13-4 (2018 PDF edition) DOI 10.14296/518.9781912250134 Institute of Commonwealth Studies School of Advanced Study University of London Senate House Malet Street London WC1E 7HU Cover image: Activists at Pride in Entebbe, Uganda, August 2012. Photo © D. David Robinson 2013. Photo originally published in The Advocate (8 August 2012) with approval of Sexual Minorities Uganda (SMUG) and Freedom and Roam Uganda (FARUG). Approval renewed here from SMUG and FARUG, and PRIDE founder Kasha Jacqueline Nabagesera. Published with direct informed consent of the main pictured activist. Contents Abbreviations vii Contributors xi 1 Human rights, sexual orientation and gender identity in the Commonwealth: from history and law to developing activism and transnational dialogues 1 Corinne Lennox and Matthew Waites 2
    [Show full text]
  • Douglas Sanders's Article
    5th Asian Law Institute Conference National University of Singapore, May 22 and 23, 2008 377 - and the unnatural afterlife of British colonialism Professor Douglas Sanders Chulalongkorn University, Mahidol University sanders_gwb @ yahoo.ca, May 6, 2008 Article 377 of the Indian Penal Code of 1860 made “carnal intercourse against the order of nature” an offence. This provision, or something very close to it, is presently in force in all former British colonies in Asia with the exception of Hong Kong. Even the article number, 377, is repeated in the current laws in force in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Singapore, Malaysia and Brunei - as if it were a special brand name, all of its own. Sri Lanka, Seychelles and Papua New Guinea have the key wording from article 377, but different section numbers. Parallel wording appears in the criminal laws of many of the former colonies in Africa. Surprisingly, viewing the matter from Asia, the 377 wording was never part of the criminal law in Britain. 377 is an amazingly successful law – if we judge it by its geographical spread and its longevity. Soon it will be 150 years old. How was it formulated? How did it come to apply in Asia? What is its role today? 2 First, we have to look back to the reign of Henry VIII and the break of the English church from Rome. I BACK TO BUGGERY British criminal laws covering homosexual acts began in 1534. Legislation in the reign of Henry VIII, prohibited …the detestable and abominable Vice of Buggery committed with mankind or beast.
    [Show full text]
  • Brevity, Skorpion & Battleaxe
    DESERT WAR PART THREE: BREVITY, SKORPION & BATTLEAXE OPERATION BREVITY MAY 15 – 16 1941 Operation Sonnenblume had seen Rommel rapidly drive the distracted and over-stretched British and Commonwealth forces in Cyrenaica back across the Egyptian border. Although the battlefront now lay in the border area, the port city of Tobruk - 100 miles inside Libya - had resisted the Axis advance, and its substantial Australian and British garrison of around 27,000 troops constituted a significant threat to Rommel's lengthy supply chain. He therefore committed his main strength to besieging the city, leaving the front line only thinly held. Conceived by the Commander-in-Chief of the British Middle East Command, General Archibald Wavell, Operation Brevity was a limited Allied offensive conducted in mid-May 1941. Brevity was intended to be a rapid blow against weak Axis front-line forces in the Sollum - Capuzzo - Bardia area of the border between Egypt and Libya. Operation Brevity's main objectives were to gain territory from which to launch a further planned offensive toward the besieged Tobruk, and the depletion of German and Italian forces in the region. With limited battle-ready units to draw on in the wake of Rommel's recent successes, on May 15 Brigadier William Gott, with the 22nd Guards Brigade and elements of the 7th Armoured Division attacked in three columns. The Royal Air Force allocated all available fighters and a small force of bombers to the operation. The strategically important Halfaya Pass was taken against stiff Italian opposition. Reaching the top of the Halfaya Pass, the 22nd Guards Brigade came under heavy fire from an Italian Bersaglieri (Marksmen) infantry company, supported by anti-tank guns, under the command of Colonel Ugo Montemurro.
    [Show full text]
  • Religion, the Rule of Law and Discrimination Transcript
    Religion, the Rule of Law and Discrimination Transcript Date: Thursday, 26 June 2014 - 6:00PM Location: Barnard's Inn Hall 26 June 2014 Religion, the Rule of Law and Discrimination The Rt Hon. Sir Terence Etherton Chancellor of the High Court of England and Wales 1. One of the most difficult and contentious areas of our law today is the resolution of disputes generated by a conflict between, on the one hand, the religious beliefs of an individual and, on the other hand, actions which that individual is required to take, whether that requirement is by a public body, a private employer or another individual. The problem is particularly acute where the conflict is directly or indirectly between one individual’s religious beliefs and another’s non-religious human rights.[1] 2. It is a subject that affects many countries as they have become more liberal, multicultural and secular.[2] The issues in countries which are members of the Council of Europe and of the European Union, like England and Wales, are affected by European jurisprudence as well as national law. The development of the law in England is of particular interest because the Protestant Church is the established Church of England but the protection for secular and other non-Protestant minorities has progressed at a pace and in a way that would have been beyond the comprehension of most members of society, including judges and politicians, before the Second World War. 3. This subject is large and complex and the law relevant to it is growing at a remarkably fast pace.[3] For the purpose of legal commentary, it falls naturally into two parts: (1) tracing the legal history and reasons for the developments I have mentioned, and (2) analysing the modern jurisprudence.
    [Show full text]
  • Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Support Toolkit
    Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Support Toolkit Social Care, Health and Wellbeing Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Support Toolkit Issue Date: 31/05/2011 Review Date: 30/07/2015 Revised date: 1/09/2015 Amendments Introduced Care Act 2014 and duty made to to promote wellbeing version 1.1 Updated the history of LGBT rights Updated list of famous LGBT people examples Updated national and local statistics Version 2 Next review September 2015 date due: Owner: Policy and Standards Team Invicta House, 3rd Floor County Hall Maidstone ME15 1XX 1 Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Support Toolkit 1. Foreword This document is a toolkit to help promote and embed good practice when working with lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender [LGB&T] people. It contains a number of case studies and good practice examples, as well as links to other resources that staff may find useful in working with LGB&T individuals. This document is intended to raise awareness of: issues specific to LGB&T individuals what this means for anyone working with or supporting LGB&T people how this may affect their carers and support networks how to address homophobia, biphobia and transphobia our legal responsibilities Anne Tidmarsh, Director Older People and Physical Disability and Chair of the Directorate Equalities Group: “The LGB&T Support Toolkit provides important information and guidance for staff in an area that they may not be familiar with. The toolkit helps to remind us to not make assumptions about who we are talking to and recognise the importance of sexual orientation in someone’s life.
    [Show full text]
  • Military & Maritime Catalog
    SCHIFFER P U B L I S H I N G Military & Maritime Catalog AUTUMN/WINTER 2014 aviation: 18 naval: 43 ground forces: 45 militaria: 61 modeling & collectible figures: 76 American Civil War: 78 Cornell Maritime Press: 79 pin-ups: 86 transportation: 88 2 NEW BOOKS MARTIN B-26 MARAUDER: The Ultimate Look: From Drawing William Wolf Board to Widow Maker Vindicated • Fifth in the Ultimate Look bomber series • Photo coverage of the NMUSAF and MAPS restored B-26s • 20 color profiles of some of the most notable of the B-26 series In his fifth book in The Ultimate Look series, Dr. Wolf again brings the same degree of meticulous research to describe this unappreciated and misunderstood B-26 medium bomber. This massive, comprehensive volume is the first to give the reader a definitive description of this neglected bomber, its development, testing, and manufacture. The role of the enigmatic aviation icon Glenn L. Martin is described in the development of the American aviation industry and the Marauder. The author made extensive use of the massive document and photo collections of the Marauder Archives at Akron and Tucson, and the Air Force collection at the NMUSAF. Martin Company design and production information and flight and test evaluations, along with original Company Flight, Parts, and Maintenance Manuals, and rare archival microfilm of original material were also used. The author was given unprecedented access to the family records of B-26 designer Peyton Magruder. The text is complemented by archival photos and drawings, and new color photos of the Marauders at the NMUSAF, Fantasy of Flight, and MAPS Museum.
    [Show full text]
  • Vatican Secret Diplomacy This Page Intentionally Left Blank Charles R
    vatican secret diplomacy This page intentionally left blank charles r. gallagher, s.j. Vatican Secret Diplomacy joseph p. hurley and pope pius xii yale university press new haven & london Disclaimer: Some images in the printed version of this book are not available for inclusion in the eBook. Copyright © 2008 by Yale University. All rights reserved. This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, including illustrations, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the public press), without written permission from the publishers. Set in Scala and Scala Sans by Duke & Company, Devon, Pennsylvania. Printed in the United States of America by Sheridan Books, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Gallagher, Charles R., 1965– Vatican secret diplomacy : Joseph P. Hurley and Pope Pius XII / Charles R. Gallagher. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-300-12134-6 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Hurley, Joseph P. 2. Pius XII, Pope, 1876–1958. 3. World War, 1939–1945— Religious aspects—Catholic Church. 4. Catholic Church—Foreign relations. I. Title. BX4705.H873G35 2008 282.092—dc22 [B] 2007043743 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. The paper in this book meets the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Com- mittee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To my father and in loving memory of my mother This page intentionally left blank contents Acknowledgments ix Introduction 1 1 A Priest in the Family 8 2 Diplomatic Observer: India and Japan, 1927–1934 29 3 Silencing Charlie: The Rev.
    [Show full text]
  • Sexualität Wo•Hin? Ausblicke Einblicke
    49 AIDS-FORUM DAH AIDS-FORUM DAH Band ––––––°––––––––––––––––––––49 Sexualität wo?hin? Hinblicke. Einblicke. Ausblicke. „Sexualität wo-hin? Hinblicke. Einblicke. Ausblicke“ – unter diesem Motto stand die gemeinsame Fachtagung der Deutschen AIDS-Hilfe e.V. (DAH)und des Verbandes lesbischer Psychologinnen und schwuler Psychologen e.V. (VLSP), die vom 15. bis 17. November 2002 im Haus am Köllnischen Park in Berlin stattfand und die sich mit grundsätzlichen Fragen nach dem Stand (wo?) und der Zu- Sexualität wo•hin? Ausblicke Einblicke. Hinblicke. kunft (wohin?) des Sexuellen befasste: Sexualität und Identität, Sexualität und (andere) Kultur(en), Sexualität und Medien, Markt und Macht, Sexualität und Liebe und vieles mehr. Auch die im vorliegenden Band wiedergegebenen Artikel (zum Teil Original- Sexualität wo•hin? beiträge, zum Teil Nachdrucke von Texten, die bereits an anderer Stelle veröf- fentlicht worden sind) beschäftigen sich mit den im Titel dieser Fachtagung Hinblicke. Einblicke. Ausblicke enthaltenen Fragen – aus der Perspektive der Soziologie, der Psychologie und Psychotherapie, der Sexualwissenschaft, der Philosophie, der Kultur- und Me- Karl Lemmen, Jutta Schepers, dienwissenschaften oder der Aufklärungs- und Präventionsarbeit, um nur einige zu nennen. Wir hoffen, mit dieser Veröffentlichung einen Beitrag zur Holger Sweers, Klaus Tillmann (Hg.) Diskussion um dieses Phänomen zu leisten und damit nicht nur den Dialog zwischen den verschiedenen Disziplinen, Kulturen und Welten zu befördern, sondern auch die Grundlagen und Bedingungen der (sexuellen) Gesundheits- förderung und der Prävention sexuell übertragbarer Krankheiten einschließ- lich HIV besser zu verstehen. ISSN 0937-1931 ISBN 3-930425-57-2 2005 Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.ddb.de abrufbar.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Frames in the Gay Liberation Movement
    The Hilltop Review Volume 7 Issue 2 Spring Article 17 April 2015 From “Black is Beautiful” to “Gay Power”: Cultural Frames in the Gay Liberation Movement Eric Denby Western Michigan University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/hilltopreview Part of the Cultural History Commons, Social History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Denby, Eric (2015) "From “Black is Beautiful” to “Gay Power”: Cultural Frames in the Gay Liberation Movement," The Hilltop Review: Vol. 7 : Iss. 2 , Article 17. Available at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/hilltopreview/vol7/iss2/17 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Hilltop Review by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact wmu- [email protected]. 132 From “Black is Beautiful” to “Gay Power”: Cultural Frames in the Gay Liberation Movement Runner-Up, 2014 Graduate Humanities Conference By Eric Denby Department of History [email protected] The 1960s and 1970s were a decade of turbulence, militancy, and unrest in America. The post-World War II boom in consumerism and consumption made way for a new post- materialist societal ethos, one that looked past the American dream of home ownership and material wealth. Many citizens were now concerned with social and economic equality, justice for all people of the world, and a restructuring of the capitalist system itself. According to Max Elbaum, the
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to the One Archives Cataloging Project: Founders and Pioneers
    GUIDE TO THE ONE ARCHIVES CATALOGING PROJECT: FOUNDERS AND PIONEERS FUNDED BY THE NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE HUMANITIES ONE NATIONAL GAY & LESBIAN ARCHIVES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA GUIDE TO THE ONE ARCHIVES CATALOGING PROJECT: FOUNDERS AND PIONEERS Funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities Grant #PW-50526-10 2010-2012 Project Guide by Greg Williams ONE NATIONAL GAY & LESBIAN ARCHIVES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES, 2012 Copyright © July 2012 ONE National Gay & Lesbian Archives Director’s Note In October 1952, a small group began meeting to discuss the possible publication and distribution of a magazine by and for the “homophile” community. The group met in secret, and the members knew each other by pseudonyms or first names only. An unidentified lawyer was consulted by the members to provide legal advice on creating such a publication. By January 1953, they created ONE Magazine with the tagline “a homosexual viewpoint.” It was the first national LGBTQ magazine to openly discuss sexual and gender diversity, and it was a flashpoint for all those LGBTQ individuals who didn’t have a community to call their own. ONE has survived a number of major changes in the 60 years since those first meetings. It was a publisher, a social service organization, and a research and educational institute; it was the target of major thefts, FBI investigations, and U.S. Postal Service confiscations; it was on the losing side of a real estate battle and on the winning side of a Supreme Court case; and on a number of occasions, it was on the verge of shuttering… only to begin anew.
    [Show full text]
  • Ie WESTFIELD LEADER the Leading and Moat Widely Circulated Weekly Newspaper in Union County
    iE WESTFIELD LEADER The Leading and Moat Widely Circulated Weekly Newspaper In Union County Published NINL I YEAR, NO. 50 Second Oils PotUff P«W WESTFIELD, NEW JERSEY, THURSDAY, JULY 10, 1986 20 Pages—30 Cents at Wnlficld. NJ. Every Thursday Council Moves Ahead on Parking Deck Project An ordinance to authorize the Final vote on the ordinance is properties undervalued by a construction of a $1 million park- scheduled after public hearing on computer error; awarding a con- ing deck on the lot across from Tuesday, Aug. 12. tract for construction of a basket- the Westfield Post Office was Mayor Ronald J. Frigerio an- ball court at the new Windsor unanimously introduced by the nounced the appointment of Allen Avenue Park; accepting work for Town Council at Tuesday night's the West Broad St. drainage proj- public session. Malcolm from Alternate #2 to Class 4 (citizen member) of the ect; and accepting work for the Planning Board, whose term ex- Memorial Park tennis court proj- According to Councilman Jim ect. Heimlich, chairman of the Town pires Dec. 31, 1968. Marjorie F. Parking Committee, bidding for McCornack was named Mal- Other resolutions approved construction will probably com- colm's replacement at Alternate were the person-to-person liquor mence in September. Heimlich #2, whose term expires Dec. 31, license transfer of Westfield 1986. Wines & Liquors; landscaper added that the project is ex- licenses for Richard D. Wilson pected to be completed in the The following resolutions were and Reddington Tree Service; "late fall or early spring." unanimously passed: raffle licenses for Westfield "Engineering plans are com- Authorizing recycling educa- UNICO and the Helenic Dancers pleted and architectural plans tion and program grant applica- of N.J., Inc.; and a peddler's are in the final stages," he said.
    [Show full text]