Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Thesaurus

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ASFIS REFERENCE SERIES, No. 6 Revision 3 ASFIS-6 (Rev. 3)

AQUATIC SCIENCES AND FISHERIES INFORMATION SYSTEM

Aquatic Sciences

and Fisheries

Thesaurus

Descriptors Used in the Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System

ASFIS REFERENCE SERIES, No. 6 Revision 3 ASFIS-6 (Rev. 3)

AQUATIC SCIENCES AND FISHERIES INFORMATION SYSTEM

Aquatic Sciences

and Fisheries

Thesaurus

Descriptors Used in the Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System

Originally compiled by E. Fagetti Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Fisheries Department, Rome, Italy D.W. Privett Institute of Oceanographic Sciences, Wormley, Godalming, Surrey, United Kingdom J.R.L. Sears Cambridge Scientific Abstracts, Bethesda, MD, United States of America

Published by FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2009

The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.

All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders. Applications for such permission should be addressed to: Chief Electronic Publishing Policy and Support Branch Communication Division FAO Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy or by e-mail to: [email protected]

ASFA THESAURUS

PREFACE

The publications comprising the ASFIS Reference Series define the rules, authority lists, formats, codes and procedures on which the ASFIS system is based, and therefore they are intended to ensure the consistency necessary for the computer processing and the uniformity within the resulting ASFIS information products. This Thesaurus is the “authority list” which indexers use to choose subject descriptors while preparing references for inclusion in the ASFA bibliographic database (the ASFA bibliographic database is the principal information module or output of the ASFIS system).

The Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) is an international, cooperative information system dealing with the science, technology and management relating to marine, brackish water and freshwater organisms and environments, including their socio-economic and legal aspects. The system is maintained jointly by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of Unesco (IOC), United Nations/Division for Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea (UN/DOALOS) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) with the collaboration of numerous international and national institutes and organizations world-wide (i.e. the ASFIS/ASFA Partners). The ASFIS system's main output is the Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) bibliographic database containing more than a 1 million references with abstracts and indexing, accessioned since 1971 (and earlier for specific subjects, journals or areas). Upwards of 4000 references are added to the database each month.

The references or input to the ASFA bibliographic database are prepared by a network of National, and International ASFA Partners, including the ASFA Publisher (ProQuest). The bibliographic references are sent to the Publisher where they are processed by computer and merged to create a master file (i.e. the ASFA database). The ASFA database is made available to the ASFA Partners in various formats or media (e.g. Internet, CD/DVD Rom, printed abstracts journals) for use as a source of data for local or national information services. The database is also made commercially available by ProQuest to the general public.

The bibliographic reference for each document in the ASFA database contains: 1) a detailed bibliographic citation, 2) an abstract; and 3) a set of indexing terms. The identification of the data elements making up the bibliographic citation, the writing of the abstract, and the choice of the indexing terms is the responsibility of the ASFA Partner.

Computer based information systems operate most successfully when the input (in this case bibliographic references) is prepared with a high degree of consistency and accuracy. This is true for any computer based system, but it is even more important in an international system like ASFA in which the preparation of input is highly decentralized. In order to attain the desired level of consistency and accuracy, it is necessary that all of the persons submitting references for inclusion in the ASFA database are trained in using a standardized: cataloguing, abstracting and indexing procedure.

The purpose of this Thesaurus is to assist the indexers, in the participating ASFA Partner institutes, in consistently choosing the most appropriate subject descriptors while preparing bibliographic references for inclusion in the ASFA database. Of course, the Thesaurus is also of use to the “searcher” of the ASFA database, and it is included as a tool or search aid in the interfaces to the computer searchable versions of the ASFA database.

For further information on ASFA, see the ASFA Home page (http://www.fao.org/fi/asfa/asfa.asp) and, in particular, the FAQ page http://www.fao.org/fi/asfa/faq/faq.asp

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS (1986 Edition)

Compilation of this extensive terminology would not have been possible without the willing support of all personnel involved over many years in the development and production of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA). This support by past and present members of the ASFA Advisory Board and indexing staff whose names are listed on the editorial pages of ASFA is gratefully acknowledged. Thanks are also due to many specialists in the FAO Fisheries Department, in the Institute of Oceanographic Sciences at Wormley, UK and in the Institute of Offshore Engineering, UK, who have suggested descriptors and defined concepts relevant to their fields of speciality. To the compilers of this edition of the Thesaurus goes the credit for their unique and valuable achievement. The enormous task of structuring the terminology for the aquatic biology, biological oceanography, and living resource aspects was undertaken by Dr. Elda Fagetti of the FAO Fisheries Department; her dedicated efforts launched the development of this Thesaurus on a sound foundation. The entries relevant to the expanded scope of ASFA into physical oceanography, ocean technology and non-living resource aspects were added by Dr. D.W. Privett of the UK Institute of Oceanographic Sciences, Wormley, working under contract to FAO. To Mr. J.R.L. Sears of Cambridge Scientific Abstracts, Bethesda, MD., USA, goes the credit for suggesting a large number of descriptors and editing online the final print version of this Thesaurus. In addition to the compilers, acknowledgement goes to Arnold Myers (Institute of Offshore En-gineering, IOE) who contributed to the vocabulary in marine technology; to Cinda Yates Gainch (Division of the Unesco Libraries, Archives and Documentation Services), who adapted the SPINES software to the ASFIS Thesaurus requirements and carried out the initial computerisation process. Last but not least in this list of names go acknowledgements to Mr. E.F. Akyüz, Chief, Fishery Information, Data and Statistics Service, FAO, who made possible the realisation of this Thesaurus, to Mr. R. Needham, head of the Research Information Unit which is responsible for development of all of the ASFIS Reference Series, and to the ASFA staff of the same unit who in one way or another were involved in this lengthy task, particularly Mrs. Giovanna Sebastiani-Corbellini and Mrs. Luciana Lombardi-Gianandrea, for their invaluable and patient help at the keyboarding and proofreading stages of the Thesaurus.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS (2000 Edition)

Adding to the difficult task of updating a Thesaurus, the compiler of this edition (Ms Julia. Hudson, IDC Consultants, Ottawa, Canada) took up the task following many years in which the Thesaurus’s maintenance was left pending. During this revision (which was never formally published), the Thesaurus maintenance was moved to the OECD thesaurus management software (OECD's Multilingual Thesaurus Manager, MTM). Discussion and voting on the terms was undertaken by the ASFA Thesaurus Working Group then comprised of: Richard. Pepe (FAO, ASFA Secretariat, Italy), Angela Hitti (CSA, USA), Jacqueline Prod’homme (IFREMER, France) and Wulf. Kirchner (BF, Germany).

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS (2009 Edition)

Periodic revisions to subject terminologies are required as the discipline continues to develop and mature. The 2009 Edition (Revision 3) incorporates some 200 further entries compiled from two draft lists of amended and new terms. The first list was the collation of the suggestions sent by ASFA Partners. The second was drawn up by the FAO ASFA Secretariat from a review of the FAO Fisheries Glossary. The major work of compiling, circulating and coordinating these lists was undertaken by Ms Linda Noble (National Marine Biological Library, Plymouth, UK) and Ms Helen Wibley (ASFA Secretariat, Rome, Italy). Discussion and voting on the terms was undertaken by the ASFA Thesaurus Working Group which was re-established at the 2006 ASFA Board meeting. The members of this Group were Richard Pepe and Helen Wibley (FAO, ASFA Secretariat), Craig Emerson and Vicki Soto (ProQuest), Linda Noble (NMBL/UK), Jacqueline Prod’homme (IFREMER) and Ian Pettman (FBA/UK). The thesaurus revision was carried out by Ian Pettman (Freshwater Biological Association, The Ferry Landing, Ambleside, Cumbria, U.K) using the MultiTes Pro thesaurus software. Acknowledgment goes to the efforts of Ian Pettman, who, besides incorporating the revisions and making the necessary structural adjustments, also provided outputs for the print version of the Thesaurus and for other computer formats (XML, OWL and SKOS) for various other potential future applications (e.g. ontologies, GIS).

ASFA THESAURUS

CONTENTS

PREFACE...... iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... v

INTRODUCTION...... ix

1. PURPOSE AND COVERAGE OF ASFIS THESAURUS...... ix 1.1 Purpose...... ix 1.2 Status of Thesaurus Development ...... x 1.3 Background...... x 1.4 Field coverage of the ASFIS Thesaurus...... xi

2. RULES AND CONVENTIONS...... xii 2.1 Standardization and control of terms...... xii 2.1.1 Spelling rules...... xii 2.1.2 Noun and adjective forms...... xii 2.1.3 Singular and plural forms...... xii 2.1.4 Abbreviations, initials and acronyms...... xiii 2.1.5 Alphabetisation...... xiii 2.2 Multiple-word entries...... xiii 2.3 Use of characters...... xiii 2.3.1 Character sets...... xiii 2.3.2 Punctuation...... xiv

3. SELECTION AND DEFINITION OF TERMS...... xiv 3.1 Term Selection...... xv 3.2 Term definition...... xv

4. SPECIFICITY AND PRE-COORDINATION...... xv

5. COMPUTER LOADING, CHECKING AND DEVELOPMENT...... xv

6. THESAURUS CLASSIFICATION, STRUCTURE AND NOTATION...... xvi 6.1 Thesaurus structural relations...... xvi 6.2 Notation...... xvi 6.2.1 Scope notes...... xvi 6.2.2 Alternative relations and synonymy...... xvi 6.2.3 Hierarchical relations...... xvi 6.2.4 Associative or affinitive relations...... xvi

7. GUIDELINES FOR TERM SELECTION BY USER...... xvii xix 8. BIBLIOGRAPHY......

9. THESAURUS TERMS...... 1

10. ASFA THESAURUS TERMINOLOGY CONTROL FORM...... 313

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ASFA THESAURUS

Introduction

Elda Fagetti, FAO (Revised by Ian Pettman, FBA)

1. PURPOSE AND COVERAGE OF THE ASFIS THESAURUS

1.1 Purpose

The ASFIS Thesaurus has been conceived so as to correspond to the objectives of the ASFIS system. It permits the subject indexing and retrieval of information on all aspects of aquatic sciences and technology, exploitation of living and non-living resources, related policy, social and economic aspects, processing and marketing of aquatic products, as recorded and stored in the Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System's ASFA database. So far as can be ascertained, this is the only Thesaurus devoted to this broad field of knowledge. This Revision 3 supersedes the '”Thesaurus of Terms for Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries" published in 1976 as FAO Fisheries Circular number 344, the “Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Thesaurus” published in 1986 as ASFA Reference Series No.6, Revision 1, and “Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Thesaurus” published in 2000 as ASFA Reference Series No.6, Revision 2.

1.2 Status of Thesaurus Development

It is perhaps worthwhile to emphasize that a technical thesaurus is not concerned with "semantic perfection" or exact hierarchy of scientific disciplines. Its structure is developed in accordance with the pragmatic requirements of information retrieval. The terminology presented in this publication has resulted from the experience gained in indexing over 1,300,000 records for inclusion in the Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts database during 1971-2008. Extensive reference has been made to other related authority lists, thesauri, term glossaries and dictionaries. A list of these can be found in the bibliography. Nevertheless, terminology relevant to any area of scientific/technological development grows hand-in-hand with that development, and no thesaurus can ever be regarded as final. The effort of compiling a more comprehensive Thesaurus for ASFIS and its ASFA database will take several more years. Rather than tolerate further delay in revising the now outdated 2000 edition, the ASFA Advisory Board has chosen to publish this Thesaurus now. Users may find some topics within the scope of ASFIS still not satisfactorily covered. To facilitate revision and up-dating, comments on and/or criticisms of the Thesaurus are welcome. Such comments/criticisms as well as suggestions for new terms to be added to the Thesaurus should be submitted on the forms found in this Thesaurus to:

Fisheries and Aquaculture Information and Statistics Service (FIES) Attention: ASFA Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 00153 Rome, Italy The Thesaurus covers only subject index terms and should be used in conjunction with the ASFIS Guidelines for Subject Categorisation and Indexing - (ASFIS-5) - and the other ASFIS indexing tools, namely ASFIS Geographic Authority List - (ASFIS-7) - for geographic indexing and the ASFIS List of Species for Fishery Statistics Purposes (ASFIS -15), for taxonomic indexing.

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1.3 Background

This thesaurus has evolved hand-in-hand with the growth of interest in aquatic ecosystems (both marine and freshwater) during the last 45 years, and the accompanying problems in handling the rapidly increasing volume of relevant scientific and technical literature. In 1964, as a result of a collaborative programme with the University of Rhode Island, FAO published a List of classification terms and subject descriptors. In 1970, when arrangements were being made for the cooperative publication of the Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) journal, the Informations and Dokumentationsstelle of the Bundesforschungsanstalt fiir Fischerei (Hamburg, Germany FR), undertook to further develop and classify this list. This work resulted in a considerably enhanced terminology (1971, revised 1974) which was used to index citations appearing in ASFA during this period. In this next phase, FAO structured this terminological authority to produce a draft structured thesaurus (1974) which was evaluated in the production of a new experimental index for the 1975 volume of ASFA and used to index ASFA documents until the revised and enlarged version was published by FAO (FAO, 1976). This was widely distributed among ASFA indexers and users, specialised libraries and information systems over the world. It has been translated into Spanish (Mileo, A.T., 1981 and 1985) and French, following the IOC Executive Council recommendation of May 1979 (IOC/EC - X1.13) that "the Secretary of IOC makes arrangements when required for the translation of the terms in the enlarged ASFIS Thesaurus (ASFIS-6) through interested international institutions and member states, in particular in conjunction with ASFIS centres and other centres of excellence, having the necessary linguistic competence." The widening of the ASFA scope in 1978 to cover also non-living resources and their exploitation called for additional appropriate terminology which was developed hand-in-hand with the development of ASFA-2: Ocean Technology, Policy and Non-Living Resources. The 1986 ASFIS Thesaurus (ASFIS-6, Revision 1) included therefore the original ASFA terminology in use since its origin plus additional terms relevant to the enlarged scope of ASFA or to the overall scope, in accordance with the development of the system. The further widening of the scope in 1990 to include pollution and contamination called for additional appropriate terminology which was developed hand-in-hand with the development of ASFA-3: Aquatic Pollution and Environmental Quality. This resulted in the production of ASFIS-6, Revision 2 in the year 2000. As for the previous editions, additions to the terminology for the production of this revision (ASFIS-6, Revision 3, 2009) have been based mainly on suggestions received from the international network of ASFIS input centres as well as from other aquatic and fisheries information systems. Changes have been kept to the strictly necessary in order to keep consistency in the ASFA indexing vocabulary already well established over many years. For additional descriptors or changed descriptors, information is included in their SN giving the year in which their use was initiated as far as possible. Changed descriptors are also cross-referred to corresponding descriptors used in previous years. As demonstrated by the previous edition, the Thesaurus will continue to exercise its influence over the standardisation of the English terminology relevant to the science and technology of the aquatic environment. It has already been adopted in a variety of emerging national and international information systems.

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1.4 Field coverage of the ASFIS Thesaurus

The specialised field coverage of the ASFA Thesaurus can be divided into a core area which is treated in depth at very specific levels and peripheral areas requiring less refined treatment and treated only when relevant to the ASFA scope.

Strictly Core Areas Aquatic natural and applied sciences such as: Biology Aquaculture Ecology Geology Environmental sciences Geophysics Oceanography Meteorology and climatology Limnology Fisheries sciences Technology and Engineering such as: Marine technology Fishing technology Ship technology Fish food technology Living and non-living resources exploitation and processing, such as: Fishable stocks Cultured stocks Fishery products Freshwater from the sea Energy from the sea Chemicals from the sea Minerals from the sea Oil and gas Aquatic pollution and its effects in organisms Aquatic environmental changes, conservation, public health Social, economic and policy relevant aspects

Marginal or peripheral areas Exact and natural sciences, such as: Biology Chemistry Mathematics Physics Space sciences Statistical sciences Human and social sciences: Development sciences Economics History International relations Pedagogy Management Applied sciences and technologies Engineering relevant sciences Information sciences Medical sciences Transport technology Power technology Potable and waste water treatment technology

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2. RULES AND CONVENTIONS

2.1 Standardisation and control of terms

In order to allow for coincidence between the indexing language and the searching language the ASFIS Thesaurus includes two types of terms, descriptors and non-descriptors. Descriptors or allowable (permitted) terms are those which have been accepted by the systems for describing a concept and which are therefore used in indexing and consequently also for retrieval. The present version of the ASFIS Thesaurus includes over 6,200 descriptors. Non-descriptors or forbidden (or unauthorised) terms include true synonyms, quasi-synonyms, word forms, different (American) spelling or very specific terms which are grouped for indexing (or retrieval) purposes into a conceptually broader term. They are followed by a USE reference which leads to the relevant descriptor. Therefore they are also known in controlled language systems as "lead-in terms." The present version includes 3,700 non-descriptors. 2.1.1 Spelling rules The following rules have been followed: British English rather than American English has been adopted for the descriptors. Where American spelling is used, or where alternative English spellings are available, they have been cross-referred to the preferred descriptors. 2.1.2 Noun and adjective forms All descriptors have a "substantive" (or "noun") form. Usually "common" adjectives are pre-coordinated with nouns and entered as compound descriptors to avoid (i) inconsistency in indexing and (ii) false combinations during retrieval, for example: "marine" pre-coordinated in: MARINE ORGANISMS MARINE PARKS MARINE POLLUTION MARINE TECHNOLOGY, etc. and "international" pre-coordinated in: INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS INTERNATIONAL LAW INTERNATIONAL POLICY, etc. Only a very small proportion of single word terms in adjectival or adverbial form are entered, with the instruction in SN “To be used only as a qualifier." This is for the benefit of practicality and flexibility, for adjectives in recurrent or common use, for example: ANNUAL, MONTHLY, etc. Prepositions are avoided in noun phrases (pluriterms), for example: "Technology transfer" instead of 'Transfer of technology." The following exceptions were made because the form with the preposition is the most familiar: LAW OF THE SEA,OIL AND GAS and its compound descriptors, EQUATIONS OF STATE 2.1.3 Singular and plural forms The general rule adopted is that plural form be given preference, whenever possible. It was always adopted for generic processes, phenomena, operations, properties, materials, instruments, entities, for example: FISHERIES BIOLOGICAL PHENOMENA CHEMICAL PROPERTIES FISH DISEASES MEASURING DEVICES

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Singular form is used for specific processes, properties and phenomena, specific materials, proper chemical names and disciplinary areas, which are acceptable only in the singular: DECANTATION DENSITY GUANO GROWTH IRIDIUM CHEMISTRY When singular or plural forms of a term imply two different concepts, compound descriptors are used to avoid ambiguities, for example: "coating" as a process is entered as COATING PROCESSES "coatings" as an entity is entered as a synonym of COATING MATERIALS.

2.1.4 Abbreviations, initials and acronyms As a general rule, abbreviations for descriptors have been avoided. Exceptions are: • abbreviations which are universally accepted and do not give rise to misinterpretations, especially when appearing in their clustered structure e.g. DDT, RNA • if the expanded form of the term is excessively long. However, the expanded form of the term appears always as a synonym with a cross-reference, or in the scope notes. 2.1.5 Alphabetisation Alphabetisation is based on word-by-word arrangement, according to the following sequences: spaces, special characters (full stop, hyphen, parenthesis) and letter in usual order.

2.2 Multiple-word entries

Both single-word descriptors and multiple-word descriptors have been used. Multiple-word entries (consisting of two or more words) are necessary to modify, define or specify scientific and technical concepts. In the field of aquatic sciences, this is particularly needed because the distinct environments (marine, fresh and brackish water) frequently imply particular research disciplines (e.g. MARINE GEOLOGY), different flora and fauna (e.g. FRESHWATER MOLLUSCS), or specialised techniques. (ESTUARINE FISHERIES). Other compound descriptors have been used to express concepts that should not be separated, for example BIOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT; this helps to overcome retrieval problems associated with high-frequency usage of terms such as BIOLOGY and DEVELOPMENT. Multiple-word descriptors are mainly entered with the words in their natural order, for example, MARINE POLLUTION and cross-referred to the hidden-words in the descriptors "pollution (marine)" as lead-in-terms. The first word in a multiple-word entry is always used in the singular form and the entry is cross-referred to the non-descriptor (and vice versa) when the plural is also in common use, for example FISHERY MANAGEMENT OF "fisheries management."

2.3 Use of characters

2.3.1 Character sets The general rules adopted for the alphabetical structured list follows the following printing format: • all descriptors are printed in bold font • all non-descriptors (UF references) are printed in standard font

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2.3.2 Punctuation Punctuation marks have been kept to a minimum • Diacritical marks are avoided • Prefixes are usually connected to the stem, for example MICROFORMS MICROHABITATS • Hyphens have been retained only when this is common practice or when omission may alter the meaning of the term, for example: RHODAMINE B-DYE SHORT-CRESTED WAVES POLE-LINE FISHING AIR-ICE INTERFACE, etc. and for letter-word combinations, for example: X-RAY ANALYSIS S-WAVES The space occupied by the hyphen is: (i) Left blank for some compound adjectives, noun-noun combinations, where this is common practice, for example: IN SITU DENSITY (ii) dropped in attaching prefixes (adverbs) to the base word (stem), where this is common practice, for example: NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING MULTISPECIES FISHERIES MONOSEX CULTURE • Slash is used only for the following compound descriptors, because of their common use in the specialised languages: T/S DIAGRAMS and CATCH/EFFORT • Periods and commas are used only in scope notes. • Parentheses are used only for very few descriptors, as specified below, which need parenthetical definition and in non-desciptors resolved by inversion i.e. "reaction (chemical)" use CHEMICAL REACTIONS. Inversion was adopted, in general, with some exceptions, e.g.: RESERVOIRS (WATER) HABITAT IMPROVEMENT (CHEMICAL) HABITAT IMPROVEMENT (PHYSICAL) HABITAT IMPROVEMENT (FERTILIZATION) LOCATIONS (WORKING)

3. SELECTION AND DEFINITION OF TERMS As already mentioned in the introduction the ASFIS controlled vocabulary has developed hand-in- hand with the development of the Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts journal. The ASFA indexers suggested terms in accordance with their experience in indexing documents for ASFA entries. The compilers selected among the suggested terms those more frequently requested or those that were considered necessary for indexing at more specific levels. Specialised relevant nomenclature bulletins, dictionaries and thesauri, as listed in the bibliography, were consulted for term selection and definition.

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3.1 Term Selection

The main sources of term selection were: (1) Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Thesaurus (FAO, 1986) (2) the indexing of ASFA-3 documents from 1990 to 2000 (3) the suggestions of ASFA Partners (4) Thesauri, Dictionaries and Glossaries as listed in the selected bibliography

3.2 Term definition The inter-relationships given in the Thesaurus supply a kind of definition by grouping terms in their semantic relations. A rough definition of the terms, when this is needed, is given in the scope notes. Usually to: • restrict the usage of a broad descriptor within the context of the ASFIS system's scope. • clarify the exact meaning of key specialised terms • to give the corresponding descriptors used in previous years • to explain the meaning of certain non-English terms • to indicate that the descriptor is to be used only as a qualifier • to recommend, in the case of a few "umbrella terms," i.e. terms with a very broad meaning, to select and use a more specific, or alternative, descriptor, among those listed below as NTs or RTs.

4. SPECIFICITY AND PRE-COORDINATION LEVEL Due to the wide scope of ASFIS which covers three well-defined aquatic environments and bio- ecological as well as physico-chemical oceanographic sciences and technologies, a high level of specificity is necessary to ensure precision performance both at the input and the retrieval stages. To avoid confusion of descriptors which have a different meaning if applied to bio-ecological aspects or to physico-chemical aspects, the pre-coordination of terms by multiword descriptors has been very frequently adopted e.g. BIOTESTING UF BIOLOGICAL TESTING, to distinguish from more general TESTING procedure etc. BIOLOGICAL DAMAGE to distinguish from DAMAGE as resulting from accident or fire. The same pre-coordination level was adopted for the terminology which refers to a specific aquatic environment in order to give to the relevant descriptors more specificity as requested by the specialised technology in use, or by the organisms involved e.g. AQUACULTURE as broader term, but also MARINE AQUACULTURE, FRESHWATER AQUACULTURE and BRACKISHWATER AQUACULTURE. Very general descriptors which are too generic or too conceptually broad for precise indexing and retrieval purposes have been included only with the function of recalling under a single generic "umbrella" term, the pre-coordinated specific descriptors among which to select the most relevant one e.g. CONTROL and EQUIPMENT followed by the hierarchical display of narrower precoordinated descriptors or PROPERTIES followed by a non-hierarchical list of precoordinated descriptors as related terms.

5. COMPUTER LOADING, CHECKING AND DEVELOPMENT Following automation via the MultiTes Pro software, the Thesaurus was converted and edited by the Freshwater Biological Association leading to this print and online version of the ASFIS Thesaurus.

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6. THESAURUS CLASSIFICATION, STRUCTURE AND NOTATION 6.1 Thesaurus structural relations As in previous editions, this Thesaurus is structured to display commonly accepted relationships - preferential, hierarchical and affinitive. 6.2 Notation

6.2.1 Scope notes SN (scope note), a rough definition of the scope of the term where this is needed (usually for limitation). Scope notes also indicate the date, year in which additional descriptors to the 1976 version entered into use ("Added in...") and the dates when previous descriptors were changed, in which case indication is also given of descriptors previously used ('Before...search..."). The scope notes of a few "umbrella" terms included in the thesaurus recommend the use of alternative or more specific descriptors as listed below, at hierarchical or related levels. 6.2.2 Alternative relations and synonymy USE directs the user from a non-descriptor to the relevant descriptor; UF (used for) is the reciprocal relationship to USE. The USE-UF cross-relationship is used in a variety of situations: • for synonyms or near synonyms man-made lakes USE ARTIFICIAL LAKES chorology USE BIOGEOGRAPHY • to indicate preference in spelling hematology USE HAEMATOLOGY • to designate a mandatory generically broader descriptor coastal aquaculture USE MARINE AQUACULTURE • to designate a preferred, closely related, descriptor commercialization USE MARKETING • to indicate preferred (natural) word order reactions (chemical USE CHEMICAL REACTIONS pollution (marine) USE MARINE POLLUTION • to refer from specific commonly-used parameters to the phenomena or properties which they quantify, for example: metabolic rate USE METABOLISM respiratory quotients USE RESPIRATION fishing mortality coefficients USE FISHING MORTALITY 6.2.3 Hierarchical relations ASFIS Thesaurus includes mainly generic hierarchical relations, in which the generic descriptor (broad term) represents a class of concepts expressed by its specific descriptors (narrower terms). BT (broader term): DISEASES (generic) NT (narrower term): FISH DISEASES PLANT DISEASES 6.2.4 Associative or affinitive relations The non-hierarchical relations, direct the users to alternative descriptors in the event that the lead descriptor is conceptually inappropriate. They are known as related terms and entered as RT. Related terms in the ASFIS Thesaurus are displayed also: • to indicate antinomy AESTIVATION RT HIBERNATION

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• to suggest possible concurrent use of two concepts ESCAPEMENT RT MESH SELECTIVITY • to indicate an affinitive relationship other than hierarchic AQUACULTURE RT AQUACULTURE TECHNIQUES (ie. instrumental relationship) WATER POLLUTION RT POLLUTION EFFECTS (i.e. cause/effect relationship)

7. GUIDELINES FOR TERM SELECTION BY USER It is difficult to lay down a coherent set of rules for subject indexing where different research disciplines and technologies are involved, but users of this Thesaurus should be aware of certain general considerations: Only the essential scientific technical concepts, which are necessary for retrieval of the document abstracted, should be indexed;

Be specific by using the available keyword at the nearest level of specificity. Example: if a paper deals with migration of juvenile tuna to feeding grounds, do not use MIGRATIONS as descriptor but the more specific keyword FEEDING MIGRATIONS;

Use a combination of descriptors where needed, even if this involves the redundancy of using "stem synonyms." Example: if a paper deals with mesh selectivity of a certain type of fishing net for fishery regulation purposes, use both relevant descriptors MESH SELECTIVITY and MESH REGULATIONS plus other related descriptors, e.g., TRAWLS;

Use complimentary descriptors where needed for a particular aquatic environment (marine, freshwater and brackishwater environment) and its organisms. Example: (a) if a paper deals with oyster culture in the Ribadeo estuary, use both descriptors OYSTER CULTURE and BRACKISHWATER AQUACULTURE; (b) if a paper deals with the effects of pollution on an oceanic species, use both descriptors MARINE POLLUTION and POLLUTION EFFECTS plus the relevant taxonomic entry;

Descriptors referring to very broad concepts - "umbrella" terms - which have been included to facilitate retrieval of the related specific descriptors should not be used alone (i.e. without an additional subject descriptor which is more specific, for example: METHODOLOGY may serve as qualifier for a more specific entry such as SHRIMP CULTURE when the paper dealt with describes methods in use;

Index always with subject descriptors plus the taxonomic entry (in the appropriate tag of the Indexing Form) those papers that deal with aquatic animals and plants, for which only vernacular names are given. Example: (a) a paper dealing with tuna fishery in the World Ocean should be indexed bythe relevant subject descriptors TUNA FISHERIES and PELAGIC FISHERIES plus the taxonomic entry SCOMBRIDAE; (b) a paper dealing with carp culture should be indexed by both relevant subject descriptors FRESHWATER AQUACULTURE and FISH CULTURE plus the taxonomic entry CYPRINIDAE;

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ASFA THESAURUS

8. BIBLIOGRAPHY

Aitchison, J. and A. Gilchrist. (1972) Thesaurus construction: a practical manual. London, Aslib, 95 p. American Geological Institute, (1966) Glossary Review Committee, Glossary of geology and related sciences, with supplement. Washington, American Geological Institute, 397 p. Armstrong, T., B. Roberts and C. Swithinbank. (1966) Illustrated glossary of snow and ice. Spec. Publ. Scott Polar Res. Inst., (4): 60 p. Baker, B. B. Jr., W. R. Deebel and R. D. Geisenderfer (eds.). (1966) Glossary of oceanographic terms. Spec. Publ. U.S. Naval Oceanogr. Off., (SP.35): 204 p. Bates, R. L. and Jackson, J. A. (eds.). (1980) Glossary of geology. Falls Church, VA., American Geological Institute, 749 p. 2nd ed. Bender, A. E. (1960) Dictionary of nutrition and food technology. London, Butterworths Scientific Publications, 1943 p Breitling, W. (1975) Inventory, maintenance and development of FAO index terms. Rome, FAO, Documentation Centre, (DC/TH/O):pag. var. Bundesforschungsanstalt fur Fischerei. (1971) Aquatic sciences and fisheries thesaurus (ASFA documentation system). Hamburg, Bundesforschungsanstalt fur Fischerei, Unpag. (mimeo). Informations and Dokumentationstelle. (1974) Aquatic sciences and fisheries thesaurus. Hamburg, Bundesforschungsanstalt fur Fischerei, 388 p. (mimeo). Bureau National des Donndes Oceaniques, Centre Oceanologique de Bretagne. (1976) Thesaurus oceanologie (Provisional edition). Paris, Bureau National de ('Information Scientifique et Technique, 256 p. CNEXO, (n.d.) Thesaurus oceanologie. Liste alphabetique et list alphabetique par facette. Brest, CNEXO, 2 vols: pag. var. (mimeo) Collocott, T. C. (ed.). (1971) Chambers' dictionary of science and technology. London, W. & R. Chambers, Ltd., 1328 p. Cooper, D. G. (1960) The periodic table. London, Butterworths. 93 p. 2nd ed. Dennis, J. G. & L a (eds.). (1979) International tectonic lexicon: a prodrome. Stuttgart, Schweizerbart'sche VB for International Union of Geological Sciences, 153 p. Duffy, D. E. (1980) Offshore glossary: an explanation of terms used in the offshore oil and gas industries. Southampton, Solent Exhibitions (--il) Ltd. for Channel Offshore '80, 20 p. Engineers Joint Council. (1967) Thesaurus of engineering and scientific terms: a list of engineering and related scientific terms and their relationships for use as a vocabulary reference in indexing and retrieving technical information. New York, N.Y., Engineers Joint Council, 690 p. Fairbridge, R. W. (ed.). (1966) The encyclopedia of oceanography. New York., Reinhold Publ. Corp., 1021 p. Fairbridge, R. W. and Bourgeois, J. (eds.), (1978) Encyclopedia of sedimentology. Stroudsburg, VA. Dowden, Hutchinson and Ross, Inc., 901 p. FAO, Research Information Unit. (1974) Structured thesaurus of descriptors for the aquatic sciences and fisheries. Working document prepared for the ASFA Editorial Advisory Board Meeting, Moscow, October 1974. Rome, FAO, 186 p. FAO. (1960) Trilingual dictionary of fisheries technological terms - curing. Rome, FAO, 85 p. FAO (1964) List of classification terms and subject descriptors. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap., (48):57 p. FAO (1972) Environment. FAO Terminol Bull., (22):106 p. FAO (1976) Thesaurus of terms for aquatic sciences and fisheries. FAO Fish. Circ., (344):242 p. FAO (1981) Fish culture. FAO Terminol. Bull., (19):106 p. FAO (1986) Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Thesaurus, ASFIS Reference Series No. 6 Revision 1, 418 p. FAO (2000) Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Thesaurus, ASFIS Reference Series No. 6 Revision 2, 335 p. FAO (2007) Fisheries Glossary, http://www.fao.org/fi/glossary/default.asp Firth, F. E. (ed.). (1969) The encyclopedia of marine resources. New York, N.Y., Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 740 p. GEBCO Committee. (1981) Standardization of undersea feature names: guidelines proposal form, terminology. Monaco, International Hydrographic Bureau, 27 p. Gilchrist, A. (1971) The thesaurus in retrieval. London, Aslib, 184 p.. Godman, A. and E. M. F. Payne (eds.).(1979) Longman dictionary of scientific useage. London, Longman Group Ltd., 684 p. Hanson, H. (1972) Dictionary of ecology. London, P. Owen, 382 p. Hayakawa, S. I. (ed). (1971) Cassell's modem guide to synonyms and related words. Revised by P. J. Fletcher, London, Cassell, 707 p.

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Heckman, G. et al., (eds.). (1978) GEOREF: thesaurus and guide to indexing. Falls Church, VA., American Geological Institute, 456 p. 2nd ed. Henderson, I. F. and W. D. Henderson. (1960) A dictionary of scientific terms. Edinburgh, Oliver and Boyd, 595 p. Holt, S. J. (1960) Multilingual vocabulary and notation for fishery dynamics. Rome, FAO, 42 p. Hunt, I. M. and D.G. Groves (eds.). (1965) A glossary of ocean sciences and undersea technology terms. Arlington, VA., Compass Publications Inc., 1972 p. Huschke, R. E. (ed). (1959) Glossary of meteorology. Boston, Mass., American Meteorological Society, 638 p. Hydrographer of the Navy.(1973) The mariner's handbook. London, Ministry of Defence, Hydrographic Department,139 p. IAPSO Working Group on Symbols, Units and Nomenclature in Physical Oceanography. (1979) SUN report on the use in physical sciences of the ocean of the Systeme International d'Unites (SI) and related standards for symbols and terminology. IAPSO Pub!. Sci., (31):56 p. Institution of Electrical Engineers. (1979) INSPEC thesaurus. London, Institution of Electrical Engineers, 395 p. International Atomic Energy Agency. (1977) INIS thesaurus. Vienna, IAEA, 702 p. International Hydrographic Organization. (1977) Hydrographic dictionary, Pt.1. Spec. Publ. Int. Hydrogr. Organ., (32):387p. Landi, G. (1975) Initials and acronyms of bodies, activities and projects concerned with fisheries and aquatic sciences. FAO Fish. Circ., (110) Rev.2:91 p. (tri-lingual). Leatherdale, D. (1971) Canadian agricultural thesaurus. Section 1: General-first approximation. Ottawa, Canada, Department of Agriculture, Scientific Information Section, Research Branch, unpag. McIntosh, D. H. (comp.), (1972) Meterological glossary. London, HMSO, (Met.0.342). 319 p. Mileo, A.T. (1981) Descriptores alfabeticos espanol-ingles + facetas: traducci6n parcial correspondiente los descriptores del "Thesaurus of terms for Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries," FAO. Contrib. Tec. CIBIMA (37):147 p. Mileo, A.T., (1985) Tesauro de terminos para ciencias acueticas y pesqueras (Traducci6n del 'hesaurus of terms for aquatic sciences and fisheries"). COPESCAL Doc.Tec., (3):202 p. Moureau, M. and J. Delawnay. (1971) Principe et developpement d'un thesaurus d'application: le thesaurus. Rev. Inst. Fr. Petrole, 26(10):962-80. Moureau, M. and A. Girard. (1971) Etude comparee de la strategie d'interogation dans un systeme en langage organise et dans un systeme en langage naturel. (Project No. D02/01350). Rapp. Inst. Fr. Petrole Cent. Doc., (20185):16 p. Myers, A. (1978) Marine technology micro-thesaurus. Edinburgh, Heriot-Watt University, Institute of Offshore Engineering, 74 p. (mimeo). National Aeronautics and Space Administration. (1976) NASA Thesaurus, Vol 1. Alphabetical listing. Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office, 809 p. National Computing Centre. (1976) NCC Thesaurus of computing terms. Manchester, NCC Publications, 147 p. Nedelec, C. (ed.). (1975) Catalogue of small-scale fishing gear. West Byfleet, Surrey, Fishing News (Books) Ltd., for FAO, 191 p. (tri-lingual). Parker, S. P. (ed.). (1980) McGraw-Hill encyclopedia of ocean and atmospheric sciences. New York, McGraw-Hill, Inc. 580 p. Pennak, R. W. (1964) Collegiate dictionary of zoology. New York, N.Y., Ronald Press Co., 566 p. Riley, G. P. and Skirrow, G. (eds.). (1975-78) Chemical oceanography. Vols. 1-7. London: Academic Press. 2nd ed. Schriner, C. R. et al., (1978) Environmental/chemical thesaurus. Oak Ridge, TN., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 305 p. (ORNL/EIS-132):305 p. Schureman, P. (1949) Tide and current glossary. Spec. Pub!. U.S. Coast Geodetic Surv., 228:25 p. U.N. Secretariat. Law of the sea terminology. (1971) UN Terminol. Bull., (297)Rev.1:276 p. UNISIST. (1973) Guidelines for the establishment and development of monolingual thesauri. Paris, Unesco, SC/WS/555:37 p. U.S. Army Coastal Engineering Research Center. (1977) Shore protection manual. Vol. 3. Appendix A. Glossary of terms. Washington, D.C., Superintendent of Documents, 54 p. 3rd ed. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation. (1971) Thesaurus of water resources terms: a collection of water resources and related terms for use in indexing technical information. Washington, D.C., Government Printing Office, 339 p. Visser, W. A. (ed.). (1980) Geological nomenclature. Utrecht, Scheltema and Holkema BV for Royal Geological and Mining Society of the Netherlands, 540 p. Water Research Centre. (1980) AQUAIine thesaurus. Chichester, Ellis Horwood Ltd., 684 p. Whitehead, H. (1976) An A-Z of offshore oil and gas. London, Kogan Page Ltd., 33

xx ASFA THESAURUS

9. THESAURUS TERMS

AAS Atomic absorption spectroscopy USE: Absorption spectroscopy Absolute velocity BT: Spectroscopic techniques USE: Velocity RT: Absorption spectra Abalone fisheries Absorptivity USE: Gastropod fisheries Absolute vorticity USE: Absorption coefficient BT: Vorticity Abdomen RT: Conservation of vorticity Abstracts UF: Peritoneum Coriolis parameters UF: Summaries BT: Body regions Relative vorticity RT: Documents RT: Digestive system Absorptance Abundance Abiotic diseases BT: Optical properties SN: For population studies use USE: Environmental diseases RT: Absorption coefficient POPULATION NUMBER if given in Absorption spectra number, or BIOMASS if given in weight Abiotic factors Light absorption UF: Relative abundance SN: Before 1982 search Wave motion RT: Availability ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS Biomass UF: Density-independent factors Absorption (chemistry) Depletion BT: Environmental factors USE: Sorption Population number RT: Dissolved oxygen Quantitative distribution Light Absorption (food) Salinity USE: Food absorption Abundance (chemical) Water temperature USE: Chemical composition Absorption (light) Ablation USE: Light absorption Abyssal circulation SN: Use only for processes resulting in SN: World-wide deep circulation removal and loss of ice from Absorption (physics) of ocean basins glaciers, floating ice, etc. For organ NT: Light absorption BT: Ocean circulation ablation use ORGAN REMOVAL Sound absorption RT: Abyssal currents RT: Air-ice interface RT: Amplitude Bottom topography effects Calving Attenuation Evaporation Reflection Abyssal cones Glaciers Transmission USE: Deep-sea fans Ice accretion Wave motion Ice caps Abyssal currents Ice islands Absorption (sound) BT: Bottom currents Ice melting USE: Sound absorption RT: Abyssal circulation Ice shelves Benthic currents Ice volume Absorption coefficient Icebergs SN: Before 1982 search also Abyssal environment Sublimation ABSORPTIVITY USE: Abyssal zone UF: Absorptivity Abnormal organisms RT: Absorptance Abyssal hills USE: Abnormalities Emissivity BT: Submarine features Extinction coefficient Abnormalities Light absorption Abyssal plains SN: Restricted to living organisms Light penetration BT: Submarine features UF: Abnormal organisms RT: Continental rise Body deformations Absorption loss Ocean basins Malformations USE: Transmission loss Ocean floor NT: Genetic abnormalities Plains Absorption spectra Seachannels Aboriginal fishing BT: Spectra USE: Indigenous fishing RT: Absorptance Abyssal zone Absorption spectroscopy SN: Zone below 1000 m depth Absolute age Light absorption UF: Abyssal environment UF: Actual age Light penetration RT: Abyssobenthic zone BT: Age Turbidity Abyssopelagic zone RT: Radiometric dating Pelagic environment Absorption spectrometry Absolute food deficiency USE: Absorption spectroscopy Abyssobenthic zone USE: Starvation SN: Benthic regions below 1000 m depth Absorption spectroscopy BT: Benthic environment Absolute humidity UF: AAS RT: Abyssal zone BT: Humidity Absorption spectrometry Abyssopelagic zone

1 ASFA THESAURUS

Abyssopelagic zone Acclimation Acid rain SN: Pelagic regions below 1000 m depth SN: Adjustment of aquatic SN: Precipitation having a pH BT: Oceanic province organisms to conditions in the below 5.6 due to high RT: Abyssal zone laboratory concentrations of sulphate, Abyssobenthic zone BT: Adaptations nitrate, ammonium or other Aphotic zone RT: Acclimatization anions Captivity UF: Acid precipitation Acceleration BT: Rain NT: Coriolis acceleration Acclimatization RT: Acidity RT: Accelerometers SN: Adjustment of organisms to Freshwater pollution Centrifugal force conditions in the aquatic Centripetal force environment Acidification Coriolis force UF: Adaptations (physiological) RT: Acidity Kinematics Physiological adaptations Acids Velocity BT: Adaptations pH RT: Acclimation Accelerometers Captivity Acidity BT: Instruments BT: Chemical properties RT: Acceleration Accommodation RT: Acid rain Gravity meters UF: Living quarters Acidification Seismometers RT: Offshore structures Acids Transducers Underwater habitats Alkalinity Wave recorders Buffers Accreting plate boundaries pH Acceptability USE: Diverging plate boundaries pH effects RT: Acceptance tests Evaluation Accretion Acids Inspection UF: Aggradation SN: Use of a more specific term is Performance assessment NT: Beach accretion recommended Quality Crustal accretion NT: Inorganic acids Reliability Ice accretion Organic acids Standards RT: Sedimentation RT: Acidification Testing Acidity Accumulation Acceptance tests NT: Bioaccumulation Acoustic analogs BT: Tests Ion accumulation USE: Acoustic models RT: Acceptability RT: Fate Quality control Acoustic arrays Accumulation of ions BT: Arrays Access USE: Ion accumulation NT: Sonar arrays NT: Public access Transducer arrays Accumulation of sediments Transponder arrays Accessory respiratory organs USE: Sedimentation RT: Acoustic equipment USE: Respiratory organs Seismic arrays Accuracy Accident prevention RT: Calibration Acoustic baffles BT: Health and safety Measurement USE: Acoustic insulation RT: Accidents Reliability Protection Resolution Acoustic beacons Safety devices Tests BT: Navigational aids Safety regulations RT: Acoustic equipment Accidents Acetate Acoustic navigation UF: Disasters (man-made) BT: Carboxylic acid salts Acoustic transponders Man-made disasters Dynamic positioning NT: Chemical spills Acetone Positioning systems Collisions BT: Ketones Diving accidents Acoustic cavitation Marine accidents Acetylcholine USE: Cavitation Oil spills USE: Neurotransmitters Radiation leaks Acoustic channels RT: Accident prevention Acetylene USE: Sound channels Damage USE: Ethyne Acoustic command systems Disasters RT: Acoustic equipment Emergencies Acid precipitation Acoustic command systems Hazards USE: Acid rain Acoustic telemetry Injuries Acoustic transponders Search and rescue Remote control

2 ASFA THESAURUS

Acoustic current meters Sonar imagery Acoustic sizing techniques BT: Current meters RT: Acoustic images USE: Fish sizing RT: Eulerian current measurement Sodar Acoustic spectra Acoustic data Acoustic images USE: Sound spectra BT: Data RT: Acoustic imagery Acoustic stratigraphy Acoustic detection Acoustic impedance USE: Seismic stratigraphy USE: Sonar detection BT: Impedance RT: Acoustic properties Acoustic surveys Acoustic devices Sound velocity USE: Echo surveys USE: Acoustic equipment Acoustic insulation Acoustic surveys (atmosphere) Acoustic direction finding UF: Acoustic baffles USE: Sodar USE: Echo ranging Baffles (sound) Sound baffles Acoustic systems Acoustic distance measurement Sound insulation USE: Acoustic equipment USE: Echo ranging BT: Insulating materials RT: Acoustic properties Acoustic tags Acoustic doppler sonar Noise reduction USE: Sonic tags USE: Doppler sonar Sound absorption Suppressors Acoustic telemetry Acoustic emission BT: Telemetry RT: Nondestructive testing Acoustic intensity RT: Acoustic command systems USE: Sound intensity Acoustic tracking systems Acoustic emission testing USE: Nondestructive testing Acoustic measurement Acoustic tomography USE: Sound measurement BT: Acoustic imagery Acoustic equipment RT: Acoustic holography UF: Acoustic devices Acoustic models Tomography Acoustic systems UF: Acoustic analogs Instruments (acoustic) BT: Analog models Acoustic tracking BT: Equipment RT: Acoustics USE: Tracking NT: Acoustic transducers Acoustic transponders Acoustic navigation Acoustic tracking systems Echosounders UF: Sonar navigation UF: Underwater tracking systems Electroacoustic devices Transponder navigation BT: Detectors Net sounders BT: Navigation RT: Acoustic equipment Sound generators NT: Doppler navigation Acoustic telemetry RT: Acoustic arrays RT: Acoustic beacons Active sonar Acoustic beacons Navigation underwater Echo ranging Acoustic command systems Sonar Navigation underwater Acoustic tracking systems Acoustics Acoustic pingers Acoustic transducers Echo integrators USE: Pingers BT: Acoustic equipment Electronic equipment Transducers Fish counters Acoustic properties NT: Hydrophones Sonar UF: Sound properties Microphones Sonar receivers BT: Physical properties Sonar transducers Sonar targets RT: Acoustic impedance RT: Electroacoustic devices Sonic tags Acoustic insulation Piezoelectric transducers Sound recorders Acoustics Sound waves Cavitation Acoustic transponders Sound attenuation UF: Beacons (transponders) Acoustic generators Sound intensity Sonar transponders USE: Sound generators Sound velocity BT: Acoustic equipment Transponders Acoustic holography Acoustic radiators RT: Acoustic beacons BT: Acoustic imagery USE: Sound generators Acoustic command systems Holography Swallow floats RT: Acoustic tomography Acoustic release mechanisms USE: Release mechanisms Acoustic wave absorption Acoustic imagery USE: Sound absorption UF: Acoustic sensing Acoustic sensing BT: Imagery USE: Acoustic imagery Acoustic wave attenuation NT: Acoustic holography USE: Sound attenuation Acoustic tomography

3 ASFA THESAURUS

Acoustic wave diffraction Californium Acyclic hydrocarbons USE: Sound diffraction Curium UF: Branched chain saturated Neptunium hydrocarbons Acoustic wave dispersion Plutonium Straight chain saturated USE: Sound dispersion Protactinium hydrocarbons Thorium BT: Saturated hydrocarbons Acoustic wave propagation Uranium NT: Butane USE: Sound propagation RT: Actinide compounds Ethane Transition elements Methane Acoustic wave reflection Propane USE: Sound reflection Actinium BT: Actinides Adaptations Acoustic wave refraction RT: Radioactivity SN: Use of a more specific term is USE: Sound refraction recommended Actinometers BT: Biological phenomena Acoustic wave scattering UF: Pyranometers NT: Acclimation USE: Sound scattering Pyrgeometers Acclimatization BT: Radiometers Camouflage Acoustic wave transmission RT: Meteorological instruments Chromatic adaptations USE: Sound transmission Mimicry Activated sludge Osmotic adaptations Acoustic waves USE: Sludge RT: Behaviour USE: Sound waves Ecotypes Activation analysis Synecology Acoustics BT: Analytical techniques Tolerance UF: Underwater acoustics NT: Neutron activation analysis BT: Physics Adaptations (physiological) NT: Bioacoustics Active margins USE: Acclimatization Ultrasonics UF: Convergent margins RT: Acoustic equipment Seismic margins Adaptive colouration Acoustic models BT: Continental margins USE: Mimicry Acoustic properties RT: Earthquakes Echoes Forearc basins Additional catch Sound Marginal basins USE: By catch Sound channels Orogeny Sound recorders Plate boundaries Additives Sound waves Plate convergence UF: Modifiers Plate margins NT: Food additives Acquisition Subduction RT: Agents NT: Data acquisition Volcanism RT: Purchasing Adenosine diphosphate Active sonar USE: ADP Acronyms BT: Sonar RT: Terminology NT: Doppler sonar Adenosine monophosphate Multibeam sonar USE: AMP Acrylic acid Side scan sonar BT: Organic acids RT: Acoustic tracking systems Adenosine triphosphate Echo ranging USE: ATP Acrylics Echosounders BT: Plastics Insonification Adhesion Sonographs UF: Bonding Actin RT: Adhesives SN: Before 1982 search Activity coefficient Surface properties PROTEINS USE: Thermodynamic activity BT: Proteins Adhesives RT: Muscles Activity patterns UF: Binders (adhesives) UF: Activity rhythms Cements (adhesives) Actinide compounds RT: Behaviour Rubber (adhesives) BT: Chemical compounds Biological rhythms NT: Fish glue NT: Thorium compounds Feeding RT: Adhesion Uranium compounds Local movements Epoxy resins RT: Actinides Locomotion Migrations Adiabatic cooling Actinides Activity rhythms USE: Adiabatic processes BT: Rare earths USE: Activity patterns NT: Actinium Actual age Adiabatic heating Americium USE: Absolute age USE: Adiabatic processes

4 ASFA THESAURUS

Adiabatic lapse rates Advection fog Aerobic respiration USE: Temperature gradients USE: Fog BT: Respiration RT: Anoxia Adiabatic processes Advertisements Biochemical oxygen demand UF: Adiabatic cooling USE: Publicity material Compensation depth Adiabatic heating Dissolved oxygen BT: Isothermal processes Aeolian deposits Gills RT: Potential density USE: Eolian deposits Lungs Potential temperature Oxygen consumption Thermodynamics Aeolian dust Respirometers USE: Eolian dust Adiabatic temperature gradient Aerobic sediments USE: Temperature gradients Aeolian processes USE: Oxic sediments USE: Eolian processes Adjacent seas Aerodynamics USE: Marginal seas Aeolian transport BT: Fluid dynamics USE: Eolian transport Administration Aeromagnetic surveys USE: Management Aeration BT: Surveys NT: Artificial aeration RT: Airborne sensing ADP Bioaeration Geomagnetic field UF: Adenosine diphosphate RT: Air Magnetic exploration BT: Nucleotides Air bubbles Phosphates Bubbling Aeronomy Dissolved oxygen USE: Atmospheric physics Adrenal glands Mixing processes SN: Before 1982 search Oxygenation Aerosols ENDOCRINE GLANDS Self purification UF: Atmospheric aerosols UF: Suprarenal glands Separation Continental aerosols BT: Endocrine glands Sewage treatment Marine aerosols RT: Kidneys Sludge treatment BT: Colloids Water circulation NT: Radioactive aerosols Adsorbents Water filtration RT: Air pollution USE: Adsorption Water mixing Atmospheric particulates Water treatment Bubble bursting Adsorption Turbidity SN: The taking up of one substance Aerial exposure at the surface of another USE: Air exposure Aestivation UF: Adsorbents RT: Animal physiology BT: Sorption Aerial photographs Body temperature RT: Chromatographic techniques SN: Before 1982 search AERIAL Dormancy Diffusion PHOTOGRAPHY Ecophysiology Drying BT: Photographs Environmental effects Exchange capacity RT: Aerial photography Heat balance Oil removal Satellite mosaics Hibernation Oil water separation Metabolism Osmosis Aerial photography Plant physiology Separation BT: Photography Temperature tolerance Surface properties NT: Satellite photography Thermoregulation RT: Aerial photographs Aetiology Adults Aerial surveys SN: The medical study of the BT: Developmental stages Airborne sensing causation of diseases RT: Sexual maturity Stereophotography UF: Etiology

BT: Medicine Advection Aerial surveys RT: Disease control SN: Process of transport of BT: Surveys Disease detection property by mass motion RT: Aerial photography Diseases UF: Marine advection Airborne sensing BT: Transport processes Fishery surveys Afferent nerves NT: Convection USE: Nerves Horizontal advection Aerobic bacteria Agar Salt advection BT: Bacteria BT: Seaweed products Vertical advection RT: Self purification RT: Alginates RT: Circulation Carbohydrates Convergence zones Aerobic conditions Carrageenins Heat transport USE: Oxic conditions Colloids Oceanic convergences Polysaccharides

5 ASFA THESAURUS

Agarose Age groups Aggregation BT: Polysaccharides SN: A group of fish at a given age. RT: Aggregates Before 1982 search AGE Age COMPOSITION Aggregations (ecological) UF: Age of seawater RT: Age composition USE: Ecological aggregations Age of tide Age determination Earth age Aggregations (organisms) Wave age Age length relationships USE: Organism aggregations NT: Absolute age USE: Growth curves Biological age Aggression RT: Age determination Age of seawater USE: Aggressive behaviour Aging USE: Age Geochronometry Aggressive behaviour Residence time Age of tide SN: Before 1982 search USE: Age AGONISTIC BEHAVIOUR Age (biological) UF: Aggression USE: Biological age Ageing Aggressive mimicry USE: Aging BT: Behaviour Age (organisms) RT: Agonistic behaviour USE: Biological age Ageing (biological) Pecking order USE: Biological aging Territoriality Age at first maturity USE: Age at recruitment Agents Aggressive mimicry SN: Use of a more specific term is USE: Aggressive behaviour Age at recruitment recommended SN: Age at which fish are recruited NT: Anticoagulants Aging as fishable stock Antifouling substances SN: Before 1982 search also UF: Age at first maturity Antifreezes AGEING Use of a more specific BT: Biological age Antihelminthic agents term is recommended RT: Age composition Antioxidants UF: Ageing Recruitment Antiparasitic agents NT: Biological aging Antitumour agents RT: Age Age composition Antiviral agents SN: Year-class frequencies Catalysts Aging (biological) BT: Population structure Coagulants USE: Biological aging RT: Age at recruitment Dispersants Age determination Inhibitors Agonistic behaviour Age groups Mutagens SN: Animal behaviour including Biological aging Preservatives threatening behaviour, posturing, Size distribution Solvents and fleeing Year class Surfactants BT: Behaviour RT: Additives RT: Aggressive behaviour Age determination Display behaviour SN: Restricted to age determination Ageostrophic flow in aquatic organisms. For BT: Fluid flow Agreements physical purposes use RT: Geostrophic flow USE: International agreements GEOCHRONOMETRY. Before Geostrophy 1982 search also AGEING Agricultural pollution METHODS Agglutinins BT: Pollution UF: Biological dating UF: Haemagglutinins RT: Agricultural runoff Dating (biological) BT: Antibodies Agriculture Organism dating RT: Bacteria Chemical pollution NT: Otolith reading Blood cells Scale reading Agricultural runoff RT: Age Aggradation UF: Runoff from agricultural land Age composition USE: Accretion BT: Runoff Age groups RT: Agricultural pollution Biological aging Aggregates Agriculture Fossils SN: Sand and gravel dredged and Growth used as construction material Agriculture BT: Seabed deposits UF: Life sciences (agriculture) Age determination (earth sciences) RT: Aggregation RT: Agricultural pollution USE: Geochronometry Gravel Agricultural runoff Sand Agropisciculture Sediments Irrigation

6 ASFA THESAURUS

Agropisciculture Air flow over land Air transportation SN: Combination or alternation of BT: Flow over surfaces SN: Carriage of passengers and agriculture and freshwater RT: Atmospheric motion goods by air aquaculture BT: Transportation UF: Chicken-fish culture Air flow over water RT: Aircraft Duck-fish culture UF: Flow over water surface Hovercraft Fish-cum-chicken culture BT: Flow over surfaces Fish-cum-duck culture RT: Atmospheric motion Airborne equipment Fish-cum-pig culture Wind wave generation UF: Aircraft equipment Integrated agriculture Wind-wave interaction BT: Equipment Pig-fish culture RT: Airborne sensing NT: Rice field aquaculture Air guns Aircraft RT: Agriculture BT: Seismic energy sources AXBTs Aquaculture techniques Electronic equipment Fish culture Air masses Surveying equipment Freshwater aquaculture NT: Polar air masses Frog culture RT: Atmospheric disturbances Airborne remote sensing Plant culture Atmospheric fronts USE: Airborne sensing Pond culture Frontogenesis Airborne sensing Aid Air motion SN: Employing equipment carried NT: Fishery aid USE: Atmospheric motion by low flying aircraft and Food aid helicopters Air poisoning UF: Airborne remote sensing Air USE: Air pollution BT: Geosensing RT: Aeration RT: Aerial photography Air bubbles Air pollution Aerial surveys Air conditioning SN: Including its effects on aquatic Aeromagnetic surveys Air pollution environment Airborne equipment Air temperature UF: Air contamination Aircraft Earth atmosphere Air poisoning Gases Atmospheric pollution Aircraft Oxygen BT: Pollution BT: Vehicles RT: Aerosols NT: Helicopters Air bladder Air RT: Air transportation USE: Swim bladder Air sampling Airborne equipment Anthropogenic factors Airborne sensing Air breathing fish Atmospheric chemistry Airports BT: Fish Atmospheric particulates Hovercraft Climatic changes Air bubbles Dust Aircraft equipment BT: Bubbles Fallout USE: Airborne equipment RT: Aeration Fly ash Air Haze Air-deployed expendable Air-water interface Smoke bathythermographs Capillarity USE: AXBTs Foams Air pumps USE: Pumps Air-ice interface Air compressors UF: Ice-air interface USE: Compressors Air sampling BT: Interfaces BT: Sampling RT: Ablation Air conditioning RT: Air pollution Evaporation RT: Air Atmospheric chemistry Heat exchange Ventilation Atmospheric particulates Ice Air temperature Ice caps Air contamination UF: Dry bulb temperature USE: Air pollution BT: Temperature Airports RT: Air RT: Aircraft Air cushion vehicles Cold season Air-sea coupling USE: Hovercraft Evaporation RT: Air-sea interaction Isotherms Meteorology Air exposure Potential temperature Ocean-atmosphere system UF: Aerial exposure Radiosondes Ocean-ice-atmosphere system Exposure to air Southern oscillation RT: Exposure tolerance Storage conditions Air-sea exchanges Intertidal environment Troposphere USE: Air-water exchanges Weather

7 ASFA THESAURUS

Air-sea interaction Alanine Algal mats BT: Interactions BT: Amino acids Algal settlements RT: Air-sea coupling Stromatolites Air-water exchanges Alarm substances Air-water interface RT: Chemoreception Algae culture Meteorology Olfaction USE: Algal culture Ocean-atmosphere system Sea surface Alarm systems Algae resources Teleconnections UF: Warning devices USE: Botanical resources BT: Warning systems Air-sea transfer NT: Distress signals Algal blooms USE: Air-water exchanges RT: Detectors UF: Blooms Safety devices Plankton blooms Air-water boundary layer Sea blooms USE: Atmospheric boundary Albacore fisheries Water blooms layer USE: Tuna fisheries RT: Algae Biological poisons Air-water exchanges Albedo Marine snow UF: Air-sea exchanges RT: Ratios Mortality causes Air-sea transfer Reflectance Phytoplankton Sea-air exchanges Reflection Primary production Water-air exchanges Solar radiation Red tides RT: Air-sea interaction Surface properties Air-water interface Algal culture Air-water temperature difference Albinism UF: Algae culture Bowen ratio SN: Complete or almost complete Algiculture Bubble bursting absence of pigment in aquatic BT: Cultures Energy transfer organisms NT: Phytoplankton culture Evaporation RT: Chromatic pigments RT: Algae Gas exchange Genetic abnormalities Brackishwater aquaculture Heat exchange Culture tanks Moisture transfer Albumins Freshwater aquaculture Momentum transfer SN: Before 1980 search Marine aquaculture Ocean-atmosphere system PROTEINS Mass culture Surface chemistry UF: Ovalbumin Spores Serum albumins Air-water interface BT: Proteins Algal mats UF: Naviface RT: Bird eggs BT: Biogenic sedimentary BT: Interfaces Blood structures RT: Air bubbles RT: Algae Air-sea interaction Alcohols Stromatolites Air-water exchanges BT: Organic compounds Air-water temperature difference NT: Choline Algal settlements Atmospheric boundary layer Glycerol BT: Biological settlement Energy transfer RT: Carbohydrates RT: Algae Evaporation Sterols Artificial substrata Gas exchange Settling behaviour Heat exchange Aldehydes Substrate preferences Light reflection BT: Organic compounds Light refraction RT: Arabinose Algicides Moisture transfer Glucose BT: Pesticides Momentum transfer Mannose RT: Herbicides Oceanic boundary layer Ribose Toxicants Reflectance Xylose Reflected global radiation Algiculture Sea surface Aldrin USE: Algal culture Surface microlayer BT: Chlorinated hydrocarbons Surface properties RT: Insecticides Alginates Surface radiation temperature SN: Industrial product derived Algae from brown algae Air-water temperature difference SN: In ASFA-1, use as taxonomic UF: Seaweed meal BT: Temperature differences descriptor; in ASFA-2, use as BT: Seaweed products RT: Air-water exchanges subject descriptor RT: Agar Air-water interface NT: Diatoms Carrageenins Zooxanthellae Kelps Airy waves RT: Algal blooms Organic acids USE: Linear waves Algal culture

8 ASFA THESAURUS

Alginic acid Alkaline earth metal compounds Allergic reactions BT: Polysaccharides BT: Chemical compounds UF: Allergies RT: Amino acids NT: Barium compounds BT: Biological phenomena Calcium compounds RT: Food poisoning Algologists Magnesium compounds Histamines UF: Phycologists RT: Alkaline earth metals Immunology BT: Biologists Poisonous organisms RT: Algology Alkaline earth metals Toxicity Fishery biologists BT: Metals Taxonomists NT: Barium Allergies Beryllium USE: Allergic reactions Algology Calcium UF: Phycology Magnesium Alligator culture BT: Botany Radium USE: Reptile culture RT: Algologists Strontium Aquatic plants Yttrium Allocation systems Hydrobiology RT: Alkaline earth metal SN: Restricted to fisheries for Marine sciences compounds division of a total catch between Phytobenthos participants in the fishery Phytoplankton Alkalinity UF: International allocation Plant physiology SN: For a pH above 7 National allocation UF: Causticity RT: Exclusive economic zone Algorithms BT: Chemical properties Fishery policy RT: Computer programs RT: Acidity Shared stocks Mathematical models Buffers Numerical analysis pH Allochthonous deposits pH effects RT: Autochthonous deposits Alicyclic hydrocarbons Water hardness Eolian deposits BT: Saturated hydrocarbons Extraterrestrial material Alkaloids Glacial deposits Alien species BT: Organic compounds Sediments USE: Introduced species RT: Aquatic plants Volcanic rocks Drugs Alimentary organs Allometry BT: Animal organs Alkanes SN: Size-depedence of metabolic Digestive system USE: Saturated hydrocarbons processes NT: Intestines RT: Metabolism Lophophores Alkenes Pyloric caeca BT: Unsaturated hydrocarbons Allopatric populations Stomach NT: Ethene SN: Populations of a same species RT: Digestive glands living in different geographic Mouth parts Alkynes areas Radulae BT: Unsaturated hydrocarbons RT: Geographical distribution NT: Ethyne Sympatric populations Aliphatic hydrocarbons USE: Saturated hydrocarbons Alleles Allowable catch SN: (Genes for) paired USE: Total allowable catch Alkali basalts characteristics. Before 2008 BT: Basalts search ALLELLES Alloys RT: Pyroxenes UF: Allelles UF: Metals (materials) BT: Genes BT: Materials Alkali metal compounds RT: Gene pool NT: Ferrous alloys BT: Chemical compounds Nonferrous alloys NT: Lithium compounds Allelles RT: Chemical elements Potassium compounds SN: (Genes for) paired characteristics Metallurgy Sodium compounds USE: Alleles Metals

Alkali metals Allelopathy Allozymes BT: Metals SN: Chemical inhibition of one SN: Enzymes with allelic variants NT: Caesium species by another through the BT: Enzymes Lithium release of the “inhibitory” Potassium chemical into the environment Alluvial deposits Rubidium where it affects the development UF: Alluvium Sodium and growth of neighbouring BT: Sediments plants. RT: Alluvial fans BT: Chemical defence Alluvial terraces Clastics

9 ASFA THESAURUS

Deltas RT: Aluminium Ammocetes Flood plains Silicon compounds USE: Fish larvae Fluvial morphology Aluminum Fluvial sedimentation USE: Aluminium Ammonia Fluvial transport UF: Ammonium salts Levees Ambient noise BT: Nitrogen compounds UF: Background noise (sound) RT: Ammonium compounds Alluvial fans Underwater ambient noise Gases BT: Fans BT: Noise (sound) Nitrogen cycle Landforms NT: Biological noise Nitrogen fixation RT: Alluvial deposits Sediment noise Urea Alluvial terraces Shipping noise Volatile compounds Deep-sea fans Surface noise Deposition features RT: Passive sonar Ammonium Fluvial features Underwater noise USE: Ammonium compounds

Alluvial terraces Americium Ammonium chloride BT: Landforms BT: Actinides BT: Ammonium compounds Terraces Transuranic elements Chlorides RT: Alluvial deposits RT: Americium isotopes Alluvial fans Ammonium compounds River valleys Americium isotopes SN: Before 1986 search also BT: Isotopes AMMONIUM Alluvium RT: Americium UF: Ammonium USE: Alluvial deposits NT: Ammonium chloride Amination RT: Ammonia Almanacs BT: Chemical reactions BT: Tables RT: Deamination Ammonium salts NT: Nautical almanacs USE: Ammonia Amines Alpha spectroscopy BT: Organic compounds Amoebocytes USE: Spectroscopic techniques NT: Hexosamines SN: Before 1982 search CELLS Hydroxylamines BT: Cells Alternate reproduction Nitrosamines RT: Body fluids SN: Alternation of generations Pyrrolidine Coelom BT: Reproduction RT: Amino acids Phagocytosis RT: Sporophytes Amino acid sequence AMP Alternative name RT: Amino acids UF: Adenosine monophosphate USE: Synonymy BT: Nucleotides Amino acids Phosphates Altimeters BT: Organic acids BT: Measuring devices NT: Alanine Amperometric titration NT: Laser altimeters Arginine USE: Titration Radar altimeters Aspartic acid RT: Altimetry Cysteine Amphibian culture Height Cystine USE: Frog culture Glutamic acid Altimetry Glycine Amphibiotic species UF: Laser altimetry Leucine SN: Species that are aquatic during NT: Radar altimetry Lysine one part of the life cycle and Satellite altimetry Methionine terrestrial during the rest of the RT: Altimeters Ornithine life cycle Height Phenylalanine BT: Species Proline RT: Aquatic organisms Altitude Serine USE: Height Threonine Amphibious vehicles Tyrosine BT: Vehicles Aluminium Valine RT: Hovercraft UF: Aluminum RT: Alginic acid BT: Nonmetals Amines Amphiboles RT: Aluminium compounds Amino acid sequence BT: Silicate minerals Bauxite Nitrogen compounds Ferromanganese nodules Organic constituents Amphibolite facies Peptides BT: Metamorphic facies Aluminium compounds Protein synthesis RT: Amphibolites BT: Chemical compounds Proteins

10 ASFA THESAURUS

Amphibolites UF: Amphihaline potamotocous Analcime UF: Hornblende species USE: Analcite BT: Metamorphic rocks Anadromous fish RT: Amphibolite facies BT: Amphihaline species Analcite RT: Anadromous migrations UF: Analcime Amphidromes Catadromous species BT: Zeolites USE: Amphidromic systems Anaemia Analog data records Amphidromic point SN: Deficiency in red blood cells, USE: Analog records USE: Amphidromic systems haemoglobin or both UF: Anemia Analog models Amphidromic systems BT: Haematological diseases UF: Electronic models UF: Amphidromes RT: Erythrocytes BT: Models Amphidromic point Haemocyanins NT: Acoustic models RT: Cotidal lines Haemoglobins Nutrition disorders Analog records Amphihaline fish UF: Analog data records USE: Amphihaline species Anaerobic bacteria BT: Records SN: See also the taxonomic index NT: Bathythermograms Amphihaline potamotocous species BT: Bacteria Echosounder profiles USE: Anadromous species RT: Anaerobic digestion Seismic profiles Anaerobic respiration Seismograms Amphihaline species Anaerobiosis Tidal curves SN: Aquatic species which pass Fermentation Tidal records periodically, at well defined RT: Data converters stages of their life cycle, from Anaerobic conditions Digital records salt to fresh water and vice versa USE: Anoxic conditions UF: Amphihaline fish Analogs BT: Species Anaerobic digestion RT: Mathematical models NT: Anadromous species BT: Biodegradation Catadromous species RT: Anaerobic bacteria Analysis RT: Osmoregulation Anaerobiosis SN: Use of a more specific term is Osmotic adaptations Biodegradable substances recommended Salinity tolerance Waste treatment NT: Biochemical analysis Spawning migrations Chemical analysis Anaerobic respiration Core analysis Amphihaline thalassotocous species BT: Respiration Cost analysis USE: Catadromous species RT: Anaerobic bacteria Dynamic analysis Anaerobiosis Economic analysis Amplitude Electroanalysis BT: Dimensions Anaerobic sediments Hydrocarbon analysis NT: Wave amplitude USE: Anoxic sediments Mathematical analysis RT: Absorption (physics) Microbiological analysis Attenuation Anaerobionts Response analysis USE: Anaerobiosis Sediment analysis Anabolism Volumetric analysis BT: Metabolism Anaerobiosis Water analysis RT: Catabolism UF: Anaerobionts Wave analysis RT: Anaerobic bacteria RT: Analytical techniques Anadromous fish Anaerobic digestion Electrolysis USE: Anadromous species Anaerobic respiration Tests

Anadromous migrations Anaesthesia Analytical errors UF: Upstream migrations SN: Apparatus and methods for BT: Errors BT: Spawning migrations anaesthesia of aquatic organisms RT: Analytical techniques RT: Anadromous species UF: Anesthesia Brackishwater fish Electroanaesthesia Analytical techniques Catadromous migrations RT: Anaesthetics UF: Isentropic analysis Fishways NT: Activation analysis Homing behaviour Anaesthetics Chromatographic techniques Potadromous migrations UF: Anesthetics Colorimetric techniques BT: Drugs Electrophoresis Anadromous species RT: Anaesthesia Gravimetric techniques SN: Having the habit to migrate Fixation Interferometry from oceanic to coastal water or Inhibitors Ion selective electrode analysis from salt water to freshwater to Narcotics Microscopy breed Polarography

11 ASFA THESAURUS

Spatial analysis Andalusite Animal associations Spectroscopic techniques BT: Silicate minerals USE: Ecological associations Stripping analysis Titration Andesite Animal behaviour Winkler method BT: Volcanic rocks USE: Behaviour RT: Analysis Analytical errors Androgenesis Animal body regions Automated recording BT: Reproduction USE: Body regions Centrifugation Methodology Androgens Animal communication USE: Sex hormones UF: Biocommunication Anatomical structures Zoosemiotics NT: Body organs Anelasticity BT: Communication Body regions USE: Elasticity RT: Behaviour Circulatory system Sound production Digestive system Anemia Vocalization behaviour Integumentary system USE: Anaemia Lymphatic system Animal diseases Nervous system Anemometers SN: Before 1982 search Neurosecretory system SN: Use only for mechanically DISEASES Respiratory system operated anemometers (cups, UF: Aquatic animal diseases Skeleton propellers, vanes, etc.). BT: Diseases Urinary system UF: Cup anemometers NT: Fish diseases RT: Anatomy BT: Wind measuring equipment RT: Aquatic animals Animal physiology RT: Flowmeters Environmental diseases Cells Turbulence measurement Nutrition disorders Tissues Anesthesia Animal feed Anatomy USE: Anaesthesia USE: Feed BT: Biology RT: Anatomical structures Anesthetics Animal fossils Histology USE: Anaesthetics BT: Fossils Organism morphology NT: Fossil foraminifera Osteology Angling Fossil pteropods Physiology SN: Restricted to sport fishing only Fossil radiolaria Tomography BT: Sport fishing RT: Bait fishing Animal growth Anchor stations Pole-line fishing BT: Growth USE: Cruise stations Angular distribution Animal head Anchorages BT: Optical properties USE: Head UF: Roadsteads NT: Harbours Angular momentum Animal manure RT: Anchoring BT: Momentum USE: Manure RT: Conservation of angular Anchoring momentum Animal metabolism RT: Anchorages SN: Before 1982 search Anchors Anhydrite METABOLISM Berthing BT: Sulphate minerals BT: Metabolism Drift RT: Authigenic minerals RT: Animal physiology Mooring systems Chemical sediments Conversion factors Pipeline construction Evaporites Semisubmersible platforms Animal migrations Animal appendages USE: Migrations Anchors SN: Projections of the body UF: Ship anchors UF: Appendages Animal morphology RT: Anchoring NT: Antennae SN: Before 1982 search Berthing Barbels MORPHOLOGY Drogues Byssus (ORGANISMS) Cilia UF: Morphology (animal) Anchovy fisheries Limbs BT: Organism morphology USE: Clupeoid fisheries Locomotory appendages RT: Animal physiology Telson Aquatic animals Ancient shorelines Tentacles Body regions USE: Strandlines RT: Cephalothorax Body size Flagella Thorax

12 ASFA THESAURUS

Animal navigation Animal plankton Annotation UF: Bird navigation USE: Zooplankton USE: Bibliographic information Navigation (animal) RT: Homing behaviour Animal populations Annual Locomotion UF: Populations (animal) BT: Periodicity Migrations BT: Natural populations RT: Annual variations Navigation NT: Spawning populations Biennial Orientation RT: Aquatic animals Stocks Annual range Animal nutrition Zoology BT: Extreme values UF: Finfish nutrition RT: Annual variations Fish nutrition Animal products Shellfish nutrition UF: Aquatic animal products Annual reports Shrimp nutrition NT: Coral BT: Report literature Tilapia nutrition Guano RT: Progress reports BT: Nutrition Manure RT: Animal physiology Pearls Annual variations Diets Shells UF: Year to year variations Digestion Sponges Yearly changes Food consumption RT: Aquatic animals BT: Periodic variations Food conversion Waxes RT: Annual Heterotrophy Annual range Ingestion Animal reproductive organs Horizontal distribution SN: For sexual reproduction only. Regional variations Animal oil extraction Before 1982 search Seasonal variations UF: Extraction (animal oil) REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS Oil extraction (animal) (ANIMAL) Annuli BT: Processing fishery products UF: Reproductive organs (animal) USE: Growth rings NT: Fish oil extraction Reproductive system RT: Chemical extraction Sexual glands Anodes Separation BT: Animal organs BT: Electrodes NT: Gonads NT: Sacrificial anodes Animal organs RT: Hermaphroditism UF: Organs (animal) Imposex Anodic stripping voltammetry BT: Body organs Self fertilization USE: Stripping analysis NT: Alimentary organs Sex characters Animal reproductive organs Sex reversal Anomalies Bladders Sexual reproduction SN: Use of a more specific term is Excretory organs Sterility recommended Photophores NT: Dynamic height anomaly Respiratory organs Animal wastes Geoid anomalies Sense organs USE: Organic wastes Gravity anomalies Vocal organs Magnetic anomalies RT: Animal physiology Animals (aquatic) Specific volume anomalies Body regions USE: Aquatic animals Temperature anomalies Tissues Anion exchange Anoxia Animal orientation USE: Ion exchange SN: Deficiency or absence of USE: Orientation behaviour oxygen in the blood and tissues Animal pathology Anions BT: Oxygen depletion USE: Pathology UF: Negative ions RT: Aerobic respiration Animal physiology BT: Ions Asphyxia SN: Before 1982 search PHYSIOLOGY RT: Electrolysis Hypoxia UF: Physiology (animal) Mortality causes BT: Physiology Anisotropic rocks Necroses NT: Avian physiology BT: Rocks Oxygen Fish physiology RT: Anisotropy Mammalian physiology Anoxic basins RT: Aestivation Anisotropy SN: Water basins, without vertical Anatomical structures BT: Physical properties circulation, characterized by a Animal metabolism RT: Anisotropic rocks total absence of dissolved oxygen Animal morphology Isotropic materials and a higher sulphides Animal nutrition Isotropy production Animal organs Magnetic susceptibility UF: Anoxic waters Aquatic animals Mechanical properties BT: Basins Diving physiology Optical properties RT: Anoxic conditions Zoology Orientation Anoxic sediments

13 ASFA THESAURUS

Dissolved oxygen Antennae Anticorrosion material Marginal seas SN: A pair of anterior appendages, USE: Corrosion control Oxygen depletion normally of sensory function UF: Antennulae Anticyclones Anoxic conditions BT: Animal appendages UF: Midlatitude anticyclones SN: Depletion of dissolved oxygen RT: Orientation behaviour RT: Anticyclonic motion in any specific aquatic Sense functions Atmospheric pressure environment Cyclones UF: Anaerobic conditions Antennulae Winds RT: Anoxic basins USE: Antennae Dissolved oxygen Anticyclonic eddies Oxic conditions Anthropogenic effects USE: Current rings Oxygen consumption USE: Man-induced effects Oxygen depletion Anticyclonic gyres Pollution effects Anthropogenic factors USE: Gyres Stagnant water SN: Influences exercised by man Winterkill and his activities on an organism Anticyclonic motion or biotic community BT: Motion Anoxic sediments BT: Environmental factors RT: Anticyclones UF: Anaerobic sediments RT: Air pollution Cyclonic motion BT: Sediments Limiting factors Fluid motion RT: Anoxic basins Pollution effects Rotation Hydrogen sulphide Lacustrine sedimentation Antibacterials Anticyclonic rings Lake deposits USE: Antibiotics USE: Current rings Organic matter Oxic sediments Antibiotic resistance Antidunes Oxygen USE: Control resistance BT: Bed forms Oxygen depletion RT: Transverse bed forms Sapropels Antibiotics UF: Antibacterials Antifouling coatings Anoxic waters BT: Drugs USE: Antifouling substances USE: Anoxic basins RT: Antihelminthic agents Antiprotozoal agents Antifouling substances ANS Bacterial diseases UF: Antifouling coatings USE: Autonomic nervous system Bacteriocides BT: Agents Fungicides RT: Arsenic compounds Antagonism Terpenes Chemical control RT: Behaviour Coating materials Synergism Antibodies Fouling UF: Antitoxins Fouling control Antarctic convergence BT: Serum UF: Antarctic polar front (ocean) NT: Agglutinins Antifreezes BT: Polar convergences Monoclonal antibodies UF: Freezing point depressants RT: Antigens BT: Agents Antarctic front Biological poisons RT: Deicing SN: Use only for the semi- Defence mechanisms Freezing permanent front separating Immunity continental and maritime air Immunology Antifungals masses over the Southern Ocean Immunoprecipitation USE: Fungicides UF: Antarctic polar front Target cells (atmospheric) Toxicity Antigens BT: Polar fronts Vaccines RT: Antibodies RT: Polar air masses Bacteria Polar meteorology Anticholinesterases Blood cells USE: Cholinesterase inhibitors Blood groups Antarctic polar front (atmospheric) Glycoproteins USE: Antarctic front Anticlines Immunoprecipitation BT: Folds Serological studies Antarctic polar front (ocean) NT: Domes Vaccines USE: Antarctic convergence RT: Salt domes Synclines Antihelminthes pesticides Antarctic waters Anticoagulants USE: Antihelminthic agents USE: Polar waters BT: Agents RT: Coagulants Antarctic zone Dispersants BT: Polar zones Preservatives

14 ASFA THESAURUS

Antihelminthic agents Anus Aquaculture development SN: Before 1982 search PESTICIDES BT: Body regions BT: Resource development UF: Antihelminthes pesticides RT: Aquaculture BT: Agents Apatite Aquaculture economics Pesticides BT: Phosphate minerals Aquaculture enterprises RT: Antibiotics Aquaculture regulations Parasitic diseases Aphotic zone Aquaculture systems SN: Not reached by sunlight Aquaculture techniques Antimony RT: Abyssopelagic zone Development projects BT: Heavy metals Bathypelagic zone Experimental culture RT: Antimony isotopes Deep water Euphotic zone Aquaculture economics Antimony isotopes Light penetration SN: Before 1982 search FISHERY BT: Isotopes Marine environment ECONOMICS RT: Antimony UF: Farmed fish economics Aplanospores Fish culture economics Antioxidants USE: Spores BT: Fishery economics BT: Agents RT: Aquaculture RT: Chemical compounds Appendages Aquaculture development Corrosion USE: Animal appendages Aquaculture enterprises Corrosion control Aquaculture statistics Food additives Application Oxidation USE: Utilization Aquaculture effluents Paints UF: Effluents (aquaculture) Appraisal BT: Effluents Antiparasitic agents USE: Evaluation SN: Before 1982 search Aquaculture engineering PESTICIDES Appropriate technology BT: Engineering BT: Agents BT: Technology RT: Aquaculture Pesticides Fishery engineering NT: Antiprotozoal agents Approximation RT: Parasitic diseases UF: Estimation Aquaculture enterprises BT: Numerical analysis UF: Aquaculture industries Antiprotozoal agents NT: Boussinesq approximation Commercial aquaculture SN: Before 1982 search PESTICIDES Closure approximation BT: Industries UF: Protozoal pesticides Least squares method RT: Aquaculture development BT: Antiparasitic agents RT: Back calculation Aquaculture economics RT: Antibiotics Errors Aquaculture systems Protozoan diseases Finite difference method Prediction Aquaculture equipment Antiseptics Statistical analysis BT: Equipment USE: Disinfectants RT: Aquaculture facilities Aquaculture Aquaria Anti-submarine warfare UF: Aquaculture industry Cages USE: Undersea warfare Aquatic agriculture Culture tanks Aquiculture Feeding equipment Antitoxins NT: Brackishwater aquaculture Harvesting machines USE: Antibodies Freshwater aquaculture Recirculating systems Marine aquaculture Screens Antitumour activity RT: Aquaculture development Water pumps USE: Antitumour agents Aquaculture economics Aquaculture engineering Aquaculture facilities Antitumour agents Aquaculture facilities NT: Hatcheries UF: Antitumour activity Aquaculture products RT: Aquaculture BT: Agents Aquaculture regulations Aquaculture equipment RT: Drugs Aquaculture statistics Aquaculture techniques Tumours Aquaculture systems Artificial lakes Aquaculture techniques Desalination plants Antiviral activity Aquaculturists Fish ponds USE: Antiviral agents Aquatic sciences Water reservoirs Breeding Antiviral agents Brood care Aquaculture industries UF: Antiviral activity Culture effects USE: Aquaculture enterprises BT: Agents Cultured organisms RT: Drugs Cultures Aquaculture industry Viral diseases Rearing USE: Aquaculture Viruses Stocking (organisms)

15 ASFA THESAURUS

Aquaculture law Aquaculture Aquatic reptiles USE: Aquaculture regulations Aquaculture development Fish Aquaculture facilities Marine invertebrates Aquaculture licensing Aquaculture systems Shellfish USE: Aquaculture regulations Artificial aeration RT: Animal diseases Cultures Animal morphology Aquaculture products Habitat improvement Animal physiology SN: Organisms or products derived Induced breeding Animal populations from aquaculture practices Rearing Animal products BT: Products Rice field aquaculture Biogeography RT: Aquaculture Selective breeding Fishery resources Cultured organisms Small scale aquaculture Rare species Fishery products Stocking (organisms) Zoobenthos Zoology Aquaculture regulations Aquaculturists Zooplankton UF: Aquaculture law BT: Technicians Aquaculture licensing RT: Aquaculture Aquatic biologists BT: Legislation USE: Biologists RT: Aquaculture Aquaria Aquaculture development UF: Aquarium systems Aquatic biology Oceanaria USE: Hydrobiology Aquaculture sites RT: Aquaculture equipment USE: Site selection Aquariology Aquatic birds Aquarium culture UF: Birds (aquatic) Aquaculture statistics Continuous culture BT: Aquatic animals SN: Referring to statistical data on Ornamental fish NT: Marine birds cultivated aquatic organisms and Water filtration RT: Avian physiology harvested products Water pumps Feathers BT: Fishery statistics Flight behaviour RT: Aquaculture Aquariology Flying Aquaculture economics RT: Aquaria Imprinting Seaweed statistics Artificial aeration Ornithology Wings Aquaculture systems Aquarium culture NT: Open systems BT: Aquaculture techniques Aquatic botanical resources Recirculating systems RT: Aquaria USE: Botanical resources RT: Aquaculture Fish culture Aquaculture development Ornamental fish Aquatic communities Aquaculture enterprises UF: Communities (ecological) Aquaculture techniques Aquarium fish NT: Benthos Cultures USE: Ornamental fish Epipsammon Nekton Aquaculture techniques Aquarium systems Neuston NT: Aquarium culture USE: Aquaria Periphyton Batch culture Plankton Bottom culture Aquatic agriculture Pleuston Cage culture USE: Aquaculture Psammon Continuous culture Seston Extensive culture Aquatic animal diseases RT: Aquatic environment Hybrid culture USE: Animal diseases Aquatic organisms Intensive culture Biocoenosis Mass culture Aquatic animal products Biological charts Monoculture USE: Animal products Biota Monosex culture Brackishwater ecology Off-bottom culture Aquatic animals Climax community Overwintering techniques SN: Any microscopic or Community composition Polyculture macroscopic animal organisms Ecological associations Pond culture living permanently or developing Ecological succession Raceway culture a part of their life cycle in an Ecosystems Raft culture aquatic environment Freshwater ecology Silo culture UF: Animals (aquatic) Habitat Thermal aquaculture Aquatic fauna Marine ecology Tray culture BT: Aquatic organisms Niches Valliculture Fauna Organism aggregations Warm-water aquaculture NT: Aquatic birds Synecology Wastewater aquaculture Aquatic insects RT: Agropisciculture Aquatic mammals

16 ASFA THESAURUS

Aquatic drugs Aquatic organisms Aquatic reptiles SN: Drugs of aquatic origin and SN: Use of a more specific term is UF: Freshwater turtles their medical uses recommended Marine turtles BT: Drugs UF: Organisms (aquatic) Reptiles (aquatic) NT: Aquatic animals BT: Aquatic animals Aquatic ecology Aquatic plants RT: Herpetology USE: Ecology Boring organisms Reptile culture Burrowing organisms Aquatic environment Cultured organisms Aquatic sciences SN: Environment of all types of Dangerous organisms NT: Freshwater sciences hydrosphere Estuarine organisms Limnology BT: Environments Food organisms Marine sciences NT: Benthic environment Fouling organisms RT: Aquaculture Brackishwater environment Freshwater organisms Aquatic environment Epontic environment Heterotrophic organisms Earth sciences Inland water environment Luminous organisms Hydrosphere Interstitial environment Marine organisms Marine environment Noxious organisms Aquatic weed control Pelagic environment Test organisms USE: Plant control RT: Aquatic communities Tube dwellers Aquatic sciences RT: Amphibiotic species Aquatic weed utilization Biotopes Aquatic communities USE: Plant utilization Ecosystems Microorganisms Environment management Organism aggregations Aquatic weeds Environmental degradation Species USE: Weeds Environmental surveys Habitat Aquatic plant culture Aquiculture Water USE: Plant culture USE: Aquaculture Water bodies Aquatic plant resources Arabinose Aquatic fauna USE: Botanical resources BT: Monosaccharides USE: Aquatic animals RT: Aldehydes Aquatic plant utilization Aquatic habitat USE: Plant utilization Arachidonic acid USE: Habitat BT: Organic acids Aquatic plants Aquatic insects SN: Any microscopic or Aragonite SN: Restricted to aquatic insects macroscopic vegetal organism BT: Carbonate minerals and their larvae living in aquatic environment, RT: Calcium carbonates UF: Insects (aquatic) excluding bacteria and viruses Pteropod ooze BT: Aquatic animals UF: Hydrophytes RT: Boring organisms Plants (aquatic) Archaeology Entomology BT: Aquatic organisms UF: Archeology Food organisms Flora Marine archaeology Insect eggs NT: Freshwater plants Nautical archaeology Insect larvae Macrophytes RT: Fossils Wings Marine plants Hydrographic surveys RT: Algology Palaeontology Aquatic living resources Alkaloids USE: Living resources Biogeography Archean Botanical resources USE: Precambrian Aquatic mammals Botany UF: Mammals (aquatic) Emergent vegetation Archeology BT: Aquatic animals Fishery resources USE: Archaeology NT: Marine mammals Fungi RT: Cetology Phytobenthos Archipelagic waters Mammalian physiology Phytohormones USE: Archipelagoes Mammalogists Phytoplankton Mammalogy Phytosociology Archipelagoes Stranding Plant culture UF: Archipelagic waters Plant utilization RT: Islands Aquatic natural resources Pleuston USE: Natural resources Rare species Archives Weeds RT: Historical account Libraries Aquatic pollution USE: Water pollution

17 ASFA THESAURUS

Archivists Aromatic compounds Artificial fecundation USE: Librarians USE: Aromatics USE: Induced breeding

Arcs (island) Aromatic hydrocarbons Artificial feed USE: Island arcs SN: Before 1982 search also USE: Feed AROMATICS Arctic environment UF: Monocyclic hydrocarbons Artificial feeding USE: Arctic zone Polycyclic hydrocarbons BT: Feeding BT: Unsaturated hydrocarbons NT: Selective feeding Arctic sea smoke NT: Benzene RT: Balanced rations USE: Fog Naphthalene Diets PCB Feed composition Arctic waters Xylene Feeding experiments USE: Polar waters Rearing Aromatics Arctic zone UF: Aromatic compounds Artificial habitats UF: Arctic environment NT: Phenols USE: Underwater habitats BT: Polar zones RT: Chemical compounds RT: Permafrost Organic compounds Artificial harbours SN: Purpose-built anchorages Area Arrays constructed on an open coast. UF: Surface area NT: Acoustic arrays Use of a more specific term is BT: Dimensions Current meter arrays recommended RT: Hypsometric curves Seismic arrays BT: Harbours Size Thermistor chains NT: Marinas Surfaces Thermocouple arrays RT: Military ports Offshore docking Arenites Arsenates BT: Clastics BT: Arsenic compounds Artificial intelligence RT: Graywacke UF: Expert systems Placers Arsenic RT: Computer programs Sand BT: Heavy metals Sandstone RT: Arsenic compounds Artificial islands BT: Offshore structures Argillaceous deposits Arsenic compounds NT: Ice rafts RT: Clays BT: Chemical compounds Sand structures Lutites NT: Arsenates RT: Ice islands Marl RT: Antifouling substances Islands Marlstone Arsenic Sediments Artificial lakes Slates Artemia culture UF: Man-made lakes USE: Brine shrimp culture BT: Lakes Arginine RT: Aquaculture facilities BT: Amino acids Arteries Water reservoirs USE: Blood vessels Argon Artificial manure BT: Rare gases Articulated columns USE: Manure RT: Argon isotopes UF: Articulated structures BT: Offshore structures Artificial rearing Argon isotopes RT: Loading buoys USE: Rearing BT: Isotopes Single point moorings RT: Argon Artificial reefs Potassium-argon dating Articulated structures SN: Artificial structures introduced USE: Articulated columns or built in marine or brackish Arid environments coastal waters creating a NT: Deserts Artificial aeration sheltered space for fishing or RT: Climatic zones SN: Aeration systems used in aquaria, aquaculture Droughts aquaculture, diving and lakes UF: Reefs (artificial) Playas BT: Aeration BT: Offshore structures Sabkhas RT: Aquaculture techniques RT: Artificial spawning grounds Aquariology Habitat improvement (physical) Arkshell fisheries Bubble disease Reef fish USE: Clam fisheries Gases Reef fisheries Habitat improvement (chemical) Reefs Aroma Shelters USE: Odour

18 ASFA THESAURUS

Artificial satellites Asbestos Assemblages USE: Satellites RT: Insulating materials USE: Ecological associations

Artificial sea grass Ascorbic acid Assembling BT: Sea grass USE: Vitamin C USE: Construction

Artificial seawater Ascospores Assimilation (food) UF: Synthetic sea water USE: Spores USE: Food conversion RT: Sea water Standard sea water ASCP Associated species USE: Single cell proteins SN: Species which have a Artificial seaweed predator/prey or competitive UF: Seaweed (artificial) Asdic relationship with the exploited RT: Scour protection USE: Sonar species Seabed protection UF: Dependent species Seaweeds Aseismic margins Interdependent species USE: Passive margins BT: Species Artificial shelters RT: Competition USE: Shelters Aseismic ridges Interspecific relationships BT: Submarine ridges Intraspecific relationships Artificial spawning RT: Seismic ridges Predation USE: Induced breeding Aseismic zones Association constants Artificial spawning grounds BT: Earth structure BT: Constants SN: Any man-made arrangement RT: Seismic zones put into water bodies for fish to Associations spawn Asexual reproduction USE: Organizations BT: Spawning grounds BT: Reproduction RT: Artificial reefs NT: Budding Associations (animal) Shelters RT: Clones USE: Ecological associations Cloning Artificial substrata Conidia Associations (ecological) BT: Substrata Gemmules USE: Ecological associations NT: Cultch Plant reproductive structures RT: Algal settlements Sporangia Astaciculture Settling behaviour Spores USE: Crayfish culture Vegetative reproduction Artificial upwelling Asthenosphere BT: Upwelling Ash content BT: Earth structure RT: OTEC RT: Ashes RT: Isostasy Temperature differences Lithosphere Thermal power Ash layers Low-velocity layer RT: Ashes Magma Artisanal aquaculture Tephra Moho USE: Small scale aquaculture Plate tectonics Ashes Upper mantle Artisanal fishing NT: Fly ash SN: Mainly for local human food Volcanic ash Astronomical tides subsistence using primitive gears RT: Ash content UF: Highest astronomical tides and vessels Ash layers Lowest astronomical tides UF: Small scale fishing BT: Tides BT: Fishing Aspartic acid RT: Extreme values RT: Artisanal whaling BT: Amino acids Tidal amplitude Canoe fisheries Coastal fisheries Asphalt Astronomy Estuarine fisheries BT: Petroleum hydrocarbons RT: Celestial navigation Handlining RT: Oil sands Earth orbit Lagoon fisheries Petroleum residues Moon Lake fisheries Moon phases River fisheries Asphyxia Satellites SN: State of suspended animation Solar activity Artisanal whaling as a result of deficiency of Solar eclipse UF: Shore whaling oxygen in the blood Solar radiation BT: Whaling UF: Suffocation Sun RT: Artisanal fishing RT: Anoxia Hypercapnia Mortality causes

19 ASFA THESAURUS

Atlases NT: Meridional atmospheric Response time BT: Documents circulation Surface mixed layer NT: Oceanographic atlases RT: Coriolis force Thermal structure RT: Cartography Heat transport Wind stress Expedition reports Ocean circulation Gazetteers Southern oscillation Atmospheric fronts Maps Winds UF: Cold fronts Fronts (meteorology) Atmosphere (earth) Atmospheric composition Meteorological fronts USE: Earth atmosphere USE: Atmospheric chemistry Occluded fronts Warm fronts Atmosphere (life support) Atmospheric conditions BT: Fronts USE: Life support systems USE: Weather RT: Air masses Atmospheric boundary layer Atmosphere (planetary) Atmospheric convection Atmospheric convergences USE: Planetary atmospheres BT: Convection Atmospheric disturbances RT: Atmospheric motion Frontal features Atmosphere evolution Meteorology SN: Evolution of planetary Atmospheric convergences Troposphere atmospheres BT: Convergence zones Weather forecasting UF: Evolution (atmosphere) NT: Intertropical convergence zone RT: Atmospheric chemistry Polar fronts Atmospheric gases Earth history RT: Atmospheric fronts BT: Gases Geochemistry NT: Carbon dioxide Planetary atmospheres Atmospheric depressions Hydrogen Seawater evolution NT: Tropical depressions Nitrogen RT: Weather Oxygen Atmosphere-ocean system Ozone USE: Ocean-atmosphere system Atmospheric diffusion RT: Atmospheric chemistry BT: Diffusion Atmospheric aerosols RT: Turbulent diffusion Atmospheric motion USE: Aerosols UF: Air motion Atmospheric disturbances BT: Motion Atmospheric boundary layer SN: Use of a more specific term is NT: Atmospheric circulation UF: Air-water boundary layer recommended Winds Planetary boundary layer RT: Air masses RT: Air flow over land Surface boundary layer Atmospheric fronts Air flow over water BT: Boundary layers Atmospheric motion Atmospheric convection RT: Air-water interface High pressure ridges Atmospheric disturbances Atmospheric fronts High pressure systems Atmospheric turbulence Atmospheric turbulence Low pressure systems Earth atmosphere Cellular convection Meteorology Fluid dynamics Moisture transfer Tornadoes Heat transport Momentum transfer Tropical depressions Horizontal motion Troposphere Lee waves Wave interactions Atmospheric electrical phenomena Meteorology Wind profiles USE: Atmospheric electricity Planetary waves Wind stress Vertical motion Atmospheric electricity Vorticity Atmospheric chemistry UF: Atmospheric electrical Waterspouts UF: Atmospheric composition phenomena BT: Atmospheric sciences Aurora Atmospheric optical phenomena Chemistry St Elmo's fire UF: Mirages RT: Air pollution BT: Electricity RT: Atmospheric physics Air sampling NT: Lightning Haze Atmosphere evolution RT: Atmospheric physics Light Atmospheric gases Ionosphere Optics Atmospheric particulates Visibility Climatic changes Atmospheric fallout Atmospheric particulates Earth atmosphere USE: Fallout UF: Dust (atmospheric) Particulate matter (air) Atmospheric circulation Atmospheric forcing Particulates (atmospheric) UF: General circulation UF: Meteorological forcing BT: Particulates (atmospheric) RT: Atmospheric pressure NT: Salt particles BT: Atmospheric motion Hurricanes RT: Aerosols Circulation Mixed layer depth Air pollution Oceanic response Air sampling

20 ASFA THESAURUS

Atmospheric chemistry Atmospheric tides Light attenuation Dust SN: Tidal motion in the atmosphere Transmittance Fallout UF: Tides (atmospheric) Fly ash BT: Tidal motion Attenuation Pollen RT: Earth tides SN: Use of a more specific term is Smoke Meteorological tides recommended Spores Tides NT: Light attenuation Seismic attenuation Atmospheric physics Atmospheric turbidity Wave attenuation UF: Aeronomy USE: Haze RT: Absorption (physics) BT: Atmospheric sciences Amplitude Physics Atmospheric turbulence Damping NT: Cloud physics UF: Clear air turbulence Signal-to-noise ratio RT: Atmospheric electricity BT: Turbulence Transmission Atmospheric optical phenomena NT: Gusts Wave motion Earth atmosphere RT: Atmospheric boundary layer Meteorology Atmospheric motion Attenuation (light) Laminar flow USE: Light attenuation Atmospheric polar fronts Turbulence measurement USE: Polar fronts Winds Attenuation (water waves) USE: Wave attenuation Atmospheric pollution Atoll lagoons USE: Air pollution BT: Lagoons Attenuation coefficient RT: Atolls USE: Extinction coefficient Atmospheric precipitations SN: Before 1982 use PRECIPITATIONS Atolls Attracting techniques (ATMOSPHERIC) UF: Coral islands SN: Use of artificial or natural UF: Precipitation (atmospheric) BT: Islands objects or artificial stimuli (light, Precipitation (meteorology) RT: Atoll lagoons electricity, etc.) to attract and BT: Hydrometeors Coral concentrate fish and other aquatic NT: Hail Coral reefs animals for fishing purposes Rain UF: Fish attracting Snow Atomic absorption spectroscopy Luring RT: Clouds USE: Absorption spectroscopy RT: Bait fishing Meteorology Catching methods Water resources Atomic energy Fish aggregating devices Weather USE: Nuclear energy Audio recordings Atmospheric pressure Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy UF: Gramophone records UF: Barometric pressure USE: Fluorescence spectroscopy Sound recordings Pressure (atmospheric) Tape recordings (sound) BT: Pressure Atomic physics BT: Audiovisual materials NT: Sea level pressure USE: Nuclear physics RT: Magnetic tape recordings RT: Anticyclones Records Atmospheric forcing Atomic power plants Sound recorders Barometers USE: Nuclear power plants Earth atmosphere Audiovisual materials High pressure systems ATP UF: Visual aids Hypsometry UF: Adenosine triphosphate NT: Audio recordings Low pressure systems BT: Nucleotides Films Meteorology Phosphates Filmstrips Pressure field Graphics Radiosondes Attachment (biological) Photographs Sigma-T USE: Biological attachment Satellite mosaics Weather Slides (photographic) Weather forecasting Attachment (lampreys) Videotape recordings Winds USE: Lamprey attachment RT: Documents Magnetic tapes Atmospheric radiation Attachment (parasites) Scale models USE: Downward long wave USE: Parasite attachment Training aids radiation Atmospheric sciences Attachment organs Audition BT: Earth sciences BT: Body organs BT: Sense functions NT: Atmospheric chemistry RT: Biological attachment RT: Auditory organs Atmospheric physics Attenuance Auditory stimuli Climatology BT: Optical properties Sound production Meteorology RT: Extinction coefficient

21 ASFA THESAURUS

Auditory organs Autocorrelation Autotomy UF: Ears UF: Autocorrelation functions SN: Voluntary separation of a part Phonoreceptors BT: Correlation analysis of the body BT: Sense organs RT: Cross correlation RT: Protective behaviour RT: Audition Regeneration Auditory stimuli Autocorrelation functions Echolocation USE: Autocorrelation Autotrophy Mechanical stimuli BT: Nutritional types Sound production Autolysis RT: Plant nutrition Vocalization behaviour SN: Self digestion by the action of enzymes Autumn Auditory stimuli BT: Chemical reactions UF: Fall BT: Stimuli RT: Degradation Fall season RT: Audition Enzymes BT: Seasons Auditory organs Sound production Automated cartography Auxins Vocalization behaviour UF: Computer aided cartography BT: Growth regulators BT: Cartography RT: Phytohormones Augite RT: Automated recording Plant physiology BT: Pyroxenes Automation Availability Aurora Automated data processing SN: Use of a more specific term is USE: Atmospheric electricity USE: Data processing recommended NT: Commercial availability Austausch coefficients Automated recording Food availability USE: Exchange coefficients SN: Automated techniques for Resource availability determination of physico- RT: Abundance Autecology chemical properties of water SN: Ecological study of a single UF: Automated techniques Available potential energy individual or many individuals of RT: Analytical techniques USE: Potential energy a given species Automated cartography BT: Ecology Automation Avian physiology RT: Biological rhythms SN: Before 1982 search Life history Automated techniques PHYSIOLOGY Migrations USE: Automated recording UF: Bird physiology BT: Animal physiology Authigenes Automation RT: Aquatic birds USE: Authigenic minerals RT: Automated cartography Automated recording Avitaminosis Authigenesis Computers USE: Vitamin deficiencies BT: Diagenesis Data processing RT: Authigenic minerals Mechanization Avoidance Remote control USE: Avoidance reactions Authigenic minerals Robots UF: Authigenes Avoidance reactions Authigenic sediments Autonomic nervous system SN: Before 1982 search BT: Sediments SN: Before 1982 search AVOIDANCE NT: Evaporites NERVOUS SYSTEM UF: Avoidance Ironstone UF: ANS Net avoidance RT: Anhydrite Parasympathetic nervous system BT: Behaviour Authigenesis Sympathetic nervous system RT: Catchability Chemical sediments BT: Nervous system Escapement Gypsum Migrations Halite Autopilots Phosphate deposits RT: Navigation systems AXBTs Phosphorite Navigational aids UF: Air-deployed expendable Submarine cements bathythermographs Autoradiographic techniques BT: XBTs Authigenic sediments USE: Autoradiography RT: Airborne equipment USE: Authigenic minerals Autoradiography Axenic culture Autobiographies UF: Autoradiographic techniques SN: Growth of organisms of a USE: Biographies BT: Radiography single species in the absence of Autochthonous deposits RT: Radioactive tracers cells or living organisms of any RT: Allochthonous deposits other species Biogenic deposits RT: Monoculture Sediments

22 ASFA THESAURUS

Axons Decomposers Bacteriocides USE: Neurons Endotoxins Bacteriophages Filter feeders Bioassays Azimuth Food poisoning Endotoxins RT: Direction Nannoplankton Epidemiology Single cell proteins Parasitology Azines Spores BT: Organic compounds Bacteriophages NT: Pyridines Bacteria collecting devices RT: Bacteria Pyrimidines BT: Collecting devices Bacteriology Quinolines RT: Bacteria Transduction Viruses Back calculation Bacterial counters RT: Approximation BT: Counters Bacterioplankton RT: Bacteria USE: Nannoplankton Back-arc basins Bacteriology USE: Marginal basins Bacterioses Bacterial diseases USE: Bacterial diseases Background noise (sound) UF: Bacterioses USE: Ambient noise BT: Infectious diseases Baffles (sound) NT: Botulism USE: Acoustic insulation Backrush Tuberculosis USE: Backwash Vibriosis Bait RT: Antibiotics SN: Including natural (dead or Backscatter Bacterins living) and artificial baits (lures, UF: Sound backscatter Bacteriology chemical baits, etc.) BT: Sound scattering Boil disease UF: Fishing bait RT: Forward scattering Endotoxins Lures Reverberation Gill disease RT: Bait fish Scatterometers Immunization Bait fishing Pathogenic bacteria Hooks Backshore Peduncle disease Line fishing USE: Beach features Redmouth disease Trap fishing

Backwash Bacterial filtration Bait culture UF: Backrush BT: Filtration SN: Before 1982 search FISH RT: Wave effects RT: Bacteria CULTURE Wave runup UF: Bait farming Waves on beaches Bacterial gill disease Bait fish culture USE: Gill disease BT: Fish culture Backwaters RT: Bait fish SN: Water held back from the main Bacterial haemorrhagic septicaemia Bait fisheries flow of a river USE: Septicaemia Brackishwater aquaculture RT: Dams Freshwater aquaculture Lagoons Bacterial vaccines Hatcheries Stream flow USE: Vaccines Worm culture Water reservoirs Bactericides Bait farming Bacteria USE: Bacteriocides USE: Bait culture SN: Use of a more specific term is recommended. In ASFA-1, use Bacterins Bait fish as taxonomic descriptor; in BT: Vaccines BT: Fish ASFA-2, use as subject RT: Bacteria RT: Bait descriptor Bacterial diseases Bait culture BT: Microorganisms Pathogens Bait fisheries NT: Aerobic bacteria Bait fishing Anaerobic bacteria Bacteriocides Pathogenic bacteria UF: Bactericides Bait fish culture RT: Agglutinins BT: Pesticides USE: Bait culture Antigens RT: Antibiotics Bacteria collecting devices Bacteriology Bait fisheries Bacterial counters BT: Fisheries Bacterial filtration Bacteriology RT: Bait culture Bacterins BT: Microbiology Bait fish Bacteriology RT: Bacteria Clupeoid fisheries Bacteriophages Bacterial counters Bioerosion Bacterial diseases

23 ASFA THESAURUS

Bait fishing Barbels Baroclinic motion BT: Fishing BT: Animal appendages UF: Baroclinic flow RT: Angling RT: Tactile organs Baroclinic waves Attracting techniques BT: Fluid motion Bait Barges RT: Baroclinic field Bait fish SN: Do not use for drilling Baroclinic instability Ice fishing structures Baroclinic mode Line fishing BT: Surface craft Barotropic motion Purse seining NT: Crane barges Internal tides Trap fishing Pipelaying barges Stratified flow RT: Floating structures Balance (ecological) Pontoons Baroclinic tides USE: Ecological balance Towing USE: Internal tides Work platforms Balance of nature Baroclinic waves USE: Ecological balance Barite USE: Baroclinic motion BT: Sulphate minerals Balance organs RT: Barium Baroclinicity BT: Sense organs Placers USE: Baroclinic mode NT: Statocysts Barium Baroclinity Balanced diets BT: Alkaline earth metals USE: Baroclinic mode BT: Diets RT: Barite RT: Balanced rations Barium compounds Barographs Nutritional requirements Barium isotopes USE: Barometers Magnesium Balanced polymorphism Barometers USE: Biopolymorphism Barium compounds UF: Barographs BT: Alkaline earth metal BT: Measuring devices Balanced rations compounds RT: Atmospheric pressure RT: Artificial feeding RT: Barium Manometers Balanced diets Nutritional requirements Barium isotopes Barometric currents Nutritive value BT: Isotopes USE: Wind-driven currents RT: Barium Baleens Barometric pressure UF: Whalebones Baroclinic field USE: Atmospheric pressure BT: Mouth parts BT: Fields RT: Baroclinic mode Barotropic field Ballast Baroclinic motion BT: Fields RT: Ballast tanks RT: Barotropic mode Buoyancy Baroclinic flow Barotropic motion Buoyancy floats USE: Baroclinic motion Floating Barotropic flow Loads (forces) Baroclinic instability USE: Barotropic motion Stability BT: Instability RT: Baroclinic mode Barotropic instability Ballast tanks Baroclinic motion BT: Instability RT: Ballast Barotropic instability RT: Baroclinic instability Underwater vehicles Energy transfer Barotropic mode Mesoscale eddies Energy transfer Balloons Potential vorticity Potential vorticity UF: Meteorological balloons Rossby parameter Unsteady flow BT: Wind measuring equipment RT: Meteorological instruments Baroclinic mode Barotropic mode Radiosondes UF: Baroclinicity UF: Barotropy Baroclinity BT: Modes Banks (financial) BT: Modes RT: Baroclinic mode USE: Financial institutions RT: Baroclinic field Barotropic field Baroclinic instability Barotropic instability Banks (topography) Baroclinic motion Barotropic motion BT: Topographic features Barotropic mode Conservation of vorticity NT: Embankments Internal tides Isobaric surfaces Mud banks Isobaric surfaces Isopycnic surfaces River banks Isopycnic surfaces Stratification Sand banks Stratification Submarine banks Stratified flow

24 ASFA THESAURUS

Barotropic motion Barrier spits Basement (geology) UF: Barotropic flow UF: Bay barriers USE: Basement rock Barotropic waves Nehrung BT: Fluid motion BT: Spits Basement rock RT: Baroclinic motion RT: Barrier beaches UF: Basement (geology) Barotropic field Barrier islands BT: Earth structure Barotropic mode Bays RT: Earth crust Barotropic tides Coastal lagoons Moho Rocks Barotropic tides Barriers BT: Tides SN: Use of a more specific term is Basic diets RT: Barotropic motion recommended BT: Diets NT: Bubble barriers Barotropic waves Fishing barriers Basidiospores USE: Barotropic motion Floating barriers USE: Spores Ice barriers Barotropy Storm surge barriers Basins USE: Barotropic mode RT: Barrages SN: Use of a more specific term is Biotic barriers recommended Barrages Breakwaters NT: Anoxic basins SN: Fixed structures built for the Containment Lake basins purpose of containing water for Ocean basins irrigation, power generation, Barriers (biological) River basins recreation, flood control, etc. USE: Biotic barriers Sedimentary basins BT: Hydraulic structures Structural basins NT: Dams Barriers (fishing) RT: Topographic features Enclosures USE: Fishing barriers Tidal barrages Basket culture Weirs Bars USE: Cage culture RT: Barriers USE: Nearshore bars Coastal structures Batch culture Containment Basaltic glass SN: Culture of organisms in USE: Volcanic glass homogeneous developmental stages Barrier beaches BT: Aquaculture techniques BT: Beaches Basaltic lava RT: Continuous culture RT: Barrier islands USE: Basalts Culture tanks Barrier spits Hatcheries Nearshore bars Basaltic layer Seed production USE: Sima Barrier islands Batch processing BT: Coastal landforms Basalts USE: Data processing Islands UF: Basaltic lava RT: Barrier beaches BT: Volcanic rocks Batfish Barrier reefs NT: Alkali basalts USE: Undulators Barrier spits Oceanite Beach accretion Tholeiite Bathing Coastal lagoons Tholeiitic basalt SN: Before 1982 search Deposition features RT: Lava RECREATIONAL SWIMMING Tidal inlets UF: Recreational swimming Barrier nets Basalt-seawater interaction Swimming (recreation) SN: Usually constructed in tidal BT: Hydrothermal activity BT: Recreation waters and made of various RT: Hydrothermal alteration RT: Drowning materials (stakes, branches, Palagonite Surfing reeds, netting, etc.). Differ from fixed gillnets which, when the Baseline studies Batholiths tide ebbs, may eventually allow SN: Studies conducted in advance BT: Igneous intrusions the fish not entangled or gilled to of an anticipated environmental RT: Igneous dikes pass freely underneath their change or for long-term Igneous rocks bottom line. Include : Fences, comparison of environmental or Plutons Weirs, Corrals ecological conditions USE: Fishing barriers UF: Baseline surveys Bathyal zone Ecological baseline studies SN: Zone between 500 and 1000 m Barrier reefs RT: Long-term changes depth BT: Coral reefs Monitoring RT: Bathyal-benthic zone RT: Barrier islands Surveys Bathypelagic zone Fringing reefs Baseline surveys Pelagic environment Lagoons USE: Baseline studies

25 ASFA THESAURUS

Bathyal-benthic zone Bathymetry Batteries SN: Benthic regions between 500 SN: To be used only for the UF: Electric batteries and 1000 m depth operation of measuring water BT: Electric power sources BT: Benthic environment depth, i.e. surface to seabed RT: Electrical equipment RT: Bathyal zone UF: Depth sounding (water) Electromagnetic power Bathypelagic zone Laser bathymetry Mesopelagic zone Sounding (water depth) Bauxite Water depth measurement BT: Oxide minerals Bathygenesis BT: Depth measurement RT: Aluminium USE: Epeirogeny RT: Bathymeters Clay minerals Bathymetric charts Bathymeters Bathymetric data Bay barriers BT: Measuring devices Bathymetric profiles USE: Barrier spits NT: Laser bathymeters Bathymetric surveys RT: Bathymetry Bottom topography Bay dynamics Bathythermographs Deep water BT: Shelf dynamics Depth recorders Echosounding RT: Bays Oceanographic equipment Hydrographic surveys Estuarine dynamics Water depth Hydrography Nearshore dynamics Isobaths Wave dynamics Bathymetric charts Morphometry BT: Hydrographic charts Seafloor mapping Bays RT: Bathymetric data Sounding lines BT: Coastal inlets Bathymetric profiles Soundings RT: Barrier spits Bathymetric surveys Water depth Bay dynamics Bathymetry Estuaries Geological maps Bathypelagic zone Inlets (waterways) Isobaths SN: Waters between about 500 and Topographic maps 4000 m depth Beach accretion Vertical distribution BT: Oceanic province BT: Accretion Water depth RT: Aphotic zone NT: Beach nourishment Bathyal zone RT: Barrier islands Bathymetric data Bathyal-benthic zone Beach erosion BT: Oceanographic data Pelagic environment Beach features NT: Soundings Beach morphology RT: Bathymetric charts Bathyspheres Beach ridges Bathymetric profiles BT: Observation chambers Beaches Bathymetry RT: Underwater exploration Berms Geological data Deposition features Limnological data Bathythermograms Progradation Water depth BT: Analog records RT: Bathythermographic data Beach berms Bathymetric distribution Bathythermographs USE: Berms USE: Vertical distribution Bathythermographic data Beach cusps Bathymetric observations BT: Oceanographic data BT: Beach features USE: Soundings RT: Bathythermograms RT: Edge waves Bathythermographs Longshore currents Bathymetric profiles Temperature sections Rip currents BT: Hydrographic sections Water depth Shoaling RT: Bathymetric charts Shoaling waves Bathymetric data Bathythermographs Swell Bathymetry SN: Devices used to record water Echosounder profiles temperature as a function of Beach erosion Horizontal profiles depth BT: Coastal erosion Water depth UF: Mechanical RT: Beach accretion bathythermographs Beach features Bathymetric surveys BT: Profilers Beach morphology BT: Hydrographic surveys NT: XBTs Beaches RT: Bathymetric charts RT: Bathymeters Coast defences Bathymetry Bathythermograms Dune stabilization Cartography Bathythermographic data Groynes Water depth Depth recorders Shore protection Limnological equipment Tidal effects Thermometers Wave effects Water depth Water temperature

26 ASFA THESAURUS

Beach face Beach rock Bearing capacity USE: Foreshore USE: Beachrock BT: Strength RT: Compaction Beach features Beach seines Loads (forces) UF: Backshore BT: Seine nets Pile driving BT: Topographic features RT: Boat seines Shear strength NT: Beach cusps Beach ridges Beach slope Beaufort scale Berms UF: Beach gradient UF: Beaufort wind scale Dunes BT: Slopes (topography) RT: Breezes Foreshore RT: Beach features Gale force winds Nearshore bars Beach profiles Sea state scales Rip channels Beaches Runnels Beaufort wind scale Spits Beach temperature USE: Beaufort scale Surf zone USE: Sediment temperature Tombolos Bed forms Wave-cut platforms Beaches SN: Before 1986 search also RT: Beach accretion UF: Ocean beaches BEDFORMS Beach erosion Sandy beaches UF: Bedforms Beach morphology Shingle beaches BT: Sedimentary structures Beach slope BT: Coastal landforms NT: Antidunes Beaches NT: Barrier beaches Gravel waves Bed forms Raised beaches Mud banks Headlands RT: Beach accretion Ploughmarks Sand ripples Beach erosion Pock marks Beach features Sand banks Beach gradient Beach morphology Sand bars USE: Beach slope Beach profiles Sand patches Beach slope Sand ribbons Beach morphology Coastal zone Sand ripples UF: Beach processes Coasts Sand waves BT: Coastal morphology Dunes Scour hollows RT: Beach accretion Intertidal environment Seachannels Beach erosion Littoral zone Sediment drifts Beach features Recreational waters Transverse bed forms Beach nourishment Runnels RT: Beach features Beach profiles Sand Contour currents Beaches Surf Current scouring Terraces Wave processes on beaches Dunes Fluvial features Beach nourishment Beachrock Iceberg scouring BT: Beach accretion UF: Beach rock Nearshore bars RT: Beach morphology BT: Carbonate rocks Oscillatory flow Longshore sediment transport Sediment-water interface Beacons (distress) Submarine features Beach platforms USE: Distress signals Topographic features USE: Wave-cut platforms Wave scouring Beacons (transponders) Wave-seabed interaction Beach processes USE: Acoustic transponders USE: Beach morphology Bed friction Beam transmittance USE: Bottom friction Beach profiles BT: Transmittance BT: Horizontal profiles RT: Beam transmittance meters Bed load RT: Beach morphology UF: Bedload Beach slope Beam transmittance meters Bottom load Beaches UF: Transparency meters Traction load Break-point bars BT: Light measuring instruments BT: Sediment load Topographic surveying RT: Beam transmittance RT: River beds Wave effects Saltation Beam trawlers Sediment transport Beach ridges USE: Trawlers Shelf geology BT: Beach features Shelf sedimentation NT: Cheniers Beam trawls (bottom) Suspended load RT: Beach accretion USE: Bottom trawls Traction Deposition features Beam trawls (midwater) Shingle USE: Midwater trawls

27 ASFA THESAURUS

Bed roughness Behavioural responses RT: Abyssal currents UF: Bottom roughness Biological rhythms Benthic boundary layer BT: Roughness Echolocation Bottom Ekman layer RT: Bottom friction Ethology Drag coefficient Instinct Benthic environment Form drag Interspecific relationships UF: Benthic regions River beds Intraspecific relationships BT: Aquatic environment Niches NT: Abyssobenthic zone Bed shear stress Phenology Bathyal-benthic zone USE: Bottom stress Synergism Littoral zone Tropism RT: Benthos Bed stress Interstitial environment USE: Bottom stress Behavioural responses Intertidal environment SN: As observed in experimental Lenitic environment Bedding structures conditions Lotic environment SN: Use of a more specific term is RT: Behaviour Marine environment recommended Stimuli Sediment-water interface BT: Sedimentary structures Substrata NT: Current marks Bench marks Ripple marks RT: Datum levels Benthic fauna Varves Levelling USE: Zoobenthos Sea level measurement Bedforms Surveys Benthic fish USE: Bed forms USE: Demersal fish Bending Bedload USE: Deformation Benthic flora USE: Bed load USE: Phytobenthos Bends BEDs USE: Decompression sickness Benthic fronts USE: By-catch excluder devices BT: Oceanic fronts Benioff seismic zone Behavior USE: Benioff zone Benthic infauna USE: Behaviour USE: Burrowing organisms Benioff zone Behaviour UF: Benioff seismic zone Benthic layer SN: Use of a more specific term is BT: Earth structure USE: Benthic boundary layer recommended RT: Lithosphere UF: Animal behaviour Oceanic trenches Benthic regions Behavior Plate tectonics USE: Benthic environment NT: Aggressive behaviour Seismic zones Agonistic behaviour Subduction zones Benthon Avoidance reactions USE: Benthos Chromatic behaviour Benjamin Feir instability Cleaning behaviour BT: Instability Benthos Competitive behaviour RT: Wave trains UF: Benthic communities Display behaviour Benthon Exploratory behaviour Benthic algae Epibenthos Feeding behaviour USE: Phytobenthos Macrobenthos Flight behaviour Microbenthos Homing behaviour Benthic boundary layer BT: Aquatic communities Hydrostatic behaviour UF: Benthic layer NT: Meiobenthos Learning behaviour Bottom boundary layer Phytobenthos Migrations BT: Boundary layers Zoobenthos Orientation behaviour RT: Benthic currents RT: Benthic environment Parental behaviour Bottom Ekman layer Benthos collecting devices Protective behaviour Bottom mixed layer Burrowing organisms Reproductive behaviour Deep layer Demersal fish Settling behaviour Water column Ecological zonation Sexual behaviour Wave-seabed interaction Interstitial environment Social behaviour Sessile species Surfacing behaviour Benthic communities Substrata Territoriality USE: Benthos Tube dwellers Vocalization behaviour RT: Activity patterns Benthic currents Benthos collecting devices Adaptations SN: Water currents at +4000 m BT: Collecting devices Animal communication depth RT: Benthos Antagonism BT: Bottom currents Seafloor sampling

28 ASFA THESAURUS

Bentonite Bicarbonates Bioaeration BT: Clastics BT: Carbonates SN: Sewage purification by oxidation RT: Lutites BT: Aeration Montmorillonite Biennial Sewage treatment Volcanic ash BT: Periodicity RT: Annual Bioassays Benzene UF: Biological assays BT: Aromatic hydrocarbons Bilateral agreements BT: Tests UF: Bilateral aid RT: Bacteriology Berms BT: International agreements Biotesting UF: Beach berms RT: Joint ventures Immunoassays BT: Beach features Test organisms RT: Beach accretion Bilateral aid Toxicity tests Deposition features USE: Bilateral agreements Sand Biocalcarenite Bile BT: Carbonate rocks Berthing SN: Before 1982 search BODY FLUIDS RT: Calcarenite SN: Use for both docking vessel UF: Bile pigments and action of securing vessel to Bile salts Biocenosis mooring buoy BT: Body fluids USE: Biocoenosis UF: Docking RT: Fats Mooring ships Gall bladder Biochemical analysis NT: Offshore docking Liver BT: Analysis RT: Anchoring RT: Biochemical composition Anchors Bile pigments Biochemistry Mooring buoys USE: Bile Electrophoresis Offshore terminals Organic constituents Positioning systems Bile salts Ship mooring systems USE: Bile Biochemical composition BT: Composition Beryllium Billfisheries RT: Biochemical analysis BT: Alkaline earth metals USE: Tuna fisheries Biochemistry RT: Beryllium isotopes Organic constituents Billows Water content Beryllium isotopes UF: Kelvin-Helmholtz billows BT: Isotopes BT: Fluid motion Biochemical cycles RT: Beryllium RT: Internal waves BT: Chemical cycles Kelvin-Helmholtz instability RT: Biogeochemical cycle Best practices Chemical degradation SN: Technique or methodology that Binders (adhesives) through experience and research has USE: Adhesives Biochemical oxygen demand proven to be reliable and to lead to a SN: Before 1982 search also desired result or successful result. Bioaccumulation BIOLOGICAL OXYGEN DEMAND SN: Biological uptake and UF: Biological oxygen demand Beta spirals accumulation or concentration in BOD RT: Coriolis parameters the tissues BT: Oxygen demand BT: Accumulation RT: Aerobic respiration Beta-plane Biological phenomena Biochemical phenomena RT: Coriolis parameters RT: Excretion Chemical oxygen demand Equatorial dynamics Lethal effects Coagulation Rossby parameter Pollution effects Metabolism Vorticity Pollution tolerance Oxygenation Sublethal effects Self purification Bibliographic information Toxicity tolerance Water quality UF: Annotation Bibliographic studies Bioacoustics Biochemical phenomena RT: Bibliographies BT: Acoustics NT: Calcification Documentation RT: Biological noise Decalcification Biology Protein denaturation Bibliographic studies Biophysics Protein synthesis USE: Bibliographic information Biotelemetry RT: Biochemical oxygen demand Bibliographies Sound production Biochemistry UF: Reading lists Vocalization behaviour Biodegradation BT: Documents Biological phenomena NT: Personal bibliographies Bioactive compounds Chemical reactions RT: Bibliographic information Metabolism Literature reviews Nitrogen fixation

29 ASFA THESAURUS

Biochemistry Biodiversity RT: Biogeny UF: Physiochemistry UF: Ecosystem diversity Evolution BT: Chemistry Habitat diversity Reproduction NT: Cytochemistry RT: Genetic diversity Histochemistry Species diversity Biogenic deposits RT: Biochemical analysis UF: Biogenic sediments Biochemical composition Bioelectricity BT: Sediments Biochemical phenomena SN: The production of electricity NT: Coral reefs Biogeochemical cycle by living animals Organic sediments Biogeochemistry BT: Biological properties Siliceous sediments Pharmacology RT: Biophysics RT: Autochthonous deposits Physiology Defence mechanisms Biogenic material Electric organs Oozes Biocides USE: Pesticides Bioenergetic studies Biogenic material USE: Bioenergetics SN: Material of biological origin Bioclimatology UF: Biogenous material SN: The study of the effects of Bioenergetics BT: Materials climate on living organisms SN: Energy transformation in RT: Biogenic deposits UF: Biological climatology living organisms and aquatic Detritus Biometeorology ecosystems. Before 1982 search Suspended organic matter BT: Climatology ENERGY BUDGET Trophodynamic cycle RT: Hydroclimate UF: Bioenergetic studies Temperature effects RT: Conversion factors Biogenic sedimentary structures Ecosystems BT: Sedimentary structures Biocoenosis Energy budget NT: Algal mats SN: A group of plants and animals Food chains Stromatolites forming a natural community Food consumption Trace fossils UF: Biocenosis Metabolism RT: Bioturbation RT: Aquatic communities Coral reefs Biota Bioengineering Biotopes USE: Biotechnology Biogenic sediments Community composition USE: Biogenic deposits Ecological associations Bioerosion Habitat UF: Erosion (biological) Biogenous material RT: Bacteria USE: Biogenic material Biocommunication Biological damage USE: Animal communication Boring organisms Biogeny Fungi SN: The science of the evolution of Biocontrol organisms, comprising ontogeny USE: Biological control Bioevolution and phylogeny. Before 1982 USE: Evolution search EVOLUTION Biodegradable substances NT: Ontogeny SN: Substances that can be broken Biofacies Phylogeny down by microorganisms BT: Facies RT: Biogenesis RT: Anaerobic digestion RT: Biostratigraphy Evolution Biodegradation Ecology Fossils Biogeochemical cycle Biodegradation Palaeontology SN: Complete cycle between UF: Microbial degradation Sedimentation organic matter in aquatic BT: Degradation ecosystems. Before 1982 search NT: Anaerobic digestion Biofilms BIOCHEMICAL CYCLE RT: Biochemical phenomena BT: Geochemical cycle Biodegradable substances Biofilters NT: Nutrient cycles Biogeochemical cycle UF: Biological filters RT: Biochemical cycles Decomposers Subgravel filters Biochemistry Degeneration BT: Filters Biodegradation Sewage treatment RT: Recirculating systems Biogeochemistry Sludge treatment Water treatment Biological clocks Wastewater treatment Chemical degradation Water pollution treatment Biogas Detritus BT: Gases Oxidation Biodeposition Photosynthesis USE: Detritus Biogenesis Primary production SN: Before 1982 search Suspended particulate matter Biodeterioration EVOLUTION USE: Biological damage BT: Biological phenomena

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Biogeochemistry Biological assays Biological damage BT: Geochemistry USE: Bioassays SN: Damage caused by aquatic RT: Biochemistry organisms Biogeochemical cycle Biological attachment UF: Biodeterioration Biology UF: Attachment (biological) Biological corrosion Pyrolysis NT: Parasite attachment Biological deterioration Sediment chemistry RT: Attachment organs Damage (biological) Sulphate reduction BT: Damage Biological balance RT: Bioerosion Biogeography USE: Ecological balance Boring organisms UF: Chorology Dangerous organisms Phytogeography Biological charts Fouling organisms Zoogeography SN: Distributional charts of aquatic BT: Geography organisms, aquatic communities, Biological data RT: Aquatic animals living resources and their BT: Data Aquatic plants migrations RT: Biological sampling Biological charts BT: Maps Biological surveys Biology RT: Aquatic communities Census Botany Biogeography Cosmopolite species Distribution records Biological dating Ecological distribution Geographical distribution USE: Age determination Ecology Quantitative distribution Endemic species Biological deterioration Endemism Biological classification USE: Biological damage Faunal provinces USE: Taxonomy Hydroclimate Biological development Ichthyology Biological climatology SN: Before 1982 search Phytosociology USE: Bioclimatology DEVELOPMENT Zoology (BIOLOGICAL). Restricted to Biological clocks development processes of Biographies RT: Biogeochemical cycle organisms UF: Autobiographies Biological rhythms UF: Development (biological) BT: Documents NT: Embryonic development Biological collections Larval development Bioherms SN: Museum collections and RT: Developmental stages BT: Reefs comparative collections of Growth RT: Coral reefs aquatic organisms Life cycle Limestone BT: Collections Ontogeny

Bioindicator organisms Biological competition Biological drift USE: Indicator species USE: Competition UF: Drift (biological) BT: Dispersion Bioindicators Biological contamination RT: Biotic barriers USE: Indicator species USE: Microbial contamination Wind-driven currents

Biological age Biological control Biological engineering UF: Age (biological) SN: Use of organisms or viruses to USE: Biotechnology Age (organisms) control parasites, aquatic weeds BT: Age or other pests Biological equilibrium NT: Age at recruitment UF: Biocontrol USE: Ecological balance RT: Biological aging BT: Control Growth RT: Biological vectors Biological fertilization Life cycle Fouling control UF: External fertilization Longevity Pest control Fertilization (biological) Plant control Internal fertilization Biological aging Predator control Reproductive fertilization UF: Ageing (biological) Protozoan diseases Syngamy Aging (biological) Viral diseases BT: Sexual reproduction Senescence RT: Polyspermy BT: Aging Biological corrosion Sexual cells RT: Age composition USE: Biological damage Spermatophores Age determination Biological age Biological culture Biological filters Growth USE: Laboratory culture USE: Biofilters Life cycle Longevity

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Biological half life Biological poisons Biological properties SN: Time required by the body to SN: Before 1982 search POISONS BT: Properties eliminate one-half of the (BIOLOGICAL) NT: Bioelectricity administered dose of any UF: Biotoxins Biological resistance substance by regular process of Poisons (biological) Euryhalinity elimination Toxins Eurythermy UF: Biological half time Venoms Fecundity Half life (biological) BT: Hazardous materials Heterosis Half life (effective) NT: Ciguatoxin Homoiothermy RT: Body burden Endotoxins Immunity Radionuclide kinetics Neurotoxins Longevity Tetrodotoxin Neoteny Biological half time RT: Algal blooms Poikilothermy USE: Biological half life Antibodies Sexual maturity Detoxification Stenohalinity Biological institutions Lethal effects Stenothermy BT: Research institutions Lethal limits Tolerance RT: Limnological institutions Metabolites Toxicity Oceanographic institutions Poisonous organisms Vulnerability Red tides RT: Bioluminescence Biological limnology Sublethal effects Fluorescence USE: Freshwater ecology Toxicity Instinct Toxicology Phosphorescence Biological membranes Venom apparatus Physicochemical properties UF: Membranes (biological) BT: Membranes Biological pollutants Biological rafting RT: Cell membranes SN: Pollutants having a biological SN: Transport of sediment by Ion exchange origin aquatic organisms Ion transport BT: Pollutants BT: Rafting RT: Biological production RT: Bioturbation Biological noise Culture effects Sediments SN: Sound emitted by marine Microbial contamination animals present on echo trace Biological resistance UF: Fish sounds Biological polymorphism SN: Use of a more specific term is Marine biological noise USE: Biopolymorphism recommended BT: Ambient noise UF: Resistance (biological) RT: Bioacoustics Biological production BT: Biological properties Sound production SN: Organic production in aquatic NT: Cold resistance Sound waves environment, including dynamic Control resistance parameters. Before 1982 search Disease resistance Biological oceanography PRODUCTION (BIOLOGICAL) Drought resistance USE: Marine ecology UF: Natural increase Drug resistance Natural production Parasite resistance Biological oxygen demand Organic production RT: Ecophysiology USE: Biochemical oxygen demand Production (biological) Environmental effects Production rate Resistance mechanisms Biological phenomena NT: Primary production Tolerance UF: Phenomena (biological) Secondary production NT: Adaptations RT: Biological pollutants Biological resources Allergic reactions Biomass USE: Living resources Bioaccumulation Density dependence Biological rhythms Biogas Ecosystems SN: A repeated cyclic change in Biogenesis Environmental effects the behaviour of organisms Biological rhythms Fertility UF: Biorhythms Biosynthesis Food webs Endogenous rhythms Degeneration Nutrient cycles Rhythms (biological) Encystment Nutrients (mineral) BT: Biological phenomena Evolution Oxygen demand NT: Circadian rhythms Metamorphosis Plankton equivalents Nyctimeral rhythms Mutations Trophic levels RT: Activity patterns Regeneration Trophodynamic cycle Autecology RT: Biochemical phenomena Yield Behaviour Bioluminescence Biological clocks Interspecific relationships Ecological distribution Intraspecific relationships Phenology Photoperiodicity Vertical migrations

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Biological sampling Biological testing Bioluminescence SN: Before 1982 search SAMPLING USE: Biotesting SN: Biological fluorescence and (BIOLOGICAL). Sampling phosphorescence produced by methods and techniques for aquatic Biological tissues photogenic or luminous organs or animals and plants USE: Tissues organisms UF: Sampling (biological) BT: Luminescence BT: Sampling Biological transplantation RT: Biological phenomena RT: Biological data USE: Transplants Biological properties Biological surveys Chemiluminescence Biometrics Biological vectors Fluorescence Census SN: Organisms serving as passive Phosphorescence Collecting devices carrier of a disease agent. Before Photophores Statistical sampling 1982 search VECTORS (BIOLOGICAL) Biomanipulation Biological sciences BT: Vectors USE: Biology RT: Biological control Biomarkers Hosts Biological selection Parasites Biomass USE: Bioselection Parasitic diseases UF: Live weight Protozoan diseases Population abundance (in weight) Biological settlement Population size (in weight) SN: Before 1982 search Biologists Standing crop (in weight) SETTLEMENT (BIOLOGICAL) UF: Aquatic biologists Standing stock (in weight) UF: Settlement (biological) Hydrobiologists BT: Population characteristics NT: Algal settlements BT: Scientific personnel RT: Abundance Larval settlement NT: Algologists Biological production RT: Colonization Botanists Plankton equivalents Settling behaviour Fishery biologists Population density Substrate preferences Microbiologists Population number Taxonomists Quantitative distribution Biological speciation Zoologists Yield SN: Before 1982 search RT: Biology SPECIATION (BIOLOGICAL) Biomathematics UF: Speciation (biological) Biology USE: Biometrics RT: Bioselection SN: Before 1982 search Breeding BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES. Use Biometeorology Ecotypes of a more specific term is USE: Bioclimatology Evolution recommended Genetics UF: Biological sciences Biometrics Isolating mechanisms Life sciences (biology) UF: Biomathematics Mutations NT: Anatomy Biometry New species Botany Biostatistics Phylogenetics Cryobiology RT: Biological sampling Phylogeny Cytology Mathematics Population genetics Embryology Numerical taxonomy Species Fishery biology Statistical analysis Taxonomy Functional morphology Statistics Genetics Biological stress Haematology Biometry SN: Physiological condition of a Histology USE: Biometrics tissue, organ or organism which is Hydrobiology unable to respond normally to a Microbiology Bionomics stimulus without rest. Before 1982 Molecular biology USE: Ecology search FATIGUE (BIOLOGICAL) Organism morphology UF: Fatigue (biological) Physiology Biophysics Stress (biological) Zoology BT: Physics Stress (physiological) RT: Bioacoustics RT: Bioacoustics RT: Stimuli Biogeochemistry Bioelectricity Stress (mechanics) Biogeography Biology Biologists Physiology Biological surveys Biophysics BT: Surveys Biotechnology Bioplasm NT: Plankton surveys Ecology USE: Cytoplasm RT: Biological data Life history Biological sampling Community composition Environmental surveys

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Biopolymorphism genetic engineering. Before 1986 Biotic natural resources SN: Before 1982 search search also BIOENGINEERING USE: Living resources POLYMORPHISM (BIOLOGICAL) UF: Bioengineering UF: Balanced polymorphism Biological engineering Biotic pressure Biological polymorphism Genetic engineering SN: Activities of an enlarging Genetic polymorphism BT: Technology population to maintain itself and Polymorphism (biological) RT: Biology spread Transient polymorphism Biosynthesis UF: Population pressure NT: Cyclomorphosis Biotelemetry Pressure (populations) RT: Organism morphology Genetically Modified Organisms RT: Competition Population genetics Medicine Food availability Sexual dimorphism Ultrastructure Natural mortality Population control Bioreactors Biotelemetry Population density SN: Instrumentation and application Bioremediation of the technique of remote Biotin signaling by means of ultrasonic or USE: Vitamin B Biorhythms radio signals from a transmitter on USE: Biological rhythms or in an animal. Before 1982 Biotite search TELEMETRY BT: Micas Bioselection UF: Marine biotelemetry RT: Kimberlites UF: Biological selection Underwater biotelemetry Selection (biological) BT: Telemetry Biotopes NT: Genetic drift RT: Bioacoustics BT: Habitat Natural selection Biotechnology RT: Aquatic environment Sexual selection Sonic tags Biocoenosis RT: Biological speciation Tagging Biota Evolution Tracking Ecological associations Mutations Microhabitats Phylogeny Biotesting Niches SN: Bioassays for testing degree of Biosociology toxicity Biotoxins USE: Synecology UF: Biological testing USE: Biological poisons BT: Testing Biostatistics RT: Bioassays Bioturbation USE: Biometrics Lethal effects SN: Sediments disturbance by Sublethal effects organisms Biostratigraphy Toxicity BT: Sediment mixing BT: Stratigraphy Toxicity tests RT: Biogenic sedimentary RT: Biofacies structures Fossil assemblages Biotic barriers Biological rafting SN: Biotic limitations affecting the Burrowing organisms Biosynthesis dispersal and/or survival of Diagenesis BT: Biological phenomena organisms Mixing processes RT: Biotechnology UF: Barriers (biological) Sediments Chemosynthesis RT: Barriers Enzymatic activity Biological drift Bipolar distribution Pearls Biotic factors UF: Bipolarity Photosynthesis BT: Horizontal distribution Biotic diseases Biota USE: Infectious diseases Bipolarity SN: Collective flora and fauna of a USE: Bipolar distribution given region, a specific habitat or Biotic environment a biotope USE: Biotic factors Bird eggs RT: Aquatic communities BT: Eggs Biocoenosis Biotic factors RT: Albumins Biotopes SN: Before 1982 search Clutch Community composition ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS Nesting Fauna UF: Biotic environment Nests Flora Density-dependent factors Habitat BT: Environmental factors Bird entanglement RT: Biotic barriers BT: Entanglement Biotechnology Density dependence SN: Engineering methods of Food availability Bird flight behaviour achieving biosynthesis of animal Group effects USE: Flight behaviour and plant products, including Interspecific relationships Stocking density

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Bird flying Block fillets Blood pressure USE: Flying USE: Fish fillets BT: Pressure RT: Blood circulation Bird navigation Blood Circulatory system USE: Animal navigation UF: Blood liquids Plasma (blood) Blood types Bird physiology BT: Body fluids USE: Blood groups USE: Avian physiology RT: Albumins Blood cells Blood vessels Birds (aquatic) Blood circulation UF: Arteries USE: Aquatic birds Blood groups Veins Blood vessels Venules Birds (marine) Circulatory system BT: Circulatory system USE: Marine birds Connective tissues RT: Blood Haematology Blood circulation Birnessite Haemocyanins Connective tissues BT: Oxide minerals Hypercapnia Haemorrhage Lipoproteins Heart Birth Myoglobins USE: Parturition Serological studies Blooms USE: Algal blooms Bisexuality Blood cells USE: Hermaphroditism UF: Haematoblasts Blowout control BT: Cells BT: Control Bismuth NT: Erythrocytes RT: Blowout preventers BT: Heavy metals Hepatocytes Blowouts RT: Bismuth compounds Leukocytes Bismuth isotopes Lymphocytes Blowout preventers Macrophages RT: Blowout control Bismuth compounds RT: Agglutinins Blowouts BT: Chemical compounds Antigens Wellheads RT: Bismuth Blood Cholesterol Blowouts Bismuth isotopes Haemoglobins SN: Pertains to oil and gas well BT: Isotopes Haemopoiesis blowouts RT: Bismuth UF: Gas well blowouts Blood chemistry Oil well blowouts Bitumens USE: Haematology RT: Blowout control UF: Pitch (mineral) Blowout preventers BT: Petroleum hydrocarbons Blood circulation Fire RT: Oil sands UF: Blood flow Fire hazards Petroleum residues BT: Circulation RT: Blood Blue whale unit Bladders Blood pressure UF: BWU SN: Any membrane sac containing Blood vessels RT: Quota regulations gas or fluid Circulatory system Whaling BT: Animal organs Heart Whaling regulations NT: Gall bladder Whaling statistics Swim bladder Blood diseases RT: Excretory organs USE: Haematological diseases Blueprints USE: Engineering drawings Blasting Blood flow SN: Controlled use of explosives USE: Blood circulation Boat dredges RT: Detonators USE: Dredges Explosions Blood groups Explosives SN: Types of blood classified on Boat seines the basis of the different antigens UF: Danish seines Blastospores present Pair seines USE: Spores UF: Blood types Scottish seines RT: Antigens BT: Seine nets Bleaching Blood RT: Beach seines SN: Bleaching of corals, etc.; not Haematology used for pulp mills Boating Blood liquids UF: Canoeing Blind spot USE: Blood Sailing USE: Retinas BT: Recreation NT: Yachting

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Boats Body regions Boil disease UF: Rafts UF: Animal body regions SN: Before 1982 search BT: Surface craft BT: Anatomical structures PARASITIC DISEASES NT: Canoes NT: Abdomen UF: Bubonic disease Catamarans Anus Fish furuncolosis Lifeboats Cephalothorax Furuncolosis Motor boats Head Red boil disease Row boats Thorax BT: Fish diseases RT: Dredges RT: Animal morphology RT: Bacterial diseases Animal organs Parasitic diseases BOD Body shape USE: Biochemical oxygen demand Body size Boiling point BT: Transition temperatures Body burden Body shape SN: The amount of radioactive RT: Body regions Boluses material present in the body of a Body size BT: Water mass intrusions human or animal Body weight RT: Cascading RT: Biological half life Length-weight relationships Overflow Pollutants Radioactive contamination Body size Bonding Radionuclide kinetics RT: Animal morphology USE: Adhesion Body regions Body cavities Body shape Bone necrosis SN: Before 1982 search BODY Body weight UF: Osteonecrosis CAVITY Length-weight relationships RT: Diving physiology NT: Coelom Underwater medicine Mantle cavity Body temperature RT: Body walls BT: Temperature Bones Haemolymph RT: Aestivation BT: Endoskeleton Heat balance NT: Skull Body conditions Hibernation Vertebrae UF: Fat content Homoiothermy RT: Calcification RT: Body weight Hyperthermia Connective tissues Condition factor Hypothermia Decalcification Nutritional requirements Metabolism Osteology Poikilothermy Otoliths Body deformations Thermal stimuli USE: Abnormalities Thermoregulation Bonito fisheries USE: Tuna fisheries Body fluids Body walls UF: Body liquids NT: Mantle Bony fins BT: Fluids RT: Body cavities UF: Bony rays NT: Bile Skin BT: Fins Blood RT: Exoskeleton Coelomic fluids Body waves Meristic counts Haemolymph SN: Use of a more specific term is Lymph recommended Bony rays Mucus BT: Seismic waves USE: Bony fins Serum NT: P-waves Urine S-waves Book catalogues RT: Amoebocytes SN: Use only for listings of books, Colloids Body weight periodicals, etc. issued by RT: Body conditions publishers and antiquarian Body liquids Body shape dealers USE: Body fluids Body size BT: Catalogues Body organs Length-weight relationships SN: A part of an organism that forms a Boomerang corers structural and functional unit Boehmite USE: Corers UF: Organs (body) BT: Oxide minerals BT: Anatomical structures Booms NT: Animal organs Bogs USE: Floating barriers Attachment organs USE: Marshes Plant organs Booster stations RT: Organ removal USE: Pump stations Organogenesis Regeneration Bora Transplants USE: Local winds

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Borate minerals Botanical resources Bottom Ekman layer UF: Borates UF: Algae resources BT: Ekman layers BT: Minerals Aquatic botanical resources RT: Benthic boundary layer NT: Borax Aquatic plant resources Benthic currents RT: Boron Plant resources Evaporites Seagrass resources Bottom erosion Seaweed resources UF: Deep-sea erosion Borates BT: Living resources Submarine erosion USE: Borate minerals RT: Aquatic plants Underwater erosion BT: Erosion Borax Botanists RT: Bottom currents BT: Borate minerals BT: Biologists Contour currents RT: Botany Current scouring Borderland (continental) Taxonomists Deep-sea furrows USE: Continental margins Hiatuses Botany Microtopography Boreholes UF: Phytology Seachannels UF: Drill holes BT: Biology Wave scouring RT: Cores NT: Algology Drilling RT: Aquatic plants Bottom features Hole re-entry Biogeography USE: Submarine features Well logging Botanists Palaeontology Bottom friction Borers Palynology UF: Bed friction USE: Boring organisms Phytoplankton BT: Friction Phytosociology RT: Bed roughness Bores Plant culture Bottom stress USE: Tidal bores Plant physiology Form drag Species River beds Bores in estuaries Taxonomy Tidal friction USE: Tidal bores Wave dissipation Bottle post Boric acid USE: Drift bottles Bottom load SN: Before 1982 search USE: Bed load INORGANIC ACIDS Bottom boundary layer BT: Inorganic acids USE: Benthic boundary layer Bottom mixed layer RT: Boron BT: Mixed layer Boron compounds Bottom cages RT: Benthic boundary layer USE: Submerged cages Bottom water Boring Deep layer USE: Drilling Bottom crawlers USE: Seabed vehicles Bottom photographs Boring organisms SN: Photographs of the seabed UF: Borers Bottom culture UF: Seabed photographs BT: Aquatic organisms UF: Seabed farming BT: Underwater photographs RT: Aquatic insects BT: Aquaculture techniques Bioerosion RT: Shellfish culture Bottom pressure Biological damage BT: Hydrostatic pressure Fouling organisms Bottom currents RT: Hurricanes SN: Before 1982 search DEEP Wave-seabed interaction Boron CURRENTS BT: Nonmetals UF: Near-bottom currents Bottom reverberation RT: Borate minerals BT: Water currents BT: Reverberation Boric acid NT: Abyssal currents RT: Bottom scattering Boron compounds Benthic currents Boron isotopes RT: Bottom erosion Bottom roughness Current scouring USE: Bed roughness Boron compounds Deep currents BT: Chemical compounds Density flow Bottom sampling RT: Boric acid Lake currents USE: Seafloor sampling Boron Ocean currents Organic compounds Scouring Bottom scattering Seabed drifters BT: Sound scattering Boron isotopes Sediment drifts RT: Bottom reverberation BT: Isotopes Shelf seas RT: Boron Subsurface currents Turbidity currents

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Bottom stress Bottom water Boundary currents UF: Bed shear stress SN: The water in the bottom layer of BT: Water currents Bed stress the sea, lakes, reservoirs or other NT: Eastern boundary currents BT: Stress (mechanics) water bodies. For deep water masses Western boundary currents RT: Bottom friction such as Antarctic Bottom Water, use RT: Ocean currents Drag DEEP-WATER MASSES Wind-driven currents Reynolds stresses BT: Water Boundary layers Sediment dynamics RT: Bottom mixed layer BT: Layers Sediment transport Deep-water masses NT: Atmospheric boundary layer Shear stress Surface water Benthic boundary layer Coastal boundary layer Bottom temperature Bottom water masses Ekman layers BT: Water temperature USE: Deep-water masses Laminar boundary layer RT: Potential temperature Oceanic boundary layer Botulism Turbulent boundary layer Bottom topography SN: Bacterial food-born intoxication RT: Heat transfer SN: The general configuration of UF: Botulism hazard Hydrodynamics the ocean floor BT: Bacterial diseases Interfaces UF: Ocean bottom topography Human diseases Ocean floor topography RT: Food poisoning Boundary line Sea floor topography Microbial contamination USE: Boundaries Underwater topography Neurotoxins BT: Topography (geology) Boundary value problems NT: Palaeotopography Botulism hazard UF: Initial value problems RT: Bathymetry USE: Botulism RT: Finite element method Bottom topography effects Numerical analysis Echosounding Boudinage Isobaths BT: Sedimentary structures Boussinesq approximation Morphometry RT: Deformation BT: Approximation Ocean basins Melanges Bowen ratio Ocean floor BT: Ratios Physiographic provinces Bouguer anomalies RT: Air-water exchanges Sediment distribution BT: Gravity anomalies Evaporation Submarine features RT: Bouguer gravity charts Heat budget Latent heat transfer Bottom topography effects Bouguer correction Sensible heat transfer SN: Influence of bottom USE: Gravity corrections Vapour pressure topography on general ocean Boxes circulation, currents and waves Bouguer gravity charts USE: Containers BT: Topographic effects BT: Gravity charts

RT: Abyssal circulation RT: Bouguer anomalies Bottom topography Brackish water BT: Water Ocean circulation Boulder clay RT: Brackishwater aquaculture Water currents UF: Till Brackishwater environment Wave refraction BT: Glacial deposits Brackishwater pollution RT: Clastics Bottom tow Rudites Brackishwater aquaculture BT: Pipeline construction SN: Referring to culture of fish and RT: Ocean floor Boulders other aquatic organisms in coastal BT: Clastics lagoons, deltas, estuaries and Bottom trapped waves Sedimentary rocks mangrove swamps USE: Trapped waves RT: Cobblestone UF: Brackishwater culture Glacial erratics Estuarine aquaculture Bottom trawling Rudites BT: Aquaculture UF: Dredging (catching methods) RT: Algal culture BT: Trawling Boundaries Bait culture RT: Bottom trawls UF: Boundary line Brackish water Demersal fisheries Territorial boundaries Brackishwater ecology NT: Fishery boundaries Brackishwater fish Bottom trawls International boundaries Brackishwater molluscs UF: Beam trawls (bottom) RT: Interfaces Cage culture Dragging nets Plate boundaries Estuarine organisms Otter trawls (bottom) Surfaces Extensive culture Pair trawls (bottom) Fish culture BT: Trawl nets Boundary conditions Seaweed culture RT: Bottom trawling RT: Mathematical models Shellfish culture Valliculture

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Brackishwater crab culture Branched chain saturated hydrocarbons Breeding USE: Crab culture USE: Acyclic hydrocarbons UF: Natural breeding NT: Inbreeding Brackishwater culture Breadth Induced breeding USE: Brackishwater aquaculture USE: Width Selective breeding RT: Aquaculture Brackishwater ecology Breaker zone Biological speciation BT: Ecology USE: Surf zone Breeding ponds RT: Aquatic communities Breeding seasons Brackishwater aquaculture Breakers Breeding sites Brackishwater environment BT: Breaking waves Breeding success Brackishwater fish RT: Rollers Brood care Brackishwater pollution Undertow Brood stocks Coastal lagoons Genetics Estuarine organisms Breaking waves Hybridization Mangrove swamps BT: Surface water waves Nesting NT: Breakers Phenology Brackishwater environment Spilling waves Photoperiodicity UF: Estuarine environment Surf Reproductive behaviour BT: Aquatic environment Whitecaps Reproductive cycle RT: Brackish water RT: Break-point bars Sexual maturity Brackishwater ecology Shoaling waves Sexual reproduction Coastal lagoons Surf zone Spawning Deltas Wave breaking Estuaries Wave crests Breeding cycle Eutrophic waters Wave dissipation USE: Reproductive cycle Inland water environment Waves on beaches Lagoons Breeding grounds Mangrove swamps Break-point bars USE: Breeding sites Marine environment BT: Nearshore bars RT: Beach profiles Breeding ponds Brackishwater fish Breaking waves BT: Fish ponds UF: Estuarine fish Deposition features RT: Breeding BT: Estuarine organisms Longshore bars Fish Breeding seasons RT: Anadromous migrations Breakwaters SN: Before 1982 use SPAWNING Brackishwater aquaculture BT: Coast defences SEASONS Brackishwater ecology NT: Riprap RT: Breeding Catadromous migrations Rubblemound breakwaters Nesting Estuarine fisheries RT: Barriers Sexual isolation Lagoon fisheries Coastal erosion Harbours Breeding sites Brackishwater molluscs Overtopping UF: Breeding grounds UF: Estuarine molluscs Sea walls RT: Breeding Molluscs (brackishwater) Wave damping Nesting Mollusks (brackishwater) Wave runup Nests BT: Estuarine organisms Shellfish Breathing apparatus Breeding stocks RT: Brackishwater aquaculture BT: Life support systems USE: Brood stocks Mollusc culture RT: Breathing mixtures Mollusc fisheries Diving equipment Breeding success Safety devices RT: Breeding Brackishwater organisms Scuba diving USE: Estuarine organisms Breezes Brackishwater pollution Breathing mixtures BT: Local winds UF: Estuarine pollution BT: Gases NT: Land breezes BT: Water pollution NT: Mixed gas Sea breezes RT: Brackish water RT: Breathing apparatus RT: Beaufort scale Brackishwater ecology Deep-sea diving Brain Saturation diving Bridges BT: Central nervous system Scuba diving UF: Rail bridges NT: Hypothalamus Road bridges Pineal organ Breccia RT: Pontoons RT: Ganglia BT: Clastics Tunnels Head RT: Conglomerates Nerves Rudites Skull Volcanic breccia

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Bright spot technology Parent stocks Budding BT: Seismic data processing BT: Stocks BT: Asexual reproduction RT: Seismic profiles RT: Breeding RT: Buds Brood care Gemmules Brightness temperature Fecundity Polyps USE: Surface radiation Hybridization Spores temperature Vegetative reproduction Brucite Brine BT: Oxide minerals Buds USE: Brines RT: Budding Brunt-Vaisala frequency Plant organs Brine shrimp culture UF: Buoyancy frequency Polyps UF: Artemia culture Stability frequency BT: Crustacean culture BT: Frequency Buffer capacity RT: Mass culture RT: Vertical stability USE: Buffers Zooplankton culture BTU Buffer solution Brine shrimp eggs USE: Calorimetry USE: Buffers BT: Eggs Bubble barriers Buffers Brines UF: Bubble breakwaters SN: Buffers occurring in natural UF: Brine BT: Barriers water or used in laboratory work BT: Solutions UF: Buffer capacity NT: Hot brines Bubble breakwaters Buffer solution RT: Chlorine compounds USE: Bubble barriers RT: Acidity Dissolved salts Alkalinity Fluorine compounds Bubble bursting Chemical reactions Saline water RT: Aerosols pH Sea ice Air-water exchanges Solutions Bubbles Brittleness Droplets Bulk carriers BT: Mechanical properties Electric charge UF: Ore carriers RT: Embrittlement Surface chemistry BT: Merchant ships RT: Cargoes Bromides Bubble disease BT: Bromine compounds UF: Gas bubble disease Bulk modulus RT: Halides Gas embolism BT: Elastic constants BT: Fish diseases RT: Compressibility Brominated hydrocarbons RT: Artificial aeration Deformation BT: Halogenated hydrocarbons Dissolved gases Elasticity RT: Bromine Exophthalmia Shear modulus

Bromine Bubbles Buoy dynamics BT: Halogens NT: Air bubbles USE: Buoy motion RT: Brominated hydrocarbons RT: Bubble bursting Bromine compounds Bubbling Buoy hull shapes Bromine isotopes Cavitation USE: Buoy hulls Debubbling Bromine compounds Buoy hulls BT: Halogen compounds Bubbling UF: Buoy hull shapes NT: Bromides RT: Aeration BT: Hulls RT: Bromine Bubbles NT: Discus-shaped buoys Debubbling Spar buoys Bromine isotopes RT: Buoys BT: Isotopes Bubonic disease RT: Bromine USE: Boil disease Buoy masts USE: Masts Brood care Bucket temperature RT: Aquaculture USE: Surface temperature Buoy mooring systems Breeding BT: Mooring systems Brood stocks Buckling RT: Buoy motion USE: Deformation Buoy systems Brood stocks Buoys SN: A population of specimens Buckling (pipe) Mooring recovery selected for reproduction USE: Pipe buckling purposes UF: Breeding stocks

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Buoy motion Buoyancy frequency By catch UF: Buoy dynamics USE: Brunt-Vaisala frequency SN: The catch taken incidentally BT: Motion during the capture of a species of RT: Buoy mooring systems Buoyancy materials specific interest to fishermen. Buoy motion effects BT: Materials Before 1986 search also BY- Cable dynamics RT: Buoyancy CATCH Ship motion UF: Additional catch Wave effects Buoyancy spheres By-catch USE: Buoyancy floats Non-target species Buoy motion effects RT: Byproducts SN: Effect of buoy motion on Buoyant jets Catch composition instruments and on instrument BT: Jets Catch/effort readings RT: Buoyancy flux Discards BT: Motion effects Density stratification Fish catch statistics RT: Buoy motion Outfalls Shellfish catch statistics Buoys Plumes Heave response Turbulent entrainment By catch Reduction Devices Heaving Water mixing USE: By-catch excluder devices Mooring motion effects Pitch response Buoys By-catch Pitching SN: Use of a more specific term is USE: By catch Roll resonance recommended Roll response NT: Data buoys By-catch excluder devices Rolling Fishing buoys SN: Device inserted in fishing gear Surge response Marker buoys to allow escapement, alive, of Surging Mooring buoys unwanted species (including Yaw response Navigational buoys medusae) or individuals Yawing Radio buoys (juveniles) or endangered species Sonobuoys (e.g. seals, turtles, dolphins). Buoy systems RT: Buoy hulls UF: BEDs RT: Buoy mooring systems Buoy mooring systems By catch Reduction Devices Buoys Buoy motion effects NT: Turtle excluder devices Floating structures Buoy systems Buoyancy Byproducts Buoyancy Buoyancy floats UF: By-products SN: Includes mechanisms in Drogues BT: Products organisms for buoyancy Masts RT: By catch BT: Physical properties Fish oils RT: Ballast Burial Industrial products Buoyancy floats USE: Burying Powdered products Buoyancy flux Processed fishery products Buoyancy materials Burrowing organisms Stickwater Buoys UF: Benthic infauna Wastes Density Endofauna Flotation BT: Aquatic organisms By-products Hydrostatic behaviour RT: Benthos USE: Byproducts Stability Bioturbation Swim bladder Burrows Byssus Water density Protective behaviour SN: In Mollusca Lamellibranchiata, a tuft of Buoyancy floats Burrows filaments secreted by a gland in UF: Buoyancy spheres RT: Burrowing organisms the foot and used for attachment Floats (buoyancy) Trace fossils UF: Byssus threads Subsurface buoyancy floats BT: Animal appendages RT: Ballast Burying RT: Secretion Buoyancy UF: Burial Buoys RT: Pipeline construction Byssus threads Pipeline protection USE: Byssus Buoyancy flux Trenching SN: The buoyant or submerged Cabaling weight of the fluid passing Business management USE: Cabbeling through a cross section in unit USE: Financial management time Butane RT: Buoyancy BT: Acyclic hydrocarbons Buoyant jets BWU USE: Blue whale unit

41 ASFA THESAURUS

Cabbeling Cadmium compounds Calcareous ooze SN: Mixing of two water masses BT: Chemical compounds UF: Ooze (calcareous) with identical insitu densities but RT: Cadmium BT: Oozes different insitu temperatures and NT: Foraminiferal ooze salinities, so that the resulting Cadmium isotopes Pteropod ooze mixture is denser than its BT: Isotopes RT: Calcium carbonates components. Before 1984 search RT: Cadmium Carbonate sediments also CABELLING Coccoliths UF: Cabaling Caenozoic Nannofossil ooze Cabelling USE: Cenozoic BT: Vertical water movement Calciferol RT: Mixing processes Caesium USE: Vitamin D Salinity UF: Cesium Water density BT: Alkali metal compounds Calcification Water masses Alkali metals SN: The formation of calcium salt Water mixing RT: Caesium isotopes deposits in a tissue Water temperature UF: Physiological calcification Caesium 137 BT: Biochemical phenomena Cabelling BT: Caesium isotopes RT: Bones USE: Cabbeling Decalcification Caesium isotopes Diagenesis Cable breaks BT: Isotopes Fossils USE: Submarine cable breaks NT: Caesium 137 Shells RT: Caesium Tissues Cable depressors Vitamin D BT: Depressors Cage construction RT: Oceanographic equipment USE: Gear construction Calcite Towed sensors BT: Carbonate minerals Towing lines Cage culture RT: Calcite dissolution SN: Culture of shellfish species and Calcitization Cable dynamics fish in fixed or floating cages Calcium carbonates BT: Dynamics UF: Basket culture Limestone RT: Buoy motion Net culture Cables Pen culture Calcite compensation depth Catenary BT: Aquaculture techniques USE: Carbonate compensation Wire rope RT: Brackishwater aquaculture depth Cages Cable laying Crustacean culture Calcite dissolution RT: Cable ships Fish culture BT: Dissolution Submarine cables Freshwater aquaculture RT: Calcite Intensive culture Carbonate compensation depth Cable ships Marine aquaculture BT: Ships Monoculture Calcitization RT: Cable laying Raft culture BT: Diagenesis Submarine cables Thermal aquaculture RT: Calcite Work platforms Dolomitization Cages Cables NT: Floating cages Calcium NT: Electric cables Submerged cages BT: Alkaline earth metals Guide lines RT: Aquaculture equipment RT: Calcium compounds Mooring lines Cage culture Calcium isotopes Riser cables Water hardness Streamers Caissons Towing lines BT: Offshore structures Calcium carbonates Umbilicals RT: Submersible platforms BT: Calcium compounds RT: Cable dynamics Underwater habitats Carbonates Catenary RT: Aragonite Chain Calcarenite Calcareous ooze Fairings BT: Carbonate rocks Calcite Ropes RT: Biocalcarenite Dolomitization Wire rope Limestone

Cadmium Calcareous deposits BT: Heavy metals USE: Carbonate sediments RT: Cadmium compounds Cadmium isotopes

42 ASFA THESAURUS

Calcium compounds Calved ice Canoes SN: Use of a specific compound is USE: Icebergs BT: Boats recommended RT: Canoe fisheries BT: Alkaline earth metal compounds Calving NT: Calcium carbonates SN: Formation of icebergs Canopies Calcium phosphates RT: Ablation RT: Shading Calcium sulphates Ice shelves RT: Calcium Icebergs Cans Coral USE: Containers Water hardness Cambrian SN: Before 1982 search also Cap rocks Calcium isotopes CAMBRIAN PERIOD RT: Diapirs BT: Isotopes BT: Palaeozoic Oil reservoirs RT: Calcium Salt domes Cameras Calcium phosphates BT: Photographic equipment Capacitance BT: Calcium compounds NT: Underwater cameras BT: Electrical properties Phosphates RT: Optical filters RT: Dielectric constant Photography Electric charge Calcium sulphates Television systems Electric impedance BT: Calcium compounds Sulphates Camouflage Capacitance wire wave recorders BT: Adaptations USE: Wave recorders Calcrete RT: Defence mechanisms BT: Carbonate rocks Mimicry Capacity RT: Conglomerates Protective behaviour BT: Dimensions NT: Carrying capacity Calculators Canals RT: Size BT: Electronic equipment SN: Restricted to artificial water Volume courses through a land area; used Calibration for navigation, irrigation, etc. Capacity (storage) SN: Methods for calibrating accuracy UF: Irrigation canals USE: Storage or reliability of equipment BT: Inland waters BT: Standardization NT: Interocean canals Capacity (volume) NT: Intercalibration Ship canals USE: Volume RT: Accuracy RT: Channels Efficiency Inlets (waterways) Cape rock lobster fisheries Equipment USE: Lobster fisheries Testing Cangronid fisheries USE: Shrimp fisheries Capelin fisheries Californium USE: Gadoid fisheries BT: Actinides Canned fishery products Transuranic elements USE: Canned products Capillarity RT: Californium isotopes SN: Physical capillary action Canned products associated with surface tension Californium isotopes SN: Fishery products preserved in UF: Capillary action BT: Isotopes cans by sterilization process Capillary phenomena RT: Californium UF: Canned fishery products RT: Air bubbles BT: Processed fishery products Capillary waves Calories RT: Canning Droplets SN: Before 1982 search Electrical properties NUTRITIVE VALUE Cannibalism Foams UF: Calories (nutrition) BT: Feeding behaviour Permeability RT: Calorimetry Porosity Food consumption Canning Surface films Nutritive value SN: Preservation of fishery products in Surface properties cans by sterilization process Surface tension Calories (nutrition) BT: Processing fishery products Viscosity USE: Calories RT: Canned products Capillary action Calorimetry Canoe fisheries USE: Capillarity UF: BTU BT: Fisheries Heat measurement RT: Artisanal fishing Capillary phenomena BT: Measurement Canoes USE: Capillarity RT: Calories Energy budget Canoeing USE: Boating

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Capillary waves Carbon Carbon isotopes UF: Surface tension waves BT: Nonmetals BT: Isotopes BT: Surface water waves NT: Inorganic carbon NT: Carbon 13 NT: Water ripples Organic carbon Carbon 14 RT: Capillarity RT: Carbon compounds RT: Carbon Gravity waves Carbon cycle Carbon isotope ratio Nonlinear waves Carbon isotopes Surface tension Carbon sinks Carbon monoxide Carbon/nitrogen ratio BT: Carbon compounds Capital investments Diamonds USE: Investments Hydrocarbons Carbon sinks RT: Carbon Capital resources Carbon 13 USE: Financial resources BT: Carbon isotopes Carbon sulphides RT: Radioactive tracers BT: Carbon compounds Radiocarbon dating Capsizing Sulphides BT: Marine accidents Radioisotopes Ship motion Carbon 14 Carbon/nitrogen ratio RT: Floating BT: Carbon isotopes BT: Ratios Instability Radioisotopes RT: Carbon Righting RT: Radioactive tracers Nitrogen Ship losses Radiocarbon dating Ship stability Carbonaceous deposits Wave effects Carbon assimilation USE: Organic sediments USE: Carbon fixation Captivity Carbon compounds Carbonate biogenic deposits RT: Acclimation BT: Chemical compounds USE: Carbonate sediments Acclimatization NT: Carbon dioxide Domestication Carbon monoxide Carbonate compensation depth Carbon sulphides UF: Calcite compensation depth Capture fisheries Carbonates Compensation depth (carbonate) USE: Fisheries RT: Carbon Compensation depth (oceans) Cyanides BT: Compensation depth Capture fishery economics Hydrocarbons RT: Calcite dissolution SN: Economics of exploiting wild Organic compounds Lysocline stocks. Before 1982 search FISHERY ECONOMICS Carbon cycle Carbonate minerals BT: Fishery economics BT: Nutrient cycles BT: Minerals RT: Carbon NT: Aragonite Carangid fisheries Carbon dioxide Calcite UF: Horse mackerel fisheries Transpiration Dolomite Jack fisheries Carbon dioxide Magnesite Scad fisheries BT: Atmospheric gases Siderite Yellow tail fisheries Carbon compounds BT: Fisheries RT: Carbon cycle Carbonate rocks RT: Marine fisheries Carbon fixation BT: Rocks Percoid fisheries Greenhouse effect NT: Beachrock Hypercapnia Biocalcarenite Carapace Photosynthesis Calcarenite SN: An exoskeletal shield covering Calcrete part or all of the dorsal surface of Carbon dioxide fixation Chalk an animal USE: Carbon fixation Dolostone BT: Exoskeleton Limestone Carbon dioxide poisoning RT: Cephalothorax RT: Carbonate sediments USE: Hypercapnia Chitin Coral reefs Carbon fixation Sedimentary rocks Carbohydrates SN: Before 1982 search BT: Organic compounds PHOTOSYNTHESIS Carbonate sediments NT: Glycogen UF: Carbon assimilation UF: Calcareous deposits Glycosides Carbon dioxide fixation Carbonate biogenic deposits Saccharides BT: Photosynthesis BT: Sediments RT: Agar RT: Carbohydrates RT: Calcareous ooze Alcohols Carbon dioxide Carbonate rocks Carbon fixation Chemical sediments Nutritive value Carbon isotope ratio Coccoliths Organic constituents BT: Ratios Pelagic sediments RT: Carbon isotopes

44 ASFA THESAURUS

Carbonates Careers Geography BT: Carbon compounds RT: Personnel Map graphics NT: Bicarbonates Map projections Calcium carbonates Cargo ships Mapping RT: Carbonic acid USE: Merchant ships Maps Salts Photogrammetry Water hardness Cargoes Surveying RT: Bulk carriers Surveys Carbonic acid Merchant ships BT: Organic acids Shipping Cascading RT: Carbonates Transportation BT: Vertical water movement RT: Boluses Carbonic anhydrase Caridean shrimp fisheries Overflow BT: Enzymes USE: Shrimp fisheries Slope processes

Carboniferous Carnallite Cassiterite SN: Before 1982 search BT: Halide minerals BT: Oxide minerals CARBONIFEROUS PERIOD RT: Placers BT: Palaeozoic Carnivores Tin BT: Heterotrophic organisms Carboxylation RT: Herbivores Cast nets BT: Chemical reactions Omnivores UF: Falling gear RT: Decarboxylation Plankton feeders BT: Fishing nets Predators Carboxylic acid salts Trophic levels Castration BT: Salts BT: Organ removal NT: Acetate Carotenes NT: Parasitic castration Citrates USE: Vitamin A RT: Sterility RT: Organic acids Testes Carotenoids Carboxylic acids BT: Chromatic pigments Castration by parasites USE: Organic acids RT: Photosynthesis USE: Parasitic castration Photosynthetic pigments Carcases CAT scan USE: Carcasses Carrageenins USE: Tomography BT: Seaweed products Carcasses RT: Agar Catabolism UF: Carcases Alginates BT: Metabolism Dead bodies RT: Anabolism RT: Stranding Carrying capacity SN: The maximum number of Catadromous fish Carcinogenesis organisms that can be sustained USE: Catadromous species SN: The production and within a given area or habitat development of cancer BT: Capacity Catadromous migrations RT: Carcinogens RT: Habitat UF: Downstream migrations Pollution effects BT: Spawning migrations Tumours Cartesian coordinates RT: Anadromous migrations USE: Coordinate systems Brackishwater fish Carcinogens Catadromous species RT: Carcinogenesis Cartilage Homing behaviour Chemical pollutants SN: A form of connective tissue of Potadromous migrations Diseases vertebrates. Before 1982 search Radioactive pollutants TISSUES Catadromous species BT: Connective tissues SN: Having the habit to migrate Carcinologists RT: Musculoskeletal system from fresh to salt water to spawn BT: Zoologists Skeleton UF: Amphihaline thalassotocous RT: Carcinology species Fishery biologists Cartographic methods Catadromous fish Taxonomists USE: Cartography Katadromous species BT: Amphihaline species Carcinology Cartography RT: Anadromous species BT: Invertebrate zoology UF: Cartographic methods Catadromous migrations RT: Carcinologists Oceanographic cartography NT: Automated cartography Catagenesis Carcinoma RT: Atlases RT: Diagenesis USE: Tumours Bathymetric surveys Sediments Geographical coordinates

45 ASFA THESAURUS

Catalogs Quota regulations Cathodic protection USE: Catalogues Stock assessment BT: Corrosion control Total allowable catch RT: Impressed currents Catalogues Sacrificial anodes UF: Catalogs Catch/effort Equipment catalogues UF: Catch per unit effort Cathodic stripping voltammetry BT: Documents Catch rate USE: Stripping analysis NT: Book catalogues Hook rate Inventories RT: By catch Cation exchange RT: Collections Catch statistics USE: Ion exchange Catchability Catalysis Fishery data Cation exchange capacity USE: Catalysts Fishing effort USE: Exchange capacity Fishing power Catalysts Stock assessment Cations UF: Catalysis BT: Ions BT: Agents Catchability RT: Electrolysis RT: Chemical kinetics UF: Catchability coefficient Exchange capacity Chemical reactions RT: Avoidance reactions Enzymatic activity Catch/effort Causticity Enzymes Catching methods USE: Alkalinity Inhibitors Escapement Vulnerability Caustics Catamarans RT: Orthogonals BT: Boats Catchability coefficient Wave refraction diagrams RT: Ship hulls USE: Catchability Cave fauna Catastrophes Catching methods USE: Cavernicolous species USE: Disasters UF: Fishing methods NT: Electric fishing Cavernicolous species Catastrophic waves Explosive fishing UF: Cave fauna BT: Water waves Fish poisoning BT: Species RT: Freak waves Fishing by diving RT: Caves Storm surges Light fishing Spelaeology Tsunamis Line fishing Net fishing Caves Catch composition Pot fishing SN: Restricted to marine RT: By catch Pump fishing subterranean environment Catch statistics Spear fishing UF: Sea caves Commercial species Trap fishing BT: Coastal landforms Multispecies fisheries Wounding RT: Cavernicolous species RT: Attracting techniques Cliffs Catch limit Catchability Spelaeology USE: Quota regulations Experimental fishing Fishery engineering Caviar Catch per unit effort Fishery technology SN: Sturgeon eggs detached from USE: Catch/effort Fishing roe, sorted, washed and salted, or Fishing gear fish roe prepared like caviar Catch quota Fishing technology UF: Caviar substitutes USE: Quota regulations BT: Roes Catchment area Catch rate RT: Lake basins Caviar substitutes USE: Catch/effort River basins USE: Caviar Runoff Catch statistics Watersheds Cavitation BT: Fishery statistics UF: Acoustic cavitation NT: Fish catch statistics Catenary BT: Turbulent flow Hunting statistics BT: Deflection RT: Acoustic properties Seaweed statistics RT: Cable dynamics Bubbles Shellfish catch statistics Cables Corrosion Whaling statistics Mooring lines Propellers RT: Catch composition Riser cables Vaporization Catch/effort Vortices Fishery data Cathodes Fishing effort BT: Electrodes Cavitation erosion Fishing time USE: Corrosion Landing statistics

46 ASFA THESAURUS

Cays Cell membranes Cellular convection UF: Keys (islands) UF: Cytoplasmic membranes UF: Thermal convection BT: Islands Membranes (cells) BT: Convection RT: Coral reefs Nuclear membranes RT: Atmospheric boundary layer Plasma membranes Mantle convection cDNA Plasmalemma Windrows BT: DNA BT: Cell constituents Membranes Cellulase Celestial navigation NT: Ion channels USE: Enzymes BT: Navigation RT: Biological membranes RT: Astronomy Cell walls Cellulose Inertial navigation Cytology SN: Before 1982 search Protoplasts CARBOHYDRATES Cell biology BT: Polysaccharides USE: Cytology Cell morphology BT: Organism morphology Cement (building material) Cell constituents RT: Cell constituents USE: Concrete NT: Cell membranes Cell differentiation Cell organelles Cytology Cementation Cell walls BT: Diagenesis Chromosomes Cell organelles RT: Clastics Cytoplasm SN: Specialized part of a cell Consolidation Nuclei having specific functions Lithification RT: Cell division UF: Cell flagella Submarine cements Cell morphology Chondriosomes Cells Contractile vacuole Cements (adhesives) Cytology Myoneme USE: Adhesives Histochemistry Organelles Cell counters BT: Cell constituents Cements (geology) BT: Counters NT: Golgi apparatus USE: Submarine cements RT: Cells Lysosomes Mitochondria Cenozoic Cell culture RT: Cytology SN: Before 1982 search BT: Laboratory culture CENOZOIC ERA RT: Cells Cell walls UF: Caenozoic Culture media SN: Outermost rigid layer of a BT: Geological time Phytoplankton culture plant cell NT: Quaternary Tissue culture BT: Cell constituents Tertiary RT: Cell membranes RT: Phanerozoic Cell differentiation UF: Differentiation (cells) Cells Census RT: Cell morphology NT: Amoebocytes RT: Biological data Cells Blood cells Biological sampling Cytology Neurons Data collections Cell division Receptors Sampling UF: Nuclear division Sexual cells Stock assessment BT: Reproduction RT: Anatomical structures Surveys NT: Meiosis Cell constituents Mitosis Cell counters Central nervous system RT: Cell constituents Cell culture UF: CNS Cell fusion Cell differentiation BT: Nervous system Cells Cell division NT: Brain Cytology Cell fusion Ganglia Cell inclusions Spinal cord Cell flagella Chloroplasts RT: Sense organs USE: Cell organelles Chromatophores Clones Centrifugal force Cell fusion Cytology BT: Forces RT: Cell division Extracellular RT: Acceleration Cells Histochemistry Centrifuges Necroses Centripetal force Cell inclusions Phagocytosis Centrifugation SN: Any non living material Protoplasts BT: Separation present in the cytoplasm, whether Tissues RT: Analytical techniques organic or inorganic Ultrastructure Centrifuges RT: Cells Water filtration Cytoplasm Water purification

47 ASFA THESAURUS

Centrifuges Chambers (one-atmosphere) Check lists BT: Laboratory equipment USE: Underwater habitats SN: Any relatively extensive list of RT: Centrifugal force a group of organisms by species Centrifugation Chandler wobble UF: Species composition Centripetal force RT: Earth rotation RT: Identification keys Pole tides Centripetal force Chelates BT: Forces Changes (time) UF: Chelating agents RT: Acceleration USE: Temporal variations Chelation Centrifugal force RT: Chemical compounds Centrifuges Changes of state Haemoglobins USE: Phase changes Metals Cephalopod fisheries Organic compounds UF: Cuttlefish fisheries Channel flow Octopus fisheries SN: Includes flow through pipes Chelating agents Squid fisheries and conduits USE: Chelates BT: Mollusc fisheries UF: Flow in channels RT: Marine fisheries Open channel flow Chelation Pot fishing BT: Fluid flow USE: Chelates Squid culture RT: Flowmeters Fluvial transport Chelatometric titration Cephalothorax Laminar flow USE: Titration BT: Body regions Sediment dynamics RT: Animal appendages Sediment transport Chemical activity Carapace Turbulent flow USE: Thermodynamic activity Thorax Unidirectional flow Chemical analysis Ceramics Channels UF: Chemical assays BT: Materials UF: Water channels BT: Analysis BT: Topographic features RT: Chemical composition Cerium NT: Navigational channels Hydrocarbon analysis BT: Lanthanides Rip channels Microscopy RT: Cerium compounds Seachannels Pollution detection Cerium isotopes RT: Canals Sediment analysis Dredgers Water analysis Cerium compounds Flumes Water samples BT: Chemical compounds Fluvial features X-ray spectroscopy RT: Cerium Inlets (waterways) Rivers Chemical assays Cerium isotopes Runnels USE: Chemical analysis BT: Isotopes Straits Chemical composition RT: Cerium Tidal inlets UF: Abundance (chemical) Valleys Chemical constituents Certification Water bodies BT: Composition RT: Ecolabelling Water currents NT: Feed composition Evaluation Food composition Performance assessment Channels (sound) RT: Chemical analysis Quality control USE: Sound channels Chemical elements Reliability Chemical properties Tests Chaos Chemotaxonomy

Cesium Chart datum Chemical compounds USE: Caesium BT: Datum levels SN: Use of a more specific term is RT: Maps recommended; consult NTs listed below Cetology NT: Actinide compounds BT: Mammalogy Charting (distributions) Alkali metal compounds RT: Aquatic mammals USE: Mapping Alkaline earth metal compounds Vocalization behaviour Aluminium compounds Charting (environmental conditions) Arsenic compounds Chain USE: Mapping Bismuth compounds RT: Cables Boron compounds Mooring lines Charting (navigational hazards) Cadmium compounds Ropes USE: Hydrographic surveying Carbon compounds Cerium compounds Chalk Charts (maps) Chromium compounds BT: Carbonate rocks USE: Maps Cobalt compounds RT: Coccoliths Copper compounds

48 ASFA THESAURUS

Cyanides Chemical reactions Germanium compounds Corrosion Chemical messengers Gold compounds Electrolysis USE: Hormones Halogen compounds Hydrolysis Hydrogen compounds Sewage treatment Chemical oceanography Inorganic compounds Sludge treatment UF: Marine chemistry Iron compounds Water pollution treatment BT: Oceanography Lead compounds RT: Chemical properties Manganese compounds Chemical elements Chemistry Mercury compounds SN: Use of a more specific term is Estuarine chemistry Molybdenum compounds recommended Water analysis Nickel compounds UF: Elements Nitrogen compounds Elements (chemical) Chemical oxygen demand Organic compounds NT: Metals BT: Oxygen demand Oxygen compounds Nonmetals RT: Biochemical oxygen demand Phosphorus compounds Rare gases Chemical properties Selenium compounds RT: Alloys Water analysis Silicon compounds Chemical composition Water quality Silver compounds Dissolved chemicals Sulphur compounds Electroanalysis Chemical plumes Technetium compounds Isotopes BT: Plumes Tin compounds Trace elements RT: Chemical pollution Titanium compounds Chemical spills Tungsten compounds Chemical engineering Uranium compounds BT: Engineering Chemical pollutants Vanadium compounds RT: Petroleum engineering SN: Any pollutants of chemical Volatile compounds origin (organic and inorganic) Zinc compounds Chemical equilibrium BT: Hazardous materials Zirconium compounds UF: Equilibrium constants Pollutants RT: Antioxidants BT: Equilibrium NT: Endocrine disruptors Aromatics RT: Chemical kinetics RT: Carcinogens Chelates Chemical reactions Chemical fertilizers Disinfectants Thermodynamic activity Chemical pollution Dissolved chemicals Thermodynamic equilibrium DDT Fixatives Detergents Inorganic acids Chemical extraction Industrial wastes Polymers SN: Extraction of fats, enzymes, Paints Salts seaweed products, oils, protein, PCB concentrates, stickwater, etc. Pesticides Chemical constituents UF: Extraction (chemical) Phenols USE: Chemical composition BT: Separation Phthalate esters RT: Animal oil extraction Chemical contamination Chemical pollution USE: Chemical pollution Chemical fertilizers UF: Chemical contamination SN: Chemical substances used to BT: Pollution Chemical control fertilize soils or aquatic enviromnent RT: Agricultural pollution SN: Use of chemicals to control BT: Fertilizers Chemical pollutants noxious organisms RT: Chemical pollutants Sediment pollution UF: Chemocontrol Nitrogen compounds Water pollution BT: Control Phosphorus compounds RT: Antifouling substances Chemical precipitation Pest control Chemical kinetics SN: Before 1982 search Plant control UF: Kinetics of chemical reactions PRECIPITATION (CHEMISTRY) Reaction kinetics UF: Precipitation (chemistry) Chemical cycles BT: Kinetics BT: Separation BT: Cycles RT: Catalysts NT: Coprecipitation NT: Biochemical cycles Chemical equilibrium Flocculation Geochemical cycle Chemical reactions RT: Chemical properties Chemical reactions Chemical defence Chemical limnology Coagulants NT: Allelopathy SN: Before 1982 search also Colloids RT: Protective behaviour LIMNOLOGY (CHEMICAL) Sedimentation UF: Limnology (chemical) Solubility Chemical degradation BT: Limnology Supersaturation BT: Degradation RT: Chemical properties RT: Biochemical cycles Estuarine chemistry Biogeochemical cycle Water analysis

49 ASFA THESAURUS

Chemical properties Redox potential Chemisorption BT: Properties Specificity USE: Sorption NT: Acidity Thermodynamic activity Alkalinity Titration Chemistry pH SN: Use of a more specific term is Redox potential Chemical receptors recommended Salinity USE: Chemoreceptors NT: Atmospheric chemistry Solubility Biochemistry RT: Chemical composition Chemical resistance Electrochemistry Chemical limnology USE: Control resistance Geochemistry Chemical oceanography Photochemistry Chemical oxygen demand Chemical sediments Radiochemistry Chemical precipitation SN: Search also AUTHIGENES Surface chemistry Chemical reactions before 1983 RT: Chemical oceanography Chemistry UF: Chemically precipitated sediments Chemical properties Electrical properties Hydrogenous sediments Chemical reactions Electrochemistry BT: Sediments Chemical speciation Luminescence NT: Concretions Molecular weight Ferruginous deposits Chemocontrol Physical properties Hydrothermal deposits USE: Chemical control Physicochemical properties Manganese deposits Sediment chemistry Metalliferous sediments Chemoreception Thermodynamic properties Nodules SN: Any sensory perception of ions Water properties Phosphate deposits or chemical compounds Submarine cements RT: Alarm substances Chemical reactions Sulphide deposits Chemical stimuli SN: Use of a more specific term is RT: Anhydrite Chemoreceptors recommended Authigenic minerals Chemotropism UF: Reactions (chemical) Carbonate sediments Olfaction NT: Amination Cherts Sense functions Autolysis Evaporites Carboxylation Mineral deposits Chemoreceptors Coagulation Organic sediments UF: Chemical receptors Corrosion Pelagic sediments BT: Sense organs Deamination Siliceous sediments RT: Chemical stimuli Decarboxylation Chemoreception Degradation Chemical speciation Olfactory organs Dehydration UF: Speciation (chemical) Taste organs Denitrification RT: Chemistry Depolymerization Chemosynthesis Dissociation Chemical spills RT: Biosynthesis Electrolysis BT: Accidents Nutrients (mineral) Fermentation RT: Chemical plumes Photosynthesis Halogenation Hydrolysis Chemical stimuli Chemotaxis Isomerization UF: Olfactory stimuli BT: Taxis Nitrification BT: Stimuli RT: Chemical stimuli Nitrogen fixation RT: Chemoreception Chemotropism Oxidation Chemoreceptors Olfactory organs Photochemical reactions Chemotaxis Polymerization Chemotropism Chemotaxonomy Redox reactions Olfactory organs SN: The classification of organisms Reduction on the basis of the distribution RT: Biochemical phenomena Chemical waste disposal and composition of their Buffers USE: Waste disposal chemical substances Catalysts UF: Molecular taxonomy Chemical degradation Chemically precipitated sediments BT: Taxonomy Chemical equilibrium USE: Chemical sediments RT: Chemical composition Chemical kinetics DNA Chemical precipitation Chemicals (fire fighting) Chemical properties USE: Fire extinguishers Chemotropism Chemiluminescence BT: Tropism Chemistry Chemiluminescence RT: Chemical stimuli Electrochemistry BT: Luminescence Chemoreception Ion association RT: Bioluminescence Chemotaxis Ion exchange Chemical reactions Photosynthesis Phosphorescence

50 ASFA THESAURUS

Chenier plains Chlorinated hydrocarbons Chlorophylls BT: Coastal landforms BT: Halogenated hydrocarbons BT: Photosynthetic pigments RT: Cheniers NT: Aldrin RT: Chloroplasts Chloroform Porphyrins Cheniers DDE BT: Beach ridges DDT Chloroplasts RT: Chenier plains Dieldrin RT: Cells Wetlands Dioxins Chlorophylls Furans Chromatophores Chertification Lindane Photosynthetic pigments RT: Cherts Trichloroethylene Diagenesis RT: Pesticides Chlorosity Metasomatism SN: Chlorinity in grams/litre Silicification Chlorination BT: Salinity SN: Sterilization of water with RT: Chlorinity Cherts chlorine or chlorine compounds Water density BT: Siliceous rocks UF: Chlorinators RT: Chemical sediments BT: Halogenation Cholesterol Chertification RT: Chlorine BT: Sterols Concretions Dechlorination RT: Blood cells Nodules Disinfection Silica Sewage treatment Choline Water purification BT: Alcohols Chi square test RT: Lipids USE: Statistical analysis Chlorinators USE: Chlorination Cholinesterase inhibitors Chicken-fish culture UF: Anticholinesterases USE: Agropisciculture Chlorine BT: Enzyme inhibitors BT: Halogens RT: Muscles Chilled fishery products RT: Chlorination USE: Chilled products Chlorine compounds Cholocalciferol Chlorine isotopes USE: Vitamin D Chilled products Dechlorination UF: Chilled fishery products Disinfectants Chondriosomes BT: Processed fishery products USE: Cell organelles RT: Chilling storage Chlorine compounds Frozen products BT: Halogen compounds Chordate zoology Refrigeration NT: Chlorides USE: Vertebrate zoology RT: Brines Chilling storage Chloric acid Chorology BT: Cold storage Chlorine USE: Biogeography RT: Chilled products Chlorinity Refrigeration Dissolved salts Christmas trees Fluorine compounds USE: Wellheads Chimaeras fisheries Organic compounds USE: Shark fisheries Chromatic adaptations Chlorine isotopes BT: Adaptations Chitin BT: Isotopes RT: Chromatic behaviour BT: Mucopolysaccharides RT: Chlorine Chromatic pigments RT: Carapace Colour Chitosan Chlorinity Cuticles SN: Measured chemical value of the Chromatic behaviour Exoskeleton amount of chloride in sea water BT: Behaviour Glucosamine BT: Salinity RT: Chromatic adaptations RT: Chlorine compounds Chromatic pigments Chitosan Chlorosity Chromatophores RT: Chitin Fluorine compounds Light effects Water density Protective behaviour Chloric acid Chromatic pigments BT: Inorganic acids Chlorite BT: Pigments RT: Chlorine compounds BT: Clay minerals NT: Carotenoids Fluorine compounds RT: Slates RT: Albinism Chlorides Chromatic adaptations BT: Chlorine compounds Chloroform Chromatic behaviour NT: Ammonium chloride BT: Chlorinated hydrocarbons Chromatophores Sodium chloride RT: Methane Colour RT: Halides Discolouration

51 ASFA THESAURUS

Chromatographic analysis Chronometers Clam fisheries USE: Chromatographic techniques UF: Clocks UF: Arkshell fisheries Time measuring equipment Cockle fisheries Chromatographic techniques Timing devices Quahog fisheries UF: Chromatographic analysis BT: Measuring devices BT: Mollusc fisheries Chromatography RT: Geochronometry RT: Clam culture BT: Analytical techniques Chronostratigraphy NT: Gas chromatography BT: Stratigraphy Clapotis RT: Adsorption USE: Standing waves Colorimetric techniques Ciguatera HPLC BT: Human diseases Classification Light absorption RT: Ciguatoxin NT: Cladistics Spectroscopic techniques Poisonous fish Optical classification Taxonomy Chromatography Ciguatoxin RT: Classification systems USE: Chromatographic techniques BT: Biological poisons RT: Ciguatera Classification (biological) Chromatophores Poisonous fish USE: Taxonomy UF: Erytrophores Melanophores Cilia Classification systems Xanthophores BT: Animal appendages SN: Systems for classification of RT: Cells RT: Flagella inanimate objects or ecological or Chloroplasts Locomotion biological attributes of organisms Chromatic behaviour RT: Classification Chromatic pigments Circadian rhythms SN: Pertaining to 24-hour Clastic deposits Chromite biological cycle USE: Clastics BT: Oxide minerals UF: Diurnal rhythms RT: Chromium BT: Biological rhythms Clastic rocks Placers RT: Diurnal variations USE: Clastics Moon phases Chromium Photoperiods Clastic sediments BT: Heavy metals Phototropism USE: Clastics Transition elements RT: Chromite Circulation Clastics Chromium compounds SN: Use of a more specific term is SN: Before 1982 search CLASTIC Chromium isotopes recommended SEDIMENTS Heavy minerals NT: Atmospheric circulation UF: Clastic deposits Blood circulation Clastic rocks Chromium compounds Water circulation Clastic sediments BT: Chemical compounds RT: Advection BT: Sediments RT: Chromium NT: Arenites Circulatory system Bentonite Chromium isotopes UF: Vascular system Boulders BT: Isotopes BT: Anatomical structures Breccia RT: Chromium NT: Blood vessels Clays Heart Cobblestone Chromosome mutations RT: Blood Contourites USE: Mutations Blood circulation Flysch Blood pressure Gravel Chromosome numbers Marlstone USE: Chromosomes Citrates Mud BT: Carboxylic acid salts Chromosomes Mudstone Pebbles UF: Chromosome numbers Civil engineering Karyomites Sand BT: Engineering Sandstone BT: Cell constituents RT: Coastal engineering NT: Genes Shale RT: Genomes Cladistics Shingle Histones BT: Classification Silt Karyology RT: Taxonomy Siltstone Karyotypes Turbidites Meiosis Clam culture RT: Alluvial deposits Mitosis SN: Before 1982 search Boulder clay Mutations MOLLUSC CULTURE Cementation Polyploids BT: Mollusc culture Detrital deposits Sex determination RT: Clam fisheries Eolian deposits Spat Glacial deposits

52 ASFA THESAURUS

Radiolarite Climate prediction Phenology Tephra BT: Prediction Seasons Terrigenous sediments RT: Climate Winds Weather forecasting Clay minerals Climax community BT: Silicate minerals Climatic changes SN: A stable community by climax NT: Chlorite NT: Global warming formation as consequence of a Illite RT: Air pollution successional series of ecological Kaolin Atmospheric chemistry changes Kaolinite Climate RT: Aquatic communities Montmorillonite Climatology Community composition Nontronite Deglaciation Dominant species Palygorskite Earth rotation Ecological associations Saponite Eustatic changes Ecological succession Smectite Glaciation Species diversity Vermiculite Greenhouse effect RT: Bauxite Long-term changes Clines Clays Mass extinctions NT: Ecoclines Palaeoclimate Geoclines Clay soils Palaeotemperature RT: Halocline USE: Clays Sea level changes Lysocline Solar constant Thermocline Clays Solar-terrestrial activity UF: Clay soils Clinoptilonite BT: Clastics Climatic data BT: Zeolites NT: Colloidal clay UF: Climatological data Pelagic clay BT: Meteorological data Cloaca RT: Argillaceous deposits RT: Climate RT: Intestines Clay minerals Climatological charts Urinary system Kaolin Climatology Marl Clocks Mud Climatic maps USE: Chronometers Sediment load USE: Climatological charts Clones Cleaning Climatic zones SN: Groups of organisms NT: Tank cleaning SN: Mainly related to hydroclimate genetically identical RT: Pigging NT: Polar zones RT: Asexual reproduction Subtropical zones Cells Cleaning behaviour Temperate zones Cloning BT: Behaviour RT: Arid environments Genetics RT: Symbiosis Climate Parthenogenesis Climatology Clear air turbulence Seasons Cloning USE: Atmospheric turbulence RT: Asexual reproduction Climatological charts Clones Cliffs UF: Climatic maps BT: Coastal landforms BT: Maps Closed recirculating systems RT: Caves RT: Climatic data USE: Recirculating systems Fault scarps Oceanographic atlases Wave-cut platforms Wave climate Closed seasons Wind roses USE: Season regulations Climate NT: Hydroclimate Climatological data Closure approximation Palaeoclimate USE: Climatic data BT: Approximation Weather RT: Climate prediction Climatologists Cloud cover Climatic changes USE: Meteorologists UF: Cloudiness Climatic data RT: Clouds Climatic zones Climatology Insolation Climatology BT: Atmospheric sciences Solar radiation Ocean-atmosphere system NT: Bioclimatology Terrestrial radiation Phenology Palaeoclimatology Weather Rainfall RT: Climate Seasons Climatic changes Cloud height Solar radiation Climatic data BT: Height Wave climate Climatic zones RT: Clouds Winds Geography

53 ASFA THESAURUS

Cloud physics Coarse fish Coastal engineering BT: Atmospheric physics SN: Freshwater fish not belonging BT: Engineering RT: Clouds to the family Salmonidae RT: Civil engineering BT: Freshwater fish Coast defences Cloudiness Coastal structures USE: Cloud cover Coast accretion Coastal zone management USE: Progradation Geotechnology Clouds Marine technology UF: Cumulus Coast defences River engineering BT: Hydrometeors SN: Before 1982 search also Shore protection NT: Fog COASTAL STRUCTURES Structural engineering RT: Atmospheric precipitations BT: Coastal structures Cloud cover NT: Breakwaters Coastal environment Cloud height Groynes USE: Coastal zone Cloud physics Sea walls Weather Storm surge barriers Coastal erosion RT: Beach erosion UF: Shoreline erosion Clupeoid fisheries Coastal engineering BT: Erosion UF: Anchovy fisheries Coastal zone NT: Beach erosion Herring fisheries Coastal zone management RT: Breakwaters Pilchard fisheries Shore protection Coastal landforms Sardine fisheries Coastal zone Sardinella fisheries Coast effect Coasts Sprat fisheries RT: Electrical exploration Deltas BT: Finfish fisheries Gravity exploration Land reclamation RT: Bait fisheries Magnetic exploration Retrogradation Coastal fisheries Magnetotelluric methods Sediment transport Telluric currents Shore protection Clutch UF: Clutch size Coast protection Coastal erosion features RT: Bird eggs USE: Shore protection USE: Erosion features Hatching Nesting Coastal aquaculture Coastal fisheries Nests USE: Marine aquaculture BT: Fisheries RT: Artisanal fishing Clutch size Coastal boundary layer Clupeoid fisheries USE: Clutch BT: Boundary layers Crustacean fisheries RT: Coastal jets Echinoderm fisheries Cnoidal waves Lake dynamics Estuarine fisheries BT: Shallow water waves Nearshore dynamics Fishing barriers RT: Surface gravity waves Lake fisheries Coastal circulation Marine fisheries CNS USE: Shelf dynamics Percoid fisheries USE: Central nervous system Scallop fisheries Coastal countercurrents Coagulants BT: Countercurrents Coastal geodesy UF: Coagulators RT: Coastal currents BT: Geodesy BT: Agents Coastal upwelling RT: Marine geodesy RT: Anticoagulants Shelf dynamics Chemical precipitation Undercurrents Coastal inlets Coagulation UF: Voes Drugs Coastal countries BT: Coastal landforms USE: Coastal states Coastal waters Coagulation NT: Bays BT: Chemical reactions Coastal currents Drowned valleys RT: Biochemical oxygen demand BT: Water currents Estuaries Coagulants RT: Coastal countercurrents Fjords Flotation Coastal oceanography Inlets (waterways) Water treatment Nearshore currents Tidal inlets Upwelling RT: Coastal lagoons Coagulators Wind-driven currents Coastal oceanography USE: Coagulants Coastal zone Coastal currents (littoral) Coasts Coal USE: Nearshore currents BT: Fossil fuels Coamplitude lines Coastal dunes USE: Isopleths USE: Dunes

54 ASFA THESAURUS

Coastal jets Coastal reclamation Coastal states BT: Jets USE: Land reclamation Coastal waters RT: Coastal boundary layer Coastal zone management Lake currents Coastal states Coasts Lake dynamics UF: Coastal countries Littoral zone Longshore currents Coastal nations Marine environment Nearshore dynamics Littoral states Riparian zone Shelf dynamics Sea states (countries) Tidal flats BT: Countries Coastal lagoons RT: Coastal zone Coastal zone management UF: Haff Exclusive economic zone UF: Coastal planning BT: Lagoons Extended jurisdiction BT: Ecosystem management RT: Barrier islands Landlocked states NT: Integrated coastal zone management Barrier spits Territorial waters Shore protection Brackishwater ecology RT: Coast defences Brackishwater environment Coastal structures Coastal engineering Coastal inlets BT: Hydraulic structures Coastal structures Coastal waters NT: Coast defences Coastal zone Sabkhas Piers Dune stabilization Port installations Lake reclamation Coastal landforms RT: Barrages Land reclamation UF: Coastal topographic features Coastal engineering Shoreline features Coastal zone management Coastguards BT: Landforms Design wave RT: Surveillance and enforcement NT: Barrier islands Harbours Beaches Shore protection Coastlines Caves USE: Coasts Chenier plains Coastal topographic features Cliffs USE: Coastal landforms Coasts Coastal inlets UF: Coastlines Deltas Coastal trapped waves Sea coast Headlands USE: Trapped waves Seacoast Palaeoshorelines Shorelines Rocky shores Coastal upwelling BT: Landforms Stacks BT: Upwelling NT: Emergent shorelines Tidal flats RT: Coastal countercurrents Relict shorelines RT: Coastal erosion Eastern boundary currents Strandlines Coastal morphology El Nino phenomena Submerged shorelines Drowned valleys Shelf dynamics RT: Beaches Trade winds Coastal erosion Coastal morphology Coastal inlets UF: Morphology (coastal) Coastal waters Coastal waters BT: Geomorphology UF: Inshore waters Coastal zone NT: Beach morphology BT: Water bodies Deltas RT: Coastal landforms NT: Coastal inlets Dunes Lake shores Straits Progradation Progradation RT: Coastal lagoons Regressions Retrogradation Coastal oceanography Retrogradation Coastal zone Rip currents Coastal nations Coasts Riparian environments USE: Coastal states Littoral zone Rocky shores Marginal seas Transgressions Coastal oceanography Nearshore dynamics UF: Nearshore oceanography Shelf dynamics Coating materials BT: Oceanography UF: Coatings RT: Coastal currents Coastal zone Protective coatings Coastal inlets SN: The band of dry land and BT: Materials Coastal waters adjacent ocean space in which NT: Paints Estuarine dynamics land ecology and use directly Plastic coatings Nearshore currents affect ocean space ecology and Primers Nearshore dynamics use, and vice versa RT: Antifouling substances Shelf dynamics UF: Coastal environment Coating processes Nearshore environment Fouling control Coastal planning RT: Beaches USE: Coastal zone management Coast defences Coastal erosion Coastal inlets

55 ASFA THESAURUS

Coating processes Coefficient of eddy viscosity Cold resistance RT: Coating materials USE: Eddy viscosity coefficient UF: Frost resistance Corrosion control BT: Biological resistance Fouling control Coefficients RT: Cold shock NT: Exchange coefficients Cryobiology Coatings RT: Constants Temperature tolerance USE: Coating materials Kurtosis Ratios Cold season Coaxial cables Skewness BT: Seasons BT: Electric cables RT: Air temperature RT: Submarine cables Coelom Water temperature BT: Body cavities Winter Cobalt RT: Amoebocytes BT: Heavy metals Coelomic fluids Cold shock Transition elements BT: Temperature effects RT: Cobalt compounds Coelomic fluids RT: Cold resistance Cobalt isotopes BT: Body fluids Heat shock Ferromanganese nodules RT: Coelom Cold storage Cobalt compounds Coenobia UF: Refrigeration storage BT: Chemical compounds USE: Colonies BT: Storage RT: Cobalt NT: Chilling storage Coenzymes Freezing storage Cobalt isotopes UF: Glutathione RT: Fish storage BT: Isotopes BT: Enzymes Refrigeration RT: Cobalt NT: Cytochromes Refrigerators RT: Vitamins Cobbles Cold tolerance USE: Cobblestone Coherent Light Detection and USE: Temperature tolerance Rangefinding Cobblestone USE: Lidar Cold water diseases UF: Cobbles USE: Peduncle disease BT: Clastics Cohesionless sediments Sedimentary rocks UF: Non-cohesive sediments Cold water masses RT: Boulders BT: Sediments BT: Water masses Rudites RT: Cohesive sediments RT: Temperature sections Fluidized sediment flow Thermal stratification Coccoliths Grain flow Water temperature SN: Minute calcareous plates of Gravel algal, protozoan or protist origin Silt Collagen RT: Calcareous ooze Turbidity currents BT: Proteins Carbonate sediments RT: Connective tissues Chalk Cohesive sediments Nannofossil ooze BT: Sediments Collapse strength RT: Cohesionless sediments BT: Strength Cockle fisheries Mud RT: Deformation USE: Clam fisheries Shear strength Yield point Soil mechanics Cod fisheries Vane shear testing Collected papers USE: Gadoid fisheries UF: Festschriften Cohort analysis Honour volumes Codends USE: Virtual population analysis BT: Documents

Codes of practice Cohorts Collecting devices USE: Standards RT: Ecological associations SN: Devices for collection of aquatic organisms Codex alimentarius Cold blooded animals NT: Bacteria collecting devices USE: Codex standards USE: Poikilothermy Benthos collecting devices Nekton collecting devices Codex standards Cold branding Plankton collecting devices SN: International standards for fish SN: Marking fish with liquid nitrogen RT: Biological sampling and fishery products UF: Freeze branding Limnological equipment UF: Codex alimentarius Kryogenic marking Oceanographic equipment BT: Standards BT: Marking Samplers RT: Fish inspection regulations Sediment traps Processing fishery products Cold fronts USE: Atmospheric fronts

56 ASFA THESAURUS

Collections Settling behaviour Commercial fishing SN: Use of a more specific term is Substrate preferences SN: Any activities of fishing or recommended harvesting of aquatic organisms NT: Biological collections Color for commercial purposes Data collections USE: Colour BT: Fishing Geological collections NT: Foreign fishing Mineral collections Coloration Overfishing Museum collections USE: Colour Underfishing Sediment collections RT: Commercial species RT: Catalogues Colorimetric techniques Fishery industry UF: Colorimetry Collision avoidance BT: Analytical techniques Commercial land use RT: Collisions RT: Chromatographic techniques USE: Land use Navigation regulations Colour Radar navigation Light measurement Commercial legislation Traffic management Photometry SN: Before 1982 search Spectroscopic techniques MARKETING LEGISLATION Collisions UF: Marketing legislation UF: Impacts Colorimetry BT: Legislation BT: Accidents USE: Colorimetric techniques NT: Fish inspection regulations RT: Collision avoidance RT: Pricing Ship losses Colour Quality control Sinking UF: Color Coloration Commercial organizations Colloidal clay BT: Optical properties USE: Companies BT: Clays NT: Water colour Suspended inorganic matter RT: Chromatic adaptations Commercial species RT: Colloids Chromatic pigments SN: Animal or vegetal aquatic Colorimetric techniques species of commercial value Colloids Discolouration UF: Economic species UF: Dispersions (chemical) Spectral composition BT: Species NT: Aerosols NT: Underutilized species Gels Columbium RT: Catch composition RT: Agar USE: Niobium Commercial fishing Body fluids Chemical precipitation Commensalism Commercialization Colloidal clay BT: Interspecific relationships USE: Marketing Dialysis RT: Commensals Electrophoresis Epizoites Comminuted products Emulsions Parasites USE: Minced products Enzymes Symbiosis Flocculation Commodity statistics Foams Commensals USE: Industrial products Suspended particulate matter RT: Commensalism statistics Turbidity Symbionts Common names Colloquia Commerce USE: Vernacular names USE: Conferences RT: Economics Trade Common property resources Colonies SN: Natural resources held or used UF: Coenobia Commercial aquaculture by all who choose to do so RT: Colonization USE: Aquaculture enterprises UF: Open access resources Ecological associations BT: Natural resources Gemmules Commercial availability RT: Fishing capacity Introduced species SN: Commercial availability of primary and secondary fishery Common salt Colonisation products USE: Sodium chloride USE: Colonization BT: Availability Communicable diseases Colonization Commercial exploitation USE: Infectious diseases UF: Colonisation USE: Exploitation RT: Biological settlement Communication Colonies Commercial fisheries NT: Animal communication Ecosystem resilience USE: Fisheries Satellite communication Habitat selection RT: Communication systems Introduced species Speech distortion Seeding (aquaculture)

57 ASFA THESAURUS

Communication satellites Compasses Compliant platforms BT: Satellites UF: Magnetic compasses USE: Guyed towers RT: Satellite communication BT: Direction indicators Measuring devices Compliant towers Communication systems Navigational aids USE: Guyed towers SN: Before 1982 search also NT: Gyrocompasses COMMUNICATION DEVICES RT: Surveying Components UF: Telecommunications RT: Equipment NT: Radio Compensation depth Materials Telephone systems SN: Zone in aquatic environment where Television systems just enough light penetrates for the rate Composite cultures Telex of photosynthesis to equal the rate of USE: Polyculture RT: Communication respiration Diving equipment UF: Compensation level Composite materials Microwaves NT: Carbonate compensation depth BT: Materials Radio buoys RT: Aerobic respiration Standard signals Euphotic zone Composition Submarine cables Light penetration SN: The nature of the elements Telemetry Photosynthesis present in a substance or Primary production organism and the proportion in Communities (ecological) which they occur. Use of a more USE: Aquatic communities Compensation depth (carbonate) specific term is recommended USE: Carbonate compensation NT: Biochemical composition Community composition depth Chemical composition BT: Composition Community composition RT: Aquatic communities Compensation depth (isostasy) Mineral composition Biocoenosis USE: Isostasy Sediment composition Biological surveys RT: Major constituents Biota Compensation depth (oceans) Climax community USE: Carbonate compensation depth Composts Dominant species BT: Organic fertilizers Ecological succession Compensation level Species diversity USE: Compensation depth Compound eyes BT: Eyes Community diversity Competition USE: Species diversity UF: Biological competition Compounds (organic) BT: Interspecific relationships USE: Organic compounds Community fishing RT: Associated species SN: A fishing activity exerted in Biotic pressure Compressed gas public or communal waters Competitive behaviour BT: Gases generally designed to meet Competitors RT: Compressors community needs Dominance hierarchies USE: Sport fishing Food availability Compressibility Natural selection BT: Mechanical properties Community planning Overcrowding RT: Bulk modulus BT: Planning Prey selection Compression Elasticity Compaction Competitive behaviour Plasticity BT: Diagenesis BT: Behaviour Porosity RT: Bearing capacity RT: Competition Consolidation Competitors Compression Lithification Home range BT: Stress (mechanics) Porosity Territoriality RT: Compressibility Settlement (structural) Deformation Soil mechanics Competitors Lithification RT: Competition Pressure Companies Competitive behaviour UF: Commercial organizations Predators Compression chambers BT: Organizations USE: Decompression chambers Completion (well) Comparative studies USE: Well completion Compression tables RT: Cost analysis USE: Decompression tables Complex lipids Compartmental models UF: Glycolipids Compressional wave velocities USE: Mathematical models Phospholipids BT: Seismic velocities Sphingolopids RT: P-waves BT: Lipids

58 ASFA THESAURUS

Compressional waves (seismic) Conch culture Conduction (heat) USE: P-waves USE: Mollusc culture USE: Heat conduction

Compressive strength Conch fisheries Conductive heat transfer BT: Strength USE: Gastropod fisheries USE: Heat conduction RT: Poisson's ratio Conchology Conductivity (electrical) Compressors SN: The branch of zoology dealing USE: Electrical conductivity UF: Air compressors with shells of animals (molluscs, RT: Compressed gas brachiopods,etc.) Conductivity (thermal) Diving equipment BT: Zoology USE: Thermal conductivity RT: Malacology Computation Shells Conductivity probes RT: Computer programs USE: Conductivity sensors Mathematics Concrete Models UF: Cement (building material) Conductivity ratio BT: Construction materials BT: Ratios Computed tomography NT: Prestressed concrete RT: Electrical conductivity USE: Tomography Reinforced concrete RT: Concrete structures Conductivity sensors Computer aided cartography UF: Conductivity probes USE: Automated cartography Concrete platforms Electrical conductivity sensors USE: Concrete structures BT: Sensors Computer models RT: CTD profilers USE: Mathematical models Concrete structures Electrical conductivity SN: Before 1986 search also Salinity measuring equipment Computer programmes CONCRETE PLATFORMS STD profilers USE: Computer programs UF: Concrete platforms BT: Structures Conductivity-temperature-depth Computer programs RT: Concrete observations SN: Before 1986 search also Offshore structures USE: CTD observations COMPUTER PROGRAMMES Steel structures UF: Computer programmes Conductivity-temperature depth RT: Algorithms Concretions profilers Artificial intelligence SN: Use only for mineral deposits USE: CTD profilers Computation formed within sediments Computers UF: Crusts (rocks) Conductivity-temperature-depth Data processing Encrustations profilers Linear programming BT: Chemical sediments USE: CTD profilers Numerical analysis RT: Cherts System analysis Nodules Conferences Ooids SN: Use only to index the Computerized axial tomography Oolites monographic entry for bound USE: Tomography Sedimentary structures proceedings, and general reports on meetings; do not use for Computers Condensate fields individual (analytic) conference SN: Before 1985 search also USE: Gas condensate fields papers MINICOMPUTERS UF: Colloquia UF: Microcomputers Condensation Meetings Minicomputers BT: Phase changes Proceedings Shipboard computers RT: Dew point Seminars BT: Electronic equipment Evaporation Symposia RT: Automation Hydrometeors Workshops Computer programs Saturation RT: Exhibitions Data processing Sublimation Lectures Data storage Vaporization heat Organizations Microprocessors Vapour pressure Robots Water vapour Configuration Concessions USE: Shape SN: Use only for rights to exploit Condition factor or explore for mineral resources UF: Ponderal index Conflict of interests UF: Mineral rights BT: Population factors USE: Disputes BT: Licences RT: Body conditions RT: Mineral exploration Growth Conflicts Mining legislation Length-weight relationships USE: Disputes Oil and gas exploration Conductance (electrical) Oil and gas legislation USE: Electrical conductivity

59 ASFA THESAURUS

Conglomerates Conservation of angular momentum Constants RT: Breccia BT: Conservation of momentum NT: Association constants Calcrete RT: Angular momentum Elastic constants Kimberlites Conservation of vorticity Solar constant Stability constants Conidia Conservation of energy RT: Coefficients SN: Asexually formed spores BT: Conservation principles Ratios produced by fungi RT: Energy BT: Spores Construction RT: Asexual reproduction Conservation of heat UF: Assembling Fungi BT: Conservation principles NT: Installation RT: Heat Pipeline construction Conjugation Heat transport RT: Construction materials RT: Sexual reproduction Conservation of mass Construction materials Connecting BT: Conservation principles BT: Materials UF: Coupling (joining components) RT: Equation of continuity NT: Concrete Tie-in Mass RT: Construction RT: Connectors Fibre glass Pipeline construction Conservation of momentum UF: Momentum conservation Consultants Connective tissues BT: Conservation principles BT: Personnel BT: Tissues NT: Conservation of angular RT: Experts NT: Cartilage momentum Scientific personnel RT: Blood RT: Momentum Blood vessels Consumers Bones Conservation of salt UF: Purchasers Collagen BT: Conservation principles RT: Purchasing Musculoskeletal system RT: Salt advection Nerves Salt budget Contagious diseases Salts USE: Infectious diseases Connectors Water exchange UF: Couplings (components) Container ports Underwater connectors Conservation of volume USE: Ferry terminals RT: Connecting USE: Equation of continuity Electric cables Container ships Manifolds Conservation of vorticity BT: Merchant ships BT: Conservation principles Conservation RT: Absolute vorticity Containers SN: Conservation of nature and Barotropic mode UF: Boxes resources. Use of a more specific Conservation of angular Cans term is recommended momentum Packages UF: Stream conservation Mesoscale eddies NT: Tanks NT: Nature conservation Momentum Resource conservation Containment Soil conservation Conservation principles BT: Pollution control Water conservation NT: Conservation of energy RT: Barrages RT: Conservation principles Conservation of heat Barriers Depletion Conservation of mass Oil slicks Environmental legislation Conservation of momentum Oil spills Environmental protection Conservation of salt Reclamation Conservation of vorticity Contamination RT: Conservation USE: Pollution Conservation (fishery products) USE: Processing fishery products Conservative properties Contamination (internal) BT: Properties USE: Radionuclide kinetics Conservation (organisms) RT: Enthalpy USE: Fixation Non-conservative properties Contamination (radioactive) Salinity USE: Radioactive contamination Conservation equations Water masses BT: Equations Contamination of samples RT: Diffusion Consolidation USE: Sample contamination Equation of continuity BT: Diagenesis RT: Cementation Contiguous fishing zones Compaction USE: Contiguous zones Lithification Soil mechanics

60 ASFA THESAURUS

Contiguous zones Continental rise Continuity equation SN: Offshore area claimed by a UF: Rise (continental) USE: Equation of continuity nation for exclusive fishing rights BT: Submarine features UF: Contiguous fishing zones RT: Abyssal plains Continuous culture BT: Ocean space Continental margins BT: Aquaculture techniques RT: Exclusive economic zone Continental shelves RT: Aquaria Fishery boundaries Continental slope Batch culture Fishing rights Contour currents Culture tanks Territorial waters Nepheloid layer Phytoplankton culture Ocean floor Zooplankton culture Continental aerosols Continental shelf USE: Aerosols Continuous profilers USE: Continental shelves USE: Profilers

Continental borderland Continental shelf break USE: Continental margins Continuous tracking USE: Shelf edge USE: Tracking Continental crust Continental shelf edge BT: Earth crust USE: Shelf edge Contour currents RT: Continents BT: Surface currents Cratons Continental shelves RT: Bed forms Obduction SN: Before 1982 search also Bottom erosion Oceanic crust CONTINENTAL SHELF Continental rise Oceanization UF: Continental shelf Continental slope Sial BT: Submarine features Contourites NT: Outer continental shelf Nepheloid layer Continental drift RT: Continental margins Topographic effects UF: Continental migration Continental rise Western boundary undercurrents Drift (continental) Continental slope Wegener hypothesis Littoral zone Contour feathers RT: Continents Marine environment USE: Feathers Drift Neritic province Earth mantle Offshore Contourites Moho Shallow water BT: Clastics Ocean basins Shelf dynamics RT: Contour currents Palaeoclimate Shelf edge Palaeomagnetism Shelf edge fronts Contours Plate tectonics Shelf geology BT: Isopleths Polar wandering Shelf seas NT: Isobaths Seafloor spreading Shelf sedimentation RT: depth Tectonophysics Submarine canyons Profiles Territorial waters Shape Continental margins Topography SN: Before 1994 search also Continental slope CONTINENTAL BORDERLAND BT: Submarine features Contractile vacuole UF: Borderland (continental) RT: Continental margins USE: Cell organelles Continental borderland Continental rise Margins (continental) Continental shelves Contractors BT: Submarine features Continents BT: Personnel NT: Active margins Contour currents RT: Contracts Passive margins Island slope RT: Continental rise Marginal basins Contracts Continental shelves Ocean floor RT: Contractors Continental slope Shelf edge Continents Slope environment Control Cratons Slopes (topography) SN: Use of a more specific term is Island arcs Slumping recommended Oceanic trenches Submarine canyons UF: Control systems Continents NT: Biological control Continental migration BT: Landforms Blowout control USE: Continental drift RT: Continental crust Chemical control Continental drift Corrosion control Continental nations Continental margins Depth control USE: Landlocked states Continental slope Disease control Cratons Erosion control Continental ridges Earth structure Flood control BT: Ridges Epeirogeny Fouling control Submarine features Island arcs Parasite control

61 ASFA THESAURUS

Pest control Oceanic convergences Cooling water Plant control RT: Advection BT: Water Pollution control Convergence RT: Cooling Population control Divergence zones Entrainment Predator control Frontal features Power plants Quality control Fronts Thermal pollution Remote control Water masses Cooperatives RT: Control resistance UF: Fishery cooperatives Damping Convergent evolution RT: Fishery organizations Monitoring USE: Evolution Coordinate systems Control charts Convergent margins UF: Cartesian coordinates BT: Maps USE: Active margins RT: Geodetic coordinates RT: Critical path method Geographical coordinates Quality control Converging plate boundaries BT: Plate boundaries Copepod culture Control resistance RT: Diverging plate boundaries USE: Crustacean culture UF: Antibiotic resistance Island arcs Chemical resistance Oceanic trenches Copolymerization Resistance to chemicals Plate convergence USE: Polymerization BT: Biological resistance Subduction zones Copper RT: Control BT: Heavy metals Drug resistance Conversion efficiency Transition elements USE: Food conversion RT: Copper compounds Control systems Ferromanganese nodules USE: Control Conversion factors Haemocyanins RT: Animal metabolism Metalliferous sediments Controlled conditions Bioenergetics UF: Laboratory conditions Conversion tables Copper compounds BT: Chemical compounds RT: Experimental research Feed efficiency RT: Copper Laboratories Oxygen consumption

Laboratory culture Coprecipitation Conversion tables BT: Chemical precipitation Convection UF: Nomograms RT: Flocculation UF: Convective heat transfer BT: Tables

BT: Advection RT: Conversion factors NT: Atmospheric convection Meteorological tables Coral SN: Before 1982 search also CORALS Cellular convection Numerical analysis BT: Animal products Forced convection Oceanographic tables RT: Atolls Mantle convection Calcium compounds Oceanic convection Conversion tables (meteorology) Coral farming RT: Heat transfer USE: Meteorological tables Coral reefs Heat transport

Mass transfer Convolution Coral culture BT: Mathematical analysis USE: Coral farming Convective heat transfer RT: Cross correlation

USE: Convection Deconvolution Seismic data processing Coral farming UF: Coral culture Convective overturn BT: Cultures USE: Overturn Cooling RT: Coral UF: Heat dissipation Coral reefs Conventions BT: Heat transfer Marine aquaculture USE: International agreements RT: Cooling ponds

Cooling systems Coral islands Convergence Cooling water USE: Atolls NT: Plate convergence Freezing

RT: Convergence zones Heating Coral reefs Divergence UF: Reefs (coral) Downwelling Cooling ponds BT: Biogenic deposits Frontal features BT: Ponds Reefs Frontogenesis RT: Cooling NT: Barrier reefs Horizontal motion Power plants Fringing reefs Langmuir circulation Thermal pollution RT: Atolls

Biogenic sedimentary structures Convergence zones Cooling systems Bioherms NT: Atmospheric convergences RT: Cooling Carbonate rocks Intertropical convergence zone Open systems

62 ASFA THESAURUS

Cays Core samples Coriolis parameters Coral USE: Cores BT: Parameters Coral farming RT: Absolute vorticity Lagoons Core sampling Beta spirals Marine environment USE: Coring Beta-plane Polyps Coriolis acceleration Reef fish Corers Coriolis force Reef fisheries SN: Before 1982 search CORING Ekman spiral Tropical fish DEVICES Planetary vorticity UF: Boomerang corers Rossby parameter Corange charts Coring devices Stream functions USE: Tidal charts Free-fall corers Corrections BT: Sediment samplers NT: Gravity corrections Corange lines NT: Gravity corers RT: Errors USE: Isopleths Piston corers

Vibrarory corers Correlation Core (earth) RT: Cores NT: Geological correlation USE: Earth core Coring RT: Correlation analysis Drilling equipment

Core analysis Penetrometers Correlation analysis BT: Analysis UF: Correlation functions Sediment analysis Cores BT: Statistical analysis RT: Core handling UF: Core samples NT: Autocorrelation Cores BT: Sediment samples Cross correlation RT: Boreholes RT: Correlation Core handling Core analysis Numerical taxonomy RT: Core analysis Core handling Regression analysis Core recovery Core orientation Time series analysis Cores Core recovery Variance analysis Coring Corers

Sample storage Coring Correlation functions

USE: Correlation analysis Core layer method Coring RT: Core layers (water) SN: Bottom sampling and core studies Correspondence (letters) Outflow waters UF: Core sampling USE: Documents T/S diagrams BT: Sediment sampling Water mixing RT: Core handling Corrosion Core recovery UF: Cavitation erosion Core layers (water) Corers Crevice corrosion BT: Layers Cores Pitting NT: Oxygen maximum layer Drilling Rust Oxygen minimum layer Underwater exploration BT: Chemical reactions Salinity maximum layer NT: Cracking (corrosion) Salinity minimum layer Coring devices Stress corrosion Temperature maximum layer USE: Corers RT: Antioxidants Temperature minimum layer Cavitation RT: Core layer method Coriolis acceleration Chemical degradation T/S diagrams BT: Acceleration Corrosion control Water masses RT: Coriolis force Deterioration Water types Coriolis parameters Electrochemistry Electrolysis Core orientation Coriolis force Fatigue (materials) UF: Magnetic core orientation BT: Forces (mechanics) Oxidation BT: Orientation RT: Acceleration Splash zone RT: Cores Atmospheric circulation Weathering Remanent magnetization Coriolis acceleration Corrosion control Coriolis parameters UF: Anticorrosion material Core recovery Geostrophic equilibrium Corrosion inhibition BT: Recovery Geostrophic flow Corrosion prevention RT: Core handling Hydrostatic equation Corrosion protection Cores Rossby number BT: Control Coring Rotary currents NT: Cathodic protection Vorticity RT: Antioxidants Water circulation Coating processes Corrosion Maintenance and repair Stainless steel

63 ASFA THESAURUS

Corrosion cracking Cotidal lines Crack propagation USE: Cracking (corrosion) BT: Isopleths RT: Cracks RT: Amphidromic systems Deterioration Corrosion inhibition Cotidal charts USE: Corrosion control High tide Cracking (corrosion) Tidal range UF: Corrosion cracking Corrosion prevention BT: Corrosion USE: Corrosion control Couette flow RT: Cracks BT: Laminar flow Embrittlement Corrosion protection RT: Shear stress USE: Corrosion control Cracks Countercurrents BT: Defects Cosine collectors BT: Water currents RT: Crack propagation BT: Light measuring instruments NT: Coastal countercurrents Cracking (corrosion) RT: Irradiance Equatorial countercurrents Fractures RT: Ocean currents Cosmic dust Crane barges UF: Dust (cosmic) Counters BT: Barges BT: Dust SN: Automatic devices for RT: Cranes Extraterrestrial material biological and physical counting Support ships RT: Eolian dust NT: Bacterial counters Sediments Cell counters Cranes Egg counters UF: Derricks Cosmic radiation Fish counters Hoists UF: Cosmic rays Geiger counters BT: Lifting tackle BT: Ionizing radiation Particle counters RT: Crane barges

Cosmic rays Countries Cratons USE: Cosmic radiation UF: States (political) RT: Continental crust NT: Coastal states Continental margins Cosmic spherules Developed countries Continents UF: Magnetic spherules Developing countries Platforms (geology) BT: Extraterrestrial material Landlocked states RT: Magnetite RT: Governments Crawfish culture USE: Crayfish culture Cosmopolite species Coupled bodies BT: Species RT: Hydrodynamics Crawlers RT: Biogeography USE: Seabed vehicles Geographical distribution Coupling (joining components) USE: Connecting Crayfish culture Cost analysis SN: Before 1982 search SN: Study of costs related to Couplings (components) CRUSTACEAN CULTURE technical and financial operations USE: Connectors UF: Astaciculture in aquaculture, commercial Crawfish culture fishing, fishing industry, Courtship Crayfish farming marketing, trade, etc. RT: Display behaviour BT: Crustacean culture BT: Analysis Reproductive behaviour RT: Pond culture RT: Comparative studies Rice field aquaculture Costs Crab culture Economic analysis SN: Before 1982 search Crayfish farming Economic feasibility CRUSTACEAN CULTURE USE: Crayfish culture Market research UF: Brackishwater crab culture Pricing Freshwater crab culture Crayfish fisheries Costs Marine crab culture USE: Lobster fisheries UF: Expenses BT: Crustacean culture Prices RT: Polyculture Credit management NT: Labour costs Pond culture USE: Financial management Operational costs Production cost Crab fisheries Creel census RT: Cost analysis UF: Dungeness crab fisheries USE: Sport fishing statistics Pricing Edible crab fisheries Purchasing King crab fisheries Market crab fisheries Cotidal charts Snow crab fisheries BT: Tidal charts Tanner crab fisheries RT: Cotidal lines BT: Crustacean fisheries Tidal propagation RT: Trap fishing

64 ASFA THESAURUS

Creep Cruise programmes Crustacean larvae UF: Solifluction BT: Programmes BT: Invertebrate larvae RT: Deformation RT: Cruises NT: Megalops Landslides Research programmes Nauplii Mass movement Research vessels Phyllosomae Slides Cruise reports Zoeae Slope stability SN: Preliminary report on results RT: Crustacean culture Slumping obtained during a cruise by one Freshwater crustaceans Soil mechanics research vessel Marine crustaceans BT: Data reports Cretaceous RT: Cruises Crustaceans SN: Before 1982 search Expedition reports USE: Shellfish CRETACEOUS PERIOD Track charts BT: Mesozoic Crustaceans (freshwater) Cruise stations USE: Freshwater crustaceans Crevice corrosion UF: Anchor stations USE: Corrosion Expedition stations Crustaceans (marine) BT: Oceanographic stations USE: Marine crustaceans Crew RT: Cruises BT: Personnel Track charts Crustal accretion Cruises BT: Accretion Cristobalite SN: Use only for surveys involving RT: Diverging plate boundaries BT: Oxide minerals one vessel Oceanic crust RT: Silica UF: Expeditions (one vessel) Plate divergence BT: Expeditions Critical flow RT: Cruise programmes Crustal adjustment BT: Fluid flow Cruise reports NT: Isostasy Cruise stations RT: Epeirogeny Critical path method Multiship expeditions Plate tectonics BT: Operations research Surveys RT: Control charts Track charts Crustal shortening Numerical analysis BT: Diastrophism PERT Crust (earth) RT: Earth crust Prediction USE: Earth crust Epeirogeny

Croaker fisheries Crust (ocean) Crustal structure USE: Percoid fisheries USE: Oceanic crust RT: Earth crust

Crustacean culture Crocodile farming Crustal thickness UF: Copepod culture USE: Reptile culture BT: Thickness BT: Shellfish culture RT: Earth crust NT: Brine shrimp culture Cross breeding Crab culture USE: Hybrid culture Crusts (rocks) Crayfish culture USE: Concretions Lobster culture Cross correlation Prawn culture BT: Correlation analysis Cryobiology Shrimp culture RT: Autocorrelation SN: Low temperature biology RT: Cage culture Convolution BT: Biology Crustacean larvae RT: Cold resistance Freshwater crustaceans Cross pollination Cryoplankton Marine crustaceans USE: Pollination Physiology Mass culture Temperature tolerance Monoculture Crowding Pond culture USE: Stocking density Cryoplankton Raceway culture SN: Ice- and snow-inhabiting Crude oil Crustacean fisheries organisms BT: Petroleum BT: Shellfish fisheries BT: Plankton RT: Natural gas NT: Crab fisheries RT: Cryobiology Oil Krill fisheries Oil production Lobster fisheries Cryopreservation Oil recovery Shrimp fisheries USE: Freezing storage Squat lobster fisheries Crude oil production RT: Coastal fisheries USE: Oil production Demersal fisheries Cryoprotectants Freshwater crustaceans USE: Freezing storage Crude oil treating Marine crustaceans USE: Oil treating River fisheries

65 ASFA THESAURUS

Cryosphere Cultch material Cumulus BT: Hydrosphere USE: Cultch USE: Clouds RT: Glaciers Ice Culture effects Cup anemometers Ice caps SN: Effects of aquaculture practice USE: Anemometers Ice volume on the ecosystem Permafrost BT: Environmental effects Cured products RT: Aquaculture UF: Dried salted products Crystallization Biological pollutants Marinated products

Smoked products CT scan Culture media BT: Processed fishery products USE: Tomography SN: Fluid, solid and nutritive media for RT: Curing

culture of tissue and organisms Dried products CTD measurements RT: Cell culture USE: CTD observations Laboratory culture Curing

Tissue culture SN: To preserve by salting, drying, CTD observations smoking, fermentation or a UF: Conductivity-temperature- Culture tanks combination of these methods depth observations BT: Tanks UF: Salting CTD measurements RT: Algal culture Smoking BT: Hydrographic data Aquaculture equipment BT: Processing fishery products RT: CTD profilers Batch culture RT: Cured products Finestructure Continuous culture Dressing STD observations Hatcheries Drying

Laboratory culture CTD probes Rearing Curium USE: CTD profilers Recirculating systems BT: Actinides

Transuranic elements CTD profilers Cultured fish RT: Curium isotopes UF: Conductivity-temperature USE: Cultured organisms depth profilers Curium isotopes Conductivity-temperature-depth profilers Cultured food BT: Isotopes CTD probes USE: Cultured organisms RT: Curium CTD sensors

BT: Profilers Cultured organisms Curl (vectors) RT: Conductivity sensors UF: Cultured fish BT: Vectors CTD observations Cultured food NT: Wind stress curl Electrical conductivity Cultured species RT: Vorticity Finestructure BT: Aquatic organisms Salinity measuring equipment RT: Aquaculture Curl of wind stress Salinity profiles Aquaculture products USE: Wind stress curl STD profilers Domestic species Temperature profiles Microbiological culture Current charts Thermometers Phytoplankton culture UF: Tidal current charts Vertical profiles Zooplankton culture BT: Hydrographic charts

RT: Current direction CTD sensors Cultured species Current roses USE: CTD profilers USE: Cultured organisms Current vectors

Current velocity Culch Cultures Streamlines USE: Cultch SN: Use of a more specific term is Tidal charts Culling recommended Tide tables SN: Removal or killing of a certain NT: Algal culture Water currents number of animals to maintain a Coral farming steady population Fish culture Current data Frog culture SN: Data collections obtained by Cultch Plant culture any method of current SN: Any substrata placed in the Reptile culture measurement environment to attract the Shellfish culture UF: Water current data attachment of oyster larvae Sponge culture BT: Hydrographic data UF: Culch Worm culture RT: Current direction Cultch material Zooplankton culture Current measurement BT: Artificial substrata RT: Aquaculture Current observations RT: Larval settlement Aquaculture systems Current velocity Oyster culture Aquaculture techniques Oceanographic data Spat Experimental culture Water currents Substrate preferences Laboratory culture

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Current density Current measuring methods RT: Current meandering BT: Density USE: Current measurement Ocean currents RT: Electric currents Vortices Current meter arrays Current direction BT: Arrays Current roses RT: Current charts RT: Current meters BT: Map graphics Current data RT: Current charts Current roses Current meter data Current direction Streamlines BT: Hydrographic data Current velocity Water currents RT: Current meters Water currents Wind roses Current ellipses Current meter moorings BT: Hodographs BT: Mooring systems Current scouring RT: Rotary currents RT: Current meters UF: Tidal scour BT: Scouring Current forces Current meter vanes RT: Bed forms BT: Loads (forces) USE: Vanes Bottom currents RT: Current velocity Bottom erosion Hydrodynamics Current meters Flow around objects Vortex shedding SN: For measurement of water Scour and fill Water currents speed and direction only Scour hollows BT: Current measuring equipment Scour marks Current marks NT: Acoustic current meters Water currents UF: Flute casts RT: Current meter arrays Wave scouring Sole marks Current meter data BT: Bedding structures Current meter moorings Current sensors NT: Scour marks Current observations BT: Current measuring equipment Sensors Current sensors RT: Current meters Current meandering Flowmeters Flowmeters UF: Meandering (currents) Water currents BT: Meandering Current shear RT: Current rings Current observations BT: Shear Fluid motion UF: Water current observations RT: Wind shear Mesoscale eddies RT: Current data Mesoscale features Current measurement Current spectra Water currents Current meters BT: Spectra Hydrographic data Current meanders Current speed USE: Current rings Current power USE: Current velocity SN: Power derived from water currents Current measurement UF: Ocean current energy conversion Current speed profiles SN: Methods for measuring speed RT: Power from the sea USE: Current profiles and direction of water currents Water currents UF: Current measuring Current vectors Current measuring methods Current prediction BT: Vectors Velocity measurement (water) BT: Prediction RT: Current charts BT: Flow measurement RT: Water currents Current velocity NT: Eulerian current measurement Streamlines Lagrangian current measurement Current profiles Water currents RT: Current data UF: Current speed profiles Current measuring equipment BT: Velocity profiles Current velocity Current observations UF: Current speed Current velocity Current reversal BT: Velocity Photogrammetry RT: Monsoon reversal NT: Stream flow rate Water currents Water currents RT: Current charts Current data Current measuring Current rings Current forces USE: Current measurement SN: Oceanic eddies of order 10 kms Current measurement Current measuring equipment diameter Current roses BT: Flow measuring equipment UF: Anticyclonic eddies Current vectors NT: Current meters Anticyclonic rings Electric potential Current sensors Current meanders Flowmeters Drifters Cyclonic eddies Tide tables RT: Current measurement Cyclonic rings Velocity microstructure Drogues Gulf stream rings Velocity sections GEK Meanders (current) Volume transport Water currents BT: Oceanic eddies Westward intensification

67 ASFA THESAURUS

Currents (electric) Wave-induced loading Cytochemistry USE: Electric currents Wave-seabed interaction BT: Biochemistry RT: Cytochromes Currents (water) Cyclogenesis Cytology USE: Water currents RT: Cyclones Cytotoxicity

Curricula Cyclomorphosis Cytochromes SN: Before 1982 search also SN: Seasonal change in BT: Coenzymes EDUCATION morphology displayed by some RT: Cytochemistry UF: Syllabuses planktonic animals Oxidation Training programmes BT: Biopolymorphism Proteins RT: Education RT: Defence mechanisms Cytogenetics Curves (graphs) Cyclones SN: Before 1995 search USE: Graphs SN: Use of a more specific term is GENETICS recommended BT: Genetics Cuspate forelands UF: Depressions (meteorology) USE: Headlands Midlatitude cyclones Cytokinins BT: Low pressure systems USE: Phytohormones Customary fishing rights RT: Anticyclones USE: Fishing rights Cyclogenesis Cytology Hurricanes UF: Cell biology Cuticles Polar fronts BT: Biology SN: A layer covering and secreted Winds NT: Karyology by the epidermis of plants and RT: Cell constituents many invertebrates Cyclones (tropical) Cell differentiation BT: Exoskeleton USE: Hurricanes Cell division RT: Chitin Cell membranes Transpiration Cyclonic eddies Cell morphology USE: Current rings Cell organelles Cutting Cells NT: Cutting underwater Cyclonic motion Cytochemistry RT: Welding BT: Motion Cytoplasm RT: Anticyclonic motion Cytotoxicity Cutting underwater Rotation Fixatives BT: Cutting Histology Working underwater Cyclonic rings Microscopy RT: Welding underwater USE: Current rings Cytoplasm Cuttlefish fisheries Cylinders UF: Bioplasm USE: Cephalopod fisheries RT: Cylindrical structures Protoplasm Tubing BT: Cell constituents Cyanides RT: Cell inclusions BT: Chemical compounds Cylindrical bodies Cytology RT: Carbon compounds USE: Cylindrical structures Golgi apparatus Nitrogen compounds Plastids Salts Cylindrical structures Protoplasts SN: Before 1986 search also Ribosomes Cycles CYLINDRICAL BODIES Yolk SN: Use of a more specific term is UF: Cylindrical bodies recommended BT: Structures Cytoplasmic membranes UF: Rhythms RT: Cylinders USE: Cell membranes NT: Chemical cycles Hydrologic cycle Cysteine Cytotoxicity Life cycle BT: Amino acids BT: Toxicity Tidal cycles RT: Cytochemistry Trophodynamic cycle Cystine Cytology RT: Energy budget BT: Amino acids Food webs Daily Moon phases Cysts BT: Periodicity SN: Resistant resting stages formed RT: Diurnal variations Cyclic loading by different organisms, as a BT: Loads (forces) response to adverse Daily variation RT: Dynamic loads environmental conditions USE: Diurnal variations Fatigue (materials) UF: Dormant stages Ocean loading RT: Encystment Periodic variations

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Damage Limnological data Data loggers NT: Biological damage Meteorological data RT: Data RT: Accidents Oceanographic data Data acquisition Defects Pollution data Recording equipment Deterioration Temperature data Failures Wave data Data presentation (graphics) Fire RT: Data acquisition USE: Graphics Hazards Data collections Maintenance and repair Data loggers Data processing Data processing UF: Automated data processing Damage (biological) Data reports Batch processing USE: Biological damage Data storage Data analysis Data handling Damping Data acquisition NT: Data reduction SN: To artificially reduce BT: Acquisition Seismic data processing amplitude or physical processes RT: Data Signal processing UF: Suppressing Data loggers RT: Automation NT: Evaporation reduction Data processing Computer programs Noise reduction Data storage Computers Wave damping Remote sensing Data RT: Attenuation Data acquisition Control Data analysis Data collections Suppressors USE: Data processing Data storage Vibration Data reduction Data banks BT: Data processing Damping (water waves) USE: Data collections RT: Reference levels USE: Wave damping Seismic data processing Data buoys Spectral analysis Dams UF: Meteorological buoys SN: Fixed structures for the Oceanographic buoys Data reports containment etc. of water in valleys Rafts (instrument carriers) BT: Report literature BT: Barrages BT: Buoys NT: Cruise reports RT: Backwaters NT: Drifting data buoys Station lists Fishways Wave buoys RT: Data Flood control RT: Lagrangian current measurement Ocean stations Impoundments Ocean stations Pond construction Oceanographic equipment Data retrieval Ponds Recording equipment USE: Information retrieval Water reservoirs Weather ships Weirs Data storage Data catalogues BT: Storage Danger USE: Inventories RT: Computers USE: Hazards Data Data centres Data acquisition Dangerous materials USE: Information centres Data collections USE: Hazardous materials Data processing Data collections Dangerous organisms UF: Data banks Data transmission SN: Harmful to persons Databases NT: Facsimile transmission BT: Aquatic organisms BT: Collections RT: Telemetry RT: Biological damage RT: Census Diving hazards Data Databases Data processing USE: Data collections Danish seines Data storage USE: Boat seines Documentation Dating (biological) Inventories USE: Age determination Data Libraries SN: Use of a more specific term is Report literature Dating (earth sciences) recommended Surveys USE: Geochronometry NT: Acoustic data Datum levels Biological data Data converters BT: Reference levels Experimental data SN: Analog/digital converters NT: Chart datum Fishery data RT: Analog records Tidal datum Geological data Digital records RT: Bench marks Geophysical data Geodesy Geotechnical data Data handling Levelling Hydrographic data USE: Data processing Sea level

69 ASFA THESAURUS

Davits Decantation Decomposition BT: Lifting tackle SN: Decantation of transported solid USE: Degradation RT: Gear handling pollutants or suspended sediments BT: Separation Decompression Day length RT: Sedimentation RT: Decompression chambers USE: Photoperiods Sludge treatment Decompression sickness Waste treatment Decompression tables Daytime Water pollution treatment Hydrostatic pressure RT: Diurnal variations Water treatment Saturation diving Nighttime Decarboxylation BT: Chemical reactions Decompression chambers DDE RT: Carboxylation UF: Compression chambers UF: Dichlorodiphynylethylene Deck compression chambers BT: Chlorinated hydrocarbons Decay Hyperbaric chambers BT: Degradation Pressure chambers DDT Transfer chambers UF: Dichlorodiphenyl-trichloroethane Decca BT: Diving equipment BT: Chlorinated hydrocarbons BT: Radio navigation RT: Decompression RT: Chemical pollutants RT: Navigational tables Decompression sickness Pesticides Decompression tables Toxicants Dechlorination Diving bells RT: Chlorination High pressure effects Dead bodies Chlorine Hyperbaric USE: Carcasses Disinfection Sewage treatment Decompression sickness Dead reckoning Water purification SN: Before 1986 search also BT: Navigation Water treatment BENDS RT: Inertial navigation UF: Bends Ship drift Decision support systems BT: Human diseases SN: Computer-based system that RT: Decompression Dead water assists one in the process of Decompression chambers RT: Density stratification making a decision Decompression tables Interface phenomena BT: Information systems Diving physiology Internal wave effects Nitrogen narcosis Surface wave-internal wave Deck compression chambers Underwater medicine interactions USE: Decompression chambers Water Decompression tables Deck equipment UF: Compression tables Deamination UF: Deck machinery BT: Tables BT: Chemical reactions Handling equipment RT: Decompression RT: Amination BT: Equipment Decompression chambers NT: Lifting tackle Decompression sickness Death rate RT: Decks Diving equipment USE: Mortality Gear handling Hydraulic systems Deconvolution Debris (nuclear) Oceanographic equipment UF: Seismic deconvolution USE: Fission products Rigging BT: Mathematical analysis Safety devices RT: Convolution Debris flow Seismic data processing UF: Mudflows Deck machinery Rock falls USE: Deck equipment Deep adjacent seas BT: Mass gravity transport Deck safety equipment USE: Marginal seas (sediments) USE: Safety devices RT: Melanges Deep currents Olistostromes Decks SN: Midwater currents in deep NT: Helidecks ocean Debubbling RT: Deck equipment BT: Subsurface currents RT: Bubbles Mobile platforms RT: Bottom currents Bubbling Deep water Decomposers Water depth Decalcification SN: Micro-organisms returning SN: The process of absorption of nutrients to water by biodegradation Deep layer lime salts from bones BT: Heterotrophic organisms UF: Deep layers (water column) BT: Biochemical phenomena RT: Bacteria BT: Water column RT: Bones Biodegradation RT: Benthic boundary layer Calcification Food chains Bottom mixed layer Shells Fungi Hypolimnion

70 ASFA THESAURUS

Deep layers (lakes) Deep-sea fisheries Defence craft USE: Hypolimnion BT: Marine fisheries SN: Vessels designed for military or security purposes Deep layers (water column) Deep-sea furrows UF: Defense craft USE: Deep layer UF: Furrows (deep-sea) Naval craft BT: Submarine features Warships Deep ocean mining RT: Bottom erosion RT: Military oceanography USE: Deep-sea mining Oceanic trenches Military operations Naval bases Deep scattering layers Deep-sea lobster fisheries Protection vessels USE: Scattering layers USE: Lobster fisheries Security Surface craft Deep sea Deep-sea mining Surveillance and enforcement USE: Deep water UF: Deep ocean mining Underwater vehicles BT: Mining Deep tow Offshore operations Defence mechanisms USE: Towed vehicles RT: Deep-sea drilling SN: Before 1986 search also

Mining vessels DEFENSE MECHANISMS Deep water Seabed deposits UF: Defense mechanisms UF: Deep sea Subsurface deposits Defensive mechanisms BT: Water Defensive secretions RT: Aphotic zone Deep-sea terraces NT: Phagocytosis Bathymetry USE: Terraces RT: Antibodies Deep currents Bioelectricity Deep water formation Deep-sea thermometers Camouflage Hypolimnion USE: Thermometers Cyclomorphosis Shallow water Encystment Water depth Deep-sea tide gauges Immunity Deep water formation BT: Tide gauges Mimicry RT: Deep water Protective behaviour Deep-water masses Resistance mechanisms Deep-sea bed UF: Bottom water masses USE: Ocean floor BT: Water masses Defense craft RT: Bottom water USE: Defence craft Deep-sea channels BT: Seachannels Deep-water terminals Defense mechanisms Submarine features BT: Tanker terminals USE: Defence mechanisms RT: Offshore docking Deep-sea diving Defensive mechanisms UF: Dry diving Deep-water waves USE: Defence mechanisms BT: Diving BT: Water waves RT: Breathing mixtures Defensive secretions One-atmosphere systems Defaecation USE: Defence mechanisms Submersibles UF: Defecation Underwater exploration BT: Excretion Deficiency diseases Deep-sea drilling RT: Faecal pellets UF: Deficiency syndromes SN: Drilling operations beyond the BT: Diseases continental shelf Defecation RT: Dietary deficiencies BT: Drilling USE: Defaecation Nutrition disorders Offshore operations Nutritional requirements RT: Deep-sea mining Defects Drilling vessels SN: Use for faults of construction Deficiency syndromes Hole re-entry or results of damage or USE: Deficiency diseases deterioration Deep-sea erosion UF: Faults (defects) Definitions USE: Bottom erosion Flaws USE: Terminology NT: Cracks Deep-sea fans Fractures Deflection UF: Abyssal cones Leaks NT: Catenary Sea fans Spalling Plumbline deflection Submarine fans RT: Damage BT: Fans Deterioration Deflocculation Submarine features Failures UF: Peptization RT: Alluvial fans RT: Dispersion Seachannels Defence Flocculation Submarine canyons USE: Security Turbidites

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Deforestation RT: Autolysis Deltaic sedimentation SN: Removal of trees from land Deterioration BT: Sedimentation without the intention of Discolouration RT: Deltas reforesting it Fate Foreset beds RT: Forest industry Fouling Sedimentary environments Forests Humus Leaching Deltas Deformation Oxygen depletion BT: Coastal landforms UF: Bending Weathering RT: Alluvial deposits Buckling Brackishwater environment Distortion Dehydrated products Coastal erosion BT: Mechanical properties USE: Dried products Coasts NT: Rock deformation Deltaic features Strain Dehydration Deltaic sedimentation RT: Boudinage BT: Chemical reactions Distributaries Bulk modulus RT: Desiccation Flood plains Collapse strength Dewatering Fluvial features Compression Drying Fluvial morphology Creep Evaporation Progradation Elasticity Hydration Rivers Flexibility Separation Swamps Melanges Transpiration Wetlands Pipe buckling Water content Plastic flow Demersal fish Plasticity Dehydrogenases SN: Bottom feeding fish Rheology BT: Enzymes UF: Benthic fish Shape Ground fish Stress-strain relations Deicing Groundfish Tensile strength SN: Preventing and removing rime and BT: Fish Yield point glaze from decks, superstructures, RT: Benthos equipment, etc. For melting of Demersal fisheries Defrosting ice/snow on land and frozen soil, use USE: Thawing ICE MELTING. For thawing of Demersal fisheries frozen fishery products use BT: Fisheries Degassification THAWING. Before 1996 search also RT: Bottom trawling USE: Degassing DE-ICING Crustacean fisheries UF: De-icing Demersal fish Degassing RT: Antifreezes Finfish fisheries UF: Degassification Deicing equipment Lagoon fisheries RT: Desorption Ice melting Lake fisheries Earth atmosphere Ice prevention Longlining Earth mantle Icing Marine fish Thawing Marine fisheries Degeneration UF: Evolutionary retrogression De-icing Demineralization BT: Biological phenomena USE: Deicing UF: Salts extraction RT: Biodegradation BT: Separation processes Evolution Deicing equipment RT: Distillation Mutations UF: De-icing equipment Ion exchange Regeneration BT: Equipment RT: Deicing Demography Deglaciation Ice prevention SN: Study of birth rates, death RT: Climatic changes Icing rates, age distributions, and size Emergent shorelines of human populations. For Glaciation De-icing equipment studies on animal populations, Interglacial periods USE: Deicing equipment use Population structure or Transgressions Population dynamics Delta structures RT: Sociological aspects Degradation USE: Deltaic features UF: Decomposition Denaturation (proteins) BT: Chemical reactions Deltaic deposits USE: Protein denaturation NT: Biodegradation RT: Fluvial sedimentation Chemical degradation Foreset beds Dendrites Decay Deltaic features USE: Neurons Environmental degradation UF: Delta structures Pyrolysis NT: Foreset beds Thermal decomposition RT: Deltas

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Denitrification Density dependent effects Pycnocline SN: Before 1982 search USE: Density dependence Water density NITROGEN CYCLE BT: Chemical reactions Density dependent factor Density sections RT: Nitrification USE: Population density BT: Hydrographic sections Nitrogen cycle RT: Density charts Density field Density profiles Dense water BT: Fields Water density BT: Sea water RT: Geostrophic flow Geostrophic method Density stratification Densimeters Water density UF: Stratification (density) USE: Densitometers BT: Stratification Density flow RT: Buoyant jets Densitometers SN: Before 1982 search Dead water UF: Densimeters TURBIDITY CURRENTS Density gradients BT: Density measuring equipment UF: Density currents Density interfaces Gravity induced flow Density profiles Density BT: Fluid flow Geostrophic flow SN: Before 1982 search also RT: Bottom currents Monin-Obukhov length DENSITY (PHYSICAL) Stratified flow Pycnocline UF: Density (physical) Turbidity currents Salinity stratification BT: Physical properties Water currents Sound channels NT: Current density Water density Sediment density Density fronts Water density BT: Oceanic fronts Density-dependent factors RT: Buoyancy RT: Isopycnics USE: Biotic factors Density measurement Pycnocline Density measuring equipment Water density Density-independent factors Diffusion USE: Abiotic factors Gravimetric techniques Density gradients Specific gravity SN: Used only for density gradients Denudation Wet weight in water SN: Combined effect of erosional BT: Gradients processes and transportation of Density (physical) RT: Density profiles eroded material USE: Density Density stratification RT: Erosion Pycnocline Density (population) Water density Deoxygenation USE: Population density RT: Oxygen Density interfaces Oxygen demand Density (stocking) BT: Interfaces Oxygen depletion USE: Stocking density RT: Density stratification Oxygenation Water density Water quality Density (water) USE: Water density Density layer Deoxyribonucleic acid USE: Pycnocline USE: DNA Density (wave action) USE: Wave action Density measurement Dependent species UF: Hydrometry USE: Associated species Density charts Specific gravity measurement SN: Charts showing distribution of BT: Measurement Depleted stocks water density RT: Density SN: A stock (or population) BT: Hydrographic charts Density measuring equipment suffering from recruitment RT: Density sections Hydrometers overfishing Isopycnics Water density UF: Stock depletion Water density BT: Stocks Density measuring equipment RT: Depletion Density currents BT: Measuring devices Overfishing USE: Density flow NT: Densitometers RT: Density Depletion Density dependence Density measurement NT: Oxygen depletion UF: Density dependent effects Hydrometers Resource depletion RT: Biological production RT: Abundance Biotic factors Density profiles Conservation Population density BT: Vertical profiles Depleted stocks Population functions RT: Density gradients Reclamation Stocking (organisms) Density sections Stocking density Density stratification

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Deployment Depth measurement Desalination processes SN: Deployment of materials and SN: Measurement of depth in water USE: Desalination equipment including underwater only. Use of a more specific vehicles term is recommended Descriptive physical oceanography RT: Gear handling BT: Measurement USE: Hydrography Launching NT: Bathymetry Recovery Echosounding Deserts Station keeping Instrument depth measurement BT: Arid environments RT: depth RT: Sabkhas Depolymerization Depth recorders BT: Chemical reactions Sounding lines Desiccation RT: Polymerization Stereophotography BT: Separation RT: Dehydration Deposition (geology) Depth recorders Drying USE: Sedimentation UF: Depth finders Evaporation Precision depth recorders Deposition features BT: Recording equipment Design RT: Alluvial fans RT: Bathymeters SN: Limit to design methods Barrier islands Bathythermographs UF: Design engineering Beach accretion Depth measurement NT: Ship design Beach ridges Echosounders Towed body design Berms Oceanographic equipment RT: Engineering Break-point bars Water depth Engineering drawings Erosion features Specifications Fluvial features Depth sounding (water) Structural analysis Glacial features USE: Bathymetry Tolerances (dimensional) Nearshore bars Sediment drifts Depuration Design engineering Spits USE: Self purification USE: Design

Depositional environments Derived lipids Design wave USE: Sedimentary environments USE: Lipids RT: Coastal structures Offshore structures Depressions (meteorology) Dermal denticles Surface water waves USE: Cyclones USE: Scales Wave climate Wave forces Depressors Derricks Wave forecasting NT: Cable depressors USE: Cranes Wave height RT: Depth control Wave statistics Desalination Depth SN: Sea water conversion and Desorption BT: Dimensions water desalting BT: Sorption NT: Mixed layer depth UF: Desalination processes RT: Degassing Sill depth Extraction (salts) Surface properties Standard depths Sea water conversion Water depth Seawater conversion Destratification RT: Contours Water desalting RT: Stratification Depth control BT: Water treatment Water mixing Depth measurement RT: Desalination plants Height Dissolved salts Destructive waves Hypsometric curves Distillation BT: Water waves Thickness Electrodialysis RT: Nearshore bars Evaporation Depth contours Reverse osmosis Detection USE: Isobaths Saline water NT: Disease detection Salinity Fish detection Depth control Salts Iceberg detection BT: Control Sea water Pollution detection RT: Depressors Separation Sonar detection depth Water purification Wreck location RT: Detectors Depth finders Desalination plants Echo ranging USE: Depth recorders RT: Aquaculture facilities Identification Desalination Inspection Depth finding Mineral industry Locating USE: Echosounding Water supply Surveillance and enforcement Tracking

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Detectors Sapropels International cooperation BT: Equipment Suspended organic matter Resource development NT: Acoustic tracking systems Suspended particulate matter Technology transfer RT: Alarm systems Turbidity Detection Developmental stages Detritus feeders NT: Adults Detergents UF: Detritivores Embryos NT: Soaps BT: Heterotrophic organisms Juveniles RT: Chemical pollutants RT: Detritus Larvae Domestic wastes Omnivores RT: Biological development Surfactants Diapause Deuterium Emergence Deterioration SN: Before 1982 search Growth SN: Gradual decline in quality (of HYDROGEN ISOTOPES Kelt materials). For results of fire and BT: Hydrogen isotopes Life cycle accidents use DAMAGE RT: Deuterium compounds Metamorphosis RT: Corrosion Ontogeny Crack propagation Deuterium compounds Resting stages Damage BT: Hydrogen compounds Defects RT: Deuterium Devonian Degradation Heavy water SN: Before 1982 search Embrittlement DEVONIAN PERIOD Failures Developed countries BT: Palaeozoic Fatigue (materials) BT: Countries Maintenance and repair RT: Developing countries Dew point Restoration UF: Dew point temperature Scouring Developing countries BT: Transition temperatures Spalling UF: Developing nations RT: Condensation Wear Developing world Fog Underdeveloped countries Humidity Detonators BT: Countries Mixing ratio BT: Equipment RT: Developed countries Water vapour RT: Blasting Explosives Developing nations Dew point temperature USE: Developing countries USE: Dew point Detoxification SN: Removal of poison or poison effects Developing world Dewatering RT: Biological poisons USE: Developing countries RT: Dehydration Hydrolysis Drying Oxidation Development (biological) Pore water Toxicants USE: Biological development Water content Toxicity Toxicology Development (products) Diadromy USE: Product development Detrital deposits Diagenesis UF: Detrital sediments Development (resources) BT: Sedimentation RT: Clastics USE: Resource development NT: Authigenesis Detritus Calcitization Sediments Development (rural) Cementation Suspended particulate matter USE: Rural development Compaction Consolidation Detrital sediments Development (urban) Dolomitization USE: Detrital deposits USE: Urbanization Lithification RT: Bioturbation Detritivores Development plans Calcification USE: Detritus feeders USE: Development projects Catagenesis Chertification Detritus Development potential Gas turbation UF: Biodeposition RT: Development projects Metasomatism Organic detritus Resource availability Sedimentology NT: Leaf litter Resource development Silicification RT: Biogenic material Biogeochemical cycle Development projects Dialysis Detrital deposits UF: Development plans BT: Separation processes Detritus feeders RT: Aquaculture development NT: Electrodialysis Filter feeders Development potential RT: Colloids Litter Fishery development Osmosis

75 ASFA THESAURUS

Diamonds Dieldrin Sound diffraction BT: Placers BT: Chlorinated hydrocarbons Wave diffraction RT: Carbon RT: Insecticides RT: Wave motion Graphite X-ray diffraction analysis Kimberlites Dielectric constant BT: Electrical properties Diffuse sky radiation Diapause RT: Capacitance USE: Solar radiation SN: The state of suspended development Ice properties RT: Developmental stages Diffusion Growth Diesel engines BT: Transport processes Photoperiodicity BT: Motors NT: Atmospheric diffusion RT: Propulsion systems Molecular diffusion Diapirism Shipboard equipment Thermal diffusion BT: Rock deformation Turbulent diffusion RT: Diapirs Diesel fuels RT: Adsorption Igneous intrusions USE: Fuels Conservation equations Salt domes Density Dietary deficiencies Diffusion coefficients Diapirs NT: Nutrient deficiency Equilibrium RT: Cap rocks Protein deficiency Evaporation Diapirism Vitamin deficiencies Ion exchange Salt domes RT: Deficiency diseases Ion transport Structural domes Diets Leaching Feed composition Mass transfer Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning Feeding experiments Mixing processes UF: Shellfish poisoning (diarrhetic) Nutrition disorders Momentum BT: Human diseases Nutritional requirements Osmosis RT: Paralytic shellfish poisoning Nutritive value Permeability Separation Diastrophism Dietary fibre Turbulence NT: Crustal shortening UF: Digestible fibre Water circulation Water mixing Diatom culture Diets USE: Phytoplankton culture NT: Balanced diets Diffusion (dye patch) Basic diets USE: Dye dispersion Diatom ooze RT: Animal nutrition BT: Siliceous ooze Artificial feeding Diffusion coefficients RT: Diatomites Dietary deficiencies UF: Diffusivity Diatoms Feed efficiency BT: Exchange coefficients Fossil diatoms Nutrition disorders RT: Diffusion Nutritional requirements Eddy diffusivity Diatomites Nutritive value BT: Siliceous rocks Diffusive convection RT: Diatom ooze Differential distribution USE: Double diffusion Diatoms SN: Restricted to areal distribution of the life history stages of aquatic Diffusivity Diatoms organisms USE: Diffusion coefficients SN: Microscopic one-celled algae. BT: Geographical distribution Used as descriptor for ASFA-2 only; RT: Life cycle Digestibility for ASFA-1, use taxonomic BT: Organoleptic properties descriptor BACILLARIOPHYCEAE Differential equations RT: Digestion BT: Algae SN: Including integral equations RT: Diatom ooze BT: Equations Digestible fibre Diatomites RT: Eigenfunctions USE: Dietary fibre Finite element method Digestion Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane Harmonic analysis RT: Animal nutrition USE: DDT Integral equations Digestibility Nonlinear equations Digestive system Dichlorodiphynylethylene Numerical analysis Enzymatic activity USE: DDE Excretory products Differentiation (cells) Food absorption Dicothermal layer USE: Cell differentiation Food consumption USE: Temperature inversions Food conversion Diffraction Hydrolysis Dictionaries SN: Use of a more specific term is Ingestion USE: Glossaries recommended Metabolism NT: Light diffraction Physiology

76 ASFA THESAURUS

Digestive glands Dioxins Discard catch BT: Digestive system UF: Polychlorinated USE: Discards Exocrine glands dibenzodioxins NT: Hepatopancreas BT: Chlorinated hydrocarbons Discarded catch Liver USE: Discards Pancreas Diploids RT: Alimentary organs Discards Pyloric caeca Direction SN: Fish released/returned to the NT: Wave direction sea, dead or alive, whether or not Digestive system Wind direction brought fully on board a fishing SN: Before 1995 search also RT: Azimuth vessel. DIGESTIVE TRACT Direction finding UF: Discard catch UF: Digestive tract Direction indicators Discarded catch Gastrointestinal system Directional spectra RT: By catch BT: Anatomical structures Echo ranging NT: Alimentary organs Horizon Discoloration Digestive glands USE: Discolouration RT: Abdomen Direction finding Digestion RT: Direction Discolored water Oesophagus Navigation USE: Discoloured water

Digestive tract Direction indicators Discolouration USE: Digestive system BT: Instruments UF: Discoloration NT: Compasses RT: Chromatic pigments Digital data records RT: Direction Colour USE: Digital records Vanes Degradation Pigments Digital records Directional spectra Staining UF: Digital data records UF: Directional wave spectra BT: Records BT: Spectra Discoloured water RT: Analog records RT: Direction SN: Before 1982 search also RED Data converters Energy spectra TIDES Internal waves UF: Discolored water Dikes (embankments) Long-crested waves BT: Water USE: Embankments Short-crested waves RT: Red tides Surface water waves Water colour Dilution Wave direction RT: Water mixing Discontinuity layers Directional wave spectra BT: Layers Dimensionless numbers USE: Directional spectra NT: Halocline NT: Mixing ratio Lysocline RT: Froude number Directories Nepheloid layer Prandtl number BT: Documents Pycnocline Ratios Scattering layers Reynolds number Disasters Thermocline Rossby number UF: Catastrophes RT: Environmental factors Disasters (natural) Interfaces Dimensions Natural disasters Thermal stratification NT: Amplitude RT: Accidents Area Droughts Discus-shaped buoys Capacity Earthquakes BT: Buoy hulls depth El Nino phenomena Height Emergencies Disease control Length Floods BT: Control Size Hazards RT: Aetiology Thickness Hurricanes Disease detection Volume Storm surges Disease resistance Width Tsunamis Diseases RT: Morphometry Volcanic eruptions Epidemiology Shape Pathogens Spatial variations Disasters (man-made) Pest control USE: Accidents Prophylaxis Dimorphism (sexual) Therapy USE: Sexual dimorphism Disasters (natural) USE: Disasters

77 ASFA THESAURUS

Disease detection Symptoms Dispersions (chemical) BT: Detection Therapy USE: Colloids RT: Aetiology Virulence Disease control Displacement Diseases Disinfectants SN: Weight of water displaced by Symptoms UF: Antiseptics vehicle; weight in water Therapy RT: Chemical compounds RT: Flotation Chlorine Motion Disease preventive treatment Disinfection Weight USE: Prophylaxis Pesticides Display behaviour Disease resistance Disinfection BT: Behaviour UF: Disease susceptibility RT: Chlorination RT: Agonistic behaviour Pathogen resistance Dechlorination Courtship Resistance to disease Disinfectants BT: Biological resistance Microbial contamination Disposal (waste) RT: Disease control Pathogens USE: Waste disposal Diseases Water purification Drug resistance Disputes Environmental effects Disorders (biological) UF: Conflict of interests Immunity USE: Diseases Conflicts Vaccination NT: Fishery disputes Disorders (human) RT: International law Disease susceptibility USE: Human diseases Legal aspects USE: Disease resistance Dispersal phenomena Dissipation (water waves) Disease transmission USE: Dispersion USE: Wave dissipation UF: Transmission of diseases RT: Diseases Dispersants Dissociation SN: Chemicals used to contribute BT: Chemical reactions Disease treatment to the break-up of an oil spill at RT: Pyrolysis USE: Therapy sea UF: Dispersing agents Dissolution Diseases BT: Agents UF: Solution UF: Disorders (biological) RT: Anticoagulants BT: Separation processes Morbidity Dispersion NT: Calcite dissolution NT: Animal diseases Oil removal RT: Exchange capacity Deficiency diseases Oil spills Leaching Environmental diseases Solvents Solubility Haematological diseases Surfactants Solutions Human diseases Solvent extraction Husbandry diseases Dispersing Solvents Infectious diseases USE: Dispersion Supersaturation Metabolic disorders Nutrition disorders Dispersing agents Dissolved chemicals Plant diseases USE: Dispersants UF: Dissolved mineral resources Tumours RT: Chemical compounds RT: Aetiology Dispersion Chemical elements Carcinogens UF: Dispersal phenomena Hot brines Disease control Dispersing Solubility Disease detection Spreading Solutions Disease resistance NT: Biological drift Disease transmission Dye dispersion Dissolved gases Haemorrhage Light dispersion BT: Gases Histopathology Longitudinal dispersion NT: Dissolved oxygen Hosts Sound dispersion RT: Bubble disease Hygiene Wave dispersion Solubility Immunology RT: Deflocculation Solutions Medicine Dispersants Water analysis Microbial contamination Fate Mortality causes Mixing processes Dissolved inorganic carbon Natural mortality Separation BT: Dissolved inorganic matter Necroses Water mixing Inorganic carbon Pathogens Dissolved inorganic matter Pathology Dispersion (water waves) BT: Inorganic matter Prophylaxis USE: Wave dispersion NT: Dissolved inorganic carbon Sublethal effects RT: Solutions

78 ASFA THESAURUS

Dissolved mineral resources Distilled water Divergence USE: Dissolved chemicals BT: Water NT: Plate divergence RT: Distillation RT: Convergence Dissolved organic carbon Divergence zones BT: Dissolved organic matter Distortion Horizontal motion Organic carbon USE: Deformation Langmuir circulation RT: Total organic carbon Upwelling Distress signals Dissolved organic matter UF: Beacons (distress) Divergence zones SN: Before 1982 search BT: Alarm systems NT: Oceanic divergences ORGANIC SUSPENDED RT: Convergence zones MATTER Distributaries Divergence BT: Organic matter BT: Rivers Upwelling NT: Dissolved organic carbon RT: Deltas Water masses Dissolved organic nitrogen Fluvial morphology Dissolved organic phosphorus Tributaries Divergent margins RT: Solutions USE: Passive margins Distribution Dissolved organic nitrogen SN: Use of a narrower term is Diverging plate boundaries BT: Dissolved organic matter recommended UF: Accreting plate boundaries Organic nitrogen NT: Ecological distribution BT: Plate boundaries Gaussian distribution RT: Converging plate boundaries Dissolved organic phosphorus Geographical distribution Crustal accretion BT: Dissolved organic matter Geological distribution Mantle plumes Organic phosphorus Quantitative distribution Mid-ocean ridges Sediment distribution Plate divergence Dissolved oxygen Temporal distribution Rift zones UF: DO RT: Distribution records Spreading centres Oxygen content New records BT: Dissolved gases Divers Oxygen Distribution records RT: Diving RT: Abiotic factors RT: Biological charts Diving equipment Aeration Distribution Diving industry Aerobic respiration Type localities Diving physiology Anoxic basins Anoxic conditions Disturbance (ecosystem) Divers physiology Eutrophication USE: Ecosystem disturbance USE: Diving physiology Hydrographic sections Non-conservative properties Ditching Divers safety Oxygen minimum layer USE: Trenching USE: Diving regulations Oxygen profiles Water properties Diurnal rhythms Divers work Winkler method USE: Circadian rhythms USE: Working underwater

Dissolved salts Diurnal thermocline Diversity index BT: Salts BT: Thermocline USE: Species diversity RT: Brines RT: Diurnal variations Chlorine compounds Diving Desalination Diurnal tides NT: Deep-sea diving Fluorine compounds UF: Lunar diurnal tides Saturation diving Salinity Solar diurnal tides Scuba diving Salt budget BT: Tides RT: Divers Salt fingers Diving accidents Salt flux Diurnal variations Diving bells Salt lakes UF: Daily variation Diving equipment Sodium compounds BT: Periodic variations Diving hazards Water properties RT: Circadian rhythms Diving physiology Daily Diving regulations Distance Daytime Fishing by diving Diurnal thermocline Search and rescue Distant water fisheries Nighttime Spear fishing USE: High seas fisheries Nyctimeral rhythms Surveying underwater Distillation Photoperiodicity Underwater exploration BT: Separation processes Photoperiods Underwater medicine RT: Demineralization Vertical distribution Visibility underwater Desalination Vertical migrations Working underwater Distilled water

79 ASFA THESAURUS

Diving accidents Diving physiology Docking BT: Accidents SN: All physiological and medical USE: Berthing RT: Diving aspects of diving in man, mammals, Diving hazards and other animals, including Docks Diving regulations experimental laboratory studies USE: Port installations Drowning UF: Divers physiology Marine accidents BT: Physiology Documentation Mortality causes RT: Animal physiology RT: Bibliographic information Bone necrosis Data collections Diving bells Decompression sickness Documents BT: Manned vehicles Divers RT: Decompression chambers Diving Documentation services Diving Human physiology USE: Information services One-atmosphere systems Hyperthermia Saturation diving Hypothermia Documents Submersibles Pressure effects SN: Before 1982 search also Support ships Underwater medicine PUBLICATIONS Tethered vehicles Working underwater UF: Correspondence (letters) Underwater habitats Fisheries literature Working underwater Diving regulations Manuscripts (historical) UF: Divers safety Publications Diving chambers BT: Safety regulations NT: Atlases USE: Manned vehicles RT: Diving Bibliographies Diving accidents Biographies Diving equipment Catalogues UF: Diving gear Diving suits Collected papers Diving systems SN: Use for one-man equipment Directories BT: Equipment with articulated limbs Encyclopaedias NT: Decompression chambers BT: Diving equipment Expedition reports Diving suits RT: Manipulators Gazetteers Diving tools One-atmosphere systems Glossaries RT: Breathing apparatus Saturation diving Logbooks Communication systems Submersibles Manuals Compressors Umbilicals Tables Decompression tables Thesaurus Divers Diving surveys RT: Abstracts Diving BT: Surveys Audiovisual materials Diving industry RT: Surveying underwater Documentation Life support systems Underwater exploration Literature reviews Protective clothing Microforms Submersibles Diving systems Obituaries Support ships USE: Diving equipment Patents Surveying equipment Publicity material Diving tools Report literature Diving gear SN: Pertains to tools operated by divers Synopsis USE: Diving equipment UF: Tools (underwater) Transcription Underwater tools Translations Diving hazards BT: Diving equipment BT: Hazards RT: Underwater equipment Doldrums NT: Shark attacks Working underwater USE: Equatorial trough RT: Dangerous organisms Diving Diving vehicles Dolomite Diving accidents USE: Manned vehicles SN: Use only for mineral dolomite Drowning BT: Carbonate minerals Hyperthermia DNA RT: Dolostone SN: Before 1982 search Evaporites Diving industry DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID BT: Industries UF: Deoxyribonucleic acid Dolomite (rock) RT: Divers BT: Nucleic acids USE: Dolostone Diving equipment NT: cDNA Working underwater mtDNA Dolomitization RT: Chemotaxonomy BT: Diagenesis Diving medicine Genes RT: Calcitization USE: Underwater medicine Polymerization Calcium carbonates Dolostone DO Limestone USE: Dissolved oxygen

80 ASFA THESAURUS

Dolostone Doppler sonar Drag coefficient UF: Dolomite (rock) UF: Acoustic doppler sonar RT: Bed roughness BT: Carbonate rocks BT: Active sonar Drag RT: Dolomite RT: Doppler effect Kinetic energy Dolomitization Reynolds number Doppler sonar navigation Surface roughness Domes USE: Doppler navigation Wind stress BT: Anticlines Wind wave generation RT: Salt domes Dormancy RT: Aestivation Dragging nets Domestic species Hibernation USE: Bottom trawls SN: Species kept by man from the Metabolism wild Resting stages Drainage basins UF: Domesticated species Thermoregulation USE: River basins BT: Species RT: Cultured organisms Dormant stages Drainage water Domestication USE: Cysts SN: Drainage water of artificial or Introduced species natural origin Double diffusion Selective breeding BT: Water UF: Diffusive convection NT: Runoff Double diffusive convection Domestic wastes RT: Sewage Salt finger convection BT: Wastes Waste water Salt fingering RT: Detergents Water table BT: Molecular diffusion Organic wastes Watersheds RT: Double diffusive instability Sewage Microstructure Soaps Drawings Salinity gradients USE: Illustrations Salt fingers Domesticated species Temperature gradients USE: Domestic species Dredge spoil Vertical mixing BT: Wastes

Domestication RT: Dredgers Double diffusive convection RT: Captivity Dredging USE: Double diffusion Domestic species Spoil

Double diffusive instability Dominance hierarchies Dredged samples BT: Instability SN: Before 1982 search SOCIAL BT: Sediment samples RT: Double diffusion BEHAVIOUR RT: Dredges (geology) Trans-isopycnal mixing UF: Hierarchies (social)

Social hierarchy Dredgers Double kelvin waves NT: Pecking order UF: Dredging vessels USE: Kelvin waves RT: Competition BT: Surface craft

Social behaviour RT: Channels Douglas scale Territoriality Dredge spoil USE: Sea state scales Dredges Dominant species Downstream migrations Dredging BT: Species USE: Catadromous migrations Work platforms RT: Climax community Community composition Downward irradiance Dredges Ecological associations BT: Irradiance SN: Refers to fishing dredges only. Ecological succession Downward long wave radiation For sediment dredges use Multispecies fisheries UF: Atmospheric radiation DREDGES (GEOLOGY) Species diversity BT: Terrestrial radiation UF: Boat dredges Dredges (fishing) Doppler effect Downwelling Hand dredges UF: Doppler shift BT: Vertical water movement BT: Fishing gear RT: Doppler navigation RT: Convergence RT: Boats Doppler sonar Mixing processes Dredgers Oceanic convergences Doppler navigation Upwelling Dredges (fishing) UF: Doppler sonar navigation Water mixing USE: Dredges BT: Acoustic navigation Drag RT: Doppler effect NT: Form drag Dredges (geology) RT: Bottom stress BT: Sediment samplers Doppler shift Drag coefficient RT: Dredged samples USE: Doppler effect Friction Seafloor sampling Wind stress Wind wave generation

81 ASFA THESAURUS

Dredging Drift bottles Drill stem UF: Dredging (excavation) SN: Before 1982 search USE: Drill string RT: Dredge spoil DRIFTERS Dredgers UF: Bottle post Drill string Excavation underwater BT: Surface drifters UF: Drill stem Trenching RT: Drift cards RT: Drill pipe Drilling equipment Dredging (catching methods) Drift buoys Drills USE: Bottom trawling USE: Drifting data buoys Heave compensators

Dredging (excavation) Drift cards Drilling USE: Dredging SN: Before 1982 search SN: Before 1986 search also DRIFTERS OFFSHORE DRILLING Dredging vessels BT: Surface drifters UF: Boring USE: Dredgers RT: Drift bottles Offshore drilling NT: Deep-sea drilling Dressing Drift currents RT: Boreholes SN: Removal of scales, head and USE: Wind-driven currents Coring tail from fish Drilling equipment UF: Fish dressing Drift lines Drilling platforms BT: Fish handling USE: Lines Heave compensators NT: Gutting Oil and gas exploration RT: Curing Drift nets Oil wells USE: Gillnets Production platforms Dried fish Seafloor sampling USE: Dried products Drifters Templates UF: Floats (current measurement) Underwater exploration Dried products Lagrangian drifters UF: Dehydrated products BT: Current measuring equipment Drilling devices Dried fish NT: Subsurface drifters USE: Drilling equipment Sun dried products Surface drifters BT: Processed fishery products RT: Drift Drilling equipment NT: Freeze-dried products SN: Before 1982 search RT: Cured products Drifting buoys DRILLING DEVICES Drying USE: Drifting data buoys UF: Drilling devices BT: Equipment Dried salted products Drifting data buoys NT: Drilling rigs USE: Cured products SN: Before 1985 search also RT: Corers DRIFT BUOYS Drill pipe Drift UF: Drift buoys Drill string NT: Ice drift Drifting buoys Drilling Ship drift Expendable drifting buoys Drilling fluids RT: Anchoring Lagrangian drifting buoys Drilling platforms Continental drift Satellite-tracked buoys Production platforms Drifters BT: Data buoys Motion Surface drifters Drilling fluids RT: Drifting stations UF: Drilling muds Drift (biological) Muds (drilling) USE: Biological drift Drifting stations Sludge (drilling fluids) BT: Oceanographic stations BT: Fluids Drift (continental) RT: Drifting data buoys RT: Drill pipe USE: Continental drift Ice islands Drilling equipment

Drift (genetic) Drill bits Drilling muds USE: Genetic drift USE: Drills USE: Drilling fluids

Drift (ice) Drill holes Drilling platforms USE: Ice drift USE: Boreholes SN: Use with type of offshore structures Drift (sediments) Drill pipe BT: Work platforms USE: Glacial deposits RT: Drill string RT: Drilling Drilling equipment Drilling equipment Drift (ships) Drilling fluids Drilling rigs USE: Ship drift Drilling rigs Drilling vessels Drills Production platforms

82 ASFA THESAURUS

Drilling rigs Drouths Drying UF: Oil rigs USE: Droughts UF: Drying of fish Rigs Fish drying BT: Drilling equipment Drowned valleys BT: Processing fishery products RT: Drill pipe UF: Rias NT: Freeze-drying Drilling platforms BT: Coastal inlets RT: Adsorption Production platforms Valleys Curing RT: Coastal landforms Dehydration Drilling ships Fjords Desiccation USE: Drilling vessels Submarine valleys Dewatering Submerged shorelines Dried products Drilling vessels Dry weight UF: Drilling ships Drowning Evaporation RT: Deep-sea drilling BT: Marine accidents Separation Drilling platforms RT: Bathing Water content Production platforms Diving accidents Surface craft Diving hazards Drying of fish Work platforms Mortality causes USE: Drying

Drills Drug resistance Duck-fish culture UF: Drill bits UF: Resistance to drugs USE: Agropisciculture BT: Sediment samplers BT: Biological resistance RT: Drill pipe RT: Control resistance Ductless glands Drill string Disease resistance USE: Endocrine glands Drugs Drogues Dumping BT: Surface drifters Drug toxicology USE: Ocean dumping RT: Anchors USE: Toxicology Buoys Dumping grounds Current measuring equipment Drugs USE: Waste disposal sites Lagrangian current measurement UF: Pharmaceutical products NT: Anaesthetics Dune stabilization Droplets Antibiotics RT: Beach erosion UF: Drops Aquatic drugs Coastal zone management Rain drops Narcotics Dunes BT: Hydrometeors Vaccines Erosion control RT: Bubble bursting RT: Alkaloids Vegetation cover Capillarity Antitumour agents Spray Antiviral agents Dunes Coagulants UF: Coastal dunes Drops Drug resistance Sand dunes (subaerial) USE: Droplets Hormones BT: Beach features Inhibitors RT: Beaches Dropsonde Medicine Bed forms BT: Profilers Pharmacology Coasts RT: Velocity profilers Steroids Dune stabilization Therapy Sand Dropwindsondes Vitamins Sand waves USE: Radiosondes Dry bulb temperature Dung Drought resistance USE: Air temperature USE: Manure BT: Biological resistance RT: Droughts Dry diving Dungeness crab fisheries Environmental effects USE: Deep-sea diving USE: Crab fisheries Temporary ponds Droughts Dry season Durability UF: Drouths BT: Seasons USE: Toughness BT: Weather hazards RT: Droughts RT: Arid environments Rainy season Duration Disasters Tropical environment RT: Wave parameters Drought resistance Tropical lakes Wind wave generation Dry season Wind wave parameters Rain Dry weight Rainfall BT: Weight Temporary ponds RT: Drying Water levels Water resources

83 ASFA THESAURUS

Dust Dynamic loads Dystrophic lakes NT: Cosmic dust BT: Loads (forces) UF: Dystrophic waters Eolian dust RT: Cyclic loading BT: Lakes RT: Air pollution Structural dynamics RT: Eutrophic lakes Atmospheric particulates Humic acids Dust clouds Dynamic positioning Oligotrophic lakes Haze BT: Positioning systems Stagnant water Radioactive contamination RT: Acoustic beacons Locating Dystrophic waters Dust (atmospheric) Navigation USE: Dystrophic lakes USE: Atmospheric particulates Thrusters Eagre Dust (cosmic) Dynamic response USE: Tidal bores USE: Cosmic dust BT: Instrument responses NT: Heave response Ears Dust (volcanic) Pitch response USE: Auditory organs USE: Volcanic ash Roll response Surge response Earth Dust clouds Yaw response RT: Earth atmosphere UF: Dust falls RT: Frequency Earth curvature Dust storms Earth history RT: Dust Dynamic topography Earth orbit Eolian transport UF: Geopotential topography Earth rotation Haze BT: Topography Earth sciences Volcanic ash RT: Dynamic height Earth structure Geostrophic flow Earth tides Dust falls Geostrophic method Earth tilt USE: Dust clouds Isobaric surfaces Geoid Streamlines Dust storms Surface slope Earth (soil) USE: Dust clouds Surface topography USE: Soils

Dye dispersion Dynamic viscosity Earth age UF: Diffusion (dye patch) BT: Viscosity USE: Age BT: Dispersion RT: Eddy viscosity RT: Dyes Momentum transfer Earth atmosphere Oceanic turbulence Shear SN: Before 1982 search also Turbulent diffusion Shear flow ATMOSPHERE (EARTH) Shear stress UF: Atmosphere (earth) Dyes Terrestrial atmosphere BT: Tracers Dynamical oceanography BT: Planetary atmospheres NT: Rhodamine B-dye BT: Oceanography NT: Stratosphere RT: Dye dispersion RT: Equatorial dynamics Tropopause Pigments Estuarine dynamics Troposphere Staining Fluid mechanics Upper atmosphere Fluid motion RT: Air Dynamic analysis Hydrodynamic equations Atmospheric chemistry BT: Analysis Marine geodesy Atmospheric motion Nearshore dynamics Atmospheric physics Dynamic height Ocean currents Atmospheric pressure UF: Geopotential Ocean-atmosphere system Degassing BT: Potential energy Seiches Earth RT: Dynamic height anomaly Shelf dynamics Greenhouse effect Dynamic topography Tides Heat budget Height Hygrometry Stream functions Dynamics Meteorology BT: Mechanics Ocean-atmosphere system Dynamic height anomaly NT: Cable dynamics Ozone UF: Geopotential anomaly Fluid dynamics BT: Anomalies Hydrodynamics Earth core RT: Dynamic height Sediment dynamics UF: Core (earth) Isobaric surfaces Structural dynamics BT: Earth structure Specific volume anomalies RT: Earth mantle Dysprosium Dynamic instability BT: Lanthanides USE: Instability

84 ASFA THESAURUS

Earth crust Earth sciences Slumping UF: Crust (earth) NT: Atmospheric sciences Tsunami generation BT: Earth structure Geology Tsunamis NT: Continental crust Geophysics Oceanic crust Oceanography Easterly waves Sial RT: Aquatic sciences RT: Equatorial easterlies Sima Earth Equatorial trough RT: Basement rock Tropical depressions Crustal shortening Earth structure Tropical meteorology Crustal structure NT: Aseismic zones Crustal thickness Asthenosphere Eastern boundary currents Earth mantle Basement rock BT: Boundary currents Epeirogeny Benioff zone RT: Coastal upwelling Isostasy Earth core Ekman transport Lithosphere Earth crust Tidal cycles Tectonophysics Earth mantle Lithosphere Ebb currents Earth currents Plates BT: Tidal currents USE: Telluric currents Seismic layers RT: Low tide Seismic zones Tidal cycles Earth curvature RT: Continents RT: Earth Earth Ecdysis Moho USE: Moulting Earth history RT: Atmosphere evolution Earth tides Ecdysones Earth UF: Tides (earth) USE: Ecdysons BT: Tidal motion Earth magnetic field RT: Atmospheric tides Ecdysons USE: Geomagnetic field Earth SN: Before 1982 search Geodesy HORMONES Earth magnetism Ocean loading UF: Ecdysones USE: Geomagnetism Tides Moulting hormones Tiltmeters BT: Hormones Earth mantle RT: Moulting SN: Before 1986 search also Earth tilt MANTLE RT: Earth Echinoderm fisheries UF: Mantle (earth) UF: Sea cucumber fisheries BT: Earth structure Earth waves Sea urchin fisheries NT: Lower mantle USE: Seismic waves BT: Shellfish fisheries Upper mantle RT: Coastal fisheries RT: Continental drift Earthquake loading Marine fisheries Degassing BT: Loads (forces) Earth core RT: Earthquakes Echo counting systems Earth crust Ground motion USE: Fish counters Mantle convection Seismic activity Mantle plumes Echo integration Moho Earthquake prediction USE: Echo integrators BT: Prediction Earth measurement RT: Earthquakes Echo integrators USE: Geodesy Warning services UF: Echo integration RT: Acoustic equipment Earth orbit Earthquake waves Echoes RT: Astronomy USE: Seismic waves Fish counters Earth Sonar detection Earthquakes Earth remote sensing UF: Seismic events Echo ranging USE: Geosensing BT: Geological hazards UF: Acoustic direction finding NT: Microearthquakes Acoustic distance measurement Earth rotation RT: Active margins Sound ranging BT: Rotation Disasters RT: Acoustic tracking systems RT: Chandler wobble Earthquake loading Active sonar Climatic changes Earthquake prediction Detection Earth Epicentres Direction Polar wandering Ground motion Echoes Tidal friction Seaquakes Echolocation Seismic activity Sonar detection Seismology

85 ASFA THESAURUS

Echo surveys Ecoclines Ecological crisis UF: Acoustic surveys BT: Clines UF: Ecological balance disruption BT: Surveys RT: Ecological distribution RT: Ecological balance RT: Echoes Ecological zonation Ecology Echosounders Environmental effects Echosounding Ecolabelling Pollution Fish sizing SN: Ecolabelling is generally a Fishery surveys voluntary system aimed at Ecological distribution Tracking encouraging sustainable use of BT: Distribution resources by giving consumers a RT: Biogeography Echoes clear choice. For fish products, a Biological rhythms RT: Acoustics distinctive logo or statement Ecoclines Echo integrators marks the product as having been Ecological zonation Echo ranging harvested in compliance with Ecology Echo surveys conservation and sustainability Ecosystems Echolocation standards Endemic species Echosounder profiles RT: Certification Environmental effects Echosounders Geographical distribution Echosounding Ecological aggregations Limiting factors UF: Aggregations (ecological) Migrations Echolocation RT: Environmental effects Relict species RT: Auditory organs Social behaviour Behaviour Ecological diversity Echo ranging Ecological associations USE: Species diversity Echoes SN: A characteristic association of Sonar detection animals and/or plants belonging Ecological efficiency Sound production to a particular habitat. Before SN: Ratio of production to food ingestion 1982 search ASSOCIATIONS UF: Efficiency (ecological) Echosounder profiles (ECOLOGICAL) RT: Energy budget BT: Analog records UF: Animal associations Food consumption RT: Bathymetric profiles Assemblages Nutritional requirements Echoes Associations (animal) Geological sections Associations (ecological) Ecological niches Vertical sections Organism associations USE: Niches RT: Aquatic communities Echosounders Biocoenosis Ecological physiology UF: Precision echosounders Biotopes USE: Ecophysiology BT: Acoustic equipment Climax community RT: Active sonar Cohorts Ecological sciences Depth recorders Colonies USE: Ecology Echo surveys Dominant species Echoes Ecological succession Ecological succession Echosounding Habitat SN: Before 1982 search Sound recorders Synecology SUCCESSION (ECOLOGICAL) Wave measuring equipment UF: Succession (ecological) Ecological balance RT: Aquatic communities Echosounding SN: The state of dynamic Climax community SN: For detection of organisms and equilibrium of a biotic Community composition abundance estimation, depth and community or ecosystem Dominant species bottom structure UF: Balance (ecological) Ecological associations UF: Depth finding Balance of nature Habitat BT: Depth measurement Biological balance Multispecies fisheries RT: Bathymetry Biological equilibrium Species diversity Bottom topography Ecosystem stability Echo surveys Stability (ecological) Ecological zonation Echoes RT: Ecological crisis UF: Intertidal zonation Echosounders Ecology Littoral zonation Remote sensing Ecosystem management Zonation (ecological) Scattering layers Ecosystems RT: Benthos Seafloor mapping Ecoclines Sound waves Ecological balance disruption Ecological distribution Soundings USE: Ecological crisis Intertidal environment Sub-bottom profiling Littoral zone Ecological baseline studies Sheltered habitats Eclipse (solar) USE: Baseline studies Substrata USE: Solar eclipse Tides Vertical distribution

86 ASFA THESAURUS

Ecologists Economic feasibility Ecosystem resilience BT: Scientific personnel SN: Before 1982 search UF: Resilience (ecosystem) NT: Freshwater ecologists FEASIBILITY RT: Colonization Marine ecologists BT: Feasibility Ecosystems RT: Ecology RT: Cost analysis Economic benefits Ecosystem stability Ecology USE: Ecological balance UF: Aquatic ecology Economic models Bionomics UF: Econometric models Ecosystems Ecological sciences BT: Mathematical models RT: Aquatic communities Lake ecology RT: Economic analysis Aquatic environment NT: Autecology Economics Bioenergetics Brackishwater ecology Biological production Ethology Economic resources Ecological balance Freshwater ecology USE: Resources Ecological distribution Genecology Ecology Marine ecology Economic species Ecosystem disturbance Palaeoecology USE: Commercial species Ecosystem management Parasitology Ecosystem resilience Phytosociology Economics Food webs Planktonology NT: Econometrics Niches Radioecology Fishery economics Trophic levels Synecology Globalization Trophic structure RT: Biofacies RT: Commerce Biogeography Economic models Ecotoxicology Biology Livelihoods BT: Toxicology Ecological balance Trade RT: Ecology Ecological crisis Ecological distribution Ecophene Ecotypes Ecologists SN: A type of individual SN: A biotype resulting from Ecophysiology developing as a result of a selection in a particular habitat Ecosystems physiological, as opposed to UF: Habitat types Ecotoxicology genetic, response to habitat RT: Adaptations Environmental conditions factors Biological speciation Phenology RT: Ecophysiology Habitat Photoperiodicity Phenotypes Typology Species Ecophysiology Ectocrines Econometric models UF: Ecological physiology RT: Hormones USE: Economic models Physiological ecology Metabolites BT: Physiology Econometrics RT: Aestivation Ectoderm SN: Statistical analysis of Biological resistance USE: Skin economic data with the aid of Ecology electronic computers Ecophene Ectoparasites BT: Economics Environmental effects BT: Parasites RT: Economic analysis Photoperiods RT: Ectoparasitism Linear programming Survival Epizoites Tolerance Lamprey attachment Economic analysis UF: Economic evaluations Ecosystem disturbance Ectoparasitism BT: Analysis UF: Disturbance (ecosystem) BT: Parasitism RT: Cost analysis RT: Ecosystems RT: Ectoparasites Econometrics Economic benefits Ecosystem diversity Ectosymbionts Economic models USE: Biodiversity USE: Symbionts Statistical analysis Ecosystem management Eddies (lee) Economic benefits SN: Management of aquatic USE: Lee eddies RT: Economic analysis ecosystems Economic feasibility BT: Management Eddies (oceanic) NT: Coastal zone management USE: Oceanic eddies Economic evaluations River basin management USE: Economic analysis RT: Ecological balance Eddy coefficients Ecosystems USE: Exchange coefficients Environment management

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Eddy conduction Edge waves Insect eggs UF: Eddy heat conduction BT: Trapped waves Oocytes Eddy heat flux RT: Beach cusps Resting eggs Turbulent heat transfer Rip currents RT: Egg counters BT: Heat transfer Tsunamis Embryology RT: Eddy conductivity Waves on beaches Embryonic development Heat conduction Embryos Turbulent diffusion Edible crab fisheries Fecundity USE: Crab fisheries Hatching Eddy conduction coefficient Incubation USE: Eddy conductivity Edible fish Oogenesis USE: Food fish Oviparity Eddy conductivity Oviposition UF: Eddy conduction coefficient Education Ovoviviparity BT: Eddy diffusivity UF: Fishery education Ovulation RT: Eddy conduction Teaching Vitellogenesis Thermal conductivity RT: Curricula Yolk Turbulence Education establishments Extension activities EH Eddy diffusion Fellowships USE: Redox potential USE: Turbulent diffusion Training Education establishments EIA Eddy diffusion coefficient UF: Schools USE: Environmental assessment USE: Eddy diffusivity Universities BT: Organizations Eigenfunctions Eddy diffusivity RT: Education SN: Solutions of differential equations UF: Eddy diffusion coefficient Research institutions satisfying specific conditions NT: Eddy conductivity Training centres RT: Differential equations RT: Diffusion coefficients Mathematics Thermal diffusivity EEZ Turbulence USE: Exclusive economic zone Ekman boundary layers Turbulent diffusion USE: Ekman layers Efferent nerves Eddy flux USE: Nerves Ekman circulation UF: Turbulent exchange USE: Ekman transport RT: Exchange coefficients Efficiency Mixing length RT: Calibration Ekman current Performance assessment USE: Ekman transport Eddy heat conduction USE: Eddy conduction Efficiency (ecological) Ekman layers USE: Ecological efficiency UF: Ekman boundary layers Eddy heat flux BT: Boundary layers USE: Eddy conduction Effluents NT: Bottom Ekman layer BT: Wastes Surface Ekman layer Eddy kinetic energy NT: Aquaculture effluents RT: Ekman spiral UF: Turbulent energy RT: Influents Vertical shear BT: Kinetic energy Outfalls RT: Mesoscale eddies Sewage Ekman pumping Waste water UF: Ekman suction Eddy stresses Wastewater treatment RT: Upwelling USE: Reynolds stresses Effluents (aquaculture) Ekman spiral Eddy viscosity USE: Aquaculture effluents BT: Hodographs UF: Kinematic eddy viscosity RT: Coriolis parameters BT: Viscosity Egg counters Ekman layers RT: Dynamic viscosity BT: Counters Wind-driven currents Eddy viscosity coefficient RT: Eggs Mixing length Ekman suction Momentum transfer Egg production USE: Ekman pumping Reynolds stresses USE: Fecundity Turbulence Ekman transport Turbulent diffusion Eggs UF: Ekman circulation Turbulent flow UF: Ova Ekman current Eddy viscosity coefficient BT: Sexual cells BT: Transport UF: Coefficient of eddy viscosity NT: Bird eggs Upwelling BT: Viscosity coefficients Brine shrimp eggs RT: Eastern boundary currents RT: Eddy viscosity Fish eggs El Nino phenomena

88 ASFA THESAURUS

El Nino phenomena Electric fences Electric shocking gear RT: Coastal upwelling BT: Guiding devices USE: Electrified gear Disasters RT: Electric fishing Ekman transport Electric stimuli Electric stimuli Southern oscillation Electrified gear BT: Stimuli Teleconnections RT: Electric fences Electric fields Electric fishing Elastic constants BT: Fields Electric organs BT: Constants RT: Electric currents Electrophysiology NT: Bulk modulus Electric potential Shear modulus Electrical conductivity Electrical conductance RT: Elasticity Electromagnetic radiation USE: Electrical conductivity Poisson's ratio Soil mechanics Electric fishing Electrical conductivity UF: Electro-fishing SN: Before 1982 search also Elastic waves BT: Catching methods ELECTRICAL CONDUCTANCE UF: Pressure waves RT: Electric fences UF: Conductance (electrical) Waves (elastic) Electric stimuli Conductivity (electrical) NT: Seismic waves Electrified gear Electrical conductance Sound waves Pump fishing BT: Electrical properties RT: Vibration Stupefying methods RT: Conductivity ratio Conductivity sensors Elasticity Electric generators CTD profilers UF: Anelasticity UF: Generators Electric fields BT: Mechanical properties BT: Electric power sources Electric impedance RT: Bulk modulus RT: Electrical equipment Electrical resistivity Compressibility Motors Refractive index Deformation Elastic constants Electric impedance Electrical conductivity sensors Flexibility BT: Electrical properties USE: Conductivity sensors Plasticity Impedance Poisson's ratio RT: Capacitance Electrical engineering Rock mechanics Electrical conductivity BT: Engineering Shear modulus Electrical resistivity Soil mechanics Electrical equipment Strain Electric organs BT: Equipment Stress (mechanics) UF: Electroreceptors NT: Electroacoustic devices Tensile strength RT: Bioelectricity Electrodes Electric stimuli Electronic equipment Electric arc welding Stinging organs RT: Batteries BT: Welding Electric cables RT: Electrodes Electric potential Electric generators UF: Electric potential difference Electric batteries RT: Current velocity Electrical exploration USE: Batteries Electric fields BT: Geophysical exploration Electrical properties RT: Coast effect Electric cables Electrodes Electrical resistivity BT: Cables Electromagnetism NT: Coaxial cables GEK Electrical insulation Power cables BT: Insulating materials Submarine cables Electric potential difference RT: Connectors USE: Electric potential Electrical properties Electrical equipment BT: Physical properties Riser cables Electric power plants NT: Capacitance Umbilicals USE: Power plants Dielectric constant Electric charge Electric power sources Electric impedance BT: Electricity UF: Power supplies Electrical conductivity RT: Bubble bursting Power systems Electrical resistivity Capacitance NT: Batteries RT: Capillarity Electrical properties Electric generators Chemical properties Electric currents Solar cells Electric charge UF: Currents (electric) Wave power devices Electric potential NT: Impressed currents RT: Electricity Electricity Telluric currents Energy resources Electroanalysis RT: Current density Motors Electrochemistry Electric fields Power consumption Electrodialysis Electricity Power plants Electrolysis

89 ASFA THESAURUS

Electrophoresis Cathodes Radar imagery Luminescence RT: Electric arc welding Radiative transfer Thermodynamic properties Electric potential Radiometers Remote sensing Electrical resistivity Electrodialysis Thermal radiation UF: Resistivity (electrical) BT: Dialysis BT: Electrical properties RT: Desalination Electromagnetic survey RT: Electric impedance Electrical properties USE: Electromagnetic exploration Electrical conductivity Electrochemistry Electrical exploration Electrophoresis Electromagnetic waves Magnetotelluric methods USE: Electromagnetic radiation Permeability Electro-fishing Porosity USE: Electric fishing Electromagnetism BT: Magnetism Electricity Electrolysis RT: Electric potential NT: Atmospheric electricity BT: Chemical reactions Electricity Electric charge RT: Analysis Electromagnetic power RT: Electric currents Anions Electromagnetic radiation Electric power sources Cations Electrical properties Chemical degradation Electron microscopes Electromagnetism Corrosion USE: Electron microscopy Power consumption Electrical properties Electrochemistry Electron microscopy Electrified gear Electrolytes UF: Electron microscopes UF: Electric shocking gear Ion transport Scanning electron microscopy Electrified nets Oxidation BT: Microscopy BT: Fishing gear Polarization RT: Ultrastructure RT: Electric fences Polarography Electric fishing Voltammetry Electronic equipment Stupefying methods BT: Electrical equipment Electrolytes NT: Calculators Electrified nets RT: Electrolysis Computers USE: Electrified gear Robots Electrolytic analysis RT: Acoustic equipment Electroacoustic devices USE: Electroanalysis Airborne equipment BT: Acoustic equipment Electroacoustic devices Electrical equipment Electromagnetic exploration Electronic noise RT: Acoustic transducers UF: Electromagnetic survey Recording equipment Electronic equipment BT: Geophysical exploration Remote sensing equipment Pingers RT: Magnetotelluric methods Satellites Sensors Electroanaesthesia Electromagnetic power Sonar USE: Anaesthesia BT: Power from the sea Test equipment RT: Batteries Thermistors Electroanalysis Electromagnetism Thermocouples UF: Electrolytic analysis Transponders BT: Analysis Electromagnetic radiation RT: Chemical elements UF: Electromagnetic waves Electronic models Electrical properties Waves (electromagnetic) USE: Analog models Electrochemistry BT: Radiations Polarography NT: Gamma radiation Electronic noise Voltammetry Infrared radiation UF: Noise (electronics) Light RT: Electronic equipment Electrochemistry Microwaves Signal-to-noise ratio BT: Chemistry Radio waves RT: Chemical properties Solar radiation Electrophoresis Chemical reactions Terrestrial radiation UF: Electrophoretic analysis Corrosion Ultraviolet radiation BT: Analytical techniques Electrical properties X-rays RT: Biochemical analysis Electroanalysis RT: Electric fields Colloids Electrodialysis Electromagnetism Electrical properties Electrolysis Geosensing Electrochemistry Electrophoresis Lasers Electrodialysis Luminescence Separation Electrodes Magnetic fields Serological studies BT: Electrical equipment Nuclear radiations Serological taxonomy NT: Anodes Polarization

90 ASFA THESAURUS

Electrophoretic analysis Emergence Encystment USE: Electrophoresis SN: Appearance of the imago from SN: The formation by an organism of a the pupa-case or pupalintegument protective capsule surrounding itself Electrophoretic marking RT: Developmental stages BT: Biological phenomena USE: Marking Nymphs RT: Cysts Defence mechanisms Electrophysiology Emergencies Spores BT: Physiology RT: Accidents RT: Electric stimuli Disasters Endangered organisms Evacuation USE: Rare species Electroreceptors USE: Electric organs Emergency vessels Endangered species UF: Standby vessels USE: Rare species Elements RT: Fire fighting USE: Chemical elements Search and rescue Endemic species Support ships SN: A species confined naturally to Elements (chemical) Surface craft a certain limited area or region USE: Chemical elements UF: Indigenous species Emergent coasts BT: Species Elisa USE: Emergent shorelines RT: Biogeography Ecological distribution Elvers Emergent shorelines Endemism USE: Juveniles UF: Emergent coasts Geographical distribution BT: Coasts Introduced species Embankments RT: Deglaciation Migratory species UF: Dikes (embankments) Epeirogeny BT: Banks (topography) Progradation Endemicity NT: Levees Raised beaches USE: Endemism RT: Flood control Regressions Polders Submerged shorelines Endemism Semi-enclosed seas Uplift UF: Endemicity RT: Biogeography Embrittlement Emergent vegetation Endemic species RT: Brittleness RT: Aquatic plants Geographical distribution Cracking (corrosion) Vegetation cover Deterioration Endocrine disruptors Stress corrosion Emission spectroscopy SN: A synthetic chemical that when BT: Spectroscopic techniques absorbed into an organism either Embryology mimics or blocks hormones and BT: Biology Emissivity disrupts the normal functions of the RT: Eggs RT: Absorption coefficient organism. Known human endocrine Embryonic development Optical properties disruptors include but are not limited Embryos Radiance to: dioxin, PCBs, DDT, and some Morphogenesis Surface properties other pesticides. Ontogeny BT: Chemical pollutants Organogenesis Employees Vitellogenesis USE: Personnel Endocrine glands Zoology UF: Ductless glands Emulsions Endocrine systems Embryonic development RT: Colloids BT: Glands BT: Biological development Oil in water content NT: Adrenal glands RT: Eggs Solutions Gonads Embryology Pituitary gland Embryos Enclosures Thymus Morphogenesis BT: Barrages Thyroid Vitellogenesis RT: Fish ponds RT: Endocrinology Hormones Embryos Encrustations BT: Developmental stages USE: Concretions Endocrine systems NT: Foetus USE: Endocrine glands RT: Eggs Encyclopaedias Embryology UF: Encyclopedias Endocrinology Embryonic development BT: Documents BT: Physiology Larvae RT: Endocrine glands Encyclopedias Enzymes USE: Encyclopaedias Hormones Metabolism

91 ASFA THESAURUS

Endofauna Energy balance Engineering USE: Burrowing organisms Energy dissipation SN: Use of a more specific term is Energy flow recommended Endogenous rhythms Entropy NT: Aquaculture engineering USE: Biological rhythms Hydrologic cycle Chemical engineering Interface phenomena Civil engineering Endoparasites Nutrients (mineral) Coastal engineering BT: Parasites Electrical engineering RT: Endoparasitism Energy dissipation Fishery engineering Phagocytosis BT: Energy transfer Hydraulic engineering Toxicity NT: Wave dissipation Offshore engineering RT: Energy budget Petroleum engineering Endoparasitism Friction River engineering BT: Parasitism Sanitary engineering RT: Endoparasites Energy flow Structural engineering Phagocytosis RT: Energy RT: Design Energy balance Engineering drawings Endoskeleton Energy budget Engineers BT: Skeleton Food webs Technology NT: Bones Metabolism RT: Otoliths Solar radiation Engineering drawings Vertebrae counts Trophic levels UF: Blueprints Trophodynamic cycle BT: Graphics Endosymbionts RT: Design USE: Symbionts Energy flux Engineering USE: Energy transfer Endothelium Engineers USE: Epithelia Energy resources BT: Experts UF: Energy sources RT: Engineering Endotoxins BT: Natural resources SN: Poisonous substances NT: Geothermal power Engines produced and retained within a Hydroelectric power USE: Motors cell, and released only after death Power from the sea of the cell Solar power Enmeshing nets BT: Biological poisons Wind power USE: Gillnets RT: Bacteria RT: Electric power sources Bacterial diseases Energy Enstrophy Bacteriology Fossil fuels SN: Total squared vorticity Oil reserves BT: Vorticity Energy SN: Use does not include energy Energy sources Entanglement resources USE: Energy resources NT: Bird entanglement NT: Geothermal energy Fish entanglement Heat Energy spectra Mammal entanglement Kinetic energy UF: Power spectra Turtle entanglement Nuclear energy BT: Spectra Potential energy RT: Directional spectra Entangling nets Wave energy Frequency spectra UF: Trammels RT: Conservation of energy Water currents BT: Fishing nets Energy balance Water waves RT: Gillnets Energy budget Energy flow Energy transfer Enteric redmouth Energy resources UF: Energy flux USE: Redmouth disease Free energy Transfer of properties NT: Energy dissipation Enthalpy Energy balance Heat transfer BT: Thermodynamic properties RT: Energy Radiative transfer NT: Sublimation heat Energy budget RT: Air-water exchanges Vaporization heat Energy flow Air-water interface RT: Conservative properties Baroclinic instability Entropy Energy budget Barotropic instability Free energy NT: Heat budget Mass transfer Specific heat RT: Bioenergetics Moisture transfer Thermodynamics Calorimetry Momentum transfer Entomologists Cycles Wave energy BT: Zoologists Ecological efficiency Wave generation RT: Entomology Energy Wave interactions Taxonomists

92 ASFA THESAURUS

Entomology Environmental chemistry Environmental factors BT: Invertebrate zoology USE: Geochemistry Environments RT: Aquatic insects Evapotranspiration Entomologists Environmental conditions Hibernation RT: Ecology Natural selection Entrainment Environmental assessment Phenotypes SN: Intaking of free-floating Environmental charts Phenotypic variations organisms from surrounding Environmental diseases Resting stages waters through power plant Environmental effects Synecology screens. For entrainment as a Environmental factors Tolerance hydrodynamic process use Environmental surveys Vertical migrations TURBULENT ENTRAINMENT Environments Weathering UF: Plankton entrainment Limiting factors Power plant entrainment Sea state Environmental factors RT: Cooling water Wave climate NT: Abiotic factors Impingement Anthropogenic factors Turbulent entrainment Environmental contamination Biotic factors USE: Pollution RT: Discontinuity layers Entropy Environmental assessment BT: Thermodynamic properties Environmental degradation Environmental charts RT: Energy budget SN: Degradation of the aquatic Environmental conditions Enthalpy environment as a result of natural Environmental effects Heat transfer events or caused by man’s Environmental surveys Thermodynamics activities. Environments UF: Environment degradation Food availability Environment degradation Habitat degradation Habitat selection USE: Environmental degradation BT: Degradation Limiting factors RT: Aquatic environment Marine ecology Environment management Environmental impact Seismic activity SN: Management of the aquatic Man-induced effects Thermocline environment Pollution effects Water properties UF: Environmental planning BT: Management Environmental diseases Environmental impact RT: Aquatic environment SN: Diseases associated with SN: The change in well-being of Ecosystem management physical or physico-chemical the ecosystems, that results from Environmental legislation abnormalities of water a process set in motion or Environmental monitoring UF: Abiotic diseases accelerated by man's actions Environmental surveys BT: Diseases RT: Environmental assessment Nature conservation RT: Animal diseases Environmental degradation Resource conservation Environmental conditions Environmental legislation Resource management Husbandry diseases Globalization Waste treatment Sunburn Hazard assessment Man-induced effects Environmental assessment Environmental effects Pollution effects UF: EIA SN: Effects of environmental Environmental Impact conditions on living organisms Environmental Impact Assessment Assessment and fisheries USE: Environmental assessment RT: Environmental conditions NT: Culture effects Environmental effects Gravity effects Environmental legislation Environmental factors Group effects SN: Legislation for protection of Environmental impact Light effects aquatic environment and Environmental monitoring pH effects organisms Environmental surveys Pressure effects BT: Legislation Salinity effects NT: Pollution legislation Environmental charts Temperature effects RT: Conservation SN: Distributional charts of Tidal effects Environment management physico-chemical factors in RT: Aestivation Environmental impact aquatic environment Biological production Environmental protection BT: Maps Biological resistance Law of the sea RT: Environmental conditions Disease resistance Environmental factors Drought resistance Environmental monitoring Environmental surveys Ecological aggregations BT: Monitoring Environments Ecological crisis NT: Pollution monitoring Hydrographic charts Ecological distribution RT: Environment management Isohalines Ecophysiology Environmental assessment Isotherms Environmental assessment Environmental protection Environmental conditions Warning services

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Environmental planning Permeases Eolian processes USE: Environment management Proteinase UF: Aeolian processes NT: Allozymes RT: Eolian deposits Environmental pollution Carbonic anhydrase Eolian dust USE: Pollution Coenzymes Eolian transport Dehydrogenases Winds Environmental protection Hydrolases BT: Protection Isoenzymes Eolian transport NT: Shore protection Isomerases UF: Aeolian transport RT: Conservation Lyases BT: Sediment transport Environmental legislation Oxidoreductases RT: Dust clouds Environmental monitoring Phosphatase Eolian deposits Pollution control Transferases Eolian dust RT: Autolysis Eolian processes Environmental surveys Catalysts Volcanic ash BT: Surveys Colloids Wind abrasion NT: Limnological surveys Endocrinology Winds Oceanographic surveys Enzymatic activity Pollution surveys Enzyme inhibitors Eotvos correction RT: Aquatic environment Enzymolysis USE: Gravity corrections Biological surveys Fermentation Environment management Hormones Epeirogeny Environmental assessment Proteins SN: Movements which affect large Environmental charts tracts of the earth's crust Environmental conditions Enzymic activity UF: Bathygenesis Environmental factors USE: Enzymatic activity Vertical movements (geology) BT: Tectonics Environments Enzymolysis NT: Subsidence SN: Use of a more specific term is SN: Hydrolysis by means of Uplift recommended enzymes RT: Continents NT: Aquatic environment UF: Enzymatic hydrolysis Crustal adjustment Palaeoenvironments BT: Hydrolysis Crustal shortening Sedimentary environments RT: Enzymes Earth crust Tropical environment Emergent shorelines RT: Environmental charts Eocene Eustatic changes Environmental conditions SN: Before 1982 search EOCENE Ocean basins Environmental effects EPOCH Orogeny Environmental factors BT: Palaeogene Submerged shorelines Submergence Enzymatic activity Eolian deposits Vertical tectonics UF: Enzyme activity SN: Consolidated wind-blown Enzymic activity deposits Ephemeral lakes RT: Biosynthesis UF: Aeolian deposits USE: Temporary ponds Catalysts RT: Allochthonous deposits Digestion Clastics Ephemeris Enzymes Eolian processes USE: Nautical almanacs Metabolism Eolian transport Sabkhas Epibenthos Enzymatic hydrolysis Sandstone USE: Benthos USE: Enzymolysis Terrigenous sediments Volcanic ash Epibionts Enzyme activity UF: Epibiota USE: Enzymatic activity Eolian dust NT: Epiphytes SN: Restrict use to dust of Epizoites Enzyme inhibitors terrigenous origin found in RT: Epibiosis SN: Before 1982 search sediments, suspended particulate INHIBITORS matter or at sea surface Epibiosis BT: Inhibitors UF: Aeolian dust BT: Interspecific relationships NT: Cholinesterase inhibitors BT: Dust RT: Epibionts RT: Enzymes RT: Cosmic dust Epiphytes Metabolism Eolian processes Epizoites Eolian transport Symbiosis Enzymes Palaeoclimatology UF: Cellulase Suspended particulate matter Epibiota Heteroenzymes Terrigenous sediments USE: Epibionts Isodynamic enzymes Volcanic ash Ligases

94 ASFA THESAURUS

Epicentres Epithelium Equatorial circulation UF: Seismic epicentres USE: Epithelia SN: Before 1982 search RT: Earthquakes EQUATORIAL CURRENTS Seismology Epizoites UF: Equatorial current system BT: Epibionts Equatorial currents Epidemics RT: Commensalism BT: Ocean circulation RT: Epidemiology Ectoparasites RT: Equatorial countercurrents Infectious diseases Epibiosis Equatorial dynamics Mortality causes Equatorial undercurrents Pathology Epontic environment Equatorial upwelling Public health UF: Under-ice environment Monsoon reversal Quarantine regulations BT: Aquatic environment Tropical oceanography RT: Epontic organisms Epidemiology Equatorial countercurrents RT: Bacteriology Epontic organisms BT: Countercurrents Disease control UF: Under-ice organisms RT: Equatorial circulation Epidemics RT: Epontic environment Equatorial dynamics Infectious diseases Parasitology Epoxy resins Equatorial current system SN: Synthetic resins used for USE: Equatorial circulation Epidermis protective coatings and adhesives Equatorial currents USE: Skin RT: Adhesives USE: Equatorial circulation Plastic coatings Epilimnion Equatorial dynamics UF: Upper layers (lakes) Equation of continuity RT: Beta-plane RT: Hypolimnion UF: Conservation of volume Dynamical oceanography Metalimnion Continuity equation Equatorial circulation Surface layers BT: Equations Equatorial countercurrents Surface water RT: Conservation equations Equatorial trapped waves Thermal stratification Conservation of mass Equatorial undercurrents Thermocline Equations of state Equatorial upwelling Water column Fluid dynamics Monsoon reversal Planetary waves Epipelagic zone Equations Tropical meteorology SN: Waters above 200 m depth NT: Conservation equations Tropical oceanography UF: Photic environment Differential equations BT: Oceanic province Equation of continuity Equatorial easterlies RT: Euphotic zone Equations of motion BT: Trade winds Littoral zone Equations of state RT: Easterly waves Neritic province Hydrodynamic equations Equatorial waves Integral equations Equatorial westerlies Epiphytes Kortweg Devries equation BT: Epibionts Laplace equation Equatorial trapped waves RT: Epibiosis Morison's equation BT: Kelvin waves Periphyton Navier-Stokes equations RT: Equatorial dynamics Symbionts Nonlinear equations Poisson's equation Equatorial trough Epipsammic species Tidal equations UF: Doldrums USE: Epipsammon RT: Mathematics Equatorial calms BT: Low pressure troughs Epipsammon Equations of motion RT: Easterly waves SN: Organisms living attached to UF: Euler equations of motion Equatorial westerlies sand grain BT: Equations Intertropical convergence zone UF: Epipsammic species RT: Hydrostatic equation Tropical meteorology BT: Aquatic communities RT: Microorganisms Equations of state Equatorial undercurrents Psammon BT: Equations BT: Undercurrents Sand RT: Equation of continuity RT: Equatorial circulation Thermodynamics Equatorial dynamics Epithelia UF: Endothelium Equator Equatorial upwelling Epithelium RT: Latitude BT: Upwelling BT: Tissues RT: Equatorial circulation RT: Integumentary system Equatorial calms Equatorial dynamics Skin USE: Equatorial trough Equatorial waves BT: Water waves RT: Equatorial easterlies

95 ASFA THESAURUS

Equatorial westerlies Erosion Erythrocytes BT: Westerlies UF: Erosion (geology) UF: Red blood cells RT: Equatorial easterlies NT: Bottom erosion Red blood corpuscles Equatorial trough Coastal erosion BT: Blood cells Glacial erosion RT: Anaemia Equilibrium Scouring Erythropoiesis NT: Chemical equilibrium Soil erosion Erythropoiesis Geostrophic equilibrium Wind erosion RT: Erythrocytes Thermodynamic equilibrium RT: Denudation Haematology RT: Diffusion Erosion control Haemopoiesis Isostasy Erosion features Stability Sedimentation Erytrophores Steady state Slumping USE: Chromatophores Unsteady state Weathering Variability Escape of water Equilibrium constants Erosion (biological) USE: Floods USE: Chemical equilibrium USE: Bioerosion Escapement Equipment Erosion (geology) UF: Escapement rate SN: Only for papers in which the USE: Erosion RT: Avoidance reactions description, use, performance, or Catchability fabrication of equipment is the Erosion (thermocline) Survival main topic. Use of a more USE: Thermocline decay specific term is recommended Escapement rate UF: Plant (equipment) Erosion control USE: Escapement UF: Erosion prevention NT: Acoustic equipment Escarpments Airborne equipment Erosion protection BT: Control UF: Scarps Aquaculture equipment BT: Topographic features Deck equipment NT: Pipeline protection RT: Dune stabilization NT: Fault scarps Deicing equipment Submarine scarps Detectors Erosion Flood control RT: Fracture zones Detonators Median valleys Diving equipment Soil conservation Drilling equipment Eskers Electrical equipment Erosion features RT: Glacial features Feeding equipment UF: Coastal erosion features Fishery industry equipment RT: Deposition features Esophagus Geological equipment Erosion USE: Oesophagus Geophysical equipment Erosion surfaces Landforms Esters Instruments BT: Organic compounds Sedimentary structures Laboratory equipment NT: Phthalate esters Topographic features Limnological equipment RT: Lipids

Measuring devices Erosion platforms Mining equipment Estimation USE: Wave-cut platforms Oceanographic equipment USE: Approximation

Offshore equipment Erosion prevention Photographic equipment Estrogens USE: Erosion control Recording equipment USE: Sex hormones Remote sensing equipment Safety devices Erosion protection Estuaries Salvage equipment USE: Erosion control BT: Coastal inlets Sensors NT: Partially-mixed estuaries Shipboard equipment Erosion surfaces Salt-wedge estuaries Surveying equipment UF: Planation surfaces RT: Bays Test equipment BT: Surfaces Brackishwater environment Transducers RT: Erosion features Estuarine chemistry Underwater equipment Wave-cut platforms Estuarine dynamics RT: Calibration Estuarine front Components Erratics Estuarine sedimentation Machinery USE: Glacial erratics Estuarine tides Modules Fjords Monitoring systems Errors Inlets (waterways) Equipment catalogues NT: Analytical errors Tidal inlets USE: Catalogues RT: Approximation Corrections Estuarine aquaculture Erbium Resolution USE: Brackishwater aquaculture BT: Lanthanides

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Estuarine chemistry Brackishwater ecology Euphotic zone RT: Chemical limnology Estuarine fisheries SN: Upper level of ocean region from Chemical oceanography Salinity tolerance surface to limit of effective light Estuaries penetration Estuarine pollution UF: Photosynthetic zone Estuarine circulation USE: Brackishwater pollution RT: Aphotic zone USE: Estuarine dynamics Compensation depth Estuarine sedimentation Epipelagic zone Estuarine dynamics BT: Sedimentation Lenitic environment SN: Before 1982 search also RT: Estuaries Light penetration ESTUARINE CIRCULATION Intertidal sedimentation Marine environment UF: Estuarine circulation Sedimentary environments Mesopelagic zone BT: Shelf dynamics Tidal deposits Europium RT: Bay dynamics Tidal flats BT: Lanthanides Coastal oceanography RT: Europium isotopes Dynamical oceanography Estuarine tides Radioisotopes Estuaries BT: Tides Estuarine front RT: Estuaries Europium isotopes Estuarine tides Estuarine dynamics BT: Isotopes Flushing time Shallow water tides RT: Europium Longitudinal dispersion Longshore currents Ethane Euryhaline organisms Nearshore currents BT: Acyclic hydrocarbons USE: Euryhalinity Nearshore dynamics Salt wedges Ethene Euryhaline species Tidal currents UF: Ethylene USE: Euryhalinity Water mixing BT: Alkenes Euryhalinity Estuarine environment Ethology UF: Euryhaline organisms USE: Brackishwater environment SN: Study of all aspects of Euryhaline species behaviour using biological BT: Biological properties Estuarine fish methods. Before 1982 search RT: Osmoregulation USE: Brackishwater fish BEHAVIOUR Osmotic adaptations BT: Ecology Salinity tolerance Estuarine fisheries RT: Behaviour Stenohalinity SN: Fisheries in estuaries and coastal lagoons Ethylene Eurythermal organisms BT: Fisheries USE: Ethene USE: Eurythermy RT: Artisanal fishing Eurythermy Brackishwater fish Ethyne UF: Eurythermal organisms Coastal fisheries UF: Acetylene BT: Biological properties Estuarine organisms BT: Alkynes RT: Stenothermy Finfish fisheries Temperature tolerance Marine fisheries Etiology Oyster fisheries USE: Aetiology Eustasy River fisheries USE: Eustatic changes Euler equations of motion Estuarine front USE: Equations of motion Eustatic changes UF: Estuarine interface SN: World-wide sea level changes Freshwater-seawater interface Eulerian current measurement resulting from change in absolute BT: Oceanic fronts SN: Before 1982 search also volume of seawater due mainly RT: Estuaries EULERIAN METHODS to climatic change Estuarine dynamics (CURRENT MEASUREMENT) UF: Eustasy River plumes UF: Eulerian methods (current BT: Sea level changes measurement) RT: Climatic changes Estuarine interface BT: Current measurement Epeirogeny USE: Estuarine front RT: Acoustic current meters Progradation Regressions Estuarine molluscs Eulerian methods (current measurement) Retrogradation USE: Brackishwater molluscs USE: Eulerian current measurement Transgressions Water budget Estuarine organisms Eulittoral zone Eutrophic lakes UF: Brackishwater organisms BT: Littoral zone BT: Lakes BT: Aquatic organisms RT: Intertidal environment RT: Dystrophic lakes NT: Brackishwater fish Eutrophic waters Brackishwater molluscs Eutrophication RT: Brackishwater aquaculture Oligotrophic lakes

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Eutrophic waters Evaporation ponds Evolutionary retrogression RT: Brackishwater environment USE: Evaporation tanks USE: Degeneration Eutrophic lakes Eutrophication Evaporation reduction Examinations Inland water environment UF: Evaporation control USE: Inspection Marine environment BT: Damping RT: Water conservation Excavation underwater Eutrophication UF: Underwater excavation SN: The continuing process of Evaporation tanks RT: Dredging increasing fertility of water UF: Evaporation ponds RT: Dissolved oxygen BT: Tanks Excess Capacity Eutrophic lakes SN: Capability to harvest more Eutrophic waters Evaporites than is actually being harvested Hypertrophy BT: Authigenic minerals using same stock of inputs Nutrients (mineral) RT: Anhydrite (capital). Pollution effects Borate minerals BT: Fishing capacity Primary production Chemical sediments Water properties Dolomite Exchange capacity Water quality Gypsum UF: Cation exchange capacity Halite RT: Adsorption Evacuation Sabkhas Cations RT: Emergencies Salt deposits Dissolution Safety regulations Sedimentary rocks Ions Sodium chloride Solutions Evaluation UF: Appraisal Evapotranspiration Exchange coefficients NT: Performance assessment SN: Loss of water vapour from soil UF: Austausch coefficients Site selection surface and vegetation combined Eddy coefficients RT: Acceptability BT: Evaporation BT: Coefficients Certification Transpiration NT: Diffusion coefficients Feasibility RT: Environmental effects Viscosity coefficients Reliability Water balance RT: Eddy flux Water content Mixing length Evaporation BT: Vaporization Evisceration Exclusive economic zone NT: Evapotranspiration USE: Gutting UF: EEZ RT: Ablation Exclusive fishery zone Air temperature Evolution Exclusive fishing zone Air-ice interface SN: Use of a more specific term is Fishing zone Air-water exchanges recommended BT: Ocean space Air-water interface UF: Bioevolution RT: Allocation systems Bowen ratio Convergent evolution Coastal states Condensation Evolution (organisms) Contiguous zones Dehydration BT: Biological phenomena Fishery boundaries Desalination RT: Biogenesis Fishery protection Desiccation Biogeny Fishery regulations Diffusion Biological speciation Fishing rights Drying Bioselection Foreign fishing Heat budget Degeneration Illegal fishing Heat exchange Genetics Shared stocks Moisture Morphogenesis Territorial waters Moisture transfer Mutations Underwater exploitation Saturation New genera Sublimation New species Exclusive fishery zone Surface water Phylogenetics USE: Exclusive economic zone Transpiration Protists Water budget Sibling species Exclusive fishing rights Water properties USE: Fishing rights Water temperature Evolution (atmosphere) USE: Atmosphere evolution Exclusive fishing zone Evaporation control USE: Exclusive economic zone USE: Evaporation reduction Evolution (organisms) USE: Evolution Exclusive rights Evaporation fog BT: Rights USE: Fog Evolution (seawater) RT: Fishing rights USE: Seawater evolution Water rights

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Excretion Expeditions Expert systems NT: Defaecation SN: Use only for international USE: Artificial intelligence RT: Bioaccumulation projects involving simultaneous Excretory organs surveys of land, sea and air, e.g. Experts Excretory products IGY. For oceanographic surveys SN: Restricted to professionals involved Gastric evacuation use narrower term. Before 1982 with aquatic sciences and technology Secretion search also CRUISES UF: Professionals NT: Cruises Specialists Excretory organs Multiship expeditions BT: Personnel BT: Animal organs RT: Expedition reports NT: Engineers NT: Kidneys Exploration Technicians Spleen Surveys RT: Consultants RT: Bladders Scientific personnel Excretion Expeditions (multiship) Exploitation Excretory products USE: Multiship expeditions UF: Commercial exploitation Exploitation rate Excretory products Expeditions (one vessel) Resource exploitation NT: Faecal pellets USE: Cruises NT: Underwater exploitation Urine RT: Multiple use of resources RT: Digestion Expendable bathythermographs Resource availability Excretion USE: XBTs Resource development Excretory organs Expendable drifting buoys Exploitation (minerals) Exhibitions USE: Drifting data buoys USE: Mining UF: Trade shows RT: Conferences Expenses Exploitation (oil and gas) Museums USE: Costs USE: Oil and gas production

Exocrine glands Experimental culture Exploitation rate BT: Glands UF: Pilot-scale culture USE: Exploitation NT: Digestive glands RT: Aquaculture development RT: Mucins Cultures Exploration Mucus Experimental research SN: Use of a specific term is recommended Feeding experiments NT: Geographical exploration Exophthalmia Laboratory culture Geophysical exploration SN: Protruding of fish eyeballs as a Polar exploration result of accumulation of fluid or Experimental data Resource exploration gases at the back of the eye BT: Data Underwater exploration socket RT: Experimental research RT: Expeditions UF: Popeye Exploration rights BT: Symptoms Experimental fisheries Surveys RT: Bubble disease USE: Experimental fishing Exploration rights Exoskeleton Experimental fishing BT: Rights BT: Skeleton UF: Experimental fisheries RT: Exploration NT: Carapace Test fishing Cuticles BT: Fishing Exploratory behaviour Scales RT: Catching methods BT: Behaviour RT: Bony fins Exploratory fishing Chitin Fishing technology Exploratory drilling Shells Gear research USE: Oil and gas exploration

Expedition reports Experimental rearing Exploratory fishing SN: Final published reports USE: Rearing BT: Fishing containing results etc. of both RT: Experimental fishing cruises and multiship expeditions Experimental research Stock assessment BT: Documents SN: Research done in experimental RT: Atlases or laboratory conditions. Used Exploratory mining Cruise reports only as a qualifier USE: Mineral exploration Expeditions UF: Laboratory research Historical account Research (experimental) Explosions BT: Research NT: Nuclear explosions Expedition stations RT: Controlled conditions Underwater explosions USE: Cruise stations Experimental culture RT: Blasting Experimental data Explosives Fire Implosions

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Explosive fishing External anatomy Retinas SN: Handling of explosives for capture USE: Organism morphology RT: Vision of aquatic animals, mainly fish Visual stimuli BT: Catching methods External fertilization RT: Stupefying methods USE: Biological fertilization Eyestalk ablation USE: Eyestalk extirpation Explosive welding Exteroceptors USE: Welding USE: Receptors Eyestalk extirpation SN: Before 1982 search ORGAN Explosives Extinction coefficient REMOVAL BT: Hazardous materials SN: Before 1982 search UF: Eyestalk ablation NT: Shaped charges UF: Attenuation coefficient BT: Organ removal RT: Blasting BT: Optical properties RT: Eyestalks Detonators RT: Absorption coefficient Explosions Attenuance Eyestalks Light absorption BT: Eyes Exports Light attenuation RT: Eyestalk extirpation USE: Trade Water transparency Facies Exposed environment Extinction of species NT: Biofacies USE: Exposed habitats USE: Species extinction Lithofacies Metamorphic facies Exposed habitats Extracellular Sedimentary facies UF: Exposed environment RT: Cells Shelf facies BT: Habitat RT: Exposure tolerance Extraction (animal oil) Facsimile transmission Intertidal environment USE: Animal oil extraction BT: Data transmission Sheltered habitats Extraction (chemical) Factory ships Exposure to air USE: Chemical extraction BT: Support ships USE: Air exposure RT: Fishery industry equipment Exposure tolerance Extraction (salts) Fishery industry plants BT: Tolerance USE: Desalination Fishing vessels RT: Air exposure High seas fisheries Exposed habitats Extraterrestrial interactions Work platforms Sheltered habitats USE: Solar-terrestrial activity FADs Extended jurisdiction Extraterrestrial material USE: Fish aggregating devices UF: Extraterritoriality SN: Material of cosmic origin BT: Jurisdiction found in sediments Faecal pellets RT: Coastal states UF: Tektites UF: Fecal pellets Fishing rights NT: Cosmic dust BT: Excretory products Ocean space Cosmic spherules RT: Defaecation RT: Allochthonous deposits Extension activities Failures SN: Organized communication efforts Extraterritoriality SN: Significant result of damage, to spread information and/or bring USE: Extended jurisdiction defects or deterioration about changes in the knowledge, RT: Damage attitudes, skills and/or behaviour of a Extreme values Defects client population SN: Use with property or phenomena Deterioration UF: Outreach UF: Extremes Reliability Public outreach NT: Annual range Scouring RT: Education RT: Astronomical tides Settlement (structural) Technology transfer Extreme waves Training Fairings Extreme waves RT: Cables Extensive aquaculture RT: Extreme values USE: Extensive culture Surface water waves Fall Wave height USE: Autumn Extensive culture UF: Extensive aquaculture Extremes Fall season BT: Aquaculture techniques USE: Extreme values USE: Autumn RT: Brackishwater aquaculture Fish culture Eyes Falling gear Freshwater aquaculture BT: Photoreceptors USE: Cast nets Pond culture NT: Compound eyes Valliculture Eyestalks

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Fallout Fatigue (materials) Faunal provinces UF: Atmospheric fallout SN: Before 1982 search STRESS RT: Biogeography Radioactive fallout NT: Metal fatigue Fauna RT: Air pollution RT: Corrosion Atmospheric particulates Cyclic loading Feasibility Fission products Deterioration SN: More specific term is Nuclear radiations Stress (mechanics) recommended. Before 1995 search Radioactive aerosols Stress corrosion also FEASIBILITY STUDIES Radioactive contamination UF: Feasibility studies Radioactive pollutants Fats NT: Economic feasibility Radioactive wastes BT: Lipids Technical feasibility Radioactivity RT: Bile RT: Evaluation Fatty acids Production cost Family statistics Organic constituents Risks USE: Household statistics Fattening ponds Feasibility studies Fans USE: Growing ponds USE: Feasibility NT: Alluvial fans Deep-sea fans Fatty acids Feathers BT: Organic acids UF: Contour feathers FAO Code of Conduct for NT: Polyunsaturated fatty acids Filoplumes Responsible Fisheries RT: Fats Plumulae SN: The Code, elaborated by the Hydrocarbons BT: Integumentary system FAO Committee on Fisheries and RT: Aquatic birds adopted by the FAO Conference in Fault escarpments 1995, Code provides principles USE: Fault scarps Fecal pellets and standards applicable to the USE: Faecal pellets conservation, management and Fault scarps development of all fisheries UF: Fault escarpments Fecundity including the capture, processing BT: Escarpments SN: An organism's capacity to and trade of fish and fishery RT: Cliffs produce offspring products, fishing operations, Faults UF: Egg production aquaculture, fisheries research and Submarine scarps Fertility (reproductive) the integration of fisheries into Natality coastal area management. Fault zones BT: Biological properties RT: Faults RT: Brood stocks Farm ponds Fracture zones Eggs USE: Fish ponds Rift valleys Ovaries Rift zones Sexual maturity Farmed fish economics Rifting Sperm USE: Aquaculture economics Shear zone Testes

Fast ice Faults Federal governments BT: Floating ice UF: Faults (geology) USE: Governments RT: Ice shelves Geological faults Lake ice BT: Geological structures Federal jurisdiction Sea ice NT: Strike-slip faults USE: Jurisdiction Thrust faults Fat content Transform faults Fee fishing USE: Body conditions RT: Fault scarps SN: An enterprise in which catchable Fault zones organisms are stocked into ponds or Fate Graben lakes and customers pay for the SN: Fate of substances in the Rift valleys privilege of fishing environment Rock deformation BT: Fishing RT: Accumulation RT: Sport fishing Degradation Faults (defects) Dispersion USE: Defects Feed Permanence SN: Substances used for animal Persistence Faults (geology) feeding by man Weathering USE: Faults UF: Animal feed Artificial feed Fatigue (biological) Fauna BT: Livestock food USE: Biological stress NT: Aquatic animals NT: Pellet feeds RT: Biota RT: Feed efficiency Faunal provinces Feed preparation Feeding Feeding experiments

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Feed composition Feeding ground RT: Aluminium SN: Constituents and chemical USE: Nursery grounds Cobalt composition of artificial feeds Copper BT: Chemical composition Feeding migrations Ferromanganese oxides RT: Artificial feeding BT: Migrations Gallium Dietary deficiencies RT: Feeding Iron Feed efficiency Feeding behaviour Lead Feed preparation Oceanodromous migrations Magnesium Feeding experiments Manganese Feldspars Manganese deposits Feed conversion rate BT: Silicate minerals Molybdenum USE: Feed efficiency NT: Orthoclase Nickel Plagioclase Silver Feed efficiency Titanium UF: Feed conversion rate Fellowships Vanadium RT: Conversion factors UF: Scholarships Zinc Diets RT: Education Zirconium Feed Grants Feed composition Research programmes Ferromanganese oxides Feeding experiments BT: Manganese oxides Nutritive value Females RT: Ferromanganese nodules BT: Sex Iron Feed preparation NT: Women Manganese RT: Feed RT: Males Feed composition Ferrous alloys Feeding equipment Fenders BT: Alloys Feeding experiments RT: Ship mooring systems NT: Steel

Feeding Fermentation Ferrous compounds NT: Artificial feeding BT: Chemical reactions USE: Iron compounds RT: Activity patterns RT: Anaerobic bacteria Feed Enzymes Ferruginous deposits Feeding behaviour Fermented products BT: Chemical sediments Feeding equipment Yeasts RT: Ironstone Feeding migrations Food conversion Fermented fish paste Ferry terminals Nutrition USE: Fermented products UF: Container ports BT: Harbours Feeding behaviour Fermented fish sauce BT: Behaviour USE: Fermented products Fertility NT: Cannibalism SN: Restricted to environmental quality Foraging behaviour Fermented products RT: Biological production Grazing SN: Before 1982 search CURED RT: Feeding PRODUCTS Fertility (reproductive) Feeding migrations UF: Fermented fish paste USE: Fecundity Food chains Fermented fish sauce Food preferences BT: Processed fishery products Fertility vitamin Heterotrophic organisms RT: Fermentation USE: Vitamin E Predation Minced products Schooling behaviour Fertilization (biological) Trophic levels Ferric compounds USE: Biological fertilization Trophodynamic cycle USE: Iron compounds Fertilizers Feeding equipment Ferric phosphate SN: Products used for artificial BT: Equipment USE: Iron phosphates fertilization of soils or aquatic RT: Aquaculture equipment environment Feed preparation Ferries NT: Chemical fertilizers Feeding USE: Passenger ships Organic fertilizers Feeding experiments RT: Habitat improvement (fertilization) RT: Artificial feeding Ferromanganese nodules Nutrients (mineral) Dietary deficiencies SN: Nodules rich in Mn, Fe, Ni, Co, Experimental culture and Cu. Before 1982 search Festschriften Feed NODULES USE: Collected papers Feed composition UF: Manganese nodules Feed efficiency Polymetallic nodules Fetch Feed preparation BT: Nodules UF: Wave fetch Nutritional requirements Seabed deposits RT: Wave parameters

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Wind wave generation Films BT: Management Wind wave parameters SN: Use only for cinema films RT: Financial resources Winds BT: Audiovisual materials Financing RT: Filmstrips Fetus Photography Financial means USE: Foetus Videotape recordings USE: Financial resources

Fiber glass Films (surface) Financial resources USE: Fibre glass USE: Surface films UF: Capital resources Financial means Fiber optics Filmstrips BT: Resources USE: Fibre optics UF: Film strips RT: Financial institutions BT: Audiovisual materials Financial management Fiber rope (natural) RT: Films Financing USE: Fibre rope (natural) Slides (photographic) Financing UF: Fishery credit Fiber rope (synthetic) Filoplumes Funding USE: Fibre rope (synthetic) USE: Feathers RT: Financial institutions Financial management Fibre glass Filter feeders Financial resources UF: Fiber glass UF: Suspension feeders Grants BT: Materials BT: Heterotrophic organisms Insurance RT: Construction materials RT: Bacteria Investments Fibre optics Detritus Marketing Glass Lophophores Pricing Glass-reinforced plastics Nannoplankton Plankton feeders Fine structure (biology) Fibre optics USE: Ultrastructure UF: Fiber optics Filters BT: Technology SN: Use of a more specific term is Fine structure (ocean) RT: Fibre glass recommended USE: Finestructure Optics NT: Biofilters Finestructure Fibre rope (natural) Kalman filters SN: Variations in the vertical UF: Fiber rope (natural) Optical filters distribution of temperature, Natural fibre rope Water filters salinity and velocity with layer BT: Ropes RT: Filtration scales ranging from 1-100 cm RT: Fibre rope (synthetic) Filtration UF: Fine structure (ocean) Fibre rope (synthetic) NT: Bacterial filtration Finestructure (ocean) UF: Fiber rope (synthetic) Water filtration BT: Spatial variations Synthetic fibre rope RT: Filters RT: CTD observations BT: Ropes Screening CTD profilers RT: Fibre rope (natural) Microstructure Synthetic fibres Filtration (water) Vertical profiles USE: Water filtration Fields Finestructure (biology) SN: Use of a specific term is Fin ray counts USE: Ultrastructure recommended BT: Meristic counts NT: Baroclinic field RT: Fins Finestructure (ocean) Barotropic field USE: Finestructure Density field Fin rays Electric fields USE: Fins Finfish fisheries Gravity field BT: Fisheries Hydrothermal fields Fin spines NT: Clupeoid fisheries Ice fields USE: Fins Flatfish fisheries Light fields Gadoid fisheries Pressure field Financial institutions Mackerel fisheries Temperature fields UF: Banks (financial) Mullet fisheries Institutions (financial) Percoid fisheries Fillets (fish) BT: Organizations Redfish fisheries USE: Fish fillets RT: Financial resources Salmon fisheries Financing Shark fisheries Filletting Tuna fisheries BT: Fish handling Financial management RT: Demersal fisheries RT: Fish fillets UF: Business management Estuarine fisheries Film strips Credit management Marine fisheries USE: Filmstrips Investment management Pelagic fisheries

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Finfish nutrition Fire prevention Fish catch statistics USE: Animal nutrition UF: Fire protection SN: Catch tabulation of fish by Fire safety number or weight Finger bars RT: Fire BT: Catch statistics USE: Transverse bars Fire hazards RT: By catch Safety regulations Fish conversion factors Fingerlings BT: Fish larvae Fire protection Fish consumption RT: Fry USE: Fire prevention UF: Fish consumption statistics Seed (aquaculture) RT: Food fish Fire safety Human food Fingerprinting USE: Fire prevention

Fish consumption statistics Finite amplitude waves Fish USE: Fish consumption BT: Nonlinear waves SN: Use of a more specific term is

recommended. Used only for Fish conversion Finite difference method general papers dealing with fish USE: Fish handling BT: Numerical analysis of all kinds; always use RT: Approximation taxonomic name where given Fish conversion factors Finite element method UF: Fish species BT: Population factors BT: Numerical analysis Fishes RT: Fish catch statistics RT: Boundary value problems Ichthyofauna Differential equations BT: Aquatic animals Fish counters Functional analysis NT: Air breathing fish UF: Echo counting systems Bait fish Fish counting devices Fins Brackishwater fish BT: Counters UF: Fin rays Demersal fish RT: Acoustic equipment Fin spines Food fish Echo integrators BT: Locomotory appendages Forage fish NT: Bony fins Freshwater fish Fish counting devices RT: Fin ray counts Game fish USE: Fish counters Swimming Herbivorous fish Marine fish Fish culture Fiord dynamics Ornamental fish SN: Methods and techniques for USE: Fjord dynamics Pelagic fish fish culture Poisonous fish UF: Fish farms Fiords Trash fish Grouper culture USE: Fjords Tropical fish Milkfish culture Fire RT: Fish culture Pisciculture RT: Blowouts Fish diseases Sea bass culture Damage Fish handling Tilapia culture Explosions Fish inspection BT: Cultures Fire fighting Fish kill NT: Bait culture Fire hazards Fish physiology RT: Agropisciculture Fire prevention Fish poisoning Aquarium culture Ship losses Fish repellents Brackishwater aquaculture Smoke Fish wastes Cage culture Ichthyology Extensive culture Fire control Shellfish Fish USE: Fire fighting Freshwater aquaculture Fish (towed sensors) Hybrid culture Fire extinguishers USE: Towed sensors Intensive culture UF: Chemicals (fire fighting) Marine aquaculture RT: Fire fighting Fish aggregating devices Monoculture Safety devices SN: Artificial or natural floating objects Monosex culture placed on the ocean surface, to attract Polyculture Fire fighting schooling fish species, thus increasing Pond culture UF: Fire control their catchability Raceway culture RT: Emergency vessels UF: FADs Rice field aquaculture Fire RT: Attracting techniques Silo culture Fire extinguishers Thermal aquaculture Fire hazards Fish attracting Wastewater aquaculture BT: Hazards USE: Attracting techniques RT: Blowouts Fish balls Fish culture diseases Fire USE: Minced products USE: Husbandry diseases Fire prevention Oil spills

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Fish culture economics Fish freshness Fish location USE: Aquaculture economics USE: Quality control USE: Fish detection

Fish detection Fish fry collection Fish meal UF: Fish location USE: Seed collection SN: Before 1982 search BT: Detection POWDERED PRODUCTS RT: Fishing Fish furuncolosis BT: Powdered products Sonar detection USE: Boil disease NT: Fish flour Target strength RT: Fish meal processing Fish glue Fish wastes Fish diseases SN: Gelatinous liquid glue from Organic fertilizers UF: Shellfish diseases fish waste Tilapia diseases BT: Adhesives Fish meal processing BT: Animal diseases Processed fishery products BT: Processing fishery products NT: Boil disease RT: Fish wastes RT: Fish meal Bubble disease Gill disease Fish grading Fish mince Peduncle disease USE: Grading USE: Minced products Redmouth disease Sunburn Fish handling Fish nutrition Ulcerative dermal necrosis UF: Fish conversion USE: Animal nutrition Vibriosis Unloading Whirling disease BT: Handling Fish oil extraction RT: Fish NT: Dressing BT: Animal oil extraction Fish kill Filletting RT: Fish oils Fish physiology Heading Husbandry diseases RT: Fish Fish oils Parasitic diseases Processing fishery products SN: Oils extracted from fish, fish Protozoan diseases liver, fish wastes and marine Septicaemia Fish hooks mammals Tuberculosis USE: Hooks UF: Oils (fish) Viral diseases Sperm oils Fish impingement BT: Processed fishery products Fish dressing USE: Impingement RT: Byproducts USE: Dressing Fish oil extraction Fish inspection Fish wastes Fish drying SN: Monitoring of fish and fishery Stickwater USE: Drying products quality control BT: Inspection Fish paste Fish eggs RT: Fish USE: Minced products BT: Eggs Fish inspection regulations RT: Fish larvae Fishery products Fish pathology Ichthyoplankton USE: Pathology Fish inspection regulations Fish entanglement BT: Commercial legislation Fish physiology BT: Entanglement RT: Codex standards SN: Before 1982 search PHYSIOLOGY Fish inspection UF: Physiology (fish) Fish farms BT: Animal physiology USE: Fish culture Fish kill RT: Fish SN: Excessive or conspicuous Fish diseases Fish fillets mortalities of fish due to several Ichthyology UF: Block fillets causes Fish plants Fillets (fish) UF: Mass mortality USE: Fishery industry plants Side fillets NT: Winterkill BT: Processed fishery products RT: Fish Fish poisoning RT: Filletting Fish diseases SN: Capture of fish or other aquatic Gutting Mass extinctions animals by use of poisons of Mortality causes different origin Fish flour UF: Poison fishing SN: Fish meal prepared for human Fish larvae Poisoning consumption. Before 1982 search UF: Ammocetes Shellfish poisoning (catching method) POWDERED PRODUCTS Leptocephalus BT: Catching methods UF: Fish protein concentrate BT: Larvae RT: Fish BT: Fish meal NT: Fingerlings Stupefying methods Fish food organisms Fry USE: Food organisms RT: Fish eggs Ichthyoplankton

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Fish pond culture Fish solubles Multispecies fisheries USE: Pond culture USE: Stickwater Roe fisheries Shellfish fisheries Fish ponds Fish sounds Sponge fisheries UF: Farm ponds USE: Biological noise Subsistence fisheries BT: Ponds Turtle fisheries NT: Breeding ponds Fish species RT: Fishery development Growing ponds USE: Fish Fishery management Stocking ponds Fishery resources RT: Aquaculture facilities Fish spoilage Fishing Enclosures UF: Spoilage (fish) Fishing grounds Hatcheries RT: Quality control Pond culture Shrimp spoilage Fisheries biology Small scale aquaculture USE: Fishery biology Fish stocks Fish prices USE: Stocks Fisheries data USE: Pricing USE: Fishery data Fish storage Fish products SN: Before 1982 search STORAGE Fisheries hydrography USE: Fishery products UF: Storage (fish) USE: Fishery oceanography BT: Storage Fish protein concentrate NT: Live storage Fisheries institutions USE: Fish flour RT: Cold storage USE: Fishery institutions

Fish pumps Fish tracking Fisheries literature SN: Used for unloading small fish. USE: Tracking USE: Documents Before 1982 search HARVESTING MACHINES Fish traps Fisheries management BT: Pumps USE: Trap nets USE: Fishery management RT: Harvesting machines Fish utilization Fisheries organizations Fish rearing ponds NT: Shark utilization USE: Fishery organizations USE: Nursery ponds RT: Fishery products Processing fishery products Fisheries regulations Fish repellents USE: Fishery regulations UF: Shark repellents Fish waste utilization BT: Repellents USE: Waste utilization Fisheries resources RT: Fish USE: Fishery resources Fish wastes Fish resources BT: Organic wastes Fisheries sciences USE: Fishery resources RT: Fish USE: Fishery sciences Fish glue Fish roe Fish meal Fisheries statistics USE: Roes Fish oils USE: Fishery statistics Stickwater Fish sausage Fishermen USE: Processed fishery products Fish-cum-chicken culture RT: Fishermen statistics USE: Agropisciculture Livelihoods Fish scales USE: Scales Fish-cum-duck culture Fishermen statistics USE: Agropisciculture BT: Fishery statistics Fish scientists RT: Fishermen USE: Ichthyologists Fish-cum-pig culture USE: Agropisciculture Fishery aid Fish screens BT: Aid USE: Screens Fisheries UF: Capture fisheries Fishery biologists Fish seed Commercial fisheries BT: Biologists USE: Seed (aquaculture) NT: Bait fisheries RT: Algologists Canoe fisheries Carcinologists Fish silage Carangid fisheries Fishery biology UF: Liquid fish products Coastal fisheries Ichthyologists Silage from fish Demersal fisheries Malacologists Fish sizing Estuarine fisheries UF: Acoustic sizing techniques Finfish fisheries RT: Echo surveys Inland fisheries Target strength Marine fisheries

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Fishery biology Fishery economics Limnological institutions SN: Scientific complex of different SN: Economics of all aspects of Oceanographic institutions disciplines applied to biological fisheries, exploitation, production, research in fisheries processing, marketing, distribution, Fishery laws UF: Fisheries biology trade etc. USE: Fishery regulations BT: Biology BT: Economics Fishery sciences Fishery sciences Fishery legislation RT: Fishery biologists NT: Aquaculture economics USE: Fishery regulations Fishery limnology Capture fishery economics Fishery oceanography RT: Fishery management Fishery limnology Hydrobiology Fishery policy BT: Fishery sciences Ichthyology Limnology Fishery education RT: Fishery biology Fishery boundaries USE: Education Freshwater ecology BT: Boundaries Lake fisheries RT: Contiguous zones Fishery engineering Exclusive economic zone BT: Engineering Fishery litigation Fishery disputes Fishery sciences USE: Fishery disputes RT: Aquaculture engineering Fishery charts Catching methods Fishery management SN: Charts for use in fishery Gear research UF: Fisheries management operations including graphical BT: Resource management descriptions of fishing grounds Fishery industry RT: Fisheries BT: Maps SN: Including any industries of Fishery economics RT: Fishery surveys fishery products obtained by Fishery policy handling or processing methods Fishery conflicts UF: Fishing industry Fishery oceanography USE: Fishery disputes Tilapia industry SN: Applied investigations on BT: Industries oceanic conditions of fishing Fishery cooperatives RT: Commercial fishing regions or grounds USE: Cooperatives Fishery development UF: Fisheries hydrography Fishery industry equipment BT: Fishery sciences Fishery credit Fishery industry legislation Oceanography USE: Financing Fishery industry plants RT: Fishery biology Fishery policy Hydrography Fishery data Fishery products SN: Restricted to fishery operation data Packing fishery products Fishery organizations UF: Fisheries data Processing fishery products UF: Fisheries organizations BT: Data BT: Organizations RT: Catch statistics Fishery industry equipment RT: Cooperatives Catch/effort SN: Industrial equipment used for Fishery development Fishery statistics handling and processing fishery Fishery institutions Fishing effort products Fishery policy Fishing power BT: Equipment Fishery regulations Fishing time NT: Fishing gear RT: Factory ships Fishery policy Fishery development Fishery industry UF: Fishing policy BT: Resource development Fishery industry plants BT: Policies RT: Development projects Fishing vessels RT: Allocation systems Fisheries Fishery development Fishery industry Fishery industry legislation Fishery disputes Fishery institutions BT: Legislation Fishery economics Fishery organizations RT: Fishery industry Fishery industry Fishery policy Fishery management Fishery sciences Fishery industry plants Fishery organizations UF: Fish plants Fishery protection Fishery disputes RT: Factory ships Fishery regulations UF: Fishery conflicts Fishery industry Fishing rights Fishery litigation Fishery industry equipment Foreign fishing BT: Disputes RT: Fishery boundaries Fishery institutions Fishery policy UF: Fisheries institutions Fishery protection Fishery research institutions Fishery regulations BT: Research institutions Fishing rights RT: Fishery development Foreign fishing Fishery organizations Illegal fishing Fishery sciences

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Fishery products Fishery sciences Fisheries UF: Fish products UF: Fisheries sciences Fishing gear Primary fishery products NT: Fishery biology Fishing grounds Seafood products Fishery economics Fishing technology BT: Products Fishery engineering Fishing vessels NT: Processed fishery products Fishery limnology Livelihoods Sashimi Fishery oceanography RT: Aquaculture products RT: Fishery development Fishing bait Fish inspection Fishery institutions USE: Bait Fish utilization Fishery technology Fishery industry Marine sciences Fishing barriers Packing fishery products SN: Before 1982 search Fishery statistics BARRIERS Fishery products statistics SN: Including statistical tabulation UF: Barrier nets USE: Industrial products statistics of data Barriers (fishing) UF: Fisheries statistics BT: Barriers Fishery protection BT: Statistics RT: Coastal fisheries SN: Measures against illegal fishing by NT: Aquaculture statistics Lagoon fisheries foreign vessels in EEZ, territorial Catch statistics waters or protected fisheries Fishermen statistics Fishing boats BT: Protection Fishing vessels statistics USE: Fishing vessels RT: Exclusive economic zone Industrial products statistics Fishery disputes Landing statistics Fishing buoys Fishery policy Sport fishing statistics BT: Buoys Fishery regulations RT: Fishery data RT: Fishing gear Fishing rights Radio buoys Foreign fishing Fishery surveys Illegal fishing BT: Surveys Fishing by diving Protection vessels RT: Aerial surveys BT: Catching methods Surveillance and enforcement Echo surveys RT: Diving Fishery charts Pearl fisheries Fishery protection vessels Fishery resources Sponge fisheries USE: Protection vessels Ichthyoplankton surveys Stock assessment Fishing capacity Fishery regulations SN: Ability of a stock of inputs (capital) SN: Regulations on national rights to Fishery technology to produce output (measured as either fisheries and legislative management SN: Scientific research and effort or catch) of fisheries resources industrial techniques applied to NT: Excess Capacity UF: Fisheries regulations fishery industry Overcapacity Fishery laws BT: Technology RT: Common property resources Fishery legislation RT: Catching methods Overexploitation BT: Legislation Fishery sciences Overfishing NT: Mesh regulations Fishing technology Moratoria Fishing craft Quota regulations Fishes USE: Fishing vessels Season regulations USE: Fish Size-limit regulations Fishing effort Whaling regulations Fishing UF: Fishing effort statistics RT: Exclusive economic zone SN: Use of a more specific term is Fishing intensity Fishery disputes recommended; consult terms RT: Catch statistics Fishery organizations listed below. Before 1995 search Catch/effort Fishery policy also FISHING OPERATIONS Fishery data Fishery protection UF: Fishing operations Fishing power Fishing rights NT: Artisanal fishing Fishing time Maritime legislation Bait fishing Fishing effort statistics Fishery research institutions Commercial fishing USE: Fishing effort USE: Fishery institutions Experimental fishing Exploratory fishing Fishing equipment Fishery resources Fee fishing USE: Fishing gear UF: Fish resources Ice fishing Fisheries resources Indigenous fishing Fishing fleet BT: Living resources Intermediate fishing USE: Fishing vessels RT: Aquatic animals Line fishing Aquatic plants Sport fishing Fisheries Trap fishing Fishery surveys RT: Catching methods Stocks Fish detection

108 ASFA THESAURUS

Fishing gear Seine nets Liners SN: Technical description of gear used Surrounding nets Seiners mainly for commercial fishing Trap nets Trawlers purposes Trawl nets RT: Factory ships UF: Fishing equipment RT: Nekton collecting devices Fishery industry equipment BT: Fishery industry equipment Net fishing Fishing NT: Dredges Plankton collecting devices Fishing gear Electrified gear Fishing vessels statistics Fishing nets Fishing operations Mother ships Grappling gear USE: Fishing Support ships Harvesting machines Surface craft Lines Fishing overexploitation Work platforms Pots USE: Overfishing Wounding gear Fishing vessels statistics RT: Catching methods Fishing policy SN: Statistical data tabulated by types Fishing USE: Fishery policy of vessels and size categories Fishing buoys BT: Fishery statistics Fishing power Fishing power RT: Fishing vessels Fishing vessels RT: Catch/effort Gear construction Fishery data Fishing villages Gear materials Fishing effort Gear research Fishing gear Fishing zone Gear selectivity Fishing time USE: Exclusive economic zone Winches Fishing grounds Fishing rights Fishways RT: Fisheries SN: The legal right of fishing in a BT: Guiding devices Fishing given place at a given time RT: Anadromous migrations Fishing rights UF: Customary fishing rights Dams Spawning grounds Exclusive fishing rights Habitat improvement (physical) Submarine banks Fishing licenses Screens BT: Rights Water reservoirs Fishing harbours RT: Contiguous zones BT: Harbours Exclusive economic zone Fission products Exclusive rights UF: Debris (nuclear) Fishing industry Extended jurisdiction BT: Radioactive materials USE: Fishery industry Fishery disputes RT: Fallout Fishery policy Isotopes Fishing injuries Fishery protection Nuclear explosions USE: Injuries Fishery regulations Fishing grounds Fixation Fishing intensity Foreign fishing SN: Fixation methods used to kill and USE: Fishing effort Territorial waters preserve aquatic animal and vegetal organisms for laboratory purposes Fishing licenses Fishing seasons UF: Conservation (organisms) USE: Fishing rights USE: Season regulations Preservation (organisms) RT: Anaesthetics Fishing methods Fishing technology Fixatives USE: Catching methods SN: Before 1982 search Preservatives CATCHING METHODS Fishing mortality BT: Technology Fixatives UF: Fishing mortality coefficient RT: Catching methods UF: Fixing agents BT: Mortality Experimental fishing RT: Chemical compounds RT: Overfishing Fishery technology Cytology Total mortality Fishing Fixation Vulnerability Histology Yield Fishing time Fixed platforms RT: Catch statistics SN: Membered structures, permanently Fishing mortality coefficient Fishery data attached to the sea floor, with the USE: Fishing mortality Fishing effort working level above water Fishing power UF: Fixed structures Fishing nets Landing statistics BT: Offshore structures BT: Fishing gear NT: Gravity platforms Nets Fishing vessels Guyed towers NT: Cast nets UF: Fishing boats Piled platforms Entangling nets Fishing craft Tension leg platforms Gillnets Fishing fleet RT: Mobile platforms Lift-nets NT: Gillnetters Work platforms

109 ASFA THESAURUS

Fixed stations Flaws Flocculation BT: Oceanographic stations USE: Defects BT: Chemical precipitation NT: Inshore stations RT: Colloids Ocean stations Flexibility Coprecipitation RT: Monitoring systems UF: Rigidity Deflocculation Standard ocean sections BT: Mechanical properties Sewage treatment Time series RT: Deformation Suspended particulate matter Fixed structures Elasticity Suspension USE: Fixed platforms Poisson's ratio Flood control Fixing agents Flight behaviour UF: Flood prevention USE: Fixatives UF: Bird flight behaviour BT: Control Fixing position BT: Behaviour RT: Dams USE: Position fixing RT: Aquatic birds Embankments Flying Erosion control Fjord dynamics Flood forecasting SN: Water motion in fjords Floating Flood plains UF: Fiord dynamics RT: Ballast Floods BT: Shelf dynamics Capsizing Hydraulic engineering RT: Fjords River basin management Floating barriers Stream flow Fjords UF: Booms Water management UF: Fiords Oil booms Water reservoirs Fyords BT: Barriers Watersheds BT: Coastal inlets RT: Drowned valleys Floating cages Flood currents Estuaries BT: Cages BT: Tidal currents Fjord dynamics RT: High tide Fossil sea water Floating hoses Tidal cycles Glacial features BT: Hoses Inlets (waterways) RT: Loading buoys Flood forecasting Sill depth Tanker loading UF: Flood predictions Sills BT: Prediction Submerged shorelines Floating ice RT: Flood control BT: Ice Floods Flagella NT: Fast ice SN: Before 1982 search CILIA Ice islands Flood plains UF: Flagellum Ice shelves UF: Floodplains RT: Animal appendages Icebergs BT: Landforms Cilia Pack ice RT: Alluvial deposits Locomotory appendages RT: Ice caps Deltas Ice jams Flood control Flagellum Lake ice Floods USE: Flagella Leads Fluvial features Flaring Polynyas Fluvial morphology USE: Gas flaring Sea ice Levees Flatfish fisheries Plains UF: Flounder fisheries Floating structures River meanders Halibut fisheries BT: Offshore structures River valleys Plaice fisheries NT: Mobile platforms Rivers Sole fisheries Pontoons BT: Finfish fisheries RT: Barges Flood predictions RT: Longlining Buoy systems USE: Flood forecasting Trawling Ice rafts Flavor Surface craft Flood prevention USE: Taste Tension leg platforms USE: Flood control Floating trawls Flooding Flavour USE: Midwater trawls UF: Intentional inundation USE: Taste Inundation Floats (buoyancy) RT: Floods Flavour tests USE: Buoyancy floats Storm surges USE: Taste tests Tsunamis Floats (current measurement) Wave effects Flaw detection USE: Drifters Wetlands USE: Nondestructive testing Floats (subsurface) Flooding (disasters) USE: Subsurface drifters USE: Floods

110 ASFA THESAURUS

Flooding (irrigation) Flow measurement Fluid flow USE: Irrigation SN: Before 1984 search also BT: Fluid motion FLUID FLOW NT: Ageostrophic flow Floodplains MEASUREMENT Channel flow USE: Flood plains BT: Measurement Critical flow NT: Current measurement Density flow Floods Turbulence measurement Flow around objects UF: Escape of water Wind measurement Flow over surfaces Flooding (disasters) RT: Flow measuring equipment Geostrophic flow BT: Weather hazards Fluid flow Horizontal motion RT: Disasters Hydrothermal flow Flood control Flow measuring equipment Jets Flood forecasting BT: Measuring devices Laminar flow Flood plains NT: Current measuring equipment Multiphase flow Flooding Flowmeters Percolation Geological hazards Wind measuring equipment Plumes Storm surges RT: Flow measurement Potential flow Tsunamis Fluid flow Shear flow Water levels Stratified flow Flow over surfaces Turbulent flow Floor (ocean) SN: Use of a more specific term is RT: Flow measurement USE: Ocean floor recommended Flow measuring equipment BT: Fluid flow Fluids Flora NT: Air flow over land Froude number UF: Plants Air flow over water Oscillatory flow NT: Aquatic plants RT: Topographic effects Water currents Riparian vegetation Winds Weeds Flow over water surface Fluid mechanics RT: Biota USE: Air flow over water SN: Before 1982 search HYDRODYNAMICS Vegetation cover BT: Mechanics Flow sensors NT: Fluid dynamics Flotation USE: Flowmeters Hydrodynamics SN: Including flotation Hydrostatics mechanisms Flow structures RT: Dynamical oceanography RT: Buoyancy BT: Sedimentary structures Fluid motion Coagulation RT: Slumping Fluids Displacement Turbidity current structures Hydrostatic behaviour Fluid motion Surface properties Flowlines SN: Before 1982 search HYDRODYNAMICS Surface tension SN: Pipelines from underwater BT: Motion Swim bladder wellheads to manifolds or riser pipes NT: Baroclinic motion BT: Pipelines Barotropic motion Flotsam RT: Gathering lines Billows SN: Floating wreckage Manifolds Fluid flow UF: Jetsam Riser pipes Langmuir circulation RT: Solid impurities Wellheads Turbulent entrainment Surface drifters Unidirectional flow Wrecks Flowmeters Unsteady flow UF: Flow sensors RT: Anticyclonic motion Flounder fisheries BT: Flow measuring equipment Current meandering USE: Flatfish fisheries RT: Anemometers Dynamical oceanography Channel flow Fluid dynamics Flow around immersed structure Current meters Fluid mechanics USE: Flow around objects Current sensors Meandering Current velocity Planetary waves Flow around objects Thermistors Residual flow UF: Flow around immersed structure Wind measuring equipment Rotating fluids BT: Fluid flow Stream flow RT: Current scouring Fluid dynamics Tidal motion Lee eddies BT: Dynamics Vertical motion Wave forces Fluid mechanics Vortices NT: Aerodynamics Water circulation Flow cytometry RT: Atmospheric motion Water currents Equation of continuity Wave motion Flow in channels Fluid motion Fluid mud USE: Channel flow Water motion BT: Mud RT: Fluidization

111 ASFA THESAURUS

Fluidization Fluorinated hydrocarbons Fluvial morphology BT: Phase changes BT: Halogenated hydrocarbons UF: River morphology NT: Liquefaction NT: Freons BT: Geomorphology RT: Fluid mud RT: Alluvial deposits Fluidized sediment flow Fluorine Deltas Fluids BT: Halogens Distributaries Grain flow RT: Fluorine compounds Flood plains Slumping Fluorite Fluvial features Fluvial transport Fluidized sediment flow Fluorine compounds River banks BT: Sediment gravity flows BT: Halogen compounds River beds NT: Liquefied sediment flow NT: Fluorides River engineering RT: Cohesionless sediments RT: Brines River meanders Fluidization Chloric acid River valleys Pore pressure Chlorine compounds Rivers Pore water Chlorinity Terraces Dissolved salts Tributaries Fluids Fluorine SN: Use of a more specific term is Organic compounds Fluvial sedimentation recommended BT: Sedimentation NT: Body fluids Fluorite RT: Alluvial deposits Drilling fluids BT: Halide minerals Deltaic deposits Gases RT: Fluorine Fluvial deposits Liquids Fluvial transport Non-Newtonian fluids Fluorometers Rivers Rotating fluids USE: Fluorimeters Sedimentary environments RT: Fluid flow Fluid mechanics Flushing Fluvial transport Fluidization RT: Flushing time BT: Sediment transport Tidal inlets RT: Alluvial deposits Flumes Channel flow BT: Laboratory equipment Flushing time Fluvial deposits RT: Channels RT: Estuarine dynamics Fluvial morphology Wave tanks Flushing Fluvial sedimentation Lake dynamics River discharge Fluorescence Pollutants Rivers BT: Luminescence Renewal Fly ash RT: Biological properties Residence time BT: Ashes Bioluminescence RT: Air pollution Fluorescence microscopy Flute casts Atmospheric particulates Fluorescence spectroscopy USE: Current marks Fluorimeters Flyfishing Immunofluorescence Fluvial deposition features USE: Sport fishing Light scattering USE: Fluvial features Phosphorescence Flying Fluvial deposits UF: Bird flying Fluorescence microscopy RT: Fluvial features BT: Locomotion BT: Microscopy Fluvial sedimentation RT: Aquatic birds RT: Fluorescence Fluvial transport Flight behaviour Radiography Fluvial features Flysch Fluorescence spectroscopy UF: Fluvial deposition features BT: Clastics UF: Atomic fluorescence RT: Alluvial fans RT: Terrigenous sediments spectroscopy Bed forms BT: Spectroscopic techniques Channels Foams RT: Fluorescence Deltas SN: Including foaming phenomena Deposition features on the surface of water bodies Fluorides Flood plains RT: Air bubbles BT: Fluorine compounds Fluvial deposits Capillarity RT: Halides Fluvial morphology Colloids Levees Surface chemistry Fluorimeters River basins Whitecaps UF: Fluorometers River meanders Foetus RT: Fluorescence River valleys UF: Fetus Light measuring instruments Rivers BT: Embryos RT: Parturition Placenta

112 ASFA THESAURUS

Fog Food aid Feeding UF: Advection fog SN: International transactions that Food Arctic sea smoke result in the provision of aid in Food composition Evaporation fog the form of a food commodity in Mist a country deemed in need of Food conversion rate Radiation fog receiving such aid. USE: Food conversion Sea fog BT: Aid Sea mist Food cycle Sea smoke Food availability USE: Trophodynamic cycle Steam fog BT: Availability BT: Clouds RT: Biotic factors Food fish RT: Dew point Biotic pressure UF: Edible fish Haze Competition BT: Fish Upwelling Environmental factors RT: Fish consumption Visibility Food Food Weather Food chains Food organisms Food consumption Folds Food organisms Food for human consumption UF: Folds (geology) Starvation USE: Human food BT: Geological structures NT: Anticlines Food chains Food organisms Geosynclines BT: Food webs UF: Fish food organisms Nappes RT: Bioenergetics Live feed Structural domes Decomposers Live food Synclines Feeding behaviour Natural food RT: Rock deformation Food availability BT: Aquatic organisms Food organisms RT: Aquatic insects Folds (geology) Grazing Food availability USE: Folds Trophic levels Food chains Food fish Food Food colours Forage fish SN: Use of a more specific term is USE: Food additives Phytoplankton recommended Zooplankton NT: Human food Food composition Livestock food SN: Chemical composition of Food poisoning RT: Food absorption industrial aquatic products for RT: Allergic reactions Food additives human and animal consumption Bacteria Food availability BT: Chemical composition Botulism Food composition RT: Food Food Food consumption Food additives Microbial contamination Food conversion Food conversion Toxicity Food fish Food technology Food poisoning Nutritive value Food preferences Food technology RT: Feeding behaviour Food webs Food consumption Grazing Nutrition UF: Food consumption rate Nutritive value RT: Animal nutrition Food processing Bioenergetics USE: Food technology Food absorption Calories UF: Absorption (food) Digestion Food requirements RT: Digestion Ecological efficiency USE: Nutritional requirements Food Food Food resources Nutrition Food availability SN: For human consumption only Nutritional requirements BT: Natural resources Food additives Stomach content RT: Human food UF: Food colours Living resources Food stabilizers Food consumption rate Marine resources BT: Additives USE: Food consumption Renewable resources RT: Antioxidants Unconventional resources Food Food conversion Food composition SN: Efficiency of food conversion Food security Food technology by organisms SN: Freedom from hunger. The Vitamins UF: Assimilation (food) capability to produce an adequate Conversion efficiency amount of food for all consumers Food conversion rate at affordable prices. RT: Animal nutrition UF: Freedom from hunger Digestion

113 ASFA THESAURUS

Food stabilizers Forces (mechanics) Fossil diatoms USE: Food additives NT: Coriolis force BT: Vegetal fossils Friction RT: Diatom ooze Food technology Gravity SN: Restricted to industrial aquatic Loads (forces) Fossil foraminifera products for human and animal Stress (mechanics) BT: Animal fossils consumption RT: Foraminifera UF: Food processing Forearc basins Foraminiferal ooze BT: Technology BT: Structural basins RT: Food RT: Active margins Fossil fueled power plants Food additives Island arcs BT: Power plants Food composition Marginal basins RT: Fossil fuels Microbiology Ocean basins Processing fishery products Oceanic trenches Fossil fuels Subduction UF: Fuel resources Food webs BT: Fuels NT: Food chains Forecasting Subsurface deposits RT: Biological production USE: Prediction NT: Coal Cycles Natural gas Ecosystems Forecasts Petroleum Energy flow USE: Prediction RT: Energy resources Food Fossil fueled power plants Heterotrophic organisms Foreign fishing Hydrocarbons Trophic relationships SN: Refers to commercial fishing Nonrenewable resources Trophodynamic cycle by foreign vessels BT: Commercial fishing Fossil pollen Forage fish RT: Exclusive economic zone BT: Vegetal fossils SN: The prey of predatory fish Fishery disputes RT: Palynology BT: Fish Fishery policy Pollen RT: Food organisms Fishery protection Forage species Fishing rights Fossil pteropods BT: Animal fossils Forage species Foreign trade RT: Pteropod ooze SN: Species used as prey by a USE: Trade predator for its food Fossil radiolaria RT: Forage fish Foreset beds BT: Animal fossils BT: Deltaic features RT: Radiolarian ooze Foraging behaviour RT: Deltaic deposits BT: Feeding behaviour Deltaic sedimentation Fossil sea water RT: Grazing Foreshore BT: Sea water UF: Beach face RT: Fjords Foraminifera BT: Beach features Palaeoceanography SN: Used as subject descriptor in Relict lakes ASFA-2 only; in ASFA-1, used Forest industry as taxonomic descriptor BT: Industries Fossil spores RT: Foraminiferal ooze RT: Deforestation BT: Vegetal fossils Fossil foraminifera Forests RT: Palynology Micropalaeontology Forests Spores RT: Deforestation Fossilized tracks Foraminiferal ooze Forest industry BT: Trace fossils UF: Globigerina ooze BT: Calcareous ooze Form drag Fossils RT: Foraminifera BT: Drag NT: Animal fossils Fossil foraminifera RT: Bed roughness Vegetal fossils Bottom friction RT: Age determination Forced convection Archaeology BT: Convection Formulae Biofacies RT: Laminar flow RT: Mathematical models Calcification Prandtl number Fossil assemblages Forward scattering Living fossils Forced oscillations SN: Forward scattering of sound waves Palaeoclimate BT: Oscillations BT: Sound scattering Palaeoecology RT: Backscatter Palaeontology Forces Trace fossils NT: Centrifugal force Fossil assemblages Centripetal force RT: Biostratigraphy Foulers RT: Gravitation Fossils USE: Fouling organisms Inertia

114 ASFA THESAURUS

Fouling Frame surveys Freeze branding RT: Antifouling substances SN: A complete description of the USE: Cold branding Degradation structure of any system to be Fouling control sampled for collection of statistics. Freeze-dried products Fouling organisms In fisheries, it may include the BT: Dried products Scaling inventory of ports, landing places, RT: Freeze-drying number and type of fishing units Fouling control (boats and gears), and a description Freeze-drying UF: Fouling prevention of fishing and landing activity SN: Drying in frozen state; implies BT: Control patterns, fish distribution routes, water vacuum RT: Antifouling substances processing and marketing patterns, BT: Drying Biological control supply centres for goods and RT: Freeze-dried products Coating materials services, etc. Coating processes BT: Surveys Freezing Fouling BT: Phase changes Fouling organisms Francolite RT: Antifreezes Maintenance and repair BT: Phosphate minerals Cooling Freezing point Fouling organisms Freak waves Freezing storage UF: Foulers BT: Water waves Ice formation BT: Aquatic organisms RT: Catastrophic waves Icing RT: Biological damage Melting Boring organisms Free air anomalies Refrigeration Fouling BT: Gravity anomalies Solidification Fouling control RT: Free air gravity charts Sublimation Thawing Fouling prevention Free air correction USE: Fouling control USE: Gravity corrections Freezing point BT: Transition temperatures Foundations Free air gravity charts RT: Freezing UF: Marine foundations BT: Gravity charts Seabed foundations RT: Free air anomalies Freezing point depressants NT: Piles USE: Antifreezes RT: Settlement (structural) Free energy BT: Thermodynamic properties Freezing storage Fourier analysis RT: Energy UF: Cryopreservation SN: Before 1982 search Enthalpy Cryoprotectants HARMONIC ANALYSIS Frozen storage BT: Mathematical analysis Freedom from hunger BT: Cold storage RT: Fourier transforms USE: Food security RT: Freezing Harmonic analysis Frozen products Signal processing Free-fall corers Tidal analysis USE: Corers Freons Time series analysis Free-fall equipment BT: Fluorinated hydrocarbons Waveform analysis USE: Free-fall instruments Frequency Fourier transforms Free-fall instruments NT: Brunt-Vaisala frequency BT: Functional analysis UF: Free-fall equipment High frequency RT: Fourier analysis BT: Instruments Low frequency NT: Free-fall profilers Resonant frequency Fovea RT: Oceanographic equipment Wave frequency USE: Retinas RT: Dynamic response Free-fall profilers Frequency analysis Fracture zones BT: Free-fall instruments Frequency spectra BT: Submarine features Profilers Periodicity RT: Escarpments RT: Velocity profilers Fault zones Frequency (time) Mid-ocean ridges Free-swimming vehicles USE: Periodicity Plate tectonics SN: Underwater vehicles with 3-D Seafloor spreading manoeuvrability Frequency analysis Valleys BT: Underwater vehicles BT: Statistical analysis NT: Tethered free-swimming RT: Frequency Fractures vehicles Spectral analysis BT: Defects RT: Self-propelled vehicles Frequency spectra RT: Cracks Submersibles BT: Spectra Untethered vehicles RT: Energy spectra Frequency

115 ASFA THESAURUS

Fresh water Herbivorous fish Freshwater scientists SN: Including any type of surface and Inland fisheries UF: Limnologists subsurface waters. Before 1982 Inland water environment BT: Scientific personnel search also FRESHWATER Potadromous migrations NT: Freshwater ecologists BT: Water RT: Freshwater sciences RT: Freshwater aquaculture Freshwater ice Limnology Freshwater ecology BT: Ice Freshwater lakes RT: Glaciers Freshwater sedimentation Freshwater pollution Lake ice USE: Sedimentation Land ice Freshwater aquaculture Freshwater springs UF: Inland water aquaculture Freshwater lagoons USE: Water springs BT: Aquaculture USE: Inland lagoons RT: Agropisciculture Freshwater turtles Algal culture Freshwater lakes USE: Aquatic reptiles Bait culture BT: Lakes Cage culture RT: Fresh water Freshwater weeds Extensive culture UF: Pond weeds Fish culture Freshwater molluscs BT: Freshwater organisms Fresh water UF: Molluscs (freshwater) Freshwater plants Freshwater fish Mollusks (freshwater) Weeds Freshwater organisms BT: Freshwater organisms Frog culture Shellfish Freshwater-seawater interface Hybrid culture RT: Malacology USE: Estuarine front Monoculture Mollusc culture Prawn culture Mollusc fisheries Friction Raceway culture BT: Forces (mechanics) Rice field aquaculture Freshwater organisms NT: Bottom friction Shellfish culture BT: Aquatic organisms Tidal friction Thermal aquaculture NT: Freshwater crustaceans RT: Drag Freshwater fish Energy dissipation Freshwater crab culture Freshwater molluscs Roughness USE: Crab culture Freshwater weeds Wear RT: Freshwater aquaculture Freshwater crustaceans Freshwater ecology Fringing reefs UF: Crustaceans (freshwater) BT: Coral reefs BT: Freshwater organisms Freshwater parks RT: Barrier reefs Shellfish SN: Freshwater areas protected RT: Crustacean culture against human impact. Crustacean fisheries BT: Protected areas Crustacean larvae RT: Marine parks Frog culture Freshwater ecologists Protected resources UF: Amphibian culture BT: Ecologists Recreational waters Frog farms Freshwater scientists Refuges BT: Cultures RT: Freshwater ecology Sanctuaries RT: Agropisciculture Freshwater aquaculture Freshwater ecology Freshwater plants Polyculture UF: Biological limnology SN: Any microscopic or Pond culture Limnology (biological) macroscopic vegetal organism Worm culture Stream ecology living in the freshwater BT: Ecology environment Frog farms Freshwater sciences BT: Aquatic plants USE: Frog culture RT: Aquatic communities NT: Freshwater weeds Fishery limnology Frontal features Fresh water Freshwater pollution SN: Mesoscale features of convergence Freshwater ecologists BT: Water pollution in atmosphere and oceans Freshwater organisms RT: Acid rain BT: Mesoscale features Inland water environment Fresh water RT: Atmospheric fronts Groundwater pollution Convergence Freshwater environment Convergence zones USE: Inland water environment Freshwater sciences Frontogenesis BT: Aquatic sciences Oceanic fronts Freshwater fish NT: Freshwater ecology BT: Fish RT: Freshwater scientists Frontiers (national) Freshwater organisms Hydrobiology USE: International boundaries NT: Coarse fish Hydrology RT: Freshwater aquaculture Limnology

116 ASFA THESAURUS

Frontogenesis Fuels BT: Pesticides BT: Interface phenomena UF: Diesel fuels RT: Antibiotics RT: Air masses Heating fuels Fungal diseases Convergence Motor fuels Fungi Frontal features NT: Fossil fuels Mycology Fronts Liquefied petroleum gas Water masses RT: Fuel economy Fungous diseases Lubricants USE: Fungal diseases Fronts SN: Use of a more specific term is Fulvic acids Fungus diseases recommended BT: Organic acids USE: Fungal diseases NT: Atmospheric fronts RT: Humic acids Oceanic fronts Humus Fur Polar fronts USE: Hair Saline fronts Functional analysis Thermal fronts UF: Laplace transformation Furane RT: Convergence zones BT: Numerical analysis USE: Furans Frontogenesis NT: Fourier transforms Interfaces Harmonic analysis Furans RT: Finite element method UF: Furane Fronts (meteorology) Furfuran USE: Atmospheric fronts Functional morphology Polychlorinated dibenzofurans BT: Biology BT: Chlorinated hydrocarbons Frost resistance RT: Organism morphology USE: Cold resistance Furfuran Funding USE: Furans Froude number USE: Financing RT: Dimensionless numbers Furrows (deep-sea) Fluid flow Fungal diseases USE: Deep-sea furrows Inertia UF: Fungous diseases Kinetic energy Fungus diseases Furuncolosis Potential energy Mycoses USE: Boil disease Reynolds number Mycotic diseases BT: Infectious diseases Fyke nets Frozen products RT: Fungi USE: Trap nets BT: Processed fishery products Fungicides RT: Chilled products Gill disease Fyords Freezing storage Mycology USE: Fjords Refrigeration Parasitic diseases Thawing Gabbros Fungal gill disease BT: Igneous rocks Frozen storage USE: Gill disease USE: Freezing storage Fungal vaccines Gadoid fisheries USE: Vaccines UF: Capelin fisheries Fry Cod fisheries BT: Fish larvae Fungi Haddock fisheries RT: Fingerlings SN: In ASFA-1, use as taxonomic Hake fisheries Hatching descriptor; in ASFA-2, use as Pollack fisheries Seed (aquaculture) subject descriptor Whiting fisheries Seed collection RT: Aquatic plants BT: Finfish fisheries Bioerosion RT: Trawling Fucose Conidia BT: Monosaccharides Decomposers Gadolinium Fungal diseases BT: Lanthanides Fucosterol Fungicides BT: Sterols Microbial contamination Galatheid fisheries Microbiological analysis USE: Squat lobster fisheries Fuel economy Microbiological culture SN: Energy saving measures, Microorganisms Gale force winds including equipment and methods Mycology SN: Winds of 28-55 knots RT: Fuels Spores BT: Winds Resource conservation RT: Beaufort scale Fungicides Gusts Fuel resources SN: Before 1982 search Hurricanes USE: Fossil fuels PESTICIDES UF: Antifungals Gales Slimicides USE: Storms

117 ASFA THESAURUS

Gall bladder Gangrenes Gas processing BT: Bladders USE: Necroses SN: For field operations RT: Bile RT: Liquefied natural gas Garbage Oil and gas production Gallium USE: Litter Separation BT: Heavy metals RT: Ferromanganese nodules Garnet Gas production BT: Silicate minerals SN: Pertains to surface equipment and Game fish RT: Placers methods used to produce natural gas UF: Sport fish from underground reservoirs BT: Fish Gas BT: Oil and gas production RT: Sport fishing USE: Gases RT: Natural gas Sport fishing statistics Gas bladders Gas seepages Game theory USE: Swim bladder BT: Seepages BT: Operations research RT: Gas turbation RT: Mathematical models Gas bubble disease Natural gas Mathematical programming USE: Bubble disease Numerical analysis Gas solubility Probability theory Gas chromatography BT: Solubility Simulation BT: Chromatographic techniques RT: Gases

Gametes Gas condensate fields Gas terminals SN: Before 1995 search SEXUAL UF: Condensate fields RT: Liquefied petroleum gas CELLS BT: Oil and gas fields Natural gas BT: Sexual cells RT: Gas condensates Oil and gas industry Pipelines Gametogenesis Gas condensates Port installations BT: Morphogenesis BT: Petroleum Tanker terminals NT: Oogenesis RT: Gas condensate fields Spermatogenesis Natural gas Gas transfer RT: Sexual maturity USE: Gas exchange Gas embolism Gametophytes USE: Bubble disease Gas turbation BT: Sediment mixing Gamma radiation Gas exchange RT: Diagenesis UF: Gamma rays UF: Gas transfer Gas seepages BT: Electromagnetic radiation RT: Air-water exchanges Mixing processes RT: Gamma spectroscopy Air-water interface Pock marks Gases Gamma ray transmission Sediment-water exchanges Gas water separation USE: Gamma spectroscopy Gas fields BT: Separation BT: Oil and gas fields Gas well blowouts Gamma rays RT: Natural gas USE: Blowouts USE: Gamma radiation Gas flaring Gases Gamma spectroscopy UF: Flaring UF: Gas UF: Gamma ray transmission RT: Oil treating BT: Fluids BT: Spectroscopic techniques Waste disposal NT: Atmospheric gases RT: Gamma radiation Biogas Radioactivity Gas gathering Breathing mixtures USE: Gathering lines Compressed gas Gammaglobulins Dissolved gases USE: Globulins Gas hydrates Natural gas UF: Solid gas hydrates Rare gases Ganglia BT: Hydrocarbons RT: Air UF: Ganglion RT: Methane Ammonia Nerve ganglia Artificial aeration BT: Central nervous system Gas industry Gas exchange RT: Brain USE: Oil and gas industry Gas solubility Nerves Liquids Nervous tissues Gas oil separation Oil-gas interface UF: Oil gas separation Ganglion BT: Separation Gas-oil interface USE: Ganglia RT: Oil and gas production USE: Oil-gas interface

118 ASFA THESAURUS

Gastric evacuation RT: Fishing gear Gene products RT: Excretion Gear construction RT: Genes Stomach content Gear research Genecology Gastrointestinal system Gear research BT: Ecology USE: Digestive system RT: Experimental fishing RT: Genetic diversity Fishery engineering Genetic drift Gastropod fisheries Fishing gear Genetics UF: Abalone fisheries Gear construction Conch fisheries Gear materials General circulation (atmospheric) Ormer fisheries Gear selectivity USE: Atmospheric circulation Sea snail fisheries Whelk fisheries Gear selectivity General circulation (oceans) Winkle fisheries SN: Restricted to biological USE: Ocean circulation BT: Mollusc fisheries sampling and fishing gear RT: Marine fisheries UF: Gear efficiency Generation (sound waves) Trap fishing Trawl selectivity USE: Sound generation NT: Mesh selectivity Gathering lines RT: Fishing gear Generation (water waves) UF: Gas gathering Gear research USE: Wave generation BT: Pipelines RT: Flowlines Geiger counters Generators BT: Counters USE: Electric generators Gauges RT: Radioactivity BT: Measuring devices Genes NT: Strain gauges GEK BT: Chromosomes Tide gauges UF: Geomagnetic electrokinetograph NT: Alleles RT: Current measuring equipment RT: DNA Gaussian distribution Electric potential Gene expression BT: Distribution Oceanographic equipment Gene products RT: Statistical analysis Genetics Gelbstoff Genotypes Gazeteers UF: Yellow substance Mutations USE: Gazetteers RT: Water colour Genetic abnormalities Gazetteers Gels BT: Abnormalities SN: Before 1995 search BT: Colloids RT: Albinism GAZETEERS RT: Thixotropy Genetics UF: Gazeteers Gemmules Mutations BT: Documents RT: Asexual reproduction Teratogens RT: Atlases Budding Teratology Colonies Gear construction Gender Genetic diversity UF: Cage construction USE: Sex UF: Genetic variation Net construction RT: Biodiversity RT: Fishing gear Gene banks Genecology Gear materials SN: Any collection of genetic Gear research material kept to ensure the future Genetic drift availability of that material for UF: Drift (genetic) Gear efficiency conservation, study or protection Genetic selection USE: Gear selectivity purposes. Seawall wright effect BT: Bioselection Gear handling Gene expression RT: Genecology RT: Davits RT: Genes Genetic isolation Deck equipment Mutations Deployment Gene mutations Population genetics Recovery USE: Mutations Winches Genetic engineering Gene pool USE: Biotechnology Gear materials SN: The sum total of all the genes SN: Description and different types of all the individuals in a Genetic factors of synthetic material used in population USE: Genomes construction of gear, fishing nets, RT: Alleles aquaculture equipment Genomes Genetic isolation BT: Materials Species diversity UF: Isolation (genetics) NT: Netting materials BT: Isolating mechanisms Yarns RT: Genetic drift

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Genetic markers Genetics Mean sea level SN: A gene or DNA sequence having a Genomes Plumbline deflection known location on a chromosome Hybridization and associated with a particular gene Karyotypes Geodetic coordinates or trait - can be used in family or Mutations RT: Coordinate systems population studies. Phenotypes Geodesy Subpopulations Geographical coordinates Genetic polymorphism Typology USE: Biopolymorphism Geodynamics Geochemical cycle USE: Tectonophysics Genetic selection BT: Chemical cycles USE: Genetic drift NT: Biogeochemical cycle Geographic information systems RT: Geochemistry USE: GIS Genetic variation Geochemical surveys USE: Genetic diversity BT: Surveys Geographical coordinates RT: Geochemistry NT: Latitude Genetically Modified Organisms Longitude SN: An organism in which the Geochemistry RT: Cartography genetic material has been altered UF: Environmental chemistry Coordinate systems anthropogenically by means of BT: Chemistry Geodetic coordinates gene or cell technologies NT: Biogeochemistry Geographical reference systems UF: GMOs Sediment chemistry Map projections Transgenic organisms RT: Atmosphere evolution Marsden squares RT: Biotechnology Geochemical cycle Plotting Genetics Geochemical surveys Position fixing Geological institutions Genetics Geology Geographical distribution UF: Heredity Geophysics SN: Distributional studies of BT: Biology Hydrology organisms and abiotic factors in NT: Cytogenetics Mineralogy aquatic environment Population genetics Petrology UF: Spatial distribution RT: Biological speciation Seawater evolution BT: Distribution Breeding NT: Differential distribution Clones Geochronology Horizontal distribution Evolution USE: Geochronometry Meridional distribution Genecology Geochronometry Vertical distribution Genes SN: Measurement of geologic time. Zonal distribution Genetic abnormalities Before 1982 search also RT: Allopatric populations Genetically Modified Organisms GEOCHRONOLOGY and Biological charts Genomes RADIOACTIVE DATING Cosmopolite species Genotypes UF: Age determination (earth sciences) Ecological distribution Hybridization Dating (earth sciences) Endemic species Hybrids Geochronology Endemism Morphogenesis BT: Measurement Geoclines Mutagens NT: Radiometric dating Geographical isolation Mutations RT: Age Migrations Nucleic acids Chronometers Quantitative distribution Polyploids Geological time Relict species Racial studies Stratigraphic correlation Sediment distribution Selective breeding Stratigraphy Sympatric populations Sibling species Geoclines Geographical exploration Genom BT: Clines SN: Geographical discovery - history USE: Genomes RT: Geographical distribution BT: Exploration RT: Polar exploration Genomes Geodesy Underwater exploration UF: Genetic factors UF: Earth measurement Genom BT: Geophysics Geographical isolation RT: Chromosomes NT: Coastal geodesy UF: Isolation (geographical) Gene pool Marine geodesy Spatial isolation Genetics RT: Datum levels BT: Isolating mechanisms Genotypes Earth tides RT: Geographical distribution Karyotypes Geodetic coordinates Nuclei Geoid Geographical reference systems Sexual cells Horizon NT: Marsden squares Genotypes Isostasy RT: Geographical coordinates RT: Genes Levelling

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Geography Geological exploration Geological structures NT: Biogeography USE: Geological surveys NT: Faults Palaeogeography Folds RT: Cartography Geological faults Graben Climatology USE: Faults RT: Sedimentary structures Geomorphology Structural geology Mapping Geological hazards Geological surveys BT: Hazards UF: Geological exploration Geoid NT: Earthquakes Geological mapping RT: Earth Landslides BT: Surveys Geodesy Volcanic eruptions NT: Geophysical surveys Geoid anomalies RT: Floods RT: Geological distribution Levelling Ground motion Geological maps Mean sea level Settlement (structural) Geological samples Micropalaeontology Slumping Oceanographic surveys Satellite altimetry Seafloor mapping Surface topography Geological history Seafloor sampling UF: History (geological) Seismic exploration Geoid anomalies RT: Geological time Site surveys BT: Anomalies Geology RT: Geoid Geological systems Gravity anomalies Geological institutions USE: Geological time Surface topography UF: Geophysical institutions BT: Research institutions Geological time Geological ages RT: Geochemistry UF: Geological ages USE: Geological time Geology Geological column Geophysics Geological record Geological charts Geological systems USE: Geological maps Geological mapping Geological time divisions USE: Geological surveys Geological time scale Geological collections Stratigraphic systems SN: Collections in museums, data Geological maps NT: Cenozoic banks etc. SN: Before 1982 search Mesozoic BT: Collections GEOLOGICAL CHARTS Palaeozoic RT: Geological samples UF: Geological charts Phanerozoic Geophysical charts Precambrian Geological column Geophysical maps RT: Geochronometry USE: Geological time BT: Maps Geological history Geological correlation NT: Gravity charts Radiometric dating BT: Correlation Isopach maps Stratigraphy NT: Stratigraphic correlation Magnetic charts Temporal distribution RT: Bathymetric charts Geological data Geological distribution Geological time divisions BT: Data Geological sections USE: Geological time RT: Bathymetric data Geological surveys Oceanographic atlases Geological time scale Geological deposition Sediment distribution USE: Geological time USE: Sedimentation Topographic maps Geologists Geological distribution Geological oceanography BT: Scientific personnel SN: Distribution of biota through USE: Marine geology RT: Geology geological time BT: Distribution Geological record Geology RT: Geological maps USE: Geological time BT: Earth sciences Geological surveys NT: Geomorphology Geological samples Glacial geology Geological domes BT: Samples Hydrology USE: Structural domes NT: Mineral samples Lithology Sediment samples Marine geology Geological equipment RT: Geological collections Petroleum geology BT: Equipment Geological surveys Petrology NT: Vane devices Sedimentology RT: Geophysical equipment Geological sections Stratigraphy Penetrometers BT: Vertical sections Structural geology Sediment samplers RT: Echosounder profiles Tectonics Sediment traps Geological maps RT: Geochemistry Stratigraphic traps Seismic profiles Geological history

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Geological institutions Seismic data Geopotential Geologists RT: Geophysical exploration USE: Dynamic height Geophysics Geophysical surveys Mineralogy Geophysics Geopotential anomaly Palaeontology USE: Dynamic height anomaly Palynology Geophysical equipment BT: Equipment Geopotential topography Geomagnetic electrokinetograph NT: Geothermal equipment USE: Dynamic topography USE: GEK Seismic equipment RT: Geological equipment Geosensing Geomagnetic field Geophysical exploration SN: Use for remote sensing of UF: Earth magnetic field Geophysical surveys earth surface from space. Before Magnetic field (earth) Geophysics 1986 search also REMOTE BT: Magnetic fields Gravity meters SENSING RT: Aeromagnetic surveys Magnetometers UF: Earth remote sensing Geomagnetism Oceanographic equipment Remote sensing (earth) Magnetic anomalies Tiltmeters Teledetection Magnetic field elements BT: Remote sensing Magnetic reversals Geophysical exploration NT: Airborne sensing Magnetic susceptibility UF: Geophysical methods Satellite sensing Magnetotelluric methods BT: Exploration RT: Electromagnetic radiation Pole positions NT: Electrical exploration Scientific satellites Remanent magnetization Electromagnetic exploration Telluric currents Geothermal exploration Geostrophic currents Gravity exploration USE: Geostrophic flow Geomagnetic reversals Magnetic exploration USE: Magnetic reversals Mineral exploration Geostrophic equilibrium Oil and gas exploration BT: Equilibrium Geomagnetic surveys Seismic exploration RT: Coriolis force USE: Magnetic exploration RT: Geophysical data Geostrophic flow Geophysical equipment Stream functions Geomagnetism Geophysical surveys UF: Earth magnetism Geophysics Terrestrial magnetism BT: Geophysics Geophysical institutions Magnetism USE: Geological institutions Geostrophic flow RT: Geomagnetic field Geophysical maps SN: Before 1982 search Magnetometers USE: Geological maps GEOSTROPHIC CURRENTS Magnetotelluric methods UF: Geostrophic currents Palaeomagnetism Geophysical methods BT: Fluid flow USE: Geophysical exploration NT: Quasi-geostrophic motion Geomorphology RT: Ageostrophic flow UF: Physiography Geophysical surveys Coriolis force BT: Geology SN: Used for surveys of specific Density field NT: Coastal morphology regions using geophysical methods Density stratification Fluvial morphology BT: Geological surveys Dynamic topography Lake morphology NT: Gravity surveys Geostrophic equilibrium RT: Geography RT: Geophysical data Geostrophic method Glacial geology Geophysical equipment Geostrophic transport Hydrology Geophysical exploration Geostrophy Palaeoclimatology Geophysics Level of no motion Sedimentology Site surveys Surface slope Seismology Spelaeology Geophysics Geostrophic flow calculation Topographic features BT: Earth sciences USE: Geostrophic method NT: Geodesy Geophones Geomagnetism Geostrophic method USE: Seismometers Palaeomagnetism UF: Geostrophic flow calculation Seismology RT: Density field Geophysical charts Tectonophysics Dynamic topography USE: Geological maps RT: Geochemistry Geostrophic flow Geological institutions Level of no motion Geophysical data Geology BT: Data Geophysical data Geostrophic transport NT: Geothermal data Geophysical equipment UF: Geostrophic volume transport Gravity data Geophysical exploration RT: Geostrophic flow Magnetic data Geophysical surveys

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Geostrophic volume transport Geothermal fluids Giant waves USE: Geostrophic transport USE: Hydrothermal solutions BT: Water waves RT: Wave height Geostrophic winds Geothermal gradient Wave-current interaction BT: Winds BT: Temperature gradients RT: Gradient currents RT: Thermal conductivity Gibberellins USE: Phytohormones Geostrophy Geothermal measurement RT: Ageostrophic flow UF: Sediment temperature Gibbing Geostrophic flow measurement USE: Gutting BT: Temperature measurement Geosynclines RT: Heat probes Gibbsite BT: Folds Sediment temperature BT: Oxide minerals RT: Orogeny Synclines Geothermal power Gill arches SN: Geothermal energy as a source USE: Gills Geotechnical data of power SN: Data on engineering properties UF: Hydrothermal energy Gill disease of sediments and rocks BT: Energy resources UF: Bacterial gill disease BT: Data Thermal power Fungal gill disease RT: Geotechnology RT: Geothermal energy BT: Fish diseases Power from the sea RT: Bacterial diseases Geotechnical properties Renewable resources Fungal diseases USE: Sediment properties Gills Geothermal properties Geotechnics BT: Physical properties Gill rakers USE: Geotechnology RT: Geothermal springs USE: Gills

Geotechnology Geothermal springs Gillnets SN: Before 1986 search also SOIL SN: Before 1982 search UF: Drift nets MECHANICS THERMAL SPRINGS Enmeshing nets UF: Geotechnics UF: Thermal springs (geothermal) Set nets BT: Technology BT: Water springs Tangle nets RT: Coastal engineering NT: Hydrothermal springs BT: Fishing nets Geotechnical data RT: Geothermal properties RT: Entangling nets Offshore engineering Water temperature Gillnetters Soil mechanics Geotropism Gillnetters Structural engineering BT: Tropism BT: Fishing vessels RT: Gravity RT: Gillnets Geotectonics Gravity effects USE: Tectonics Gillraker counts GER BT: Meristic counts Geothermal alteration USE: Production cost USE: Hydrothermal alteration Gills Germanium SN: Respiratory organs usually Geothermal data BT: Nonmetals specialized for gaseous exchange BT: Geophysical data RT: Germanium compounds in water. Before 1982 search RT: Geothermal exploration Germanium isotopes RESPIRATORY ORGANS UF: Gill arches Geothermal energy Germanium compounds Gill rakers BT: Energy BT: Chemical compounds BT: Respiratory organs RT: Geothermal power RT: Germanium RT: Aerobic respiration Hot springs Gill disease Hydrothermal activity Germanium isotopes Mantle BT: Isotopes Mantle cavity Geothermal equipment RT: Germanium BT: Geophysical equipment GIS NT: Heat probes Germination UF: Geographic information systems RT: Seeds BT: Information systems Geothermal exploration Spores RT: Spatial analysis BT: Geophysical exploration RT: Geothermal data Gestation Glacial deposition USE: Pregnancy USE: Glacial sedimentation Geothermal fields USE: Hydrothermal fields Geysers USE: Hot springs

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Glacial deposits Glacial periods Glitter UF: Drift (sediments) USE: Ice ages RT: Light reflection Glacial drift Reflectance Glacial-marine sediments Glacial sedimentation NT: Boulder clay UF: Glacial deposition Global Positioning Systems Glacial erratics BT: Sedimentation SN: A low cost system for finding RT: Allochthonous deposits RT: Glacial deposits three dimensional coordinates on Clastics Glaciers the earth using satellites. Glacial erosion Sedimentary environments UF: GPS Glacial features Glacial transport BT: Positioning systems Glacial sedimentation BT: Sediment transport Glacial transport RT: Glacial deposits Global radiation Ice drift Glacial features USE: Solar radiation Lake deposits Glaciers Moraines Ice rafting Global tectonics Rafting USE: Plate tectonics Terrigenous sediments Glacial-marine sediments Varves USE: Glacial deposits Global warming SN: An increase in the near surface Glacial drift Glaciation temperature of the Earth. This may USE: Glacial deposits RT: Climatic changes be a result of natural influences or Glacial epoch Deglaciation increased emissions of greenhouse USE: Pleistocene Glacial lakes gases due to human activities. Glaciers BT: Climatic changes Glacial erosion Ice ages RT: Greenhouse effect BT: Erosion Regressions RT: Glacial deposits Globalisation Glacial features Glacier ice USE: Globalization Glacial lakes USE: Glaciers Iceberg scouring Globalization Ploughmarks Glaciers SN: An umbrella term (having both SN: Glaciers and their influence on positive and negative connotations) Glacial erratics aquatic environment as regards the growing economic UF: Erratics UF: Glacier ice interdependence of countries Ice-rafted detritus BT: Ice worldwide through increasing BT: Glacial deposits RT: Ablation volume and variety of cross-border RT: Boulders Cryosphere transactions in goods and services, Ice ages Freshwater ice free international capital flows, and Ice rafting Glacial features more rapid and widespread diffusion Glacial features Glacial geology of technology. NT: Moraines Glacial sedimentation UF: Globalisation RT: Deposition features Glacial transport BT: Economics Eskers Glaciation RT: Environmental impact Fjords Ice volume Marketing Glacial deposits Icebergs Pricing Glacial erosion Water resources Socioeconomic aspects Glacial lakes Trade Glacial transport Glands Glaciers BT: Secretory organs Globigerina ooze Ploughmarks NT: Endocrine glands USE: Foraminiferal ooze Topographic features Exocrine glands RT: Metabolism Globulins Glacial geology SN: Before 1982 search PROTEINS BT: Geology Glass UF: Gammaglobulins RT: Geomorphology Serum globulins Glaciers NT: Obsidian RT: Fibre glass BT: Proteins Glacial lakes Palagonite SN: Lakes occupying basins Volcanic glass Gloria formed as a result of glaciation SN: Geological Long Range UF: Kettle lakes Glass-reinforced plastics Inclined Asdic Tarns BT: Plastics BT: Sonar BT: Lakes RT: Fibre glass RT: Side scan sonar RT: Glacial erosion Sonographs Glacial features Glauconite Glaciation BT: Micas Strandlines

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Glossaries Golgi apparatus Grading UF: Dictionaries UF: Golgi bodies UF: Fish grading Lexicons Golgi complex Grading devices BT: Documents BT: Cell organelles Size grading RT: Terminology RT: Cytoplasm Grading devices Glucosamine Golgi bodies USE: Grading BT: Hexosamines USE: Golgi apparatus RT: Chitin Grafting Golgi complex SN: Transplantation, implantation Glucose USE: Golgi apparatus or removal of tissue or organs BT: Monosaccharides RT: Histology RT: Aldehydes Gonad hormones Tissues USE: Sex hormones Glutamic acid Grafts BT: Amino acids Gonadosomatic index USE: Transplants

Glutathione Gonadotropic hormones Grain flow USE: Coenzymes USE: Sex hormones BT: Sediment gravity flows RT: Cohesionless sediments Glycerol Gonads Fluidization BT: Alcohols SN: Before 1995 search ANIMAL Liquefied sediment flow REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS Glycine BT: Animal reproductive organs Grain motion BT: Amino acids Endocrine glands USE: Particle motion NT: Ovaries Glycogen Testes Grain orientation BT: Carbohydrates BT: Orientation RT: Liver Goods RT: Grain properties Muscles USE: Products Sediment texture

Glycolic acid Government policy Grain packing BT: Organic acids USE: Policies RT: Grain properties Sediment texture Glycolipids Governments USE: Complex lipids UF: Federal governments Grain properties State governments BT: Sediment properties Glycoproteins RT: Countries RT: Grain orientation SN: Before 1982 search Policies Grain packing PROTEINS Political aspects Grain shape BT: Proteins Grain size RT: Antigens GPS Grain shape Hormones USE: Global Positioning Systems BT: Shape Glycosides RT: Grain properties BT: Carbohydrates Graben Sediment texture NT: Pigments SN: Structural rock feature down - Porphyrins thrown between two parallel faults Grain size Saponins relative to the surrounding area UF: Grain size distribution BT: Geological structures Sediment size GMOs RT: Faults BT: Size USE: Genetically Modified Rift valleys RT: Grain properties Organisms Grabs Granulometry BT: Sediment samplers Permeability Goethite Porosity BT: Oxide minerals Grades Sediment sorting USE: Quality Sediment texture Gold Wet bulk density BT: Heavy metals Gradient currents Transition elements BT: Water currents Grain size distribution RT: Gold compounds RT: Geostrophic winds USE: Grain size Placers Gradients Gramophone records Gold compounds NT: Density gradients USE: Audio recordings BT: Chemical compounds Salinity gradients RT: Gold Velocity gradients RT: Profiles Slopes (topography)

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Granite Gravel pits Gravity corers BT: Igneous rocks USE: Pits BT: Corers

Granitic layer Gravel waves Gravity corrections USE: Sial BT: Bed forms UF: Bouguer correction RT: Transverse bed forms Eotvos correction Grants Free air correction RT: Fellowships Gravimeters Latitude correction Financing USE: Gravity meters BT: Corrections Research programmes RT: Gravity exploration Gravimetric techniques Gravity surveys Granulometry BT: Analytical techniques BT: Measurement RT: Density Gravity data RT: Grain size Particle concentration BT: Geophysical data Sediment analysis RT: Gravity anomalies Graphic data presentations Gravity exploration USE: Graphics Gravimetry BT: Measurement Gravity effects Graphic methods RT: Gravity BT: Environmental effects NT: Graphical analysis Gravity exploration RT: Geotropism RT: Graphics Gravity meters Gravity Methodology Gravity surveys Graphical analysis Gravity exploration SN: Before 1982 search GRAPHIC Gravitation UF: Gravity methods METHODS RT: Forces BT: Geophysical exploration BT: Graphic methods Gravity RT: Coast effect RT: Statistical analysis Gravity meters Gravimetry Statistical tables Gravity anomalies Gravitational field Gravity charts Graphics USE: Gravity field Gravity corrections UF: Data presentation (graphics) Gravity data Graphic data presentations Gravity BT: Audiovisual materials BT: Forces (mechanics) Gravity field NT: Engineering drawings RT: Geotropism SN: Before 1982 search also Graphs Gravimetry GRAVITATIONAL FIELD Illustrations Gravitation UF: Gravitational field Map graphics Gravity anomalies BT: Fields Maps Gravity effects RT: Gravity RT: Graphic methods Gravity field Gravity anomalies Slides (photographic) Gravity waves Plumbline deflection Gravity induced flow Graphite Weight USE: Density flow BT: Minerals RT: Diamonds Gravity anomalies Gravity meters BT: Anomalies UF: Gravimeters Graphs NT: Bouguer anomalies BT: Measuring devices UF: Curves (graphs) Free air anomalies RT: Accelerometers BT: Graphics RT: Geoid anomalies Geophysical equipment NT: Growth curves Gravity Gravimetry Hodographs Gravity charts Gravitation Hypsometric curves Gravity data T/S diagrams Gravity exploration Gravity methods Wave refraction diagrams Gravity field USE: Gravity exploration RT: Isopleths Magnetic anomalies Profiles Gravity platforms Gravity anomaly charts BT: Fixed platforms Grappling gear USE: Gravity charts UF: Rakes Gravity surveys BT: Fishing gear Gravity charts BT: Geophysical surveys Gravel UF: Gravity anomaly charts RT: Gravimetry BT: Clastics BT: Geological maps Gravity corrections RT: Aggregates NT: Bouguer gravity charts Cohesionless sediments Free air gravity charts Gravity waves Sand RT: Gravity anomalies BT: Water waves Sediment load Gravity exploration RT: Capillary waves Sediment texture Gravity Soils

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Graywacke Groundfish Growth rate RT: Arenites USE: Demersal fish RT: Growth Sandstone Sedimentary rocks Groundings Growth regulators BT: Marine accidents SN: Chemical and biochemical Grazing RT: Keel clearance products affecting growth of BT: Feeding behaviour Ship losses organisms RT: Food chains Shoals UF: Stimulants (growth) Food preferences NT: Auxins Foraging behaviour Groundwater pollution RT: Group effects Herbivores BT: Water pollution Growth RT: Freshwater pollution Hormones Greenhouse effect Ground water Inhibitors RT: Carbon dioxide Marine pollution Vitamins Climatic changes Sediment pollution Earth atmosphere Growth rings Global warming Group effects UF: Annuli Heat budget SN: Collective sensorial or chemical RT: Plant growth Terrestrial radiation stimulation within organisms Water vapour BT: Environmental effects Groynes RT: Biotic factors UF: Groins Green's function Growth regulators BT: Coast defences RT: Mathematical analysis Social behaviour RT: Beach erosion Group velocity Greenschist facies BT: Velocity Guano BT: Metamorphic facies RT: Phase velocity BT: Animal products RT: Greenschists Water waves Organic fertilizers Wave dispersion RT: Guano birds Greenschists Wave groups Manure BT: Schists Wave velocity Phosphate deposits RT: Greenschist facies Grouper culture Guano birds Greigite USE: Fish culture BT: Marine birds BT: Sulphide minerals RT: Guano Grouper fisheries Groins USE: Percoid fisheries Guide lines USE: Groynes BT: Cables Grouting RT: Underwater structures Gross energy requirement Wire rope USE: Production cost Growing ponds Guiding (organisms) UF: Fattening ponds USE: Guiding devices Ground fish BT: Fish ponds USE: Demersal fish NT: Nursery ponds Guiding devices Ground motion Growth UF: Guiding (organisms) BT: Motion BT: Population functions Organism guiding RT: Earthquake loading NT: Animal growth NT: Electric fences Earthquakes Plant growth Fishways Geological hazards RT: Age determination Seismic activity Biological age Gulf stream rings Seismology Biological aging USE: Current rings Surface seismic waves Biological development Condition factor Gustation Ground swell Developmental stages USE: Taste USE: Swell Diapause Growth curves Gusts Ground water Growth rate BT: Atmospheric turbulence UF: Phreatic water Growth regulators RT: Gale force winds Underground water Metabolism Wind speed BT: Water Regeneration Winds RT: Groundwater pollution Stunting Percolation Gutting Saline intrusion Growth curves SN: Removal of gut from fish Spring streams UF: Age length relationships UF: Evisceration Water resources BT: Graphs Gibbing Water table RT: Growth Nobbing Watersheds Length-weight relationships BT: Dressing Population dynamics RT: Fish fillets

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Guyed towers Habitat degradation HACCP UF: Compliant platforms USE: Environmental degradation SN: The Hazard Analysis and Compliant towers Critical Control Point (HACCP) BT: Fixed platforms Habitat diversity system, adopted by the Codex RT: Piled platforms USE: Biodiversity Alimentarius Commission, identifies specific hazards and Guyots Habitat improvement measures for their control to SN: Flat topped seamounts SN: Man-made changes in aquatic ensure the safety of food.) UF: Tablemounts natural habitat mainly for UF: Hazard analysis and critical BT: Seamounts aquaculture purposes control point NT: Habitat improvement BT: Quality control Gynogenesis (biological) Habitat improvement (chemical) Haddock fisheries Gypsum Habitat improvement USE: Gadoid fisheries BT: Sulphate minerals (fertilization) RT: Authigenic minerals Habitat improvement (physical) Haemagglutinins Evaporites RT: Aquaculture techniques USE: Agglutinins Polyhalite Habitat Sedimentary rocks Haematite Habitat improvement (biological) UF: Hematite Gyres SN: Improvement of habitat by BT: Oxide minerals UF: Anticyclonic gyres increasing food organisms and/or RT: Iron oxides Subtropical gyres introduction of forage by man BT: Ocean circulation BT: Habitat improvement Haematoblasts RT: Oceanic deserts USE: Blood cells Subtropical convergences Habitat improvement (chemical) Water circulation SN: Chemical improvement of the Haematological diseases water properties by pH adjustment, SN: Before 1982 search Gyrocompasses and/or by reducing unfavourable HAEMATOLOGY BT: Compasses elements UF: Blood diseases BT: Habitat improvement Hematological diseases Gyroscopes RT: Artificial aeration Hemic diseases UF: Precision gyroscopes Habitat improvement BT: Diseases BT: Instruments (fertilization) NT: Anaemia RT: Haematology Gyroscopic waves Habitat improvement (fertilization) Septicaemia USE: Inertial waves SN: Habitat improvement by fertilizers or other elements Haematology Habitat BT: Habitat improvement UF: Blood chemistry SN: A specific place with its RT: Fertilizers Hematology environmental conditions Habitat improvement (chemical) BT: Biology occupied by an organism, a Habitat improvement (physical) RT: Blood population or a community SN: Change of water depth, Blood groups UF: Aquatic habitat volume, flow by construction of Erythropoiesis Habitat (natural) dams, ripple, removal of rubble Haematological diseases Natural habitat and other hydraulic techniques Haemopoiesis NT: Biotopes BT: Habitat improvement Serological studies Exposed habitats RT: Artificial reefs Serum Microhabitats Fishways Sheltered habitats Shelters Haematopoiesis Underwater habitats USE: Haemopoiesis RT: Aquatic communities Habitat loss Haemocyanins Aquatic environment SN: Destruction of the environment UF: Hemocyanins Biocoenosis in which an organism lives BT: Respiratory pigments Biota resulting in the destruction or RT: Anaemia Carrying capacity displacement of the organism. Blood Ecological associations Copper Ecological succession Habitat selection Proteins Ecotypes RT: Colonization Habitat improvement Environmental factors Haemoglobins Habitat selection Habitat UF: Hemoglobins Home range BT: Respiratory pigments Niches Habitat types RT: Anaemia USE: Ecotypes Blood cells Habitat (natural) Chelates USE: Habitat Habitats (artificial) USE: Underwater habitats

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Haemolymph Halides Handling equipment BT: Body fluids BT: Halogen compounds USE: Deck equipment RT: Body cavities RT: Bromides Handlining Leukocytes Chlorides BT: Line fishing Haemopoiesis Fluorides RT: Artisanal fishing SN: Formation of blood or blood cells Iodides Jigging UF: Haematopoiesis Hematopoiesis Haline circulation Hanging culture Hemopoiesis BT: Thermohaline circulation USE: Off-bottom culture RT: Blood cells Erythropoiesis Halite Haploids Haematology BT: Halide minerals RT: Authigenic minerals Harbor models Haemorrhage Evaporites USE: Harbour models UF: Hemorrhage BT: Symptoms Halocline Harbor regulations RT: Blood vessels BT: Discontinuity layers USE: Harbour regulations Diseases RT: Clines Isohalines Harbors Haff Salinity USE: Harbours USE: Coastal lagoons Salinity stratification Hafnium Salt-wedge estuaries Harbour installations BT: Heavy metals USE: Port installations RT: Hafnium isotopes Halogen compounds BT: Chemical compounds Harbour models Hafnium isotopes NT: Bromine compounds UF: Harbor models BT: Isotopes Chlorine compounds BT: Hydraulic models RT: Hafnium Fluorine compounds RT: Harbours Halides Hagermon redmouth Iodine compounds Harbour oscillations USE: Redmouth disease RT: Halogenated hydrocarbons UF: Range action Organic compounds BT: Seiches Hail Salts UF: Hailstones Halogenated hydrocarbons Harbour regulations BT: Atmospheric precipitations BT: Hydrocarbons UF: Harbor regulations RT: Rain NT: Brominated hydrocarbons BT: Navigation regulations Rainfall Chlorinated hydrocarbons RT: Harbours Snow Fluorinated hydrocarbons RT: Halogen compounds Harbour structures Hailstones USE: Port installations USE: Hail Halogenation BT: Chemical reactions Harbours Hair UF: Harbors UF: Fur NT: Chlorination Ports Pelage RT: Halogens BT: Anchorages RT: Setae NT: Artificial harbours Halogens Ferry terminals Hake fisheries BT: Nonmetals Fishing harbours USE: Gadoid fisheries NT: Bromine Military ports Chlorine Naval bases Half life (biological) Fluorine Tanker terminals USE: Biological half life Iodine RT: Breakwaters RT: Halogenation Coastal structures Half life (effective) Harbour models USE: Biological half life Halophytes Harbour regulations Half tide level Hand dredges Port installations USE: Sea level USE: Dredges Ship canals

Halibut fisheries Hand lines Hard roe USE: Flatfish fisheries USE: Lines USE: Roes

Halide minerals Handling Hardness (water) BT: Minerals NT: Fish handling USE: Water hardness NT: Carnallite Ship handling Fluorite

Halite

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Harmonic analysis Hazard assessment Headlands BT: Functional analysis SN: Evaluation of hazards to UF: Cuspate forelands RT: Differential equations aquatic life associated with the Promontories Fourier analysis use of chemical substances BT: Coastal landforms Harmonic functions UF: Hazard evaluation RT: Beach features Tidal analysis RT: Environmental impact Time series analysis Hazardous materials Health Waveform analysis Hazards USE: Public health Harmonic functions Lethal limits RT: Harmonic analysis Toxicity tests Health and safety Laplace equation SN: Before 1986 search also SAFETY Poisson's equation Hazard evaluation UF: Protection (human) Tidal constants USE: Hazard assessment Safety Tidal constituents NT: Accident prevention Hazardous materials Medicine Harmonic tidal constants UF: Dangerous materials Public health USE: Tidal constants BT: Materials Radiation protection NT: Biological poisons RT: Safety devices Harmonic tidal constituents Chemical pollutants Safety regulations USE: Tidal constituents Explosives Radioactive wastes Heart Harpoons RT: Hazard assessment BT: Circulatory system USE: Wounding gear Hazards RT: Blood circulation Industrial wastes Blood vessels Harvesting Pesticides SN: Harvesting methods for Toxicants Heat biological purposes BT: Energy NT: Seaweed harvesting Hazards NT: Sensible heat RT: Harvesting machines UF: Danger Waste heat NT: Diving hazards RT: Conservation of heat Harvesting equipment Fire hazards Heat balance USE: Harvesting machines Geological hazards Heat budget Navigational hazards Heat transfer Harvesting machines Radiation hazards Heating SN: Harvesting equipment for Weather hazards Temperature biological purposes only RT: Accidents Thermal pollution UF: Harvesting equipment Damage Thermal radiation BT: Fishing gear Disasters Thermodynamic properties Machinery Hazard assessment Thermodynamics RT: Aquaculture equipment Hazardous materials Fish pumps Injuries Heat advection Harvesting Risks USE: Heat transport Haze Hatcheries UF: Atmospheric turbidity Heat affected zones BT: Aquaculture facilities RT: Air pollution RT: Welding RT: Bait culture Atmospheric optical phenomena Batch culture Dust Heat balance Culture tanks Dust clouds SN: Restricted to heat balance Fish ponds Fog studies of organisms Hatching Turbidity UF: Heat gain (organisms) Incubation Visibility Heat loss (organisms) Seed collection RT: Aestivation Seed production Head Body temperature UF: Animal head Heat Hatching BT: Body regions Heat transfer RT: Clutch RT: Brain Eggs Skull Heat budget Fry SN: Use only for heat budget of water Hatcheries Headed fish bodies and atmosphere. For studies Incubation USE: Heading in organisms use HEAT BALANCE Incubators UF: Heat gain (water bodies) Nesting Heading Heat loss (water bodies) Rearing UF: Headed fish BT: Energy budget BT: Fish handling RT: Bowen ratio Hazard analysis and critical control Earth atmosphere point Evaporation USE: HACCP Greenhouse effect

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Heat Sediment-water interface Radiative transfer Heat content Thermal conductivity Temperature Heat exchange Temperature differences Heat flow Heat flow flux Thermal radiation Heat storage USE: Heat flow Thermodynamics Heat transport Radiation balance Heat flux Heat transport Temperature USE: Heat transfer SN: Heat advected by oceanic or Thermal stratification atmospheric circulation into or Water budget Heat gain (organisms) out of a region Water column USE: Heat balance UF: Heat advection Poleward heat flux Heat capacity Heat gain (water bodies) BT: Transport USE: Specific heat USE: Heat budget RT: Advection Atmospheric circulation Heat conduction Heat loss (organisms) Atmospheric motion UF: Conduction (heat) USE: Heat balance Conservation of heat Conductive heat transfer Convection Molecular heat conduction Heat loss (water bodies) Heat budget BT: Heat transfer USE: Heat budget Heat transfer RT: Eddy conduction Ocean circulation Heat flow Heat measurement Water exchange Sensible heat USE: Calorimetry Thermal conductivity Heated effluent systems Heat probes USE: Thermal aquaculture Heat content BT: Geothermal equipment RT: Heat budget RT: Geothermal measurement Heating Water temperature Heat flow SN: Includes heating equipment RT: Cooling Heat dissipation Heat properties Heat USE: Cooling USE: Thermodynamic properties Ice prevention

Heat exchange Heat radiation Heating fuels SN: Heat transfer at air-water, air- USE: Thermal radiation USE: Fuels ice, ice-water, or sediment-water interface Heat shock Heave BT: Heat transfer BT: Temperature effects USE: Heaving NT: Latent heat transfer RT: Cold shock Sensible heat transfer Heave compensators RT: Air-ice interface Heat sinks RT: Drill string Air-water exchanges RT: Thermodynamics Drilling Air-water interface Heat storage Heaving Evaporation SN: Amount of heat used in changing Stabilizing Heat budget the temperature of a body of water in Heave response Ice-water interface a given time interval. A component BT: Dynamic response Radiation balance of the heat budget RT: Buoy motion effects Sediment-water exchanges RT: Heat budget Heaving Sediment-water interface Heat tolerance Heaving Heat exchangers USE: Temperature tolerance UF: Heave RT: OTEC plants BT: Ship motion Heat transfer RT: Buoy motion effects Heat flow UF: Heat flux Heave compensators SN: Use only for heat flow BT: Energy transfer Heave response measurements and amounts on the NT: Cooling ocean floor. Use GEOTHERMAL Eddy conduction Heavy metals ENERGY for land areas Heat conduction SN: Metallic elements with a UF: Heat flow flux Heat exchange specific gravity greater than four BT: Heat transfer Heat flow BT: Metals RT: Heat budget RT: Boundary layers NT: Antimony Heat conduction Convection Arsenic Heat probes Entropy Bismuth Hot spots Heat Cadmium Hot springs Heat balance Chromium Mantle convection Heat transport Cobalt Sediment temperature Phase changes Copper Sediment-water exchanges Prandtl number Gallium

131 ASFA THESAURUS

Gold Helium isotopes Herbivorous fish Hafnium BT: Isotopes UF: Phytophagous fishes Indium RT: Helium BT: Fish Iridium Uranium-helium dating Herbivores Iron RT: Freshwater fish Lead Helium oxygen mixture Plant control Manganese USE: Mixed gas Mercury Heredity Molybdenum Helmholtz instability USE: Genetics Nickel USE: Kelvin-Helmholtz instability Niobium Hermaphroditism Osmium Hematite UF: Bisexuality Palladium USE: Haematite NT: Self fertilization Platinum RT: Animal reproductive organs Radium Hematological diseases Imposex Rhenium USE: Haematological diseases Protandry Rhodium Protogyny Ruthenium Hematology Sex determination Selenium USE: Haematology Silver Herpetology Tantalum Hematopoiesis BT: Vertebrate zoology Technetium USE: Haemopoiesis RT: Aquatic reptiles Tellurium Thallium Hemic diseases Herring fisheries Tin USE: Haematological diseases USE: Clupeoid fisheries Titanium Tungsten Hemocyanins Heteroenzymes Vanadium USE: Haemocyanins USE: Enzymes Zinc Zirconium Hemoglobins Heterosis RT: Toxicants USE: Haemoglobins UF: Hybrid vigor Toxicity BT: Biological properties Hemopoiesis RT: Hybrid culture Heavy minerals USE: Haemopoiesis Hybridization BT: Minerals Hybrids RT: Chromium Hemorrhage Light minerals USE: Haemorrhage Heterotrophic organisms Rutile SN: Use of a more specific term is Heavy water recommended BT: Water Heparin UF: Heterotrophs RT: Deuterium compounds BT: Mucopolysaccharides BT: Aquatic organisms Hydrogen isotopes NT: Carnivores Hepatocytes Decomposers Height BT: Blood cells Detritus feeders UF: Altitude Filter feeders BT: Dimensions Hepatoma Herbivores NT: Cloud height USE: Tumours Omnivores RT: Altimeters Plankton feeders Altimetry Hepatopancreas Predators Depth BT: Digestive glands Scavengers Dynamic height RT: Feeding behaviour Hypsometric curves Herbicides Food webs BT: Pesticides Heterotrophy Helicopters RT: Algicides Trophodynamic cycle BT: Aircraft Lindane RT: Helidecks Plant control Heterotrophs USE: Heterotrophic organisms Helidecks Herbivores SN: Helicopter landing deck BT: Heterotrophic organisms Heterotrophy BT: Decks NT: Herbivorous fish BT: Nutritional types RT: Helicopters RT: Carnivores RT: Animal nutrition Grazing Heterotrophic organisms Helium Omnivores BT: Rare gases Trophic levels Hexosamines RT: Helium isotopes BT: Amines NT: Glucosamine

132 ASFA THESAURUS

Hiatuses Highly migratory species Hoists RT: Bottom erosion USE: Migratory species USE: Cranes

Hibernation Hindcasting (waves) Holdfasts SN: Dormancy or resting state USE: Wave hindcasting BT: Plant organs during winter period RT: Kelps RT: Aestivation Histamines Seaweeds Body temperature BT: Organic compounds Dormancy RT: Allergic reactions Hole re-entry Environmental effects UF: Re-entry (deep-sea drilling) Metabolism Histochemistry RT: Boreholes Sleep BT: Biochemistry Deep-sea drilling Thermoregulation RT: Cell constituents Cells Holocene Hierarchies (social) Histology SN: Before 1982 search USE: Dominance hierarchies Tissues HOLOCENE EPOCH UF: Recent epoch High frequency Histology BT: Quaternary BT: Frequency UF: Tissue morphology RT: Low frequency BT: Biology Holocene sediments RT: Anatomy USE: Recent sediments High performance liquid Cytology chromatography Fixatives Holography USE: HPLC Grafting NT: Acoustic holography Histochemistry RT: Lasers High pressure effects Histopathology Light diffraction BT: Pressure effects Microscopy Photography RT: Decompression chambers Tissues Hydrostatic pressure Holoplankton Hyperbaric Histones UF: Permanent plankton Implosions BT: Proteins BT: Zooplankton Pressure vessels RT: Chromosomes

High pressure ridges RT: Atmospheric disturbances Holotypes High pressure systems Histopathology SN: Single designated plant or High pressure systems BT: Pathology animal specimen that serves as RT: Atmospheric disturbances RT: Diseases the basis for the original name Atmospheric pressure Histology and description of any taxon High pressure ridges Tissues UF: Type specimens Sea level pressure RT: New taxa Historical account Taxonomy High seas SN: History or development of Type localities BT: Ocean space aquatic sciences or research Typology RT: High seas fisheries institutions Home range International waters UF: History UF: Territory RT: Archives RT: Competitive behaviour High seas fisheries Expedition reports Habitat UF: Distant water fisheries Homing behaviour BT: Marine fisheries History Local movements RT: Factory ships USE: Historical account Territoriality High seas

History (geological) Homeothermy High tide USE: Geological history USE: Homoiothermy SN: Before 1995 search also HIGH

WATER History of sea water Homing behaviour UF: High water USE: Seawater evolution BT: Behaviour BT: Tides RT: Anadromous migrations RT: Cotidal lines Hodographs Animal navigation Flood currents BT: Graphs Catadromous migrations Low tide NT: Current ellipses Home range Ekman spiral Local movements High water RT: Map graphics

USE: High tide Vectors Homoiothermic animals

USE: Homoiothermy Highest astronomical tides Hoisting

USE: Astronomical tides USE: Lifting

133 ASFA THESAURUS

Homoiothermy Growth regulators other essentials elements of the UF: Homeothermy Metabolism livelihood. Homoiothermic animals Physiology UF: Family statistics Warm-blooded animals Secretion Households BT: Biological properties Steroids BT: Statistics RT: Body temperature Target cells Poikilothermy Households Temperature tolerance Hornblende USE: Household statistics Thermoregulation USE: Amphibolites Hovercraft Honour volumes Horse mackerel fisheries UF: Air cushion vehicles USE: Collected papers USE: Carangid fisheries BT: Surface craft RT: Air transportation Hook rate Hoses Aircraft USE: Catch/effort NT: Floating hoses Amphibious vehicles RT: Pipes Hooks HPLC UF: Fish hooks Host preferences UF: High performance liquid BT: Lines RT: Hosts chromatography RT: Bait Parasitism RT: Chromatographic techniques Horizon Specificity RT: Direction Hulls Geodesy Hosts NT: Buoy hulls UF: Intermediate hosts Ship hulls Horizontal advection RT: Biological vectors BT: Advection Diseases Human diseases RT: Horizontal motion Host preferences UF: Disorders (human) Parasites Sickness Horizontal distribution Parasitism BT: Diseases BT: Geographical distribution NT: Botulism NT: Bipolar distribution Hot brines UF: Hot salty water Ciguatera RT: Annual variations Decompression sickness Migrations Metalliferous brines BT: Brines Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning Seasonal variations Hypercapnia Spatial variations Hydrothermal solutions RT: Dissolved chemicals Hypothermia Hypoxia Horizontal motion Metalliferous sediments Malaria BT: Fluid flow Paralytic shellfish poisoning RT: Atmospheric motion Hot salty water USE: Hot brines Sea sickness Convergence RT: Human physiology Divergence Hot spots Nutrition disorders Horizontal advection Public health Water currents RT: Heat flow Magma Human food Horizontal profiles Mantle plumes Plate tectonics UF: Food for human consumption BT: Profiles BT: Food NT: Beach profiles Seamount chains Volcanism NT: Seafood Thalweg RT: Fish consumption RT: Bathymetric profiles Hot springs Food resources Vertical profiles SN: Before 1982 search THERMAL SPRINGS Human health Hormones USE: Public health UF: Chemical messengers UF: Geysers Thermal springs (hot) Messengers (chemicals) Human impact BT: Secretory products BT: Water springs RT: Geothermal energy USE: Man-induced effects NT: Ecdysons Insulin Heat flow Hydrothermal springs Human nutrition Neurotransmitters USE: Nutrition Pheromones Hourly Phytohormones Human physiology Sex hormones BT: Periodicity BT: Physiology RT: Drugs RT: Diving physiology Ectocrines Household statistics SN: A basic unit for socio-cultural Human diseases Endocrine glands Medicine Endocrinology and economic analysis, a household may consist of persons Enzymes Human resources Glycoproteins living together and jointly making provision for food or UF: Manpower resources

134 ASFA THESAURUS

BT: Resources Hurricane tides Heterosis RT: Personnel BT: Storm surges Hybrid culture Human underwater habitats RT: Hurricanes Hybridization USE: Underwater habitats Tropical oceanography Selective breeding

Humic acids Hurricanes Hydrates BT: Organic acids SN: Mature tropical depressions with RT: Hydration RT: Dystrophic lakes wind speeds of 65 knots and over Ions Fulvic acids UF: Cyclones (tropical) Humus Tropical cyclones Hydration Typhoons BT: Solvation Humidity BT: Storms RT: Dehydration SN: Use of a more specific term is Tropical depressions Hydrates recommended RT: Atmospheric forcing NT: Absolute humidity Bottom pressure Hydraulic engineering Relative humidity Cyclones BT: Engineering Specific humidity Disasters RT: Flood control RT: Dew point Gale force winds Hydraulic models Hygrometers Hurricane tracking Hydraulic structures Hygrometry Hurricane waves Hydraulics Mixing ratio Mixed layer depth Pond construction Radiosondes Oceanic response Structural engineering Storage conditions Temperature (air-sea) Vapour pressure Thermal structure Hydraulic jump Water content Tropical meteorology RT: Standing waves Water vapour Waterspouts Tidal bores Weather Husbandry diseases Hydraulic models Humidity measurement UF: Fish culture diseases BT: Scale models USE: Hygrometry BT: Diseases NT: Harbour models RT: Environmental diseases RT: Hydraulic engineering Humidity sensors Fish diseases Hydraulic structures USE: Hygrometers Nutrition disorders Test equipment Wave tanks Humus Hybrid culture Hydraulic power transmission systems BT: Organic matter UF: Cross breeding USE: Hydraulic systems RT: Degradation BT: Aquaculture techniques Fulvic acids RT: Fish culture Hydraulic structures Humic acids Freshwater aquaculture SN: Use of a more specific term is Leaves Heterosis recommended. Before 1982 Peat Hybridization search also COASTAL Soils Hybrids STRUCTURES and MARINE Intensive culture STRUCTURES Hunting Selective breeding UF: Maritime structures NT: Whaling BT: Structures RT: Hunting statistics Hybrid vigor NT: Barrages Wounding USE: Heterosis Coastal structures Offshore structures Hunting statistics Hybridization Outfalls SN: Tabulation of hunted pinnipeds UF: Hybridizing RT: Hydraulic engineering and allied species, including Interbreeding Hydraulic models derived industrial products Molecular hybridization BT: Catch statistics RT: Breeding Hydraulic systems RT: Hunting Brood stocks UF: Hydraulic power transmission Genetics systems Hurricane surges Genotypes Hydraulically operated devices USE: Hurricane waves Heterosis RT: Deck equipment Hybrid culture Hydrostatic pressure Hurricane tides Hybrids Mining equipment USE: Hurricane waves Hybridizing Hydraulically operated devices Hurricane tracking USE: Hybridization USE: Hydraulic systems BT: Tracking RT: Hurricanes Hybrids Hydraulics SN: Occurring in nature or cultured BT: Mechanics Hurricane waves form RT: Hydraulic engineering UF: Hurricane surges RT: Genetics

135 ASFA THESAURUS

Hydrobiologists Physical limnology Hydrographic charts USE: Biologists Physical oceanography UF: Oceanographic charts Stream flow BT: Maps Hydrobiology Vorticity NT: Bathymetric charts UF: Aquatic biology Wakes Current charts BT: Biology Water circulation Density charts RT: Algology Wave forces Ice charts Fishery biology Salinity charts Freshwater sciences Hydroelectric power Temperature charts Ichthyology BT: Energy resources Tidal charts Malacology RT: Hydroelectric power plants RT: Environmental charts Marine sciences Renewable resources Hydrographic data Tidal power Hydrographic sections Hydrocarbon analysis Wave power Hydrographic surveying BT: Analysis Hydrography RT: Chemical analysis Hydroelectric power plants Oceanographic atlases Hydrocarbons BT: Power plants Petroleum NT: Tidal power plants Hydrographic data Sediment analysis RT: Hydroelectric power BT: Data Water analysis Wave power devices NT: CTD observations Current data Hydrocarbon compounds Hydrofoils Current meter data USE: Hydrocarbons BT: Surface craft Salinity data Water temperature data Hydrocarbons Hydrogen RT: Current observations UF: Hydrocarbon compounds BT: Atmospheric gases Hydrographic charts Solid hydrocarbons Nonmetals Hydrography BT: Organic compounds RT: Hydrocarbons Ice observations NT: Gas hydrates Hydrogen compounds STD observations Halogenated hydrocarbons Hydrogen ions STD profiles Iodinated hydrocarbons Hydrogen isotopes Petroleum hydrocarbons pH Hydrographic sections Saturated hydrocarbons SN: Use of a more specific term is Unsaturated hydrocarbons recommended RT: Carbon Hydrogen compounds BT: Vertical sections Carbon compounds BT: Chemical compounds NT: Bathymetric profiles Fatty acids NT: Deuterium compounds Density sections Fossil fuels Hydrogen sulphide Oxygen sections Hydrocarbon analysis Hydroxides Salinity sections Hydrogen Inorganic acids Temperature sections Oil RT: Hydrogen Velocity sections Oil sands Water RT: Dissolved oxygen Oil shale Hydrographic charts Sapropels Hydrogen ion concentration Hydrography USE: pH Meridional distribution Hydroclimate Oceanographic atlases BT: Climate Hydrogen ions Standard ocean sections RT: Bioclimatology BT: Ions Vertical profiles Biogeography RT: Hydrogen Zonal distribution Salinity Water temperature Hydrogen isotopes Hydrographic surveying BT: Isotopes SN: Surveying for data required for Hydrodynamic equations NT: Deuterium the compilation of navigational BT: Equations Tritium charts, principally the RT: Dynamical oceanography RT: Heavy water determination of water depth, Hydrodynamics Hydrogen nature of the seabed, currents and Hydrostatic equation tides, and the location of fixed Hydrogen sulphide objects Hydrodynamics BT: Hydrogen compounds UF: Charting (navigational hazards) BT: Dynamics Sulphides BT: Surveying Fluid mechanics RT: Anoxic sediments RT: Hydrographic charts RT: Boundary layers Hydrographic surveys Coupled bodies Hydrogenous sediments Research vessels Current forces USE: Chemical sediments Survey vessels Hydrodynamic equations Water depth Hydrostatics Hydrogeology Navier-Stokes equations USE: Hydrology

136 ASFA THESAURUS

Hydrographic surveys Hydrolysis Hydrostatic equation SN: Hydrographic, archaeological, BT: Chemical reactions RT: Coriolis force cartographic, navigational, NT: Enzymolysis Equations of motion bathymetric and other seabed RT: Chemical degradation Hydrodynamic equations surveys. For TSD distribution use Detoxification Hydrostatics HYDROGRAPHY Digestion BT: Surveys Hydrolases Hydrostatic pressure NT: Bathymetric surveys SN: Before 1982 search WATER RT: Archaeology Hydrometeors PRESSURE Bathymetry SN: Products of condensation or UF: Pressure (water) Hydrographic surveying sublimation of atmospheric water Water pressure Navigational charts vapour and of water particles BT: Pressure Research vessels blown by the wind from the NT: Bottom pressure Site surveys earth's surface. Use of a more RT: Decompression Survey vessels specific term is recommended High pressure effects Water depth NT: Atmospheric precipitations Hydraulic systems Clouds Hydrostatics Hydrography Droplets Hyperbaric SN: Use only for general studies of the Spray Isobaric surfaces distribution of the common physico- RT: Condensation Pore pressure chemical properties (temperature, Sublimation Pressure effects salinity, oxygen, etc.) of the oceans Water Pressure field and inland waters Water vapour Water UF: Descriptive physical oceanography Water density BT: Physical oceanography Hydrometers RT: Bathymetry BT: Measuring devices Hydrostatic reactions Fishery oceanography RT: Density measurement USE: Hydrostatic behaviour Hydrographic charts Density measuring equipment Hydrographic data Hydrostatics Hydrographic sections Hydrometry BT: Fluid mechanics Limnology USE: Density measurement RT: Hydrodynamics Oceanographic surveys Hydrostatic equation Water Hydrophones Hydrostatic pressure Water masses BT: Acoustic transducers Pressure gradients Water types RT: Microphones Piezoelectric transducers Hydrothermal activity Hydrolases Sonobuoys SN: Before 1982 search also SN: Before 1982 search Sound recorders HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS ENZYMES Streamers UF: Hydrothermal processes BT: Enzymes Hydrothermal systems RT: Hydrolysis Hydrophotometers NT: Basalt-seawater interaction USE: Photometers RT: Geothermal energy Hydrologic cycle Hydrothermal alteration UF: Water cycle Hydrophytes Hydrothermal deposits BT: Cycles USE: Aquatic plants Hydrothermal fields RT: Energy budget Hydrothermal flow Hydrology Hydrosphere Hydrothermal solutions Hydrosphere NT: Cryosphere Hydrothermal springs Rainfall RT: Aquatic sciences Water Hydrologic cycle Hydrothermal alteration Water budget Hydrology SN: Changes in the mineralogic Water circulation Inland waters composition of rock brought Water resources Marginal seas about by the action of Ocean-atmosphere system hydrothermal solutions Hydrology Water UF: Geothermal alteration SN: Use for studies of continental Water bodies Hydrothermal metamorphism surface water and hydrogeology Water budget BT: Metamorphism UF: Hydrogeology Water column RT: Basalt-seawater interaction BT: Geology Hydrothermal activity RT: Freshwater sciences Hydrostatic behaviour Hydrothermal solutions Geochemistry UF: Hydrostatic reactions Metasomatism Geomorphology BT: Behaviour Mineral composition Hydrologic cycle RT: Buoyancy Serpentinization Hydrosphere Flotation Limnology Swim bladder Hydrothermal areas Water USE: Hydrothermal fields Water budget

137 ASFA THESAURUS

Hydrothermal circulation Hydrothermal systems Hypolimnion USE: Hydrothermal flow USE: Hydrothermal activity UF: Deep layers (lakes) RT: Deep layer Hydrothermal deposits Hydrothermal vents Deep water UF: Hydrothermal sediments USE: Hydrothermal springs Epilimnion BT: Chemical sediments Metalimnion RT: Hydrothermal activity Hydrothermal waters Stagnant water Hydrothermal fields USE: Hydrothermal solutions Thermal stratification Hydrothermal solutions Thermocline Hydrothermal springs Hydroxides Water column Metalliferous sediments BT: Hydrogen compounds Sulphide deposits Hypophysation Hydroxylamines USE: Induced breeding Hydrothermal energy BT: Amines USE: Geothermal power Hypophysectomy Hygiene BT: Organ removal Hydrothermal fields SN: Hygienic practices and RT: Pituitary gland UF: Geothermal fields precautions for public health Hydrothermal areas RT: Diseases Hypophysis BT: Fields Public health USE: Pituitary gland RT: Hydrothermal activity Sanitary engineering Hydrothermal deposits Hypothalamus Hydrothermal springs Hygrometers BT: Brain UF: Humidity sensors Hydrothermal flow BT: Measuring devices Hypothermia SN: Before 1982 search RT: Humidity BT: Human diseases HYDROTHERMAL CIRCULATION Hygrometry RT: Body temperature UF: Hydrothermal circulation Water vapour Diving physiology BT: Fluid flow Hyperthermia RT: Hydrothermal activity Hygrometry Mortality causes Hydrothermal springs UF: Humidity measurement Survival at sea BT: Measurement Underwater medicine Hydrothermal fluids RT: Earth atmosphere USE: Hydrothermal solutions Humidity Hypoxia Hygrometers UF: Oxygen poisoning Hydrothermal metamorphism Lidar BT: Human diseases USE: Hydrothermal alteration Water content RT: Anoxia Water vapour Oxygen consumption Hydrothermal processes Oxygen depletion USE: Hydrothermal activity Hyperbaric Underwater medicine SN: Used only as qualifier Hydrothermal sediments RT: Decompression chambers Hypsographic curves USE: Hydrothermal deposits High pressure effects USE: Hypsometric curves Hydrostatic pressure Hydrothermal solutions Hypsometric curves UF: Geothermal fluids Hyperbaric chambers UF: Hypsographic curves Hydrothermal fluids USE: Decompression chambers BT: Graphs Hydrothermal waters RT: Area BT: Solutions Hypercapnia depth NT: Hot brines UF: Carbon dioxide poisoning Height RT: Hydrothermal activity BT: Human diseases Morphometry Hydrothermal alteration RT: Asphyxia Hydrothermal deposits Blood Hypsometry Hydrothermal springs Carbon dioxide RT: Atmospheric pressure Pore water Mortality causes Sea level Underwater medicine Hydrothermal springs UF: Hydrothermal vents Hyperthermia Thermal springs (hydrothermal) RT: Body temperature Vents (hydrothermal) Diving hazards BT: Geothermal springs Diving physiology RT: Hot springs Hypothermia Hydrothermal activity Underwater medicine Hydrothermal deposits Hydrothermal fields Hypertrophy Hydrothermal flow RT: Eutrophication Hydrothermal solutions Nutrients (mineral)

138 ASFA THESAURUS

Ice Ice-free periods Ice fields SN: Use for ice in the environment Navigation in ice BT: Fields or as a preservative RT: Pack ice UF: Sludge (ice) Ice canopy Sea ice NT: Floating ice UF: Submarine ice profiles Freshwater ice Underwater ice profiles Ice fishing Glaciers RT: Ice-water interface SN: Fishing through holes cut in Lake ice Pack ice the ice Land ice Polynyas BT: Fishing Sea ice RT: Bait fishing RT: Air-ice interface Ice caps Ice Cryosphere UF: Ice mantle Sport fishing Ice breakup Ice sheets Ice cover BT: Land ice Ice floes Ice fishing RT: Ablation USE: Pack ice Ice prevention Air-ice interface Ice properties Cryosphere Ice forces Ice ridges Floating ice USE: Ice loads Ice thickness Ice cover Ice volume Ice thickness Ice forecasting Ice-oil interface Ice volume BT: Prediction Ice-water interface Icing Ice charts Ice formation Navigation in ice BT: Hydrographic charts RT: Freezing Snow RT: Ice conditions Ice breakup Water Ice cover Ice nuclei Ice edge Ice-water interface Ice accretion Ice observations Icing BT: Accretion Ice routeing Sublimation NT: Icing RT: Ablation Ice clearings Ice fronts Ice volume USE: Polynyas RT: Ice shelves

Ice ages Ice conditions Ice islands UF: Glacial periods RT: Ice charts BT: Floating ice RT: Glacial erratics Ice cover RT: Ablation Glaciation Weather Artificial islands Ice volume Drifting stations Palaeoclimate Ice control Ice drift Pleistocene USE: Ice prevention Ice rafts Ice shelves Ice barriers Ice cover Islands SN: Protection for offshore RT: Ice structures subject to floating ice Ice caps Ice jams BT: Barriers Ice charts RT: Floating ice RT: Ice loads Ice conditions Ice breakup Pack ice Ice edge Ice loads Ice volume Ice pressure Ice breakers Ice-free periods Navigation in ice BT: Ships Palaeoclimate RT: Ice breaking Winterkill Ice keels Ice breakup Navigation in ice Ice drift Ice leads UF: Drift (ice) USE: Leads Ice breaking Ice movement RT: Ice breakers BT: Drift Ice limit Ice breakup RT: Glacial deposits USE: Ice edge Navigation in ice Ice islands Sea ice Icebergs Ice loads Pack ice UF: Ice forces Ice breakup Rafting BT: Loads (forces) RT: Ice Wind stress RT: Ice barriers Ice breakers Ice jams Ice breaking Ice edge Ice pressure Ice formation UF: Ice limit Ice prevention Ice jams RT: Ice charts Sea walls Ice melting Ice cover

139 ASFA THESAURUS

Ice mantle Ice reporting Icebergs USE: Ice caps USE: Ice observations UF: Calved ice Tabular bergs Ice melting Ice ridges BT: Floating ice SN: Used for melting of ice and snow RT: Ice RT: Ablation on land and in frozen soil. For Ice thickness Calving thawing of frozen fishery products, Glaciers use THAWING. For preventing and Ice routeing Ice drift removing rime and glaze from decks, BT: Ship routeing Iceberg detection superstructures, equipment, etc., use RT: Ice charts Melt water DEICING Navigation in ice BT: Melting Ice-free periods RT: Ablation Ice scouring RT: Ice breakup Deicing USE: Iceberg scouring Ice cover Ice breakup Navigation in ice Melt water Ice sheets Thawing USE: Ice caps Ice-oil interface UF: Oil-ice interface Ice movement Ice shelves BT: Interfaces USE: Ice drift BT: Floating ice RT: Ice RT: Ablation Oil pollution Ice navigation Calving Oil spills USE: Navigation in ice Fast ice Ice fronts Ice-rafted detritus Ice nuclei Ice islands USE: Glacial erratics RT: Ice formation Ice thickness Nuclei Ice-water interface Ice thickness UF: Water-ice interface Ice observations BT: Thickness BT: Interfaces UF: Ice reporting RT: Ice RT: Heat exchange RT: Hydrographic data Ice caps Ice Ice charts Ice ridges Ice canopy Iceberg detection Ice shelves Ice formation

Ice pressure Ice volume Ichthyocides RT: Ice jams SN: Estimates of total volume of UF: Piscicides Ice loads ice caps, glaciers, sea ice, etc. in Polychloropinene the cryosphere BT: Pesticides Ice prevention BT: Volume RT: Molluscicides UF: Ice control RT: Ablation RT: Deicing Cryosphere Ichthyofauna Deicing equipment Glaciers USE: Fish Heating Ice Ice Ice accretion Ichthyologists Ice loads Ice ages UF: Fish scientists Ice caps BT: Zoologists Ice properties Ice cover RT: Fishery biologists BT: Properties Water budget Ichthyology RT: Dielectric constant Taxonomists Ice Ice-air interface Thermal conductivity USE: Air-ice interface Ichthyology BT: Vertebrate zoology Ice rafting Iceberg detection RT: Biogeography SN: Transport of sediments by ice BT: Detection Fish BT: Rafting RT: Ice observations Fish physiology RT: Glacial erratics Icebergs Fishery biology Glacial transport Warning services Hydrobiology Ice rafts Ichthyologists Palaeocurrents Iceberg scour marks Sea ice USE: Ploughmarks Ichthyoplankton BT: Zooplankton Ice rafts Iceberg scouring RT: Fish eggs BT: Artificial islands UF: Ice scouring Fish larvae RT: Floating structures BT: Scouring Ichthyoplankton surveys Ice islands RT: Bed forms Meroplankton Ice rafting Glacial erosion Ploughmarks

140 ASFA THESAURUS

Ichthyoplankton surveys Illumination Natural immunity BT: Plankton surveys USE: Lighting systems BT: Biological properties RT: Fishery surveys RT: Antibodies Ichthyoplankton Illustrations Defence mechanisms UF: Drawings Disease resistance Icing Zoological drawings Immunization SN: Formation of ice on ships and BT: Graphics Immunoassays offshore structures by freezing of Immunology spray on impact Ilmenite BT: Ice accretion BT: Oxide minerals Immunization Weather hazards RT: Placers SN: The process of rendering an RT: Deicing Titanium animal resistant to infection or Deicing equipment harmful agents Freezing Image enhancement NT: Vaccination Ice BT: Imaging techniques RT: Bacterial diseases Ice formation RT: Imagery Immunity Pattern recognition Immunology ICZM Protozoan diseases USE: Integrated coastal zone Image processing Viral diseases management RT: Imagery Imaging techniques Immunoassays Identification RT: Bioassays NT: Pollutant identification Image sensors Immunity RT: Detection USE: Remote sensing equipment Identification keys Immunocontraception Inspection Imagery SN: Use of the body’s natural Tracking UF: Images immune defence mechanisms to NT: Acoustic imagery control or prevent conception and Identification keys Infrared imagery pregnancy by triggering an anti UF: Keys Microwave imagery body response to the species own Taxonomic keys Photography sex cells (i.e. to render the RT: Check lists RT: Image enhancement organism infertile) Identification Image processing Taxonomy Imaging techniques Immunofluorescence Remote sensing RT: Fluorescence Igneous dikes BT: Igneous intrusions Images Immunology RT: Batholiths USE: Imagery RT: Allergic reactions Igneous rocks Antibodies Imaging Diseases Igneous intrusions USE: Imaging techniques Immunity UF: Intrusions (igneous) Immunization NT: Batholiths Imaging techniques Immunoprecipitation Igneous dikes UF: Imaging Medicine RT: Diapirism NT: Image enhancement Serological studies Magma chambers RT: Image processing Therapy Plutons Imagery Toxicity Tomography Igneous rocks Immunoprecipitation BT: Rocks Immersion effects RT: Antibodies NT: Gabbros RT: Light measurement Antigens Granite Immunology Plutons Immigrations Vaccination Ultramafic rocks BT: Migrations Vaccines Volcanic rocks RT: Batholiths Immobilization Impact (waves) Igneous dikes RT: Mobility USE: Wave forces Magma Immune response Impacts Illegal fishing USE: Immunity USE: Collisions RT: Exclusive economic zone Fishery disputes Immunity Impaling gear Fishery protection SN: The ability of an animal or USE: Wounding gear plant to resist and/or overcome Illite harmful infection or agents Impedance BT: Clay minerals UF: Immune response NT: Acoustic impedance Innate immunity Electric impedance

141 ASFA THESAURUS

Impingement Inbreeding Induced breeding SN: Trapping of aquatic organisms SN: Breeding within the SN: Spawning or breeding under by power plant screens descendants of a foundation artificial conditions using UF: Fish impingement stock of related animals physiological techniques and/or Power plant impingement BT: Breeding biological products RT: Entrainment UF: Artificial fecundation Incineration Artificial spawning Implosions UF: Incinerators Hypophysation RT: Explosions RT: Waste disposal Induced ovulation High pressure effects Induced spawning Incinerators BT: Breeding Imports USE: Incineration RT: Aquaculture techniques USE: Trade Inclinometers Induced ovulation Imposex USE: Slope indicators USE: Induced breeding SN: Development of male sex organs on the female Incubation Induced spawning RT: Animal reproductive organs UF: Incubation time USE: Induced breeding Hermaphroditism RT: Eggs Hatcheries Industrial effluents Impounding lakes Hatching USE: Industrial wastes USE: Water reservoirs Incubators Industrial fish Impoundments Incubation time USE: Trash fish RT: Dams USE: Incubation Lakes Industrial land use Incubators USE: Land use Impressed currents RT: Hatching BT: Electric currents Incubation Industrial production RT: Cathodic protection UF: Production (industrial) Indicator organisms RT: Industrial products Imprinting USE: Indicator species Industries SN: A learning process in animals, Production cost especially birds Indicator species Production management UF: Odour imprinting SN: Organisms or species used to BT: Learning behaviour indicate current patterns, water Industrial products RT: Aquatic birds masses or environmental changes BT: Products UF: Bioindicator organisms RT: Byproducts Improved products Bioindicators Industrial production USE: New products Indicator organisms Industries BT: Species New products In situ density RT: Indicators BT: Water density Salinity tolerance Industrial products statistics RT: In situ measurements Temperature tolerance SN: Restricted to statistics of In situ temperature Test organisms processed products derived from Potential density fishery industry Salinity Indicators UF: Commodity statistics Sigma-T NT: Pollution indicators Fishery products statistics Thermosteric anomalies RT: Indicator species BT: Fishery statistics Water masses Indigenous fishing Industrial wastes In situ instrumentation SN: Fishing undertaken by peoples SN: Before 1982 for non-organic USE: In situ measurements native to a land or region domestic wastes search also UF: Aboriginal fishing DOMESTIC WASTES In situ measurements Native fishing UF: Industrial effluents UF: In situ instrumentation BT: Fishing BT: Wastes RT: In situ density RT: Chemical pollutants In situ temperature Indigenous species Hazardous materials USE: Endemic species Industries In situ temperature Oil wastes BT: Water temperature Indium Phenols RT: In situ density BT: Heavy metals Sewage In situ measurements Waste water Sigma-T Indoles Industrialization RT: Industries

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Industries BT: Diseases Information services SN: Use of a more specific term is NT: Bacterial diseases UF: Documentation services recommended Fungal diseases Information analysis services UF: Industry Parasitic diseases RT: Information centres NT: Aquaculture enterprises Protozoan diseases Information systems Diving industry Septicaemia Fishery industry Viral diseases Information specialists Forest industry RT: Epidemics USE: Information scientists Mineral industry Epidemiology Oil and gas industry Microbiology Information systems Seaweed industry Vaccination NT: Decision support systems RT: Industrial production GIS Industrial products Infestation RT: Information handling Industrial wastes RT: Pest control Information retrieval Industrialization Pesticides Information services

Industry Infinitesimal waves Infrared detectors USE: Industries USE: Linear waves BT: Radiometers RT: Infrared imagery Inert gases Inflatable craft Infrared radiation USE: Rare gases BT: Surface craft Lasers RT: Lifeboats Remote sensing Inertia UF: Inertial forces Inflow Infrared imagery RT: Forces SN: Component of water budget of UF: Infrared sensing Froude number a body of water IR imagery Inertial oscillations NT: River discharge Thermal imagery Inertial waves RT: Outflow Thermal infrared imagery Motion Water budget Thermal IR imagery Rossby number Water exchange BT: Imagery RT: Infrared detectors Inertial currents Influents Infrared radiation BT: Water currents RT: Effluents Satellite mosaics Satellite sensing Inertial forces Information analysis services USE: Inertia USE: Information services Infrared radiation BT: Electromagnetic radiation Inertial guidance Information centres RT: Infrared detectors RT: Inertial navigation SN: Before 1995 search also Infrared imagery DATA CENTRES Solar radiation Inertial navigation UF: Data centres Terrestrial radiation BT: Navigation BT: Organizations Position fixing NT: Libraries Infrared sensing RT: Celestial navigation Museums USE: Infrared imagery Dead reckoning Warning services Inertial guidance RT: Information handling Infrared spectroscopy Navigation under ice Information retrieval BT: Spectroscopic techniques Navigation underwater Information services Ingestion Inertial oscillations Information handling RT: Animal nutrition RT: Inertia SN: Control of literature and information Digestion Inertial waves RT: Information centres Information systems Inhibitors Inertial waves SN: Chemicals used to slow down UF: Gyroscopic waves Information retrieval reactions BT: Water waves SN: Location of required BT: Agents RT: Inertia information previously classified NT: Enzyme inhibitors Inertial oscillations and stored. Before 1995 search RT: Anaesthetics also DATA RETRIEVAL Catalysts Infections UF: Data retrieval Drugs USE: Infectious diseases RT: Information centres Growth regulators Information systems Infectious diseases Initial value problems UF: Biotic diseases Information scientists USE: Boundary value problems Communicable diseases UF: Information specialists Contagious diseases BT: Scientific personnel Injection temperature Infections RT: Librarians USE: Intake temperature

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Injuries Inlets (waterways) Insects (aquatic) SN: Used for injuries to man or animals. BT: Coastal inlets USE: Aquatic insects Before 1986 search also WOUNDS RT: Bays UF: Fishing injuries Canals Inshore currents Wounds Channels USE: Nearshore currents RT: Accidents Estuaries Hazards Fjords Inshore stations Lesions UF: Shore stations Necroses Innate immunity BT: Fixed stations USE: Immunity RT: Lightships Injurious organisms USE: Noxious organisms Innovation processes Inshore waters USE: Technology transfer USE: Coastal waters Inland fisheries Inorganic acids BT: Fisheries BT: Acids Insolation NT: Lagoon fisheries Hydrogen compounds RT: Cloud cover Lake fisheries NT: Boric acid Solar radiation Reservoir fisheries Chloric acid River fisheries Nitric acids Insonification Swamp fisheries Phosphoric acid SN: Irradiation by acoustic waves RT: Freshwater fish Silicic acid UF: Irradiation (acoustic waves) Sulphuric acid RT: Active sonar Inland lagoons RT: Chemical compounds Sonar imagery UF: Freshwater lagoons Inorganic compounds Sonographs BT: Inland waters Organic acids Sound Lagoons RT: Lenitic environment Inorganic carbon Inspection BT: Carbon UF: Examinations Inland seas Inorganic matter Inspectors SN: Use for Great Lakes, Caspian, NT: Dissolved inorganic carbon NT: Fish inspection Aral Sea and other large inland Underwater inspection bodies of water Inorganic compounds Visual inspection BT: Inland waters BT: Chemical compounds X-ray inspection RT: Lakes RT: Inorganic acids RT: Acceptability Inorganic matter Detection Inland water aquaculture Identification USE: Freshwater aquaculture Inorganic matter Maintenance and repair NT: Dissolved inorganic matter Monitoring Inland water environment Inorganic carbon Quality control UF: Freshwater environment Suspended inorganic matter Testing BT: Aquatic environment RT: Inorganic compounds NT: Lenitic environment Inspectors Lotic environment Inorganic suspended matter USE: Inspection RT: Brackishwater environment USE: Suspended inorganic matter Eutrophic waters Instability Freshwater ecology Insect eggs UF: Dynamic instability Freshwater fish BT: Eggs NT: Baroclinic instability Inland waters RT: Aquatic insects Barotropic instability Insect larvae Benjamin Feir instability Inland waters Nymphs Double diffusive instability SN: Use of a more specific term is Insect larvae Kelvin-Helmholtz instability recommended BT: Invertebrate larvae Static instability UF: Inland waterways NT: Instars RT: Capsizing BT: Water bodies Nymphs Richardson number NT: Canals Pupae Stability Inland lagoons RT: Aquatic insects Unsteady state Inland seas Insect eggs Lakes Installation Ponds Insecticide resistance SN: Before 1984 search also Rivers INSTALLING Water reservoirs Insecticides UF: Installing Wetlands BT: Pesticides BT: Construction RT: Hydrosphere RT: Aldrin RT: Removal Inland water environment Dieldrin Lindane Installing Inland waterways PCB USE: Installation USE: Inland waters Repellents

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Instars Insulation Inter-arc basins BT: Insect larvae USE: Insulating materials USE: Marginal basins

Instinct Insulin Interbreeding RT: Behaviour SN: Before 1982 search USE: Hybridization Biological properties HORMONES BT: Hormones Intercalibration Institutional resources RT: Pancreas BT: Calibration BT: Resources Proteins RT: Intercomparison RT: Organizations Performance assessment Institutions (financial) Insurance USE: Financial institutions UF: Marine insurance Intercomparison RT: Financing RT: Intercalibration Institutions (research) Liability Performance assessment USE: Research institutions Risks Standardization Testing Instrument carriers Intake temperature USE: Instrument platforms UF: Injection temperature Interdependent species BT: Surface temperature USE: Associated species Instrument depth measurement BT: Depth measurement Integral equations Interface phenomena RT: Instruments BT: Equations SN: Interface strata and their RT: Differential equations phenomena Instrument handbooks Nonlinear equations NT: Frontogenesis USE: Manuals Numerical analysis RT: Dead water Energy budget Instrument platforms Integrated agriculture Interfaces UF: Instrument carriers USE: Agropisciculture Interfacial waves Observation platforms Salt fingers Platforms (instrument) Integrated coastal zone Surface properties Wave followers management Surface tension Wave slope followers SN: The process of combining all NT: Stabilized platforms aspects of the human, physical Interfaces and biological aspects of the NT: Air-ice interface Instrument resolutions coastal zone within a single Air-water interface USE: Resolution management framework Density interfaces UF: ICZM Ice-oil interface Instrument responses BT: Coastal zone management Ice-water interface NT: Dynamic response Oil-gas interface RT: Instruments Integumentary system Oil-water interface BT: Anatomical structures Sediment-water interface Instruments NT: Feathers RT: Boundaries BT: Equipment RT: Epithelia Boundary layers NT: Accelerometers Scales Discontinuity layers Direction indicators Fronts Free-fall instruments Intensive aquaculture Interface phenomena Gyroscopes USE: Intensive culture Mixing processes Meteorological instruments Surfaces Profilers Intensive culture RT: Instrument depth measurement UF: Intensive aquaculture Interfacial tension Instrument responses BT: Aquaculture techniques USE: Surface tension Measuring devices RT: Cage culture Fish culture Interfacial waves Instruments (acoustic) Hybrid culture RT: Interface phenomena USE: Acoustic equipment Monosex culture Internal waves Polyculture Surface water waves Insular slope Raceway culture USE: Island slope Selective breeding Interferometry Shellfish culture BT: Analytical techniques Insulating materials Silo culture Interglacial periods UF: Insulation Intentional inundation RT: Deglaciation Lagging USE: Flooding Palaeoclimate BT: Materials Pleistocene NT: Acoustic insulation Interactions Electrical insulation NT: Air-sea interaction Thermal insulation Tide-surge interaction RT: Asbestos Wave interactions

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Intermediate fishing RT: International law International trade SN: Fishing carried out in a fish International policy USE: Trade pond during growing season to Legislation decrease the density of a stock or Whaling regulations International waters to obtain marketable fish UF: International sea area BT: Fishing International allocation BT: Ocean space USE: Allocation systems RT: High seas Intermediate hosts USE: Hosts International boundaries Internet UF: Frontiers (national) SN: Interconnected system of Intermediate water masses National boundaries networks that connects BT: Water masses BT: Boundaries computers around the world via RT: Metalimnion RT: Territorial waters the TCP/IP protocol. Thermal stratification UF: World Wide Web International case law WWW Internal fertilization USE: International law USE: Biological fertilization Interocean canals International cooperation BT: Canals Internal gravity waves SN: Including exchange of RT: Ship canals USE: Internal waves information and technical aid UF: International exchange Interoceptors Internal tides International relations USE: Receptors UF: Baroclinic tides RT: Development projects BT: Internal waves International organizations Interspecific interactions RT: Baroclinic mode International policy USE: Interspecific relationships Baroclinic motion Technology transfer Interspecific relationships Internal wave breaking International exchange UF: Interspecific interactions BT: Wave breaking USE: International cooperation NT: Commensalism RT: Internal waves Competition Trans-isopycnal mixing International expeditions Epibiosis USE: Multiship expeditions Parasitism Internal wave effects Predation RT: Dead water International joint ventures Symbiosis Sound propagation USE: Joint ventures RT: Associated species Behaviour Internal wave generation International law Biological phenomena BT: Wave generation UF: International case law Biotic factors RT: Internal waves NT: Law of the sea Intraspecific relationships Surface wave-internal wave RT: Disputes Trophic relationships interactions International agreements Interstitial environment Internal waves International law of the sea BT: Aquatic environment UF: Internal gravity waves USE: Law of the sea RT: Benthic environment BT: Water waves Benthos NT: Internal tides International organisations Pore water Lee waves USE: International organizations RT: Billows Interstitial water Directional spectra International organizations USE: Pore water Interfacial waves UF: International agencies Internal wave breaking International organisations Intertidal environment Internal wave generation BT: Organizations UF: Tidal environment Nonlinear waves RT: International cooperation BT: Marine environment Resonant wave interaction International policy RT: Air exposure Surface wave-internal wave Beaches interactions International policy Benthic environment UF: Policy (international) Ecological zonation International agencies BT: Policies Eulittoral zone USE: International organizations RT: International agreements Exposed habitats International cooperation Intertidal sedimentation International agreements International organizations Tidal flats UF: Agreements Tidal pools Conventions International relations Tidal waves Treaties USE: International cooperation NT: Bilateral agreements Intertidal flats Pollution convention International sea area USE: Tidal flats Seabed conventions USE: International waters

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Intertidal sedimentation Invertebrate larvae Ion channels BT: Sedimentation SN: Use of a more specific term is SN: Pore-forming proteins (present in RT: Estuarine sedimentation recommended the membranes of all biological Intertidal environment BT: Larvae cells) that help establish the small Nearshore sedimentation NT: Crustacean larvae voltage gradient that exists across Tidal deposits Insect larvae the membrane of all living cells by Tidal flats Molluscan larvae allowing the flow of ions down their electrochemical gradient. Intertidal zonation Invertebrate roe BT: Cell membranes USE: Ecological zonation USE: Roes Ion exchange Intertropical convergence zone Invertebrate zoology UF: Anion exchange BT: Atmospheric convergences BT: Zoology Cation exchange Convergence zones NT: Carcinology BT: Separation processes RT: Equatorial trough Entomology RT: Biological membranes Malacology Chemical reactions Intestines Demineralization BT: Alimentary organs Investment management Diffusion RT: Cloaca USE: Financial management Ion accumulation Pyloric caeca Ion transport Investments Water purification Intraspecific relationships UF: Capital investments Water treatment UF: Intraspecific selection RT: Financing RT: Associated species Ion pairs Behaviour Iodates RT: Ions Biological phenomena BT: Iodine compounds Ion pumps Interspecific relationships USE: Ion transport Trophic relationships Iodides BT: Iodine compounds Ion selective electrode analysis Intraspecific selection RT: Halides BT: Analytical techniques USE: Intraspecific relationships Iodinated hydrocarbons Ion transport Introduced species BT: Hydrocarbons UF: Ion pumps SN: Establishment in a new Iodine compounds RT: Biological membranes geographical area of a species by NT: Iodomethane Diffusion migration or artificial Electrolysis transportation Iodine Ion accumulation UF: Alien species BT: Halogens Ion exchange BT: Species RT: Iodine compounds Ions RT: Colonies Iodine isotopes Osmoregulation Colonization Domestic species Iodine compounds Ionizing radiation Endemic species BT: Halogen compounds BT: Radiations Transplantation NT: Iodates NT: Cosmic radiation Iodides Nuclear radiations Intrusions (igneous) Iodinated hydrocarbons RT: Irradiation USE: Igneous intrusions RT: Iodine Radioactivity Sterilization Inundation Iodine isotopes USE: Flooding BT: Isotopes Ionosphere RT: Iodine BT: Upper atmosphere Inundation (irrigation) RT: Atmospheric electricity USE: Irrigation Iodomethane Stratosphere BT: Iodinated hydrocarbons Inventories Ions UF: Data catalogues Ion accumulation NT: Anions BT: Catalogues UF: Accumulation of ions Cations RT: Data collections BT: Accumulation Hydrogen ions RT: Ion exchange Metal ions Inversion layers Ion transport RT: Exchange capacity USE: Inversions Ions Hydrates Osmoregulation Ion accumulation Inversions Ion association UF: Inversion layers Ion association Ion pairs NT: Temperature inversions RT: Chemical reactions Ion transport RT: Layers Ions Ligands Osmoregulation

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IR imagery Light Island slope USE: Infrared imagery Light fields UF: Insular slope Optical classification BT: Slopes (topography) Iridium Optical properties Submarine features BT: Heavy metals Optical water types RT: Continental slope RT: Iridium isotopes Radiance Islands Radiative transfer Iridium isotopes Solar radiation Islands BT: Isotopes Volume scattering function BT: Landforms RT: Iridium NT: Atolls Irradiance meters Barrier islands Iron BT: Light measuring instruments Cays BT: Heavy metals RT: Irradiance Oceanic islands Transition elements Quanta meters RT: Archipelagoes RT: Ferromanganese nodules Artificial islands Ferromanganese oxides Irradiation Ice islands Iron compounds UF: Irradiation (fishery products) Island arcs Iron isotopes RT: Ionizing radiation Island slope Ironstone Radiochemistry Metalliferous sediments Radiography Isobaric surfaces BT: Surfaces Iron compounds Irradiation (acoustic waves) RT: Baroclinic mode UF: Ferric compounds USE: Insonification Barotropic mode Ferrous compounds Dynamic height anomaly BT: Chemical compounds Irradiation (fishery products) Dynamic topography NT: Iron oxides USE: Irradiation Hydrostatic pressure Iron phosphates Isopycnic surfaces Iron silicates Irregular waves Level of no motion Iron sulphides BT: Water waves Pressure field RT: Iron Irrigation Isobars Iron isotopes UF: Flooding (irrigation) USE: Isopleths BT: Isotopes Inundation (irrigation) RT: Iron RT: Agriculture Isobaths Irrigation water UF: Depth contours Iron oxides Water rights BT: Contours BT: Iron compounds RT: Bathymetric charts Oxides Irrigation canals Bathymetry RT: Haematite USE: Canals Bottom topography Magnetite Water depth Irrigation water Iron phosphates BT: Water Isodynamic enzymes UF: Ferric phosphate RT: Irrigation USE: Enzymes BT: Iron compounds Riparian rights Phosphates Water policy Isoenzymes Water reservoirs UF: Isozymes Iron silicates Water rights BT: Enzymes BT: Iron compounds Silicates Irrotational flow Isohalines USE: Potential flow BT: Isopleths Iron sulphides RT: Environmental charts BT: Iron compounds Isentropic analysis Halocline Sulphides USE: Analytical techniques Mixed layer Salinity Ironstone Island arcs Salinity charts BT: Authigenic minerals UF: Arcs (island) Salinity sections RT: Ferruginous deposits RT: Continental margins Iron Continents Isohyets Sedimentary rocks Converging plate boundaries USE: Isopleths Forearc basins Irradiance Islands Isolating mechanisms SN: Flux density of radiant energy Marginal basins SN: Methods that prevent breeding in water Oceanic trenches between populations, so that the NT: Downward irradiance Plate convergence genes of each do not mix Upward irradiance Subduction NT: Genetic isolation RT: Cosine collectors Volcanic islands Geographical isolation Irradiance meters Volcanism Sexual isolation

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RT: Biological speciation Earth crust Hydrogen isotopes Population genetics Equilibrium Iodine isotopes Geodesy Iridium isotopes Isolation (genetics) Vertical tectonics Iron isotopes USE: Genetic isolation Krypton isotopes Isostatic adjustment Lanthanium isotopes Isolation (geographical) USE: Isostasy Lead isotopes USE: Geographical isolation Lithium isotopes Isostatic compensation Magnesium isotopes Isolation (sexual) USE: Isostasy Manganese isotopes USE: Sexual isolation Mercury isotopes Isostatic equilibrium Molybdenum isotopes Isolines USE: Isostasy Neodymium isotopes USE: Isopleths Neon isotopes Isostatic sea level Neptunium isotopes Isomerases BT: Sea level Nickel isotopes BT: Enzymes RT: Steric sea level Niobium isotopes Nitrogen isotopes Isomerization Isothermal processes Osmium isotopes BT: Chemical reactions NT: Adiabatic processes Oxygen isotopes RT: Thermodynamics Palladium isotopes Isopach maps Thermosteric anomalies Phosphorus isotopes BT: Geological maps Plutonium isotopes RT: Stratigraphy Isotherms Polonium isotopes UF: Temperature contours Potassium isotopes Isopachs BT: Isopleths Protactinium isotopes USE: Isopleths RT: Air temperature Radioisotopes Environmental charts Radium isotopes Isopleths Temperature charts Radon isotopes UF: Coamplitude lines Temperature sections Rhenium isotopes Corange lines Thermocline Rubidium isotopes Isobars Water temperature Ruthenium isotopes Isohyets Samarium isotopes Isolines Isotope dating Scandium isotopes Isopachs USE: Radiometric dating Selenium isotopes BT: Map graphics Silicon isotopes NT: Contours Isotope dilution Silver isotopes Cotidal lines BT: Tracer techniques Sodium isotopes Isohalines RT: Isotopes Strontium isotopes Isopycnics Sulphur isotopes Isotherms Isotope fractionation Technetium isotopes RT: Graphs RT: Isotopes Tellurium isotopes Thorium isotopes Isopycnic surfaces Isotopes Uranium isotopes BT: Surfaces UF: Nuclides Xenon isotopes RT: Baroclinic mode NT: Americium isotopes Ytterbium isotopes Barotropic mode Antimony isotopes Yttrium isotopes Isobaric surfaces Argon isotopes Zinc isotopes Isopycnics Barium isotopes Zirconium isotopes Water density Beryllium isotopes RT: Chemical elements Bismuth isotopes Fission products Isopycnics Boron isotopes Isotope dilution BT: Isopleths Bromine isotopes Isotope fractionation RT: Density charts Cadmium isotopes Radiometric dating Density fronts Caesium isotopes Tracers Isopycnic surfaces Calcium isotopes Pycnocline Californium isotopes Isotopic labelling Specific volume Carbon isotopes USE: Radioactive labelling Water density Cerium isotopes Chlorine isotopes Isotropic materials Isostasy Chromium isotopes BT: Materials UF: Compensation depth (isostasy) Cobalt isotopes RT: Anisotropy Isostatic adjustment Curium isotopes Isotropy Isostatic compensation Europium isotopes Isostatic equilibrium Germanium isotopes Isotropic turbulence BT: Crustal adjustment Hafnium isotopes USE: Turbulence RT: Asthenosphere Helium isotopes

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Isotropy Juveniles Kelvin waves RT: Anisotropy UF: Elvers UF: Double kelvin waves Isotropic materials Parrs BT: Trapped waves Orientation Post larvae NT: Equatorial trapped waves BT: Developmental stages Isozymes NT: Pups Kelvin-Helmholtz billows USE: Isoenzymes Smolts USE: Billows Kainite Jack fisheries BT: Sulphate minerals Kelvin-Helmholtz instability USE: Carangid fisheries UF: Helmholtz instability Kalman filters Shear flow instability Jackets BT: Filters Shear instability USE: Piled platforms BT: Instability Kamaboko RT: Billows Jackup platforms USE: Minced products Trans-isopycnal mixing SN: Towed or self-propelled platforms supportable on Kaolin Kerogen extending legs BT: Clay minerals BT: Petroleum hydrocarbons BT: Mobile platforms RT: Clays RT: Oil shale RT: Submersible platforms Kaolinite Organic matter

Jet stream Kaolinite Ketones UF: Polar front jet stream BT: Clay minerals BT: Organic compounds Subtropical jet stream RT: Kaolin NT: Acetone RT: Jets Planetary waves Karokinesis Kettle lakes Troposphere USE: Mitosis USE: Glacial lakes

Jets Karyological studies Keys UF: Turbulent jets USE: Karyology USE: Identification keys BT: Fluid flow NT: Buoyant jets Karyology Keys (islands) Coastal jets UF: Karyological studies USE: Cays RT: Jet stream BT: Cytology RT: Chromosomes Kidneys Jetsam Meiosis SN: Before 1982 search KIDNEY USE: Flotsam Mitosis UF: Nephrons Nuclei BT: Excretory organs Jetties RT: Adrenal glands USE: Port installations Karyomites Urinary system USE: Chromosomes Urine Jigging Water balance BT: Line fishing Karyotypes RT: Handlining RT: Chromosomes Kimberlites Genomes RT: Biotite Joint ventures Genotypes Conglomerates SN: Enterprises owned jointly by Diamonds interests of different nationalities Katadromous species Peridotite UF: International joint ventures USE: Catadromous species RT: Bilateral agreements Kinematic eddy viscosity Keel clearance USE: Eddy viscosity Joints UF: Under keel clearance UF: Nodes Underkeel clearance Kinematics RT: Node construction RT: Groundings BT: Mechanics RT: Acceleration Jurassic Kelps Velocity SN: Before 1982 search SN: Brown algae harvested and JURASSIC PERIOD dried as a source of alginic acid Kinesis BT: Mesozoic or for animal feeding BT: Orientation behaviour UF: Tangle Jurisdiction BT: Seaweeds Kinetic energy UF: Federal jurisdiction RT: Alginates BT: Energy State jurisdiction Holdfasts NT: Eddy kinetic energy NT: Extended jurisdiction Kelt RT: Drag coefficient RT: Legislation UF: Spawned salmon Froude number Rights Spawned trout Potential energy RT: Developmental stages

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Kinetics Labor Lactation BT: Mechanics USE: Labour SN: The process of milk production NT: Chemical kinetics by the mammary glands Radionuclide kinetics Laboratories BT: Secretion RT: Controlled conditions RT: Milk Kinetics of chemical reactions Laboratory equipment USE: Chemical kinetics Research institutions Lactic acid USE: Lactate King crab fisheries Laboratory conditions USE: Crab fisheries USE: Controlled conditions Lacustrine sedimentation BT: Sedimentation King mackerel fisheries Laboratory culture RT: Anoxic sediments USE: Tuna fisheries UF: Biological culture Lake deposits NT: Cell culture Sedimentary environments Knolls (submarine) Microbiological culture USE: Seaknolls Tissue culture Lagging RT: Controlled conditions USE: Insulating materials Kortweg Devries equation Culture media BT: Equations Culture tanks Lagoon fisheries Cultures BT: Inland fisheries Krill fisheries Experimental culture RT: Artisanal fishing BT: Crustacean fisheries Brackishwater fish RT: Krill products Laboratory equipment Demersal fisheries Pelagic fisheries BT: Equipment Fishing barriers NT: Centrifuges Lagoons Krill meal Flumes Shrimp fisheries USE: Krill products Microscopes RT: Laboratories Lagoonal sedimentation Krill paste Limnological equipment BT: Sedimentation USE: Krill products Measuring devices RT: Lagoons Oceanographic equipment Sedimentary environments Krill powders Test equipment USE: Krill products Towing tanks Lagoons Wave tanks BT: Water bodies NT: Atoll lagoons Krill products UF: Krill meal Laboratory models Coastal lagoons Krill paste USE: Scale models Inland lagoons Krill powders RT: Backwaters Krill protein concentrates Laboratory rearing Barrier reefs BT: Processed fishery products USE: Rearing Brackishwater environment RT: Krill fisheries Coral reefs Laboratory research Lagoon fisheries Krill protein concentrates USE: Experimental research Lagoonal sedimentation USE: Krill products Shallow water Laboratory tests Valliculture Kryogenic marking USE: Tests USE: Cold branding Lagrangian current measurement SN: Before 1982 search also Labour LAGRANGIAN METHODS Krypton UF: Labor BT: Rare gases RT: Labour costs (CURRENT MEASUREMENT) RT: Krypton isotopes Labour legislation UF: Lagrangian methods (current Personnel measurement) BT: Current measurement Krypton isotopes RT: Data buoys BT: Isotopes Labour costs RT: Krypton BT: Costs Drogues RT: Labour Rhodamine B-dye Ship drift Kurtosis Subsurface drifters RT: Coefficients Labour legislation Particle distribution SN: Before 1982 search LABOUR Particle size BT: Legislation Lagrangian drifters Skewness RT: Labour USE: Drifters Statistical analysis Lagrangian drifting buoys Kyanite Lactate UF: Lactic acid USE: Drifting data buoys BT: Silicate minerals RT: Organic acids Lagrangian methods (current measurement) Labelling (radioactive) USE: Lagrangian current measurement USE: Radioactive labelling

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Lake basins Lake ice Lampara nets BT: Basins BT: Ice USE: Surrounding nets RT: Catchment area RT: Fast ice Lake deposits Floating ice Lamprey attachment Lake morphology Freshwater ice UF: Attachment (lampreys) Lakes Lakes BT: Parasite attachment River basins Lake morphology RT: Ectoparasites Watersheds BT: Geomorphology RT: Lake basins Land breezes Lake beaches Lakes SN: Blowing from land to sea. USE: Lake shores Before 1995 search also LAND Lake reclamation AND SEA BREEZES Lake breezes UF: Reclamation (lakes) BT: Breezes USE: Sea breezes BT: Reclamation RT: Sea breezes RT: Coastal zone management Lake circulation Lakes Land bridges USE: Lake dynamics Shore protection RT: Palaeoecology Lake shores Lake currents UF: Lake beaches Land forms SN: Before 1982 search also RT: Coastal morphology USE: Landforms LENITIC CURRENTS Lakes UF: Lenitic currents Riparian environments Land ice BT: Water currents SN: Use of a more specific term is RT: Bottom currents Lakes recommended Coastal jets BT: Inland waters BT: Ice Lake dynamics NT: Artificial lakes NT: Ice caps Lakes Dystrophic lakes RT: Freshwater ice Longshore currents Eutrophic lakes Permafrost Subsurface currents Freshwater lakes Surface currents Glacial lakes Land reclamation Meromictic lakes SN: Restoring degraded land or Lake deposits Oligotrophic lakes recovering land from the sea RT: Anoxic sediments Oxbow lakes UF: Coastal reclamation Glacial deposits Relict lakes Reclamation (land) Lacustrine sedimentation Salt lakes BT: Reclamation Lake basins Strip mine lakes RT: Coastal erosion Lakes Tropical lakes Coastal zone management Playas RT: Impoundments Land use Inland seas Polders Lake dynamics Lake basins Wetlands UF: Lake circulation Lake currents Reservoir dynamics Lake deposits Land use BT: Water circulation Lake ice UF: Commercial land use RT: Coastal boundary layer Lake morphology Industrial land use Coastal jets Lake reclamation Land utilization Flushing time Lake shores RT: Land reclamation Lake currents Lenitic environment Nearshore dynamics Limnology Land utilization Overturn Laminar boundary layer USE: Land use Physical limnology BT: Boundary layers Seiches RT: Laminar flow Landforms Surface circulation Turbulent boundary layer UF: Land forms Water levels BT: Topographic features Wind setup Laminar flow NT: Alluvial fans UF: Poiseuille flow Alluvial terraces Lake ecology BT: Fluid flow Coastal landforms USE: Ecology NT: Couette flow Coasts RT: Atmospheric turbulence Continents Lake fisheries Channel flow Flood plains BT: Inland fisheries Forced convection Islands RT: Artisanal fishing Laminar boundary layer Mountains Coastal fisheries Molecular viscosity Plains Demersal fisheries Multiphase flow Plateaux Fishery limnology Reynolds number Ridges Reservoir fisheries Stratified flow Valleys Salmon fisheries Turbulent flow RT: Erosion features Unsteady flow Physiographic provinces

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Landing statistics Larvae Latent heat of sublimation BT: Fishery statistics UF: Larval stages USE: Sublimation heat RT: Catch statistics BT: Developmental stages Fishing time NT: Fish larvae Latent heat of vaporization Stock assessment Invertebrate larvae USE: Vaporization heat RT: Embryos Latent heat transfer Landlocked countries Larval development BT: Heat exchange USE: Landlocked states Larval settlement RT: Bowen ratio Meroplankton

Landlocked states Neoteny Lateral line UF: Continental nations Seed (aquaculture) UF: Lateral line system Landlocked countries BT: Sense organs BT: Countries Larvae development RT: Mechanical stimuli RT: Coastal states USE: Larval development Mechanoreceptors

Landslides Larval development Lateral line system BT: Geological hazards UF: Larvae development USE: Lateral line Slides BT: Biological development

RT: Creep RT: Larvae Latitude Retrogradation Metamorphosis BT: Geographical coordinates Slope stability Rearing NT: Palaeolatitude Tsunami generation Larval settlement RT: Equator

UF: Larval settling Latitudinal variations Langmuir circulation Settlement (larvae) Longitude BT: Fluid motion BT: Biological settlement RT: Convergence RT: Cultch Latitude correction Divergence Larvae USE: Gravity corrections Surface circulation Settling behaviour Surface layers Substrate preferences Latitudinal variations Vortices SN: Variation in the value of some Windrows Larval settling physical property along a meridian Winds USE: Larval settlement BT: Spatial variations

RT: Latitude Lanthanides Larval stages Meridional distribution BT: Rare earths USE: Larvae NT: Cerium Lattice charts Dysprosium Larynx USE: Navigational charts Erbium SN: Before 1982 search Europium RESPIRATORY ORGANS Launching Gadolinium BT: Vocal organs RT: Deployment Lanthanium RT: Sound production Recovery Lutetium

Neodymium Laser altimeters Lava Samarium BT: Altimeters BT: Volcanic rocks Terbium RT: Laser bathymeters NT: Pillow lava Ytterbium RT: Basalts

Laser altimetry Lava flows Lanthanium USE: Altimetry UF: Lanthanum Lava flows RT: Lava BT: Lanthanides Laser bathymeters RT: Lanthanium isotopes BT: Bathymeters Volcanoes RT: Laser altimeters Lanthanium isotopes Lasers Law enforcement BT: Isotopes Remote sensing equipment USE: Surveillance and enforcement RT: Lanthanium Laser bathymetry Law of the sea Lanthanum USE: Bathymetry SN: National and international laws USE: Lanthanium concerning marine water and its resources. Before 1982 search Lasers Laplace equation UF: Optical masers also SEA LAW BT: Equations Pulsed lasers UF: International law of the sea RT: Harmonic functions RT: Electromagnetic radiation Ocean law Poisson's equation Holography Sea law Tidal equations Infrared detectors BT: International law Laser bathymeters RT: Environmental legislation Laplace transformation Lidar Ocean policy USE: Functional analysis Optics Seabed conventions

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Layer of no motion Learning behaviour Oil and gas legislation USE: Level of no motion SN: Conditioned response or reflex Quarantine regulations of aquatic organisms Safety regulations Layers BT: Behaviour Water use regulations NT: Boundary layers NT: Imprinting RT: International agreements Core layers (water) RT: Stimuli Jurisdiction Discontinuity layers Legal aspects Seismic layers Leases Policies Water column RT: Oil and gas exploration Rights RT: Inversions Rental Levels Legs (structural) Stratification Least squares method RT: Structures Surface films BT: Approximation Surfaces RT: Regression analysis Leisure activities USE: Recreation Leaching Leaves BT: Separation processes UF: Leaf Length RT: Degradation BT: Plant organs BT: Dimensions Diffusion RT: Humus NT: Mixing length Dissolution Leaf litter Percolation Photosynthesis Length frequency Permeability Stomata SN: An arrangement of recorded Solubility lengths (in a total catch, a stock, Solvent extraction Lectins or a sample) which indicates the Weathering number of individuals Lectotype encountered in each length Lead interval. BT: Heavy metals Lectures UF: Length-frequency distribution RT: Ferromanganese nodules UF: Talks BT: Population structure Lead compounds RT: Conferences Lead isotopes Publicity material Length-frequency distribution Metalliferous sediments USE: Length frequency Lee eddies Lead 210 SN: Eddies formed on the lee of Length-weight relationships BT: Lead isotopes obstacles. Before 1982 search UF: Size-weight relationships EDDIES (LEE) Weight-length relationships Lead compounds UF: Eddies (lee) BT: Population factors BT: Chemical compounds BT: Water motion RT: Body shape RT: Lead RT: Flow around objects Body size Vortices Body weight Lead isotopes Condition factor BT: Isotopes Lee waves Growth curves NT: Lead 210 UF: Mountain waves Size distribution RT: Lead BT: Internal waves RT: Atmospheric motion Lenitic currents Leads Stratified shear flow USE: Lake currents UF: Ice leads Topographic effects RT: Floating ice Lenitic environment Navigation in ice Legal aspects BT: Inland water environment Polynyas SN: Before 1982 search RT: Benthic environment LEGISLATION Euphotic zone Leaf RT: Disputes Inland lagoons USE: Leaves Legislation Lakes Political aspects Lotic environment Leaf litter Rights Marshes SN: Detritus of leaves Pelagic environment BT: Detritus Legislation Ponds RT: Leaves UF: Regulations Water reservoirs NT: Aquaculture regulations Leaks Commercial legislation Leptocephalus BT: Defects Environmental legislation USE: Fish larvae RT: Seals (stoppers) Fishery industry legislation Fishery regulations Lesions Leaks (oil) Labour legislation SN: For either aquatic animals or USE: Oil spills Maritime legislation man Mining legislation UF: Scars Navigation regulations RT: Injuries

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Lethal effects Librarians Life sciences (medicine) RT: Bioaccumulation UF: Archivists USE: Medicine Biological poisons RT: Information scientists Biotesting Libraries Life span Mortality causes USE: Longevity Pollution effects Libraries Sublethal effects BT: Information centres Life support systems Toxicity RT: Archives UF: Atmosphere (life support) Data collections NT: Breathing apparatus Lethal limits Librarians RT: Diving equipment RT: Biological poisons Life saving equipment Hazard assessment Licences One-atmosphere systems Limiting factors NT: Concessions Umbilicals Pesticides Permits Pollutants RT: Licensing Lifeboats Starvation UF: Liferafts Survival Licensing Rafts (life) Tolerance RT: Licences Survival capsules Toxicity BT: Boats Lidar RT: Inflatable craft Lethal mutations UF: Coherent Light Detection and Life saving equipment USE: Mutations Rangefinding Safety devices RT: Hygrometry Survival at sea Leucine Lasers BT: Amino acids Meteorological instruments Liferafts Radar USE: Lifeboats Leucocytes Remote sensing equipment USE: Leukocytes Sodar Lifting UF: Hoisting Leukocytes Life cycle Loading (operation) UF: Leucocytes SN: Morphological changes and RT: Lifting tackle BT: Blood cells growth from egg to adult stages RT: Haemolymph BT: Cycles Lifting gear RT: Biological age USE: Lifting tackle Levees Biological aging BT: Embankments Biological development Lifting tackle RT: Alluvial deposits Developmental stages UF: Lifting gear Flood plains Differential distribution BT: Deck equipment Fluvial features Life history NT: Cranes River banks Longevity Davits Seachannels Metamorphosis Winches Ontogeny RT: Lifting Level of no motion Reproductive cycle Salvage equipment UF: Layer of no motion Sexual maturity Surface of no motion Lift-nets BT: Reference levels Life history UF: Scooping gear RT: Geostrophic flow SN: Taxonomic, biological and BT: Fishing nets Geostrophic method ecological studies of a species Isobaric surfaces RT: Autecology Ligands Biology RT: Ions Levelling Life cycle Molecules RT: Bench marks Organometallic complexes Datum levels Life jackets Geodesy RT: Life saving equipment Ligases Geoid Survival at sea USE: Enzymes Mean sea level Life saving equipment Light Levels RT: Life jackets UF: Light rays NT: Reference levels Life support systems Visible radiation Water levels Lifeboats BT: Electromagnetic radiation RT: Layers Safety devices RT: Abiotic factors Surfaces Atmospheric optical phenomena Lexicons Life sciences (agriculture) Irradiance USE: Glossaries USE: Agriculture Light absorption Life sciences (biology) Light attenuation Liability USE: Biology Light fields RT: Insurance Light intensity

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Light measurement Light effects Light microscopy Light measuring instruments UF: Photoperiod effects UF: Optical microscopy Light penetration BT: Environmental effects BT: Microscopy Light reflection RT: Chromatic behaviour Light refraction Light penetration Light minerals Light scattering Nyctimeral rhythms BT: Minerals Light sources Optical properties RT: Heavy minerals Light transmission Photoperiodicity Luminescence Photoperiods Light organs Optical properties Phototaxis SN: Before 1995 search Optics Phototropism PHOTOPHORES Photoperiodicity RT: Photophores Photoreceptors Light fields Phototaxis UF: Radiance distribution Light penetration Phototropism BT: Fields RT: Absorption coefficient Radiance RT: Irradiance Absorption spectra Solar radiation Light Aphotic zone Ultraviolet radiation Light measurement Compensation depth Radiance Euphotic zone Light absorption Radiative transfer Light SN: Before 1982 search also Light absorption ABSORPTIVITY Light fishing Light attenuation UF: Absorption (light) SN: Use of light to attract fish for Light effects BT: Absorption (physics) capture with different types of Light intensity RT: Absorptance gears Light reflection Absorption coefficient BT: Catching methods Light refraction Absorption spectra RT: Pump fishing Light scattering Chromatographic techniques Phototaxis Extinction coefficient Light intensity Phototropism Light UF: Light quantity Primary production Light attenuation RT: Light Solar radiation Light penetration Light penetration Spectral composition Light propagation Optical properties Transmittance Light transmission Photometry Optical filters Light propagation Transmissometers Light measurement RT: Light absorption Transparency BT: Measurement Light transmission Turbidity NT: Photometry Water colour RT: Colorimetric techniques Light quantity Water transparency Immersion effects USE: Light intensity Light Light attenuation Light fields Light rays UF: Attenuation (light) Light measuring instruments USE: Light BT: Attenuation RT: Attenuance Light measuring instruments Light reflection Extinction coefficient BT: Measuring devices UF: Reflection (light) Light NT: Beam transmittance meters BT: Reflection Light absorption Cosine collectors RT: Air-water interface Light penetration Irradiance meters Glitter Light scattering Photometers Light Transmittance Quanta meters Light penetration Turbidity Radiance meters Light refraction Water transparency Scatterance meters Reflectance Secchi discs Light diffraction Transmissometers Light refraction BT: Diffraction RT: Fluorimeters SN: Before 1982 search also RT: Holography Light REFRACTION Light measurement UF: Refraction (light) Light dispersion Nephelometers BT: Refraction BT: Dispersion Optical instruments RT: Air-water interface RT: Light refraction Radiometers Light Refractive index Turbidimeters Light dispersion Light penetration Light duration Light microscopes Light reflection USE: Photoperiods USE: Microscopes Refractive index Transparency

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Light scattering Limestone Lakes UF: Scattering (light) BT: Carbonate rocks Limnological data NT: Particle scattering RT: Bioherms Limnological equipment RT: Fluorescence Calcarenite Limnological institutions Light Calcite Limnological surveys Light attenuation Dolomitization Ponds Light penetration Marlstone Water reservoirs Nepheloid layer Oolites Particle concentration Limnology (biological) Polarization Liming USE: Freshwater ecology Refractive index BT: Scaling Scattering coefficient Limnology (chemical) Turbidity Limiting factors USE: Chemical limnology Volume scattering function UF: Limiting nutrients Water transparency RT: Anthropogenic factors Limnology (physical) Ecological distribution USE: Physical limnology Light sensitive pigments Environmental conditions USE: Visual pigments Environmental factors Lindane Lethal limits BT: Chlorinated hydrocarbons Light sources Nutrients (mineral) RT: Herbicides UF: Underwater light sources Tolerance Insecticides RT: Light Lighting systems Limiting nutrients Line fishing USE: Limiting factors SN: Any type of fishing using Light stimuli lines, movable or fixed, with or BT: Stimuli Limnological data without attached hooks, gorges, RT: Photoperiodicity BT: Data or other catching means Photoreception RT: Bathymetric data BT: Catching methods Photosynthesis Limnological surveys Fishing Phototaxis Limnology NT: Handlining Phototropism Water temperature data Jigging Vision Longlining Limnological equipment Pole-line fishing Light transmission BT: Equipment Trolling BT: Transmission RT: Bathythermographs RT: Bait RT: Light Collecting devices Bait fishing Light absorption Laboratory equipment Lines Light propagation Limnological surveys Optical filters Limnology Line fishing gear Transparency Measuring devices USE: Lines Water samplers Light vessels Line pipe USE: Lightships Limnological institutions USE: Pipes BT: Research institutions Lighthouses RT: Biological institutions Linear programming BT: Navigational aids Fishery institutions BT: Mathematical programming Limnology RT: Computer programs Lighting systems Econometrics UF: Illumination Limnological surveys Mathematical models RT: Light sources BT: Environmental surveys RT: Limnological data Linear waves Lightning Limnological equipment UF: Airy waves BT: Atmospheric electricity Limnology Infinitesimal waves RT: Thunderstorms Sinusoidal waves Weather Limnologists BT: Water waves USE: Freshwater scientists RT: Nonlinear waves Lightships UF: Light vessels Limnology Liners BT: Ships BT: Aquatic sciences UF: Trollers RT: Inshore stations NT: Chemical limnology BT: Fishing vessels Navigational aids Fishery limnology RT: Lines Palaeolimnology Trolling Limbs Physical limnology SN: Legs or limbs of aquatic RT: Freshwater sciences Liners (passengers) animals Freshwater scientists USE: Passenger ships BT: Animal appendages Hydrography Hydrology

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Lines Literature surveys Littoral deposits UF: Drift lines USE: Literature reviews BT: Sediments Hand lines RT: Longshore sediment transport Line fishing gear Lithification Nearshore sedimentation Set lines BT: Diagenesis Troll lines RT: Cementation Littoral drift BT: Fishing gear Compaction USE: Longshore sediment NT: Hooks Compression transport RT: Line fishing Consolidation Liners Littoral sedimentation Trolling Lithium USE: Nearshore sedimentation Linoleic acid BT: Alkali metals BT: Polyunsaturated fatty acids RT: Lithium compounds Littoral states Lithium isotopes USE: Coastal states Lipids SN: Before 1982 search FATS Lithium compounds Littoral transport UF: Derived lipids BT: Alkali metal compounds USE: Longshore sediment BT: Organic compounds RT: Lithium transport NT: Complex lipids Fats Lithium isotopes Littoral zonation Steroids BT: Isotopes USE: Ecological zonation Waxes RT: Lithium RT: Choline Littoral zone Esters Lithofacies BT: Benthic environment Lipoproteins BT: Facies NT: Eulittoral zone RT: Lithology Sublittoral zone Lipoproteins Sediments Supralittoral zone SN: Before 1982 search Lithogenesis RT: Beaches PROTEINS RT: Lithology Coastal waters BT: Proteins Rocks Coastal zone RT: Blood Continental shelves Lipids Lithology Ecological zonation Lymph BT: Geology Epipelagic zone RT: Lithofacies Neritic province Liquefaction Shallow water BT: Fluidization Lithogenesis Petrology RT: Liquefied sediment flow Live feed Liquids Lithosphere USE: Food organisms Liquefied natural gas SN: Use as tectonic term. Do not use UF: LNG as part of classification: atmosphere, Live food BT: Natural gas hydrosphere, lithosphere USE: Food organisms RT: Gas processing BT: Earth structure RT: Asthenosphere Live storage Liquefied petroleum gas SN: Storage of live fish UF: LPG Benioff zone BT: Fish storage BT: Fuels Earth crust

RT: Gas terminals Moho Live weight Petroleum Plate tectonics Plates USE: Biomass Liquefied sediment flow Upper mantle BT: Fluidized sediment flow Livelihoods RT: Grain flow Lithospheric plates SN: The capabilities, assets Liquefaction USE: Plates (including both material and

social resources) and activities Liquid fish products Litter required for a means of living). USE: Fish silage SN: Not used for leaf litter or for RT: Economics

brood/offspring of mammals Fishermen Liquids UF: Garbage Fishing BT: Fluids Refuse RT: Gases Rubbish Liver Liquefaction Trash BT: Digestive glands Literature reviews BT: Solid impurities RT: Bile UF: Literature surveys Wastes Glycogen Review articles RT: Detritus Reviews (literature) Plastic debris Livestock food State-of-the-art reviews BT: Food RT: Bibliographies Littoral currents NT: Feed Documents USE: Nearshore currents

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Living fossils Lobster fisheries Locomotory organs SN: Any organism alive today UF: Cape rock lobster fisheries USE: Locomotory appendages whose closest relatives are Crayfish fisheries known only as fossils Deep-sea lobster fisheries Logbooks RT: Fossils Northern lobster fisheries UF: Scientific logbooks Relict species Rocklobster fisheries Ships logbooks Spiny lobster fisheries BT: Documents Living quarters BT: Crustacean fisheries RT: Records USE: Accommodation RT: Trap fishing Station lists

Living resources Lobster pots Logging SN: Applies to both plant and USE: Pots NT: Well logging animal resources of the aquatic environment Local movements Long gravity waves UF: Aquatic living resources SN: Movements of organisms other USE: Shallow water waves Biological resources than migrational movements, Biotic natural resources within home range Long wave radiation BT: Natural resources UF: Movements (local) USE: Terrestrial radiation NT: Botanical resources RT: Activity patterns Fishery resources Home range Long waves RT: Food resources Homing behaviour USE: Shallow water waves Marine resources Potential resources Local names Long wave-short wave interactions Protected resources USE: Vernacular names USE: Short wave-long wave Rare resources interactions Renewable resources Local winds Unconventional resources UF: Bora Long-crested waves Mistral BT: Surface water waves LNG BT: Winds RT: Directional spectra USE: Liquefied natural gas NT: Breezes Short-crested waves Wave crests Load pressure Locating Wave direction USE: Loads (forces) NT: Underwater object location RT: Detection Longevity Loading (operation) Dynamic positioning UF: Life span USE: Lifting Position fixing BT: Biological properties Salvaging RT: Biological age Loading buoys Search and rescue Biological aging BT: Mooring buoys Surveying Life cycle RT: Articulated columns Tracking Mortality Floating hoses Offshore terminals Locations (working) Longitude Single point moorings UF: Working locations BT: Geographical coordinates Tanker loading RT: Offshore operations RT: Latitude Working underwater Loads (forces) Longitudinal dispersion UF: Load pressure Lockout submersibles BT: Dispersion BT: Forces (mechanics) USE: Submersibles RT: Estuarine dynamics NT: Current forces Cyclic loading Locomotion Long-line culture Dynamic loads SN: Including theory of locomotion USE: Off-bottom culture Earthquake loading in aquatic organisms Ice loads NT: Flying Longlining Ocean loading Swimming BT: Line fishing Wave forces RT: Activity patterns RT: Demersal fisheries Wave-induced loading Animal navigation Flatfish fisheries Wind pressure Cilia Pelagic fisheries RT: Ballast Locomotory appendages Bearing capacity Mobility Long-period seismic waves Pressure USE: Seismic waves Weight Locomotory appendages UF: Locomotory organs Long-period tides Lobster culture BT: Animal appendages BT: Tides SN: Before 1982 search NT: Fins RT: Nodal tides CRUSTACEAN CULTURE Wings Pole tides BT: Crustacean culture RT: Flagella Locomotion

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Long-period water waves Long-term variations LPG USE: Shallow water waves USE: Long-term changes USE: Liquefied petroleum gas

Long-period waves Lophophores Lubricants USE: Shallow water waves SN: Filter feeding organs RT: Fuels BT: Alimentary organs Longshore bars RT: Filter feeders Luciferin BT: Nearshore bars UF: Photophelein RT: Break-point bars Loran BT: Proteins BT: Radio navigation RT: Luminous organisms Longshore currents RT: Navigational tables SN: Currents bordering coastlines. Luminescence Before 1982 search ONSHORE Lotic environment NT: Bioluminescence CURRENTS BT: Inland water environment Chemiluminescence BT: Nearshore currents RT: Benthic environment Fluorescence RT: Beach cusps Lenitic environment Phosphorescence Coastal jets Rivers RT: Chemical properties Estuarine dynamics Spring streams Electrical properties Lake currents Water springs Electromagnetic radiation Longshore sediment transport Light Rip currents Love waves Luminous organisms Surf zone BT: Surface seismic waves Tidal currents Luminescent organs Wave processes on beaches Low frequency USE: Photophores Wave-current interaction BT: Frequency Wind-driven currents RT: High frequency Luminous organisms BT: Aquatic organisms Longshore drift Low pressure systems RT: Luciferin USE: Longshore sediment NT: Cyclones Luminescence transport Low pressure troughs Photophores RT: Atmospheric disturbances Plankton Longshore sand transport Atmospheric pressure USE: Longshore sediment transport Tornadoes Luminous organs USE: Photophores Longshore sediment transport Low pressure troughs SN: Before 1982 search also BT: Low pressure systems Lunar cycles LONGSHORE SAND NT: Equatorial trough USE: Moon phases TRANSPORT UF: Littoral drift Low temperature Lunar diurnal tides Littoral transport BT: Temperature USE: Diurnal tides Longshore drift RT: Metamorphism Longshore sand transport Lunar effects BT: Sediment transport Low tide USE: Moon phases RT: Beach nourishment UF: Low water Littoral deposits BT: Tides Lunar semidiurnal tides Longshore currents RT: Ebb currents USE: Semidiurnal tides High tide Long-term changes Lunar tides UF: Long-term variations Low water SN: Before 1982 search TIDES Secular fluctuations USE: Low tide BT: Tides BT: Temporal variations RT: Meteorological tides NT: Sea level changes Lower mantle Tidal constituents RT: Baseline studies BT: Earth mantle Climatic changes RT: Upper mantle Lungs Long-term records SN: Before 1982 search Monitoring Lower tertiary RESPIRATORY ORGANS Periodic variations USE: Palaeogene BT: Respiratory organs Prediction RT: Aerobic respiration Short-term changes Lowest astronomical tides USE: Astronomical tides Lures Long-term planning USE: Bait BT: Planning Low-velocity layer RT: Short-term planning BT: Seismic layers Luring RT: Asthenosphere USE: Attracting techniques Long-term records Seismic velocities BT: Records Lutetium RT: Long-term changes BT: Lanthanides

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RT: Geomagnetic field Lutites Macrophytes Gravity anomalies RT: Argillaceous deposits SN: Any macroscopic vegetal Magnetic anomaly charts Bentonite organism living in aquatic Magnetic data Marlstone environment Magnetic exploration Mudstone BT: Aquatic plants Palaeomagnetism Shale Seafloor spreading Silt Macroplankton Siltstone USE: Zooplankton Magnetic anomaly charts BT: Magnetic charts Lyases Mafic magma RT: Magnetic anomalies SN: Before 1982 search UF: Mafics ENZYMES BT: Magma Magnetic charts BT: Enzymes BT: Geological maps Mafics NT: Magnetic anomaly charts Lymph USE: Mafic magma RT: Magnetic data SN: Before 1982 search BODY FLUIDS Magnetic exploration BT: Body fluids Magma Magnetic intensity RT: Lipoproteins UF: Magmatism Magnetic variations Lymphatic system NT: Mafic magma Lymphocytes RT: Asthenosphere Magnetic compasses Hot spots USE: Compasses Lymph system Igneous rocks USE: Lymphatic system Magma chambers Magnetic core orientation Volcanism USE: Core orientation Lymph vessels USE: Lymphatic system Magma chambers Magnetic data UF: Magma reservoirs BT: Geophysical data Lymphatic system RT: Igneous intrusions RT: Magnetic anomalies UF: Lymph system Magma Magnetic charts Lymph vessels BT: Anatomical structures Magma reservoirs Magnetic declination RT: Lymph USE: Magma chambers USE: Magnetic variations

Lymphocytes Magmatism Magnetic dip BT: Blood cells USE: Magma USE: Magnetic inclination RT: Lymph Spleen Magnesite Magnetic exploration BT: Carbonate minerals UF: Geomagnetic surveys Lysine Magnetic surveys BT: Amino acids Magnesium BT: Geophysical exploration BT: Alkaline earth metals RT: Aeromagnetic surveys Lysocline RT: Barium Coast effect BT: Discontinuity layers Ferromanganese nodules Magnetic anomalies RT: Carbonate compensation depth Magnesium compounds Magnetic charts Clines Magnesium isotopes Magnetometers

Lysosomes Magnesium compounds Magnetic field (earth) BT: Cell organelles BT: Alkaline earth metal compounds USE: Geomagnetic field NT: Magnesium silicates Machinery Magnesium sulphates Magnetic field elements NT: Harvesting machines RT: Magnesium BT: Magnetic properties Pumps NT: Magnetic inclination RT: Equipment Magnesium isotopes Magnetic intensity Mechanization BT: Isotopes Magnetic variations RT: Magnesium RT: Geomagnetic field Mackerel fisheries BT: Finfish fisheries Magnesium silicates Magnetic fields RT: Tuna fisheries BT: Magnesium compounds NT: Geomagnetic field Silicates RT: Electromagnetic radiation Macrobenthos Magnetism USE: Benthos Magnesium sulphates Magnets BT: Magnesium compounds Macrophages Sulphates Magnetic inclination SN: A large phagocytic cell UF: Magnetic dip BT: Blood cells Magnetic anomalies BT: Magnetic field elements RT: Phagocytosis BT: Anomalies

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Magnetic intensity Magnetometers Males BT: Magnetic field elements BT: Measuring devices BT: Sex RT: Magnetic charts RT: Geomagnetism RT: Females Geophysical equipment Magnetic particle testing Magnetic exploration Malformations USE: Nondestructive testing USE: Abnormalities Magnetostratigraphy Magnetic properties UF: Magnetic stratigraphy Mammal entanglement BT: Physical properties BT: Stratigraphy BT: Entanglement NT: Magnetic field elements RT: Magnetic reversals Magnetic susceptibility Mammalian physiology Remanent magnetization Magnetotelluric methods UF: Physiology (aquatic mammals) RT: Magnetism UF: Magnetotelluric surveys BT: Animal physiology Magnets RT: Coast effect RT: Aquatic mammals Electrical resistivity Mammalogy Magnetic remanence Electromagnetic exploration USE: Remanent magnetization Geomagnetic field Mammalogists Geomagnetism BT: Zoologists Magnetic reversals Telluric currents RT: Aquatic mammals UF: Geomagnetic reversals Mammalogy RT: Geomagnetic field Magnetotelluric surveys Magnetostratigraphy USE: Magnetotelluric methods Mammalogy Palaeomagnetism BT: Vertebrate zoology Pole positions Magnets NT: Cetology RT: Magnetic fields RT: Aquatic mammals Magnetic spherules Magnetic properties Mammalian physiology USE: Cosmic spherules Magnetism Mammalogists

Magnetic stratigraphy Maintenance and repair Mammals (aquatic) USE: Magnetostratigraphy SN: Before 1995, search also USE: Aquatic mammals MAINTENANCE; REPAIR; Magnetic surveys REPLACING Mammals (marine) USE: Magnetic exploration UF: Repair USE: Marine mammals Replacing Magnetic susceptibility RT: Corrosion control Management BT: Magnetic properties Damage SN: Use of a more specific term is RT: Anisotropy Deterioration recommended Geomagnetic field Fouling control UF: Administration Palaeomagnetism Inspection NT: Ecosystem management Magnetic tape recordings Restoration Environment management RT: Audio recordings Financial management Magnetic tapes Major constituents Production management Records RT: Composition Resource management Videotape recordings Risk management Major elements RT: Marketing Magnetic tapes Personnel RT: Audiovisual materials Malacologists PERT Magnetic tape recordings BT: Zoologists Planning RT: Fishery biologists Magnetic variations Malacology Maneuverability UF: Magnetic declination Taxonomists USE: Manoeuvrability Variations (magnetic) BT: Magnetic field elements Malacology Manganese RT: Magnetic charts BT: Invertebrate zoology BT: Heavy metals Magnetism RT: Conchology Transition elements NT: Electromagnetism Freshwater molluscs RT: Ferromanganese nodules Geomagnetism Hydrobiology Ferromanganese oxides Palaeomagnetism Malacologists Manganese compounds RT: Magnetic fields Marine molluscs Manganese isotopes Magnetic properties Shells Metalliferous sediments Magnets Malaria Manganese compounds Magnetite UF: Paludism BT: Chemical compounds BT: Oxide minerals BT: Human diseases NT: Manganese dioxide RT: Cosmic spherules RT: Parasitic diseases Manganese oxides Iron oxides Protozoan diseases RT: Manganese Placers

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Manganese deposits Manned vehicles Manuals BT: Chemical sediments UF: Diving chambers SN: Documents containing RT: Ferromanganese nodules Diving vehicles instructions and/or procedures for Manganese oxides BT: Underwater vehicles performing operations or NT: Diving bells handling equipment Manganese dioxide Observation chambers UF: Instrument handbooks BT: Manganese compounds Submarines BT: Documents Manganese oxides Submersibles RT: Methodology RT: Unmanned vehicles Training aids Manganese isotopes BT: Isotopes Mannose Manufacturing costs RT: Manganese BT: Monosaccharides USE: Operational costs RT: Aldehydes Manganese minerals Manure BT: Minerals Manoeuvrability SN: Any substance, usually of RT: Pyrolusite UF: Maneuverability natural origin, used as fertilizer RT: Propulsion systems UF: Animal manure Manganese nodules Ship handling Artificial manure USE: Ferromanganese nodules Steering systems Dung Vehicles Manurial salts Manganese oxides BT: Animal products BT: Manganese compounds Manometers Organic fertilizers Oxides BT: Measuring devices RT: Guano NT: Ferromanganese oxides RT: Barometers Wastes Manganese dioxide Pressure RT: Manganese deposits Pressure gauges Manurial salts USE: Manure Mangrove swamps Manpower resources SN: Mangrove aquatic environment USE: Human resources Manuscripts (historical) and its communities USE: Documents BT: Swamps Mantle RT: Brackishwater ecology SN: Fold of epidermal tissue Map graphics Brackishwater environment covering dorsal or lateral surfaces SN: Cartographic representation of Mangroves of the body of the Mollusca and data on maps. Use of a more Brachiopoda; body wall of the specific term is recommended Mangroves Urochordata. For earth mantle use BT: Graphics RT: Mangrove swamps EARTH MANTLE NT: Current roses BT: Body walls Isopleths Manifolds RT: Gills Streamlines SN: Seabed multiple flowline Mantle cavity Vertical sections connectors Shells Wind roses RT: Connectors Wind vectors Flowlines Mantle (earth) RT: Cartography Wellheads USE: Earth mantle Hodographs

Man-induced effects Mantle cavity Map projections SN: Effects of human activities on BT: Body cavities RT: Cartography aquatic ecosystems RT: Gills Geographical coordinates UF: Anthropogenic effects Mantle Maps Human impact RT: Environmental degradation Mantle convection Mapping Environmental impact BT: Convection SN: Mapping of aquatic and Pollution effects RT: Cellular convection terrestrial environments. Before Earth mantle 1982 search CHARTING for Manipulators Heat flow aquatic environments RT: Diving suits Mantle plumes UF: Charting (distributions) Robots Plate tectonics Charting (environmental Underwater vehicles Seafloor spreading conditions) NT: Seafloor mapping Man-made disasters Mantle plumes RT: Cartography USE: Accidents BT: Plumes Geography RT: Diverging plate boundaries Maps Man-made lakes Earth mantle Plotting USE: Artificial lakes Hot spots Surveying Mantle convection Surveys Manned submersibles Plate divergence Topography USE: Submersibles Plate tectonics

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Maps Marinated products Marine ecologists SN: Before 1982 search also USE: Cured products UF: Marine biologists CHARTS (MAPS) BT: Ecologists UF: Charts (maps) Marine accidents RT: Marine ecology BT: Graphics BT: Accidents NT: Biological charts NT: Capsizing Marine ecology Climatological charts Drowning UF: Biological oceanography Control charts Groundings Marine biology Environmental charts RT: Diving accidents Oceanology (biological) Fishery charts Survival at sea Seashore ecology Geological maps BT: Ecology Hydrographic charts Marine advection Marine sciences Meteorological charts USE: Advection RT: Aquatic communities Navigational charts Environmental factors Pollution maps Marine aerosols Marine ecologists Topographic maps USE: Aerosols Oceanography Track charts RT: Atlases Marine aquaculture Marine engineering Cartography UF: Coastal aquaculture USE: Ship technology Chart datum Mariculture Marine environment Map projections Ocean farming SN: Related to oceans and seas Mapping Open sea aquaculture UF: Ocean environment Sea farming BT: Aquatic environment Marginal basins BT: Aquaculture NT: Intertidal environment UF: Back-arc basins RT: Algal culture RT: Aphotic zone Inter-arc basins Cage culture Benthic environment BT: Structural basins Coral farming Brackishwater environment RT: Active margins Fish culture Coastal zone Continental slope Marine fish Continental shelves Forearc basins Seaweed culture Coral reefs Island arcs Shellfish culture Euphotic zone Marginal seas Sponge culture Eutrophic waters Subduction Marine fish Marine archaeology Oceanography Marginal fields USE: Archaeology Pelagic environment BT: Oil and gas fields Sea water Marine biological noise Marginal seas USE: Biological noise Marine fish UF: Adjacent seas BT: Fish Deep adjacent seas Marine biologists Marine organisms BT: Oceans USE: Marine ecologists NT: Reef fish NT: Semi-enclosed seas RT: Demersal fisheries Shelf seas Marine biology Marine aquaculture RT: Anoxic basins USE: Marine ecology Marine environment Coastal waters Marine fisheries Hydrosphere Marine biotelemetry Tropical fish Marginal basins USE: Biotelemetry Marine fisheries Margins (continental) Marine birds UF: Sea bass fisheries USE: Continental margins UF: Birds (marine) Sea fisheries BT: Aquatic birds BT: Fisheries Margins (plate) Marine organisms NT: Deep-sea fisheries USE: Plate margins NT: Guano birds High seas fisheries Pelagic fisheries Mariculture Marine chemistry Reef fisheries USE: Marine aquaculture USE: Chemical oceanography RT: Carangid fisheries Cephalopod fisheries Marigram Marine crab culture Coastal fisheries USE: Tidal curves USE: Crab culture Demersal fisheries Echinoderm fisheries Marinas Marine crustaceans Estuarine fisheries UF: Yacht harbours UF: Crustaceans (marine) Finfish fisheries BT: Artificial harbours BT: Marine organisms Gastropod fisheries RT: Recreational waters Shellfish Marine fish Yachts RT: Crustacean culture Shellfish fisheries Crustacean fisheries Sponge fisheries Crustacean larvae Tuna fisheries

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Marine fittings RT: Freshwater parks Marine snow USE: Shipboard equipment Protected resources SN: Large, fragile, flocculent, rapidly Recreational waters sinking detrital organic aggregates, Marine foundations Refuges usually comprising a matrix of USE: Foundations Sanctuaries bacteria, phytoplankton, and protozoa; site of photosynthesis and Marine geodesy Marine physics nutrient regeneration, and an BT: Geodesy USE: Physical oceanography important food source for some Marine sciences zooplankton species. Before 1995 RT: Coastal geodesy Marine plants search SUSPENDED Dynamical oceanography SN: Any microscopic or PARTICULATE MATTER Surface topography macroscopic vegetal organism RT: Algal blooms living in the marine environment Suspended particulate matter Marine geology BT: Aquatic plants UF: Geological oceanography NT: Sea grass Marine structures Submarine geology Seaweeds USE: Offshore structures BT: Geology Marine sciences Marine policy Marine technology NT: Shelf geology USE: Ocean policy BT: Technology RT: Oceanic crust RT: Coastal engineering Oceanography Marine pollution Marine sciences Sedimentology BT: Water pollution Offshore engineering Stratigraphy RT: Groundwater pollution Tectonics Ocean dumping Marine transgressions USE: Transgressions Marine insurance Marine propulsion USE: Insurance USE: Propulsion systems Marine transportation SN: All forms of waterborne Marine invertebrates Marine regressions transportation BT: Aquatic animals USE: Regressions BT: Transportation Marine organisms RT: Shipping Marine reserves Shipping lanes Marine mammals USE: Marine parks SN: Before 1982 search AQUATIC Marine turtles MAMMALS Marine resources USE: Aquatic reptiles UF: Mammals (marine) BT: Natural resources BT: Aquatic mammals RT: Food resources Marine water Marine organisms Living resources USE: Sea water Marine organisms Marine meteorology Mineral resources Maritime legislation USE: Meteorology Renewable resources BT: Legislation RT: Fishery regulations Marine molluscs Marine risers UF: Molluscs (marine) USE: Riser pipes Maritime space Mollusks (marine) USE: Ocean space BT: Marine organisms Marine sciences Shellfish BT: Aquatic sciences Maritime structures RT: Malacology NT: Marine ecology USE: Hydraulic structures Mollusc culture Marine geodesy Mollusc fisheries Marine geology Marker buoys Oceanography BT: Buoys Marine organisms RT: Algology Navigational aids BT: Aquatic organisms Fishery sciences NT: Marine birds Hydrobiology Market crab fisheries Marine crustaceans Marine scientists USE: Crab fisheries Marine fish Marine technology Marine invertebrates Planktonology Market management Marine mammals USE: Production management Marine molluscs Marine scientists Seaweeds UF: Oceanographers Market prices RT: Marine resources BT: Scientific personnel USE: Pricing RT: Marine sciences Marine parks Market research SN: Marine areas protected against Marine sedimentation UF: Marketing research human impact. USE: Sedimentation RT: Cost analysis UF: Marine reserves Marine shrimp culture Marketing BT: Protected areas USE: Shrimp culture Pricing

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Marketing Mascaret Mass transport velocity SN: All aspects related to the structure, USE: Tidal bores USE: Wave drift velocity process and logistics as well as performance of marketing system Mass Masticatory stomach UF: Commercialization BT: Physical properties BT: Stomach Marketing and distribution RT: Conservation of mass Markets Weight Masts RT: Financing SN: Use only for masts on buoys to Globalization Mass culture carry an array of meteorological Management SN: Culture of organisms in large instruments Market research number. Before 1982 search UF: Buoy masts Pricing PHYTOPLANKTON RT: Buoys Product development CULTURE Trade BT: Aquaculture techniques Materials RT: Algal culture SN: Use of a more specific term is Marketing and distribution Brine shrimp culture recommended USE: Marketing Crustacean culture NT: Alloys Phytoplankton culture Biogenic material Marketing legislation Shrimp culture Buoyancy materials USE: Commercial legislation Ceramics Mass extinctions Coating materials Marketing research RT: Climatic changes Composite materials USE: Market research Fish kill Construction materials Species extinction Fibre glass Markets Gear materials USE: Marketing Mass gravity transport (sediments) Hazardous materials SN: Use of a more specific term is Insulating materials Marking recommended Isotropic materials SN: Any procedure which makes fish BT: Sediment transport Packing materials subsequently identifiable which does NT: Debris flow Plastics not employ the use of tags Slumping Radioactive materials UF: Electrophoretic marking Raw materials NT: Cold branding Mass mortality Rubber RT: Staining USE: Fish kill Wood Tagging RT: Components Mass movement Materials technology Marl BT: Sediment movement Materials testing RT: Argillaceous deposits NT: Slides Clays RT: Creep Materials science Marlstone Mass transport USE: Materials technology Mud Sediment transport Sedimentary rocks Slope stability Materials technology UF: Materials science Marlstone Mass spectroscopy BT: Technology BT: Clastics BT: Spectroscopic techniques RT: Materials Sedimentary rocks Materials testing RT: Argillaceous deposits Mass transfer Limestone RT: Convection Materials testing Lutites Diffusion BT: Testing Marl Energy transfer NT: Nondestructive testing Marsden chart Osmosis RT: Materials USE: Marsden squares Materials technology Mass transfer (air-water exchanges) Tomography Marsden squares USE: Moisture transfer UF: Marsden chart Mathematical analysis BT: Geographical reference systems Mass transport BT: Analysis RT: Geographical coordinates UF: Mass transport (water waves) NT: Convolution Meteorological data BT: Transport Deconvolution Oceanographic data RT: Mass movement Fourier analysis Sverdrup transport Numerical analysis Marshes Wave drift velocity Spectral analysis UF: Bogs Statistical analysis BT: Wetlands Mass transport (water currents) RT: Green's function NT: Salt marshes USE: Volume transport Mathematics RT: Lenitic environment Structural analysis Shallow water Mass transport (water waves) Swamps USE: Mass transport

166 ASFA THESAURUS

Mathematical models Meandering (currents) Slope indicators UF: Compartmental models USE: Current meandering Speedometers Computer models Tellurometers Numerical models Meanders (current) Tensometers Stochastic models USE: Current rings Thermometers BT: Models Turbidimeters NT: Economic models Meanders (rivers) Wave measuring equipment Statistical models USE: River meanders RT: Instruments Tidal models Laboratory equipment RT: Algorithms Means Limnological equipment Analogs USE: Resources Oceanographic equipment Boundary conditions Recording equipment Formulae Measurement Sensors Game theory UF: Measuring Test equipment Linear programming Measuring techniques Mathematics NT: Calorimetry Measuring equipment Operations research Density measurement USE: Measuring devices Probability theory Depth measurement Scale models Flow measurement Measuring instruments Stochastic processes Geochronometry USE: Measuring devices System analysis Granulometry Gravimetry Measuring techniques Mathematical programming Hygrometry USE: Measurement BT: Operations research Light measurement NT: Linear programming Photogrammetry Mechanical bathythermographs RT: Game theory Pressure measurement USE: Bathythermographs Modelling Salinity measurement Sound measurement Mechanical properties Mathematical tables Telemetry BT: Physical properties USE: Tables Temperature measurement NT: Brittleness Water level measurement Compressibility Mathematics RT: Accuracy Deformation RT: Biometrics Methodology Elasticity Computation Flexibility Eigenfunctions Measuring Strength Equations USE: Measurement Toughness Mathematical analysis Viscosity Mathematical models Measuring devices Yield point Numerical analysis SN: Apparatus for measuring RT: Anisotropy Statistics distance, volume, weight, etc. Stress (mechanics) UF: Measuring equipment Stress-strain relations Maturation Measuring instruments USE: Sexual maturity Micrometer calipers Mechanical stimuli BT: Equipment BT: Stimuli Maximum entropy spectral NT: Altimeters RT: Auditory organs analysis Barometers Lateral line BT: Spectral analysis Bathymeters Mechanoreceptors Chronometers Maximum sustainable yield Compasses Mechanics USE: Potential yield Density measuring equipment BT: Physics Flow measuring equipment NT: Dynamics Mean sea level Gauges Fluid mechanics SN: Before 1982 search SEA Gravity meters Hydraulics LEVEL Hydrometers Kinematics BT: Sea level Hygrometers Kinetics RT: Geodesy Light measuring instruments Rheology Geoid Magnetometers Rock mechanics Levelling Manometers Soil mechanics Tidal datum Mesh gauges RT: Momentum Nephelometers Meandering Penetrometers Mechanization BT: Water motion Pressure gauges RT: Automation NT: Current meandering Radiometers Machinery RT: Fluid motion Respirometers River meanders Salinity measuring equipment Scatterometers Seismometers

167 ASFA THESAURUS

Mechanoreceptors Meiosis Mercury isotopes SN: Sense organs specialized to UF: Reduction division BT: Isotopes respond to mechanical stimuli BT: Cell division RT: Mercury such as pressure or deformation RT: Chromosomes BT: Sense organs Karyology Meridional atmospheric circuation RT: Lateral line Mitosis BT: Atmospheric circulation Mechanical stimuli Nuclei RT: Meridional oceanic circulation Pressure effects Melanges RT: Boudinage Meridional distribution Median valleys Debris flow SN: Distribution North-South along SN: Before 1982 search RIFT Deformation lines of longitude. Used only as a VALLEYS Olistostromes qualifier BT: Rift valleys Sediments BT: Geographical distribution RT: Escarpments RT: Hydrographic sections Mid-ocean ridges Melanophores Latitudinal variations Plate divergence USE: Chromatophores Meridional oceanic circulation Seafloor spreading Zonal distribution Submarine scarps Melt water BT: Water Meridional oceanic circulation Medical practice RT: Ice melting SN: North-South component of USE: Medicine Icebergs ocean circulation as seen in Melting vertical section Medicine BT: Phase changes BT: Ocean circulation SN: Restricted to marine and NT: Ice melting RT: Meridional atmospheric underwater medical practice RT: Freezing circulation UF: Life sciences (medicine) Melting point Meridional distribution Medical practice Solidification Vertical water movement BT: Health and safety Sublimation NT: Aetiology Meristic characters Melting point Underwater medicine USE: Meristic counts BT: Transition temperatures RT: Biotechnology RT: Melting Diseases Meristic counts

Drugs UF: Meristic characters Membranes Human physiology NT: Fin ray counts NT: Biological membranes Immunology Gillraker counts Cell membranes Pharmacology Vertebrae counts

Public health RT: Bony fins Membranes (biological) Symptoms Numerical taxonomy USE: Biological membranes Therapy Stock identification

Taxonomy Membranes (cells) Meetings USE: Cell membranes USE: Conferences Meromictic lakes Merchant ships BT: Lakes Megalopae UF: Cargo ships RT: Meromixis USE: Megalops BT: Ships NT: Bulk carriers Meromixis Megalops Container ships RT: Meromictic lakes UF: Megalopae Passenger ships BT: Crustacean larvae Selected ships Meroplankton Tanker ships UF: Temporary plankton Megaripples RT: Cargoes BT: Zooplankton USE: Sand waves RT: Ichthyoplankton Mercury Larvae Meiobenthic organisms SN: Before 1982 search also Veligers USE: Meiobenthos MERCURY (METAL) UF: Mercury (metal) Mesh gauges Meiobenthos BT: Heavy metals BT: Measuring devices SN: Benthic micrometazoans and RT: Mercury compounds RT: Mesh regulations foraminiferans between 63 Mercury isotopes Mesh selectivity microns and 500 microns in size UF: Meiobenthic organisms Mercury (metal) Meiofauna USE: Mercury Mesh regulations BT: Benthos BT: Fishery regulations RT: Sand Mercury compounds RT: Mesh gauges BT: Chemical compounds Mesh selectivity Meiofauna RT: Mercury Size-limit regulations USE: Meiobenthos Organometallic compounds

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Mesh selectivity Metabolic rate Hot brines UF: Size selectivity USE: Metabolism Hydrothermal deposits BT: Gear selectivity Iron RT: Mesh gauges Metabolism Lead Mesh regulations UF: Metabolic processes Manganese Metabolic rate Metallogenesis Mesocosms NT: Anabolism Mineral resources RT: Microcosms Animal metabolism Seabed deposits Catabolism Silver Mesopelagic zone Plant metabolism Sulphide deposits SN: Waters between about 200 and RT: Aestivation Zinc 500 m depth Allometry BT: Oceanic province Biochemical oxygen demand Metallogenesis RT: Bathyal-benthic zone Biochemical phenomena UF: Metallogeny Euphotic zone Bioenergetics RT: Metalliferous sediments Body temperature Mineral deposits Mesoscale eddies Digestion SN: Oceanic eddies of the order Dormancy Metallogeny 100 km diameter Endocrinology USE: Metallogenesis UF: Mid-ocean eddies Energy flow BT: Oceanic eddies Enzymatic activity Metallothioneins RT: Baroclinic instability Enzyme inhibitors BT: Proteins Conservation of vorticity Glands Current meandering Growth Metallurgy Eddy kinetic energy Hibernation BT: Technology Mesoscale features Hormones RT: Alloys Metabolic disorders Mineral resources Mesoscale features Metabolites UF: Mesoscale motion Nutrition Metals NT: Frontal features Oxygen consumption UF: Metallic elements RT: Current meandering Oxygen demand Metals (chemical elements) Mesoscale eddies Physiology BT: Chemical elements Radionuclide kinetics NT: Alkali metals Mesoscale motion Respiration Alkaline earth metals USE: Mesoscale features Water balance Heavy metals Rare earths Mesozoic Metabolites Transition elements SN: Before 1982 search RT: Biological poisons Transuranic elements MESOZOIC ERA Ectocrines RT: Alloys BT: Geological time Metabolism Chelates NT: Cretaceous Metal ions Jurassic Metal fatigue Organometallic complexes Triassic BT: Fatigue (materials) Steel RT: Phanerozoic RT: Stress corrosion Trace metals

Messengers (chemicals) Metal ions Metals (chemical elements) USE: Hormones BT: Ions USE: Metals RT: Metals Messinian Metals (materials) UF: Messinian events Metalimnion USE: Alloys BT: Miocene UF: Seasonal thermocline (lakes) RT: Palaeosalinity Thermocline (lakes) Metamorphic facies RT: Epilimnion BT: Facies Messinian events Hypolimnion NT: Amphibolite facies USE: Messinian Intermediate water masses Greenschist facies Seasonal thermocline Metabolic diseases Thermal stratification Metamorphic rocks USE: Metabolic disorders Thermocline BT: Rocks Metallic elements NT: Amphibolites Metabolic disorders USE: Metals Schists UF: Metabolic diseases Serpentinite BT: Diseases Metalliferous brines RT: Metamorphism RT: Metabolism USE: Hot brines Slates Nutrition disorders Zeolites Metalliferous sediments Metabolic processes BT: Chemical sediments USE: Metabolism RT: Copper

169 ASFA THESAURUS

Metamorphism Meteorological observations Planning NT: Hydrothermal alteration BT: Meteorological data Standardization RT: Low temperature RT: Weather maps System analysis Metamorphic rocks Technology Metasomatism Meteorological satellites USE: Scientific satellites Methods Metamorphosis USE: Methodology SN: Any marked change in stage of Meteorological tables life cycle UF: Conversion tables Methyl mercury BT: Biological phenomena (meteorology) BT: Organometallic compounds NT: Moulting BT: Tables RT: Developmental stages RT: Conversion tables Micas Larval development Nautical almanacs BT: Silicate minerals Life cycle Oceanographic tables NT: Biotite Glauconite Metasomatism Meteorological tides Muscovite RT: Chertification BT: Tides RT: Slates Diagenesis RT: Atmospheric tides Hydrothermal alteration Lunar tides Microbenthos Metamorphism Radiational tides USE: Benthos Serpentinization Solar tides Silicification Storm surges Microbial activity USE: Microorganisms Meteorological balloons Meteorologists USE: Balloons UF: Climatologists Microbial contamination BT: Scientific personnel UF: Biological contamination Meteorological buoys RT: Meteorology Microbial pollution USE: Data buoys BT: Pollution Meteorology RT: Biological pollutants Meteorological charts UF: Marine meteorology Botulism SN: Use of a more specific term is BT: Atmospheric sciences Diseases recommended NT: Polar meteorology Disinfection BT: Maps Tropical meteorology Food poisoning NT: Weather maps RT: Air-sea coupling Fungi RT: Meteorological data Air-sea interaction Microbiological analysis Meteorology Atmospheric disturbances Microbiology Atmospheric fronts Microorganisms Meteorological data Atmospheric motion Pathogens BT: Data Atmospheric physics Public health NT: Climatic data Atmospheric precipitations Meteorological observations Atmospheric pressure Microbial degradation Wind data Earth atmosphere USE: Biodegradation RT: Marsden squares Meteorological charts Meteorological charts Meteorological data Microbial mats Meteorological instruments Meteorologists Meteorology Oceanography Microbial pollution Weather USE: Microbial contamination Meteorological equipment Weather forecasting USE: Meteorological instruments Microbiological analysis Methane BT: Analysis Meteorological forcing BT: Acyclic hydrocarbons RT: Fungi USE: Atmospheric forcing RT: Chloroform Microbial contamination Gas hydrates Microbiological culture Meteorological fronts Methanogenesis Microbiology USE: Atmospheric fronts Microorganisms Methanogenesis Microbiological culture Meteorological instruments RT: Methane BT: Laboratory culture UF: Meteorological equipment RT: Cultured organisms BT: Instruments Methionine Fungi NT: Rain gauges BT: Amino acids Microbiological analysis RT: Actinometers Microbiology Balloons Methodology Microorganisms Lidar UF: Methods Meteorological data RT: Analytical techniques Microbiologists Radiosondes Graphic methods BT: Biologists Sodar Manuals RT: Microbiology Wind measuring equipment Measurement

170 ASFA THESAURUS

Microbiology NT: Bacteria Microtopography BT: Biology Viruses RT: Bottom erosion NT: Bacteriology Yeasts Pock marks Mycology RT: Aquatic organisms Seachannels Virology Epipsammon RT: Food technology Fungi Microwave imagery Infectious diseases Microbial contamination UF: Radiometers (microwave) Microbial contamination Microbiological analysis BT: Imagery Microbiological analysis Microbiological culture NT: Radar imagery Microbiological culture Microbiology RT: Microwave radiometers Microbiologists Nannoplankton Microwaves Microorganisms Satellite mosaics Parasitology Micropalaeontology Satellite sensing Pharmacology BT: Palaeontology Taxonomy RT: Foraminifera Microwave radar Geoid BT: Radar Microcards Stratigraphy NT: Synthetic aperture radar USE: Microforms RT: Microwaves Microphones Microcomputers BT: Acoustic transducers Microwave radiation USE: Computers RT: Hydrophones USE: Microwaves

Microcosms Microphotography Microwave radiometers RT: Mesocosms BT: Photography BT: Radiometers RT: Microforms RT: Microwave imagery Microearthquakes Microwaves BT: Earthquakes Microprocessors RT: Microseisms RT: Computers Microwaves UF: Microwave radiation Microfauna Microscopes BT: Electromagnetic radiation USE: Microorganisms UF: Light microscopes RT: Communication systems Optical microscopes Microwave imagery Microfiches BT: Laboratory equipment Microwave radar USE: Microforms RT: Microscopy Microwave radiometers Scatterometers Microfilms Microscopy USE: Microforms BT: Analytical techniques Midlatitude anticyclones NT: Electron microscopy USE: Anticyclones Microflora Fluorescence microscopy USE: Microorganisms Light microscopy Midlatitude cyclones RT: Chemical analysis USE: Cyclones Microforms Cytology UF: Microcards Histology Mid-ocean eddies Microfiches Microscopes USE: Mesoscale eddies Microfilms RT: Documents Microseisms Midocean ridges Microphotography BT: Seismic waves USE: Mid-ocean ridges RT: Microearthquakes Microhabitats Mid-ocean ridges BT: Habitat Microsomes UF: Midocean ridges RT: Biotopes USE: Ribosomes Mid-ocean rises Mid-oceanic ridges Microinjection Microstructure Rise (oceanic) SN: Variations in the distribution of BT: Submarine ridges temperature, salinity and velocity RT: Diverging plate boundaries Micrometer calipers on a scale of 10 cm or less Fracture zones USE: Measuring devices UF: Oceanic microstructure Median valleys BT: Spatial variations Plate divergence Micronekton NT: Salinity microstructure Seafloor spreading USE: Nekton Thermal microstructure Seismic ridges Velocity microstructure Transform faults Microorganisms RT: Double diffusion SN: Before 1982 search MICRO- Finestructure Mid-ocean rises ORGANISMS Oceanic turbulence USE: Mid-ocean ridges UF: Microbial activity Salt fingers Microfauna Mid-oceanic ridges Microflora USE: Mid-ocean ridges

171 ASFA THESAURUS

Midwater cages Military operations Mineral exploration USE: Submerged cages Naval bases UF: Exploratory mining BT: Geophysical exploration Midwater trawls Milk Resource exploration UF: Beam trawls (midwater) RT: Lactation RT: Concessions Floating trawls Mineral deposits Otter trawls (midwater) Milkfish culture Mineral industry Pair trawls (midwater) USE: Fish culture Offshore operations BT: Trawl nets Placer mining Milt Sediment sampling Migrant species USE: Roes USE: Migratory species Mineral industry Mimicry SN: Industries of mineral resources Migrations SN: Imitation of another organism or extraction of mineralized UF: Animal migrations or object in the environment (in products of organic origin BT: Behaviour form, color, and/or behaviour) BT: Industries NT: Feeding migrations UF: Adaptive colouration RT: Desalination plants Immigrations BT: Adaptations Mineral exploration Oceanodromous migrations RT: Camouflage Mineral processing Potadromous migrations Defence mechanisms Mineral resources Spawning migrations Protective behaviour Mining Vertical migrations RT: Activity patterns Minced products Mineral oils Animal navigation UF: Comminuted products USE: Petroleum Autecology Fish balls Avoidance reactions Fish mince Mineral processing Ecological distribution Fish paste RT: Mineral industry Geographical distribution Kamaboko Mineral resources Horizontal distribution Surimi Process plants Migratory species BT: Processed fishery products Orientation behaviour RT: Fermented products Mineral resources Overwintering BT: Natural resources Phenology Mine tailings NT: Mineral deposits Photoperiodicity BT: Wastes Ores Regional variations RT: Mining RT: Marine resources Seasonal distribution Strip mine lakes Metalliferous sediments Metallurgy Migratory species Mineral assemblages Mineral collections UF: Highly migratory species RT: Mineral deposits Mineral composition Migrant species Mineral industry BT: Species Mineral collections Mineral processing RT: Endemic species SN: Collections of materials Mining Migrations obtained by geological surveys Nodules Overwintering BT: Collections Nonrenewable resources Sedentary species RT: Mineral resources Salts Underwater exploitation Military activities Mineral composition Underwater exploration USE: Military operations BT: Composition RT: Hydrothermal alteration Mineral rights Military oceanography Mineral resources USE: Concessions BT: Oceanography Mineralogy RT: Defence craft Mineral salts Military operations Mineral deposits USE: Salts Undersea warfare BT: Mineral resources NT: Seabed deposits Mineral samples Military operations Subsurface deposits BT: Geological samples UF: Military activities RT: Chemical sediments RT: Mineral deposits RT: Defence craft Metallogenesis Mineralogy Military oceanography Mineral assemblages Military ports Mineral exploration Mineralization Security Mineral samples RT: Mineral deposits Surveillance and enforcement Mineralization Undersea warfare Minerals Mineralogy Ores RT: Geochemistry Military ports Outcrops Geology BT: Harbours Placer mining Mineral composition RT: Artificial harbours Mineral samples

172 ASFA THESAURUS

Minerals Sediment chemistry Mitochondria Mixing ratio Sedimentology SN: Before 1995 search CELL BT: Dimensionless numbers ORGANELLES Ratios Minerals BT: Cell organelles RT: Dew point NT: Borate minerals Humidity Carbonate minerals Mitosis Water vapour Graphite UF: Karokinesis Halide minerals BT: Cell division Mobile platforms Heavy minerals RT: Chromosomes SN: Towed or self-propelled structures Light minerals Karyology with the working level above water Manganese minerals Meiosis operated in a fixed position, excluding Oxide minerals Nuclei vessels in conventional ship form Phosphate minerals BT: Floating structures Silicate minerals Mixed gas NT: Jackup platforms Sulphate minerals UF: Helium oxygen mixture Semisubmersible platforms Sulphide minerals BT: Breathing mixtures Submersible platforms RT: Mineral deposits RT: Decks Mineralogy Mixed layer Fixed platforms Mining BT: Water column NT: Bottom mixed layer Mobility Minicomputers Surface mixed layer RT: Immobilization USE: Computers RT: Isohalines Locomotion Mixed layer depth Motion Mining UF: Exploitation (minerals) Mixed layer depth Modelling NT: Deep-sea mining UF: Thermocline depth SN: Before 1982 search SIMULATION Placer mining BT: depth RT: Mathematical programming RT: Mine tailings RT: Atmospheric forcing Models Mineral industry Hurricanes Simulation Mineral resources Mixed layer Spatial analysis Minerals Pycnocline Mining equipment Thermocline Models Mining legislation NT: Analog models Mixed species culture Mathematical models Mining equipment USE: Polyculture Scale models BT: Equipment RT: Computation RT: Hydraulic systems Mixing (sediments) Modelling Mining USE: Sediment mixing Prototypes Mining vessels Simulators Mixing (water) Mining legislation USE: Water mixing Modes BT: Legislation NT: Baroclinic mode RT: Concessions Mixing length Barotropic mode Mining BT: Length Oil and gas legislation RT: Eddy flux Modifiers Eddy viscosity USE: Additives Mining vessels Exchange coefficients RT: Deep-sea mining Shear flow Modules Mining equipment Vortices SN: Use for prefabricated units of Surface craft equipment Mixing processes UF: Skid mounted units Miocene RT: Aeration RT: Equipment SN: Before 1982 search Bioturbation MIOCENE EPOCH Cabbeling Moho BT: Neogene Diffusion UF: Mohorovicic discontinuity NT: Messinian Dispersion BT: Seismic discontinuities Downwelling RT: Asthenosphere Mirages Gas turbation Basement rock USE: Atmospheric optical Interfaces Continental drift phenomena Overturn Earth mantle Sediment mixing Earth structure Mist Trans-isopycnal mixing Lithosphere USE: Fog Turbulent diffusion Plate tectonics Turbulent entrainment Seafloor spreading Mistral Upwelling Seismic velocities USE: Local winds Water mixing Tectonophysics

173 ASFA THESAURUS

Mohorovicic discontinuity Mollusc culture Mollusks (marine) USE: Moho UF: Conch culture USE: Marine molluscs Mollusk culture Moisture BT: Shellfish culture Molting RT: Evaporation NT: Clam culture USE: Moulting Moisture transfer Mussel culture Water vapour Oyster culture Molybdenum Scallop culture BT: Heavy metals Moisture content Squid culture Transition elements USE: Water content RT: Brackishwater molluscs RT: Ferromanganese nodules Freshwater molluscs Molybdenum compounds Moisture flux Marine molluscs Molybdenum isotopes USE: Moisture transfer Raft culture Molybdenum compounds Moisture transfer Mollusc fisheries BT: Chemical compounds UF: Mass transfer (air-water UF: Mollusk fisheries RT: Molybdenum exchanges) BT: Shellfish fisheries Moisture flux NT: Cephalopod fisheries Molybdenum isotopes Water vapour transfer Clam fisheries BT: Isotopes RT: Air-water exchanges Gastropod fisheries RT: Molybdenum Air-water interface Mussel fisheries Atmospheric boundary layer Oyster fisheries Momentum Energy transfer Scallop fisheries NT: Angular momentum Evaporation RT: Brackishwater molluscs RT: Conservation of momentum Moisture Freshwater molluscs Diffusion Marine molluscs Mechanics Molecular biology Momentum transfer SN: Used only for general Molluscan larvae overviews; use of a more specific UF: Molluskan larvae Momentum conservation term is recommended BT: Invertebrate larvae USE: Conservation of momentum BT: Biology NT: Spat Veligers Momentum flux Molecular diffusion USE: Momentum transfer BT: Diffusion Molluscicides NT: Double diffusion UF: Molluskicides Momentum transfer RT: Osmosis BT: Pesticides UF: Momentum flux RT: Ichthyocides RT: Air-water exchanges Molecular heat conduction Air-water interface USE: Heat conduction Molluscs Atmospheric boundary layer USE: Shellfish Dynamic viscosity Molecular hybridization Eddy viscosity USE: Hybridization Molluscs (brackishwater) Energy transfer USE: Brackishwater molluscs Molecular viscosity Molecular mass Momentum USE: Molecular weight Molluscs (freshwater) Prandtl number USE: Freshwater molluscs Reynolds stresses Molecular structure Wave interactions RT: Molecular weight Molluscs (marine) Wave-current interaction Molecules USE: Marine molluscs Wind wave generation

Molecular taxonomy Mollusk culture Monazite USE: Chemotaxonomy USE: Mollusc culture BT: Phosphate minerals RT: Placers Molecular viscosity Mollusk fisheries Thorium BT: Viscosity USE: Mollusc fisheries RT: Laminar flow Monin-Obukhov length Momentum transfer Molluskan larvae RT: Density stratification USE: Molluscan larvae Stability Molecular weight Water density UF: Molecular mass Molluskicides BT: Weight USE: Molluscicides Monitoring RT: Chemical properties NT: Environmental monitoring Molecular structure Mollusks (brackishwater) RT: Baseline studies USE: Brackishwater molluscs Control Molecules Inspection RT: Ligands Mollusks (freshwater) Long-term changes Molecular structure USE: Freshwater molluscs Monitoring systems

174 ASFA THESAURUS

Monitoring stations Monsoons Mooring recovery USE: Monitoring systems BT: Planetary winds SN: Recovery of moorings for RT: Monsoon reversal oceanographic equipment Monitoring systems Rainy season BT: Recovery SN: Before 1982 search Sea breezes RT: Buoy mooring systems MONITORING STATIONS Tropical environment UF: Monitoring stations Tropical meteorology Mooring ships RT: Equipment Tropical oceanography USE: Berthing Fixed stations Monitoring Monthly Mooring systems Recording equipment BT: Periodicity SN: Use of a more specific term is Telemetry recommended. Before 1982 Monthly distribution search also MOORINGS Monoclonal antibodies BT: Temporal distribution UF: Moorings BT: Antibodies NT: Buoy mooring systems Montmorillonite Current meter moorings Monoculture BT: Clay minerals Ship mooring systems UF: Monospecific culture RT: Bentonite RT: Anchoring BT: Aquaculture techniques Mooring buoys RT: Axenic culture Moon Mooring lines Cage culture RT: Astronomy Mooring motion effects Crustacean culture Moon phases Fish culture Moorings Freshwater aquaculture Moon effects USE: Mooring systems Polyculture USE: Moon phases Raceway culture Moraines Moon phases BT: Glacial features Monocyclic hydrocarbons SN: Moon phases and their RT: Glacial deposits USE: Aromatic hydrocarbons influence on behaviour of aquatic organisms and on sea level Moratoria Monographs UF: Lunar cycles SN: A mandatory cessation of fishing USE: Synopsis Lunar effects activities on a species, in an area, Moon effects with a particular gear, and for a Monolayers RT: Astronomy specified period of time. USE: Monomolecular films Circadian rhythms UF: Moratorium Cycles BT: Fishery regulations Monomolecular films Moon UF: Monolayers Nyctimeral rhythms Moratorium BT: Surface films Tides USE: Moratoria RT: Surface microlayer Mooring buoys Morbidity Monosaccharides BT: Buoys USE: Diseases BT: Saccharides NT: Loading buoys NT: Arabinose RT: Berthing Morison's equation Fucose Mooring lines BT: Equations Glucose Mooring systems RT: Wave forces Mannose Ribose Mooring lines Morphogenesis Xylose BT: Cables SN: The development of form and RT: Catenary structure of an organism or part Monosex culture Chain of an organism BT: Aquaculture techniques Mooring buoys NT: Gametogenesis RT: Fish culture Mooring motion effects RT: Embryology Intensive culture Mooring systems Embryonic development Ropes Evolution Monospecific culture Towing lines Genetics USE: Monoculture Ontogeny Mooring motion effects Organism morphology Monoterpenes SN: Influence of motion on Organogenesis USE: Terpenes instrumental observations made Vitellogenesis from moored equipment Monsoon reversal BT: Motion effects Morphology (animal) RT: Current reversal RT: Buoy motion effects USE: Animal morphology Equatorial circulation Mooring lines Equatorial dynamics Mooring systems Morphology (biology) Monsoons USE: Organism morphology Tropical oceanography

175 ASFA THESAURUS

Morphology (coastal) Motion Mountains USE: Coastal morphology UF: Movement BT: Landforms NT: Anticyclonic motion RT: Orogeny Morphology (organisms) Atmospheric motion Seamounts USE: Organism morphology Buoy motion Submarine ridges Cyclonic motion Morphology (plant) Fluid motion Mouth parts USE: Plant morphology Ground motion SN: Used for animals only Particle motion NT: Baleens Morphometric analysis Rotation Radulae USE: Morphometry Sediment movement Teeth Ship motion RT: Alimentary organs Morphometry Tidal motion UF: Morphometric analysis Water motion Movement RT: Bathymetry RT: Displacement USE: Motion Bottom topography Drift Dimensions Inertia Movements (local) Hypsometric curves Mobility USE: Local movements Shape Motion effects mtDNA Oscillations SN: DNA of the mitochondria; Mortality carrier of genetic information UF: Death rate Motion effects useful in examining genetic Mortality rate SN: Effects of motion on identity of an individual BT: Population functions instrumental observations BT: DNA NT: Fishing mortality NT: Buoy motion effects

Natural mortality Mooring motion effects Mucins Tagging mortality RT: Motion UF: Mucoproteins Total mortality BT: Proteins RT: Longevity Motion sickness RT: Exocrine glands Mortality causes USE: Sea sickness Mucus Survival

Motor boats Mucopolysaccharides Mortality causes SN: Before 1982 search BOATS BT: Polysaccharides SN: Any known or hypothesized BT: Boats NT: Chitin causes for mortality Heparin RT: Algal blooms Motor fuels

Anoxia USE: Fuels Mucoproteins Asphyxia USE: Mucins Diseases Motors

Diving accidents UF: Engines Mucus Drowning NT: Diesel engines BT: Body fluids Epidemics Turbines Secretory products Fish kill RT: Electric generators RT: Exocrine glands Hypercapnia Electric power sources Mucins Hypothermia Propulsion systems

Lethal effects Moulting Mud Mortality UF: Ecdysis BT: Clastics Pollutants Molting NT: Fluid mud Pollution effects Moulting cycle RT: Clays Predation Moults Cohesive sediments Slaughter BT: Metamorphosis Marl Starvation RT: Ecdysons Mud banks Survival Mud flats Toxicants Moulting cycle Oozes

USE: Moulting Silt Mortality rate Sludge USE: Mortality Moulting hormones Slurries

USE: Ecdysons Soils Mother ships Tidal flats SN: Before 1982 search Moults Mud banks MOTHERSHIPS USE: Moulting BT: Banks (topography) BT: Support ships Bed forms RT: Fishing vessels Mountain building RT: Mud Submersibles USE: Orogeny Sand banks Underwater vehicles Submarine banks Mountain waves Tidal flats USE: Lee waves

176 ASFA THESAURUS

Mud flats Multispectral scanners Mutagens BT: Sedimentary structures RT: Radiometers SN: Substances producing RT: Mud Remote sensing equipment mutations Satellite photography UF: Mutagenic agents Mud volcanoes Water colour BT: Agents SN: Formations created created RT: Genetics when mud and sand under the Multivariate analysis Mutations surface are squeezed upward by BT: Variance analysis compressive forces and/or gas - Mutations commonly found in areas rich in Muscle fibers SN: Change in the characteristics oil and natural gas. USE: Muscles of an organism by alteration of BT: Volcanoes hereditary material RT: Continental shelves Muscles UF: Chromosome mutations Petroleum geology UF: Muscle fibers Gene mutations Red muscles Lethal mutations Mudflows Smooth muscles Somatic mutations USE: Debris flow Striated muscles BT: Biological phenomena Tendous musculature RT: Biological speciation Muds (drilling) White muscles Bioselection USE: Drilling fluids BT: Musculoskeletal system Chromosomes RT: Actin Degeneration Mudstone Cholinesterase inhibitors Evolution BT: Clastics Glycogen Genes Sedimentary rocks Myoglobins Genetic abnormalities RT: Lutites Myosin Genetic drift Siltstone Tissues Genetics Slates Genotypes Muscovite Mutagens Mullet fisheries BT: Micas New species BT: Finfish fisheries Muscular system Mutualism Multibeam sonar USE: Musculoskeletal system USE: Symbiosis BT: Active sonar Musculoskeletal system Mycobacterial infections Multinational expeditions SN: Before 1982 search MUSCULAR USE: Tuberculosis USE: Multiship expeditions SYSTEM and/or SKELETON UF: Muscular system Mycology Multiphase flow NT: Muscles BT: Microbiology UF: Three phase flow Skeleton RT: Fungal diseases Two phase flow RT: Cartilage Fungi BT: Fluid flow Connective tissues Fungicides RT: Laminar flow Parasitology Turbulent flow Museum collections Unsteady flow BT: Collections Mycoses RT: Museums USE: Fungal diseases Multiple use of resources RT: Exploitation Museums Mycotic diseases Natural resources BT: Information centres USE: Fungal diseases RT: Exhibitions Multiship expeditions Museum collections Myoglobins SN: Surveys involving the use of BT: Proteins two or more research vessels Mussel culture RT: Blood UF: Expeditions (multiship) SN: Before 1982 use MOLLUSC Muscles International expeditions CULTURE Multinational expeditions BT: Mollusc culture Myoneme BT: Expeditions RT: Mussel fisheries USE: Cell organelles RT: Cruises Spat Research vessels Myosin Mussel fisheries BT: Proteins Multispecies fisheries BT: Mollusc fisheries RT: Muscles BT: Fisheries RT: Mussel culture RT: Catch composition Nannofossil ooze Dominant species Mutagenesis RT: Calcareous ooze Ecological succession Coccoliths Mutagenic agents USE: Mutagens

177 ASFA THESAURUS

Nannoplankton Natural gas Water resources SN: Planktonic organisms smaller BT: Fossil fuels RT: Multiple use of resources than 60 microns Gases Protected resources UF: Bacterioplankton NT: Liquefied natural gas Rare resources Nanoplankton RT: Crude oil Raw materials BT: Plankton Gas condensates Resource conservation RT: Bacteria Gas fields Resource management Filter feeders Gas production Microorganisms Gas seepages Natural selection Gas terminals UF: Survival of the fittest Nanoplankton Oil BT: Bioselection USE: Nannoplankton Oil and gas exploration RT: Competition Oil and gas industry Environmental effects Nansen bottles Oil and gas legislation USE: Water samplers Oil-gas interface Nature conservation Petroleum UF: Wildlife conservation Naphthalene BT: Conservation BT: Aromatic hydrocarbons Natural habitat RT: Environment management USE: Habitat Rare species Nappes Refuges SN: Large horizontal recumbent Natural immunity Sanctuaries tectonic folds that have travelled USE: Immunity Species extinction along thrust planes BT: Folds Natural increase Nature reserves RT: Tectonics USE: Biological production SN: Before 2008 search MARINE PARKS Narcosis Natural mortality USE: Protected areas NT: Nitrogen narcosis UF: Natural mortality coefficient BT: Mortality Nauplii Narcotics RT: Biotic pressure BT: Crustacean larvae BT: Drugs Diseases RT: Anaesthetics Predation Nautical almanacs Total mortality UF: Ephemeris Natality Natural mortality coefficient BT: Almanacs USE: Fecundity USE: Natural mortality RT: Meteorological tables Navigational tables National allocation Natural populations USE: Allocation systems SN: All individuals of a certain species Nautical archaeology inhabiting a specified region USE: Archaeology National boundaries UF: Populations (natural) USE: International boundaries NT: Animal populations Nautical bottom Plant populations USE: Water depth National planning RT: Population characteristics UF: Planning (national) Population control Nautical charts BT: Planning Population dynamics USE: Navigational charts RT: Regional planning Population factors Population functions Naval architecture Native fishing Population genetics USE: Ship technology USE: Indigenous fishing Population structure Naval bases Natural breeding Natural production BT: Harbours USE: Breeding USE: Biological production RT: Defence craft Military ports Natural disasters Natural resources USE: Disasters SN: Restricted to resources within or Naval craft beneath the aquatic environment USE: Defence craft Natural fibre rope UF: Aquatic natural resources USE: Fibre rope (natural) BT: Resources Naval engineering NT: Common property resources USE: Ship technology Natural food Energy resources USE: Food organisms Food resources Naval technology Living resources USE: Ship technology Natural frequency Marine resources USE: Resonant frequency Mineral resources Navier-Stokes equations Nonrenewable resources BT: Equations Renewable resources RT: Hydrodynamics Unconventional resources Reynolds stresses

178 ASFA THESAURUS

Naviface Shipping rules Navigational hazards USE: Air-water interface BT: Legislation BT: Hazards NT: Harbour regulations RT: Navigation Navigable channels RT: Collision avoidance Navigational charts USE: Navigational channels Navigation Shoals Navigation policy Wrecks Navigation Shipping SN: Use of a more specific term is Traffic management Navigational regulations recommended; used only for USE: Navigation regulations general aspects Navigation systems UF: Surface navigation RT: Autopilots Navigational satellites NT: Acoustic navigation Navigational aids BT: Satellites Celestial navigation RT: Satellite navigation Dead reckoning Navigation under ice Inertial navigation BT: Navigation underwater Navigational tables Navigation in ice RT: Inertial navigation BT: Navigational aids Navigation underwater Navigation in ice Tables Radar navigation Polar exploration RT: Decca Radio navigation Loran Satellite navigation Navigation underwater Nautical almanacs RT: Animal navigation UF: Seabed acoustic position fixing Navigational charts Direction finding Underwater navigation Oceanographic tables Dynamic positioning BT: Navigation Omega Navigation policy NT: Navigation under ice Navigation regulations RT: Acoustic navigation Neap tides Navigational aids Acoustic tracking systems BT: Tides Navigational buoys Inertial navigation Navigational hazards Near-bottom currents Position fixing Navigational aids USE: Bottom currents Seamanship NT: Acoustic beacons Ship handling Compasses Nearshore bars Ship routeing Lighthouses UF: Bars Standard signals Marker buoys Offshore bars Navigational buoys Submarine bars Navigation (animal) Navigational charts BT: Beach features USE: Animal navigation Navigational tables NT: Break-point bars RT: Autopilots Longshore bars Navigation canals Lightships Transverse bars USE: Ship canals Navigation RT: Barrier beaches Navigation systems Bed forms Navigation channels Position fixing Deposition features USE: Navigational channels Radar Destructive waves Nearshore dynamics Navigation in ice Navigational buoys Sand bars SN: Before 1982 search ICE SN: Before 1982 search also NAVIGATION NAVIGATION BUOYS Nearshore circulation UF: Ice navigation BT: Buoys USE: Nearshore dynamics Polar navigation Navigational aids BT: Navigation RT: Navigation Nearshore currents RT: Ice SN: Before 1982 search Ice breakers Navigational channels LITTORAL CURRENTS and Ice breaking UF: Navigable channels ONSHORE CURRENTS Ice breakup Navigation channels UF: Coastal currents (littoral) Ice jams BT: Channels Inshore currents Ice routeing RT: Ship canals Littoral currents Ice-free periods Onshore currents Leads Navigational charts BT: Water currents Navigation under ice SN: Before 1982 search also NT: Longshore currents Polar exploration NAVIGATION CHARTS Rip currents UF: Lattice charts Undertow Navigation policy Nautical charts RT: Coastal currents BT: Policies Pilot charts Coastal oceanography RT: Navigation BT: Maps Estuarine dynamics Navigation regulations Navigational aids Nearshore dynamics RT: Hydrographic surveys Upwelling Navigation regulations Navigational hazards Wind-driven currents UF: Navigational regulations Navigational tables

179 ASFA THESAURUS

Nearshore dynamics Nekton Nephrons UF: Nearshore circulation UF: Micronekton USE: Kidneys BT: Shelf dynamics Necton RT: Bay dynamics BT: Aquatic communities Neptunium Coastal boundary layer RT: Nekton collecting devices BT: Actinides Coastal jets Transuranic elements Coastal oceanography Nekton collecting devices RT: Neptunium isotopes Coastal waters UF: Necton collecting devices Dynamical oceanography BT: Collecting devices Neptunium isotopes Estuarine dynamics RT: Fishing nets BT: Isotopes Lake dynamics Nekton RT: Neptunium Nearshore bars Zooplankton Nearshore currents Neritic province Nearshore sedimentation Nematocysts SN: All of the water mass from the Surf zone USE: Stinging organs lowest tide line to the outer edge Waves on beaches of the continental shelf Neodymium UF: Neritic region Nearshore environment BT: Lanthanides Neritic zone USE: Coastal zone RT: Neodymium isotopes BT: Pelagic environment RT: Continental shelves Nearshore oceanography Neodymium isotopes Epipelagic zone USE: Coastal oceanography BT: Isotopes Littoral zone RT: Neodymium Oceanic province Nearshore sedimentation UF: Littoral sedimentation Neogene Neritic region BT: Sedimentation UF: Upper tertiary USE: Neritic province RT: Intertidal sedimentation BT: Tertiary Littoral deposits NT: Miocene Neritic zone Nearshore dynamics Pliocene USE: Neritic province Sedimentary environments Sublittoral zone Neon Nerve cells BT: Rare gases USE: Neurons Near-surface circulation RT: Neon isotopes USE: Surface circulation Nerve fibers Neon isotopes USE: Nerves Near-surface layer BT: Isotopes SN: Part of surface layer in which RT: Neon Nerve ganglia surface water wave motion is a USE: Ganglia major factor in buoy and mooring Neoplasms motions and instrument USE: Tumours Nerve tissues observations, e.g. current meter Neoteny USE: Nervous tissues readings SN: Retention of larval characters BT: Surface layers beyond the usual period Nerves RT: Surface microlayer UF: Paedomorphism UF: Afferent nerves Surface water waves BT: Biological properties Efferent nerves RT: Larvae Nerve fibers Necroses Peripheral nerves UF: Gangrenes Nepheloid layer BT: Peripheral nervous system Piscine erythrocyte necrosis UF: Nepheloid zone RT: Brain BT: Symptoms BT: Discontinuity layers Connective tissues NT: Ulcerative dermal necrosis RT: Continental rise Ganglia RT: Anoxia Contour currents Nervous tissues Cells Light scattering Diseases Nephelometers Nervous system Injuries Suspended particulate matter BT: Anatomical structures Turbidity NT: Autonomic nervous system Necton Turbidity currents Central nervous system USE: Nekton Peripheral nervous system Nepheloid zone RT: Nervous tissues Necton collecting devices USE: Nepheloid layer Neurons USE: Nekton collecting devices Neurophysiology Nephelometers Neurosecretion Negative ions BT: Measuring devices Neurosecretory system USE: Anions RT: Light measuring instruments Neurotransmitters Nepheloid layer Synapses Nehrung Photometers Thyroid USE: Barrier spits Water transparency

180 ASFA THESAURUS

Nervous tissues Nets Neurohumor UF: Nerve tissues NT: Fishing nets BT: Hormones BT: Tissues RT: Netting materials RT: Nervous system RT: Ganglia Ropes Neurons Nerves Neurophysiology Nervous system Netsondes Synapses Neurons USE: Net sounders Neurosecretion Neuston Sense organs Netting materials BT: Aquatic communities SN: Hand- or machine-made RT: Plankton collecting devices Nesting material for fishing nets UF: Nesting activity BT: Gear materials Neutrally buoyant floats Nesting behaviour RT: Nets USE: Swallow floats RT: Bird eggs Synthetic fibres Breeding Neutron activation analysis Breeding seasons Neurohumor BT: Activation analysis Breeding sites USE: Neurotransmitters Clutch New classes Hatching Neurones BT: New taxa Nests USE: Neurons Reproductive behaviour New distribution Neurons USE: New records Nesting activity SN: Search also NEURONES USE: Nesting UF: Axons New families Dendrites BT: New taxa Nesting behaviour Nerve cells USE: Nesting Neurones New genera BT: Cells UF: New genus Nests RT: Nervous system BT: New taxa RT: Bird eggs Nervous tissues RT: Evolution Breeding sites Neurotransmitters Clutch Receptors New genus Nesting Synapses USE: New genera Redds Neurophysiology New orders Net avoidance BT: Physiology BT: New taxa USE: Avoidance reactions RT: Nervous system Neurosecretory system New product development Net construction Neurotransmitters USE: Product development USE: Gear construction Sense functions Sense organs New products Net culture UF: Improved products USE: Cage culture Neurosecretion BT: Products BT: Secretion RT: Industrial products Net fishing RT: Nervous system Product development BT: Catching methods Nervous tissues NT: Seining Neurosecretory system New records Trawling Pineal organ UF: New distribution RT: Fishing nets RT: Distribution Neurosecretory system Net radiation BT: Anatomical structures New species USE: Radiation balance RT: Nervous system BT: New taxa Neurophysiology Species Net solar radiation Neurosecretion RT: Biological speciation USE: Solar radiation Pineal organ Evolution Mutations Net sounders Neurotoxins UF: Netsondes SN: Toxins which affect the New taxa BT: Acoustic equipment nervous system. Before 1982 BT: Taxa RT: Trawl nets search POISONS NT: New classes Trawling (BIOLOGICAL) New families BT: Biological poisons New genera Net terrestrial radiation RT: Botulism New orders USE: Terrestrial radiation Tetrodotoxin New species New varieties Neurotransmitters RT: Holotypes UF: Acetylcholine Type localities

181 ASFA THESAURUS

New varieties Nitrites Nitrogenous compounds BT: New taxa BT: Nitrogen compounds USE: Nitrogen compounds RT: Nitrates Niches Nitrogen cycle Nitrosamines UF: Ecological niches Salts BT: Amines RT: Aquatic communities Behaviour Nitrogen Nitrous acid Biotopes BT: Atmospheric gases USE: Nitric acids Ecosystems Nonmetals Habitat NT: Organic nitrogen Nitrous oxide RT: Carbon/nitrogen ratio BT: Nitrogen compounds Nickel Nitrogen compounds Oxides BT: Heavy metals Nitrogen cycle Transition elements Nitrogen fixation NMR techniques RT: Ferromanganese nodules Nitrogen isotopes USE: Nuclear magnetic resonance Nickel compounds Non-conservative properties Nickel isotopes Nobbing Nitrogen compounds USE: Gutting Nickel compounds UF: Nitrogenous compounds BT: Chemical compounds BT: Chemical compounds Noble gases RT: Nickel NT: Ammonia USE: Rare gases Nitrates Nickel isotopes Nitrites Nodal tides BT: Isotopes Nitrous oxide BT: Tides RT: Nickel RT: Amino acids RT: Long-period tides Chemical fertilizers Tidal perturbation Nicotinic acid Cyanides BT: Organic acids Nitrogen Node construction Nitrogen cycle RT: Joints Nighttime Nitrogen fixation Offshore structures RT: Daytime Organic compounds Tubing Diurnal variations Organic nitrogen Nodes Proteins USE: Joints Niobium Urea UF: Columbium Nodules BT: Heavy metals Nitrogen cycle SN: Use only for chemical RT: Niobium isotopes UF: Nitrate cycle sediments found on seafloor BT: Nutrient cycles BT: Chemical sediments Niobium isotopes RT: Ammonia NT: Ferromanganese nodules BT: Isotopes Denitrification Phosphorite nodules RT: Niobium Nitrates RT: Cherts Nitrification Concretions Niskin samplers Nitrites Mineral resources USE: Water samplers Nitrogen Seabed deposits Nitrogen compounds Sedimentary structures Nitrate cycle Nitrogen fixation USE: Nitrogen cycle Noise (electronics) Nitrogen fixation USE: Electronic noise Nitrates SN: The process by which certain BT: Nitrogen compounds bacteria are able to transform Noise (radar echoes) RT: Nitrites elemental nitrogen into ammonia USE: Radar clutter Nitrogen cycle BT: Chemical reactions Nutrients (mineral) RT: Ammonia Noise (sound) Salts Biochemical phenomena BT: Sound Nitrogen NT: Ambient noise Nitric acids Nitrogen compounds Underwater noise SN: Before 1978 search Nitrogen cycle RT: Noise reduction INORGANIC ACIDS Vibration UF: Nitrous acid Nitrogen isotopes BT: Inorganic acids BT: Isotopes Noise generators RT: Nitrogen USE: Sound generators Nitrification BT: Chemical reactions Nitrogen narcosis Noise reduction RT: Denitrification BT: Narcosis UF: Noise suppression Nitrogen cycle RT: Decompression sickness BT: Damping Underwater medicine RT: Acoustic insulation Noise (sound)

182 ASFA THESAURUS

Noise suppression Nonmetals Nuclear membranes USE: Noise reduction BT: Chemical elements USE: Cell membranes NT: Aluminium Nomenclature Boron Nuclear physics USE: Terminology Carbon UF: Atomic physics Germanium BT: Physics Nomograms Halogens RT: Radioactivity USE: Conversion tables Hydrogen Radioisotopes Nitrogen Non penaeid shrimp fisheries Oxygen Nuclear power plants USE: Shrimp fisheries Phosphorus SN: Before 1982 search POWER Polonium PLANTS Non-cohesive sediments Scandium UF: Atomic power plants USE: Cohesionless sediments Silicon BT: Power plants Sulphur RT: Nuclear energy Non-conservative properties Radioactive contamination BT: Properties Non-Newtonian fluids Radioactive wastes RT: Conservative properties BT: Fluids Dissolved oxygen RT: Rheology Nuclear propulsion Nitrogen RT: Propulsion systems Phosphates Nonrenewable resources Submarines Silicates BT: Natural resources Underwater propulsion Water masses RT: Fossil fuels Mineral resources Nuclear radiations Nonconventional resources Renewable resources BT: Ionizing radiation USE: Unconventional resources Seabed deposits RT: Electromagnetic radiation Fallout Nondestructive testing Non-target species Radioactive wastes UF: Acoustic emission testing SN: Species for which the gear is Radioactivity Flaw detection not specifically set, although they Radiochemistry Magnetic particle testing may have immediate commercial Radiometric dating Radiographic testing value. Ultrasonic testing USE: By catch Nuclear wastes BT: Materials testing USE: Radioactive wastes RT: Acoustic emission Nontronite Tomography BT: Clay minerals Nuclei UF: Nucleus Nonferrous alloys Northern lobster fisheries BT: Cell constituents BT: Alloys USE: Lobster fisheries RT: Genomes Ice nuclei Nonlinear equations Noxious organisms Karyology BT: Equations UF: Injurious organisms Meiosis RT: Differential equations Stinging organisms Mitosis Integral equations BT: Aquatic organisms Protoplasts Numerical analysis NT: Poisonous organisms RT: Parasites Nucleic acids Nonlinear wave interactions Stinging organs BT: Organic acids BT: Wave interactions Venom apparatus NT: DNA RT: Nonlinear waves RNA Nuclear division RT: Genetics Nonlinear waves USE: Cell division Nucleotides BT: Water waves Protein denaturation NT: Finite amplitude waves Nuclear energy Proteins Stokes waves UF: Atomic energy RT: Capillary waves BT: Energy Nucleotide sequence Internal waves RT: Nuclear power plants RT: Nucleotides Linear waves Radioactivity Nonlinear wave interactions Nucleotides Shallow water waves Nuclear explosions BT: Organic compounds Surface gravity waves BT: Explosions NT: ADP Trapped waves RT: Fission products AMP Radioactive contamination ATP Nonlinearity Underwater explosions RT: Nucleic acids RT: Variability Nucleotide sequence Nuclear magnetic resonance Organic acids UF: NMR techniques RT: Spectroscopic techniques

183 ASFA THESAURUS

Nucleus Nutrient deficiency Nutritional diseases USE: Nuclei UF: Nutrient depletion USE: Nutrition disorders BT: Dietary deficiencies Nuclides RT: Nutrient cycles Nutritional requirements USE: Isotopes Nutrients (mineral) UF: Food requirements Nutrition RT: Balanced diets Numerical analysis Vitamin deficiencies Balanced rations BT: Mathematical analysis Body conditions NT: Approximation Nutrient depletion Deficiency diseases Finite difference method USE: Nutrient deficiency Dietary deficiencies Finite element method Diets Functional analysis Nutrient salts Ecological efficiency Perturbation method USE: Nutrients (mineral) Feeding experiments RT: Algorithms Food consumption Boundary value problems Nutrients (mineral) Nutrition Computer programs SN: Inorganic and organic nutrients Nutrition disorders Conversion tables in water Nutritive value Critical path method UF: Nutrient salts Trophodynamic cycle Differential equations RT: Biological production Game theory Chemosynthesis Nutritional types Integral equations Energy budget NT: Autotrophy Mathematics Eutrophication Heterotrophy Nonlinear equations Fertilizers RT: Nutrition Numerical taxonomy Hypertrophy PERT Limiting factors Nutritive value Splines Nitrates RT: Balanced rations Statistical analysis Nutrient cycles Calories Tidal equations Nutrient deficiency Carbohydrates Nutrition Dietary deficiencies Numerical models Phosphates Diets USE: Mathematical models Silicates Feed efficiency Trace elements Food Numerical taxonomy Food composition BT: Taxonomy Nutrition Nutrition RT: Biometrics SN: Use of a more specific term is Nutritional requirements Correlation analysis recommended Proteins Meristic counts UF: Human nutrition Vitamins Numerical analysis NT: Animal nutrition Variance analysis Plant nutrition Nyctimeral rhythms RT: Feeding BT: Biological rhythms Nursery grounds Food RT: Diurnal variations SN: Regions particulary rich in Food absorption Light effects food organisms where feeding of Metabolism Moon phases fish larvae and juveniles takes Nutrient deficiency Phototaxis place Nutrients (mineral) Phototropism UF: Feeding ground Nutritional requirements RT: Nursery ponds Nutritional types Nymphs Spawning Nutritive value BT: Insect larvae Spawning grounds Physiology RT: Emergence Insect eggs Nursery ponds Nutrition disorders UF: Fish rearing ponds SN: Diseases caused by Oases BT: Growing ponds deficiencies and imbalances of RT: Nursery grounds major dietary components Obduction UF: Nutritional diseases RT: Continental crust Nutrient cycles BT: Diseases Plate tectonics SN: Cycle of nutrients in aquatic RT: Anaemia Plates environments Animal diseases Subduction BT: Biogeochemical cycle Deficiency diseases NT: Carbon cycle Dietary deficiencies Obituaries Nitrogen cycle Diets RT: Documents Phosphorus cycle Human diseases Silicon cycle Husbandry diseases OBS RT: Biological production Metabolic disorders USE: Ocean bottom seismometers Nutrient deficiency Nutritional requirements Nutrients (mineral) Starvation Vitamin deficiencies

184 ASFA THESAURUS

Observation chambers Ocean current energy conversion Ocean law BT: Manned vehicles USE: Current power USE: Law of the sea NT: Bathyspheres RT: Tethered vehicles Ocean currents Ocean loading SN: Search also WATER UF: Tidal loading Observation platforms CURRENTS BT: Loads (forces) USE: Instrument platforms BT: Water currents RT: Cyclic loading RT: Bottom currents Earth tides Obsidian Boundary currents Tides BT: Glass Countercurrents RT: Volcanic glass Current rings Ocean outfalls Dynamical oceanography USE: Outfalls Occluded fronts Ocean circulation USE: Atmospheric fronts Palaeocurrents Ocean plateaux Shelf currents USE: Submarine plateaux Ocean basin floor Subsurface currents USE: Ocean floor Surface currents Ocean policy Undercurrents SN: Search also MARINE Ocean basins Wind-driven currents POLICY SN: Use for studies on major ocean UF: Marine policy basins, their origin, evolution and Ocean data routes BT: Policies present configuration. Use OCEAN USE: Standard ocean sections RT: Law of the sea FLOOR for basins with each ocean Ocean space and for sedimentation studies Ocean dumping Seabed conventions UF: Submarine basins SN: The dumping of wastes at sea BT: Basins UF: Dumping Ocean ranching Submarine features BT: Waste disposal USE: Ranching RT: Abyssal plains RT: Marine pollution Bottom topography Pollution convention Ocean space Continental drift SN: In the legal aspect only Epeirogeny Ocean engineering UF: Maritime space Forearc basins USE: Offshore engineering NT: Contiguous zones Ocean floor Exclusive economic zone Oceanic crust Ocean environment High seas Structural basins USE: Marine environment International waters Territorial waters Ocean beaches Ocean farming RT: Extended jurisdiction USE: Beaches USE: Marine aquaculture Ocean policy

Ocean bottom seismometers Ocean floor Ocean stations UF: OBS SN: Use for natural phenomena and UF: Ocean weather stations BT: Seismometers processes taking place on BT: Fixed stations seafloor. For tectonic studies use RT: Data buoys Ocean bottom topography OCEAN BASINS. Before 1983 Data reports USE: Bottom topography search also SEABED Weather ships UF: Deep-sea bed Ocean circulation Floor (ocean) Ocean surface temperature UF: General circulation (oceans) Ocean basin floor USE: Surface temperature Oceanic circulation Sea bed BT: Water circulation Sea floor Ocean surveillance NT: Abyssal circulation Seabed USE: Surveillance and enforcement Equatorial circulation RT: Abyssal plains Gyres Bottom topography Ocean thermal energy conversion Meridional oceanic circulation Bottom tow USE: OTEC Oceanic eddies Continental rise Thermohaline circulation Continental slope Ocean tides RT: Atmospheric circulation Ocean basins BT: Tides Bottom topography effects Oceanic crust Heat transport Seafloor mapping Ocean water Ocean currents Seafloor sampling USE: Sea water Ocean-atmosphere system Seafloor spreading Surface circulation Submarine features Ocean waves Sverdrup transport Trenches (pipelines) USE: Surface water waves Wind-driven circulation Ocean floor topography Ocean weather ships Ocean crust USE: Bottom topography USE: Weather ships USE: Oceanic crust

185 ASFA THESAURUS

Ocean weather stations Oceanic eddies Ocean-ice-atmosphere system USE: Ocean stations SN: Before 1982 search EDDIES RT: Air-sea coupling (OCEANIC) Ocean-atmosphere system Oceanaria UF: Eddies (oceanic) Sea ice USE: Aquaria BT: Ocean circulation NT: Current rings Oceanite Ocean-atmosphere system Mesoscale eddies BT: Basalts UF: Atmosphere-ocean system Oceanic fronts RT: Air-sea coupling UF: Oceanographic fronts Oceanization Air-sea interaction BT: Fronts SN: Conversion of continental Air-water exchanges NT: Benthic fronts crust into oceanic crust Climate Density fronts RT: Continental crust Dynamical oceanography Estuarine front Oceanic crust Earth atmosphere Shelf fronts Hydrosphere RT: Frontal features Oceanodromous migrations Ocean circulation Subtropical convergences BT: Migrations Ocean-ice-atmosphere system RT: Feeding migrations Teleconnections Oceanic islands Spawning migrations BT: Islands Oceanic boundary layer NT: Volcanic islands Oceanographers BT: Boundary layers USE: Marine scientists RT: Air-water interface Oceanic microstructure Surface Ekman layer USE: Microstructure Oceanographic atlases Surface mixed layer BT: Atlases Upper ocean Oceanic province RT: Climatological charts UF: Oceanic region Geological maps Oceanic circulation BT: Pelagic environment Hydrographic charts USE: Ocean circulation NT: Abyssopelagic zone Hydrographic sections Bathypelagic zone Oceanographic data Oceanic convection Epipelagic zone Oceanography BT: Convection Mesopelagic zone RT: Neritic province Oceanographic buoys Oceanic convergences USE: Data buoys BT: Convergence zones Oceanic region NT: Polar convergences USE: Oceanic province Oceanographic cartography Subtropical convergences USE: Cartography RT: Advection Oceanic response Downwelling UF: Response (oceanic) Oceanographic charts Oceanic divergences RT: Atmospheric forcing USE: Hydrographic charts Water masses Hurricanes Response time Oceanographic data Oceanic crust BT: Data SN: Before 1983 search also Oceanic ridges NT: Bathymetric data SUBMARINE CRUST USE: Submarine ridges Bathythermographic data UF: Crust (ocean) RT: Current data Ocean crust Oceanic trenches Marsden squares Submarine crust SN: Before 1982 search TRENCHES Oceanographic atlases Suboceanic crust UF: Submarine trenches Oceanographic surveys BT: Earth crust Trenches (oceanic) Salinity data RT: Continental crust BT: Submarine features Standard ocean sections Crustal accretion RT: Benioff zone Time series Marine geology Continental margins Water temperature data Ocean basins Converging plate boundaries Wave data Ocean floor Deep-sea furrows Oceanographic equipment Oceanization Forearc basins UF: Oceanographic instruments Sima Island arcs BT: Equipment Subduction Plate convergence RT: Bathymeters Potential temperature Cable depressors Oceanic deserts Subduction zones Collecting devices RT: Gyres Valleys Data buoys Deck equipment Oceanic divergences Oceanic turbulence Depth recorders BT: Divergence zones BT: Turbulence Free-fall instruments RT: Oceanic convergences RT: Dye dispersion GEK Upwelling Microstructure Geophysical equipment Water motion Laboratory equipment Wave dissipation Measuring devices

186 ASFA THESAURUS

Profilers Fishery oceanography Offshore Remote sensing equipment Military oceanography RT: Continental shelves Samplers Palaeoceanography Sensors Physical oceanography Offshore bars Sound recorders Polar oceanography USE: Nearshore bars Sounding lines Radio oceanography Streamers Tropical oceanography Offshore completion Thermistor chains RT: Marine ecology USE: Well completion Undulators Marine environment Marine geology Offshore docking Oceanographic fronts Meteorology BT: Berthing USE: Oceanic fronts Oceanographic atlases RT: Artificial harbours Oceanographic institutions Deep-water terminals Oceanographic institutions Oceanographic surveys Tanker terminals SN: Before 1982 use OCEANOLOGICAL INSTITUTIONS Oceanological institutions Offshore drilling UF: Oceanological institutions USE: Oceanographic institutions USE: Drilling BT: Research institutions RT: Biological institutions Oceanology Offshore engineering Fishery institutions USE: Oceanography SN: Before 1982 search also Oceanography MARINE ENGINEERING and Oceanology (biological) OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY Oceanographic instruments USE: Marine ecology UF: Ocean engineering USE: Oceanographic equipment Offshore technology Oceans Seabed engineering Oceanographic satellites UF: Seas Underwater engineering USE: Scientific satellites BT: Water bodies BT: Engineering NT: Marginal seas RT: Geotechnology Oceanographic stations RT: Upper ocean Marine technology SN: Use of a more specific term is Offshore structures recommended OCS Petroleum engineering UF: Stations (oceanographic) USE: Outer continental shelf Underwater exploitation NT: Cruise stations Underwater exploration Drifting stations Octopus fisheries Underwater structures Fixed stations USE: Cephalopod fisheries Standard ocean sections Offshore equipment RT: Station keeping Odor BT: Equipment Station lists USE: Odour RT: Offshore operations

Oceanographic surveys Odour Offshore operations SN: Before 1983 search also SN: Before 1982 search NT: Deep-sea drilling ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEYS ORGANOLEPTIC PROPERTIES Deep-sea mining BT: Environmental surveys UF: Aroma RT: Locations (working) RT: Geological surveys Odor Mineral exploration Hydrography BT: Organoleptic properties Offshore equipment Oceanographic data RT: Olfaction Oil and gas exploration Oceanography Tanker loading Site surveys Odour imprinting Standard ocean sections USE: Imprinting Offshore platforms USE: Offshore structures Oceanographic tables Oesophagus BT: Tables UF: Esophagus Offshore protection NT: Salinity tables RT: Digestive system USE: Surveillance and RT: Conversion tables enforcement Meteorological tables Off flavour Navigational tables RT: Palatability Offshore structures Tide tables Taste SN: Before 1982 search MARINE STRUCTURES Oceanography Off-bottom culture UF: Marine structures SN: Before 1982 search also UF: Hanging culture Offshore platforms OCEANOLOGY Long-line culture Platforms (offshore) UF: Oceanology Pole culture BT: Hydraulic structures BT: Earth sciences Rack culture NT: Articulated columns Marine sciences BT: Aquaculture techniques Artificial islands NT: Chemical oceanography RT: Raft culture Artificial reefs Coastal oceanography Seaweed culture Caissons Dynamical oceanography Shellfish culture Fixed platforms

187 ASFA THESAURUS

Floating structures Oil and gas fields Oil pollution Underwater structures Oil and gas legislation BT: Pollution RT: Accommodation Oil and gas production RT: Ice-oil interface Concrete structures Oil refineries Oil Design wave Oil wastes Oil removal Node construction Petroleum Oil seepages Offshore engineering Process plants Oil slicks Perforated structures Oil spills Steel structures Oil and gas legislation Oil wastes Structural engineering BT: Legislation Sediment pollution Work platforms RT: Concessions Tar balls Mining legislation Water pollution Offshore technology Natural gas USE: Offshore engineering Oil Oil potential Oil and gas industry USE: Oil reserves Offshore terminals BT: Tanker terminals Oil and gas production Oil processing RT: Berthing SN: Pertains to petroleum USE: Oil treating Loading buoys production UF: Exploitation (oil and gas) Oil production Oil Production (oil and gas) SN: Pertains to surface equipment RT: Crude oil NT: Gas production and methods used to produce oil Hydrocarbons Oil production from underground reservoirs Natural gas RT: Gas oil separation UF: Crude oil production Oil and gas exploration Gas processing BT: Oil and gas production Oil and gas industry Oil and gas fields RT: Crude oil Oil and gas legislation Oil and gas industry Oil Oil fields Oil recovery Oil fields Oil pollution Oil treating Oil in water content Oil production Oil wells Oil reserves Petroleum Production platforms Subsea production systems Oil recovery Oil and gas exploration Well workover operations RT: Crude oil UF: Exploratory drilling Oil and gas production BT: Geophysical exploration Oil barriers Resource exploration USE: Oil removal Oil refineries RT: Concessions UF: Refineries Drilling Oil booms RT: Oil and gas industry Leases USE: Floating barriers Process plants Natural gas Offshore operations Oil extraction (animal) Oil removal Oil USE: Animal oil extraction SN: Oil removal in aquatic Oil and gas fields environment by mechanical or Oil and gas industry Oil fields chemical techniques. Before Petroleum geology BT: Oil and gas fields 1982 search also SKIMMERS RT: Oil and OIL SKIMMERS Oil and gas fields Oil production UF: Oil barriers NT: Gas condensate fields Oil reservoirs Oil removers Gas fields Oil skimmers Marginal fields Oil films Skimmers (oil removal) Oil fields USE: Surface films RT: Adsorption RT: Oil and gas exploration Dispersants Oil and gas industry Oil gas separation Oil pollution Oil and gas production USE: Gas oil separation Oil slicks Petroleum Oil spills Oil in water content Solvents Oil and gas industry RT: Emulsions Water pollution treatment SN: Before 1982 search OIL Oil production INDUSTRY Oil-water interface Oil removers UF: Gas industry USE: Oil removal Oil industry Oil industry Petroleum industry USE: Oil and gas industry Oil reserves BT: Industries UF: Oil potential RT: Gas terminals Oil leaks RT: Energy resources Natural gas USE: Oil spills Oil production Oil Oil reservoirs Oil and gas exploration

188 ASFA THESAURUS

Oil reservoirs Oil tankers Olfaction UF: Reservoirs (oil) USE: Tanker ships BT: Sense functions RT: Cap rocks RT: Alarm substances Oil fields Oil tanks Chemoreception Oil reserves BT: Tanks Odour Petroleum geology RT: Underwater structures Olfactory organs

Oil rigs Oil terminals Olfactory organs USE: Drilling rigs USE: Tanker terminals BT: Sense organs RT: Chemical stimuli Oil sands Oil treating Chemoreceptors UF: Tar sands SN: Pertains to field operations Chemotaxis BT: Sandstone UF: Crude oil treating Olfaction RT: Asphalt Oil processing Bitumens RT: Gas flaring Olfactory stimuli Hydrocarbons Oil and gas production USE: Chemical stimuli Oil shale Separation processes Petroleum residues Oligocene Subsurface deposits Oil wastes BT: Palaeogene Tar BT: Wastes RT: Industrial wastes Oligotrophic lakes Oil seals Oil and gas industry BT: Lakes USE: Seals (stoppers) Oil pollution RT: Dystrophic lakes Oil slicks Eutrophic lakes Oil seepages Oil spills BT: Seepages Olistoliths RT: Oil pollution Oil water separation USE: Sedimentary structures UF: Water oil separation Oil shale BT: Separation Olistostromes BT: Shale RT: Adsorption RT: Debris flow RT: Hydrocarbons Water treatment Melanges Kerogen Sedimentary structures Oil sands Oil well blowouts Slump structures Petroleum residues USE: Blowouts Turbidity current structures Subsurface deposits Oil wells Olivine Oil skimmers UF: Wells (oil and gas) BT: Silicate minerals USE: Oil removal RT: Drilling Oil and gas production Omega Oil slicks Petroleum BT: Radio navigation SN: Layers of oily substances on Underwater exploitation RT: Navigational tables water surface. Before 1982 Well completion search also SLICKS Omnivores UF: Slicks (oil) Oil-gas interface BT: Heterotrophic organisms BT: Slicks UF: Gas-oil interface RT: Carnivores RT: Containment BT: Interfaces Detritus feeders Oil pollution RT: Gases Herbivores Oil removal Natural gas Trophic levels Oil spills Oil-water interface Oil wastes Petroleum One-atmosphere systems Surface films RT: Deep-sea diving Oil-ice interface Diving bells Oil spills USE: Ice-oil interface Diving suits SN: Spilling from tankers, Life support systems pipelines and drilling operations Oils (fish) UF: Leaks (oil) USE: Fish oils Onshore currents Oil leaks USE: Nearshore currents BT: Accidents Oil-water interface RT: Containment UF: Water-oil interface Ontogeny Dispersants BT: Interfaces BT: Biogeny Fire hazards RT: Oil in water content RT: Biological development Ice-oil interface Oil-gas interface Developmental stages Oil pollution Petroleum Embryology Oil removal Life cycle Oil slicks Oleic acid Morphogenesis Oil wastes BT: Organic acids Organogenesis Phylogeny

189 ASFA THESAURUS

Oocytes BT: Aquaculture systems Extinction coefficient BT: Eggs RT: Cooling systems Reflectance Thermal aquaculture Refractive index Oogenesis Scattering coefficient UF: Ovogenesis Operating costs Spectral composition BT: Gametogenesis USE: Operational costs Transmittance RT: Eggs Transparency Ovaries Operational costs Volume scattering function Ovulation UF: Manufacturing costs RT: Anisotropy Sexual cells Operating costs Emissivity Vitellogenesis BT: Costs Irradiance RT: Taxes Light Ooids Light effects RT: Concretions Operations research Light intensity Oolites NT: Critical path method Optics Game theory Polarization Oolites Mathematical programming Radiance RT: Concretions PERT Surface properties Limestone RT: Mathematical models Ooids Planning Optical water types Probability theory BT: Water types Oospores Simulation RT: Irradiance USE: Spores Statistical models Optical classification Stochastic processes Transmittance Ooze (calcareous) System analysis USE: Calcareous ooze Optics Ophiolite complexes BT: Physics Ooze (siliceous) USE: Ophiolites RT: Atmospheric optical phenomena USE: Siliceous ooze Fibre optics Ophiolites Lasers Oozes UF: Ophiolite complexes Light NT: Calcareous ooze BT: Ultramafic rocks Optical instruments Siliceous ooze Optical properties RT: Biogenic deposits Optical classification Photography Mud SN: Optical classification of water masses Visibility Sapropels BT: Classification Vision Sediments RT: Irradiance Shells Optical water types Orbital velocity Water masses UF: Particle velocity (waves) Opal Wave particle velocity UF: Opaline Optical filters BT: Velocity BT: Silicate minerals BT: Filters RT: Particle motion RT: Cameras Water waves Opaline Light absorption Wave drift velocity USE: Opal Light transmission Wave velocity Optical instruments Open access resources Ordovician USE: Common property resources Optical instruments SN: Before 1982 search RT: Light measuring instruments ORDOVICIAN SYSTEM Open channel flow Optical filters BT: Palaeozoic USE: Channel flow Optics Ore carriers Open mines Optical masers USE: Bulk carriers USE: Pits USE: Lasers Ores Open running water culture Optical microscopes BT: Mineral resources USE: Open systems USE: Microscopes RT: Mineral deposits Subsurface deposits Open sea aquaculture Optical microscopy USE: Marine aquaculture USE: Light microscopy Organ removal BT: Removal Open systems Optical properties NT: Castration SN: An aquaculture water system in BT: Physical properties Eyestalk extirpation which water continuously flows NT: Absorptance Hypophysectomy through the culture area and is Angular distribution RT: Body organs discharged after a single pass Attenuance Regeneration UF: Open running water culture Colour Transplants

190 ASFA THESAURUS

Organ transplants Organic constituents Organisations USE: Transplants SN: Any organic components of USE: Organizations biological material Organelles RT: Amino acids Organism aggregations USE: Cell organelles Biochemical analysis SN: A grouping or crowding of Biochemical composition separate organisms Organic acids Carbohydrates UF: Aggregations (organisms) UF: Carboxylic acids Fats RT: Aquatic communities BT: Acids Organic compounds Aquatic organisms Organic compounds Proteins NT: Acrylic acid Organism associations Amino acids Organic detritus USE: Ecological associations Arachidonic acid USE: Detritus Carbonic acid Organism dating Fatty acids Organic fertilizers USE: Age determination Fulvic acids SN: Substances of natural origin Glycolic acid used to fertilize soils or the Organism guiding Humic acids aquatic environment USE: Guiding devices Nicotinic acid BT: Fertilizers Nucleic acids NT: Composts Organism morphology Oleic acid Guano SN: Before 1982 search RT: Alginates Manure MORPHOLOGY (ORGANISMS) Carboxylic acid salts RT: Fish meal UF: External anatomy Inorganic acids Urea Morphology (biology) Lactate Morphology (organisms) Nucleotides Organic matter BT: Biology NT: Dissolved organic matter NT: Animal morphology Organic carbon Humus Cell morphology BT: Carbon Organic carbon Plant morphology Organic matter Organic sediments RT: Anatomy NT: Dissolved organic carbon Particulate organic matter Biopolymorphism Particulate organic carbon RT: Anoxic sediments Functional morphology Total organic carbon Kerogen Morphogenesis Phenotypes Organic compounds Organic nitrogen Sexual dimorphism UF: Compounds (organic) BT: Nitrogen Taxonomy BT: Chemical compounds NT: Dissolved organic nitrogen Tomography NT: Alcohols Particulate organic nitrogen Aldehydes RT: Nitrogen compounds Organisms (aquatic) Alkaloids USE: Aquatic organisms Amines Organic phosphorus Azines BT: Phosphorus Organizations Carbohydrates NT: Dissolved organic phosphorus UF: Associations Esters Particulate organic phosphorus Organisations Histamines Societies Hydrocarbons Organic production NT: Companies Ketones USE: Biological production Education establishments Lipids Financial institutions Nucleotides Organic sediments Fishery organizations Organic acids UF: Carbonaceous deposits Information centres Organometallic compounds BT: Biogenic deposits International organizations Proteins Organic matter Research institutions Purines NT: Peat Trade organizations Urea Sapropels Water authorities RT: Aromatics RT: Chemical sediments RT: Conferences Boron compounds Petroleum Institutional resources Carbon compounds Personnel Chelates Organic suspended matter Chlorine compounds USE: Suspended organic matter Organogenesis Fluorine compounds SN: The formation and Halogen compounds Organic wastes development of organs Nitrogen compounds UF: Animal wastes UF: Organogeny Organic constituents BT: Wastes RT: Body organs Organometallic complexes NT: Fish wastes Embryology Phosphorus compounds RT: Domestic wastes Morphogenesis Sewage Ontogeny Sludge Vitellogenesis

191 ASFA THESAURUS

Organogeny Ornamentation Osmium isotopes USE: Organogenesis BT: Isotopes Ornithine RT: Osmium Organoleptic properties BT: Amino acids BT: Properties Osmoregulation NT: Digestibility Ornithologists RT: Amphihaline species Odour BT: Zoologists Euryhalinity Taste RT: Ornithology Ion accumulation RT: Water properties Ion transport Ornithology Ions Organometallic complexes BT: Vertebrate zoology Osmosis RT: Ligands RT: Aquatic birds Osmotic adaptations Metals Ornithologists Osmotic pressure Organic compounds Salinity tolerance Orogenesis Organometallic compounds USE: Orogeny Osmosis BT: Organic compounds BT: Separation processes NT: Methyl mercury Orogeny NT: Reverse osmosis RT: Mercury compounds UF: Mountain building RT: Adsorption Orogenesis Dialysis Organs (animal) BT: Tectonics Diffusion USE: Animal organs RT: Active margins Mass transfer Epeirogeny Molecular diffusion Organs (body) Geosynclines Osmoregulation USE: Body organs Mountains Osmotic adaptations Plate tectonics Osmotic pressure Organs (plant) Rifting Permeability USE: Plant organs Osmotic adaptations Orthoclase BT: Adaptations Orientation BT: Feldspars RT: Amphihaline species SN: For biological purposes use Euryhalinity ORIENTATION BEHAVIOUR Orthogonals Osmoregulation NT: Core orientation RT: Caustics Osmosis Grain orientation Wave refraction diagrams Osmotic pressure RT: Animal navigation Anisotropy Orthophosphate Osmotic pressure Isotropy BT: Phosphates SN: Before 1982 search OSMOSIS Orientation behaviour UF: Pressure (osmotic) Polarization Oscillations BT: Pressure Vertical migrations NT: Forced oscillations RT: Osmoregulation Southern oscillation Osmosis Orientation (biological) Tidal oscillations Osmotic adaptations USE: Orientation behaviour RT: Motion Salinity power Perturbations Orientation behaviour Resonance Osteology UF: Animal orientation Temporal variations BT: Vertebrate zoology Orientation (biological) Vibration RT: Anatomy BT: Behaviour Bones NT: Kinesis Oscillatory currents Skeleton Taxis USE: Oscillatory flow RT: Antennae Osteonecrosis Migrations Oscillatory flow USE: Bone necrosis Orientation UF: Oscillatory currents Sense functions RT: Bed forms Ostreaculture Stimuli Fluid flow USE: Oyster culture Tropism Tidal currents Unidirectional flow OTEC Ormer fisheries UF: Ocean thermal energy conversion USE: Gastropod fisheries Oscillatory waves Thalassothermal power BT: Water waves BT: Thermal power Ornamental fish NT: Progressive waves RT: Artificial upwelling UF: Aquarium fish Standing waves OTEC plants BT: Fish OTEC plants RT: Aquaria Osmium BT: Power plants Aquarium culture BT: Heavy metals RT: Heat exchangers Tropical fish RT: Osmium isotopes OTEC Process plants

192 ASFA THESAURUS

Otolith reading Ovalbumin Overwash BT: Age determination USE: Albumins SN: That portion of the uprush that RT: Otoliths carries over the crest of a berm or Ovaries of a structure Otoliths BT: Gonads RT: Water waves RT: Bones RT: Fecundity Endoskeleton Oogenesis Overwintering Otolith reading Ovulation UF: Overwintering sites Skull Sterility RT: Migrations Migratory species Otter boards Overcapacity Overwintering techniques RT: Trawl nets SN: In simple terms too many Winter Trawling vessels, or the capability to harvest more than is sustainable Overwintering sites Otter trawlers in the long-run given a desired or USE: Overwintering USE: Trawlers optimal level of resources. BT: Fishing capacity Overwintering techniques Otter trawls (bottom) SN: Aquaculture technique to USE: Bottom trawls Overcrowding reduce winter effects on ponds SN: Condition in which numerical BT: Aquaculture techniques Otter trawls (midwater) densities of animals per unit area RT: Overwintering USE: Midwater trawls lead to disruptive and/or Winter damaging physiological and Winterkill Outcrops behavioural effects RT: Mineral deposits RT: Competition Oviparity Rocks Stocking density UF: Oviparous RT: Eggs Outdoor recreation Overexploitation Ovoviviparity USE: Recreation NT: Overfishing Sexual reproduction RT: Fishing capacity Viviparity Outer continental shelf Rare resources UF: OCS Oviparous BT: Continental shelves Overfishing USE: Oviparity SN: Fishing more intensely than a Outer mantle desirable level Oviposition USE: Upper mantle UF: Fishing overexploitation RT: Eggs BT: Commercial fishing Outfalls Overexploitation Ovogenesis SN: Before 1986 search also RT: Depleted stocks USE: Oogenesis SEWAGE OUTFALLS Fishing capacity UF: Ocean outfalls Fishing mortality Ovoviparous Sewage outfalls Species extinction USE: Ovoviviparity BT: Hydraulic structures Yield RT: Buoyant jets Ovoviviparity Effluents Overflow UF: Ovoviparous Sewage BT: Outflow RT: Eggs Water pollution RT: Boluses Oviparity Cascading Sexual reproduction Outflow SN: Component of water budget Overtopping Ovulation NT: Overflow UF: Wave overtopping RT: Eggs River outflow RT: Breakwaters Oogenesis RT: Inflow Water waves Ovaries Outflow waters Sexual maturity Water budget Overturn Sexual reproduction Water exchange UF: Convective overturn Overturning Ownership Outflow waters Turnover USE: Property rights BT: Water masses BT: Vertical water movement RT: Core layer method RT: Lake dynamics Oxbow lakes Outflow Mixing processes BT: Lakes Renewal RT: River meanders Outreach Water mixing Rivers USE: Extension activities Oxic conditions Overturning UF: Aerobic conditions Ova USE: Overturn RT: Anoxic conditions USE: Eggs Oxic sediments

193 ASFA THESAURUS

Oxic sediments Deoxygenation Oxygen isotope ratio UF: Aerobic sediments Oxygen compounds RT: Oxygen isotope stratigraphy BT: Sediments Oxygen consumption Oxygen isotopes RT: Anoxic sediments Oxygen demand Radiometric dating Oxic conditions Oxygen depletion Oxygen isotope stratigraphy Oxygen isotopes BT: Stratigraphy Oxidation Oxygen minimum layer RT: Oxygen isotope ratio BT: Chemical reactions Oxygen sections Oxygen isotopes RT: Antioxidants Oxygenation Biogeochemical cycle Ozone Oxygen isotopes Corrosion BT: Isotopes Cytochromes Oxygen compounds RT: Oxygen Detoxification BT: Chemical compounds Oxygen isotope dating Electrolysis NT: Oxides Oxygen isotope ratio Oxygen demand RT: Oxygen Oxygen isotope stratigraphy Oxygenation Water Redox potential Oxygen maximum layer Redox reactions Oxygen consumption BT: Core layers (water) SN: Consumption of oxygen by RT: Oxygen profiles Oxidation lagoons aquatic organisms, including USE: Sewage ponds consumption rate and measuring Oxygen minimum layer methods BT: Core layers (water) Oxidation-reduction potential RT: Aerobic respiration RT: Dissolved oxygen USE: Redox potential Anoxic conditions Oxygen Conversion factors Oxygen profiles Oxidation-reduction reactions Hypoxia Oxygen sections USE: Redox reactions Metabolism Oxygen Oxygen poisoning Oxide minerals Oxygen depletion USE: Hypoxia BT: Minerals Respirometers NT: Bauxite Oxygen profiles Birnessite Oxygen content SN: Vertical distribution of Boehmite USE: Dissolved oxygen dissolved oxygen in water bodies Brucite BT: Vertical profiles Cassiterite Oxygen demand RT: Dissolved oxygen Chromite UF: Total oxygen demand Oxygen maximum layer Cristobalite NT: Biochemical oxygen demand Oxygen minimum layer Gibbsite Chemical oxygen demand Oxygen sections Goethite RT: Biological production Haematite Deoxygenation Oxygen sections Ilmenite Metabolism BT: Hydrographic sections Magnetite Oxidation RT: Oxygen Pyrolusite Oxygen Oxygen minimum layer Rutile Oxygenation Oxygen profiles Todorokite Photosynthesis Vertical distribution Respiration Oxides Oxygenation BT: Oxygen compounds Oxygen depletion RT: Aeration NT: Iron oxides SN: Depletion of dissolved oxygen by Biochemical oxygen demand Manganese oxides biological oxidation reduction Deoxygenation Nitrous oxide process of organic matter or by mass Oxidation Sulphur oxides development of phytoplankton Oxygen BT: Depletion Oxygen demand Oxidoreductases NT: Anoxia Water treatment SN: Before 1982 search RT: Anoxic basins ENZYMES Anoxic conditions Oyster beds BT: Enzymes Anoxic sediments USE: Oyster reefs RT: Redox potential Degradation Redox reactions Deoxygenation Oyster culture Hypoxia UF: Ostreaculture Oxygen Oxygen BT: Mollusc culture BT: Atmospheric gases Oxygen consumption NT: Pearl culture Nonmetals Redox potential RT: Cultch NT: Dissolved oxygen Winterkill Oyster fisheries RT: Air Oxygen isotope dating Oyster reefs Anoxia BT: Radiometric dating Spat Anoxic sediments RT: Oxygen isotopes Tray culture

194 ASFA THESAURUS

Oyster fisheries Paints Palaeo studies BT: Mollusc fisheries BT: Coating materials RT: Eolian dust NT: Pearl fisheries RT: Antioxidants Geomorphology RT: Estuarine fisheries Chemical pollutants Palaeoclimate Oyster culture Primers Palaeontology Oyster reefs Stratigraphy Pair seines Oyster reefs USE: Boat seines Palaeocurrents UF: Oyster beds RT: Ice rafting BT: Reefs Pair trawlers Ocean currents RT: Oyster culture USE: Trawlers Provenance Oyster fisheries Pair trawling Palaeoecology Ozonation USE: Trawling BT: Ecology SN: The sterilization of culture Palaeo studies system water through the Pair trawls (bottom) RT: Fossils addition of ozone USE: Bottom trawls Land bridges BT: Sterilization Palaeoenvironments RT: Ozone Pair trawls (midwater) Palaeontology USE: Midwater trawls Stratigraphy Ozone BT: Atmospheric gases Palaemonid fisheries Palaeoenvironments RT: Earth atmosphere USE: Shrimp fisheries BT: Environments Oxygen RT: Palaeoceanography Ozonation Palaeo studies Palaeoclimate Ultraviolet radiation UF: Paleo studies Palaeoecology NT: Palaeoceanography Palaeontology Pack ice Palaeoclimatology Palaeosalinity UF: Ice floes Palaeoecology Palaeotemperature BT: Floating ice Palaeolimnology RT: Ice barriers Palaeontology Palaeogene Ice canopy Palaeotopography UF: Lower tertiary Ice drift BT: Tertiary Ice fields Palaeobathymetry NT: Eocene USE: Palaeotopography Oligocene Packages Palaeocene USE: Containers Palaeoceanography SN: Before 1986 search also Palaeogeography Packaging fishery products PALAEOOCEANOGRAPHY SN: The study of the ancient USE: Packing fishery products UF: Palaeooceanography geography of the Earth's surface. BT: Oceanography BT: Geography Packaging materials Palaeo studies USE: Packing materials RT: Fossil sea water Palaeolatitude Palaeoenvironments BT: Latitude Packing fishery products Palaeontology RT: Palaeomagnetism SN: Referring to methods, Palaeosalinity Polar wandering techniques and material for Palaeotemperature packing industrial fishery Palaeotopography Palaeolimnology products BT: Limnology UF: Packaging fishery products Palaeocene Palaeo studies RT: Fishery industry SN: Before 1982 search RT: Palaeontology Fishery products PALEOCENE EPOCH Packing materials BT: Palaeogene Palaeomagnetism Processed fishery products BT: Geophysics Palaeoclimate Magnetism Packing materials BT: Climate RT: Continental drift UF: Packaging materials RT: Climatic changes Geomagnetism BT: Materials Continental drift Magnetic anomalies RT: Packing fishery products Fossils Magnetic reversals Ice ages Magnetic susceptibility Paddy fields Ice cover Palaeolatitude USE: Rice fields Interglacial periods Plate tectonics Palaeoclimatology Polar wandering Paedomorphism Palaeoenvironments Pole positions USE: Neoteny Remanent magnetization Palaeoclimatology Seafloor spreading BT: Climatology

195 ASFA THESAURUS

Palaeontology Palatability Parasite control UF: Paleontology RT: Off flavour BT: Control BT: Palaeo studies Taste RT: Parasite resistance NT: Micropalaeontology Taste tests Parasites RT: Archaeology Parasitic diseases Biofacies Palatability tests Parasitism Botany USE: Taste tests Parasitology Fossils Pest control Geology Paleo studies Protozoan diseases Palaeoceanography USE: Palaeo studies Palaeoclimatology Parasite resistance Palaeoecology Paleontology UF: Resistance to parasites Palaeoenvironments USE: Palaeontology BT: Biological resistance Palaeolimnology RT: Parasite control Palaeosalinity Palladium Parasites Palynology BT: Heavy metals Parasitism Sedimentology RT: Palladium isotopes Stratigraphy Parasites Taxonomy Palladium isotopes UF: Parasitofauna Trace fossils BT: Isotopes NT: Ectoparasites Zoology RT: Palladium Endoparasites RT: Biological vectors Palaeooceanography Paludism Commensalism USE: Palaeoceanography USE: Malaria Hosts Noxious organisms Palaeosalinity Palygorskite Parasite attachment BT: Salinity BT: Clay minerals Parasite control RT: Messinian Parasite resistance Palaeoceanography Palynology Parasitic diseases Palaeoenvironments UF: Pollen analysis Parasitism Palaeontology RT: Botany Parasitology Fossil pollen Protozoan diseases Palaeoshorelines Fossil spores Symbiosis BT: Coastal landforms Geology RT: Palaeotopography Palaeontology Parasitic attachment Sea level changes Pollen USE: Parasite attachment Spores Palaeotemperature Taxonomy Parasitic castration BT: Water temperature SN: Failure of a host to reproduce due to RT: Climatic changes Pancreas partial or complete destruction of its Palaeoceanography BT: Digestive glands gonads caused by parasitic activities Palaeoenvironments RT: Insulin UF: Castration by parasites BT: Castration Palaeotopography Pandalid fisheries RT: Parasitic diseases UF: Palaeobathymetry USE: Shrimp fisheries BT: Bottom topography Parasitic diseases Palaeo studies Paralytic shellfish poisoning UF: Parasitic infestation RT: Palaeoceanography UF: Shellfish poisoning (paralytic) BT: Infectious diseases Palaeoshorelines BT: Human diseases NT: Schistosomiasis RT: Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning RT: Antihelminthic agents Palaeozoic Antiparasitic agents SN: Before 1982 search Parameterization Biological vectors PALEOZOIC ERA RT: Parameters Boil disease BT: Geological time Fish diseases NT: Cambrian Parameters Fungal diseases Carboniferous NT: Coriolis parameters Malaria Devonian Rossby parameter Parasite control Ordovician Wind wave parameters Parasites Permian RT: Parameterization Parasitic castration Silurian Properties Parasitism RT: Phanerozoic Parasite attachment Parasitology UF: Attachment (parasites) Plant diseases Palagonite Parasitic attachment Protozoan diseases BT: Volcanic rocks BT: Biological attachment Whirling disease RT: Basalt-seawater interaction NT: Lamprey attachment Glass RT: Parasites Parasitic infestation Pillow lava Parasitism USE: Parasitic diseases

196 ASFA THESAURUS

Parasitism Participation Particle size BT: Interspecific relationships USE: Participatory approach BT: Size NT: Ectoparasitism RT: Kurtosis Endoparasitism Participatory approach Particle scattering RT: Host preferences SN: A means to assist individuals Turbidity Hosts and communities to analyze their Parasite attachment situation, identify their priorities Particle velocity (waves) Parasite control and decide which actions to USE: Orbital velocity Parasite resistance undertake. As a result, they Parasites mobilize their resources and know- Particulate flux Parasitic diseases how to realize what they want and SN: Vertical flux of particulates in Parasitology to achieve their objectives. As water column Pathology opposed to top-down development. RT: Particle motion Prophylaxis UF: Participation Particle settling Protozoan diseases BT: User participation Sediment traps Settling rate Parasitofauna Particle concentration Suspended particulate matter USE: Parasites SN: Use only for suspended particulate matter Particulate matter Parasitology RT: Gravimetric techniques USE: Suspended particulate BT: Ecology Light scattering matter RT: Bacteriology Particle scattering Epidemiology Suspended particulate matter Particulate matter (air) Microbiology Turbidity USE: Atmospheric particulates Mycology Parasite control Particle counters Particulate organic carbon Parasites BT: Counters BT: Organic carbon Parasitic diseases RT: Suspended particulate matter Particulate organic matter Parasitism Protozoan diseases Particle distribution Particulate organic matter RT: Kurtosis BT: Organic matter Parasympathetic nervous system Particle scattering Particulates USE: Autonomic nervous system Turbidity NT: Particulate organic carbon Particle motion Particulate organic nitrogen Parathyroid UF: Grain motion Particulate organic phosphorus USE: Thyroid Sediment particle motion Suspended particle motion Particulate organic nitrogen Parent stocks Wave particle motion BT: Organic nitrogen USE: Brood stocks BT: Motion Particulate organic matter NT: Particle settling Parental behaviour RT: Orbital velocity Particulate organic phosphorus SN: Before 1982 search Particulate flux BT: Organic phosphorus REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOUR Resuspended sediments Particulate organic matter UF: Parental care Saltation BT: Behaviour Sediment dynamics Particulates RT: Reproductive behaviour Sediment movement NT: Atmospheric particulates Sediment transport Particulate organic matter Parental care Settling rate Suspended particulate matter USE: Parental behaviour Suspension Traction Particulates (aquatic) Parks Wave drift velocity USE: Suspended particulate SN: Before 2008 search MARINE matter PARKS Particle scattering USE: Protected areas SN: Scattering of light in water by Particulates (atmospheric) suspended particles USE: Atmospheric particulates Parrs BT: Light scattering USE: Juveniles RT: Particle concentration Parturition Particle distribution UF: Birth Parthenogenesis Particle size BT: Sexual reproduction BT: Reproduction Suspended particulate matter RT: Foetus RT: Clones Pregnancy Particle settling Partial tides BT: Particle motion Passenger ships USE: Tidal constituents RT: Particulate flux UF: Ferries Settling rate Liners (passengers) Partially-mixed estuaries Stokes law BT: Merchant ships BT: Estuaries Winnowing

197 ASFA THESAURUS

Passive margins Pearl culture Pelagic environment UF: Aseismic margins BT: Oyster culture UF: Pelagic regions Divergent margins RT: Pearl fisheries BT: Aquatic environment BT: Continental margins Pearl oysters NT: Neritic province RT: Plate divergence Pearls Oceanic province RT: Abyssal zone Passive sonar Pearl fisheries Bathyal zone BT: Sonar BT: Oyster fisheries Bathypelagic zone RT: Ambient noise RT: Fishing by diving Lenitic environment Sonobuoys Pearl culture Marine environment Pearl oysters Pelagic sedimentation Patchiness Pearls Pelagic fish Patents Pearl oysters SN: Fish that spend most of their SN: Patent of new equipment and RT: Pearl culture life swimming in the water apparatus Pearl fisheries column with little contact with or RT: Documents Pearls dependency on the bottom. BT: Fish Pathogen resistance Pearls RT: Pelagic fisheries USE: Disease resistance SN: Including their formation by natural or artificial biosynthetic Pelagic fisheries Pathogenic bacteria processes BT: Marine fisheries BT: Bacteria BT: Animal products RT: Finfish fisheries Pathogens RT: Biosynthesis Krill fisheries RT: Bacterial diseases Pearl culture Longlining Pearl fisheries Pelagic fish Pathogenic species Pearl oysters Trawlers USE: Pathogens Tuna fisheries Peat Pathogens SN: Remains of bog and fen Pelagic regions UF: Pathogenic species vegetation USE: Pelagic environment NT: Pathogenic bacteria BT: Organic sediments RT: Bacterins RT: Humus Pelagic sedimentation Disease control Sapropels BT: Sedimentation Diseases RT: Pelagic environment Disinfection Pebbles Pelagic sediments Microbial contamination BT: Clastics RT: Rudites Pelagic sediments Pathology Shingle UF: Pelagic deposits UF: Animal pathology BT: Sediments Fish pathology Pecking order RT: Carbonate sediments NT: Histopathology SN: Social hierarchy occurring in Chemical sediments RT: Diseases many animals that live together Pelagic clay Epidemics in groups Pelagic sedimentation Parasitism BT: Dominance hierarchies Radiolarite Physiology RT: Aggressive behaviour Siliceous sediments Therapy Toxicity Pecten fisheries Pellet feeds USE: Scallop fisheries UF: Pelleted foods Pattern recognition BT: Feed RT: Image enhancement Peduncle disease UF: Cold water diseases Pelleted foods PCB BT: Fish diseases USE: Pellet feeds SN: Before 1982 search also RT: Bacterial diseases POLYCHLORINATED Pen culture BIPHENYLS Pelage USE: Cage culture UF: Polychlorinated biphenyls USE: Hair BT: Aromatic hydrocarbons Penaeid shrimp fisheries RT: Chemical pollutants Pelagic clay USE: Shrimp fisheries Insecticides UF: Red clay Toxicants BT: Clays Penetration depth RT: Pelagic sediments RT: Penetrometers PCR Sediment properties USE: Polymerase chain reaction Pelagic deposits Soil mechanics USE: Pelagic sediments

198 ASFA THESAURUS

Penetrometers RT: Cyclic loading Permian BT: Measuring devices Long-term changes SN: Before 1982 search PERMIAN RT: Corers Periodicity SYSTEM Geological equipment BT: Palaeozoic Penetration depth Periodicity Seafloor sampling UF: Frequency (time) Permits Sediment sampling NT: Annual SN: Including statistics relating to Biennial fisheries licences and licence fees Peptide synthesis Daily BT: Licences USE: Protein synthesis Hourly RT: Quota regulations Monthly Season regulations Peptides Seasonality BT: Proteins Weekly Persistence NT: Polypeptides RT: Frequency NT: Pollutant persistence RT: Amino acids Periodic variations RT: Fate Permanence Peptization Peripheral nerves USE: Deflocculation USE: Nerves Personal bibliographies SN: Bibliographies of individual Peptones Peripheral nervous system workers SN: Before 1982 search PROTEINS UF: PNS BT: Bibliographies BT: Proteins BT: Nervous system NT: Nerves Personnel Percoid fisheries RT: Sense organs SN: Before 1982 search SN: Exclude carangid fisheries SCIENTIFIC PERSONNEL UF: Croaker fisheries Periphyton UF: Employees Grouper fisheries SN: Assemblage of organisms on Staff (personnel) Seabream fisheries submerged objects Workers Snapper fisheries BT: Aquatic communities NT: Consultants BT: Finfish fisheries RT: Epiphytes Contractors RT: Carangid fisheries Crew Coastal fisheries Peritoneum Experts Reef fisheries USE: Abdomen Scientific personnel RT: Careers Percolation Permafrost Human resources BT: Fluid flow UF: Submarine permafrost Labour RT: Ground water RT: Arctic zone Management Leaching Cryosphere Organizations Porosity Land ice Seepages PERT Voids Permanence UF: Programme evaluation RT: Fate Project evaluation Perforated structures Persistence BT: Operations research BT: Structures RT: Critical path method RT: Offshore structures Permanent plankton Management USE: Holoplankton Numerical analysis Performance assessment BT: Evaluation Permanent thermocline Perturbation method RT: Acceptability BT: Thermocline BT: Numerical analysis Certification RT: Upper ocean RT: Perturbations Efficiency Intercalibration Permeability Perturbations Intercomparison UF: Sediment permeability NT: Tidal perturbation Quality control BT: Physical properties RT: Oscillations Reliability RT: Capillarity Perturbation method Specifications Diffusion Steady state Testing Electrical resistivity Grain size Pest control Peridotite Leaching BT: Control BT: Ultramafic rocks Osmosis RT: Biological control RT: Kimberlites Porosity Chemical control Void ratio Disease control Periodic variations Voids Infestation BT: Temporal variations Parasite control NT: Annual variations Permeases Pesticides Diurnal variations USE: Enzymes Plant control Seasonal variations Repellents

199 ASFA THESAURUS

Pesticides Petroleum hydrocarbon residues Phanerozoic SN: Different chlorinated USE: Petroleum residues SN: Before 1982 search hydrocarbon products PHANEROZOIC EON UF: Biocides Petroleum hydrocarbons BT: Geological time NT: Algicides BT: Hydrocarbons RT: Cenozoic Antihelminthic agents NT: Asphalt Mesozoic Antiparasitic agents Bitumens Palaeozoic Bacteriocides Kerogen Fungicides Tar Pharmaceutical products Herbicides Volatile hydrocarbons USE: Drugs Ichthyocides RT: Petroleum Insecticides Pharmacodynamics Molluscicides Petroleum industry USE: Pharmacology RT: Chemical pollutants USE: Oil and gas industry Chlorinated hydrocarbons Pharmacology DDT Petroleum residues UF: Pharmacodynamics Disinfectants UF: Petroleum hydrocarbon RT: Biochemistry Hazardous materials residues Drugs Infestation BT: Petroleum Medicine Lethal limits RT: Asphalt Microbiology Pest control Bitumens Therapy Repellents Oil sands Toxicology Toxicants Oil shale Tar Phase changes Petrogenesis Tar balls UF: Changes of state SN: Formation of rocks Phase transformations RT: Petrology Petrology NT: Condensation Rocks UF: Petrography Fluidization Sedimentary petrography Freezing Petrography BT: Geology Melting USE: Petrology RT: Geochemistry Solidification Lithology Vaporization Petroleum Petrogenesis RT: Heat transfer UF: Mineral oils Rocks Thermodynamics BT: Fossil fuels Sediments Transition temperatures NT: Crude oil Gas condensates pH Phase transformations Petroleum residues UF: Hydrogen ion concentration USE: Phase changes RT: Hydrocarbon analysis BT: Chemical properties Liquefied petroleum gas RT: Acidification Phase velocity Natural gas Acidity BT: Velocity Oil Alkalinity RT: Group velocity Oil and gas fields Buffers Water waves Oil and gas industry Hydrogen Wave dispersion Oil wells pH effects Wave velocity Oil-gas interface pH sensors Oil-water interface Water properties Phenology Organic sediments RT: Behaviour Petroleum engineering pH effects Biological rhythms Petroleum geology BT: Environmental effects Breeding Petroleum hydrocarbons RT: Acidity Climate Waxes Alkalinity Climatology pH Ecology Petroleum engineering Migrations BT: Engineering pH sensors Photoperiodicity RT: Chemical engineering BT: Sensors Seasonal variations Offshore engineering RT: pH Temporal variations Petroleum Phagocytosis Phenols Petroleum geology BT: Defence mechanisms BT: Aromatics BT: Geology RT: Amoebocytes RT: Chemical pollutants RT: Mud volcanoes Cells Industrial wastes Oil and gas exploration Endoparasites Toxicants Oil reservoirs Endoparasitism Petroleum Macrophages Phenomena (biological) USE: Biological phenomena

200 ASFA THESAURUS

Phenotypes RT: Non-conservative properties Phosphorus cycle RT: Ecophene Nutrients (mineral) UF: Phosphate cycle Environmental effects Phosphate deposits BT: Nutrient cycles Genotypes Phosphate minerals RT: Phosphates Organism morphology Phosphate rocks Phosphorus Phenotypic variations Phosphatization Phosphorus compounds Typology Phosphoric acid Phosphorus cycle Phosphorus isotopes Phenotypic variations Salts BT: Isotopes UF: Variations (phenotypic) RT: Phosphorus RT: Environmental effects Phosphatic concretions Phenotypes USE: Phosphorite nodules Photic environment USE: Epipelagic zone Phenylalanine Phosphatization BT: Amino acids RT: Phosphates Photochemical reactions UF: Photoionization Pheromones Phospholipids Photoreduction BT: Hormones USE: Complex lipids BT: Chemical reactions NT: Photolysis Phillipsite Phosphorescence Photosynthesis BT: Zeolites UF: Phosphorescent wheels RT: Photochemistry BT: Luminescence Photochemistry Phonoreceptors RT: Biological properties BT: Chemistry USE: Auditory organs Bioluminescence RT: Photochemical reactions Chemiluminescence Photolysis Phosphatase Fluorescence Photosynthesis BT: Enzymes Phosphorescent wheels Photogenic organs Phosphate cycle USE: Phosphorescence USE: Photophores USE: Phosphorus cycle Phosphoric acid Photogrammetry Phosphate deposits SN: Before 1982 search also UF: Photographic measurement SN: Use only for deposits of INORGANIC ACIDS BT: Measurement economic value BT: Inorganic acids RT: Cartography BT: Chemical sediments RT: Phosphates Current measurement Subsurface deposits Photography RT: Authigenic minerals Phosphorite Surveying underwater Guano RT: Authigenic minerals Wave measurement Phosphate rocks Phosphate rocks Phosphates Phosphorite nodules Photographic equipment Phosphorite nodules BT: Equipment Phosphorite concretions NT: Cameras Phosphate minerals USE: Phosphorite nodules RT: Photographs BT: Minerals Photography NT: Apatite Phosphorite nodules Remote sensing equipment Francolite UF: Phosphatic concretions Surveying equipment Monazite Phosphorite concretions RT: Phosphate rocks BT: Nodules Photographic measurement Phosphates Seabed deposits USE: Photogrammetry Phosphorite nodules RT: Phosphate deposits Phosphate minerals Photographic techniques Phosphate rocks Phosphorite USE: Photography BT: Rocks RT: Phosphate deposits Phosphorus Photographs Phosphate minerals BT: Nonmetals BT: Audiovisual materials Phosphates NT: Organic phosphorus NT: Aerial photographs Phosphorite RT: Phosphorus compounds Underwater photographs Sedimentary rocks Phosphorus cycle RT: Photographic equipment Phosphorus isotopes Photography Phosphates BT: Phosphorus compounds Phosphorus compounds Photography NT: ADP BT: Chemical compounds UF: Photographic techniques AMP NT: Phosphates BT: Imagery ATP RT: Chemical fertilizers NT: Aerial photography Calcium phosphates Organic compounds Microphotography Iron phosphates Phosphorus Stereophotography Orthophosphate Phosphorus cycle Underwater photography

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RT: Cameras Photophores Photosystem II Films UF: Luminescent organs RT: Photosynthesis Holography Luminous organs Photosystem I Optics Photogenic organs Photogrammetry BT: Animal organs Phototaxis Photographic equipment RT: Bioluminescence BT: Taxis Photographs Light organs RT: Light Radiography Luminous organisms Light effects Light penetration Photoionization Photopolymerization Light stimuli USE: Photochemical reactions USE: Polymerization Nyctimeral rhythms Phototropism Photolysis Photoreception Solar radiation BT: Photochemical reactions BT: Sense functions Vertical migrations RT: Photochemistry RT: Light stimuli Vision Phototropism Photometers UF: Thermophototropism UF: Hydrophotometers Photoreceptors BT: Tropism BT: Light measuring instruments BT: Sense organs RT: Circadian rhythms NT: Spectrophotometers NT: Eyes Light RT: Nephelometers RT: Light Light effects Photometry Vision Light penetration Radiometers Light stimuli Photoreduction Nyctimeral rhythms Photometry USE: Photochemical reactions Phototaxis BT: Light measurement Solar radiation RT: Colorimetric techniques Photosynthesis Vertical migrations Light intensity BT: Photochemical reactions Photometers NT: Carbon fixation Phreatic water Quanta meters RT: Biogeochemical cycle USE: Ground water Spectroscopic techniques Biosynthesis Carbon dioxide Phthalate esters Photoperiod effects Carotenoids UF: Phthalic acid esters USE: Light effects Chemical reactions BT: Esters Chemosynthesis RT: Chemical pollutants Photoperiodicity Compensation depth UF: Photoperiodism Leaves Phthalic acid esters RT: Biological rhythms Light stimuli USE: Phthalate esters Breeding Oxygen demand Diapause Photochemistry Phycologists Diurnal variations Photosynthetic pigments USE: Algologists Ecology Photosystem I Light Photosystem II Phycology Light effects Phytobenthos USE: Algology Light stimuli Phytoplankton Migrations Plant metabolism Phyllosomae Phenology Plant nutrition BT: Crustacean larvae Photoperiods Plant physiology Primary production Phylogenetics Photoperiodism Solar radiation SN: The study of evolutionary USE: Photoperiodicity Transpiration relationships Xanthophylls RT: Biological speciation Photoperiods Evolution SN: Before 1982 search Photosynthetic pigments Phylogeny PHOTOPERIODICITY BT: Pigments Taxonomy UF: Day length NT: Chlorophylls Light duration Xanthophylls Phylogeny RT: Circadian rhythms RT: Carotenoids BT: Biogeny Diurnal variations Chloroplasts RT: Biological speciation Ecophysiology Photosynthesis Bioselection Light effects Ontogeny Photoperiodicity Photosynthetic zone Phylogenetics USE: Euphotic zone Taxonomy Photophelein USE: Luciferin Photosystem I RT: Photosynthesis Photosystem II

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Physical limnology Physics Phytobenthos SN: Before 1982 search NT: Acoustics UF: Benthic algae LIMNOLOGY (PHYSICAL) Atmospheric physics Benthic flora UF: Limnology (physical) Biophysics BT: Benthos BT: Limnology Mechanics RT: Algology RT: Hydrodynamics Nuclear physics Aquatic plants Lake dynamics Optics Photosynthesis Physical oceanography Thermodynamics Primary production Physics RT: Physical limnology Thermal stratification Physical oceanography Phytogeography Water analysis USE: Biogeography Water circulation Physiochemistry Water currents USE: Biochemistry Phytohormones Water properties SN: Before 1982 search Water temperature Physiographic features HORMONES Water waves USE: Topographic features UF: Cytokinins Physical models Gibberellins USE: Scale models Physiographic provinces Plant hormones RT: Bottom topography BT: Hormones Physical oceanography Landforms RT: Aquatic plants UF: Marine physics Topographic features Auxins BT: Oceanography Plant physiology NT: Hydrography Physiography RT: Hydrodynamics USE: Geomorphology Phytology Physical limnology USE: Botany Physics Physiological adaptations Thermal stratification USE: Acclimatization Phytophagous fishes Water analysis USE: Herbivorous fish Water circulation Physiological calcification Water currents USE: Calcification Phytoplankton Water properties UF: Planktonic algae Water temperature Physiological ecology BT: Plankton Water waves USE: Ecophysiology RT: Algal blooms Algology Physical properties Physiology Aquatic plants BT: Properties BT: Biology Botany NT: Acoustic properties NT: Animal physiology Food organisms Anisotropy Diving physiology Photosynthesis Buoyancy Ecophysiology Phytoplankton culture Density Electrophysiology Primary production Electrical properties Endocrinology Red tides Geothermal properties Human physiology Magnetic properties Neurophysiology Phytoplankton culture Mass Plant physiology UF: Diatom culture Mechanical properties RT: Anatomy Single cell culture Optical properties Biochemistry BT: Algal culture Permeability Biophysics RT: Cell culture Porosity Cryobiology Continuous culture Pressure Digestion Cultured organisms Specific gravity Hormones Mass culture Thermodynamic properties Metabolism Phytoplankton Turbidity Nutrition Plant culture Water hardness Pathology Weight Synergism Phytosociology RT: Chemical properties UF: Plant sociology Physicochemical properties Physiology (animal) BT: Ecology Sediment properties USE: Animal physiology RT: Aquatic plants Surface properties Biogeography Water properties Physiology (aquatic mammals) Botany Wave properties USE: Mammalian physiology Picoplankton Physicochemical properties Physiology (fish) BT: Plankton BT: Properties USE: Fish physiology RT: Biological properties Piers Chemical properties Physiology (plants) BT: Coastal structures Physical properties USE: Plant physiology Water properties

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Piezoelectric transducers Pineal gland NT: Flowlines BT: Transducers USE: Pineal organ Gathering lines RT: Acoustic transducers RT: Gas terminals Hydrophones Pineal organ Pipe buckling UF: Pineal gland Pipe laying Pig-fish culture BT: Brain Pipeline construction USE: Agropisciculture RT: Neurosecretion Pipeline crossing Neurosecretory system Pipeline protection Pigging Pump stations RT: Cleaning Pingers Trenches (pipelines) Pipeline pigs UF: Acoustic pingers BT: Sound generators Pipes Pigments RT: Electroacoustic devices SN: Before 1986 search also PIPE BT: Glycosides Swallow floats UF: Line pipe NT: Chromatic pigments NT: Riser pipes Photosynthetic pigments Pipe buckling RT: Hoses Respiratory pigments UF: Buckling (pipe) Pipe buckling Visual pigments RT: Deformation Pipe laying RT: Discolouration Pipelines Tubing Dyes Pipes Porphyrins Piscicides Pipe laying USE: Ichthyocides Pigs (pipeline) SN: Pipeline construction from barges USE: Pipeline pigs BT: Pipeline construction Pisciculture RT: Pipelines USE: Fish culture Pilchard fisheries Pipes USE: Clupeoid fisheries Piscine erythrocyte necrosis Pipe stringers USE: Necroses Pile driving UF: Stringers RT: Bearing capacity RT: Pipelaying barges Piston corers Piles SN: Before 1986 use also PISTON Pipelaying barges SAMPLERS Piled platforms BT: Barges UF: Piston samplers UF: Jackets RT: Pipe stringers BT: Corers BT: Fixed platforms RT: Guyed towers Pipeline construction Piston samplers BT: Construction USE: Piston corers Piles NT: Bottom tow SN: Before 1986 search also PILES Pipe laying Pitch (mineral) (FOUNDATIONS) and PILING RT: Anchoring USE: Bitumens UF: Piles (foundations) Burying Piling Connecting Pitch response BT: Foundations Pipeline crossing BT: Dynamic response RT: Pile driving Pipelines RT: Buoy motion effects Trenching Pitching Piles (foundations) Welding USE: Piles Pitching Pipeline crossing BT: Ship motion Piling RT: Pipeline construction RT: Buoy motion effects USE: Piles Pipelines Pitch response

Pillow lava Pipeline pigs Pits BT: Lava UF: Pigs (pipeline) UF: Gravel pits RT: Palagonite RT: Pigging Open mines Pillow structures Quarries Pipeline protection Sand pits Pillow structures BT: Erosion control RT: Strip mine lakes BT: Sedimentary structures RT: Burying RT: Pillow lava Pipelines Pitting Scour protection USE: Corrosion Pilot charts USE: Navigational charts Pipeline pumping stations Pituitary gland USE: Pump stations UF: Hypophysis Pilot-scale culture BT: Endocrine glands USE: Experimental culture Pipelines RT: Hypophysectomy UF: Submarine pipelines BT: Underwater structures

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Placenta Jet stream Plankton collecting devices RT: Foetus Rossby parameter Planktonology Pregnancy Water motion Water waves Planktonic algae Placer deposits USE: Phytoplankton USE: Placers Planetary winds UF: Zonal wind systems Planktonology Placer mining BT: Winds UF: Plankton studies BT: Mining NT: Monsoons BT: Ecology RT: Mineral deposits Trade winds RT: Marine sciences Mineral exploration Westerlies Plankton Placers Plankton surveys Planktivores Placers USE: Plankton feeders Planning UF: Placer deposits UF: Programming BT: Seabed deposits Plankton NT: Community planning NT: Diamonds BT: Aquatic communities Long-term planning RT: Arenites NT: Cryoplankton National planning Barite Nannoplankton Regional planning Cassiterite Phytoplankton Short-term planning Chromite Picoplankton RT: Management Garnet Zooplankton Methodology Gold RT: Luminous organisms Operations research Ilmenite Plankton collecting devices Procedures Magnetite Plankton equivalents Programmes Monazite Plankton feeders Placer mining Plankton surveys Planning (national) Platinum Planktonology USE: National planning Rutile Seston Zircon Plant (equipment) Plankton blooms USE: Equipment Plagioclase USE: Algal blooms BT: Feldspars Plant control Plankton collecting devices SN: Chemical, biological and Plaice fisheries UF: Plankton nets mechanical control of aquatic USE: Flatfish fisheries BT: Collecting devices weeds and injurious algae RT: Fishing nets UF: Aquatic weed control Plains Neuston Vegetation control BT: Landforms Plankton Weed cutting RT: Abyssal plains Plankton surveys BT: Control Flood plains RT: Biological control Plankton entrainment Chemical control Planation surfaces USE: Entrainment Herbicides USE: Erosion surfaces Herbivorous fish Plankton equivalents Pest control Planetary atmospheres BT: Population factors Plant diseases UF: Atmosphere (planetary) RT: Biological production Plant utilization NT: Earth atmosphere Biomass Vegetation cover RT: Atmosphere evolution Plankton Weeds

Planetary boundary layer Plankton feeders Plant culture USE: Atmospheric boundary UF: Planktivores SN: Applies only to culture of layer BT: Heterotrophic organisms aquatic macrophytes RT: Carnivores UF: Aquatic plant culture Planetary vorticity Filter feeders BT: Cultures BT: Vorticity Plankton NT: Seaweed culture RT: Coriolis parameters RT: Agropisciculture Westward intensification Plankton nets Aquatic plants USE: Plankton collecting devices Botany Planetary waves Phytoplankton culture UF: Quasi-geostrophic waves Plankton studies Rossby waves USE: Planktonology Plant diseases Topographic planetary waves BT: Diseases Waves (planetary) Plankton surveys RT: Parasitic diseases RT: Atmospheric motion BT: Biological surveys Plant control Equatorial dynamics NT: Ichthyoplankton surveys Plant physiology Fluid motion RT: Plankton

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Plant fossils Plant populations Elasticity USE: Vegetal fossils UF: Populations (plants) Plastic flow BT: Natural populations Plant growth Plastics BT: Growth Plant reproductive structures UF: Plastic materials RT: Growth rings UF: Reproductive structures (plant) BT: Materials Vegetation cover BT: Plant organs NT: Acrylics NT: Turions Glass-reinforced plastics Plant hormones RT: Asexual reproduction RT: Plastic coatings USE: Phytohormones Pollen Plastic debris Pollination Synthetic fibres Plant metabolism Rhizomes SN: Before 1982 search Vegetative reproduction Plastids METABOLISM RT: Cytoplasm BT: Metabolism Plant resources RT: Photosynthesis USE: Botanical resources Plate boundaries Plant physiology NT: Converging plate boundaries Plant sociology Diverging plate boundaries Plant morphology USE: Phytosociology Transform plate boundaries SN: Before 1982 search RT: Active margins MORPHOLOGY Plant utilization Boundaries (ORGANISMS) UF: Aquatic plant utilization Plate margins UF: Morphology (plant) Aquatic weed utilization Plate tectonics BT: Organism morphology Water weed utilization Plates RT: Plant organs BT: Utilization Submarine volcanoes Plant physiology RT: Aquatic plants Triple junctions Plant control Volcanism Plant nutrition Shading BT: Nutrition Plate convergence RT: Autotrophy Plants BT: Convergence Photosynthesis USE: Flora RT: Active margins Plant physiology Converging plate boundaries Plants (aquatic) Island arcs Plant organs USE: Aquatic plants Oceanic trenches UF: Organs (plant) Plate divergence BT: Body organs Plasma (blood) Plate motion NT: Holdfasts USE: Blood Plate tectonics Leaves Subduction zones Plant reproductive structures Plasma membranes Rhizomes USE: Cell membranes Plate divergence Roots BT: Divergence Shoots Plasmalemma RT: Crustal accretion Stems USE: Cell membranes Diverging plate boundaries Thallus Mantle plumes RT: Buds Plasmids Median valleys Plant morphology Mid-ocean ridges Plant physiology Plastic coatings Passive margins Tissues BT: Coating materials Plate convergence RT: Epoxy resins Plate motion Plant physiology Plastics Rift zones SN: Before 1982 search Rifting PHYSIOLOGY Plastic debris Spreading centres UF: Physiology (plants) BT: Solid impurities BT: Physiology RT: Litter Plate margins RT: Aestivation Plastics UF: Margins (plate) Algology RT: Active margins Auxins Plastic flow Plate boundaries Botany RT: Deformation Plates Photosynthesis Plasticity Phytohormones Rheology Plate motion Plant diseases RT: Plate convergence Plant metabolism Plastic materials Plate divergence Plant morphology USE: Plastics Plate tectonics Plant nutrition Plates Plant organs Plasticity Rotation Stomata RT: Compressibility Deformation

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Plate tectonics Lake deposits Plumes (aquatic) UF: Global tectonics Salt deposits USE: Plumes BT: Tectonics Salt lakes RT: Asthenosphere Plumulae Benioff zone Pleistocene USE: Feathers Continental drift SN: Before 1982 search Plutonium Crustal adjustment PLEISTOCENE EPOCH BT: Actinides Fracture zones UF: Glacial epoch Transuranic elements Hot spots BT: Quaternary RT: Plutonium isotopes Lithosphere RT: Ice ages Radioactivity Mantle convection Interglacial periods Mantle plumes Plio-pleistocene boundary Plutonium isotopes Moho BT: Isotopes Obduction Pleuston RT: Plutonium Orogeny SN: Freefloating plants Palaeomagnetism BT: Aquatic communities Plutons Plate boundaries RT: Aquatic plants BT: Igneous rocks Plate convergence Weeds RT: Batholiths Plate motion Igneous intrusions Plates Pliocene Polar wandering SN: Before 1982 search PNS Rotation PLIOCENE EPOCH USE: Peripheral nervous system Seafloor spreading BT: Neogene Spreading centres RT: Plio-pleistocene boundary Pock marks Subduction BT: Bed forms Subduction zones Plio-pleistocene boundary RT: Gas turbation Transform faults RT: Pleistocene Microtopography Pliocene Plateaux Poikilothermic animals BT: Landforms Plotting USE: Poikilothermy NT: Submarine plateaux RT: Geographical coordinates Mapping Poikilothermy Plates UF: Cold blooded animals UF: Lithospheric plates Ploughing trenches Poikilothermic animals Tectonic plates USE: Trenching BT: Biological properties BT: Earth structure RT: Body temperature RT: Lithosphere Ploughmarks Homoiothermy Obduction UF: Iceberg scour marks Thermoregulation Plate boundaries BT: Bed forms Plate margins RT: Glacial erosion Poincare waves Plate motion Glacial features USE: Tidal waves Plate tectonics Iceberg scouring Subduction Poiseuille flow Subduction zones Ploughs USE: Laminar flow Triple junctions UF: Plows RT: Trenching Poison fishing Platforms (geology) USE: Fish poisoning RT: Cratons Plows USE: Ploughs Poison tolerance Platforms (instrument) USE: Toxicity tolerance USE: Instrument platforms Plumbline deflection BT: Deflection Poisoning Platforms (offshore) RT: Geodesy USE: Fish poisoning USE: Offshore structures Gravity Poisonous fish Platforms (work) Plumes BT: Fish USE: Work platforms SN: Before 1982 search PLUMES Poisonous organisms (AQUATIC). Use of a more RT: Ciguatera Platinum specific term is recommended Ciguatoxin BT: Heavy metals UF: Plumes (aquatic) Venom apparatus Transition elements BT: Fluid flow RT: Placers NT: Chemical plumes Poisonous organisms Mantle plumes BT: Noxious organisms Playas River plumes NT: Poisonous fish SN: Use for continental or inland sabkhas Thermal plumes RT: Allergic reactions BT: Sabkhas RT: Buoyant jets Biological poisons RT: Arid environments Turbulent entrainment Red tides

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Poisons (biological) RT: Polar meteorology Pole tides USE: Biological poisons Polar waters BT: Tides Polar zones RT: Chandler wobble Poisson's equation Long-period tides BT: Equations Polar wandering Tidal constituents RT: Harmonic functions UF: Polar migration Laplace equation Polar motion Pole-line fishing RT: Continental drift BT: Line fishing Poisson's ratio Earth rotation RT: Angling BT: Ratios Palaeolatitude RT: Compressive strength Palaeomagnetism Poleward heat flux Elastic constants Plate tectonics USE: Heat transport Elasticity Pole positions Flexibility Rotation Policies Strain SN: Use of a more specific term is Tensile strength Polar waters recommended UF: Antarctic waters UF: Government policy Polar air masses Arctic waters Policy (government) BT: Air masses RT: Polar oceanography NT: Fishery policy RT: Antarctic front Polar zones International policy Polar meteorology Navigation policy Polar zones Ocean policy Polar convergences UF: Polar environment Water policy BT: Oceanic convergences BT: Climatic zones RT: Governments NT: Antarctic convergence NT: Antarctic zone Legislation Arctic zone Political aspects Polar environment RT: Polar exploration USE: Polar zones Polar meteorology Policy (government) Polar oceanography USE: Policies Polar exploration Polar waters BT: Exploration Policy (international) RT: Geographical exploration Polarisation USE: International policy Navigation in ice USE: Polarization Navigation under ice Political aspects Polar zones Polarization UF: Political constraints UF: Polarisation RT: Governments Polar front jet stream Polarizing Legal aspects USE: Jet stream RT: Electrolysis Policies Electromagnetic radiation Polar fronts Light scattering Political constraints SN: Use only for semi-permanent Optical properties USE: Political aspects front separating air masses of Orientation tropical and polar origin Radiative transfer Pollack fisheries UF: Atmospheric polar fronts USE: Gadoid fisheries BT: Atmospheric convergences Polarizing Fronts USE: Polarization Pollen NT: Antarctic front RT: Atmospheric particulates RT: Cyclones Polarography Fossil pollen BT: Analytical techniques Palynology Polar meteorology RT: Electroanalysis Plant reproductive structures BT: Meteorology Electrolysis Pollination RT: Antarctic front Redox reactions Polar air masses Voltammetry Pollen analysis Polar oceanography USE: Palynology Polar zones Polders RT: Embankments Pollination Polar migration Land reclamation UF: Cross pollination USE: Polar wandering Sea level Self pollination RT: Plant reproductive structures Polar motion Pole culture Pollen USE: Polar wandering USE: Off-bottom culture Sexual reproduction

Polar navigation Pole positions Pollutant detection USE: Navigation in ice RT: Geomagnetic field USE: Pollution detection Magnetic reversals Polar oceanography Palaeomagnetism BT: Oceanography Polar wandering

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Pollutant identification Pollution control Pollution monitoring BT: Identification SN: Control of pollution in aquatic Pollution surveys RT: Pollutants environment only Pollution tolerance Toxicity tests UF: Pollution abatement Sublethal effects Water analysis Pollution prevention Toxicity Water pollution control Pollutant persistence BT: Control Pollution indicators BT: Persistence NT: Containment BT: Indicators RT: Pollutants RT: Environmental protection RT: Pollution monitoring Pollution data Pollution Pollution effects Pollution convention Pollution legislation Pollution legislation UF: Pollution control legislation Pollutants Water pollution treatment Pollution regulations SN: Harmful substances of chemical, Water quality control BT: Environmental legislation physical or biological origin RT: Pollution UF: Polluting substances Pollution control legislation Pollution control NT: Biological pollutants USE: Pollution legislation Pollution convention Chemical pollutants Pollution detection Radioactive pollutants Pollution convention Pollution monitoring Solid impurities UF: Pollution treaties RT: Body burden BT: International agreements Pollution maps Flushing time RT: Ocean dumping SN: Before 1982 search POLLUTION Lethal limits Pollution CHARTS. Distributional charts of Mortality causes Pollution control pollutants or polluted areas in Pollutant identification Pollution legislation aquatic environment Pollutant persistence Pollution monitoring UF: Pollution charts Pollution BT: Maps Toxicology Pollution data RT: Pollution Wastes BT: Data Pollution monitoring RT: Pollutant persistence Pollution surveys Polluting substances Pollution USE: Pollutants Pollution dispersion Pollution measurements Pollution monitoring USE: Pollution monitoring Pollution Pollution surveys SN: Use of a more specific term is Pollution monitoring recommended Pollution detection UF: Pollution measurements UF: Contamination UF: Pollutant detection Pollution surveillance Environmental contamination BT: Detection BT: Environmental monitoring Environmental pollution RT: Chemical analysis RT: Pollution NT: Agricultural pollution Pollution Pollution convention Air pollution Pollution legislation Pollution data Chemical pollution Pollution surveys Pollution dispersion Microbial contamination Sediment analysis Pollution effects Oil pollution Water analysis Pollution indicators Radioactive contamination Pollution legislation Sediment pollution Pollution dispersion Pollution maps Thermal pollution RT: Pollution data Pollution surveys Water pollution Pollution monitoring RT: Ecological crisis Pollution surveys Pollution prevention Pollutants USE: Pollution control Pollution control Pollution effects Pollution convention SN: Pollution effects on aquatic Pollution regulations Pollution data environment, organisms, USE: Pollution legislation Pollution detection fisheries and human health Pollution effects UF: Water pollution effects Pollution self-control Pollution legislation RT: Anoxic conditions USE: Self purification Pollution maps Anthropogenic factors Pollution monitoring Bioaccumulation Pollution surveillance Pollution surveys Carcinogenesis USE: Pollution monitoring Pollution tolerance Environmental degradation Seepages Environmental impact Pollution surveys Eutrophication SN: Surveys of polluted areas of Pollution abatement Lethal effects aquatic environment USE: Pollution control Man-induced effects BT: Environmental surveys Mortality causes RT: Pollution Pollution charts Pollutant persistence Pollution data USE: Pollution maps Pollution Pollution detection

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Pollution dispersion Polymers Pond culture Pollution effects RT: Chemical compounds UF: Fish pond culture Pollution maps Polymerization Static water culture Pollution monitoring BT: Aquaculture techniques Polymetallic nodules RT: Agropisciculture Pollution tolerance USE: Ferromanganese nodules Crab culture BT: Tolerance Crayfish culture RT: Bioaccumulation Polymetallic sulphide deposits Crustacean culture Pollution USE: Sulphide deposits Extensive culture Pollution effects Fish culture Sublethal effects Polymorphism (biological) Fish ponds USE: Biopolymorphism Frog culture Pollution treaties Polyculture USE: Pollution convention Polynyas Prawn culture UF: Ice clearings Shrimp culture Polonium RT: Floating ice Thermal aquaculture BT: Nonmetals Ice canopy Valliculture RT: Polonium isotopes Leads Pond weeds Polonium isotopes Polypeptides USE: Freshwater weeds BT: Isotopes BT: Peptides RT: Polonium Ponderal index Polyploids USE: Condition factor Polychlorinated biphenyls RT: Chromosomes USE: PCB Genetics Ponds UF: Pools Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins Polyps BT: Inland waters USE: Dioxins SN: Cylindrical sedentary body NT: Cooling ponds form in Hydrozoa and Anthozoa Fish ponds Polychlorinated dibenzofurans RT: Budding Sewage ponds USE: Furans Buds Temporary ponds Coral reefs RT: Dams Polychloropinene Tentacles Lenitic environment USE: Ichthyocides Limnology Polysaccharides Pond construction Polyculture BT: Saccharides Water reservoirs UF: Composite cultures NT: Agarose Water resources Mixed species culture Alginic acid BT: Aquaculture techniques Cellulose Pontoons RT: Crab culture Mucopolysaccharides BT: Floating structures Fish culture Starch RT: Barges Frog culture RT: Agar Bridges Intensive culture Polyspermy Monoculture RT: Biological fertilization Pools Pond culture Sexual cells USE: Ponds Prawn culture Sexual reproduction Shrimp culture Sperm Popeye USE: Exophthalmia Polycyclic hydrocarbons Polyunsaturated fatty acids USE: Aromatic hydrocarbons BT: Fatty acids Population abundance (in number) NT: Linoleic acid USE: Population number Polyhalite RT: Polyunsaturated hydrocarbons BT: Sulphate minerals Population abundance (in weight) RT: Gypsum Polyunsaturated hydrocarbons USE: Biomass BT: Unsaturated hydrocarbons Polymerase chain reaction NT: Squalene Population characteristics UF: PCR Terpenes UF: Population estimates RT: Polyunsaturated fatty acids Population parameters Polymerization NT: Biomass UF: Copolymerization Pond construction Population density Photopolymerization SN: Referring to design and Population number BT: Chemical reactions hydrotechnical characteristics of Population structure RT: Depolymerization pond construction mainly for RT: Natural populations DNA aquaculture Population dynamics Polymers RT: Dams Population factors RNA Hydraulic engineering Population functions Ponds Stock assessment

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Population control Genetic drift Pore pressure SN: Inhibitive action on populations Isolating mechanisms UF: Pore water pressure by biological (introduction, Natural populations BT: Pressure exclusion or removal of organisms), Stock identification RT: Fluidized sediment flow chemical or physical means Subpopulations Hydrostatic pressure BT: Control Sympatric populations Pore water RT: Biotic pressure Unit stocks Sediment properties Natural populations Shear strength Population number Water content Population density UF: Population abundance (in number) Wave-induced loading UF: Density (population) Population size (in number) Density dependent factor Standing crop (in number) Pore water Stock density Standing stock (in number) SN: Before 1983 search also BT: Population characteristics BT: Population characteristics INTERSTITIAL WATER RT: Biomass RT: Abundance UF: Interstitial water Biotic pressure Biomass Pore water content Density dependence Population density BT: Water Population number Quantitative distribution RT: Dewatering Quantitative distribution Resource availability Fluidized sediment flow Resource availability Stock assessment Hydrothermal solutions Stocking density Yield Interstitial environment Pore pressure Population dynamics Population parameters Pore water samplers SN: Studies of changes that take place USE: Population characteristics Water content during the life span of a population UF: Population studies Population pressure Pore water content RT: Growth curves USE: Biotic pressure USE: Pore water Natural populations Population characteristics Population size (in number) Pore water pressure Population factors USE: Population number USE: Pore pressure Population functions Pore water samplers Population structure Population size (in weight) BT: Sediment samplers USE: Biomass RT: Pore water Population estimates Water samplers USE: Population characteristics Population structure SN: Composition by size, sex and age Porosity Population factors groups of a breeding population BT: Physical properties NT: Condition factor (exploited or unexploited) RT: Capillarity Fish conversion factors BT: Population characteristics Compaction Length-weight relationships NT: Age composition Compressibility Plankton equivalents Length frequency Electrical resistivity RT: Natural populations Sex ratio Grain size Population characteristics Size distribution Percolation Population dynamics Size-at-age Permeability Population functions Size-at-first-maturity Texture Population structure RT: Natural populations Void ratio Population dynamics Voids Population functions Population factors Water content SN: Including dynamic parameters Population functions Wet bulk density (rates) Recruitment NT: Growth Stock assessment Porphyrins Mortality Subpopulations BT: Glycosides Recruitment RT: Chlorophylls RT: Density dependence Population studies Pigments Natural populations USE: Population dynamics Population characteristics Port installations Population dynamics Populations (animal) UF: Docks Population factors USE: Animal populations Harbour installations Population structure Harbour structures Populations (natural) Jetties Population genetics USE: Natural populations Quays SN: Relative frequency of hereditary BT: Coastal structures characters and population or Populations (plants) RT: Gas terminals populations of a given species USE: Plant populations Harbours BT: Genetics RT: Biological speciation Porcellanite Ports Biopolymorphism BT: Siliceous rocks USE: Harbours

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Position fixing Potential density Powdered products UF: Fixing position SN: Use for potential density of BT: Processed fishery products Position fixing systems seawater (sigma-O) NT: Fish meal NT: Inertial navigation BT: Water density RT: Byproducts Radar navigation RT: Adiabatic processes Radio navigation In situ density Power cables Satellite navigation Potential temperature BT: Electric cables Sofar Salinity RT: Geographical coordinates Sigma-T Power consumption Locating Vertical stability RT: Electric power sources Navigation Electricity Navigational aids Potential energy Positioning systems UF: Available potential energy Power from the sea BT: Energy BT: Energy resources Position fixing systems NT: Dynamic analysis NT: Electromagnetic power USE: Position fixing RT: Froude number Salinity power Kinetic energy Thermal power Positioning Tidal power USE: Positioning systems Potential flow Wave power UF: Irrotational flow RT: Current power Positioning systems BT: Fluid flow Geothermal power SN: Systems for keeping ships, RT: Vorticity Renewable resources mobile platforms etc. on station Wind power relative to a point on the seabed Potential resources UF: Positioning UF: Reserves Power plant entrainment NT: Dynamic positioning BT: Resources USE: Entrainment Global Positioning Systems RT: Living resources RT: Acoustic beacons Potential yield Power plant impingement Berthing Resource development USE: Impingement Position fixing Unconventional resources Ship mooring systems Power plants Steering systems Potential temperature UF: Electric power plants BT: Temperature Power stations Post larvae RT: Adiabatic processes NT: Fossil fueled power plants USE: Juveniles Air temperature Hydroelectric power plants Bottom temperature Nuclear power plants Pot fishing Oceanic trenches OTEC plants BT: Catching methods Potential density RT: Cooling ponds RT: Cephalopod fisheries Vertical stability Cooling water Pots Water temperature Electric power sources Turbines Potadromous migrations Potential vorticity Waste heat BT: Migrations BT: Vorticity RT: Anadromous migrations RT: Baroclinic instability Power spectra Catadromous migrations Barotropic instability USE: Energy spectra Freshwater fish Potential yield Power stations Potash deposits UF: Maximum sustainable yield USE: Power plants RT: Subsurface deposits Sustainable yield BT: Yield Power supplies Potassium RT: Potential resources USE: Electric power sources BT: Alkali metals Unconventional resources RT: Potassium compounds Power systems Potassium isotopes Potentialities USE: Electric power sources USE: Resources Potassium compounds Practical salinity scale BT: Alkali metal compounds Potentiometric titration SN: World standard for salinity RT: Potassium USE: Titration data BT: Salinity scales Potassium isotopes Pots Standards BT: Isotopes UF: Lobster pots RT: Potassium BT: Fishing gear Prandtl number Potassium-argon dating RT: Pot fishing RT: Dimensionless numbers Potassium-argon dating Trap nets Forced convection BT: Radiometric dating Heat transfer RT: Argon isotopes Pound nets Momentum transfer Potassium isotopes USE: Trap nets Reynolds number

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Prawn culture Feeding behaviour Preservation (fishery products) SN: Before 1982 search Mortality causes USE: Processing fishery products CRUSTACEAN CULTURE. Natural mortality Restricted to rearing of Predator control Preservation (organisms) freshwater prawns Predator prey interactions USE: Fixation BT: Crustacean culture Predators RT: Freshwater aquaculture Preservatives Polyculture Predator control BT: Agents Pond culture BT: Control RT: Anticoagulants RT: Biological control Fixation Prawn fisheries Predation USE: Shrimp fisheries Predators Pressure Prey selection BT: Physical properties Prawn wastes NT: Atmospheric pressure USE: Wastes Predator prey interactions Blood pressure RT: Predation Hydrostatic pressure Precambrian Predators Osmotic pressure SN: Before 1982 search Pore pressure PRECAMBRIAN ERA Predators Sound pressure UF: Archean BT: Heterotrophic organisms Vapour pressure Proterozoic RT: Carnivores RT: Compression BT: Geological time Competitors Loads (forces) Predation Manometers Precautionary approach Predator control Pressure measurement USE: Precautionary principle Predator prey interactions Weight Prey selection Precautionary principle Protective behaviour Pressure (atmospheric) SN: A set of agreed cost-effective Secondary production USE: Atmospheric pressure measures and actions, including future courses of action, which Predicting Pressure (osmotic) ensures prudent foresight, reduces or USE: Prediction USE: Osmotic pressure avoids risk to the resource, the environment, and the people, to the Prediction Pressure (populations) extent possible, taking explicitly into UF: Forecasting USE: Biotic pressure account existing uncertainties and Forecasts the potential consequences of being Predicting Pressure (water) wrong. Predictions USE: Hydrostatic pressure UF: Precautionary approach NT: Climate prediction Current prediction Pressure chambers Precipitation (atmospheric) Earthquake prediction USE: Decompression chambers USE: Atmospheric precipitations Flood forecasting Ice forecasting Pressure effects Precipitation (chemistry) Storm surge prediction SN: Hydrostatic influence upon USE: Chemical precipitation Tidal prediction behaviour of aquatic organisms Tsunami prediction UF: Pressure tolerance Precipitation (meteorology) Wave predicting BT: Environmental effects USE: Atmospheric precipitations Weather forecasting NT: High pressure effects RT: Approximation RT: Diving physiology Precision depth recorders Critical path method Hydrostatic pressure USE: Depth recorders Long-term changes Mechanoreceptors Short-term changes Precision echosounders Simulation Pressure field USE: Echosounders Statistical analysis BT: Fields Yield predictions RT: Atmospheric pressure Precision gyroscopes Hydrostatic pressure USE: Gyroscopes Predictions Isobaric surfaces USE: Prediction Pressure gradients Precision pressure recorders USE: Pressure sensors Preferred temperature Pressure gauges USE: Temperature preferences BT: Measuring devices Predation Pressure sensors SN: Including predator/prey Pregnancy RT: Manometers relationship UF: Gestation Pressure measurement UF: Prey RT: Parturition BT: Interspecific relationships Placenta Pressure gradients NT: Prey selection Sexual reproduction RT: Hydrostatics RT: Associated species Viviparity Pressure field

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Pressure measurement Photosynthesis Packing fishery products BT: Measurement Phytobenthos Processing fishery products RT: Pressure Phytoplankton Seafood Pressure gauges Secondary production Processing fishery products Pressure sensors Primary sedimentary structures SN: Methods and techniques of UF: Precision pressure recorders USE: Sedimentary structures processing commercial species, Pressure transducers mainly fish and shellfish BT: Sensors Primary waves UF: Conservation (fishery products) NT: Pressure gauges USE: P-waves Preservation (fishery products) RT: Tide gauges NT: Animal oil extraction Transducers Primers Canning Wave measuring equipment BT: Coating materials Curing RT: Paints Drying Pressure test facilities Fish meal processing USE: Pressure vessels Probability theory Seaweed processing RT: Game theory RT: Codex standards Pressure tolerance Mathematical models Fish handling USE: Pressure effects Operations research Fish utilization Random processes Fishery industry Pressure transducers Statistical analysis Food technology USE: Pressure sensors Statistical models Processed fishery products Statistical sampling Shrimp spoilage Pressure vessels Stochastic processes Product development UF: Pressure test facilities Time series UF: Development (products) RT: High pressure effects New product development Probes (instruments) Product improvement Pressure waves USE: Sensors RT: Marketing USE: Elastic waves New products Probes (sensors) Production cost Prestressed concrete USE: Sensors BT: Concrete Product improvement Procedures USE: Product development Prey RT: Planning USE: Predation Tests Production (biological) USE: Biological production Prey selection Proceedings BT: Predation USE: Conferences Production (industrial) RT: Competition USE: Industrial production Predator control Process plants Predators RT: Mineral processing Production (oil and gas) Oil and gas industry USE: Oil and gas production Prices Oil refineries USE: Costs OTEC plants Production cost UF: GER Pricing Processed fishery products Gross energy requirement UF: Fish prices SN: Use of a more specific term is BT: Costs Market prices recommended. Before 1982 RT: Feasibility RT: Commercial legislation search FISHERY PRODUCTS Industrial production Cost analysis UF: Fish sausage Product development Costs BT: Fishery products Production management Financing NT: Canned products Globalization Chilled products Production management Market research Cured products UF: Market management Marketing Dried products BT: Management Trade Fermented products RT: Industrial production Fish fillets Production cost Primary fishery products Fish glue Quality control USE: Fishery products Fish oils Frozen products Production platforms Primary production Krill products BT: Work platforms BT: Biological production Minced products RT: Drilling RT: Algal blooms Powdered products Drilling equipment Biogeochemical cycle Roes Drilling platforms Compensation depth Seaweed products Drilling rigs Eutrophication Stickwater Drilling vessels Light penetration RT: Byproducts Oil and gas production

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Production rate Programmes Prophylaxis USE: Biological production NT: Cruise programmes UF: Disease preventive treatment Research programmes RT: Disease control Products RT: Planning Diseases UF: Goods Parasitism NT: Aquaculture products Programming Therapy Byproducts USE: Planning Fishery products Proposed research Industrial products Progress reports USE: Research proposals New products BT: Report literature RT: Raw materials RT: Annual reports Propulsion engines USE: Propulsion systems Professionals Progressive waves USE: Experts BT: Oscillatory waves Propulsion systems SN: Before 1982 search also Profilers Project evaluation PROPULSION ENGINES. For UF: Continuous profilers USE: PERT propulsion of aquatic organisms use Shear probes LOCOMOTION BT: Instruments Proliferation UF: Marine propulsion NT: Bathythermographs SN: Growth by the rapid Propulsion engines CTD profilers multiplication of parts. NT: Sails Dropsonde Thrusters Free-fall profilers Proline RT: Diesel engines STD profilers BT: Amino acids Manoeuvrability Velocity profilers RT: Pyrrolidine Motors RT: Oceanographic equipment Nuclear propulsion Profiles Promontories Propellers USE: Headlands Ship technology Profiles Shipboard equipment NT: Horizontal profiles Promoters Steering systems Vertical profiles Turbines RT: Contours Propagation Underwater propulsion Gradients USE: Reproduction Vehicles Graphs Protactinium Profilers Propagation (water waves) BT: Actinides Profiling USE: Wave propagation RT: Protactinium isotopes

Profiling Propane Protactinium isotopes SN: Use of a more specific term is BT: Acyclic hydrocarbons BT: Isotopes recommended RT: Protactinium NT: Seismic reflection profiling Propellers Seismic refraction profiling RT: Cavitation Protandry Sub-bottom profiling Propulsion systems RT: Hermaphroditism Vertical profiling Thrusters Self fertilization RT: Profiles Properties Protected areas Profiling current meters SN: Use of a more specific term is SN: An area set aside for the USE: Velocity profilers recommended preservation and protection of highly NT: Biological properties important natural and cultural Progradation Chemical properties features and for the regulation of the UF: Coast accretion Conservative properties scientific, educational and RT: Beach accretion Ice properties recreational use. Before 2008 search Coastal morphology Non-conservative properties MARINE PARKS Coasts Organoleptic properties UF: Nature reserves Deltas Physical properties Parks Emergent shorelines Physicochemical properties NT: Freshwater parks Eustatic changes Sediment properties Marine parks Regressions Surface properties Retrogradation Water properties Protected resources Salt marshes RT: Parameters BT: Resources Uplift RT: Freshwater parks Property rights Living resources Programme evaluation UF: Ownership Marine parks USE: PERT BT: Rights Natural resources RT: Rental Rare resources Riparian rights Rare species Water rights Resource conservation

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Protection Proteinase Protozoal pesticides NT: Environmental protection USE: Enzymes USE: Antiprotozoal agents Fishery protection Scour protection Proteins Protozoan diseases Seabed protection BT: Organic compounds UF: Protozoal diseases RT: Accident prevention NT: Actin BT: Infectious diseases Albumins RT: Antiprotozoal agents Protection (coastal) Collagen Biological control USE: Shore protection Globulins Biological vectors Glycoproteins Fish diseases Protection (human) Histones Immunization USE: Health and safety Lipoproteins Malaria Luciferin Parasite control Protection (secutity) Metallothioneins Parasites USE: Surveillance and Mucins Parasitic diseases enforcement Myoglobins Parasitism Myosin Parasitology Protection vessels Peptides UF: Fishery protection vessels Peptones Provenance RT: Defence craft Single cell proteins UF: Sediment source region Fishery protection RT: Amino acids RT: Palaeocurrents Security Cytochromes Sedimentation Surface craft Enzymes Sediments Surveillance and enforcement Haemocyanins Protective behaviour Insulin Psammon SN: Avoiding or hiding from predators Nitrogen compounds SN: The biota existing immediately BT: Behaviour Nucleic acids below the upper layer of sand on RT: Autotomy Nutritive value beaches, existing in films of Burrowing organisms Organic constituents water in the interstices Camouflage Protein deficiency BT: Aquatic communities Chemical defence Protein denaturation RT: Epipsammon Chromatic behaviour Protein synthesis Sand Defence mechanisms Ribosomes Mimicry Serological studies Pteropod ooze Predators Serological taxonomy BT: Calcareous ooze Schooling behaviour Yolk RT: Aragonite Fossil pteropods Protective clothing Proterozoic RT: Diving equipment USE: Precambrian Public access Safety devices BT: Access Protists RT: Recreation Protective coatings SN: The primitive organisms from USE: Coating materials which animals and plants arose Public health UF: Protobionta UF: Health Protein deficiency RT: Evolution Human health BT: Dietary deficiencies BT: Health and safety RT: Protein synthesis Protobionta RT: Epidemics Proteins USE: Protists Human diseases Hygiene Protein denaturation Protogyny Medicine UF: Denaturation (proteins) RT: Hermaphroditism Microbial contamination BT: Biochemical phenomena Quarantine regulations RT: Nucleic acids Protoplasm Radiation protection Protein synthesis USE: Cytoplasm Water pollution treatment Proteins Water purification Protoplasts Protein metabolism RT: Cell membranes Public outreach USE: Protein synthesis Cells USE: Extension activities Protein synthesis Cytoplasm UF: Peptide synthesis Nuclei Publications Protein metabolism USE: Documents BT: Biochemical phenomena Prototypes RT: Amino acids RT: Models Publicity material Protein deficiency Specifications UF: Advertisements Protein denaturation RT: Documents Proteins Protozoal diseases Lectures Ribosomes USE: Protozoan diseases

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Pulp wastes Purse seining Pyrrolidine BT: Wastes BT: Seining BT: Amines RT: Bait fishing RT: Proline Pulsed lasers Purse seines USE: Lasers Quahog fisheries P-waves USE: Clam fisheries Pumice UF: Compressional waves (seismic) BT: Volcanic rocks Primary waves Quality BT: Body waves UF: Grades Pump fishing RT: Compressional wave velocities RT: Acceptability BT: Catching methods S-waves Quality assurance RT: Electric fishing Quality control Light fishing Pycnocline Pumping UF: Density layer Quality analysis Pumps BT: Discontinuity layers USE: Quality assurance RT: Density fronts Pump stations Density gradients Quality assurance UF: Booster stations Density profiles UF: Quality analysis Pipeline pumping stations Density stratification Reliability assurance RT: Pipelines Isopycnics RT: Quality Pumps Mixed layer depth Quality control Thermocline Storage life Pumping Water density Tests RT: Pump fishing Water masses Visual inspection Pumps Slurries Pyloric caeca Quality control BT: Alimentary organs SN: Methods and procedures for Pumps RT: Digestive glands testing and monitoring quality at UF: Air pumps Intestines acceptable levels BT: Machinery Stomach UF: Fish freshness NT: Fish pumps BT: Control Water pumps Pyranometers NT: HACCP RT: Pump fishing USE: Actinometers Water quality control Pump stations RT: Acceptance tests Pumping Pyrgeometers Certification USE: Actinometers Commercial legislation Pumps (water) Control charts USE: Water pumps Pyridines Fish spoilage BT: Azines Inspection Pupae Performance assessment BT: Insect larvae Pyrimidines Production management BT: Azines Quality Pups Quality assurance BT: Juveniles Pyrite Shrimp spoilage BT: Sulphide minerals Standards Purchasers Storage effects USE: Consumers Pyroclastics Testing USE: Volcanic rocks Purchasing Quanta meters RT: Acquisition Pyrolusite BT: Light measuring instruments Consumers BT: Oxide minerals RT: Irradiance meters Costs RT: Manganese minerals Photometry

Purification (water) Pyrolysis Quantitative distribution USE: Water purification BT: Degradation BT: Distribution RT: Biogeochemistry RT: Abundance Purines Dissociation Biological charts BT: Organic compounds Temperature effects Biomass Geographical distribution Purse seiners Pyroxenes Population density USE: Seiners BT: Silicate minerals Population number NT: Augite Resource availability Purse seines RT: Alkali basalts Spatial variations BT: Surrounding nets Tholeiite Temporal distribution RT: Purse seining Seiners Pyrrhotite BT: Sulphide minerals

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Quarantine regulations Rack culture Optical properties SN: Regulations for protecting USE: Off-bottom culture Radiance meters public health Radiative transfer BT: Legislation Radar Solar radiation RT: Epidemics UF: Radar equipment Public health Radar systems Radiance distribution Safety regulations BT: Remote sensing equipment USE: Light fields NT: Microwave radar Quarries RT: Lidar Radiance meters USE: Pits Navigational aids BT: Light measuring instruments Radar altimetry RT: Radiance Quartz Radar clutter BT: Silicate minerals Radar imagery Radiation balance RT: Tholeiite Radar navigation SN: Net flux of solar and terrestrial Radio oceanography radiation at water surface Quartzite Sonar UF: Net radiation BT: Silicate minerals Radiation budget Quasi-geostrophic motion Radar altimeters RT: Heat budget BT: Geostrophic flow BT: Altimeters Heat exchange RT: Wave measuring equipment Solar radiation Quasi-geostrophic waves Terrestrial radiation USE: Planetary waves Radar altimetry BT: Altimetry Radiation budget Quaternary RT: Radar USE: Radiation balance SN: Before 1982 search also Radar imagery QUATERNARY PERIOD Radio oceanography Radiation fog UF: Quaternary period Satellite altimetry USE: Fog BT: Cenozoic Wave measurement NT: Holocene Radiation hazards Pleistocene Radar clutter UF: Radioactive exposure RT: Sea level UF: Noise (radar echoes) BT: Hazards NT: Surface clutter RT: Radiation leaks Quaternary period RT: Radar Radiation protection USE: Quaternary Radar imagery Radioactive contamination Radioactive wastes Quays Radar equipment USE: Port installations USE: Radar Radiation leaks BT: Accidents Quinolines Radar imagery RT: Radiation hazards BT: Azines UF: Radar methods (sensing) Radioactive waste disposal BT: Microwave imagery Quota regulations RT: Electromagnetic radiation Radiation measuring equipment UF: Catch limit Radar USE: Radiometers Catch quota Radar altimetry BT: Fishery regulations Radar clutter Radiation protection RT: Blue whale unit Radio oceanography UF: Radiological protection Catch statistics Scatterometers BT: Health and safety Permits RT: Public health Total allowable catch Radar methods (sensing) Radiation hazards USE: Radar imagery Radioactive contamination Race Radioactive waste disposal USE: Subpopulations Radar navigation Safety regulations BT: Navigation Raceway culture Position fixing Radiational tides UF: River culture RT: Collision avoidance BT: Tides Running water culture Radar RT: Meteorological tides BT: Aquaculture techniques Radio navigation Solar radiation RT: Crustacean culture Tidal constituents Fish culture Radar systems Freshwater aquaculture USE: Radar Radiations Intensive culture SN: Use of a more specific term is Monoculture Radiance recommended SN: Flux of radiant energy in water NT: Electromagnetic radiation Racial studies RT: Emissivity Ionizing radiation RT: Genetics Irradiance Thermal radiation Stock identification Light Subpopulations Light fields

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Radiative transfer RT: Body burden Radioactivity UF: Radiative transfer equation Dust Radioecology BT: Energy transfer Fallout Radiography RT: Electromagnetic radiation Nuclear explosions Radioisotopes Heat transfer Nuclear power plants Irradiance Radiation hazards Radioactive waste disposal Light fields Radiation protection BT: Waste disposal Polarization Radioactive pollutants RT: Radiation leaks Radiance Radioactive waste disposal Radiation protection Solar radiation Radioactive wastes Radioactive contamination Terrestrial radiation Radioactivity Radioactive wastes Radiochemistry Radiative transfer equation Radioecology Radioactive wastes USE: Radiative transfer Radioisotopes SN: Radioactive wastes in aquatic Radionuclide kinetics environment Radio Toxicity UF: Nuclear wastes BT: Communication systems Water pollution BT: Hazardous materials RT: Radio aids Wastes Radio buoys Radioactive dating RT: Fallout Television systems USE: Radiometric dating Nuclear power plants Nuclear radiations Radio aids Radioactive exposure Radiation hazards SN: Equipment used for position USE: Radiation hazards Radioactive contamination fixing in navigation Radioactive materials RT: Radio Radioactive fallout Radioactive pollutants Radio navigation USE: Fallout Radioactive waste disposal Radioactivity Radio buoys Radioactive isotopes Radioecology BT: Buoys USE: Radioisotopes Thermal pollution RT: Communication systems Fishing buoys Radioactive labelling Radioactivity Radio UF: Isotopic labelling RT: Actinium Labelling (radioactive) Fallout Radio navigation Radioactive tagging Gamma spectroscopy BT: Navigation RT: Radioactive tracers Geiger counters Position fixing Radioactivity Ionizing radiation NT: Decca Nuclear energy Loran Radioactive materials Nuclear physics Omega BT: Materials Nuclear radiations RT: Radar navigation NT: Fission products Plutonium Radio aids RT: Radioactive wastes Radioactive contamination Radioisotopes Radioactive labelling Radio oceanography Radioactive pollutants BT: Oceanography Radioactive particulates Radioactive tracers RT: Radar USE: Radioactive aerosols Radioactive wastes Radar altimetry Radiochemistry Radar imagery Radioactive pollutants Radioecology Remote sensing BT: Pollutants Radiography Satellite sensing RT: Carcinogens Radioisotopes Fallout Radiometric dating Radio telemetry Radioactive contamination Radionuclide kinetics BT: Telemetry Radioactive wastes Radium Radioactivity Uranium Radio tracking Radioisotopes USE: Tracking Radiocarbon dating Radio waves Radioactive pollution BT: Radiometric dating BT: Electromagnetic radiation USE: Radioactive contamination RT: Carbon 13 Carbon 14 Radioactive aerosols Radioactive tagging UF: Radioactive particulates USE: Radioactive labelling Radiochemistry BT: Aerosols BT: Chemistry RT: Fallout Radioactive tracers RT: Irradiation BT: Tracers Nuclear radiations Radioactive contamination RT: Autoradiography Radioactive contamination UF: Contamination (radioactive) Carbon 13 Radioactivity Radioactive pollution Carbon 14 Radioecology BT: Pollution Radioactive labelling Radioisotopes

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Radioecology RT: Electromagnetic radiation Radium SN: Use of a more specific term is Light measuring instruments BT: Alkaline earth metals recommended Multispectral scanners Heavy metals BT: Ecology Photometers RT: Radioactivity RT: Radioactive contamination Sensors Radium isotopes Radioactive tracers Radioactive wastes Radiometers (microwave) Radium isotopes Radioactivity USE: Microwave imagery BT: Isotopes Radiochemistry RT: Radium Radioisotopes Radiometric dating SN: Before 1982 search Radon Radiographic testing RADIOACTIVE DATING BT: Rare gases USE: Nondestructive testing UF: Isotope dating RT: Radon isotopes Radioactive dating Radiography BT: Geochronometry Radon isotopes NT: Autoradiography NT: Oxygen isotope dating BT: Isotopes Tomography Potassium-argon dating RT: Radon RT: Fluorescence microscopy Radiocarbon dating Irradiation Rubidium-strontium dating Radulae Photography Thorium-230/thorium-232 dating SN: Before 1982 search MOUTH Radioactive tracers Uranium-helium dating PARTS Radioactivity RT: Absolute age BT: Mouth parts X-ray spectroscopy Geological time RT: Alimentary organs Isotopes Teeth Radioisotope kinetics Nuclear radiations USE: Radionuclide kinetics Oxygen isotope ratio Raft culture Radioactivity SN: Before 1982 search OFF- Radioisotopes Radioisotopes BOTTOM CULTURE UF: Radioactive isotopes Uranium-234/uranium-238 ratio BT: Aquaculture techniques Radionuclides RT: Cage culture BT: Isotopes Radionuclide kinetics Mollusc culture NT: Carbon 14 SN: For radionuclides in living Off-bottom culture RT: Carbon 13 organisms only Europium UF: Contamination (internal) Rafting Nuclear physics Radioisotope kinetics BT: Sediment transport Radioactive contamination Radionuclide metabolism NT: Biological rafting Radioactive materials Radionuclide transfer (in organisms) Ice rafting Radioactive pollutants Radionuclide turnover(in organisms) RT: Glacial deposits Radioactive tracers BT: Kinetics Ice drift Radioactivity RT: Biological half life Radiochemistry Body burden Rafts Radioecology Metabolism USE: Boats Radiometric dating Radioactive contamination Radionuclide kinetics Radioactivity Rafts (instrument carriers) Radioisotopes USE: Data buoys Radiolarian ooze SN: Composed of skeletons of Radionuclide metabolism Rafts (life) planktonic animals USE: Radionuclide kinetics USE: Lifeboats BT: Siliceous ooze RT: Fossil radiolaria Radionuclide transfer (in organisms) Rail bridges Radiolarite USE: Radionuclide kinetics USE: Bridges

Radiolarite Radionuclide turnover (in organisms) Rain BT: Siliceous rocks USE: Radionuclide kinetics UF: Rain water RT: Clastics BT: Atmospheric precipitations Pelagic sediments Radionuclides NT: Acid rain Radiolarian ooze USE: Radioisotopes RT: Droughts Hail Radiological protection Radiosondes Rain gauges USE: Radiation protection UF: Dropwindsondes Rainfall Radiometers Rawinsondes Rainy season UF: Radiation measuring equipment RT: Air temperature Snow BT: Measuring devices Atmospheric pressure Rain drops Remote sensing equipment Balloons USE: Droplets NT: Actinometers Humidity Infrared detectors Meteorological instruments Microwave radiometers Wind measuring equipment

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Rain gauges Rare gases Rayleigh waves BT: Meteorological instruments UF: Inert gases BT: Surface seismic waves RT: Rain Noble gases Rainfall BT: Chemical elements Rays fisheries Gases USE: Shark fisheries Rain water NT: Argon USE: Rain Helium Reaction kinetics Krypton USE: Chemical kinetics Rainfall Neon SN: Amount of both rain and water Radon Reactions (chemical) equivalent of frozen precipitation Xenon USE: Chemical reactions RT: Climate Droughts Rare resources Reading lists Hail BT: Resources USE: Bibliographies Hydrologic cycle RT: Living resources Rain Natural resources Rearing Rain gauges Overexploitation UF: Artificial rearing Runoff Protected resources Experimental rearing Snow Rare species Laboratory rearing Weather Resource conservation RT: Aquaculture Aquaculture techniques Rainy season Rare species Artificial feeding UF: Wet season UF: Endangered organisms Culture tanks BT: Seasons Endangered species Hatching RT: Dry season Species rarity Larval development Monsoons BT: Species Rain RT: Aquatic animals Recent epoch Tropical environment Aquatic plants USE: Holocene Raised beaches Nature conservation BT: Beaches Protected resources Recent sediments RT: Emergent shorelines Rare resources UF: Holocene sediments Sea level changes Species extinction BT: Sediments Strandlines Terraces Rates and taxes Receptor cells Uplift USE: Taxes USE: Receptors

Rakes Ratios Receptors USE: Grappling gear NT: Bowen ratio UF: Exteroceptors Carbon isotope ratio Interoceptors Ranching Carbon/nitrogen ratio Receptor cells SN: Use of the natural aquatic Conductivity ratio Sensory receptors environment as free feeding Mixing ratio BT: Cells grounds for culturing organisms Poisson's ratio NT: Target cells UF: Ocean ranching Signal-to-noise ratio Thermoreceptors RT: Stocking (organisms) Void ratio RT: Neurons Water rights RT: Albedo Sense organs Coefficients Random processes Constants Recirculating systems RT: Probability theory Dimensionless numbers UF: Closed recirculating systems Statistical analysis Rossby number Recirculating water systems Stochastic processes Recirculation systems Raw materials Water circulating systems Random sampling BT: Materials BT: Aquaculture systems USE: Statistical sampling RT: Natural resources RT: Aquaculture equipment Products Biofilters Range action Culture tanks USE: Harbour oscillations Rawinsondes Water circulation USE: Radiosondes Water filtration Rare earth elements Water pumps USE: Rare earths Ray paths UF: Seismic ray path Recirculating water systems Rare earths Sound ray paths USE: Recirculating systems UF: Rare earth elements RT: Seismic propagation BT: Metals Seismic waves Recirculation systems NT: Actinides Sound waves USE: Recirculating systems Lanthanides RT: Transition elements

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Reclamation Recovery of wrecks Red tides SN: Use of a more specific term is USE: Salvaging RT: Algal blooms recommended Biological poisons NT: Lake reclamation Recreation Discoloured water Land reclamation UF: Leisure activities Phytoplankton Water reclamation Outdoor recreation Poisonous organisms RT: Conservation NT: Bathing Toxicity Depletion Boating Sport fishing Redds Reclamation (lakes) Surfing SN: Spawning area of trout or USE: Lake reclamation RT: Public access salmon on the bottom of a lake or Recreational waters stream; usually a clear circular Reclamation (land) Tourism depression in gravel USE: Land reclamation UF: Salmon nests Recreational fishing RT: Nests Reclamation (water) USE: Sport fishing Spawning grounds USE: Water reclamation Recreational swimming Redfish fisheries Recombinants USE: Bathing UF: Rockfish fisheries RT: Recombination Scorpionfish fisheries Recreational waters BT: Finfish fisheries Recombination RT: Beaches RT: Recombinants Freshwater parks Redmouth disease Marinas UF: Enteric redmouth Recorders Marine parks Hagermon redmouth USE: Recording equipment Recreation RM Riparian rights BT: Fish diseases Recording equipment Water RT: Bacterial diseases UF: Recorders Water bodies Recording instruments Water use regulations Redox potential BT: Equipment UF: EH NT: Depth recorders Recruitment Oxidation-reduction potential Sound recorders SN: Including animal recruitment, BT: Chemical properties Wave recorders length, weight and age at first RT: Chemical reactions RT: Data buoys capture, number of recruits Oxidation Data loggers UF: Recruitment rate Oxidoreductases Electronic equipment BT: Population functions Oxygen depletion Measuring devices RT: Age at recruitment Redox reactions Monitoring systems Population structure Reduction Sensors Yield Yield/recruit Redox processes Recording instruments USE: Redox reactions USE: Recording equipment Recruitment rate Records USE: Recruitment Redox reactions NT: Analog records UF: Oxidation-reduction reactions Digital records Red blood cells Redox processes Long-term records USE: Erythrocytes BT: Chemical reactions Short-term records RT: Oxidation RT: Audio recordings Red blood corpuscles Oxidoreductases Logbooks USE: Erythrocytes Polarography Magnetic tape recordings Redox potential Videotape recordings Red boil disease Reduction USE: Boil disease Recovery Reduction SN: Recovery of materials and Red clay BT: Chemical reactions equipment including underwater USE: Pelagic clay NT: Sulphate reduction vehicles RT: Redox potential UF: Recovery of equipment Red crab fisheries Redox reactions NT: Core recovery USE: Squat lobster fisheries Mooring recovery Reduction division RT: Deployment Red muscles USE: Meiosis Gear handling USE: Muscles Launching Reef fish Station keeping Red pest BT: Marine fish USE: Vibriosis RT: Artificial reefs Recovery of equipment Coral reefs USE: Recovery

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Reef fisheries Reflection (light) RT: Freshwater parks BT: Marine fisheries USE: Light reflection Marine parks RT: Artificial reefs Nature conservation Coral reefs Reflection (water waves) Sanctuaries Percoid fisheries USE: Wave reflection Refugia Reef formation Reflection loss USE: Refuges RT: Reefs USE: Transmission loss Sedimentation Refuse Reflectivity USE: Litter Reefs USE: Reflectance UF: Rocky reefs Regeneration NT: Bioherms Refraction SN: Regeneration processes of Coral reefs NT: Light refraction tissue, organs and appendices lost Oyster reefs Seismic refraction by injuries in natural or RT: Artificial reefs Sound refraction experimental conditions Reef formation Wave refraction BT: Biological phenomena Shallow water RT: Wave motion RT: Autotomy Shoals Body organs Refraction (light) Degeneration Reefs (artificial) USE: Light refraction Growth USE: Artificial reefs Organ removal Refraction (water waves) Reefs (coral) USE: Wave refraction Regional planning USE: Coral reefs BT: Planning Refraction loss RT: National planning Reefs (navigational hazard) USE: Transmission loss Regions USE: Shoals Refractive index Regional variations Re-entry (deep-sea drilling) SN: Before 1982 search BT: Spatial variations USE: Hole re-entry REFRACTIVITY RT: Annual variations UF: Refractivity Migrations Reference levels BT: Optical properties Seasonal variations BT: Levels RT: Electrical conductivity NT: Datum levels Light dispersion Regions Level of no motion Light refraction RT: Regional planning RT: Data reduction Light scattering Salinity Regression analysis Refineries Salinity measurement BT: Statistical analysis USE: Oil refineries Water temperature RT: Correlation analysis Least squares method Reflectance Refractivity Scatter diagrams UF: Reflectivity USE: Refractive index Variance analysis BT: Optical properties RT: Air-water interface Refrigeration Regressions Albedo SN: Before 1982 search FREEZING UF: Marine regressions Glitter RT: Chilled products RT: Coasts Light reflection Chilling storage Emergent shorelines Reflected global radiation Cold storage Eustatic changes Surface roughness Freezing Glaciation Wave effects Frozen products Progradation Refrigerators Sea level changes Reflected global radiation Thawing Transgressions BT: Solar radiation Uplift RT: Air-water interface Refrigeration storage Reflectance USE: Cold storage Regular waves BT: Water waves Reflection Refrigerators RT: Wave period NT: Light reflection RT: Cold storage Seismic reflection Refrigeration Regulation compliance Sound reflection Wave reflection Refuges Regulations RT: Absorption (physics) SN: Isolated localities, where USE: Legislation Albedo organisms are free from natural Reverberation or man-induced pressures Reinforced concrete Transmission UF: Refugia BT: Concrete Wave motion Wildlife refuges RT: Steel

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Relative abundance Rock magnetism Renewable resources USE: Abundance BT: Magnetic properties BT: Natural resources RT: Core orientation RT: Food resources Relative density Geomagnetic field Geothermal power SN: Use for specific gravity of sea Palaeomagnetism Hydroelectric power water. Before 1984 search also Living resources SPECIFIC GRAVITY Remote control Marine resources BT: Water density BT: Control Nonrenewable resources RT: Sea water RT: Acoustic command systems Power from the sea Specific gravity Automation Solar power Water properties Robots Water resources Untethered vehicles Wind power Relative humidity BT: Humidity Remote satellite sensing Renewal RT: Specific humidity USE: Remote sensing RT: Flushing time Overturn Relative vorticity Remote sensing Residence time BT: Vorticity SN: Remote sensing of the RT: Absolute vorticity environment from all locations, i.e. Rent Vertical shear sea surface, space, etc. For sensing USE: Rental from space use GEOSENSING Release mechanisms UF: Remote satellite sensing Rental UF: Acoustic release mechanisms Remote sensing techniques SN: Renting of land, water bodies NT: Geosensing or water resources for Reliability RT: Data acquisition exploitation purposes RT: Acceptability Echosounding UF: Rent Accuracy Electromagnetic radiation Renting Certification Imagery RT: Leases Evaluation Infrared detectors Property rights Failures Radio oceanography Water rights Performance assessment Remote sensing equipment Risks Renting Remote sensing (earth) USE: Rental Reliability assurance USE: Geosensing USE: Quality assurance Repair Remote sensing equipment USE: Maintenance and repair Relict lakes UF: Image sensors BT: Lakes Remote sensors Repellents RT: Fossil sea water BT: Equipment NT: Fish repellents NT: Radar RT: Insecticides Relict organisms Radiometers Pest control USE: Relict species Sonar Pesticides Relict sediments RT: Electronic equipment Toxicants BT: Sediments Laser bathymeters Lidar Replacing Relict shorelines Multispectral scanners USE: Maintenance and repair BT: Coasts Oceanographic equipment Photographic equipment Replication Relict species Remote sensing SN: A species that is the remainder Scatterometers Report literature of a formerly more widely Sensors SN: Unpublished scientific and distributed species Sodar technical documents, in most UF: Relict organisms Surveying equipment cases describing the results of BT: Species research and development RT: Ecological distribution Remote sensing techniques projects. Use of a more specific Geographical distribution USE: Remote sensing term is recommended. Before Living fossils 1982 search REPORTS Remote sensors UF: Reports Relief forms USE: Remote sensing equipment NT: Annual reports USE: Topographic features Data reports Remotely operated vehicles Progress reports Remanent magnetism USE: Unmanned vehicles RT: Data collections USE: Remanent magnetization Documents Removal Remanent magnetization NT: Organ removal Reports UF: Magnetic remanence RT: Installation USE: Report literature Remanent magnetism Salvaging

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Reproduction Reptiles (aquatic) Researchers SN: Before 1982 search USE: Aquatic reptiles USE: Scientific personnel REPRODUCTION (BIOLOGY) UF: Propagation Rescue Reserves Reproduction (biology) USE: Search and rescue USE: Potential resources Reproduction rate NT: Alternate reproduction Research Reservoir dynamics Androgenesis UF: Research and development USE: Lake dynamics Asexual reproduction Scientific research Cell division NT: Experimental research Reservoir fisheries Parthenogenesis RT: Research institutions BT: Inland fisheries Sexual reproduction Research programmes RT: Lake fisheries Vegetative reproduction Research proposals Water reservoirs RT: Biogenesis Reproductive behaviour Research (experimental) Reservoirs (oil) Reproductive cycle USE: Experimental research USE: Oil reservoirs Zygotes Research and development Reservoirs (water) Reproduction (biology) USE: Research USE: Water reservoirs USE: Reproduction Research institutions Residence time Reproduction rate UF: Institutions (research) RT: Age USE: Reproduction BT: Organizations Flushing time NT: Biological institutions Renewal Reproductive behaviour Fishery institutions BT: Behaviour Geological institutions Residual circulation RT: Breeding Limnological institutions USE: Residual flow Courtship Oceanographic institutions Nesting RT: Education establishments Residual currents Parental behaviour Laboratories USE: Residual flow Reproduction Research Residual flow Sexual behaviour Research programmes UF: Residual circulation Spawning Residual currents Spawning migrations Research programmes RT: Fluid motion BT: Programmes Unidirectional flow Reproductive cycle RT: Cruise programmes Water currents SN: A period between hatching and Fellowships the first spawning of a given Grants Resilience (ecosystem) generation Research USE: Ecosystem resilience UF: Breeding cycle Research institutions RT: Breeding Research proposals Resistance (biological) Life cycle USE: Biological resistance Reproduction Research proposals Spawning SN: Before 1982 search Resistance mechanisms PROPOSED RESEARCH RT: Biological resistance Reproductive fertilization UF: Proposed research Defence mechanisms USE: Biological fertilization RT: Research Research programmes Resistance to chemicals Reproductive isolation USE: Control resistance USE: Sexual isolation Research ships USE: Research vessels Resistance to disease Reproductive organs (animal) USE: Disease resistance USE: Animal reproductive organs Research vessels SN: Vessels used for Resistance to drugs Reproductive structures (plant) oceanographic and limnological USE: Drug resistance USE: Plant reproductive exploration structures UF: Research ships Resistance to parasites RT: Cruise programmes USE: Parasite resistance Reproductive system Hydrographic surveying USE: Animal reproductive organs Hydrographic surveys Resistivity (electrical) Multiship expeditions USE: Electrical resistivity Reptile culture Surface craft UF: Alligator culture Survey vessels Resolution Crocodile farming Weather ships UF: Instrument resolutions BT: Cultures Resolving power NT: Turtle culture Research workers RT: Accuracy RT: Aquatic reptiles USE: Scientific personnel Errors

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Resolving power Resource management Respiratory quotients USE: Resolution BT: Management USE: Respiration NT: Fishery management Resonance Water management Respiratory system NT: Roll resonance RT: Environment management BT: Anatomical structures Tidal resonance Natural resources RT: Respiration RT: Oscillations Resource conservation Respiratory organs Resonant frequency Resource depletion Vibration Resource development Respirometers BT: Measuring devices Resonant frequency Resource surveys RT: Aerobic respiration UF: Natural frequency BT: Surveys Oxygen consumption BT: Frequency RT: Resource availability RT: Resonance Resource exploration Response (oceanic) Vibration USE: Oceanic response Resources Resonant wave interaction SN: Before 1982 search Response analysis BT: Wave interactions NATURAL RESOURCES BT: Analysis RT: Internal waves UF: Economic resources RT: Response time Wave-wave interaction Means Tidal analysis Potentialities Resource availability NT: Financial resources Response time BT: Availability Human resources RT: Atmospheric forcing RT: Development potential Institutional resources Oceanic response Exploitation Natural resources Response analysis Population density Potential resources Salinity Population number Protected resources Quantitative distribution Rare resources Responsible fisheries Resource surveys RT: Resource availability USE: Sustainable fishing Resources Resource depletion Resource exploration Resting eggs Resource conservation UF: Winter eggs BT: Conservation Respiration BT: Eggs RT: Environment management UF: Respiration rate RT: Resting stages Fuel economy Respiratory quotients Natural resources NT: Aerobic respiration Resting spores Protected resources Anaerobic respiration BT: Spores Rare resources RT: Metabolism RT: Resting stages Resource management Oxygen demand Respiratory organs Resting stages Resource depletion Respiratory pigments RT: Developmental stages BT: Depletion Respiratory system Dormancy RT: Resource management Stomata Environmental effects Resources Transpiration Resting eggs Resting spores Resource development Respiration rate Sleep SN: Economic development of USE: Respiration living and non-living aquatic Restocking resources Respiratory organs USE: Stocking (organisms) UF: Development (resources) UF: Accessory respiratory organs NT: Aquaculture development BT: Animal organs Restoration Fishery development NT: Gills RT: Deterioration RT: Development potential Lungs Maintenance and repair Development projects Trachea Exploitation RT: Respiration Resuspended sediments Potential resources Respiratory pigments UF: Sediments in suspension Resource management Respiratory system Suspended sediments Respiratory pigments BT: Sediments Resource exploitation UF: Respiratory proteins Suspended particulate matter USE: Exploitation BT: Pigments RT: Particle motion NT: Haemocyanins Resuspension Resource exploration Haemoglobins Sediment traps BT: Exploration RT: Respiration Suspended load NT: Mineral exploration Respiratory organs Resuspension Oil and gas exploration BT: Suspension RT: Resource surveys Respiratory proteins RT: Resuspended sediments Resources USE: Respiratory pigments Suspended load

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Retinas Rheology Rice field aquaculture UF: Blind spot BT: Mechanics SN: Before 1982 search Fovea RT: Deformation AGROPISCICULTURE BT: Eyes Non-Newtonian fluids UF: Rice-cum-fish culture RT: Visual pigments Plastic flow Rice-fish culture Viscosity Rizipisciculture Retrogradation Rheotaxis BT: Agropisciculture RT: Coastal erosion BT: Taxis RT: Aquaculture techniques Coastal morphology RT: Water currents Crayfish culture Coasts Fish culture Eustatic changes Rheotropism Freshwater aquaculture Landslides BT: Tropism Rice fields Progradation RT: Water currents Submerged shorelines Rice fields Submergence Rhizomes UF: Paddy fields Transgressions BT: Plant organs RT: Rice field aquaculture RT: Plant reproductive structures Reverberation Roots Rice-cum-fish culture UF: Sound reverberation Stems USE: Rice field aquaculture BT: Underwater noise Stomata NT: Bottom reverberation Vegetative reproduction Rice-fish culture RT: Backscatter USE: Rice field aquaculture Reflection Rhodamine B-dye Sound scattering SN: Synthetic red or pink substance Richardson number used as tracer in study of water RT: Instability Reverse osmosis currents, turbulence Shear flow BT: Osmosis BT: Dyes Vertical shear RT: Desalination RT: Lagrangian current Wastewater treatment measurement Ridges BT: Landforms Reversing thermometers Rhodium NT: Continental ridges USE: Thermometers BT: Heavy metals Submarine ridges

Review articles Rhodopsin Rift systems USE: Literature reviews USE: Visual pigments USE: Rift zones

Reviews (literature) Rhyolites Rift valleys USE: Literature reviews BT: Volcanic rocks BT: Valleys NT: Median valleys Reynolds number Rhythms RT: Fault zones RT: Dimensionless numbers USE: Cycles Faults Drag coefficient Graben Froude number Rhythms (biological) Rift zones Laminar flow USE: Biological rhythms Rifting Prandtl number Turbulent flow Ria coasts Rift zones USE: Submerged shorelines SN: Previously indexed as RIFTS Reynolds stresses UF: Rift systems UF: Eddy stresses Rias Rifts Turbulent shear stresses USE: Drowned valleys RT: Diverging plate boundaries BT: Stress (mechanics) Fault zones RT: Bottom stress Riboflavin Plate divergence Eddy viscosity USE: Vitamin B Rift valleys Momentum transfer Rifting Navier-Stokes equations Ribonucleic acid Shear stress USE: RNA Rifting Turbulence Ribose UF: Taphrogeny Turbulent boundary layer BT: Monosaccharides RT: Fault zones Turbulent flow RT: Aldehydes Orogeny Wind stress Vitamin B Plate divergence Rhenium Rift valleys BT: Heavy metals Ribosomes Rift zones RT: Rhenium isotopes UF: Microsomes Seafloor spreading RT: Cytoplasm Tectonics Rhenium isotopes Protein synthesis BT: Isotopes Proteins Rifts RT: Rhenium RNA USE: Rift zones

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Rigging Riparian rights River banks RT: Deck equipment SN: Belonging to a person who owns BT: Banks (topography) Sailing ships land bordering a body of water RT: Fluvial morphology Righting BT: Rights Levees BT: Ship motion RT: Irrigation water Riparian environments RT: Capsizing Property rights River beds Ship stability Recreational waters Rivers Riparian zone Rights Water rights River basin management SN: Use of a more specific term is BT: Ecosystem management recommended Riparian vegetation RT: Flood control NT: Exclusive rights UF: Riparian plants River basins Exploration rights BT: Flora Water management Fishing rights RT: Riparian buffers Property rights River basins Riparian rights Riparian zone UF: Drainage basins Water rights RT: Coastal zone BT: Basins RT: Jurisdiction Riparian buffers RT: Catchment area Legal aspects Riparian environments Fluvial features Legislation Riparian rights Lake basins River basin management Rigidity Ripple marks River valleys USE: Flexibility BT: Bedding structures Rivers RT: Sand ripples Watersheds Rigidity modulus Transverse bed forms USE: Shear modulus River beds Ripples (sand) RT: Bed load Rigs USE: Sand ripples Bed roughness USE: Drilling rigs Bottom friction Ripples (water) Fluvial morphology Rip channels USE: Water ripples River banks BT: Beach features Rivers Channels Riprap RT: Rip currents BT: Breakwaters River culture USE: Raceway culture Rip currents Rise (continental) BT: Nearshore currents USE: Continental rise River currents RT: Beach cusps USE: Stream flow Coasts Rise (oceanic) Edge waves USE: Mid-ocean ridges River discharge Longshore currents SN: Flow from rivers into lakes Rip channels Riser cables and seas, contribution to water Surf zone BT: Cables budget of seas and lakes, Undertow RT: Catenary influence on environment and Wave-current interaction Electric cables organisms Wind-driven currents UF: River discharge effects Riser pipes River inflow Riparian buffers UF: Marine risers BT: Inflow SN: Areas that are managed to protect BT: Pipes RT: Fluvial transport the aquatic and riparian ecosystem. RT: Flowlines River outflow A riparian buffer protects water River plumes quality and temperature, habitat Risk management Rivers along the banks, upland habitat for SN: The process of evaluating and Stream flow aquatic and riparian species, and selecting regulatory and non- Water budget some or all of the floodplain. regulatory responses to risk, taking RT: Riparian environments into consideration legal, economic, River discharge effects Riparian vegetation and behavioural factor. USE: River discharge Riparian zone BT: Management RT: Risks River engineering Riparian environments BT: Engineering RT: Coasts Risks RT: Coastal engineering Lake shores SN: Includes risk analysis Fluvial morphology Riparian buffers RT: Feasibility Rivers Riparian zone Hazards Stream flow River banks Insurance Structural engineering Riparian plants Reliability USE: Riparian vegetation Risk management

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River fisheries Rivers Rock falls UF: Stream fisheries UF: Streams USE: Debris flow BT: Inland fisheries BT: Inland waters RT: Artisanal fishing NT: Distributaries Rock magnetism Crustacean fisheries Tributaries USE: Remanent magnetization Estuarine fisheries RT: Channels Rivers Deltas Rock mechanics Salmon fisheries Flood plains UF: Rock shear Fluvial features Rock stress River flow Fluvial morphology BT: Mechanics USE: Stream flow Fluvial sedimentation RT: Elasticity Fluvial transport Rock deformation River inflow Lotic environment Rocks USE: River discharge Oxbow lakes Soil mechanics River banks River meanders River basins Rock pools SN: Before 1986 use MEANDERS River beds USE: Tidal pools (RIVERS) River discharge UF: Meanders (rivers) River engineering Rock properties RT: Flood plains River fisheries USE: Sediment properties Fluvial features River meanders Fluvial morphology River outflow Rock samples Meandering River valleys USE: Sediment samples Oxbow lakes River water Rivers Stream flow Rock sampling Stream flow rate USE: Sediment sampling River morphology Water resources USE: Fluvial morphology Rock shear Rizipisciculture USE: Rock mechanics River outflow USE: Rice field aquaculture SN: Outflow of water from lakes Rock stress and other inland water bodies RM USE: Rock mechanics BT: Outflow USE: Redmouth disease RT: River discharge Rockfish fisheries Rivers RNA USE: Redfish fisheries SN: Before 1982 search River plumes RIBONUCLEIC ACID Rocklobster fisheries SN: Plumes mainly caused by UF: Ribonucleic acid USE: Lobster fisheries suspended material from river BT: Nucleic acids discharge into lakes, estuaries or RT: Polymerization Rocks marine coastal areas Ribosomes NT: Anisotropic rocks BT: Plumes Carbonate rocks RT: Estuarine front Road bridges Igneous rocks River discharge USE: Bridges Metamorphic rocks Salt-wedge estuaries Phosphate rocks Sediment transport Roadsteads Sedimentary rocks Suspended particulate matter USE: Anchorages Siliceous rocks Thermal decomposition RT: Basement rock Turbidity Robots Lithogenesis Water mixing BT: Electronic equipment Outcrops RT: Automation Petrogenesis River valleys Computers Petrology UF: Stream valleys Manipulators Rock deformation BT: Valleys Remote control Rock mechanics RT: Alluvial terraces Rocky shores Flood plains Rock deformation Fluvial features BT: Deformation Rocky reefs Fluvial morphology NT: Diapirism USE: Reefs River basins RT: Faults Rivers Folds Rocky shores Thalweg Rock mechanics BT: Coastal landforms Rocks RT: Coasts River water Rocks BT: Water Rock density RT: Rivers USE: Sediment density Roe fisheries BT: Fisheries RT: Roes

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Roes RT: Baroclinic instability RT: Rubidium isotopes SN: Gonads of fish or invertebrates Beta-plane marketed in various ways and Coriolis parameters Rubidium isotopes usually referred to by individual Planetary waves BT: Isotopes species, e.g. cod roe, salmon roe, etc. Rossby number RT: Rubidium UF: Fish roe Rubidium-strontium dating Hard roe Rossby waves Invertebrate roe USE: Planetary waves Rubidium-strontium dating Milt BT: Radiometric dating Soft roe Rotary currents RT: Rubidium isotopes BT: Processed fishery products BT: Tidal currents Strontium isotopes NT: Caviar RT: Coriolis force RT: Roe fisheries Current ellipses Rudites RT: Boulder clay Roll resonance Rotating fluids Boulders BT: Resonance BT: Fluids Breccia RT: Buoy motion effects RT: Fluid motion Cobblestone Rolling Vortices Pebbles

Roll response Rotation Runnels BT: Dynamic response BT: Motion BT: Beach features RT: Buoy motion effects NT: Earth rotation RT: Beaches Rolling RT: Anticyclonic motion Channels Cyclonic motion Rollers Plate motion Running water culture BT: Swell Plate tectonics USE: Raceway culture RT: Breakers Polar wandering Shoaling waves Vorticity Runoff SN: Water derived from atmospheric Rolling Rotenone precipitation which reaches streams BT: Ship motion RT: Toxicants and rivers. The term must not be RT: Buoy motion effects confused in this thesaurus with Roll resonance Rough fish RIVER DISCHARGE Roll response USE: Trash fish BT: Drainage water Yawing NT: Agricultural runoff Roughness Stormwater runoff Root systems SN: Use of a more specific term is Urban runoff USE: Roots recommended RT: Catchment area BT: Surface properties Rainfall Roots NT: Bed roughness Waste water UF: Root systems Surface roughness Watersheds BT: Plant organs RT: Friction RT: Rhizomes Runoff from agricultural land ROVs USE: Agricultural runoff Rope USE: Unmanned vehicles USE: Ropes Rural development Row boats UF: Development (rural) Ropes SN: Before 1982 search BOATS RT: Urbanization UF: Rope BT: Boats NT: Fibre rope (natural) Rust Fibre rope (synthetic) Rubber USE: Corrosion Wire rope SN: Rubber as a material used in RT: Cables the aquatic environment. For Ruthenium Chain rubber cements or adhesives use BT: Heavy metals Mooring lines ADHESIVES RT: Ruthenium isotopes Nets BT: Materials Towing lines Ruthenium isotopes Rubber (adhesives) BT: Isotopes Rossby number USE: Adhesives RT: Ruthenium RT: Coriolis force Dimensionless numbers Rubbish Rutile Inertia USE: Litter BT: Oxide minerals Ratios Rubblemound breakwaters RT: Heavy minerals Rossby parameter BT: Breakwaters Placers Titanium Rossby parameter Rubidium BT: Parameters BT: Alkali metals

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Sabkhas Saline fronts Salinity data UF: Salt flats BT: Fronts Salinity sections NT: Playas Salinity tables RT: Arid environments Saline intrusion Coastal lagoons RT: Ground water Salinity data Deserts Saline water BT: Hydrographic data Eolian deposits Salt wedges RT: Oceanographic data Evaporites Salt-wedge estuaries Salinity Salt deposits Water mass intrusions Salinity charts Supralittoral zone Salinity tables Saline water Saccharides SN: Water with high salt Salinity effects UF: Sugars concentration in inland water BT: Environmental effects BT: Carbohydrates bodies RT: Salinity NT: Monosaccharides UF: Salt water Salinity tolerance Polysaccharides BT: Water RT: Brines Salinity gradient energy conversion Sacrificial anodes Desalination USE: Salinity power BT: Anodes Saline intrusion RT: Cathodic protection Salt lakes Salinity gradients Salt marshes BT: Gradients Safety Sea water RT: Double diffusion USE: Health and safety Water properties Salinity Salinity power Safety devices Salinity Salinity profiles UF: Deck safety equipment BT: Chemical properties Salt fingers Safety equipment NT: Chlorinity BT: Equipment Chlorosity Salinity maximum layer RT: Accident prevention Palaeosalinity BT: Core layers (water) Alarm systems Surface salinity RT: Salinity Breathing apparatus RT: Abiotic factors Salinity minimum layer Deck equipment Cabbeling Salinity profiles Fire extinguishers Conservative properties Salinity sections Health and safety Desalination Life saving equipment Dissolved salts Salinity measurement Lifeboats Halocline BT: Measurement Protective clothing Hydroclimate RT: Refractive index Safety regulations In situ density Salinity Warning systems Isohalines Salinity measuring equipment Potential density Salinity tables Safety equipment Refractive index Standard sea water USE: Safety devices Response time Titration Salinity charts Water analysis Safety regulations Salinity data BT: Legislation Salinity effects Salinity measuring equipment NT: Diving regulations Salinity gradients BT: Measuring devices RT: Accident prevention Salinity maximum layer NT: Salinometers Evacuation Salinity measurement RT: Conductivity sensors Fire prevention Salinity measuring equipment CTD profilers Health and safety Salinity microstructure Salinity Quarantine regulations Salinity minimum layer Salinity measurement Radiation protection Salinity power STD profilers Safety devices Salinity profiles Salinity scales Salinity microstructure Sailing Salinity sections SN: Variations in the distribution USE: Boating Salinity tolerance of salinity on a scale of 10 cm or Salt flux less Sailing ships Sea water BT: Microstructure BT: Ships Sigma-T RT: Salinity NT: Yachts T/S diagrams RT: Rigging Water density Salinity minimum layer Sails Water types BT: Core layers (water) RT: Salinity Sails Salinity charts Salinity maximum layer BT: Propulsion systems BT: Hydrographic charts Salinity profiles RT: Sailing ships RT: Isohalines Salinity sections Salinity

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Salinity power Salinity-temperature-depth profilers Salt flats SN: Power derived from the osmotic USE: STD profilers USE: Sabkhas pressure difference between two bodies of water of differing salinities Salinity-temperature-depth profiles Salt flux UF: Salinity gradient energy USE: STD profiles RT: Dissolved salts conversion Salinity BT: Power from the sea Salinization Salt budget RT: Osmotic pressure SN: The accumulation of soluble salts Salinity at the surface or at some point below Salt lakes Salinity gradients the surface of the soil profile to BT: Lakes levels that have negative effects on RT: Dissolved salts Salinity profiles plant growth and/or on soils. Playas BT: Vertical profiles Saline water RT: CTD profilers Salinometers Salt deposits Salinity BT: Salinity measuring equipment Salinity gradients Salt marshes Salinity maximum layer Salmon fisheries BT: Marshes Salinity minimum layer UF: Trout fisheries RT: Progradation Salinity sections BT: Finfish fisheries Saline water STD profilers RT: Lake fisheries Tidal flats River fisheries Salt nuclei Salinity scales UF: Sea salt nuclei NT: Practical salinity scale Salmon nests BT: Salt particles RT: Salinity USE: Redds Salt particles Salinity sections Salt advection BT: Atmospheric particulates BT: Hydrographic sections UF: Salt transport NT: Salt nuclei RT: Isohalines BT: Advection Salinity RT: Conservation of salt Salt spray Salinity charts Salt budget USE: Spray Salinity maximum layer Salinity minimum layer Salt budget Salt transport Salinity profiles RT: Conservation of salt USE: Salt advection Salinity stratification Dissolved salts Vertical distribution Salt advection Salt water Salt flux USE: Saline water Salinity stratification Water budget UF: Stratification (salinity) Salt water wedges BT: Stratification Salt deposits USE: Salt wedges RT: Density stratification RT: Evaporites Halocline Playas Salt wedges Salinity sections Sabkhas UF: Salt water wedges Salt-wedge estuaries Salt lakes RT: Estuarine dynamics Sediments Saline intrusion Salinity tables Subsurface deposits Salt-wedge estuaries BT: Oceanographic tables RT: Salinity charts Salt domes Saltation Salinity data BT: Structural domes RT: Bed load Salinity measurement RT: Anticlines Particle motion Cap rocks Sediment transport Salinity temperature depth profiles Diapirism Suspension USE: STD profiles Diapirs Domes Salting Salinity tolerance USE: Curing BT: Tolerance Salt finger convection RT: Amphihaline species USE: Double diffusion Salts Estuarine organisms UF: Mineral salts Euryhalinity Salt fingering NT: Carboxylic acid salts Indicator species USE: Double diffusion Dissolved salts Osmoregulation RT: Carbonates Salinity Salt fingers Chemical compounds Salinity effects RT: Dissolved salts Conservation of salt Stenohalinity Double diffusion Cyanides Interface phenomena Desalination Salinity-temperature-depth observations Microstructure Halogen compounds USE: STD observations Salinity gradients Mineral resources Transport processes Nitrates

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Nitrites Samples Silt Phosphates NT: Geological samples Soils Water samples Salts extraction RT: Sample contamination Sand banks USE: Demineralization Sample storage BT: Banks (topography) Sampling Bed forms Saltwater shrimp culture RT: Mud banks USE: Shrimp culture Sampling Shoals SN: Use of a more specific term is Submarine banks Salt-wedge estuaries recommended BT: Estuaries UF: Sampling methods Sand bars RT: Halocline Sampling techniques BT: Bed forms River plumes NT: Air sampling RT: Nearshore bars Saline intrusion Biological sampling Sand Salinity stratification Seafloor sampling Shoals Salt wedges Sediment sampling Turbulent entrainment Statistical sampling Sand dunes (subaerial) Water sampling USE: Dunes Salvage RT: Census USE: Salvaging Sample contamination Sand patches Sample storage BT: Bed forms Salvage equipment Samplers RT: Sand BT: Equipment Samples Transverse bed forms RT: Lifting tackle Surveying Salvaging Sand pits Water pumps Sampling (biological) USE: Pits USE: Biological sampling Salvaging Sand ribbons SN: Before 1986 search also Sampling (statistical) BT: Bed forms SALVAGE USE: Statistical sampling RT: Sand UF: Recovery of wrecks Salvage Sampling devices Sand ripples Wreck recovery USE: Samplers UF: Ripples (sand) RT: Locating Wave sand ripples Removal Sampling methods BT: Bed forms Salvage equipment USE: Sampling RT: Beach features Search and rescue Ripple marks Wrecks Sampling techniques Transverse bed forms USE: Sampling Samarium Sand structures BT: Lanthanides Sanctuaries BT: Artificial islands RT: Samarium isotopes SN: Areas reserved for the protection of particular species of animals Sand transport Samarium isotopes during part or all of the year USE: Sediment transport BT: Isotopes RT: Freshwater parks RT: Samarium Marine parks Sand traps Nature conservation USE: Sediment traps Sample contamination Refuges UF: Contamination of samples Sand waves RT: Sample storage Sand UF: Megaripples Samples BT: Clastics Waves (sand) Sampling RT: Aggregates BT: Bed forms Arenites RT: Dunes Sample storage Beaches Transverse bed forms BT: Storage Berms Wave slope RT: Core handling Dunes Sample contamination Epipsammon Sandstone Samples Gravel BT: Clastics Sampling Meiobenthos Sedimentary rocks Psammon NT: Oil sands Samplers Sand bars RT: Arenites UF: Sampling devices Sand patches Eolian deposits NT: Sediment samplers Sand ribbons Graywacke Water samplers Sandstone Sand RT: Collecting devices Sediment load Siliceous rocks Oceanographic equipment Sediment texture Sampling Silicates

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Sandy beaches Sarcoma Satellite-aided sensing USE: Beaches USE: Tumours BT: Geosensing RT: Infrared imagery Sanitary engineering Sardine fisheries Microwave imagery BT: Engineering USE: Clupeoid fisheries Radio oceanography RT: Hygiene Satellite mosaics Sewage disposal Sardinella fisheries Satellite photography Sewage ponds USE: Clupeoid fisheries Satellites Sewage treatment Sludge treatment Sashimi Satellite-aided navigation Waste disposal SN: Sliced fish and shellfish USE: Satellite navigation Waste treatment served raw Waste water BT: Fishery products Satellite-aided sensing Wastewater treatment USE: Satellite sensing Water filtration Satellite altimetry Water pollution treatment UF: Satellite-borne radar altimetry Satellite-borne radar altimetry Water purification BT: Altimetry USE: Satellite altimetry RT: Geoid Saponins Radar altimetry Satellites BT: Glycosides Sea level measurement UF: Artificial satellites Surface topography Satellites (artificial) Saponite Wave measurement NT: Communication satellites BT: Clay minerals Navigational satellites Satellite communication Scientific satellites Saprobionts BT: Communication RT: Astronomy SN: Organisms feeding on RT: Communication satellites Electronic equipment decaying organic matters Telemetry Satellite sensing UF: Saprophagic organisms Saprophytes Satellite imagery Satellites (artificial) Saprozoic organisms USE: Satellite sensing USE: Satellites Saprozoites Satellite mosaics Satellite-tracked buoys Sapropelite SN: Satellite-sensed images USE: Drifting data buoys USE: Sapropels assembled to form a continuous picture of portions of the Earth's Saturated hydrocarbons Sapropels surface UF: Aliphatic hydrocarbons SN: Black or brown sediments UF: Satellite photographs Alkanes made up of organic debris. BT: Audiovisual materials BT: Hydrocarbons Before 1982 search SAPROPEL RT: Aerial photographs NT: Acyclic hydrocarbons UF: Sapropelite Infrared imagery Alicyclic hydrocarbons BT: Organic sediments Microwave imagery RT: Anoxic sediments Satellite photography Saturation Detritus Satellite sensing UF: Saturation index Hydrocarbons NT: Supersaturation Oozes Satellite navigation RT: Condensation Peat UF: Satellite position fixing Evaporation Stagnant water Satellite-aided navigation Saturation depth Suspended organic matter BT: Navigation Solubility Position fixing Solutions Saprophagic organisms RT: Navigational satellites USE: Saprobionts Saturation depth Satellite photographs RT: Saturation Saprophytes USE: Satellite mosaics Water depth USE: Saprobionts Satellite photography Saturation diving Saproplankton UF: Visible and near-infrared BT: Diving SN: Plankton found on the surface imagery RT: Breathing mixtures of stagnant water, developing on BT: Aerial photography Decompression decaying organic matter RT: Multispectral scanners Diving bells BT: Zooplankton Satellite mosaics Diving suits Satellite sensing Working underwater Saprozoic organisms USE: Saprobionts Satellite position fixing Saturation index USE: Satellite navigation USE: Saturation Saprozoites USE: Saprobionts Satellite sensing Saturation vapour pressure UF: Satellite imagery USE: Vapour pressure

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Scad fisheries Scatterance meters Scientific personnel USE: Carangid fisheries BT: Light measuring instruments SN: Before 1986 search also RT: Scattering coefficient SCIENTISTS Scale formation Volume scattering function UF: Research workers USE: Scaling Researchers Scattering (light) Scientific research workers Scale models USE: Light scattering Scientific researchers UF: Laboratory models Scientists Physical models Scattering (sound) BT: Personnel BT: Models USE: Sound scattering NT: Biologists NT: Hydraulic models Ecologists Ship models Scattering (water waves) Freshwater scientists RT: Audiovisual materials USE: Wave scattering Geologists Mathematical models Information scientists Scattering coefficient Marine scientists Scale reading UF: Total scattering coefficient Meteorologists BT: Age determination BT: Optical properties Statisticians RT: Scales RT: Light scattering Veterinarians Scatterance meters RT: Consultants Scales Experts UF: Dermal denticles Scattering layers Technicians Fish scales UF: Deep scattering layers BT: Exoskeleton Sound scattering layers Scientific research RT: Integumentary system BT: Discontinuity layers USE: Research Scale reading RT: Echosounding Scientific research workers Scaling Scattering loss USE: Scientific personnel SN: Lime or other scale formation USE: Transmission loss on structures and equipment Scientific researchers UF: Scale formation Scatterometers USE: Scientific personnel NT: Liming BT: Measuring devices RT: Fouling RT: Backscatter Scientific satellites Microwaves UF: Meteorological satellites Scallop culture Radar imagery Oceanographic satellites SN: Before 1982 search Remote sensing equipment BT: Satellites MOLLUSC CULTURE Synthetic aperture radar RT: Geosensing BT: Mollusc culture Scavengers Scientists Scallop fisheries SN: Animals feeding on dead USE: Scientific personnel UF: Pecten fisheries animal material BT: Mollusc fisheries BT: Heterotrophic organisms Scooping gear RT: Coastal fisheries USE: Lift-nets Schistosomiasis Scandium BT: Parasitic diseases Scorpionfish fisheries BT: Nonmetals USE: Redfish fisheries Transition elements Schists RT: Scandium isotopes BT: Metamorphic rocks Scottish seines NT: Greenschists USE: Boat seines Scandium isotopes BT: Isotopes Scholarships Scour and fill RT: Scandium USE: Fellowships BT: Sedimentary structures RT: Current scouring Scanning electron microscopy Schooling behaviour Scouring USE: Electron microscopy SN: Swarming, herding and flocking of any aquatic population Scour hollows Scarps BT: Social behaviour BT: Bed forms USE: Escarpments RT: Feeding behaviour RT: Current scouring Protective behaviour Scars Scour marks USE: Lesions Schools BT: Current marks USE: Education establishments RT: Current scouring Scatter diagrams BT: Statistical tables Scientific logbooks Scour protection RT: Regression analysis USE: Logbooks BT: Protection RT: Artificial seaweed Pipeline protection Scouring

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Scouring Sea farming Palaeoshorelines SN: Use of a more specific term is USE: Marine aquaculture Raised beaches recommended Regressions BT: Erosion Sea fisheries Sea level NT: Current scouring USE: Marine fisheries Sea level measurement Iceberg scouring Solar-terrestrial activity Wave scouring Sea floor Strandlines RT: Bottom currents USE: Ocean floor Transgressions Deterioration Failures Sea floor topography Sea level data Scour and fill USE: Bottom topography USE: Sea level Scour protection Wind abrasion Sea fog Sea level measurement USE: Fog SN: Before 1984 search also SEA SCP LEVEL MEASURING USE: Single cell proteins Sea grass BT: Water level measurement Screening SN: Species of embryophytes RT: Bench marks RT: Filtration living in marine coastal waters Satellite altimetry Screens UF: Seagrass Sea level BT: Marine plants Sea level changes Screens Seaweeds Surface topography UF: Fish screens NT: Artificial sea grass RT: Aquaculture equipment Sea level pressure Fishways Sea ice BT: Atmospheric pressure Screening BT: Ice RT: High pressure systems RT: Brines Sea level Scuba diving Fast ice Southern oscillation SN: Before 1982 search DIVING Floating ice Weather UF: Skin diving Ice breaking Winds BT: Diving Ice fields RT: Breathing apparatus Ice rafting Sea level records Breathing mixtures Ocean-ice-atmosphere system USE: Sea level Sea water Sea bass culture Sea level slope USE: Fish culture Sea law USE: Surface slope USE: Law of the sea Sea bass fisheries Sea level variations USE: Marine fisheries Sea level USE: Sea level changes SN: Height or level of the sea Sea bed surface Sea mist USE: Ocean floor UF: Half tide level USE: Fog Sea level data Sea blooms Sea level records Sea salt nuclei USE: Algal blooms Still water level USE: Salt nuclei BT: Water levels Sea breezes NT: Isostatic sea level Sea sickness SN: Blowing from sea to land. Mean sea level UF: Motion sickness Before 1995 search also LAND Steric sea level BT: Human diseases AND SEA BREEZES RT: Datum levels RT: Ship motion UF: Lake breezes Hypsometry BT: Breezes Polders Sea smoke RT: Land breezes Quaternary USE: Fog Monsoons Sea level changes Sea level measurement Sea snail fisheries Sea caves Sea level pressure USE: Gastropod fisheries USE: Caves Southern oscillation Surface slope Sea spray Sea clutter Surface topography USE: Spray USE: Surface clutter Tides Sea state Sea coast Sea level changes RT: Environmental conditions USE: Coasts SN: Before 1995 search also SEA Sea state scales Sea cucumber fisheries LEVEL VARIATIONS Surface water waves USE: Echinoderm fisheries UF: Sea level variations Wave climate BT: Long-term changes Wave predicting Sea fans NT: Eustatic changes Weather USE: Deep-sea fans RT: Climatic changes

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Sea state scales Sea-air exchanges Seabights UF: Douglas scale USE: Air-water exchanges BT: Submarine features RT: Beaufort scale Seabream fisheries Sea state Seabed USE: Percoid fisheries Surface water waves USE: Ocean floor Seachannels Sea states (countries) Seabed acoustic position fixing BT: Bed forms USE: Coastal states USE: Navigation underwater Channels NT: Deep-sea channels Sea surface Seabed conventions RT: Abyssal plains BT: Surfaces UF: Seabed treaties Bottom erosion RT: Air-sea interaction BT: International agreements Deep-sea fans Air-water interface RT: Law of the sea Levees Surface chemistry Ocean policy Microtopography Surface films Undersea warfare Surface microlayer Seacoast Surface properties Seabed deposits USE: Coasts Surface radiation temperature BT: Mineral deposits Surface salinity NT: Aggregates Seafloor mapping Surface slope Ferromanganese nodules BT: Mapping Surface temperature Phosphorite nodules RT: Bathymetry Surface topography Placers Echosounding Surface water waves RT: Deep-sea mining Geological surveys Metalliferous sediments Ocean floor Sea surface clutter Nodules Sediment sampling USE: Surface clutter Nonrenewable resources Sonographs Sulphide deposits Swaths Sea surface salinity Underwater exploration USE: Surface salinity Seabed drifters BT: Subsurface drifters Seafloor sampling Sea surface slope RT: Bottom currents UF: Bottom sampling USE: Surface slope Seabed sampling Seabed engineering BT: Sampling Sea surface temperature USE: Offshore engineering RT: Benthos collecting devices USE: Surface temperature Dredges (geology) Seabed farming Drilling Sea surface topography USE: Bottom culture Geological surveys USE: Surface topography Ocean floor Seabed foundations Penetrometers Sea urchin fisheries USE: Foundations Sediment sampling USE: Echinoderm fisheries Surveying underwater Seabed habitats Sea walls USE: Underwater habitats Seafloor spreading BT: Coast defences UF: Spreading rate RT: Breakwaters Seabed photographs RT: Continental drift Ice loads USE: Bottom photographs Fracture zones Wave runup Magnetic anomalies Seabed protection Mantle convection Sea water BT: Protection Median valleys UF: Marine water RT: Artificial seaweed Mid-ocean ridges Ocean water Moho Seawater Seabed samplers Ocean floor BT: Water USE: Sediment samplers Palaeomagnetism NT: Dense water Plate tectonics Fossil sea water Seabed sampling Rifting Standard sea water USE: Seafloor sampling Spreading centres RT: Artificial seawater Desalination Seabed treaties Seafood Marine environment USE: Seabed conventions BT: Human food Relative density RT: Processed fishery products Saline water Seabed vehicles Shellfish Salinity UF: Bottom crawlers Sea ice Crawlers Seafood products Seawater evolution BT: Unmanned vehicles USE: Fishery products RT: Self-propelled vehicles Sea water conversion Tethered vehicles Seagrass USE: Desalination USE: Sea grass

237 ASFA THESAURUS

Seagrass resources Seasonal distribution Seawater evolution USE: Botanical resources SN: Before 1982 search UF: Evolution (seawater) TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION History of sea water Seakeeping BT: Temporal distribution RT: Atmosphere evolution USE: Ship motion RT: Migrations Geochemistry Seasonal variations Sea water Seaknolls Seasonality UF: Knolls (submarine) Seaweed BT: Submarine features Seasonal thermocline USE: Seaweeds BT: Thermocline Sealing RT: Metalimnion Seaweed (artificial) USE: Seals (stoppers) Seasonal variations USE: Artificial seaweed

Seals (stoppers) Seasonal thermocline (lakes) Seaweed culture UF: Oil seals USE: Metalimnion SN: Methods and techniques for Sealing culture and harvesting of RT: Leaks Seasonal variations seaweeds SN: Changes between successive UF: Seaweed farming Seamanship seasons BT: Plant culture RT: Navigation UF: Seasonal changes RT: Brackishwater aquaculture Ship handling Within-year variations Marine aquaculture Station keeping BT: Periodic variations Off-bottom culture RT: Annual variations Seaweed industry Seamount chains Horizontal distribution Seaweeds BT: Submarine features Phenology RT: Hot spots Regional variations Seaweed farming Seamounts Seasonal distribution USE: Seaweed culture Submarine volcanoes Seasonal thermocline Seasonality Seaweed harvesting Seamounts Seasons BT: Harvesting SN: Elevations of sea floor, usually Vertical distribution RT: Seaweed industry volcanic, which may form islands Seaweed processing BT: Submarine features Seasonality Seaweed products NT: Guyots SN: Before 1982 search also Seaweed statistics RT: Mountains SEASONAL VARIATIONS Seaweeds Seamount chains BT: Periodicity RT: Seasonal distribution Seaweed industry Seaquakes Seasonal variations SN: Including any industries of RT: Earthquakes Seasons seaweed products obtained by handling or processing methods. Search and rescue Seasons BT: Industries UF: Rescue SN: Use of a more specific term is NT: Seaweed processing RT: Accidents recommended Seaweed products Diving NT: Autumn RT: Seaweed culture Emergency vessels Cold season Seaweed harvesting Locating Dry season Salvaging Rainy season Seaweed meal Survival at sea Spring USE: Alginates Underwater object location Summer Winter Seaweed processing Seas RT: Climate SN: Processing of marine plants USE: Oceans Climatic zones and marine plant products Climatology BT: Processing fishery products Seashells Seasonal variations Seaweed industry USE: Shells Seasonality RT: Seaweed harvesting Spawning seasons Seaweed products Seashore ecology Seaweeds USE: Marine ecology Seawall wright effect USE: Genetic drift Seaweed products Season regulations BT: Processed fishery products UF: Closed seasons Seawater Seaweed industry Fishing seasons USE: Sea water NT: Agar BT: Fishery regulations Alginates RT: Permits Seawater conversion Carrageenins USE: Desalination RT: Seaweed harvesting Seasonal changes Seaweed processing USE: Seasonal variations Seaweeds

238 ASFA THESAURUS

Seaweed resources Secretory products Sediment collections USE: Botanical resources Venom apparatus SN: Collections of sediment samples obtained mainly by Seaweed statistics Secretory products coring SN: Tabulation of harvested macro NT: Hormones BT: Collections algae from natural beds or Mucus RT: Sediment sampling artificial culture Semen Sediments BT: Catch statistics RT: Secretion RT: Aquaculture statistics Secretory organs Sediment composition Seaweed harvesting BT: Composition Seaweeds Secular fluctuations RT: Sediment analysis USE: Long-term changes Sediment chemistry Seaweeds Sediment texture SN: Any macro-algae of marine Security environment, mainly species of SN: Use for national defence, and Sediment density coastal region for protective measures for UF: Rock density UF: Seaweed drilling platforms, fishing fleets BT: Density BT: Marine organisms etc. against terrorism and Sediment properties Marine plants sabotage NT: Wet bulk density Weeds UF: Defence RT: Sediment analysis NT: Kelps RT: Defence craft Sediments Sea grass Military operations RT: Artificial seaweed Protection vessels Sediment deposition Holdfasts Surveillance and enforcement USE: Sedimentation Seaweed culture Seaweed harvesting Sedentary organisms Sediment distribution Seaweed processing USE: Sessile species SN: Geographic distribution of Seaweed products bottom sediments Seaweed statistics Sedentary resources BT: Distribution Terpenes USE: Sedentary species RT: Bottom topography Geographical distribution Secchi discs Sedentary species Geological maps BT: Light measuring instruments UF: Sedentary resources Sediments BT: Species Secondary production RT: Migratory species Sediment drifts BT: Biological production Sessile species UF: Sediment ridges RT: Predators BT: Bed forms Primary production Sediment analysis RT: Bottom currents Zooplankton SN: Analysis of sediments for Deposition features determination of organic and Soil mechanics Secondary sedimentary structures inorganic components including USE: Sedimentary structures minerals Sediment dynamics BT: Analysis BT: Dynamics Secondary sex characteristics NT: Core analysis RT: Bottom stress USE: Secondary sexual characters RT: Chemical analysis Channel flow Gravimetric techniques Particle motion Secondary sexual characters Hydrocarbon analysis Sediment movement UF: Secondary sex characteristics Pollution detection Sediment stability BT: Sex characters Sediment chemistry Sediment transport RT: Sexual dimorphism Sediment composition Sediment density Sediment flow Secondary waves Sediment pollution USE: Sediment gravity flows USE: S-waves Sediment properties Sediment samplers Sediment gravity flows Secretion Sediment samples UF: Sediment flow NT: Lactation Sediment structure BT: Sediment movement Neurosecretion Sediment texture NT: Fluidized sediment flow RT: Byssus Sediments Grain flow Excretion Turbidity currents Hormones Sediment chemistry Secretory organs BT: Geochemistry Sediment load Secretory products RT: Biogeochemistry NT: Bed load Chemical properties Suspended load Secretory organs Mineralogy RT: Clays NT: Glands Sediment analysis Gravel Stomach Sediment composition Sand RT: Secretion Sediment transport

239 ASFA THESAURUS

Sediment mixing Dredges (geology) Sediment temperature UF: Mixing (sediments) Drills SN: Gradient or temperature fluxes NT: Bioturbation Grabs in sediments Gas turbation Pore water samplers UF: Beach temperature RT: Mixing processes RT: Geological equipment BT: Sediment properties Sediment sorting Sediment analysis Temperature Sediments Sediment samples RT: Geothermal measurement Sediment sampling Heat flow Sediment movement Sediment traps Sediments BT: Motion Sediment-water interface NT: Mass movement Sediment samples Water temperature Sediment gravity flows UF: Rock samples RT: Particle motion BT: Geological samples Sediment temperature measurement Sediment dynamics NT: Cores USE: Geothermal measurement Sediment noise Dredged samples Sediment transport RT: Sediment analysis Sediment texture Sediments Sediment samplers SN: Description of particle size of Sediment sampling sediments Sediment noise BT: Sediment properties SN: Noise created by movement of Sediment sampling Texture sand and shingle due to currents UF: Rock sampling RT: Grain orientation and waves Soil sampling Grain packing BT: Ambient noise BT: Sampling Grain shape RT: Sediment movement NT: Coring Grain size Sediments RT: Mineral exploration Gravel Penetrometers Sand Sediment particle motion Seafloor mapping Sediment analysis USE: Particle motion Seafloor sampling Sediment composition Sediment collections Sediment structure Sediment permeability Sediment pollution Sediments USE: Permeability Sediment samplers Sediment samples Sediment transport Sediment pollution Surveying underwater UF: Sand transport SN: Pollution of sediments Sediment transport rate BT: Pollution Sediment size Subaqueous sediment transport RT: Chemical pollution USE: Grain size BT: Transport Groundwater pollution NT: Eolian transport Oil pollution Sediment sorting Fluvial transport Sediment analysis NT: Winnowing Glacial transport Sediment sampling RT: Grain size Longshore sediment transport Sediment-water interface Sediment mixing Mass gravity transport Sediments (sediments) Sediment properties Rafting UF: Geotechnical properties Sediment source region RT: Bed load Rock properties USE: Provenance Bottom stress Soil properties Channel flow BT: Properties Sediment sources Coastal erosion NT: Grain properties BT: Sediments Mass movement Sediment density Particle motion Sediment stability Sediment stability River plumes Sediment structure BT: Sediment properties Saltation Sediment temperature Stability Sediment dynamics Sediment texture RT: Sediment dynamics Sediment load RT: Penetration depth Settlement (structural) Sediment movement Physical properties Slope stability Sedimentation Pore pressure Soil mechanics Sediments Sediment analysis Shoaling Soil mechanics Sediment structure Suspended load Water content SN: Description of adhesive and Suspended particulate matter cementive properties of sediment Suspension Sediment ridges and sediment permeability and Tracers USE: Sediment drifts porosity Traction BT: Sediment properties Turbidity currents Sediment samplers RT: Sediment analysis Wave effects UF: Seabed samplers Sediment texture BT: Samplers Stratigraphy Sediment transport rate NT: Corers USE: Sediment transport

240 ASFA THESAURUS

Sediment traps NT: Bed forms UF: Sedimentary deposits UF: Sand traps Bedding structures NT: Alluvial deposits RT: Collecting devices Biogenic sedimentary structures Anoxic sediments Geological equipment Boudinage Authigenic minerals Particulate flux Flow structures Biogenic deposits Resuspended sediments Mud flats Carbonate sediments Sediment samplers Pillow structures Chemical sediments Silt meters Scour and fill Clastics Suspended particulate matter Slump structures Cohesionless sediments Turbidity current structures Cohesive sediments Sedimentary basins RT: Concretions Littoral deposits BT: Basins Erosion features Oxic sediments RT: Sedimentation Geological structures Pelagic sediments Structural basins Nodules Recent sediments Olistostromes Relict sediments Sedimentary deposits Sedimentation Resuspended sediments USE: Sediments Sediments Sediment sources Terrigenous sediments Sedimentary environments Sedimentation Volcanogenic deposits UF: Depositional environments SN: Before 1983 search also RT: Aggregates BT: Environments SEDIMENT DEPOSITION Allochthonous deposits RT: Deltaic sedimentation UF: Accumulation of sediments Argillaceous deposits Estuarine sedimentation Deposition (geology) Autochthonous deposits Fluvial sedimentation Freshwater sedimentation Biological rafting Glacial sedimentation Geological deposition Bioturbation Lacustrine sedimentation Marine sedimentation Catagenesis Lagoonal sedimentation Sediment deposition Cosmic dust Nearshore sedimentation NT: Deltaic sedimentation Detrital deposits Sediments Diagenesis Lithofacies Shelf sedimentation Estuarine sedimentation Melanges Fluvial sedimentation Oozes Sedimentary facies Glacial sedimentation Petrology BT: Facies Intertidal sedimentation Provenance Lacustrine sedimentation Salt deposits Sedimentary petrography Lagoonal sedimentation Sediment analysis USE: Petrology Nearshore sedimentation Sediment collections Pelagic sedimentation Sediment density Sedimentary rocks Shelf sedimentation Sediment distribution UF: Sediments (consolidates) RT: Accretion Sediment mixing BT: Rocks Biofacies Sediment movement NT: Boulders Chemical precipitation Sediment noise Cobblestone Decantation Sediment sorting Marlstone Erosion Sediment temperature Mudstone Provenance Sediment texture Sandstone Reef formation Sediment transport Shale Sediment transport Sedimentary environments Siltstone Sedimentary basins Sedimentary rocks RT: Carbonate rocks Sedimentary structures Sedimentary structures Evaporites Sedimentology Sedimentation Graywacke Sediments Sedimentology Gypsum Silting Sediment-water interface Ironstone Suspended particulate matter Soils Marl Stratigraphic correlation Phosphate rocks Sedimentology Tidal deposits Sediments BT: Geology Siliceous rocks RT: Diagenesis Sediments (consolidates) Slates Geomorphology USE: Sedimentary rocks Tephra Marine geology Mineralogy Sediments in suspension Sedimentary structures Palaeontology USE: Resuspended sediments SN: Features that originate within Sedimentation layers of sediments or along the Sediments Sediment-water exchanges sediment-water interface prior to RT: Gas exchange lithification Sediments Heat exchange UF: Olistoliths SN: Use of a more specific term is Heat flow Primary sedimentary structures recommended; consult terms Sediment-water interface Secondary sedimentary structures listed below

241 ASFA THESAURUS

Sediment-water interface Seeps Seismic data processing SN: Including chemical or physical USE: Seepages BT: Data processing phenomena occurring in the NT: Bright spot technology sediment-water interface Seiches RT: Convolution BT: Interfaces UF: Surges (seiches) Data reduction RT: Bed forms BT: Surface water waves Deconvolution Benthic environment NT: Harbour oscillations Seismic data Heat exchange RT: Dynamical oceanography Seismic deconvolution Heat flow Lake dynamics USE: Deconvolution Sediment pollution Standing waves Sediment temperature Surface gravity waves Seismic discontinuities Sediments Surges NT: Moho Sediment-water exchanges RT: Seismic layers Wave-seabed interaction Seine nets Seismic velocities BT: Fishing nets Seed (aquaculture) NT: Beach seines Seismic effects UF: Fish seed Boat seines USE: Seismic activity RT: Fingerlings RT: Seiners Fry Seining Seismic energy sources Larvae NT: Air guns Seed collection Seiners Sparkers Seeding (aquaculture) SN: Any type of vessel used in RT: Seismic arrays Spat seining or encircling operations Seismic equipment UF: Purse seiners Seismic exploration Seed collection BT: Fishing vessels Sound generators UF: Fish fry collection RT: Purse seines Spat collection Seine nets Seismic epicentres Spore collection Seining USE: Epicentres RT: Fry Surrounding nets Hatcheries Seismic equipment Seed (aquaculture) Seining BT: Geophysical equipment Seed production BT: Net fishing RT: Seismic arrays Seeding (aquaculture) NT: Purse seining Seismic energy sources Spores RT: Seine nets Seismic exploration Seiners Seismometers Seed production Surrounding nets Sonobuoys SN: Before 1982 search SEEDING Streamers (AQUACULTURE) Seismic activity RT: Batch culture SN: General phenomena of earth Seismic events Hatcheries movement and effects on aquatic USE: Earthquakes Seed collection environment and its exploitation. Seeding (aquaculture) Before 1983 search also SEISMIC Seismic exploration EFFECTS and SEISMICITY SN: Before 1983 search also Seeding (aquaculture) UF: Seismic effects SEISMIC PROFILING RT: Colonization Seismicity UF: Seismic methods Seed (aquaculture) RT: Earthquake loading Seismic profiling Seed collection Earthquakes BT: Geophysical exploration Seed production Environmental factors NT: Seismic reflection profiling Stocking (organisms) Ground motion Seismic refraction profiling Transplantation Seismic waves Sub-bottom profiling Seismic zones RT: Geological surveys Seedlings Seismology Seismic energy sources RT: Seeds Seismic equipment Seismic arrays Seismic profiles Seeds BT: Arrays Seismology RT: Germination RT: Acoustic arrays Seedlings Seismic energy sources Seismic layers Seismic equipment BT: Earth structure Seepages Layers SN: Use of a more specific term is Seismic attenuation NT: Low-velocity layer recommended SN: Seismic wave attenuation RT: Seismic discontinuities UF: Seeps BT: Attenuation Seismic velocities NT: Gas seepages RT: Seismic waves Oil seepages Seismic margins RT: Percolation Seismic data USE: Active margins Pollution BT: Geophysical data Seismic methods Water springs RT: Seismic data processing USE: Seismic exploration

242 ASFA THESAURUS

Seismic profiles Seismic refraction profiling Seismic propagation UF: Seismic sections Seismic stratigraphy Seismic reflection BT: Analog records Seismic velocities NT: Seismic reflection profiles Seismic refraction profiling Seismograms Seismic refraction profiles UF: Seismic refraction method Seismology RT: Bright spot technology BT: Profiling Wave properties Geological sections Seismic exploration Seismic exploration RT: Seismic refraction Seismic zones Seismic stratigraphy Seismic refraction profiles BT: Earth structure Vertical sections RT: Aseismic zones Seismic ridges Benioff zone Seismic profiling BT: Submarine ridges Seismic activity USE: Seismic exploration RT: Aseismic ridges Mid-ocean ridges Seismicity Seismic propagation USE: Seismic activity UF: Seismic wave propagation Seismic scattering RT: Ray paths RT: Seismic propagation Seismograms Seismic reflection Seismic reflection UF: Seismic records Seismic refraction Seismic refraction BT: Analog records Seismic scattering RT: Seismic waves Seismic waves Seismic sea waves Seismometers USE: Tsunamis Seismic ray path Seismographs USE: Ray paths Seismic sections USE: Seismometers USE: Seismic profiles Seismic records Seismology USE: Seismograms Seismic stratigraphy BT: Geophysics UF: Acoustic stratigraphy RT: Earthquakes Seismic reflection BT: Stratigraphy Epicentres UF: Seismic wave reflection RT: Seismic profiles Geomorphology BT: Reflection Seismic refraction profiles Ground motion RT: Seismic propagation Seismic activity Seismic reflection profiles Seismic tomography Seismic exploration Seismic reflection profiling BT: Stratigraphy Seismic waves Seismic scattering Seismometers Seismic waves Seismic velocities Tiltmeters UF: Wave velocity (seismic) Seismic reflection method BT: Velocity Seismometers USE: Seismic reflection profiling NT: Compressional wave velocities UF: Geophones Shear wave velocities Seismographs Seismic reflection profiles RT: Low-velocity layer Strain seismometers BT: Seismic profiles Moho BT: Measuring devices RT: Seismic reflection Seismic discontinuities NT: Ocean bottom seismometers Seismic reflection profiling Seismic layers RT: Accelerometers Seismic waves Seismic equipment Seismic reflection profiling Seismograms UF: Seismic reflection method Seismic wave propagation Seismology BT: Profiling USE: Seismic propagation Seismic exploration Selected ships RT: Seismic reflection Seismic wave reflection SN: Merchant vessels equipped to Seismic reflection profiles USE: Seismic reflection make basic meteorological and Sub-bottom profiling oceanographic observations Seismic wave refraction UF: Ships of opportunity Seismic refraction USE: Seismic refraction BT: Merchant ships UF: Seismic wave refraction RT: Weather ships BT: Refraction Seismic waves RT: Seismic propagation UF: Earth waves Selection (biological) Seismic refraction profiles Earthquake waves USE: Bioselection Seismic refraction profiling Long-period seismic waves Seismic scattering Waves (seismic) Selective breeding BT: Elastic waves BT: Breeding Seismic refraction method NT: Body waves RT: Aquaculture techniques USE: Seismic refraction profiling Microseisms Domestic species Surface seismic waves Genetics Seismic refraction profiles RT: Ray paths Hybrid culture BT: Seismic profiles Seismic activity Hybrids RT: Seismic refraction Seismic attenuation Intensive culture

243 ASFA THESAURUS

Selective feeding RT: Anchoring NT: Conductivity sensors BT: Artificial feeding Submersible platforms Current sensors pH sensors Selenium Semisubmersibles (drilling platforms) Pressure sensors BT: Heavy metals USE: Semisubmersible platforms Towed sensors RT: Selenium compounds Wave direction sensors Selenium isotopes Senescence RT: Electronic equipment USE: Biological aging Measuring devices Selenium compounds Oceanographic equipment BT: Chemical compounds Sense functions Radiometers RT: Selenium NT: Audition Recording equipment Olfaction Remote sensing equipment Selenium isotopes Photoreception Streamers BT: Isotopes Tactile functions Test equipment RT: Selenium Taste functions Vision Sensory receptors Self fertilization RT: Antennae USE: Receptors BT: Hermaphroditism Chemoreception RT: Animal reproductive organs Neurophysiology Separation Protandry Orientation behaviour NT: Centrifugation Sexual reproduction Sense organs Chemical extraction Stimuli Chemical precipitation Self pollination Decantation USE: Pollination Sense organs Desiccation BT: Animal organs Gas oil separation Self purification NT: Auditory organs Gas water separation SN: Natural self purification of Balance organs Oil water separation waters, sediments, organisms etc. Chemoreceptors RT: Adsorption UF: Depuration Lateral line Aeration Pollution self-control Mechanoreceptors Animal oil extraction RT: Aeration Olfactory organs Dehydration Aerobic bacteria Photoreceptors Desalination Biochemical oxygen demand Sense tentacles Diffusion Water purification Tactile organs Dispersion Taste organs Drying Self-propelled vehicles RT: Central nervous system Electrophoresis BT: Underwater vehicles Nervous tissues Gas processing NT: Untethered vehicles Neurophysiology Separation processes RT: Free-swimming vehicles Peripheral nervous system Turbulent entrainment Seabed vehicles Receptors Water purification Submersibles Sense functions Separation processes Semen Sense tentacles SN: Before 1982 search also BT: Secretory products BT: Sense organs SEPARATION RT: Sperm Tentacles NT: Demineralization Dialysis Semidiurnal tides Sensible heat Dissolution UF: Lunar semidiurnal tides BT: Heat Distillation Solar semidiurnal tides RT: Heat conduction Ion exchange BT: Tides Sensible heat transfer Leaching Osmosis Semi-enclosed seas Sensible heat flux Solvent extraction BT: Marginal seas USE: Sensible heat transfer RT: Oil treating RT: Embankments Separation Shelf seas Sensible heat transfer SN: Sensible heat flux across air- Septicaemia Seminars water interface and air-ice UF: Bacterial haemorrhagic USE: Conferences interface septicaemia UF: Sensible heat flux Septicemia Semisubmersible platforms BT: Heat exchange Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia SN: Towed or self-propelled RT: Bowen ratio BT: Infectious diseases structures partially submerged by Sensible heat RT: Fish diseases flooding. Before 1982 search Haematological diseases SEMISUBMERSIBLES Sensors Viral diseases UF: Semisubmersibles (drilling UF: Probes (instruments) platforms) Probes (sensors) Septicemia BT: Mobile platforms BT: Equipment USE: Septicaemia

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Sequence stratigraphy Seston Outfalls BT: Stratigraphy BT: Aquatic communities Sewage disposal RT: Plankton Sewage ponds Serine Suspended particulate matter Sewage treatment BT: Amino acids Sludge Set lines Waste water Serological studies USE: Lines UF: Serology Sewage disposal RT: Antigens Set nets UF: Sewage sludge disposal Blood USE: Gillnets BT: Waste disposal Electrophoresis RT: Sanitary engineering Haematology Setae Sewage Immunology SN: Slender, usually rigid bristles Sewage ponds Proteins or hairs Sewage treatment Serological taxonomy RT: Hair Serum Sewage effluents Settlement (biological) USE: Sewage Serological taxonomy USE: Biological settlement BT: Taxonomy Sewage outfalls RT: Electrophoresis Settlement (larvae) USE: Outfalls Proteins USE: Larval settlement Serological studies Sewage oxidation ponds Serum Settlement (structural) USE: Sewage ponds UF: Structural settlement Serology RT: Compaction Sewage ponds USE: Serological studies Failures UF: Oxidation lagoons Foundations Sewage oxidation ponds Serpentinite Geological hazards BT: Ponds BT: Metamorphic rocks Sediment stability RT: Sanitary engineering RT: Serpentinization Soil mechanics Sewage Structural engineering Sewage disposal Serpentinitization Structures Sewage treatment USE: Serpentinization Sludge Settling behaviour Waste disposal Serpentinization BT: Behaviour SN: Geological metamorphic process RT: Algal settlements Sewage sludge disposal involving heat and water in which Artificial substrata USE: Sewage disposal low-silica mafic and ultramafic rocks Biological settlement are oxidized and hydrolyzed with Colonization Sewage tanks water into serpentinite Larval settlement USE: Sewage treatment UF: Serpentinitization Substrata RT: Hydrothermal alteration Sewage treatment Metasomatism Settling rate UF: Sewage tanks Serpentinite UF: Settling velocity BT: Waste treatment Sinking rate NT: Bioaeration Serum BT: Velocity RT: Aeration BT: Body fluids RT: Particle motion Biodegradation NT: Antibodies Particle settling Chemical degradation RT: Haematology Particulate flux Chlorination Serological studies Stokes law Dechlorination Serological taxonomy Flocculation Settling velocity Sanitary engineering Serum albumins USE: Settling rate Sewage USE: Albumins Sewage disposal Serum globulins Setup (wind) Sewage ponds USE: Globulins USE: Wind setup Sludge treatment Wastewater treatment Sessile organisms Sewage Water filtration USE: Sessile species SN: Before 1982 search also SEWAGE EFFLUENTS Sex Sessile species UF: Sewage effluents UF: Gender UF: Sedentary organisms BT: Wastes NT: Females Sessile organisms RT: Domestic wastes Males BT: Species Drainage water RT: Sex characters RT: Benthos Effluents Sex determination Sedentary species Industrial wastes Sex hormones Substrata Organic wastes Sex ratio

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Sex reversal Sexual cells Sexual maturity Sexual behaviour BT: Cells Spawning Sexual reproduction NT: Eggs Spermatophores Sexual selection Gametes Viviparity Sperm Sex characteristics RT: Biological fertilization Sexual selection USE: Sex characters Genomes BT: Bioselection Oogenesis RT: Sex Sex characters Polyspermy Sexual dimorphism UF: Sex characteristics Sexual reproduction Sexual isolation Sex differences Zygotes Sexual differences Shading NT: Secondary sexual characters Sexual differences SN: Provision of shade, e.g. by RT: Animal reproductive organs USE: Sex characters plant cover Sex RT: Canopies Sexual dimorphism Plant utilization Sex composition UF: Dimorphism (sexual) USE: Sex ratio Sex dimorphism Shale RT: Biopolymorphism BT: Clastics Sex determination Organism morphology Sedimentary rocks SN: Physiological mechanisms Secondary sexual characters NT: Oil shale determining sex Sex determination RT: Lutites RT: Chromosomes Sexual maturity Hermaphroditism Sexual selection Shallow water Sex BT: Water Sex hormones Sexual glands RT: Continental shelves Sex reversal USE: Animal reproductive organs Deep water Sexual dimorphism Lagoons Sexual isolation Littoral zone Sex differences UF: Isolation (sexual) Marshes USE: Sex characters Reproductive isolation Reefs BT: Isolating mechanisms Shallow water tides Sex dimorphism RT: Breeding seasons Shallow water waves USE: Sexual dimorphism Sexual selection Shelf dynamics Shelf seas Sex hormones Sexual maturity Shoals SN: Any hormone having a UF: Maturation Surface water morphological or physiological BT: Biological properties Swamps effect upon the reproductive RT: Adults Water depth organs, secondary sex characters Breeding Wave refraction or sexual behaviour Fecundity UF: Androgens Gametogenesis Shallow water dynamics Estrogens Life cycle USE: Shelf dynamics Gonad hormones Ovulation Gonadotropic hormones Sexual dimorphism Shallow water tides BT: Hormones Sexual reproduction BT: Tides RT: Sex Spermatophores RT: Estuarine tides Sex determination Shallow water Sexual behaviour Sexual reproduction Tide-surge interaction SN: Natural or artificial sexual Sex ratio reproduction Shallow water waves UF: Sex composition BT: Reproduction UF: Long gravity waves BT: Population structure NT: Biological fertilization Long waves RT: Sex Parturition Long-period water waves RT: Animal reproductive organs Long-period waves Sex reversal Breeding BT: Water waves RT: Animal reproductive organs Conjugation NT: Cnoidal waves Sex Oviparity Solitary waves Sex determination Ovoviviparity Tidal bores Ovulation RT: Nonlinear waves Sexual behaviour Pollination Shallow water BT: Behaviour Polyspermy Storm surges RT: Reproductive behaviour Pregnancy Tidal waves Sex Self fertilization Tsunamis Sex hormones Sex Wave scouring Sexual reproduction Sexual behaviour Sexual cells

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Shape Shear modulus RT: Coastal countercurrents UF: Configuration UF: Rigidity modulus Coastal jets NT: Grain shape BT: Elastic constants Coastal oceanography RT: Contours RT: Bulk modulus Coastal upwelling Deformation Elasticity Coastal waters Dimensions Shear Continental shelves Morphometry Dynamical oceanography Size Shear probes Shallow water USE: Profilers Shelf currents Shaped charges Shelf edge fronts BT: Explosives Shear strength Shelf fronts BT: Strength Shelf seas Shared fishery resources RT: Bearing capacity Shelf waves USE: Shared stocks Cohesive sediments Tidal mixing Pore pressure Shared stocks Shear Shelf edge SN: Stocks of associated species Slope stability UF: Continental shelf break occurring within the EEZ of two Strain Continental shelf edge or more coastal states Stress (mechanics) BT: Submarine features UF: Shared fishery resources Tensile strength RT: Continental shelves Transboundary stocks Vane devices Continental slope BT: Stocks Vane shear testing Shelf edge dynamics RT: Allocation systems Shelf edge fronts Exclusive economic zone Shear stress Shelf seas UF: Shearing stress Shark attacks Tangential stresses Shelf edge dynamics BT: Diving hazards BT: Stress (mechanics) BT: Shelf dynamics RT: Bottom stress RT: Shelf edge Shark fisheries Couette flow Shelf fronts UF: Chimaeras fisheries Dynamic viscosity Slope processes Rays fisheries Reynolds stresses Skates fisheries Shear Shelf edge fronts BT: Finfish fisheries Torque BT: Shelf fronts Wind stress RT: Continental shelves Shark repellents Shelf dynamics USE: Fish repellents Shear wave velocities Shelf edge BT: Seismic velocities Shark utilization RT: S-waves Shelf facies BT: Fish utilization BT: Facies Shear waves RT: Shelf seas Shear USE: S-waves Shelf sedimentation NT: Current shear Vertical shear Shear zone Shelf fronts Wind shear RT: Fault zones BT: Oceanic fronts RT: Dynamic viscosity NT: Shelf edge fronts Shear flow Shearing stress RT: Shelf dynamics Shear modulus USE: Shear stress Shelf edge dynamics Shear strength Shelf seas Shear stress Shelf circulation USE: Shelf dynamics Shelf geology Shear flow BT: Marine geology BT: Fluid flow Shelf currents RT: Bed load NT: Stratified shear flow BT: Water currents Continental shelves Turbulent shear flow RT: Ocean currents Shelf seas RT: Dynamic viscosity Shelf dynamics Shelf sedimentation Mixing length Shelf waves Richardson number Shelf life Shear Shelf dynamics USE: Storage life Wave interactions UF: Coastal circulation Shallow water dynamics Shelf seas Shear flow instability Shelf circulation BT: Marginal seas USE: Kelvin-Helmholtz instability BT: Water circulation RT: Bottom currents NT: Bay dynamics Continental shelves Shear instability Estuarine dynamics Semi-enclosed seas USE: Kelvin-Helmholtz instability Fjord dynamics Shallow water Nearshore dynamics Shelf dynamics Shelf edge dynamics Shelf edge

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Shelf facies Echinoderm fisheries Ship behaviour Shelf fronts Mollusc fisheries USE: Ship motion Shelf geology RT: Marine fisheries Shelf sedimentation Shellfish catch statistics Ship canals Shellfish culture UF: Navigation canals Shelf sedimentation BT: Canals BT: Sedimentation Shellfish nutrition RT: Harbours RT: Bed load USE: Animal nutrition Interocean canals Continental shelves Navigational channels Sedimentary environments Shellfish poisoning (catching method) Shipping Shelf facies USE: Fish poisoning Shelf geology Ship design Shelf seas Shellfish poisoning (diarrhetic) BT: Design Tidal deposits USE: Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning RT: Ship hulls Ship models Shelf waves Shellfish poisoning (paralytic) Ship performance BT: Trapped waves USE: Paralytic shellfish poisoning Ship technology RT: Shelf currents Shelf dynamics Shells Ship drift SN: Description and composition UF: Drift (ships) Shellfish of exoskeletons of different BT: Drift SN: Common category which shellfish species and their use as RT: Dead reckoning includes shelled molluscs and commercial products Lagrangian current measurement crustaceans, especially those UF: Seashells Station keeping used as human food BT: Animal products UF: Crustaceans RT: Calcification Ship fittings Molluscs Conchology USE: Shipboard equipment BT: Aquatic animals Decalcification NT: Brackishwater molluscs Exoskeleton Ship handling Freshwater crustaceans Malacology BT: Handling Freshwater molluscs Mantle RT: Manoeuvrability Marine crustaceans Oozes Navigation Marine molluscs Shellfish Seamanship RT: Fish Seafood Sheltered environments Ship hulls Shellfish catch statistics USE: Sheltered habitats BT: Hulls Shellfish culture RT: Catamarans Shells Sheltered habitats Ship design UF: Sheltered environments Ship technology Shellfish catch statistics BT: Habitat SN: Catch tabulation in number or RT: Ecological zonation Ship losses weight of shellfish species Exposed habitats RT: Capsizing BT: Catch statistics Exposure tolerance Collisions RT: By catch Shelters Fire Shellfish Groundings Shellfish fisheries Shelters Wrecks SN: Natural or artificial underwater Shellfish culture shelters made for improvement of Ship models BT: Cultures the habitat or for fishing purposes BT: Scale models NT: Crustacean culture UF: Artificial shelters RT: Ship design Mollusc culture Underwater shelters Ship technology RT: Bottom culture RT: Artificial reefs Ships Brackishwater aquaculture Artificial spawning grounds Freshwater aquaculture Habitat improvement (physical) Ship mooring systems Intensive culture Sheltered habitats SN: To include systems for fixed Marine aquaculture and mobile platforms Off-bottom culture Shingle BT: Mooring systems Shellfish BT: Clastics NT: Single point moorings Shellfish fisheries RT: Beach ridges RT: Berthing Thermal aquaculture Pebbles Fenders Positioning systems Shellfish diseases Shingle beaches Ships USE: Fish diseases USE: Beaches Ship motion Shellfish fisheries Ship anchors UF: Seakeeping BT: Fisheries USE: Anchors Ship behaviour NT: Crustacean fisheries BT: Motion

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NT: Capsizing Ship models Merchant ships Heaving Ship motion Sailing ships Pitching Ship performance Supply boats Righting Ship stability Support ships Rolling Ships Tugs Surging Steering systems Weather ships Swaying Towed body design RT: Ship models Yawing Underwater vehicles Ship mooring systems RT: Buoy motion Ship motion Sea sickness Shipboard analysis Ship performance Ship stability SN: Use for analysis aboard Ship stability Ship technology research vessels Ship technology Ships BT: Water analysis Shipping Stabilizers Wakes Shipboard computers Ships logbooks Wave action USE: Computers USE: Logbooks Wave damping Wave effects Shipboard equipment Ships of opportunity Wave forces UF: Marine fittings USE: Selected ships Ship fittings Ship performance BT: Equipment Shoaling RT: Ship design RT: Diesel engines RT: Beach cusps Ship speed Propulsion systems Sediment transport Ship stability Thrusters Shoals Ship technology Waves on beaches Ships Shipborne wave recorders USE: Wave recorders Shoaling waves Ship routeing RT: Beach cusps UF: Weather routeing Shipbuilding Breaking waves NT: Ice routeing USE: Ship technology Rollers RT: Navigation Shoals Wave forecasting Shipping Waves on beaches Weather forecasting SN: Use only as a collective term in the context of transportation, Shoals Ship speed navigation, traffic on high seas, SN: Submerged ridges, banks, bars BT: Velocity trade, commerce, maritime law, and reefs constituting a danger RT: Ship performance etc. for navigation Wakes RT: Cargoes UF: Reefs (navigational hazard) Marine transportation BT: Submarine features Ship stability Navigation regulations RT: Groundings BT: Stability Ship canals Navigational hazards RT: Capsizing Shipping lanes Reefs Righting Ships Sand banks Ship motion Traffic management Sand bars Ship performance Shallow water Ship technology Shipping lanes Shoaling Ships SN: Routes used by merchant Shoaling waves Stabilizers vessels Submarine banks RT: Marine transportation Ship technology Shipping Shoots SN: Restrict use to publications Traffic management BT: Plant organs concerned with general aspects of the design and construction of Shipping noise Shore protection vessels and propulsion systems. BT: Ambient noise UF: Coast protection Before 1982 search RT: Surface noise Protection (coastal) SHIPBUILDING, MARINE BT: Coastal zone management ENGINEERING and NAVAL Shipping rules Environmental protection ARCHITECTURE USE: Navigation regulations RT: Beach erosion UF: Marine engineering Coast defences Naval architecture Ships Coastal engineering Naval engineering SN: Use of a more specific term is Coastal erosion Naval technology recommended. See also Coastal structures Shipbuilding SURFACE CRAFT Lake reclamation BT: Technology BT: Surface craft RT: Propulsion systems NT: Cable ships Shore stations Ship design Ice breakers USE: Inshore stations Ship hulls Lightships

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Shore whaling Shrimp nutrition Silica USE: Artisanal whaling USE: Animal nutrition UF: Silicon dioxide BT: Silicon compounds Shoreline erosion Shrimp spoilage RT: Cherts USE: Coastal erosion RT: Fish spoilage Cristobalite Processing fishery products Siliceous ooze Shoreline features Quality control Tholeiite USE: Coastal landforms Shrimp fisheries Silicate minerals Shorelines Sial BT: Minerals USE: Coasts UF: Granitic layer NT: Amphiboles BT: Earth crust Andalusite Short wave radiation RT: Continental crust Clay minerals USE: Solar radiation Sima Feldspars Garnet Short wave-long wave interactions Sibling species Kyanite UF: Long wave-short wave BT: Species Micas interactions RT: Evolution Olivine BT: Wave-wave interaction Genetics Opal RT: Surface water waves Pyroxenes Sickness Quartz Short-crested waves USE: Human diseases Quartzite BT: Surface water waves Titanite RT: Directional spectra Side fillets Tourmaline Long-crested waves USE: Fish fillets Zeolites Wave crests Zircon Wave direction Side scan sonar RT: Silicates BT: Active sonar Short-term changes RT: Gloria Silicates BT: Temporal variations Sonographs BT: Silicon compounds RT: Long-term changes NT: Iron silicates Prediction Siderite Magnesium silicates Short-term records BT: Carbonate minerals RT: Non-conservative properties Nutrients (mineral) Short-term planning Sigma-T Sand BT: Planning BT: Water density Silicate minerals RT: Long-term planning RT: Atmospheric pressure Silicic acid In situ density Silicon Short-term records In situ temperature BT: Records Potential density Siliceous ooze RT: Short-term changes Salinity UF: Ooze (siliceous) BT: Oozes Shrimp culture Signal processing NT: Diatom ooze SN: Before 1982 search BT: Data processing Radiolarian ooze CRUSTACEAN CULTURE RT: Fourier analysis RT: Silica UF: Marine shrimp culture Spectral analysis Siliceous sediments Saltwater shrimp culture Telemetry Shrimp farming Siliceous rocks BT: Crustacean culture Signal-to-noise ratio BT: Rocks RT: Mass culture BT: Ratios NT: Cherts Polyculture RT: Attenuation Diatomites Pond culture Electronic noise Porcellanite Radiolarite Shrimp farming Significant wave height RT: Sandstone USE: Shrimp culture BT: Wave height Sedimentary rocks RT: Significant waves Siliceous sediments Shrimp fisheries Wave forecasting UF: Cangronid fisheries Siliceous sediments Caridean shrimp fisheries Significant waves BT: Biogenic deposits Non penaeid shrimp fisheries BT: Surface water waves RT: Chemical sediments Palaemonid fisheries RT: Significant wave height Pelagic sediments Pandalid fisheries Wave height Siliceous ooze Penaeid shrimp fisheries Wave period Siliceous rocks Prawn fisheries Silicic acid BT: Crustacean fisheries Silage from fish BT: Inorganic acids RT: Lagoon fisheries USE: Fish silage RT: Silicates Shrimp spoilage Silicon compounds

250 ASFA THESAURUS

Silicification Silting Single point moorings RT: Chertification UF: Siltation SN: Restricted to ships Diagenesis RT: Sedimentation UF: Single anchor leg mooring Metasomatism Silt BT: Ship mooring systems RT: Articulated columns Silicon Siltstone Loading buoys BT: Nonmetals BT: Clastics RT: Silicates Sedimentary rocks Sinking Silicon compounds RT: Lutites RT: Collisions Silicon cycle Mudstone Suspended particulate matter Silicon isotopes Silt Slates Sinking rate Silicon compounds USE: Settling rate BT: Chemical compounds Silurian NT: Silica SN: Before 1982 search Sinusoidal waves Silicates SILURIAN PERIOD USE: Linear waves RT: Aluminium compounds BT: Palaeozoic Silicic acid Site evaluation Silicon Silver USE: Site selection Silicon cycle BT: Heavy metals Transition elements Site exploration Silicon cycle RT: Ferromanganese nodules USE: Site surveys BT: Nutrient cycles Metalliferous sediments RT: Silicon Silver compounds Site investigation Silicon compounds Silver isotopes USE: Site surveys

Silicon dioxide Silver compounds Site selection USE: Silica BT: Chemical compounds SN: Site selection and evaluation RT: Silver for aquaculture purposes, siting Silicon isotopes of power plants, fishing harbours BT: Isotopes Silver isotopes etc. RT: Silicon BT: Isotopes UF: Aquaculture sites RT: Silver Site evaluation Sill depth Sima BT: Evaluation BT: depth UF: Basaltic layer RT: Site surveys RT: Fjords BT: Earth crust Sills RT: Oceanic crust Site surveys Sial SN: Before 1986 search also SITE Sills INVESTIGATION BT: Submarine features Similarity index UF: Site exploration RT: Fjords USE: Species diversity Site investigation Sill depth BT: Surveys Submarine ridges Simulation RT: Geological surveys RT: Game theory Geophysical surveys Silo culture Modelling Hydrographic surveys BT: Aquaculture techniques Operations research Oceanographic surveys RT: Fish culture Prediction Site selection Intensive culture Simulators Surveying underwater System analysis Silt Sitosterols BT: Clastics Simulators USE: Sterols RT: Cohesionless sediments RT: Models Lutites Simulation Size Mud Training aids BT: Dimensions Sand NT: Grain size Silt meters Single anchor leg mooring Particle size Silting USE: Single point moorings RT: Area Siltstone Capacity Single cell culture Shape Silt meters USE: Phytoplankton culture Size distribution RT: Sediment traps Volume Silt Single cell proteins UF: ASCP Size composition Siltation SCP USE: Size distribution USE: Silting BT: Proteins RT: Bacteria Yeasts

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Size distribution Skull Slope processes SN: Length and weight frequencies BT: Bones RT: Cascading UF: Size composition RT: Brain Shelf edge dynamics BT: Population structure Head RT: Age composition Otoliths Slope stability Length-weight relationships UF: Soil stability Size Sky radiation BT: Stability USE: Solar radiation RT: Creep Size grading Landslides USE: Grading Slamming Mass movement USE: Wave forces Sediment stability Size selectivity Shear strength USE: Mesh selectivity Slates Slopes (topography) RT: Argillaceous deposits Slump structures Size-at-age Chlorite Slumping SN: Length or weight of the fish Metamorphic rocks Soil mechanics when it attains maturity Micas BT: Population structure Mudstone Slope water Sedimentary rocks BT: Water masses Size-at-first-maturity Siltstone SN: Length or weight of the fish Slopes (topography) when it attains maturity Slaughter NT: Beach slope BT: Population structure RT: Mortality causes Island slope RT: Continental slope Size-limit regulations Sleep Gradients BT: Fishery regulations RT: Hibernation Slope indicators RT: Mesh regulations Resting stages Slope stability Topographic features Size-weight relationships Slicks USE: Length-weight relationships NT: Oil slicks Sludge Windrows UF: Activated sludge Skates fisheries RT: Surface films Sludge (wastes) USE: Shark fisheries BT: Wastes Slicks (oil) RT: Mud Skeleton USE: Oil slicks Organic wastes BT: Anatomical structures Sewage Musculoskeletal system Slicks (surface) Sewage ponds NT: Endoskeleton USE: Surface films Sludge treatment Exoskeleton RT: Cartilage Slides Sludge (drilling fluids) Osteology BT: Mass movement USE: Drilling fluids NT: Landslides Skewness RT: Creep Sludge (ice) RT: Coefficients Slumping USE: Ice Kurtosis Statistical analysis Slides (photographic) Sludge (wastes) BT: Audiovisual materials USE: Sludge Skid mounted units RT: Filmstrips USE: Modules Graphics Sludge treatment BT: Waste treatment Skimmers (oil removal) Sliding RT: Aeration USE: Oil removal USE: Slumping Biodegradation Skin Chemical degradation UF: Ectoderm Slimicides Decantation Epidermis USE: Fungicides Sanitary engineering RT: Body walls Sewage treatment Epithelia Slope currents Sludge BT: Water currents Water filtration Skin diving USE: Scuba diving Slope environment Slump structures RT: Continental slope UF: Slumps Skin temperature BT: Sedimentary structures USE: Surface radiation Slope indicators RT: Olistostromes temperature UF: Inclinometers Slope stability BT: Measuring devices Slumping Skipjack tuna fisheries NT: Tiltmeters USE: Tuna fisheries RT: Slopes (topography)

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Slumping Surfactants Sofar floats UF: Sliding Water hardness BT: Swallow floats BT: Mass gravity transport (sediments) RT: Sofar RT: Continental slope Social aspects Creep USE: Sociological aspects Soft roe Earthquakes USE: Roes Erosion Social behaviour Flow structures BT: Behaviour Soil conservation Fluidization NT: Schooling behaviour BT: Conservation Geological hazards RT: Dominance hierarchies RT: Erosion control Slides Ecological aggregations Soil erosion Slope stability Group effects Soils Slump structures Social hierarchy Soil erosion Slumps USE: Dominance hierarchies BT: Erosion USE: Slump structures RT: Soil conservation Societies Soils Slurries USE: Organizations Wind erosion RT: Mud Pumping Socioeconomic aspects Soil mechanics Suspension RT: Globalization BT: Mechanics Sociological aspects RT: Cohesive sediments Small scale aquaculture Compaction UF: Artisanal aquaculture Sociological aspects Consolidation Subsistence aquaculture UF: Social aspects Creep RT: Aquaculture techniques Sociology Elastic constants Fish ponds RT: Demography Elasticity Socioeconomic aspects Geotechnology Small scale fishing Penetration depth USE: Artisanal fishing Sociology Rock mechanics USE: Sociological aspects Sediment drifts Smectite Sediment properties BT: Clay minerals Sodar Sediment stability UF: Acoustic surveys (atmosphere) Settlement (structural) Smoke Sonic Detection And Rangefinding Slope stability RT: Air pollution RT: Acoustic imagery Soils Atmospheric particulates Lidar Stress-strain relations Fire Meteorological instruments Trenching Remote sensing equipment Void ratio Smoked products USE: Cured products Sodium Soil properties BT: Alkali metals USE: Sediment properties Smoking RT: Sodium compounds USE: Curing Sodium isotopes Soil sampling USE: Sediment sampling Smolts Sodium chloride BT: Juveniles UF: Common salt Soil stability BT: Chlorides USE: Slope stability Smooth muscles Sodium compounds USE: Muscles RT: Evaporites Soils UF: Earth (soil) Snapper fisheries Sodium compounds RT: Gravel USE: Percoid fisheries BT: Alkali metal compounds Humus NT: Sodium chloride Mud Snow RT: Dissolved salts Sand BT: Atmospheric precipitations Sodium Sediments RT: Hail Soil conservation Ice Sodium isotopes Soil erosion Rain BT: Isotopes Soil mechanics Rainfall RT: Sodium Solar activity Snow crab fisheries Sofar UF: Sunspots USE: Crab fisheries UF: Sound Fixing And Rangefinding RT: Astronomy BT: Position fixing Solar constant Soaps RT: Sofar floats Solar radiation BT: Detergents Sound channels Solar-terrestrial activity RT: Domestic wastes Sun

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Solar cells Solar tides Solutes BT: Electric power sources SN: Before 1982 search also TIDES RT: Solubility RT: Solar power BT: Tides Solutions Solar radiation RT: Meteorological tides Solvents Sun Sun Tidal constituents Solution Solar constant Solar-terrestrial activity USE: Dissolution BT: Constants UF: Extraterrestrial interactions RT: Climatic changes RT: Climatic changes Solutions Solar activity Sea level changes NT: Brines Solar radiation Solar activity Hydrothermal solutions Sun Solar radiation RT: Buffers Sun Dissolution Solar diurnal tides Teleconnections Dissolved chemicals USE: Diurnal tides Temperature anomalies Dissolved gases Dissolved inorganic matter Solar eclipse Sole fisheries Dissolved organic matter UF: Eclipse (solar) USE: Flatfish fisheries Emulsions RT: Astronomy Exchange capacity Solar radiation Sole marks Saturation Sun USE: Current marks Solubility Solutes Solar power Solid gas hydrates Solvents BT: Energy resources USE: Gas hydrates RT: Renewable resources Solvation Solar cells Solid hydrocarbons NT: Hydration Solar radiation USE: Hydrocarbons Sun Solvent extraction Solid impurities BT: Separation processes Solar radiation UF: Solid wastes RT: Dissolution UF: Diffuse sky radiation BT: Pollutants Leaching Global radiation NT: Litter Net solar radiation Plastic debris Solvents Short wave radiation Tar balls BT: Agents Sky radiation RT: Flotsam RT: Dispersants BT: Electromagnetic radiation Dissolution NT: Reflected global radiation Solid wastes Oil removal RT: Albedo USE: Solid impurities Solubility Astronomy Solutes Climate Solidification Solutions Cloud cover BT: Phase changes Energy flow RT: Freezing Somatic mutations Infrared radiation Melting USE: Mutations Insolation Irradiance Solifluction Sonar Light USE: Creep UF: Asdic Light penetration Sonar equipment Photosynthesis Solitary waves Sonar systems Phototaxis BT: Shallow water waves BT: Remote sensing equipment Phototropism RT: Solitons NT: Active sonar Radiance Surface gravity waves Gloria Radiation balance Passive sonar Radiational tides Solitons RT: Acoustic equipment Radiative transfer RT: Solitary waves Acoustic navigation Solar activity Solubility Electronic equipment Solar cells BT: Chemical properties Radar Solar constant NT: Gas solubility Sonar arrays Solar eclipse RT: Chemical precipitation Sonar detection Solar power Dissolution Sonar imagery Solar-terrestrial activity Dissolved chemicals Sonar receivers Sun Dissolved gases Sonar targets Thermal radiation Leaching Sonar transducers Ultraviolet radiation Saturation Sound propagation Solutes Surveying equipment Solar semidiurnal tides Solutions Underwater equipment USE: Semidiurnal tides Solvents Supersaturation

254 ASFA THESAURUS

Sonar arrays RT: Hydrophones Sound channels BT: Acoustic arrays Passive sonar UF: Acoustic channels RT: Sonar Seismic equipment Channels (sound) RT: Acoustics Sonar buoys Sonograms Density stratification USE: Sonobuoys USE: Sonographs Sofar Sound velocity Sonar detection Sonographs Thermal stratification UF: Acoustic detection UF: Sonograms Sonar interception RT: Active sonar Sound diffraction BT: Detection Gloria UF: Acoustic wave diffraction RT: Echo integrators Insonification BT: Diffraction Echo ranging Seafloor mapping RT: Sound Echolocation Side scan sonar Sound dispersion Fish detection Sonar imagery Sound propagation Sonar Sound scattering Sorption Sonar equipment UF: Absorption (chemistry) Sound dispersion USE: Sonar Chemisorption UF: Acoustic wave dispersion NT: Adsorption BT: Dispersion Sonar imagery Desorption RT: Sound diffraction BT: Acoustic imagery RT: Surface properties Sound propagation RT: Insonification Sound refraction Sonar Sound Sound scattering Sonographs NT: Noise (sound) Sound velocity RT: Acoustics Sonar interception Insonification Sound emission USE: Sonar detection Sound absorption USE: Sound production Sound diffraction Sonar navigation Sound generators SOund Fixing And Rangefinding USE: Acoustic navigation Sound pressure USE: Sofar Sound production Sonar receivers Sound propagation Sound generation RT: Acoustic equipment Sound reflection UF: Generation (sound waves) Sonar Sound refraction RT: Sound generators Sound scattering Sound propagation Sonar systems Sound sources USE: Sonar Sound transmission Sound generators Sound velocity UF: Acoustic generators Sonar targets Acoustic radiators RT: Acoustic equipment Sound absorption Noise generators Sonar UF: Absorption (sound) BT: Acoustic equipment Acoustic wave absorption NT: Pingers Sonar transducers BT: Absorption (physics) RT: Seismic energy sources BT: Acoustic transducers RT: Acoustic insulation Sound RT: Sonar Sound Sound generation Sound attenuation Sound production Sonar transponders Sound propagation Sound sources USE: Acoustic transponders Sound reflection Sound scattering Sound insulation SOnic Detection And Rangefinding USE: Acoustic insulation USE: Sodar Sound attenuation UF: Acoustic wave attenuation Sound intensity Sonic tags RT: Acoustic properties UF: Acoustic intensity UF: Acoustic tags Sound absorption RT: Acoustic properties Tags (acoustic) Sound pressure Sound measurement BT: Tags Sound scattering RT: Acoustic equipment Sound transmission Sound measurement Biotelemetry Wave attenuation UF: Acoustic measurement Sound waves BT: Measurement Sound backscatter RT: Sound intensity Sonic waves USE: Backscatter Sound velocity USE: Sound waves Sound baffles Sound pressure Sonobuoys USE: Acoustic insulation BT: Pressure UF: Sonar buoys RT: Sound BT: Buoys Sound attenuation

255 ASFA THESAURUS

Sound production Sound refraction Sound wave sources SN: Restricted to vocalization or other UF: Acoustic wave refraction USE: Sound sources sources of sound production such as BT: Refraction stridulation by animals. Before 1982 RT: Sound Sound waves search SOUND PRODUCTION Sound dispersion SN: Sound waves and underwater (BIOLOGICAL) Sound propagation transmission of sound waves UF: Sound emission Sound scattering UF: Acoustic waves Sound production (biological) Sonic waves RT: Animal communication Sound reverberation Underwater sound transmission Audition USE: Reverberation Waves (acoustic) Auditory organs Waves (sound) Auditory stimuli Sound scattering BT: Elastic waves Bioacoustics UF: Acoustic wave scattering RT: Acoustic equipment Biological noise Scattering (sound) Acoustics Echolocation NT: Backscatter Biological noise Larynx Bottom scattering Echosounding Sound Forward scattering Ray paths Sound generators RT: Reverberation Sonic tags Vocal organs Sound Wave properties Vocalization behaviour Sound absorption Sound attenuation Sounding (water depth) Sound production (biological) Sound diffraction USE: Bathymetry USE: Sound production Sound dispersion Sound propagation Sounding lines Sound propagation Sound reflection RT: Bathymetry UF: Acoustic wave propagation Sound refraction Depth measurement RT: Internal wave effects Oceanographic equipment Sonar Sound scattering layers Soundings Sound USE: Scattering layers Sound absorption Soundings Sound diffraction Sound sources SN: Charted depth of water Sound dispersion UF: Sound wave sources UF: Bathymetric observations Sound generation RT: Sound BT: Bathymetric data Sound reflection Sound generators RT: Bathymetry Sound refraction Echosounding Sound scattering Sound spectra Sounding lines Sound transmission SN: Before 1986 search also Water depth Sound velocity ACOUSTIC SPECTRA UF: Acoustic spectra Southern oscillation Sound properties BT: Spectra BT: Oscillations USE: Acoustic properties RT: Air temperature Sound speed Atmospheric circulation Sound ranging USE: Sound velocity El Nino phenomena USE: Echo ranging Sea level Sound transmission Sea level pressure Sound ray paths UF: Acoustic wave transmission USE: Ray paths BT: Transmission Spalling RT: Sound BT: Defects Sound recorders Sound attenuation RT: Deterioration BT: Recording equipment Sound propagation RT: Acoustic equipment Spar buoys Acoustics Sound transmission loss BT: Buoy hulls Audio recordings USE: Transmission loss Echosounders Sparkers Hydrophones Sound velocity BT: Seismic energy sources Oceanographic equipment UF: Sound speed Wave velocity (sound) Spat Sound recordings BT: Velocity BT: Molluscan larvae USE: Audio recordings RT: Acoustic impedance RT: Clam culture Sound reflection Acoustic properties Cultch UF: Acoustic wave reflection Sound Mussel culture BT: Reflection Sound channels Oyster culture RT: Sound Sound dispersion Seed (aquaculture) Sound absorption Sound measurement Sound propagation Sound propagation Spat collection Sound scattering USE: Seed collection Target strength

256 ASFA THESAURUS

Spatial analysis Spawning migrations RT: Aquatic organisms SN: Analytical techniques to determine BT: Migrations Biological speciation the spatial distribution of a variable, NT: Anadromous migrations Botany the relationship between the spatial Catadromous migrations Ecology distribution of variables, and the RT: Amphihaline species Zoology association of the variables of an Oceanodromous migrations area. . It refers to the analysis of Reproductive behaviour Species composition phenomena distributed in space and Spawning USE: Check lists having physical dimensions (the Spawning grounds location of, proximity to, or Spawning populations Species diversity orientation of objects with respect to Spawning seasons UF: Community diversity one another; relating to an area of a Diversity index map as in spatial information and Spawning populations Ecological diversity spatial analysis; referenced or UF: Spawners Similarity index relating to a specific location on the BT: Animal populations RT: Biodiversity Earth's surface. RT: Spawning Climax community BT: Analytical techniques Spawning grounds Community composition RT: GIS Spawning migrations Dominant species Modelling Spawning seasons Ecological succession Gene pool Spatial distribution Spawning seasons USE: Geographical distribution RT: Seasons Species extinction Spawning UF: Extinction of species Spatial isolation Spawning grounds RT: Mass extinctions USE: Geographical isolation Spawning migrations Nature conservation Spawning populations Overfishing Spatial variations Rare species UF: Variations (space) Spear fishing NT: Finestructure SN: Impaling fish with a spear Species rarity Latitudinal variations from either above or below the USE: Rare species Microstructure water surface Regional variations BT: Catching methods Specific gravity RT: Dimensions RT: Diving BT: Physical properties Horizontal distribution Sport fishing RT: Density Quantitative distribution Wounding gear Relative density Vertical distribution Weight Specialists Spawned salmon USE: Experts Specific gravity measurement USE: Kelt USE: Density measurement Speciation (biological) Spawned trout USE: Biological speciation Specific heat USE: Kelt UF: Heat capacity Speciation (chemical) Thermal capacity Spawners USE: Chemical speciation BT: Thermodynamic properties USE: Spawning populations RT: Enthalpy Species Specific humidity Spawning SN: Use of a more specific term is Thermal conductivity NT: Wild spawning recommended RT: Breeding BT: Taxa Specific humidity Nursery grounds NT: Amphibiotic species BT: Humidity Reproductive behaviour Amphihaline species RT: Relative humidity Reproductive cycle Associated species Specific heat Sexual reproduction Cavernicolous species Spawning grounds Commercial species Specific volume Spawning migrations Cosmopolite species RT: Isopycnics Spawning populations Domestic species Specific volume anomalies Spawning seasons Dominant species Thermal expansion Endemic species Volume Spawning grounds Indicator species Water density NT: Artificial spawning grounds Introduced species RT: Fishing grounds Migratory species Specific volume anomalies Nursery grounds New species UF: Steric anomalies Redds Rare species BT: Anomalies Spawning Relict species NT: Thermosteric anomalies Spawning migrations Sedentary species RT: Dynamic height anomaly Spawning populations Sessile species Specific volume Spawning seasons Sibling species Water density

257 ASFA THESAURUS

Specifications Speech distortion Spiny lobster fisheries RT: Design RT: Communication USE: Lobster fisheries Performance assessment Prototypes Speed Spits Standards USE: Velocity BT: Beach features NT: Barrier spits Specificity Speedometers RT: Deposition features RT: Chemical reactions SN: Instruments for measuring Host preferences vessel speed Splash zone Substrate preferences BT: Measuring devices UF: Spray zone Spectra RT: Corrosion UF: Spectrum Spelaeology Spray NT: Absorption spectra SN: The study of caves, their flora Current spectra and fauna Spleen Directional spectra UF: Speleology BT: Excretory organs Energy spectra RT: Cavernicolous species RT: Lymphocytes Frequency spectra Caves Sound spectra Geomorphology Splines Wave spectra RT: Numerical analysis Speleology Spectral analysis USE: Spelaeology Spoil BT: Mathematical analysis RT: Dredge spoil NT: Maximum entropy spectral Sperm Waste disposal sites analysis SN: Before 1986 search also RT: Data reduction SPERMATOZOA Spoilage (fish) Frequency analysis UF: Spermatozoa USE: Fish spoilage Signal processing BT: Sexual cells Time series analysis RT: Fecundity Sponge culture Waveform analysis Polyspermy BT: Cultures Semen RT: Marine aquaculture Spectral composition Spermatogenesis Sponge fisheries BT: Optical properties Spermatophores Sponges RT: Colour Light penetration Sperm oils Sponge fisheries Spectrophotometers USE: Fish oils UF: Sponge harvesting BT: Fisheries Spectrochemical analysis Spermatogenesis RT: Fishing by diving RT: Spectrophotometers BT: Gametogenesis Marine fisheries RT: Sperm Sponge culture Spectrophotometers Testes Sponges BT: Photometers RT: Spectral composition Spermatophores Sponge harvesting Spectrochemical analysis RT: Biological fertilization USE: Sponge fisheries Spectroscopic techniques Sexual maturity Sexual reproduction Sponges Spectroscopic techniques Sperm BT: Animal products UF: Alpha spectroscopy RT: Sponge culture Spectroscopy Spermatozoa Sponge fisheries BT: Analytical techniques USE: Sperm NT: Absorption spectroscopy Sporangia Emission spectroscopy Sphene RT: Asexual reproduction Fluorescence spectroscopy USE: Titanite Spores Gamma spectroscopy Sporogenesis Infrared spectroscopy Spheres Mass spectroscopy Spore collection X-ray spectroscopy Sphingolopids USE: Seed collection RT: Chromatographic techniques USE: Complex lipids Colorimetric techniques Spore formation Nuclear magnetic resonance Spilling waves USE: Sporogenesis Photometry BT: Breaking waves Spectrophotometers Spores Spin fishing UF: Aplanospores Spectroscopy USE: Sport fishing Ascospores USE: Spectroscopic techniques Basidiospores Spinal cord Blastospores Spectrum BT: Central nervous system Oospores USE: Spectra RT: Vertebrae Zoospores

258 ASFA THESAURUS

NT: Conidia Spray St Elmo's fire Resting spores UF: Salt spray USE: Atmospheric electricity RT: Algal culture Sea spray Asexual reproduction BT: Hydrometeors Stability Atmospheric particulates RT: Droplets SN: Use of a more specific term is Bacteria Splash zone recommended Budding NT: Sediment stability Encystment Spray zone Ship stability Fossil spores USE: Splash zone Slope stability Fungi Vertical stability Germination Spreading RT: Ballast Palynology USE: Dispersion Buoyancy Seed collection Equilibrium Sporangia Spreading axis Instability Sporogenesis USE: Spreading centres Monin-Obukhov length Sporophytes Stability constants Spreading centres Stabilizing Sporogenesis UF: Spreading axis Steady state UF: Spore formation Spreading ridges Sporogomy RT: Diverging plate boundaries Stability (ecological) Sporulation Plate divergence USE: Ecological balance RT: Sporangia Plate tectonics Spores Seafloor spreading Stability constants Sporophytes BT: Constants Spreading rate RT: Stability Sporogomy USE: Seafloor spreading USE: Sporogenesis Stability frequency Spreading ridges USE: Brunt-Vaisala frequency Sporophytes USE: Spreading centres RT: Alternate reproduction Stabilization Spores Spring USE: Stabilizing Sporogenesis SN: Used for the season UF: Spring (season) Stabilized platforms Sport fish BT: Seasons BT: Instrument platforms USE: Game fish NT: Towers Spring (season) Sport fishing USE: Spring Stabilizers SN: Any activities of fishing with UF: Stabilizing fins receeation or water sports purposes Spring streams RT: Ship motion UF: Community fishing BT: Water springs Ship stability Flyfishing RT: Ground water Stabilizing Recreational fishing Lotic environment Spin fishing Water resources Stabilizing BT: Fishing UF: Stabilization Recreation Spring tides RT: Heave compensators NT: Angling BT: Tides Stability RT: Fee fishing Stabilizers Game fish Springs (water) Ice fishing USE: Water springs Stabilizing fins Spear fishing USE: Stabilizers Sport fishing statistics Squalene BT: Polyunsaturated hydrocarbons Stacks Sport fishing statistics BT: Coastal landforms SN: Including number of sport Squat lobster fisheries fishermen and catches UF: Galatheid fisheries Staff (personnel) UF: Creel census Red crab fisheries USE: Personnel BT: Fishery statistics BT: Crustacean fisheries RT: Game fish Stages (water) Sport fishing Squid culture USE: Water levels Sporulation SN: Before 1982 search USE: Sporogenesis MOLLUSC CULTURE Stagnant water BT: Mollusc culture BT: Water Spotted pest RT: Cephalopod fisheries RT: Anoxic conditions USE: Vibriosis Dystrophic lakes Squid fisheries Hypolimnion Sprat fisheries USE: Cephalopod fisheries Sapropels USE: Clupeoid fisheries Wetlands

259 ASFA THESAURUS

Staining Standing stock (in number) Statistical analysis SN: Staining of tissues and organisms USE: Population number UF: Chi square test RT: Discolouration Statistical methods Dyes Standing stock (in weight) Statistical tests Marking USE: Biomass Statistics (mathematics) Tests for significant differences Stainless steel Standing waves BT: Mathematical analysis BT: Steel UF: Clapotis NT: Correlation analysis RT: Corrosion control Stationary waves Frequency analysis BT: Oscillatory waves Regression analysis Standard depths RT: Hydraulic jump Time series analysis SN: Recommended depths below Seiches Variance analysis sea surface at which water Wave reflection Virtual population analysis properties should be measured RT: Approximation BT: depth Starch Biometrics SN: Before 1982 search Economic analysis Standard ocean sections CARBOHYDRATES Gaussian distribution SN: Routes along which BT: Polysaccharides Graphical analysis oceanographic observations are Kurtosis made regularly over a period of Starvation Numerical analysis time, e.g. Kola Section, Line P UF: Absolute food deficiency Prediction UF: Ocean data routes RT: Food availability Probability theory BT: Oceanographic stations Lethal limits Random processes RT: Fixed stations Mortality causes Skewness Hydrographic sections Nutrition disorders Statistical models Oceanographic data Survival Statistical sampling Oceanographic surveys Statistical tables Time series State governments Statisticians USE: Governments Statistics Standard sea water Stochastic processes BT: Sea water State jurisdiction RT: Artificial seawater USE: Jurisdiction Statistical charts Salinity measurement USE: Statistical tables State-of-the-art reviews Standard signals USE: Literature reviews Statistical methods RT: Communication systems USE: Statistical analysis Navigation States (political) USE: Countries Statistical models Standardization BT: Mathematical models SN: Comparison of an instrument or Static instability RT: Operations research device with a standard to determine BT: Instability Probability theory its value in terms of an adopted unit RT: Vertical stability Statistical analysis NT: Calibration Statistics RT: Intercomparison Static stability System analysis Methodology USE: Vertical stability Standards Statistical sampling Terminology Static water culture SN: Before 1982 search USE: Pond culture SAMPLING (STATISTICAL) Standards UF: Random sampling UF: Codes of practice Station keeping Sampling (statistical) NT: Codex standards RT: Deployment Stratified sampling Practical salinity scale Oceanographic stations BT: Sampling RT: Acceptability Recovery RT: Biological sampling Quality control Seamanship Probability theory Specifications Ship drift Statistical analysis Standardization Statistical tables Terminology Station lists Statistics BT: Data reports Standby vessels RT: Logbooks Statistical tables USE: Emergency vessels Oceanographic stations UF: Statistical charts Track charts Tables (statistical) Standing crop (in number) BT: Tables USE: Population number Stationary waves NT: Scatter diagrams USE: Standing waves RT: Graphical analysis Standing crop (in weight) Statistical analysis USE: Biomass Stations (oceanographic) Statistical sampling USE: Oceanographic stations Statistics

260 ASFA THESAURUS

Statistical tests Steady state Steric sea level USE: Statistical analysis RT: Equilibrium BT: Sea level Perturbations RT: Isostatic sea level Statisticians Stability BT: Scientific personnel Unsteady state Sterility RT: Statistical analysis Steam fog SN: Natural or artificial sterility by Statistics USE: Fog irradiation or removal of reproductive organs Statistics Steel RT: Animal reproductive organs NT: Fishery statistics BT: Ferrous alloys Castration Household statistics NT: Stainless steel Ovaries Wave statistics RT: Metals Testes RT: Biometrics Reinforced concrete Mathematics Steel structures Sterilization Statistical analysis NT: Ozonation Statistical models Steel platforms Ultraviolet sterilization Statistical sampling USE: Steel structures RT: Ionizing radiation Statistical tables Ultraviolet radiation Statisticians Steel structures UF: Steel platforms Steroids Statistics (mathematics) BT: Structures BT: Lipids USE: Statistical analysis RT: Concrete structures NT: Sterols Offshore structures RT: Drugs Statocysts Steel Hormones BT: Balance organs RT: Statoliths Steel wire Sterols USE: Wire rope UF: Sitosterols Statoliths BT: Steroids RT: Statocysts Steering systems NT: Cholesterol RT: Manoeuvrability Fucosterol STD observations Positioning systems RT: Alcohols UF: Salinity-temperature-depth Propulsion systems observations Ship technology Stickwater RT: CTD observations Vehicles UF: Fish solubles Hydrographic data BT: Processed fishery products STD profiles Stems RT: Byproducts BT: Plant organs Fish oils STD probes RT: Rhizomes Fish wastes USE: STD profilers Stomata Still water level STD profilers Stenohaline organisms USE: Sea level UF: Salinity-temperature-depth USE: Stenohalinity profilers Stimulants (growth) STD probes Stenohalinity USE: Growth regulators STD sensors UF: Stenohaline organisms BT: Profilers BT: Biological properties Stimuli RT: Conductivity sensors RT: Euryhalinity SN: Stimuli and their effects on CTD profilers Salinity tolerance aquatic organisms Salinity measuring equipment NT: Auditory stimuli Salinity profiles Stenothermal organisms Chemical stimuli STD profiles USE: Stenothermy Electric stimuli Thermometers Light stimuli Stenothermy Mechanical stimuli STD profiles UF: Stenothermal organisms Tactile stimuli UF: Salinity temperature depth BT: Biological properties Thermal stimuli profiles RT: Eurythermy Visual stimuli Salinity-temperature-depth Temperature tolerance RT: Behavioural responses profiles Biological stress BT: Vertical profiles Stereophotography Learning behaviour RT: Hydrographic data BT: Photography Orientation behaviour STD observations RT: Aerial photography Sense functions STD profilers Depth measurement Tropism Temperature profiles Surveying underwater Wave measurement Stinging organisms STD sensors USE: Noxious organisms USE: STD profilers Steric anomalies USE: Specific volume anomalies

261 ASFA THESAURUS

Stinging organs Stocking (organisms) Storage UF: Nematocysts Stocking ponds SN: Use of a more specific term is RT: Electric organs recommended; consult narrower Noxious organisms Stocking operations terms listed below Venom apparatus USE: Stocking (organisms) UF: Capacity (storage) NT: Cold storage Stochastic models Stocking ponds Data storage USE: Mathematical models BT: Fish ponds Fish storage RT: Stocking (organisms) Sample storage Stochastic processes Stocking density RT: Storage conditions RT: Mathematical models Storage effects Operations research Stocks Storage life Probability theory SN: The exploitable group of Storage tanks Random processes individuals of the same species Statistical analysis existing in a particular area at a Storage (fish) Time series analysis particular time USE: Fish storage UF: Fish stocks Stock assessment Wild fish stocks Storage conditions UF: Stock evaluation NT: Brood stocks UF: Storage humidity RT: Catch statistics Depleted stocks Storage temperature Catch/effort Shared stocks RT: Air temperature Census Straddling stocks Humidity Exploratory fishing Unit stocks Storage Fishery surveys RT: Animal populations Storage effects Landing statistics Fishery resources Storage life Population characteristics Stock assessment Population number Storage effects Population structure Stokes drift SN: Any action of storage on the Stock identification USE: Wave drift velocity quality of processed fishery Stocks products, sediment samples and Virtual population analysis Stokes law water samples, etc. RT: Particle settling RT: Quality control Stock density Settling rate Storage USE: Population density Viscosity Storage conditions Storage life Stock depletion Stokes waves USE: Depleted stocks BT: Nonlinear waves Storage humidity USE: Storage conditions Stock evaluation Stoma USE: Stock assessment USE: Stomata Storage life UF: Shelf life Stock identification Stomach RT: Quality assurance RT: Meristic counts BT: Alimentary organs Storage Population genetics Secretory organs Storage conditions Racial studies NT: Masticatory stomach Storage effects Stock assessment RT: Pyloric caeca Subpopulations Stomach content Storage tanks BT: Tanks Stocking (organisms) Stomach content RT: Storage UF: Restocking RT: Food consumption Stocking operations Gastric evacuation Storage temperature RT: Aquaculture Stomach USE: Storage conditions Aquaculture techniques Density dependence Stomata Storm surge barriers Ranching UF: Stoma UF: Tidal barriers Seeding (aquaculture) RT: Leaves BT: Barriers Stocking density Plant physiology Coast defences Stocking ponds Respiration RT: Storm surges Transplantation Rhizomes Tidal barrages Stems Tide-surge interaction Stocking density Transpiration UF: Crowding Storm surge forecasts Density (stocking) Stoneley waves USE: Storm surge prediction RT: Biotic factors USE: Surface seismic waves Density dependence Storm surge generation Overcrowding BT: Wave generation Population density RT: Storm surges

262 ASFA THESAURUS

Storm surge prediction Strain seismometers Stratified sampling UF: Storm surge forecasts USE: Seismometers USE: Statistical sampling BT: Prediction RT: Storm surges Strains Stratified shear flow Storm tide warning services BT: Shear flow Straits RT: Lee waves Storm surges BT: Coastal waters Stratified flow UF: Storm tides RT: Channels Surges (storm) Tunnels Stratigraphic correlation BT: Surface water waves Water exchange BT: Geological correlation Surges RT: Geochronometry NT: Hurricane waves Strand lines Sediments RT: Catastrophic waves USE: Strandlines Stratigraphy Disasters Flooding Stranded organisms Stratigraphic systems Floods USE: Stranding USE: Geological time Meteorological tides Shallow water waves Strandflats Stratigraphic traps Storm surge barriers USE: Wave-cut platforms RT: Geological equipment Storm surge generation Stratigraphy Storm surge prediction Stranding Storm tide warning services SN: Whales or other organisms Stratigraphy Surface gravity waves washed ashore BT: Geology Tide-surge interaction UF: Stranded organisms NT: Biostratigraphy Wind setup Whale stranding Chronostratigraphy RT: Aquatic mammals Magnetostratigraphy Storm tide warning services Carcasses Oxygen isotope stratigraphy BT: Warning services Seismic stratigraphy RT: Storm surge prediction Strandlines Seismic tomography Storm surges UF: Ancient shorelines Sequence stratigraphy Strand lines RT: Geochronometry Storm tides BT: Coasts Geological time USE: Storm surges RT: Glacial lakes Isopach maps Raised beaches Marine geology Storms Sea level changes Micropalaeontology UF: Gales Terraces Palaeoclimatology BT: Weather hazards Wave-cut platforms Palaeoecology NT: Hurricanes Palaeontology Thunderstorms Stratification Sediment structure RT: Tornadoes NT: Density stratification Stratigraphic correlation Winds Salinity stratification Stratigraphic traps Thermal stratification Stormwater runoff RT: Baroclinic mode Stratosphere BT: Runoff Barotropic mode BT: Earth atmosphere Destratification RT: Ionosphere Straddling stocks Layers Tropopause SN: Stock which occurs both Stratified flow Troposphere within the EEZ and in an area Water column beyond and adjacent to EEZ Stream conservation BT: Stocks Stratification (density) USE: Conservation Straight chain saturated hydrocarbons USE: Density stratification USE: Acyclic hydrocarbons Stream ecology Stratification (salinity) USE: Freshwater ecology Strain USE: Salinity stratification BT: Deformation Stream fisheries RT: Elasticity Stratification (thermal) USE: River fisheries Poisson's ratio USE: Thermal stratification Shear strength Stream flow Strain gauges Stratified flow UF: River currents Stress (mechanics) BT: Fluid flow River flow Stress-strain relations RT: Baroclinic mode BT: Water currents Baroclinic motion RT: Backwash Strain gauges Density flow Backwaters BT: Gauges Laminar flow Flood control RT: Strain Stratification Fluid motion Tiltmeters Stratified shear flow Hydrodynamics Transducers River discharge

263 ASFA THESAURUS

River engineering Elasticity RT: Ocean basins Rivers Fatigue (materials) Sedimentary basins Stream flow rate Mechanical properties Tectonics Unidirectional flow Shear strength Watersheds Strain Structural domes Stress-strain relations UF: Geological domes Stream flow rate BT: Folds BT: Current velocity Stress (physiological) NT: Salt domes RT: Rivers USE: Biological stress RT: Diapirs Stream flow Stress corrosion Structural dynamics Stream functions BT: Corrosion BT: Dynamics RT: Coriolis parameters RT: Embrittlement RT: Dynamic loads Dynamic height Fatigue (materials) Structural engineering Geostrophic equilibrium Metal fatigue Streamlines Structural engineering Stress-strain relations BT: Engineering Stream valleys RT: Deformation NT: Structural analysis USE: River valleys Mechanical properties RT: Coastal engineering Soil mechanics Geotechnology Streamers Strain Hydraulic engineering BT: Cables Stress (mechanics) Offshore structures RT: Hydrophones Tensile strength River engineering Oceanographic equipment Settlement (structural) Seismic equipment Striated muscles Structural dynamics Sensors USE: Muscles Structural geology Streamlines Strike-slip faults BT: Geology BT: Map graphics BT: Faults RT: Geological structures RT: Current charts Tectonics Current direction Stringers Current vectors USE: Pipe stringers Structural settlement Dynamic topography USE: Settlement (structural) Stream functions Strip mine lakes Water currents BT: Lakes Structures RT: Mine tailings SN: Use only for man-made Streams Pits structures. Use of a more USE: Rivers specific term is recommended Stripping analysis NT: Concrete structures Strength UF: Anodic stripping voltammetry Cylindrical structures SN: Use for mechanical strength Cathodic stripping voltammetry Hydraulic structures BT: Mechanical properties BT: Analytical techniques Perforated structures NT: Bearing capacity Steel structures Collapse strength Stromatolites RT: Legs (structural) Compressive strength BT: Biogenic sedimentary structures Settlement (structural) Shear strength RT: Algae Tensile strength Algal mats Strumming RT: Yield point USE: Vibration Strontium Stress BT: Alkaline earth metals Stunting USE: Stress (mechanics) RT: Strontium isotopes RT: Growth

Stress (biological) Strontium isotopes Stupefying methods USE: Biological stress BT: Isotopes RT: Electric fishing RT: Rubidium-strontium dating Electrified gear Stress (mechanics) Strontium Explosive fishing SN: Before 1995 search also STRESS Fish poisoning UF: Stress Structural analysis BT: Forces (mechanics) BT: Structural engineering Subaereal topography NT: Bottom stress RT: Design BT: Topography (geology) Compression Mathematical analysis Reynolds stresses Tolerances (dimensional) Subaqueous sediment transport Shear stress USE: Sediment transport Tension Structural basins Torque BT: Basins Wind stress NT: Forearc basins RT: Biological stress Marginal basins

264 ASFA THESAURUS

Sub-bottom profiling Sublittoral zone Continental shelves SN: Profiling using systems BT: Littoral zone Continental slope employing discrete sound RT: Nearshore sedimentation Deep-sea channels sources, e.g. echosounders Deep-sea fans BT: Profiling Submarine banks Deep-sea furrows Seismic exploration BT: Banks (topography) Fracture zones RT: Echosounding Submarine features Island slope Seismic reflection profiling RT: Fishing grounds Ocean basins Mud banks Oceanic trenches Subduction Sand banks Seabights SN: A continental plate of greater Shoals Seaknolls density forced beneath an adjoining plate Seamount chains RT: Active margins Submarine bars Seamounts Forearc basins USE: Nearshore bars Shelf edge Island arcs Shoals Marginal basins Submarine basins Sills Obduction USE: Ocean basins Submarine banks Oceanic crust Submarine canyons Plate tectonics Submarine cable breaks Submarine plateaux Plates UF: Cable breaks Submarine ridges Subduction zones RT: Submarine cables Submarine scarps Submarine troughs Subduction zones Submarine cables Submarine valleys RT: Benioff zone BT: Electric cables RT: Bed forms Converging plate boundaries RT: Cable laying Bottom topography Oceanic trenches Cable ships Ocean floor Plate convergence Coaxial cables Submarine volcanoes Plate tectonics Communication systems Plates Submarine cable breaks Submarine geology Subduction Telephone systems USE: Marine geology

Subgravel filters Submarine canyons Submarine ice profiles USE: Biofilters BT: Submarine features USE: Ice canopy RT: Continental shelves Sublethal effects Continental slope Submarine permafrost SN: Effects, not immediately Deep-sea fans USE: Permafrost identifiable, of harmful Submarine valleys substances on organisms Thalweg Submarine pipelines RT: Bioaccumulation USE: Pipelines Biological poisons Submarine cements Biotesting SN: Chemically precipitated Submarine plateaux Diseases mineral material UF: Ocean plateaux Lethal effects UF: Cements (geology) BT: Plateaux Pollution effects BT: Chemical sediments Submarine features Pollution tolerance RT: Authigenic minerals Survival Cementation Submarine ridges Toxicity UF: Oceanic ridges Toxicity tolerance Submarine crust BT: Ridges USE: Oceanic crust Submarine features Sublimation NT: Aseismic ridges BT: Vaporization Submarine erosion Mid-ocean ridges RT: Ablation USE: Bottom erosion Seismic ridges Condensation RT: Mountains Evaporation Submarine escarpments Sills Freezing USE: Submarine scarps Submarine scarps Hydrometeors Ice formation Submarine fans Submarine scarps Melting USE: Deep-sea fans SN: Before 1984 search also Sublimation heat Submarine features SCARPS and UNDERWATER Water vapour UF: Bottom features ESCARPMENTS Submarine topographic features UF: Submarine escarpments Sublimation heat BT: Topographic features Underwater escarpments UF: Latent heat of sublimation NT: Abyssal hills BT: Escarpments BT: Enthalpy Abyssal plains Submarine features RT: Sublimation Continental margins RT: Fault scarps Continental ridges Median valleys Continental rise Submarine ridges

265 ASFA THESAURUS

Submarine springs Submersible platforms Benthos SN: Offshore emergence of fresh SN: Towed or self-propelled platforms Ecological zonation water supportable on flooded hulls Sessile species UF: Water seepages BT: Mobile platforms Settling behaviour BT: Water springs RT: Caissons Substrate preferences Jackup platforms Submarine tankers Semisubmersible platforms Substrate affinities BT: Submarines USE: Substrate preferences RT: Tanker ships Submersibles UF: Lockout submersibles Substrate preferences Submarine terraces Manned submersibles UF: Substrate affinities USE: Terraces Submersibles (manned) RT: Algal settlements BT: Manned vehicles Biological settlement Submarine topographic features NT: Wet submersibles Colonization USE: Submarine features RT: Deep-sea diving Cultch Diving bells Larval settlement Submarine trenches Diving equipment Specificity USE: Oceanic trenches Diving suits Substrata Free-swimming vehicles Submarine troughs Mother ships Substrates (biochemistry) BT: Submarine features Self-propelled vehicles SN: The material or substance on Submarines which an enzyme acts. Submarine valleys BT: Submarine features Submersibles (manned) Substrates (physical) Valleys USE: Submersibles USE: Substrata RT: Drowned valleys Submarine canyons Submersibles (unmanned) Subsurface buoyancy floats USE: Unmanned vehicles USE: Buoyancy floats Submarine volcanoes BT: Volcanoes Suboceanic crust Subsurface currents RT: Plate boundaries USE: Oceanic crust BT: Water currents Seamount chains NT: Deep currents Submarine features Subpopulations RT: Bottom currents SN: Subset of a population which Lake currents Submarines comprises a self-sustained Ocean currents SN: Use only for manned genetic unit underwater vehicles designed for UF: Race Subsurface deposits military purposes RT: Genotypes BT: Mineral deposits BT: Manned vehicles Population genetics NT: Fossil fuels NT: Submarine tankers Population structure Phosphate deposits RT: Nuclear propulsion Racial studies RT: Deep-sea mining Submersibles Stock identification Oil sands Undersea warfare Unit stocks Oil shale Ores Submerged cages Subsea production systems Potash deposits UF: Bottom cages RT: Oil and gas production Salt deposits Midwater cages Wellheads BT: Cages Subsurface drifters Subsidence UF: Floats (subsurface) Submerged shorelines SN: Use only in tectonic context Subsurface floats UF: Ria coasts BT: Epeirogeny BT: Drifters BT: Coasts RT: Tectonics NT: Seabed drifters RT: Drowned valleys Uplift Swallow floats Emergent shorelines RT: Lagrangian current Epeirogeny Subsistence aquaculture measurement Fjords USE: Small scale aquaculture Retrogradation Subsurface floats Submergence Subsistence fisheries USE: Subsurface drifters Transgressions SN: A fishery where the fish caught are shared and consumed Subsurface water Submergence directly by the families BT: Water masses RT: Epeirogeny BT: Fisheries Retrogradation Subtropical convergences Submerged shorelines Substrata BT: Oceanic convergences Transgressions UF: Substrates (physical) RT: Gyres NT: Artificial substrata Oceanic fronts RT: Benthic environment

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Subtropical gyres Sulphides Sun dried products USE: Gyres SN: Before 1982 search USE: Dried products SULPHUR COMPOUNDS Subtropical jet stream BT: Sulphur compounds Sunburn USE: Jet stream NT: Carbon sulphides SN: Pathological condition Hydrogen sulphide ascribed to excessive level of Subtropical zones Iron sulphides ultraviolet irradiation BT: Climatic zones RT: Sulphide deposits BT: Fish diseases Sulphide minerals RT: Environmental diseases Succession (ecological) USE: Ecological succession Sulphites Sunspots SN: Before 1982 search USE: Solar activity Suffocation SULPHUR COMPOUNDS USE: Asphyxia BT: Sulphur compounds Supersaturation BT: Saturation Sugars Sulphonates RT: Chemical precipitation USE: Saccharides BT: Sulphur compounds Dissolution Solubility Sulfide deposits Sulphur Supply boats USE: Sulphide deposits UF: Sulfur BT: Ships BT: Nonmetals RT: Support ships Sulfur RT: Sulphur compounds USE: Sulphur Sulphur isotopes Support craft USE: Support ships Sulphate minerals Sulphur compounds BT: Minerals BT: Chemical compounds Support ships NT: Anhydrite NT: Sulphates SN: Applied to auxiliary ships of Barite Sulphides fishing fleets and from 1981 also Gypsum Sulphites to vessels serving oil rigs and Kainite Sulphonates other offshore installations Polyhalite Sulphur oxides UF: Support craft RT: Sulphates RT: Sulphur Work boats Sulphide deposits Sulphuric acid BT: Ships Sulphate reduction Volatile compounds NT: Factory ships BT: Reduction Mother ships RT: Biogeochemistry Sulphur dioxide RT: Crane barges Sulphates BT: Sulphur oxides Diving bells Diving equipment Sulphates Sulphur isotopes Emergency vessels SN: Before 1982 search BT: Isotopes Fishing vessels SULPHUR COMPOUNDS RT: Sulphur Supply boats BT: Sulphur compounds Tugs NT: Calcium sulphates Sulphur oxides Magnesium sulphates BT: Oxides Suppressing RT: Sulphate minerals Sulphur compounds USE: Damping Sulphate reduction NT: Sulphur dioxide Sulphide deposits Suppressors Sulphuric acid RT: Acoustic insulation Sulphide deposits BT: Inorganic acids Damping UF: Polymetallic sulphide deposits RT: Sulphur compounds Sulfide deposits Supralittoral zone BT: Chemical sediments Summaries UF: Supratidal zone RT: Hydrothermal deposits USE: Abstracts BT: Littoral zone Metalliferous sediments RT: Sabkhas Seabed deposits Summer Sulphate minerals BT: Seasons Suprarenal glands Sulphates USE: Adrenal glands Sulphide minerals Sun Sulphides RT: Astronomy Supratidal zone Solar activity USE: Supralittoral zone Sulphide minerals Solar cells BT: Minerals Solar constant Surf NT: Greigite Solar eclipse BT: Breaking waves Pyrite Solar power RT: Beaches Pyrrhotite Solar radiation Surf zone RT: Sulphide deposits Solar tides Surfing Sulphides Solar-terrestrial activity Waves on beaches

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Surf beats Emergency vessels Surface layers BT: Trapped waves Fishing vessels BT: Water column Floating structures NT: Near-surface layer Surf zone Mining vessels Surface microlayer UF: Breaker zone Protection vessels Surface mixed layer BT: Beach features Research vessels RT: Epilimnion RT: Breaking waves Survey vessels Langmuir circulation Longshore currents Work platforms Surface currents Nearshore dynamics Surface water Rip currents Surface currents Surface water masses Surf BT: Water currents Thermocline Undertow NT: Contour currents Upper ocean Wave dissipation RT: Lake currents Wave interactions Waves on beaches Ocean currents Surface circulation Surface microlayer Surface active agents Surface layers BT: Surface layers USE: Surfactants Wind-driven currents RT: Air-water interface Monomolecular films Surface activity Surface drifters Near-surface layer RT: Surface properties BT: Drifters Sea surface NT: Drift bottles Surface chemistry Surface area Drift cards Surface films USE: Area Drifting data buoys Surface radiation temperature Drogues Surfactants Surface boundary layer RT: Flotsam USE: Atmospheric boundary layer Surface mixed layer Surface Ekman layer BT: Mixed layer Surface chemistry BT: Ekman layers Surface layers BT: Chemistry RT: Oceanic boundary layer RT: Atmospheric forcing RT: Air-water exchanges Wind-driven currents Oceanic boundary layer Bubble bursting Thermocline Foams Surface energy Thermocline decay Sea surface USE: Surface tension Upper ocean Surface films Surface microlayer Surface films Surface navigation Surface properties UF: Films (surface) USE: Navigation Surfactants Oil films Slicks (surface) Surface noise Surface circulation NT: Monomolecular films SN: Wind-generated noise, wave UF: Near-surface circulation RT: Capillarity breaking, etc. BT: Water circulation Layers UF: Wind-generated noise RT: Lake dynamics Oil slicks BT: Ambient noise Langmuir circulation Sea surface RT: Shipping noise Ocean circulation Slicks Surface currents Surface chemistry Surface of no motion Wind-driven circulation Surface microlayer USE: Level of no motion Wave damping Surface clutter Windrows Surface phenomena UF: Sea clutter USE: Surface properties Sea surface clutter Surface geometry (water waves) BT: Radar clutter USE: Wave geometry Surface potential RT: Surface properties Surface craft Surface gravity waves SN: Use of a narrower term is BT: Water waves Surface properties recommended RT: Cnoidal waves UF: Surface phenomena UF: Surface vessels Nonlinear waves BT: Properties Vessels Seiches NT: Roughness BT: Vehicles Solitary waves Texture NT: Barges Storm surges RT: Adhesion Boats Swell Adsorption Dredgers Tsunamis Air-water interface Hovercraft Wind waves Albedo Hydrofoils Capillarity Inflatable craft Surface layer temperature Desorption Ships USE: Surface temperature Emissivity RT: Defence craft Flotation Drilling vessels Interface phenomena

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Optical properties Water surface temperature Storm surges Physical properties BT: Water temperature Swell Sea surface NT: Intake temperature Tidal waves Sorption Surface radiation temperature Tsunamis Surface activity RT: Sea surface Wind waves Surface chemistry RT: Design wave Surface potential Surface tension Directional spectra Surface tension UF: Interfacial tension Extreme waves Surfaces Surface energy Interfacial waves Surfactants BT: Tension Near-surface layer Water properties RT: Capillarity Sea state Wave geometry Capillary waves Sea state scales Windrows Flotation Sea surface Interface phenomena Short wave-long wave Surface radiation temperature Surface properties interactions UF: Brightness temperature Surfactants Wave analysis Skin temperature Wave damping BT: Surface temperature Surface tension waves Wave geometry RT: Air-water interface USE: Capillary waves Wave measuring equipment Sea surface Wave scouring Surface microlayer Surface topography Terrestrial radiation SN: Before 1984 search also SEA Surface wave recorders SURFACE TOPOGRAPHY USE: Wave recorders Surface roughness UF: Sea surface topography SN: Roughness of water surface Water surface topography Surface wave-internal wave BT: Roughness BT: Topography interactions RT: Drag coefficient RT: Dynamic topography BT: Wave-wave interaction Reflectance Geoid RT: Dead water Wind wave generation Geoid anomalies Internal wave generation Marine geodesy Internal waves Surface salinity Satellite altimetry UF: Sea surface salinity Sea level Surface waves (seismic) Water surface salinity Sea level measurement USE: Surface seismic waves BT: Salinity Sea surface RT: Sea surface Surface slope Surface waves (water) USE: Surface water waves Surface seismic waves Surface vessels SN: Use of a more specific term is USE: Surface craft Surfaces recommended NT: Erosion surfaces UF: Stoneley waves Surface water Isobaric surfaces Surface waves (seismic) BT: Water Isopycnic surfaces BT: Seismic waves RT: Bottom water Sea surface NT: Love waves Epilimnion RT: Area Rayleigh waves Evaporation Boundaries RT: Ground motion Shallow water Interfaces Surface layers Layers Surface slope Surface water masses Levels UF: Sea level slope Surface properties Sea surface slope Surface water bodies Water surface slope USE: Water bodies Surfacing behaviour RT: Dynamic topography BT: Behaviour Geostrophic flow Surface water masses Sea level BT: Water masses Surfactants Sea surface RT: Surface layers UF: Surface active agents Surface topography Surface water BT: Agents Wave slope Upper ocean RT: Detergents Dispersants Surface stress Surface water waves Soaps USE: Wind stress UF: Ocean waves Surface chemistry Surface waves (water) Surface microlayer Surface temperature BT: Water waves Surface properties SN: Before 1985 search also SEA NT: Breaking waves Surface tension SURFACE TEMPERATURE Capillary waves UF: Bucket temperature Long-crested waves Surfing Ocean surface temperature Seiches BT: Recreation Sea surface temperature Short-crested waves RT: Bathing Surface layer temperature Significant waves Surf

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Surge response Surveying Survival BT: Dynamic response SN: Use of a more specific term is UF: Survival aptitude RT: Buoy motion effects recommended Survival rate Surging NT: Hydrographic surveying RT: Ecophysiology Surveying underwater Escapement Surge waves Topographic surveying Lethal limits USE: Surges RT: Cartography Mortality Compasses Mortality causes Surges Locating Starvation UF: Surge waves Mapping Sublethal effects NT: Storm surges Sampling Tolerance RT: Seiches Surveying equipment Toxicity Tides Surveys Wave period Survival aptitude Wind waves Surveying equipment USE: Survival BT: Equipment Surges (beach) RT: Airborne equipment Survival at sea USE: Wave runup Diving equipment RT: Hypothermia Photographic equipment Life jackets Surges (seiches) Remote sensing equipment Lifeboats USE: Seiches Sonar Marine accidents Surveying Search and rescue Surges (storm) USE: Storm surges Surveying underwater Survival capsules UF: Underwater surveying USE: Lifeboats Surge-tide interaction BT: Surveying USE: Tide-surge interaction Working underwater Survival of the fittest RT: Diving USE: Natural selection Surging Diving surveys BT: Ship motion Photogrammetry Survival rate RT: Buoy motion effects Seafloor sampling USE: Survival Surge response Sediment sampling Site surveys Suspended inorganic matter Surimi Stereophotography SN: Before 1983 search also USE: Minced products Underwater exploration INORGANIC SUSPENDED Underwater photography MATTER Surrounding nets Wreck location UF: Inorganic suspended matter UF: Lampara nets BT: Inorganic matter BT: Fishing nets Surveys NT: Colloidal clay NT: Purse seines SN: Use of a more specific term is RT: Suspended organic matter RT: Seiners recommended Suspended particulate matter Seining NT: Aerial surveys Turbidity Aeromagnetic surveys Water colour Surveillance and enforcement Biological surveys SN: Surveillance of marine space Diving surveys Suspended load and enforcement of related laws Echo surveys SN: Sediment in transport UF: Law enforcement Environmental surveys UF: Suspended load transport Ocean surveillance Fishery surveys BT: Sediment load Offshore protection Frame surveys RT: Bed load Protection (secutity) Geochemical surveys Resuspended sediments Vessel seizure Geological surveys Resuspension RT: Coastguards Hydrographic surveys Sediment transport Defence craft Resource surveys Suspension Detection Site surveys Fishery protection RT: Baseline studies Suspended load transport Military operations Bench marks USE: Suspended load Protection vessels Cartography Security Census Suspended matter Cruises USE: Suspended particulate Survey vessels Data collections matter RT: Hydrographic surveying Expeditions Hydrographic surveys Exploration Suspended organic matter Research vessels Mapping SN: Before 1983 search also Surface craft Surveying ORGANIC SUSPENDED MATTER UF: Organic suspended matter RT: Biogenic material

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Detritus Suspension feeders Shallow water Sapropels USE: Filter feeders Swamp fisheries Suspended inorganic matter Suspended particulate matter Suspensoids Swash Turbidity USE: Suspended particulate USE: Wave runup Water colour matter Swaths Suspended particle motion Sustainability RT: Seafloor mapping USE: Particle motion SN: Ability to persist in the long-term. Often used as a “short hand” for S-waves Suspended particles sustainable development. UF: Secondary waves USE: Suspended particulate NT: Sustainable development Shear waves matter Sustainable fishing BT: Body waves RT: P-waves Suspended particulate matter Sustainable development Shear wave velocities SN: Before 1984 search also SN: Management and conservation SUSPENDED MATTER of the natural resource base, and Swaying UF: Particulate matter the orientation of technological BT: Ship motion Particulates (aquatic) and institutional change in such a Suspended matter manner as to ensure the Swell Suspended particles attainment of continued UF: Ground swell Suspended solids satisfaction of human needs for BT: Surface water waves Suspensoids present and future generations. NT: Rollers BT: Particulates UF: Sustainable management RT: Beach cusps NT: Resuspended sediments BT: Sustainability Surface gravity waves RT: Biogeochemical cycle Wind waves Colloids Sustainable fishing Detrital deposits SN: Fishing activities that do not Swim bladder Detritus cause or lead to undesirable SN: Considered as hydrostatic Eolian dust changes in the biological and organ Flocculation economic productivity, biological UF: Air bladder Marine snow diversity, or ecosystem structure Gas bladders Nepheloid layer and functioning from one human BT: Bladders Particle concentration generation to the next. RT: Buoyancy Particle counters UF: Responsible fisheries Flotation Particle scattering BT: Sustainability Hydrostatic behaviour Particulate flux Swimming River plumes Sustainable management Whirling disease Sediment transport USE: Sustainable development Sediment traps Swimming Sedimentation Sustainable yield SN: Restricted to aquatic Seston USE: Potential yield organisms. For recreational Sinking swimming use BATHING. Suspended inorganic matter Sverdrup transport Before 1982 search Suspended organic matter BT: Transport LOCOMOTION Suspension RT: Mass transport BT: Locomotion Turbidity Ocean circulation RT: Fins Water colour Wind stress Swim bladder Wind-driven circulation Suspended sediments Wind-driven currents Swimming (recreation) USE: Resuspended sediments USE: Bathing Swallow floats Suspended solids UF: Neutrally buoyant floats Swordfish fisheries USE: Suspended particulate matter BT: Subsurface drifters USE: Tuna fisheries NT: Sofar floats Suspension RT: Acoustic transponders Syllabuses NT: Resuspension Pingers USE: Curricula RT: Flocculation Particle motion Swamp fisheries Symbionts Saltation BT: Inland fisheries UF: Ectosymbionts Sediment transport RT: Swamps Endosymbionts Slurries RT: Commensals Suspended load Swamps Epiphytes Suspended particulate matter BT: Wetlands Symbiosis NT: Mangrove swamps Zooxanthellae Suspension currents RT: Deltas USE: Turbidity currents Marshes

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Symbiosis Syngamy Water masses UF: Mutualism USE: Biological fertilization Water temperature BT: Interspecific relationships Water types RT: Cleaning behaviour Synonymy Commensalism UF: Alternative name Tablemounts Epibiosis Synonysm USE: Guyots Parasites RT: Taxonomy Symbionts Terminology Tables SN: Tabulations of predicted Sympathetic nervous system Synonysm values or of conversions of units. USE: Autonomic nervous system USE: Synonymy Use of a more specific term is recommended Sympatric populations Synopsis UF: Mathematical tables SN: Populations of two or more SN: Comprehensive study on Tables (data) closely related species living in the taxonomy and biology of a species Tables (mathematics) same geographical area or having UF: Monographs BT: Documents overlapped geographical areas RT: Documents NT: Almanacs RT: Allopatric populations Taxonomy Conversion tables Geographical distribution Decompression tables Population genetics Synthetic aperture radar Meteorological tables BT: Microwave radar Navigational tables Symposia RT: Scatterometers Oceanographic tables USE: Conferences Statistical tables Synthetic fibers Tide tables Symptoms USE: Synthetic fibres UF: Syndromes Tables (data) NT: Exophthalmia Synthetic fibre rope USE: Tables Haemorrhage USE: Fibre rope (synthetic) Necroses Tables (mathematics) RT: Disease detection Synthetic fibres USE: Tables Diseases SN: Any types of synthetic fibres used Medicine for construction of nets, ropes, etc. Tables (statistical) UF: Synthetic fibers USE: Statistical tables Synapses RT: Fibre rope (synthetic) SN: Area of functional contact Netting materials Tables (tides) between two nerve cells Plastics USE: Tide tables RT: Nervous system Yarns Neurons Tabular bergs Neurotransmitters Synthetic sea water USE: Icebergs USE: Artificial seawater Synclines Tactile functions BT: Folds System analysis BT: Sense functions RT: Anticlines SN: Including flow charting RT: Tactile organs Geosynclines UF: Systems analysis RT: Computer programs Tactile organs Syndromes Mathematical models BT: Sense organs USE: Symptoms Methodology RT: Barbels Operations research Tactile functions Synecology Simulation Tactile stimuli UF: Biosociology Statistical models BT: Ecology Tactile stimuli RT: Adaptations Systematics BT: Stimuli Aquatic communities USE: Taxonomy RT: Tactile organs Ecological associations Environmental effects Systems analysis Tag returns USE: System analysis USE: Tagging Synergetic effects USE: Synergism T/S curves Tag shedding Synergism USE: T/S diagrams USE: Tags UF: Synergetic effects Synergists T/S diagrams Tagging RT: Antagonism UF: T/S curves UF: Tag returns Behaviour BT: Graphs RT: Biotelemetry Physiology RT: Core layer method Marking Core layers (water) Tagging mortality Synergists Salinity Tags USE: Synergism Vertical profiles Tracking

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Tagging mortality Tanks Taste functions BT: Mortality SN: Description of tanks, their BT: Sense functions RT: Tagging construction and use RT: Taste UF: Water tanks Taste organs Tags BT: Containers SN: Before 1982 search TAGGING. NT: Culture tanks Taste organs Restricted to tags for aquatic Evaporation tanks BT: Sense organs organisms Oil tanks RT: Chemoreceptors UF: Tag shedding Storage tanks Taste functions NT: Sonic tags Towing tanks RT: Tagging Wave tanks Taste tests RT: Tank cleaning UF: Flavour tests Tags (acoustic) Palatability tests USE: Sonic tags Tanner crab fisheries BT: Tests USE: Crab fisheries RT: Palatability Talks Taste USE: Lectures Tantalum BT: Heavy metals Tax rates Talweg USE: Taxes USE: Thalweg Tape recordings (sound) USE: Audio recordings Taxa Tangential stresses NT: New taxa USE: Shear stress Taphrogeny Species USE: Rifting RT: Taxonomy Tangle USE: Kelps Tar Taxation BT: Petroleum hydrocarbons USE: Taxes Tangle nets RT: Oil sands USE: Gillnets Petroleum residues Taxes Tar balls UF: Rates and taxes Tank cleaning Tax rates BT: Cleaning Tar balls Taxation RT: Tanks BT: Solid impurities RT: Operational costs RT: Oil pollution Tanker loading Petroleum residues Taxis SN: Loading/unloading operations Tar BT: Orientation behaviour for oil tankers NT: Chemotaxis RT: Floating hoses Tar sands Phototaxis Loading buoys USE: Oil sands Rheotaxis Offshore operations Tanker ships Target cells Taxonomic keys Tanker terminals BT: Receptors USE: Identification keys RT: Antibodies Tanker ships Hormones Taxonomists UF: Oil tankers BT: Biologists Tankers Target strength RT: Algologists BT: Merchant ships RT: Fish detection Botanists RT: Submarine tankers Fish sizing Carcinologists Tanker loading Sound reflection Entomologists Tanker terminals Ichthyologists Tarns Malacologists Tanker terminals USE: Glacial lakes Taxonomy UF: Oil terminals Zoologists Terminals (oil) Taste BT: Harbours SN: Before 1982 search Taxonomy NT: Deep-water terminals ORGANOLEPTIC UF: Biological classification Offshore terminals PROPERTIES Classification (biological) RT: Gas terminals UF: Flavor Systematics Offshore docking Flavour BT: Classification Tanker loading Gustation NT: Chemotaxonomy Tanker ships BT: Organoleptic properties Numerical taxonomy RT: Off flavour Serological taxonomy Tankers Palatability RT: Biological speciation USE: Tanker ships Taste functions Botany Taste tests Cladistics Holotypes Identification keys

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Meristic counts Technicians BT: Measurement Microbiology Technology transfer NT: Acoustic telemetry Organism morphology Biotelemetry Palaeontology Technology transfer Radio telemetry Palynology UF: Innovation processes RT: Communication systems Phylogenetics Transfer of technologies Data transmission Phylogeny RT: Development projects Monitoring systems Synonymy Extension activities Satellite communication Synopsis International cooperation Signal processing Taxa Technology Taxonomists Telemetry systems Typology Tectonic plates USE: Telemetry Zoology USE: Plates Telephone systems Teaching Tectonics SN: Before 1983 search USE: Education UF: Geotectonics TELEPHONES BT: Geology UF: Telephones Teaching aids NT: Epeirogeny BT: Communication systems USE: Training aids Orogeny RT: Submarine cables Plate tectonics Technetium Vertical tectonics Telephones BT: Heavy metals RT: Marine geology USE: Telephone systems Transition elements Nappes RT: Technetium compounds Rifting Television Technetium isotopes Structural basins USE: Television systems Structural geology Technetium compounds Subsidence Television systems BT: Chemical compounds Tectonophysics SN: Before 1982 search RT: Technetium TELEVISION Tectonophysics UF: Television Technetium isotopes UF: Geodynamics Video networks BT: Isotopes BT: Geophysics BT: Communication systems RT: Technetium RT: Continental drift NT: Underwater television Earth crust RT: Cameras Technical feasibility Moho Radio UF: Technological feasibility Tectonics BT: Feasibility Telex RT: Technology Teeth BT: Communication systems BT: Mouth parts Technicians RT: Radulae Telluric currents BT: Experts UF: Earth currents NT: Aquaculturists Tektites BT: Electric currents RT: Scientific personnel USE: Extraterrestrial material RT: Coast effect Technology Geomagnetic field Telecommunications Magnetotelluric methods Technological feasibility USE: Communication systems Tidal currents USE: Technical feasibility Teleconnections Tellurium Technological knowledge SN: Correlations between BT: Heavy metals USE: Technology oceanographic and climatic RT: Tellurium isotopes events thousands of miles apart Technology RT: Air-sea interaction Tellurium isotopes UF: Technological knowledge El Nino phenomena BT: Isotopes NT: Appropriate technology Ocean-atmosphere system RT: Tellurium Biotechnology Solar-terrestrial activity Fibre optics Temperature anomalies Tellurometers Fishery technology Varves BT: Measuring devices Fishing technology Food technology Teledetection Telson Geotechnology USE: Geosensing BT: Animal appendages Marine technology Materials technology Telemetering Temperate zones Metallurgy USE: Telemetry BT: Climatic zones Ship technology RT: Engineering Telemetry Methodology UF: Telemetering Technical feasibility Telemetry systems

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Temperature Temperature effects Temperature profiles BT: Thermodynamic properties BT: Environmental effects BT: Vertical profiles NT: Air temperature NT: Cold shock RT: CTD profilers Body temperature Heat shock STD profiles Low temperature RT: Bioclimatology Temperature data Potential temperature Pyrolysis Temperature gradients Sediment temperature Temperature preferences Temperature maximum layer Temperature (air-sea) Temperature tolerance Temperature minimum layer Transition temperatures Thermal aquaculture Temperature sections Water temperature Thermal stimuli Water temperature RT: Heat Water temperature Heat budget Winterkill Temperature sections Heat transfer BT: Hydrographic sections Temperature anomalies Temperature fields RT: Bathythermographic data Temperature data BT: Fields Cold water masses Temperature differences RT: Temperature Isotherms Temperature fields Temperature charts Temperature measurement Temperature gradients Temperature data Temperature tolerance UF: Adiabatic lapse rates Temperature profiles Thermal radiation Adiabatic temperature gradient Thermal stratification Thermodynamics NT: Geothermal gradient Thermal structure Thermometers RT: Double diffusion Vertical distribution Thermoreceptors Temperature data Water temperature Temperature inversions Temperature (air-sea) Temperature profiles Temperature tolerance BT: Temperature Thermal stratification UF: Cold tolerance RT: Hurricanes Thermal structure Heat tolerance Thermocline Thermal tolerance Temperature anomalies Water temperature BT: Tolerance BT: Anomalies RT: Aestivation RT: Solar-terrestrial activity Temperature inversion layers Cold resistance Teleconnections USE: Temperature inversions Cryobiology Temperature Eurythermy Temperature inversions Homoiothermy Temperature charts UF: Dicothermal layer Indicator species SN: Charts showing distribution of Temperature inversion layers Stenothermy water temperature BT: Inversions Temperature BT: Hydrographic charts RT: Temperature gradients Temperature effects RT: Isotherms Thermal stratification Temperature preferences Temperature data Vertical stability Thermal stimuli Temperature sections Thermoregulation Water temperature Temperature maximum layer BT: Core layers (water) Templates Temperature contours RT: Temperature minimum layer SN: Pertains to underwater drilling USE: Isotherms Temperature profiles RT: Drilling Wellheads Temperature data Temperature measurement BT: Data UF: Temperature measuring Temporal distribution NT: Water temperature data BT: Measurement BT: Distribution RT: Temperature NT: Geothermal measurement NT: Monthly distribution Temperature charts RT: Temperature Seasonal distribution Temperature differences RT: Geological time Temperature gradients Temperature measuring Quantitative distribution Temperature profiles USE: Temperature measurement Temporal variations Temperature sections Temperature minimum layer Temporal variations Temperature differences BT: Core layers (water) UF: Changes (time) NT: Air-water temperature RT: Temperature maximum layer Variations (time) difference Temperature profiles NT: Long-term changes RT: Artificial upwelling Periodic variations Heat transfer Temperature preferences Short-term changes Temperature SN: Optimum temperature RT: Oscillations Temperature data conditions for an organism Phenology UF: Preferred temperature Temporal distribution RT: Temperature effects Time series Temperature tolerance Time series analysis Thermal aquaculture Variability

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Temporary plankton RT: Genetic abnormalities RT: Clastics USE: Meroplankton Teratogens Eolian deposits Eolian dust Temporary ponds Terbium Flysch SN: Natural water bodies which BT: Lanthanides Glacial deposits remain dry for part of the year Turbidites UF: Ephemeral lakes Terminals (oil) Volcanic ash Temporary waters USE: Tanker terminals Volcanogenic deposits BT: Ponds RT: Drought resistance Terminology Territorial behaviour Droughts SN: Standardization of common or USE: Territoriality scientific names and definition of Temporary waters technical or biological terms Territorial boundaries USE: Temporary ponds UF: Definitions USE: Boundaries Nomenclature Tendous musculature RT: Acronyms Territorial seas USE: Muscles Glossaries USE: Territorial waters Tensile strength Standardization BT: Strength Standards Territorial waters RT: Deformation Synonymy UF: Territorial seas Elasticity Thesaurus BT: Ocean space Poisson's ratio Vernacular names RT: Coastal states Shear strength Contiguous zones Stress-strain relations Terpenes Continental shelves Tension UF: Monoterpenes Exclusive economic zone BT: Polyunsaturated hydrocarbons Fishing rights Tensiometers RT: Antibiotics International boundaries USE: Tensometers Seaweeds Territoriality Tension Terraces SN: Animal behaviour related to BT: Stress (mechanics) UF: Deep-sea terraces defending a territory from intruders. NT: Surface tension Submarine terraces Before 1984 search also RT: Tensile strength BT: Topographic features TERRITORIAL BEHAVIOUR NT: Alluvial terraces UF: Territorial behaviour Tension leg platforms RT: Beach morphology BT: Behaviour UF: Tethered buoyant platforms Fluvial morphology RT: Aggressive behaviour BT: Fixed platforms Raised beaches Competitive behaviour RT: Floating structures Strandlines Dominance hierarchies Wave-cut platforms Home range Tensometers UF: Tensiometers Terrestrial atmosphere Territory BT: Measuring devices USE: Earth atmosphere USE: Home range

Tentacles Terrestrial magnetism Tertiary BT: Animal appendages USE: Geomagnetism SN: Before 1982 search NT: Sense tentacles TERTIARY PERIOD RT: Polyps Terrestrial radiation BT: Cenozoic Tephra SN: Use for long wave radiation NT: Neogene BT: Volcanic rocks component of atmosphere Palaeogene NT: Volcanic breccia UF: Long wave radiation Volcanic lapilli Net terrestrial radiation Test equipment RT: Ash layers BT: Electromagnetic radiation SN: Equipment used for testing Clastics NT: Downward long wave radiation apparatus and efficiency of gear Sedimentary rocks Upward long wave radiation UF: Test facilities Volcanic eruptions RT: Cloud cover BT: Equipment Greenhouse effect RT: Electronic equipment Teratogens Infrared radiation Hydraulic models SN: Agents that raise the incidence Radiation balance Laboratory equipment of congenital malformations Radiative transfer Measuring devices RT: Genetic abnormalities Surface radiation temperature Sensors Teratology Testing Terrigenous deposits Tests Teratology USE: Terrigenous sediments Towing tanks SN: Science treating malformations Wave tanks and monstrosities of plants and Terrigenous sediments Wind tunnels animals. Before 1982 search UF: Terrigenous deposits ABNORMALITIES BT: Sediments

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Test facilities BT: Underwater vehicles Thermal aquaculture USE: Test equipment NT: Tethered free-swimming vehicles UF: Heated effluent systems RT: Diving bells Thermal fish farming Test fishing Observation chambers BT: Aquaculture techniques USE: Experimental fishing Seabed vehicles RT: Cage culture Towed vehicles Fish culture Test methods Freshwater aquaculture USE: Tests Tetrodotoxin Open systems BT: Biological poisons Pond culture Test organisms RT: Neurotoxins Shellfish culture BT: Aquatic organisms Temperature effects RT: Bioassays Texture Temperature preferences Indicator species BT: Surface properties Thermal plumes Toxicity tests NT: Sediment texture Thermal pollution RT: Porosity Warm-water aquaculture Testes Waste heat BT: Gonads Thalassothermal power RT: Castration USE: OTEC Thermal capacity Fecundity USE: Specific heat Spermatogenesis Thallium Sterility BT: Heavy metals Thermal conductivity UF: Conductivity (thermal) Testing Thallus BT: Thermodynamic properties NT: Biotesting BT: Plant organs RT: Eddy conductivity Materials testing Geothermal gradient RT: Acceptability Thalweg Heat conduction Calibration SN: A line connecting the lowest Heat flow Inspection points along a stream bed or a valley Ice properties Intercomparison UF: Talweg Specific heat Performance assessment Valley line Thermal diffusivity Quality control BT: Horizontal profiles Water properties Test equipment RT: River valleys Tests Submarine canyons Thermal convection USE: Cellular convection Tests Thaw-drip SN: More specific term is USE: Thawing Thermal decomposition recommended BT: Degradation UF: Laboratory tests Thawing RT: River plumes Test methods SN: Thawing of frozen products. Thermal plumes NT: Acceptance tests For melting of ice/snow on land Thermal pollution Bioassays and in frozen soil, use ICE Thermodynamic properties Taste tests MELTING. For preventing and Toxicity tests removing rime and glaze from Thermal diffusion RT: Accuracy decks, superstructures, BT: Diffusion Analysis equipment, etc., use DE-ICING RT: Thermal diffusivity Certification UF: Defrosting Thermal plumes Procedures Thaw-drip Quality assurance RT: Deicing Thermal diffusivity Test equipment Freezing UF: Thermometric conductivity Testing Frozen products BT: Thermodynamic properties Ice melting RT: Eddy diffusivity Tests for significant differences Refrigeration Thermal conductivity USE: Statistical analysis Thermal diffusion Therapy Water properties Tethered buoyant platforms UF: Disease treatment USE: Tension leg platforms Treatment for diseases Thermal domes RT: Disease control RT: Thermal structure Tethered free-swimming vehicles Disease detection BT: Free-swimming vehicles Diseases Thermal effluents Tethered vehicles Drugs USE: Thermal pollution Immunology Tethered vehicles Medicine Thermal equilibrium SN: Underwater vehicles cable Pathology USE: Thermodynamic equilibrium controlled and/or powered Pharmacology through a surface connecting Prophylaxis cable. Before 1982 search TOWED BODIES

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Thermal expansion Thermal radiation Thermistor chains UF: Thermal expansion coefficient UF: Heat radiation UF: Thermistor arrays BT: Thermodynamic properties BT: Radiations BT: Arrays RT: Specific volume RT: Electromagnetic radiation RT: Oceanographic equipment Water properties Heat Thermistors Heat transfer Thermal expansion coefficient Solar radiation Thermistors USE: Thermal expansion Temperature RT: Electronic equipment Thermodynamic properties Flowmeters Thermal fish farming Ultraviolet radiation Thermistor chains USE: Thermal aquaculture XBTs Thermal springs (geothermal) Thermal fronts USE: Geothermal springs Thermocline BT: Fronts BT: Discontinuity layers Thermal springs (hot) NT: Diurnal thermocline Thermal imagery USE: Hot springs Permanent thermocline USE: Infrared imagery Seasonal thermocline Thermal springs (hydrothermal) RT: Clines Thermal infrared imagery USE: Hydrothermal springs Environmental factors USE: Infrared imagery Epilimnion Thermal stimuli Hypolimnion Thermal insulation BT: Stimuli Isotherms BT: Insulating materials RT: Body temperature Metalimnion Temperature effects Mixed layer depth Thermal IR imagery Temperature tolerance Pycnocline USE: Infrared imagery Thermodynamic properties Surface layers Thermoregulation Surface mixed layer Thermal microstructure Temperature gradients SN: Variations in the distribution Thermal stratification Thermal stratification of temperature on a scale of 10 UF: Stratification (thermal) Thermal structure cm or less BT: Stratification Thermocline decay BT: Microstructure RT: Cold water masses Vertical distribution RT: Water temperature Discontinuity layers Water column Epilimnion Water masses Thermal plumes Heat budget Water temperature SN: Plumes caused by discharge of Hypolimnion heated effluents in lakes, Intermediate water masses Thermocline (lakes) estuaries or marine coastal zones Metalimnion USE: Metalimnion BT: Plumes Physical limnology RT: Thermal aquaculture Physical oceanography Thermocline decay Thermal decomposition Sound channels UF: Erosion (thermocline) Thermal diffusion Temperature gradients Thermocline erosion Thermal pollution Temperature inversions RT: Surface mixed layer Water mixing Temperature sections Thermocline Thermal structure Thermal pollution Thermocline Thermocline depth UF: Thermal effluents Thermodynamic properties USE: Mixed layer depth BT: Pollution Water circulation RT: Cooling ponds Water temperature Thermocline erosion Cooling water USE: Thermocline decay Heat Thermal structure Radioactive wastes RT: Atmospheric forcing Thermocouple arrays Thermal aquaculture Hurricanes BT: Arrays Thermal decomposition Temperature gradients RT: Thermocouples Thermal plumes Temperature sections Thermodynamic properties Thermal domes Thermocouples Water pollution Thermal stratification RT: Electronic equipment Water temperature Thermocline Thermocouple arrays Thermostads Thermal power Water temperature Thermodynamic activity BT: Power from the sea UF: Activity coefficient NT: Geothermal power Thermal tolerance Chemical activity OTEC USE: Temperature tolerance BT: Thermodynamic properties RT: Artificial upwelling RT: Chemical equilibrium Thermistor arrays Chemical reactions Thermal properties USE: Thermistor chains Thermodynamics USE: Thermodynamic properties

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Thermodynamic equilibrium Thermoreceptors Thorium compounds UF: Thermal equilibrium BT: Receptors Thorium isotopes BT: Equilibrium RT: Temperature Thermodynamic properties Thermoregulation Thorium compounds RT: Chemical equilibrium BT: Actinide compounds Thermodynamics Thermoregulation RT: Thorium Thermodynamic properties UF: Thermoregulators SN: Before 1982 search Thermoregulatory behaviour Thorium isotopes THERMAL PROPERTIES RT: Aestivation BT: Isotopes UF: Heat properties Body temperature RT: Thorium Thermal properties Dormancy Thorium-230/thorium-232 dating BT: Physical properties Hibernation NT: Enthalpy Homoiothermy Thorium-230/thorium-232 dating Entropy Poikilothermy BT: Radiometric dating Free energy Temperature tolerance RT: Thorium isotopes Specific heat Thermal stimuli Temperature Thermoreceptors Three phase flow Thermal conductivity USE: Multiphase flow Thermal diffusivity Thermoregulators Thermal expansion USE: Thermoregulation Threonine Thermodynamic activity BT: Amino acids Thermodynamic equilibrium Thermoregulatory behaviour RT: Chemical properties USE: Thermoregulation Thrust faults Electrical properties BT: Faults Heat Thermostads Thermal decomposition RT: Thermal structure Thrusters Thermal pollution Water masses BT: Propulsion systems Thermal radiation Water temperature RT: Dynamic positioning Thermal stimuli Propellers Thermal stratification Thermosteric anomalies Shipboard equipment Thermodynamics BT: Specific volume anomalies Vapour pressure RT: In situ density Thunderstorms Isothermal processes BT: Storms Thermodynamics RT: Lightning BT: Physics Thesaurus BT: Documents RT: Adiabatic processes Thymus Enthalpy RT: Terminology SN: Before 1982 search Entropy ENDOCRINE GLANDS Equations of state Thiamine USE: Vitamin B BT: Endocrine glands Heat Heat sinks Thickness Thyroid Heat transfer SN: Before 1982 search Isothermal processes BT: Dimensions NT: Crustal thickness ENDOCRINE GLANDS Phase changes UF: Parathyroid Temperature Ice thickness RT: depth BT: Endocrine glands Thermodynamic activity RT: Nervous system Thermodynamic equilibrium Thixotropy Thermodynamic properties Tidal amplitude RT: Gels BT: Wave amplitude Thermohaline circulation RT: Astronomical tides BT: Ocean circulation Tholeiite BT: Basalts Tidal power NT: Haline circulation Tidal range RT: Wind-driven circulation RT: Pyroxenes Quartz Tidal waves

Thermometers Silica Tholeiitic basalt Tidal analysis UF: Deep-sea thermometers BT: Wave analysis Reversing thermometers Tholeiitic basalt RT: Fourier analysis BT: Measuring devices BT: Basalts Harmonic analysis RT: Bathythermographs RT: Tholeiite Response analysis CTD profilers Tidal constants STD profilers Thorax Tidal constituents Temperature BT: Body regions Tidal motion RT: Animal appendages Tidal perturbation Thermometric conductivity Cephalothorax Tidal prediction USE: Thermal diffusivity Thorium Tide generating potential Thermophototropism BT: Actinides Tides USE: Phototropism RT: Monazite Time series analysis

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Tidal barrages Oscillatory flow Tidal energy dissipation BT: Barrages Telluric currents USE: Tidal dissipation RT: Storm surge barriers Tidal inlets Tidal power Tidal mixing Tidal environment Tidal power plants Tidal waves USE: Intertidal environment Tide tables Tidal barriers Tides Tidal equations USE: Storm surge barriers BT: Equations Tidal curves RT: Laplace equation Tidal bores UF: Marigram Numerical analysis UF: Bores BT: Analog records Bores in estuaries RT: Tidal records Tidal flats Eagre UF: Intertidal flats Mascaret Tidal cycles BT: Coastal landforms BT: Shallow water waves BT: Cycles RT: Coastal zone RT: Hydraulic jump RT: Eastern boundary currents Estuarine sedimentation Ebb currents Intertidal environment Tidal channels Flood currents Intertidal sedimentation USE: Tidal inlets Tidal models Mud Tidal range Mud banks Tidal charts Tides Salt marshes UF: Corange charts Tides BT: Hydrographic charts Tidal datum NT: Cotidal charts BT: Datum levels Tidal flow RT: Current charts RT: Mean sea level USE: Tidal currents Tidal prediction Tide gauges Tide tables Tidal friction Tidal deposits BT: Friction Tidal components RT: Estuarine sedimentation RT: Bottom friction USE: Tidal constituents Intertidal sedimentation Earth rotation Sediments Tidal dissipation Tidal constants Shelf sedimentation Tidal energy UF: Harmonic tidal constants Trace fossils Tidal harmonic constants Tidal harmonic constants RT: Harmonic functions Tidal dissipation USE: Tidal constants Tidal analysis UF: Tidal energy dissipation Tidal constituents BT: Wave dissipation Tidal inlets RT: Tidal energy UF: Tidal channels Tidal constituents Tidal friction BT: Coastal inlets SN: Before 1983 search also Tidal power RT: Barrier islands TIDAL COMPONENTS Channels UF: Harmonic tidal constituents Tidal dynamics Estuaries Partial tides BT: Wave dynamics Flushing Tidal components RT: Tidal motion Tidal currents RT: Harmonic functions Tidal propagation Lunar tides Tidal waves Tidal loading Pole tides Tides USE: Ocean loading Radiational tides Solar tides Tidal effects Tidal mixing Tidal analysis BT: Environmental effects UF: Tidal stirring Tidal constants RT: Beach erosion BT: Water mixing Tides RT: Shelf dynamics Tidal current charts Tidal currents USE: Current charts Tidal elevation USE: Tidal range Tidal models Tidal current tables BT: Mathematical models USE: Tide tables Tidal energy RT: Tidal cycles SN: Used for the natural energy Tidal currents bound up in tidal motion of water Tidal motion UF: Tidal flow bodies. For exploitation of that SN: Only to be used for general Tidal stream energy, e.g. for generating treatment of tidal motion in BT: Water currents electricity, use TIDAL POWER hydrosphere, atmosphere and NT: Ebb currents BT: Wave energy solid earth Flood currents RT: Tidal dissipation BT: Motion Rotary currents Tidal friction NT: Atmospheric tides RT: Estuarine dynamics Tidal power Earth tides Longshore currents Tides

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RT: Fluid motion Tidal stirring Tides Tidal analysis USE: Tidal mixing SN: Use for general papers on tidal Tidal dynamics motion in oceans, seas, lakes etc. Tidal stream UF: Tides (hydrosphere) Tidal oscillations USE: Tidal currents BT: Tidal motion BT: Oscillations NT: Astronomical tides RT: Tidal resonance Tidal waves Barotropic tides SN: Not to be used for TSUNAMIS Diurnal tides Tidal perturbation UF: Poincare waves Estuarine tides BT: Perturbations BT: Surface water waves High tide RT: Nodal tides RT: Intertidal environment Long-period tides Tidal analysis Shallow water waves Low tide Tidal amplitude Lunar tides Tidal pools Tidal currents Meteorological tides UF: Rock pools Tidal dynamics Neap tides Tide pools Tidal propagation Nodal tides RT: Intertidal environment Tides Ocean tides Tsunamis Pole tides Tidal power Radiational tides BT: Power from the sea Tide gauges Semidiurnal tides RT: Hydroelectric power UF: Tide measuring equipment Shallow water tides Tidal amplitude Tide pole Solar tides Tidal barrages Tide staff Spring tides Tidal dissipation BT: Gauges RT: Atmospheric tides Tidal energy NT: Deep-sea tide gauges Dynamical oceanography Tidal power plants RT: Pressure sensors Earth tides Tidal range Tidal datum Ecological zonation Tides Tidal records Moon phases Wave power Ocean loading Tide generating forces Sea level Tidal power plants USE: Tide generating potential Surges BT: Hydroelectric power plants Tidal analysis RT: Tidal barrages Tide generating potential Tidal currents Tidal power UF: Tide generating forces Tidal cycles Tide potential Tidal dynamics Tidal prediction RT: Tidal analysis Tidal effects UF: Tide predicting machines Tidal flats Tide prediction Tide measuring equipment Tidal power BT: Prediction USE: Tide gauges Tidal prediction RT: Tidal analysis Tidal waves Tidal charts Tide pole Tide tables USE: Tide gauges Tides (atmospheric) Tides USE: Atmospheric tides Tide pools Tidal propagation USE: Tidal pools Tides (earth) BT: Wave propagation USE: Earth tides RT: Cotidal charts Tide potential Tidal dynamics USE: Tide generating potential Tides (hydrosphere) Tidal waves USE: Tides Tide predicting machines Tidal range USE: Tidal prediction Tide-surge interaction UF: Tidal elevation UF: Surge-tide interaction RT: Cotidal lines Tide prediction BT: Interactions Tidal amplitude USE: Tidal prediction Wave-wave interaction Tidal cycles RT: Shallow water tides Tidal power Tide staff Storm surge barriers USE: Tide gauges Storm surges Tidal records Tide tables BT: Analog records UF: Tables (tides) Tie-in RT: Tidal curves Tidal current tables USE: Connecting Tide gauges BT: Tables RT: Current charts Tilapia culture Tidal resonance Current velocity USE: Fish culture BT: Resonance Oceanographic tables RT: Tidal oscillations Tidal charts Tilapia diseases Tidal scour Tidal currents USE: Fish diseases USE: Current scouring Tidal prediction

281 ASFA THESAURUS

Tilapia industry UF: Biological tissues Lethal limits USE: Fishery industry NT: Connective tissues Limiting factors Epithelia Survival Tilapia nutrition Nervous tissues USE: Animal nutrition RT: Anatomical structures Tolerances (dimensional) Animal organs RT: Design Till Calcification Structural analysis USE: Boulder clay Cells Grafting Tombolos Tiltmeters Histochemistry BT: Beach features BT: Slope indicators Histology RT: Earth tides Histopathology Tomography Geophysical equipment Muscles SN: A radiological technique that Seismology Plant organs shows a single plane (slice) of the Strain gauges Tissue culture object under examination, typically a Transplants part of an organism. Also used in Time measuring equipment Ultrastructure non-destructive materials testing. USE: Chronometers UF: CAT scan Titanite Computed tomography Time series UF: Sphene Computerized axial tomography RT: Fixed stations BT: Silicate minerals CT scan Oceanographic data BT: Radiography Probability theory Titanium RT: Acoustic tomography Standard ocean sections BT: Heavy metals Anatomy Temporal variations Transition elements Imaging techniques Time series analysis RT: Ferromanganese nodules Materials testing Ilmenite Nondestructive testing Time series analysis Rutile Organism morphology BT: Statistical analysis Titanium compounds RT: Correlation analysis Tools (underwater) Fourier analysis Titanium compounds USE: Diving tools Harmonic analysis BT: Chemical compounds Spectral analysis RT: Titanium Topographic effects Stochastic processes SN: Influence of topography on Temporal variations Titration fluid flow Tidal analysis UF: Amperometric titration NT: Bottom topography effects Time series Chelatometric titration RT: Contour currents Potentiometric titration Flow over surfaces Timing devices Titration techniques Lee waves USE: Chronometers BT: Analytical techniques Wave trapping RT: Chemical reactions Tin Salinity measurement Topographic features BT: Heavy metals Volumetric analysis UF: Physiographic features RT: Cassiterite Relief forms Tin compounds Titration techniques NT: Banks (topography) Tributyltin USE: Titration Beach features Channels Tin compounds TOC Escarpments BT: Chemical compounds USE: Total organic carbon Landforms RT: Tin Submarine features Tributyltin Tocopherol Terraces USE: Vitamin E RT: Basins Tissue culture Bed forms BT: Laboratory culture Todorokite Erosion features RT: Cell culture BT: Oxide minerals Geomorphology Culture media Glacial features Tissues Tolerance Physiographic provinces BT: Biological properties Slopes (topography) Tissue morphology NT: Exposure tolerance Topographic maps USE: Histology Pollution tolerance Topography Salinity tolerance Tissue transplants Temperature tolerance Topographic maps USE: Transplants Toxicity tolerance BT: Maps RT: Adaptations RT: Bathymetric charts Tissues Biological resistance Geological maps SN: Aggregation of similar cells Ecophysiology Topographic features having the same functions Environmental effects Topographic surveying

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Topographic planetary waves Tourism Towing tanks USE: Planetary waves RT: Recreation BT: Tanks RT: Laboratory equipment Topographic surveying Tourmaline Test equipment BT: Surveying BT: Silicate minerals Wave tanks RT: Beach profiles Topographic maps Towed bodies Toxicants RT: Towed body design SN: Artificial poisons and their Topographic waves Towed sensors effects BT: Water waves Towing RT: Algicides Underwater vehicles DDT Topography Detoxification NT: Dynamic topography Towed body design Hazardous materials Surface topography BT: Design Heavy metals Topography (geology) RT: Ship technology Mortality causes RT: Contours Towed bodies PCB Mapping Towed sensors Pesticides Topographic features Towed vehicles Phenols Towing Repellents Topography (geology) Underwater vehicles Rotenone BT: Topography Toxicity NT: Bottom topography Towed sensors Toxicity tests Subaereal topography UF: Fish (towed sensors) Toxicology BT: Sensors Tornadoes RT: Cable depressors Toxicity RT: Atmospheric disturbances Towed bodies SN: Nature and virulence of toxic Low pressure systems Towed body design and poisonous substances Storms Towed vehicles BT: Biological properties Vortices Towing lines NT: Cytotoxicity Waterspouts Underwater vehicles RT: Allergic reactions Winds Undulators Antibodies Biological poisons Torque Towed vehicles Biotesting BT: Stress (mechanics) SN: Unmanned underwater Detoxification RT: Shear stress vehicles lacking self-propulsion Endoparasites and free-swimming capability Food poisoning Total allowable catch UF: Deep tow Heavy metals UF: Allowable catch BT: Unmanned vehicles Immunology RT: Catch statistics RT: Tethered vehicles Lethal effects Quota regulations Towed body design Lethal limits Towed sensors Pathology Total mortality Towing Pollution effects UF: Total mortality coefficient Towing lines Radioactive contamination BT: Mortality Red tides RT: Fishing mortality Towers Sublethal effects Natural mortality SN: Fixed structures used as Survival instrument platforms Toxicants Total mortality coefficient BT: Stabilized platforms Toxicity tests USE: Total mortality Toxicology Towing Total organic carbon RT: Barges Toxicity indices UF: TOC Towed bodies USE: Toxicity tests BT: Organic carbon Towed body design RT: Dissolved organic carbon Towed vehicles Toxicity tests Towing lines UF: Toxicity indices Total oxygen demand Tugs BT: Tests USE: Oxygen demand Winches RT: Bioassays Biotesting Total scattering coefficient Towing lines Hazard assessment USE: Scattering coefficient BT: Cables Pollutant identification RT: Cable depressors Test organisms Toughness Mooring lines Toxicants UF: Durability Ropes Toxicity BT: Mechanical properties Towed sensors Toxicity tolerance RT: Wear Towed vehicles Toxicology Towing

283 ASFA THESAURUS

Toxicity tolerance Cruises Training UF: Poison tolerance Station lists SN: Before 1982 search BT: Tolerance EDUCATION RT: Bioaccumulation Tracking RT: Education Sublethal effects UF: Acoustic tracking Extension activities Toxicity tests Continuous tracking Training aids Toxicology Fish tracking Training centres Radio tracking Toxicology Tracking systems Training aids UF: Drug toxicology Ultrasonic tracking UF: Teaching aids NT: Ecotoxicology NT: Hurricane tracking RT: Audiovisual materials RT: Biological poisons RT: Biotelemetry Manuals Detoxification Detection Simulators Pharmacology Echo surveys Training Pollutants Identification Toxicants Locating Training centers Toxicity Tagging USE: Training centres Toxicity tests Toxicity tolerance Tracking systems Training centres USE: Tracking UF: Training centers Toxins RT: Education establishments USE: Biological poisons Traction Training RT: Bed load Trace elements Particle motion Training programmes NT: Trace metals Sediment transport USE: Curricula RT: Chemical elements Nutrients (mineral) Traction load Trammels Tracers USE: Bed load USE: Entangling nets

Trace fossils Trade Transboundary stocks BT: Biogenic sedimentary UF: Exports USE: Shared stocks structures Foreign trade NT: Fossilized tracks Imports Transcription RT: Burrows International trade RT: Documents Fossils RT: Commerce Palaeontology Economics Transducer arrays Tidal deposits Globalization BT: Acoustic arrays Marketing RT: Transducers Trace metals Pricing BT: Trace elements Trade organizations Transducers RT: Metals BT: Equipment Trade associations NT: Acoustic transducers Tracer techniques USE: Trade organizations Piezoelectric transducers NT: Isotope dilution Ultrasonic transducers RT: Tracers Trade organizations RT: Accelerometers UF: Trade associations Pressure sensors Tracers BT: Organizations Strain gauges NT: Dyes RT: Trade Transducer arrays Radioactive tracers RT: Isotopes Trade shows Transduction Sediment transport USE: Exhibitions RT: Bacteriophages Trace elements Tracer techniques Trade winds Transfer chambers UF: Tropical easterlies USE: Decompression chambers Trachea BT: Planetary winds SN: Before 1982 search NT: Equatorial easterlies Transfer of properties RESPIRATORY ORGANS RT: Coastal upwelling USE: Energy transfer UF: Tracheal system Tropical meteorology BT: Respiratory organs Transfer of technologies Traffic management USE: Technology transfer Tracheal system RT: Collision avoidance USE: Trachea Navigation regulations Transferases Shipping SN: Before 1982 search Track charts Shipping lanes ENZYMES BT: Maps BT: Enzymes RT: Cruise reports Cruise stations

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Transform faults Transmission Before 1982 search STOCKING BT: Faults NT: Light transmission (ORGANISMS) RT: Mid-ocean ridges Sound transmission UF: Transplantation techniques Plate tectonics RT: Absorption (physics) RT: Introduced species Transform plate boundaries Attenuation Seeding (aquaculture) Reflection Stocking (organisms) Transform plate boundaries Transmission loss BT: Plate boundaries Wave motion Transplantation techniques RT: Transform faults USE: Transplantation Transmission (water waves) Transgenic organisms USE: Wave propagation Transplants USE: Genetically Modified SN: Tissue or organ grafted or Organisms Transmission loss transplanted to another part of the UF: Absorption loss same individual or to another Transgressions Reflection loss individual UF: Marine transgressions Refraction loss UF: Biological transplantation RT: Coasts Scattering loss Grafts Deglaciation Sound transmission loss Organ transplants Eustatic changes RT: Transmission Tissue transplants Regressions RT: Body organs Retrogradation Transmission of diseases Organ removal Sea level changes USE: Disease transmission Tissues Submerged shorelines Submergence Transmissometers Transponder arrays BT: Light measuring instruments BT: Acoustic arrays Transient polymorphism RT: Light absorption RT: Transponders USE: Biopolymorphism Transmittance Transponder navigation Trans-isopycnal mixing BT: Optical properties USE: Acoustic navigation BT: Water mixing NT: Beam transmittance RT: Double diffusive instability RT: Attenuance Transponders Internal wave breaking Light attenuation NT: Acoustic transponders Kelvin-Helmholtz instability Light penetration RT: Electronic equipment Mixing processes Optical water types Transponder arrays Turbidity Transition elements Water transparency Transport BT: Metals SN: Use of a more specific term is NT: Chromium Transparency recommended. For carriage of Cobalt BT: Optical properties goods and passengers, use Copper NT: Water transparency TRANSPORTATION Gold RT: Light absorption NT: Ekman transport Iron Light refraction Heat transport Manganese Light transmission Mass transport Molybdenum Turbidity Sediment transport Nickel Sverdrup transport Platinum Transparency (water) Volume transport Scandium USE: Water transparency RT: Transport processes Silver Technetium Transparency meters Transport (vehicular) Titanium USE: Beam transmittance meters USE: Transportation Tungsten Vanadium Transpiration Transport processes Zirconium NT: Evapotranspiration NT: Advection RT: Actinides RT: Carbon cycle Diffusion Rare earths Cuticles RT: Salt fingers Dehydration Transport Transition temperatures Evaporation Water motion BT: Temperature Photosynthesis NT: Boiling point Respiration Transportation Dew point Stomata SN: Carriage of goods and Freezing point Water balance passengers Melting point Water content UF: Transport (vehicular) RT: Phase changes NT: Air transportation Transplantation Marine transportation Translations SN: Artificial introduction of RT: Cargoes RT: Documents organisms into habitats where Vehicles they do not occur naturally.

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Transuranic elements Trash fish Ploughs BT: Metals SN: Fish and other aquatic Soil mechanics NT: Americium organisms without commercial Trenches (pipelines) Californium value for human food market Curium UF: Industrial fish Triassic Neptunium Rough fish SN: Before 1982 search TRIASSIC Plutonium BT: Fish PERIOD BT: Mesozoic Transverse bars Trawl selectivity UF: Finger bars USE: Gear selectivity Tributaries BT: Nearshore bars BT: Rivers RT: Transverse bed forms Trawl nets RT: Distributaries UF: Trawls Fluvial morphology Transverse bed forms BT: Fishing nets BT: Bed forms NT: Bottom trawls Tributyltin RT: Antidunes Midwater trawls RT: Tin Gravel waves RT: Net sounders Tin compounds Ripple marks Otter boards Sand patches Trawlers Trichloroethylene Sand ripples Trawling BT: Chlorinated hydrocarbons Sand waves Trawlers Transverse bars UF: Beam trawlers Triple junctions Unidirectional flow Otter trawlers RT: Plate boundaries Pair trawlers Plates Transverse mixing BT: Fishing vessels Tritium BT: Water mixing RT: Pelagic fisheries BT: Hydrogen isotopes Trawl nets Trap fishing Trawling Troll lines UF: Trapping USE: Lines BT: Catching methods Trawling Fishing UF: Pair trawling Trollers RT: Bait BT: Net fishing USE: Liners Bait fishing NT: Bottom trawling Crab fisheries RT: Flatfish fisheries Trolling Gastropod fisheries Gadoid fisheries BT: Line fishing Lobster fisheries Net sounders RT: Liners Trap nets Otter boards Lines Trawl nets Trap nets Trawlers Trophic levels UF: Fish traps RT: Biological production Fyke nets Trawls Carnivores Pound nets USE: Trawl nets Ecosystems Traps Energy flow BT: Fishing nets Tray culture Feeding behaviour RT: Pots BT: Aquaculture techniques Food chains Trap fishing RT: Oyster culture Herbivores Omnivores Trapped waves Treaties Trophodynamic cycle UF: Bottom trapped waves USE: International agreements Coastal trapped waves Trophic relationships BT: Water waves Treatment for diseases RT: Food webs NT: Edge waves USE: Therapy Interspecific relationships Kelvin waves Intraspecific relationships Shelf waves Trenches (oceanic) Trophic structure Surf beats USE: Oceanic trenches Trophodynamic cycle RT: Nonlinear waves Wave trapping Trenches (pipelines) Trophic status RT: Ocean floor USE: Trophic structure Trapping Pipelines USE: Trap fishing Trenching Trophic structure UF: Trophic status Traps Trenching UF: Ditching Trophic zonality USE: Trap nets RT: Ecosystems Ploughing trenches RT: Burying Trophic relationships Trash USE: Litter Dredging Pipeline construction Trophic zonality USE: Trophic structure

286 ASFA THESAURUS

Trophodynamic cycle Equatorial dynamics Flooding UF: Food cycle Equatorial trough Floods BT: Cycles Hurricanes Shallow water waves RT: Biogenic material Monsoons Surface gravity waves Biological production Trade winds Tidal waves Energy flow Tropical depressions Tsunami generation Feeding behaviour Tropical environment Tsunami prediction Food webs Tropical oceanography Volcanic eruptions Heterotrophic organisms Wave effects Nutritional requirements Tropical oceanography Trophic levels BT: Oceanography Tube dwellers Trophic relationships RT: Equatorial circulation SN: Organisms living in a Equatorial dynamics constructed tube Tropical aquaculture Hurricane waves UF: Tube dwelling organisms USE: Warm-water aquaculture Monsoon reversal Tubiculous organisms Monsoons BT: Aquatic organisms Tropical climate Tropical environment RT: Benthos USE: Tropical environment Tropical meteorology Tube dwelling organisms Tropical climatology Tropical storms USE: Tube dwellers USE: Tropical meteorology USE: Tropical depressions Tuberculosis UF: Mycobacterial infections Tropical cyclones Tropism BT: Bacterial diseases USE: Hurricanes NT: Chemotropism RT: Fish diseases Geotropism Tropical depressions Phototropism Tubiculous organisms SN: Before 1982 search also Rheotropism USE: Tube dwellers TROPICAL CYCLONES RT: Behaviour UF: Tropical storms Orientation behaviour Tubing BT: Atmospheric depressions Stimuli SN: Use for tubular construction NT: Hurricanes and structural components RT: Atmospheric disturbances Tropopause RT: Cylinders Easterly waves BT: Earth atmosphere Node construction Tropical meteorology RT: Stratosphere Pipes Weather forecasting Troposphere Troposphere Tugs Tropical easterlies BT: Earth atmosphere BT: Ships USE: Trade winds RT: Air temperature RT: Support ships Atmospheric boundary layer Towing Tropical environment Atmospheric fronts SN: For global treatment of regional Jet stream Tumbling disease aspects of tropical waters use Stratosphere USE: Whirling disease WORLD TROPICAL REGIONS in Tropopause Geographic Authority List Weather Tumors UF: Tropical climate USE: Tumours BT: Environments Trout fisheries RT: Dry season USE: Salmon fisheries Tumours Monsoons UF: Carcinoma Rainy season Tsunami generation Hepatoma Tropical lakes BT: Wave generation Neoplasms Tropical meteorology RT: Earthquakes Sarcoma Tropical oceanography Landslides Tumors Tsunamis BT: Diseases Tropical fish RT: Antitumour agents BT: Fish Tsunami prediction Carcinogenesis RT: Coral reefs BT: Prediction Tuna fisheries Marine fish RT: Tsunamis Ornamental fish UF: Albacore fisheries Warning services Billfisheries

Tropical lakes Bonito fisheries Tsunamis King mackerel fisheries BT: Lakes UF: Seismic sea waves RT: Dry season Skipjack tuna fisheries Tunamis Swordfish fisheries Tropical environment BT: Surface water waves Tropical meteorology BT: Finfish fisheries RT: Catastrophic waves RT: Mackerel fisheries UF: Tropical climatology Disasters BT: Meteorology Marine fisheries Earthquakes Pelagic fisheries RT: Easterly waves Edge waves

287 ASFA THESAURUS

Tunamis Density flow Plumes USE: Tsunamis Nepheloid layer Salt-wedge estuaries Sediment transport Separation Tungsten Turbidites Turbulent flow BT: Heavy metals Turbidity Transition elements Turbidity current structures Turbulent exchange RT: Tungsten compounds USE: Eddy flux Turbidity sensors Tungsten compounds USE: Turbidimeters Turbulent flow BT: Chemical compounds BT: Fluid flow RT: Tungsten Turbines NT: Cavitation BT: Motors Turbulent shear flow Tunnels RT: Power plants RT: Channel flow RT: Bridges Propulsion systems Eddy viscosity Straits Laminar flow Turbulence Multiphase flow Turbidimeters UF: Isotropic turbulence Reynolds number UF: Turbidity sensors NT: Atmospheric turbulence Reynolds stresses BT: Measuring devices Oceanic turbulence Turbulence RT: Light measuring instruments RT: Diffusion Turbulent boundary layer Turbidity Eddy conductivity Turbulent entrainment Eddy diffusivity Turbidites Eddy viscosity Turbulent heat transfer BT: Clastics Reynolds stresses USE: Eddy conduction RT: Deep-sea fans Turbidity Terrigenous sediments Turbulent boundary layer Turbulent jets Turbidity currents Turbulent diffusion USE: Jets Turbulent flow Turbidity Turbulent transfer Turbulent shear flow BT: Physical properties Vortices BT: Shear flow RT: Absorption spectra Vorticity Turbulent flow Aerosols Wakes Colloids Water circulation Turbulent shear stresses Detritus Wave interactions USE: Reynolds stresses Haze Light absorption Turbulence measurement Turbulent transfer Light attenuation BT: Flow measurement RT: Turbulence Light scattering RT: Anemometers Nepheloid layer Atmospheric turbulence Turions Particle concentration Wind measuring equipment BT: Plant reproductive structures Particle distribution Particle size Turbulent boundary layer Turnover River plumes BT: Boundary layers USE: Overturn Suspended inorganic matter RT: Laminar boundary layer Suspended organic matter Reynolds stresses Turtle culture Suspended particulate matter Turbulence BT: Reptile culture Transmittance Turbulent flow RT: Turtle fisheries Transparency Turbidimeters Turbulent diffusion Turtle entanglement Turbidity currents UF: Eddy diffusion BT: Entanglement Turbulence BT: Diffusion Visibility underwater RT: Atmospheric diffusion Turtle excluder devices Water colour Dye dispersion BT: By-catch excluder devices Water properties Eddy conduction Water transparency Eddy diffusivity Turtle fisheries Eddy viscosity BT: Fisheries Turbidity current structures Mixing processes RT: Turtle culture BT: Sedimentary structures Turbulence RT: Flow structures Twine Olistostromes Turbulent energy USE: Yarns Turbidity currents USE: Eddy kinetic energy Two phase flow Turbidity currents Turbulent entrainment USE: Multiphase flow UF: Suspension currents BT: Fluid motion BT: Sediment gravity flows RT: Buoyant jets RT: Bottom currents Entrainment Cohesionless sediments Mixing processes

288 ASFA THESAURUS

Type localities RT: Biotechnology Underkeel clearance SN: Specific geographic area in Cells USE: Keel clearance which the type specimens were Electron microscopy first collected Tissues Undersea warfare RT: Distribution records UF: Anti-submarine warfare Holotypes Ultraviolet radiation RT: Military oceanography New taxa SN: Wavelength range between Military operations 0.02-0.4 microns Seabed conventions Type specimens BT: Electromagnetic radiation Submarines USE: Holotypes RT: Light Underwater explosions Ozone Typhoons Solar radiation Undertow USE: Hurricanes Sterilization BT: Nearshore currents Thermal radiation RT: Breakers Typology Ultraviolet sterilization Rip currents SN: The study of types as of Surf zone constitutional types Ultraviolet sterilization Waves on beaches RT: Ecotypes SN: The sterilization of water by Genotypes passing it near sources of Underutilized species Holotypes ultraviolet radiation SN: Commercial species which are Phenotypes BT: Sterilization not fully utilized Taxonomy RT: Ultraviolet radiation BT: Commercial species

Tyrosine Umbilicals Underwater acoustics BT: Amino acids BT: Cables USE: Acoustics RT: Diving suits UDN Electric cables Underwater ambient noise USE: Ulcerative dermal necrosis Life support systems USE: Ambient noise

Ulcer disease Uncontrolled spawning Underwater biotelemetry USE: Vibriosis USE: Wild spawning USE: Biotelemetry

Ulcerative dermal necrosis Unconventional resources Underwater cameras UF: UDN UF: Nonconventional resources BT: Cameras BT: Fish diseases BT: Natural resources Underwater equipment Necroses RT: Food resources RT: Underwater photography Living resources Underwater television Ultramafic rocks Potential resources Visibility underwater BT: Igneous rocks Potential yield NT: Ophiolites Underwater connectors Peridotite Under keel clearance USE: Connectors USE: Keel clearance Ultrasonic devices Underwater engineering UF: Ultrasonic equipment Undercurrents USE: Offshore engineering NT: Ultrasonic transducers BT: Water currents RT: Ultrasonics NT: Equatorial undercurrents Underwater equipment Western boundary undercurrents BT: Equipment Ultrasonic equipment RT: Coastal countercurrents NT: Underwater cameras USE: Ultrasonic devices Ocean currents RT: Diving tools Sonar Ultrasonic testing Underdeveloped countries Underwater exploitation USE: Nondestructive testing USE: Developing countries Underwater vehicles Working underwater Ultrasonic tracking Underfishing USE: Tracking SN: Characteristic of a stock which Underwater erosion may sustain catches higher than USE: Bottom erosion Ultrasonic transducers current ones BT: Transducers BT: Commercial fishing Underwater escarpments Ultrasonic devices USE: Submarine scarps Underground water Ultrasonics USE: Ground water Underwater excavation BT: Acoustics USE: Excavation underwater RT: Ultrasonic devices Under-ice environment USE: Epontic environment Underwater exploitation Ultrastructure BT: Exploitation UF: Fine structure (biology) Under-ice organisms RT: Exclusive economic zone Finestructure (biology) USE: Epontic organisms Mineral resources

289 ASFA THESAURUS

Offshore engineering Underwater noise Underwater tools Oil wells BT: Noise (sound) USE: Diving tools Underwater equipment NT: Reverberation RT: Ambient noise Underwater topography Underwater exploration USE: Bottom topography BT: Exploration Underwater object location RT: Bathyspheres BT: Locating Underwater tracking systems Coring RT: Search and rescue USE: Acoustic tracking systems Deep-sea diving Wreck location Diving Underwater vehicles Diving surveys Underwater photographs SN: Before 1982 search Drilling BT: Photographs UNDERWATER RESEARCH Geographical exploration NT: Bottom photographs VESSELS Mineral resources RT: Underwater photography UF: Underwater research vessels Offshore engineering BT: Vehicles Seafloor mapping Underwater photography NT: Free-swimming vehicles Surveying underwater BT: Photography Manned vehicles Underwater photography RT: Surveying underwater Self-propelled vehicles Underwater television Underwater cameras Tethered vehicles Underwater vehicles Underwater exploration Unmanned vehicles Underwater photographs RT: Ballast tanks Underwater explosions Underwater television Defence craft BT: Explosions Visibility underwater Manipulators RT: Nuclear explosions Working underwater Mother ships Undersea warfare Ship technology Underwater propulsion Towed bodies Underwater habitats UF: Underwater propulsion Towed body design SN: Seabed chambers for human systems Towed sensors occupation. Before 1982 search RT: Nuclear propulsion Underwater equipment ARTIFICIAL HABITATS Propulsion systems Underwater exploration UF: Artificial habitats Underwater vehicles Underwater propulsion Chambers (one-atmosphere) Work platforms Habitats (artificial) Underwater propulsion systems Human underwater habitats USE: Underwater propulsion Underwater viewing Seabed habitats USE: Viewing underwater BT: Habitat Underwater research vessels Underwater structures USE: Underwater vehicles Underwater visibility RT: Accommodation USE: Visibility underwater Caissons Underwater shelters Diving bells USE: Shelters Underwater wellheads Work platforms USE: Wellheads Working underwater Underwater sound transmission USE: Sound waves Underwater work Underwater ice profiles USE: Working underwater USE: Ice canopy Underwater structures SN: Work platforms and equipment Undulators Underwater inspection located and fixed to seabed UF: Batfish BT: Inspection BT: Offshore structures RT: Oceanographic equipment NT: Pipelines Towed sensors Underwater light sources Underwater habitats USE: Light sources Wellheads Unidirectional flow RT: Guide lines BT: Fluid motion Underwater medicine Offshore engineering RT: Channel flow UF: Diving medicine Oil tanks Oscillatory flow BT: Medicine Work platforms Residual flow RT: Bone necrosis Working underwater Stream flow Decompression sickness Transverse bed forms Diving Underwater surveying Diving physiology USE: Surveying underwater Unit stocks Hypercapnia SN: Self-sustaining genetic entities Hyperthermia Underwater television BT: Stocks Hypothermia BT: Television systems RT: Population genetics Hypoxia RT: Underwater cameras Subpopulations Nitrogen narcosis Underwater exploration Underwater photography Universities Underwater navigation Visibility underwater USE: Education establishments USE: Navigation underwater

290 ASFA THESAURUS

Unloading Upper mantle Uranium isotopes USE: Fish handling UF: Outer mantle BT: Isotopes BT: Earth mantle RT: Uranium Unmanned submersibles RT: Asthenosphere Uranium-234/uranium-238 ratio USE: Unmanned vehicles Lithosphere Uranium-helium dating Lower mantle Unmanned vehicles Uranium-234/uranium-238 ratio SN: Unmanned underwater Upper ocean RT: Radiometric dating vehicles capable of self- SN: The ocean above and including Uranium isotopes propulsion and manoeuvrability the permanent thermocline UF: Remotely operated vehicles UF: Upper layers (ocean) Uranium-helium dating ROVs RT: Oceanic boundary layer BT: Radiometric dating Submersibles (unmanned) Oceans RT: Helium isotopes Unmanned submersibles Permanent thermocline Uranium isotopes BT: Underwater vehicles Surface layers NT: Seabed vehicles Surface mixed layer Urban development Towed vehicles Surface water masses USE: Urbanization Untethered vehicles RT: Manned vehicles Upper tertiary Urban runoff USE: Neogene BT: Runoff Unsaturated hydrocarbons BT: Hydrocarbons Upstream migrations Urbanization NT: Alkenes USE: Anadromous migrations UF: Development (urban) Alkynes Uptake Urban development Aromatic hydrocarbons RT: Rural development Polyunsaturated hydrocarbons Uptake UF: Upstream migrations Urea Unsteady flow BT: Organic compounds BT: Fluid motion Upward irradiance RT: Ammonia RT: Barotropic instability BT: Irradiance Nitrogen compounds Laminar flow Organic fertilizers Multiphase flow Upward long wave radiation Urine BT: Terrestrial radiation Unsteady state Urinary system RT: Equilibrium Upwelling BT: Anatomical structures Instability BT: Vertical water movement RT: Cloaca Steady state NT: Artificial upwelling Kidneys Coastal upwelling Urine Untethered vehicles Ekman transport SN: Self-propelled, self-powered Equatorial upwelling Urine unmanned underwater vehicles RT: Coastal currents BT: Body fluids controlled by acoustic command Divergence Excretory products BT: Self-propelled vehicles Divergence zones RT: Kidneys Unmanned vehicles Downwelling Urea RT: Free-swimming vehicles Ekman pumping Urinary system Remote control Fog Water balance Wet submersibles Mixing processes Nearshore currents Usage Uplift Oceanic divergences USE: Utilization BT: Epeirogeny Vertical advection RT: Emergent shorelines Water circulation Use of water Progradation Water mixing USE: Water use Raised beaches Wind-driven currents Regressions Winds User participation Subsidence SN: Where resource users play an Uranium active role in the process of Upper atmosphere BT: Actinides management, BT: Earth atmosphere RT: Radioactivity NT: Participatory approach NT: Ionosphere Uranium compounds Uranium isotopes Utilization Upper layers (lakes) UF: Application USE: Epilimnion Uranium compounds Usage BT: Actinide compounds NT: Plant utilization Upper layers (ocean) Chemical compounds Waste utilization USE: Upper ocean RT: Uranium Water use

291 ASFA THESAURUS

Vaccination Vaporization Vegetal fossils BT: Immunization BT: Phase changes UF: Plant fossils RT: Disease resistance NT: Evaporation BT: Fossils Immunoprecipitation Sublimation NT: Fossil diatoms Infectious diseases RT: Cavitation Fossil pollen Vaccines Vaporization heat Fossil spores

Vaccines Vaporization heat Vegetation control UF: Bacterial vaccines UF: Latent heat of vaporization USE: Plant control Fungal vaccines BT: Enthalpy Viral vaccines RT: Condensation Vegetation cover BT: Drugs Vaporization SN: Plants covering the surface of NT: Bacterins water bodies or littoral zone RT: Antibodies Vapour pressure RT: Dune stabilization Antigens UF: Saturation vapour pressure Emergent vegetation Immunoprecipitation Vapour tension Flora Vaccination Water vapour pressure Plant control BT: Pressure Plant growth Valine RT: Bowen ratio BT: Amino acids Condensation Vegetative reproduction Humidity BT: Reproduction Valley line Thermodynamic properties RT: Asexual reproduction USE: Thalweg Water vapour Budding Plant reproductive structures Valleys Vapour tension Rhizomes BT: Landforms USE: Vapour pressure NT: Drowned valleys Vehicles Rift valleys Variability SN: Use of a more specific term is River valleys RT: Equilibrium recommended Submarine valleys Nonlinearity BT: Free-swimming vehicles RT: Channels Temporal variations NT: Aircraft Fracture zones Wind constancy Amphibious vehicles Oceanic trenches Surface craft Watersheds Variance analysis Underwater vehicles SN: Includes covariance RT: Manoeuvrability Valliculture BT: Statistical analysis Propulsion systems SN: Lagoon culture where sluices open NT: Multivariate analysis Steering systems and close the mouth of the lagoon RT: Correlation analysis Transportation BT: Aquaculture techniques Numerical taxonomy RT: Brackishwater aquaculture Regression analysis Veins Extensive culture USE: Blood vessels Lagoons Variations (magnetic) Pond culture USE: Magnetic variations Veligers BT: Molluscan larvae Vanadium Variations (phenotypic) RT: Meroplankton BT: Heavy metals USE: Phenotypic variations Transition elements Velocity RT: Ferromanganese nodules Variations (space) UF: Absolute velocity Vanadium compounds USE: Spatial variations Speed NT: Current velocity Vanadium compounds Variations (time) Group velocity BT: Chemical compounds USE: Temporal variations Orbital velocity RT: Vanadium Varves Phase velocity BT: Bedding structures Seismic velocities Vane devices RT: Glacial deposits Settling rate BT: Geological equipment Teleconnections Ship speed RT: Shear strength Sound velocity Vane shear testing Vascular system Wave drift velocity USE: Circulatory system Wave velocity Vane shear testing Wind speed RT: Cohesive sediments Vectors RT: Acceleration Shear strength NT: Biological vectors Kinematics Vane devices Curl (vectors) Vectors Vanes Current vectors Velocity gradients UF: Current meter vanes Wind vectors Velocity profilers Wind vanes RT: Hodographs Velocity profiles RT: Direction indicators Velocity

292 ASFA THESAURUS

Velocity gradients Vertebrae BT: Gradients BT: Bones Vertical movements (geology) RT: Velocity RT: Spinal cord USE: Epeirogeny Velocity profiles Vertebrae counts Vertical shear Vertical profiles Wind profiles Vertebrae counts SN: Plots of physical properties or BT: Meristic counts parameters against depth and/or Velocity measurement (water) RT: Endoskeleton height USE: Current measurement Vertebrae BT: Profiles NT: Density profiles Velocity microstructure Vertebrate zoology Oxygen profiles BT: Microstructure UF: Chordate zoology Salinity profiles RT: Current velocity BT: Zoology STD profiles NT: Herpetology Temperature profiles Velocity profilers Ichthyology Velocity profiles UF: Profiling current meters Mammalogy RT: CTD profilers BT: Profilers Ornithology Finestructure RT: Dropsonde Osteology Horizontal profiles Free-fall profilers Hydrographic sections Velocity Vertical advection T/S diagrams Velocity profiles UF: Vertical transport Vertical distribution BT: Advection Vertical profiling Velocity profiles RT: Upwelling Vertical sections BT: Vertical profiles Vertical motion Water column NT: Current profiles Vertical water movement Wind profiles Water column Vertical profiling RT: Velocity BT: Profiling Velocity gradients Vertical distribution RT: Vertical profiles Velocity profilers SN: Use for distribution of aquatic Velocity sections organisms. Use VERTICAL Vertical sections Vertical shear PROFILES for physical and BT: Map graphics Vortex shedding chemical properties NT: Geological sections UF: Bathymetric distribution Hydrographic sections Velocity sections BT: Geographical distribution RT: Echosounder profiles BT: Hydrographic sections RT: Bathymetric charts Seismic profiles RT: Current velocity Diurnal variations Vertical distribution Velocity profiles Ecological zonation Vertical profiles Oxygen sections Venom apparatus Salinity sections Vertical shear RT: Biological poisons Seasonal variations BT: Shear Noxious organisms Spatial variations RT: Ekman layers Poisonous fish Temperature sections Relative vorticity Secretory organs Thermocline Richardson number Stinging organs Vertical migrations Velocity gradients Vertical profiles Velocity profiles Venoms Vertical sections Wind shear USE: Biological poisons Vertical migrations Vertical stability Ventilation BT: Migrations UF: Static stability RT: Air conditioning RT: Biological rhythms BT: Stability Diurnal variations RT: Brunt-Vaisala frequency Vents (hydrothermal) Environmental effects Potential density USE: Hydrothermal springs Orientation Potential temperature Phototaxis Static instability Venules Phototropism Temperature inversions USE: Blood vessels Vertical distribution Vertical structure (water bodies) Vermiculite Vertical mixing USE: Water column BT: Clay minerals BT: Water mixing RT: Double diffusion Vertical tectonics Vernacular names Vertical water movement BT: Tectonics UF: Common names RT: Epeirogeny Local names Vertical motion Isostasy RT: Terminology RT: Atmospheric motion Fluid motion Vertical transport Vertical advection USE: Vertical advection Vertical water movement

293 ASFA THESAURUS

Vertical water movement Viewing underwater Visibility SN: Use of a more specific term is UF: Underwater viewing NT: Visibility underwater recommended RT: Visibility underwater RT: Atmospheric optical BT: Water motion phenomena NT: Cabbeling Viral diseases Fog Cascading BT: Infectious diseases Haze Downwelling RT: Antiviral agents Optics Overturn Biological control Vision Upwelling Fish diseases RT: Meridional oceanic circulation Immunization Visibility underwater Vertical advection Septicaemia UF: Underwater visibility Vertical mixing Virology BT: Visibility Vertical motion Viruses RT: Diving Turbidity Vessel seizure Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia Underwater cameras USE: Surveillance and USE: Septicaemia Underwater photography enforcement Underwater television Viral vaccines Viewing underwater Vessels USE: Vaccines Working underwater USE: Surface craft Virology Visible and near-infrared imagery Veterinarians BT: Microbiology USE: Satellite photography BT: Scientific personnel RT: Viral diseases Viruses Visible radiation Vibrarory corers USE: Light UF: Vibro-corers Virtual population analysis BT: Corers SN: Computation of historical Vision fishing mortality rates and stock BT: Sense functions Vibration sizes by age, based on data on RT: Eyes UF: Strumming catches, natural mortality, and Light stimuli RT: Damping certain assumptions about Optics Elastic waves mortality for the last year and last Photoreception Noise (sound) age group. Photoreceptors Oscillations UF: Cohort analysis Visibility Resonance VPA Visual pigments Resonant frequency BT: Statistical analysis Visual stimuli RT: Stock assessment Vibrio infections Visual aids USE: Vibriosis Virulence USE: Audiovisual materials RT: Diseases Vibriosis Visual inspection SN: A fish disease caused by Viruses SN: Visual inspection for Vibrio anguillarum SN: In ASFA-1, used as taxonomic organoleptic quality of seafood UF: Red pest descriptor; in ASFA-2, used as BT: Inspection Spotted pest subject descriptor RT: Quality assurance Ulcer disease BT: Microorganisms Vibrio infections RT: Antiviral agents Visual pigments BT: Bacterial diseases Bacteriophages UF: Light sensitive pigments Fish diseases Viral diseases Rhodopsin Virology BT: Pigments Vibro-corers RT: Retinas USE: Vibrarory corers Viscosity Vision BT: Mechanical properties Visual stimuli Video networks NT: Dynamic viscosity USE: Television systems Eddy viscosity Visual stimuli Molecular viscosity BT: Stimuli Videotape recordings RT: Capillarity RT: Eyes UF: Videotapes Rheology Vision BT: Audiovisual materials Stokes law Visual pigments RT: Films Viscosity coefficients Magnetic tape recordings Water properties Vitamin A Records SN: Before 1982 search Viscosity coefficients VITAMINS Videotapes BT: Exchange coefficients UF: Carotenes USE: Videotape recordings NT: Eddy viscosity coefficient BT: Vitamins RT: Viscosity

294 ASFA THESAURUS

Vitamin B Viviparity Volcanic ash SN: Before 1982 search SN: Giving birth to living young UF: Dust (volcanic) VITAMINS which have already reached an Volcanic dust UF: Biotin advanced stage of development BT: Ashes Riboflavin UF: Viviparous Volcanic rocks Thiamine RT: Oviparity RT: Bentonite Vitamin B complex Pregnancy Dust clouds BT: Vitamins Sexual reproduction Eolian deposits RT: Ribose Eolian dust Viviparous Eolian transport Vitamin B complex USE: Viviparity Terrigenous sediments USE: Vitamin B Volcanic eruptions Vocal behaviour Vitamin C USE: Vocalization behaviour Volcanic belts SN: Before 1982 search RT: Volcanism VITAMINS Vocal cords Volcanoes UF: Ascorbic acid USE: Vocal organs BT: Vitamins Volcanic breccia Vocal organs BT: Tephra Vitamin D UF: Vocal cords RT: Breccia SN: Before 1982 search Vocal sacs VITAMINS BT: Animal organs Volcanic dust UF: Calciferol NT: Larynx USE: Volcanic ash Cholocalciferol RT: Sound production BT: Vitamins Vocalization behaviour Volcanic eruptions RT: Calcification BT: Geological hazards Vocal sacs RT: Disasters Vitamin deficiencies USE: Vocal organs Tephra UF: Avitaminosis Tsunamis Vitamin deficiency Vocalization behaviour Volcanic ash BT: Dietary deficiencies UF: Vocal behaviour Volcanic islands RT: Nutrient deficiency BT: Behaviour Volcanoes Nutrition disorders RT: Animal communication Vitamins Auditory organs Volcanic glass Auditory stimuli UF: Basaltic glass Vitamin deficiency Bioacoustics BT: Volcanic rocks USE: Vitamin deficiencies Cetology RT: Glass Sound production Obsidian Vitamin E Vocal organs Volcanogenic deposits SN: Before 1982 search VITAMINS Voes Volcanic islands UF: Fertility vitamin USE: Coastal inlets BT: Oceanic islands Tocopherol RT: Island arcs BT: Vitamins Void ratio Volcanic eruptions BT: Ratios Volcanism Vitamins RT: Permeability Volcanoes NT: Vitamin A Porosity Vitamin B Soil mechanics Volcanic lapilli Vitamin C Voids BT: Tephra Vitamin D Vitamin E Voids Volcanic rocks RT: Coenzymes RT: Percolation UF: Pyroclastics Drugs Permeability BT: Igneous rocks Food additives Porosity NT: Andesite Growth regulators Void ratio Basalts Nutritive value Lava Vitamin deficiencies Volatile compounds Palagonite BT: Chemical compounds Pumice Vitellogenesis NT: Volatile hydrocarbons Rhyolites UF: Yolk formation RT: Ammonia Tephra RT: Eggs Sulphur compounds Volcanic ash Embryology Volcanic glass Embryonic development Volatile hydrocarbons RT: Allochthonous deposits Morphogenesis BT: Petroleum hydrocarbons Volcanism Oogenesis Volatile compounds Volcanoes Organogenesis Volcanogenic deposits Yolk

295 ASFA THESAURUS

Volcanic sediments Volumetric analysis Warning devices USE: Volcanogenic deposits BT: Analysis USE: Alarm systems RT: Titration Volcanicity Warning services USE: Volcanism Vortex shedding BT: Information centres RT: Current forces NT: Storm tide warning services Volcanism Velocity profiles RT: Earthquake prediction SN: Before 1982 search Environmental monitoring SUBMARINE VOLCANOES Vortices Iceberg detection UF: Volcanicity RT: Cavitation Tsunami prediction Vulcanism Current rings Warning systems RT: Active margins Fluid motion Hot spots Langmuir circulation Warning systems Island arcs Lee eddies NT: Alarm systems Magma Mixing length RT: Safety devices Plate boundaries Rotating fluids Warning services Volcanic belts Tornadoes Volcanic islands Turbulence Warships Volcanic rocks Vorticity USE: Defence craft Volcanoes Waterspouts Volcanogenic deposits Waste disposal Vorticity UF: Chemical waste disposal Volcanoes NT: Absolute vorticity Disposal (waste) SN: Before 1982 search Enstrophy NT: Ocean dumping SUBMARINE VOLCANOES Planetary vorticity Radioactive waste disposal NT: Mud volcanoes Potential vorticity Sewage disposal Submarine volcanoes Relative vorticity RT: Gas flaring RT: Lava flows RT: Atmospheric motion Incineration Volcanic belts Beta-plane Sanitary engineering Volcanic eruptions Coriolis force Sewage ponds Volcanic islands Curl (vectors) Waste disposal sites Volcanic rocks Hydrodynamics Waste treatment Volcanism Potential flow Wastes Volcanogenic deposits Rotation Turbulence Waste disposal sites Volcanogenic deposits Vortices SN: Offshore sites selected for UF: Volcanic sediments Water motion dumping of wastes BT: Sediments UF: Dumping grounds RT: Terrigenous sediments VPA RT: Spoil Volcanic glass USE: Virtual population analysis Waste disposal Volcanic rocks Volcanism Vulcanism Waste heat Volcanoes USE: Volcanism SN: Heated or thermal effluents produced by power plants Voltammetry Vulnerability BT: Heat RT: Electroanalysis BT: Biological properties Wastes Electrolysis RT: Catchability RT: Power plants Polarography Fishing mortality Thermal aquaculture

Volume Wakes Waste treatment UF: Capacity (volume) RT: Hydrodynamics NT: Sewage treatment BT: Dimensions Ship motion Sludge treatment NT: Ice volume Ship speed Wastewater treatment RT: Capacity Turbulence RT: Anaerobic digestion Size Decantation Specific volume Warm fronts Environment management USE: Atmospheric fronts Sanitary engineering Volume scattering function Waste disposal BT: Optical properties Warm-blooded animals Wastes RT: Irradiance USE: Homoiothermy Water pollution treatment Light scattering Scatterance meters Warm-water aquaculture Waste utilization SN: Culture of warm-water UF: Fish waste utilization Volume transport organisms BT: Utilization UF: Mass transport (water currents) UF: Tropical aquaculture RT: Wastes BT: Transport BT: Aquaculture techniques Wastewater aquaculture RT: Current velocity RT: Thermal aquaculture

296 ASFA THESAURUS

Waste water Water Water supply BT: Wastes SN: Use of a more specific term is Water table Water recommended; consult terms Water temperature RT: Drainage water listed below Water transparency Effluents NT: Bottom water Water treatment Industrial wastes Brackish water Water types Runoff Cooling water Water use Sanitary engineering Deep water Water vapour Sewage Discoloured water Water waves Wastewater aquaculture Distilled water Wastewater treatment Drainage water Water analysis Water pollution Fresh water SN: Before 1982 search also WATER Water reclamation Ground water ANALYSIS (BIOLOGICAL), Heavy water WATER ANALYSIS (CHEMICAL) Wastes Irrigation water and WATER ANALYSIS UF: Prawn wastes Melt water (PHYSICAL) NT: Domestic wastes Pore water UF: Water analysis (biological) Dredge spoil River water Water analysis (chemical) Effluents Saline water Water analysis (physical) Industrial wastes Sea water BT: Analysis Litter Shallow water NT: Shipboard analysis Mine tailings Stagnant water RT: Chemical analysis Oil wastes Surface water Chemical limnology Organic wastes Waste water Chemical oceanography Pulp wastes RT: Aquatic environment Chemical oxygen demand Radioactive wastes Dead water Dissolved gases Sewage Hydrogen compounds Hydrocarbon analysis Sludge Hydrography Physical limnology Waste heat Hydrologic cycle Physical oceanography Waste water Hydrology Pollutant identification RT: Byproducts Hydrometeors Pollution detection Manure Hydrosphere Salinity measurement Pollutants Hydrostatic pressure Water Waste disposal Ice Water hardness Waste treatment Oxygen compounds Water pollution Waste utilization Recreational waters Water quality Water analysis Water sampling Wastewater aquaculture Water balance Water temperature SN: Use of sewage and residual Water circulation Water treatment water for aquaculture purposes Water colour BT: Aquaculture techniques Water conservation Water analysis (biological) RT: Fish culture Water content USE: Water analysis Waste utilization Water currents Waste water Water density Water analysis (chemical) Wastewater treatment Water depth USE: Water analysis Water filters Wastewater recycling Water filtration Water analysis (physical) USE: Wastewater treatment Water hardness USE: Water analysis Water levels Wastewater treatment Water management Water authorities SN: Including recycling of waste Water masses BT: Organizations waters Water mixing RT: Water conservation UF: Wastewater recycling Water motion Water management BT: Waste treatment Water policy Water resources Water treatment Water pollution RT: Biodegradation Water properties Water balance Effluents Water quality RT: Evapotranspiration Reverse osmosis Water resources Kidneys Sanitary engineering Water rights Metabolism Sewage treatment Water ripples Transpiration Waste water Water sampling Urine Wastewater aquaculture Water springs Water

Water blooms USE: Algal blooms

297 ASFA THESAURUS

Water bodies Water colour Water current observations SN: Surface waters of the Earth. Use BT: Colour USE: Current observations of a narrower term is recommended Water properties UF: Surface water bodies RT: Discoloured water Water currents NT: Coastal waters Gelbstoff UF: Currents (water) Inland waters Light absorption Water flow Lagoons Multispectral scanners BT: Water motion Oceans Suspended inorganic matter NT: Bottom currents RT: Aquatic environment Suspended organic matter Boundary currents Channels Suspended particulate matter Coastal currents Hydrosphere Turbidity Countercurrents Recreational waters Water Gradient currents Water budget Water transparency Inertial currents Water column Lake currents Water resources Water column Nearshore currents Water bottles UF: Vertical structure (water Ocean currents USE: Water samplers bodies) Shelf currents BT: Layers Slope currents Water budget NT: Deep layer Stream flow RT: Eustatic changes Mixed layer Subsurface currents Evaporation Surface layers Surface currents Heat budget RT: Benthic boundary layer Tidal currents Hydrologic cycle Epilimnion Undercurrents Hydrology Heat budget Wind-driven currents Hydrosphere Hydrosphere RT: Bottom topography effects Ice volume Hypolimnion Channels Inflow Stratification Current charts Outflow Thermocline Current data River discharge Vertical advection Current direction Salt budget Vertical profiles Current forces Water bodies Water bodies Current meandering Water exchange Current measurement Water conservation Current measuring equipment Water channels SN: Concerning only the different Current meters USE: Channels types of water resources Current power BT: Conservation Current prediction Water circulating systems RT: Evaporation reduction Current reversal USE: Recirculating systems Water Current roses Water authorities Current scouring Water circulation Water management Current vectors SN: Circulation in oceans and inland Water policy Density flow water bodies. Use of a more specific Water pollution Energy spectra term is recommended Water quality Fluid flow BT: Circulation Water resources Fluid motion Water motion Water use Horizontal motion NT: Lake dynamics Physical limnology Ocean circulation Water content Physical oceanography Shelf dynamics UF: Moisture content Residual flow Surface circulation RT: Biochemical composition Rheotaxis Wind-driven circulation Dehydration Rheotropism RT: Aeration Dewatering Streamlines Coriolis force Drying Water Diffusion Evapotranspiration Water circulation Fluid motion Humidity Gyres Hygrometry Water cycle Hydrodynamics Pore pressure USE: Hydrologic cycle Hydrologic cycle Pore water Physical limnology Porosity Water density Physical oceanography Sediment properties UF: Density (water) Recirculating systems Transpiration BT: Density Thermal stratification Water Water properties Turbulence Wet bulk density NT: In situ density Upwelling Wet weight Potential density Water Relative density Water currents Water current data Sigma-T Water masses USE: Current data RT: Buoyancy Water mixing Cabbeling

298 ASFA THESAURUS

Chlorinity Water filtration Water mass intrusions Chlorosity SN: Removal of ions and organic NT: Boluses Density charts matter from water RT: Saline intrusion Density field UF: Filtration (water) Water masses Density fronts BT: Filtration Density gradients RT: Aeration Water masses Density interfaces Aquaria NT: Cold water masses Density measurement Centrifugation Deep-water masses Density profiles Recirculating systems Intermediate water masses Density sections Sanitary engineering Outflow waters Density stratification Sewage treatment Slope water Hydrostatic pressure Sludge treatment Subsurface water Isopycnic surfaces Water Surface water masses Isopycnics Water filters Water types Monin-Obukhov length Water purification RT: Cabbeling Pycnocline Water quality Conservative properties Salinity Water treatment Convergence zones Specific volume Core layers (water) Specific volume anomalies Water flow Divergence zones Water USE: Water currents Frontogenesis Hydrography Water depth Water hardness In situ density UF: Nautical bottom UF: Hardness (water) Non-conservative properties BT: depth BT: Physical properties Oceanic convergences RT: Bathymeters Water properties Optical classification Bathymetric charts RT: Alkalinity Pycnocline Bathymetric data Calcium T/S diagrams Bathymetric profiles Calcium compounds Thermocline Bathymetric surveys Carbonates Thermostads Bathymetry Soaps Water Bathythermographic data Water Water circulation Bathythermographs Water analysis Water mass intrusions Deep currents Water quality Water mixing Deep water Water properties Depth recorders Water level measurement Hydrographic surveying BT: Measurement Water mixing Hydrographic surveys NT: Sea level measurement UF: Mixing (water) Isobaths RT: Water levels NT: Tidal mixing Saturation depth Wave measurement Trans-isopycnal mixing Shallow water Transverse mixing Soundings Water levels Vertical mixing Water SN: Before 1984 search also RT: Aeration Wave attenuation WATER LEVELS (LAKES) Buoyant jets Wave parameters UF: Stages (water) Cabbeling Wind wave parameters Water levels (lakes) Core layer method BT: Levels Destratification Water depth measurement NT: Sea level Diffusion USE: Bathymetry RT: Droughts Dilution Floods Dispersion Water desalting Lake dynamics Downwelling USE: Desalination Water Estuarine dynamics Water level measurement Mixing processes Water exchange Wind setup Overturn SN: Net exchange of water River plumes between adjacent water bodies Water levels (lakes) Thermal plumes RT: Conservation of salt USE: Water levels Upwelling Heat transport Water Inflow Water management Water circulation Outflow BT: Resource management Water masses Straits RT: Flood control Water motion Water budget River basin management Water Water motion Water filters Water authorities SN: Motion in oceans and inland BT: Filters Water conservation water bodies RT: Water Water policy UF: Water movements Water filtration Water resources BT: Motion Water supply NT: Lee eddies

299 ASFA THESAURUS

Meandering Water pressure Water quality Vertical water movement USE: Hydrostatic pressure UF: Water standards Water circulation RT: Biochemical oxygen demand Water currents Water properties Chemical oxygen demand RT: Fluid dynamics SN: Use of a more specific term is Deoxygenation Oceanic turbulence recommended Eutrophication Planetary waves BT: Properties Water Transport processes NT: Water colour Water analysis Vorticity Water density Water conservation Water Water hardness Water filtration Water mixing Water temperature Water hardness Wave motion Water transparency Water policy RT: Chemical properties Water properties Water movements Dissolved oxygen Water purification USE: Water motion Dissolved salts Water quality control Environmental factors Water resources Water oil separation Eutrophication Water sampling USE: Oil water separation Evaporation Water supply Water policy Organoleptic properties BT: Policies pH Water quality control RT: Irrigation water Physical limnology BT: Quality control Water Physical oceanography RT: Pollution control Water conservation Physical properties Water pollution treatment Water management Physicochemical properties Water quality Water quality Relative density Water sampling Water resources Saline water Water treatment Water supply Surface properties Thermal conductivity Water reclamation Water pollution Thermal diffusivity UF: Reclamation (water) UF: Aquatic pollution Thermal expansion BT: Reclamation BT: Pollution Turbidity RT: Waste water NT: Brackishwater pollution Viscosity Water resources Freshwater pollution Water Groundwater pollution Water masses Water reservoirs Marine pollution Water quality UF: Impounding lakes RT: Chemical pollution Water structure Reservoirs (water) Oil pollution BT: Inland waters Outfalls Water pumps RT: Aquaculture facilities Radioactive contamination UF: Pumps (water) Artificial lakes Thermal pollution BT: Pumps Backwaters Waste water RT: Aquaculture equipment Dams Water Aquaria Fishways Water analysis Recirculating systems Flood control Water conservation Salvage equipment Irrigation water Water pollution treatment Lenitic environment Water resources Water purification Limnology Water use SN: Physical and chemical Ponds treatment for water purification Reservoir fisheries Water pollution control UF: Purification (water) USE: Pollution control BT: Water treatment Water resources RT: Centrifugation SN: Mainly different types of water Water pollution effects Chlorination bodies or water sources of inland USE: Pollution effects Dechlorination regions Desalination BT: Natural resources Water pollution treatment Disinfection RT: Atmospheric precipitations BT: Water treatment Ion exchange Droughts RT: Biodegradation Public health Glaciers Chemical degradation Sanitary engineering Ground water Decantation Self purification Hydrologic cycle Oil removal Separation Ponds Pollution control Water filtration Renewable resources Public health Water pollution treatment Rivers Sanitary engineering Water quality Spring streams Waste treatment Water Water pollution Water authorities Water purification Water bodies Water quality control Water conservation

300 ASFA THESAURUS

Water management Seepages Temperature profiles Water policy Water Temperature sections Water pollution Thermal microstructure Water quality Water standards Thermal pollution Water reclamation USE: Water quality Thermal stratification Water use Thermal structure Thermocline Water rights Water structure Thermostads BT: Rights RT: Water properties Water RT: Exclusive rights Water analysis Irrigation Water supply Water temperature data Irrigation water RT: Desalination plants Water types Property rights Water Ranching Water management Water temperature data Rental Water policy BT: Hydrographic data Riparian rights Water quality Temperature data Water Water rights RT: Limnological data Water supply Water treatment Oceanographic data Water use Water use Water temperature Water use regulations Water surface salinity Water transparency Water ripples USE: Surface salinity UF: Transparency (water) UF: Ripples (water) BT: Transparency BT: Capillary waves Water surface slope Water properties RT: Water USE: Surface slope RT: Extinction coefficient Light absorption Water runup Water surface temperature Light attenuation USE: Wave runup USE: Surface temperature Light scattering Nephelometers Water samplers Water surface topography Transmittance UF: Nansen bottles USE: Surface topography Turbidity Niskin samplers Water Water bottles Water table Water colour BT: Samplers RT: Drainage water RT: Limnological equipment Ground water Water treatment Pore water samplers Water NT: Desalination Water samples Watersheds Wastewater treatment Water sampling Water pollution treatment Water tanks Water purification Water samples USE: Tanks RT: Aeration BT: Samples Biofilters RT: Chemical analysis Water temperature Coagulation Water samplers BT: Temperature Decantation Water sampling Water properties Dechlorination NT: Bottom temperature Ion exchange Water sampling In situ temperature Oil water separation BT: Sampling Palaeotemperature Oxygenation RT: Water Surface temperature Water Water analysis RT: Abiotic factors Water analysis Water quality Bathythermographs Water filtration Water quality control Cabbeling Water quality control Water samplers Cold season Water supply Water samples Cold water masses Evaporation Water types Water seepages Geothermal springs BT: Water masses USE: Submarine springs Heat content NT: Optical water types Hydroclimate RT: Core layers (water) Water springs Isotherms Hydrography SN: Use of a more specific term is Physical limnology Salinity recommended Physical oceanography T/S diagrams UF: Freshwater springs Potential temperature Water Springs (water) Refractive index Water temperature NT: Geothermal springs Sediment temperature Hot springs T/S diagrams Water use Spring streams Temperature charts UF: Use of water Submarine springs Temperature effects Water utilization RT: Lotic environment Temperature gradients BT: Utilization

301 ASFA THESAURUS

RT: Water Surface gravity waves Waterspouts Water conservation Surface water waves RT: Atmospheric motion Water pollution Topographic waves Hurricanes Water resources Trapped waves Tornadoes Water rights RT: Energy spectra Vortices Water supply Group velocity Water use regulations Orbital velocity Wave absorbers Water use regulations Overtopping RT: Wave damping SN: Policy and ownership of land Overwash Wave action and inland waters Phase velocity UF: Density (wave action) BT: Legislation Physical limnology Wave action density RT: Recreational waters Physical oceanography BT: Wave effects Water rights Planetary waves RT: Ship motion Water use Water Wave attenuation Wave action density Water utilization Wave diffraction USE: Wave action USE: Water use Wave dispersion Wave dissipation Wave age Water vapour Wave drift velocity USE: Age RT: Condensation Wave effects Dew point Wave generation Wave amplitude Greenhouse effect Wave generators BT: Amplitude Humidity Wave groups NT: Tidal amplitude Hydrometeors Wave interactions RT: Wave attenuation Hygrometers Wave parameters Wave damping Hygrometry Wave propagation Wave height Mixing ratio Wave properties Wave properties Moisture Wave recorders Sublimation Wave slope Wave analysis Vapour pressure Wave statistics BT: Analysis Water Wave trains NT: Tidal analysis Wave trapping Waveform analysis Water vapour pressure Wave velocity RT: Surface water waves USE: Vapour pressure Wave-wave interaction Wave attenuation Water vapour transfer Water waves action SN: Use for natural decrease of USE: Moisture transfer USE: Wave effects amplitude of water waves UF: Attenuation (water waves) Water wave forecasting Water weed utilization BT: Attenuation USE: Wave forecasting USE: Plant utilization Wave dissipation RT: Sound attenuation Water wave motion Water-air exchanges Water depth USE: Wave motion USE: Air-water exchanges Water waves Wave amplitude Water wave propagation Water-ice interface Wave damping USE: Wave propagation USE: Ice-water interface Wave dispersion Wave propagation Water wave statistics Water-oil interface Wave scattering USE: Wave statistics USE: Oil-water interface Wave breaking Water waves Watershed (divide) BT: Wave dissipation UF: Waves (water) USE: Watersheds NT: Internal wave breaking NT: Catastrophic waves Whitecapping Deep-water waves Watersheds RT: Breaking waves Destructive waves UF: Watershed (divide) Wave crests Equatorial waves RT: Catchment area Wave dynamics Freak waves Drainage water Wave processes on beaches Giant waves Flood control Waves on beaches Gravity waves Ground water Inertial waves Lake basins Wave buoys Internal waves River basins BT: Data buoys Irregular waves Runoff RT: Wave direction sensors Linear waves Stream flow Wave measuring equipment Nonlinear waves Valleys Wave power devices Oscillatory waves Water table Regular waves Wave celerity Shallow water waves USE: Wave velocity

302 ASFA THESAURUS

Wave climate Wave dispersion Wave energy RT: Climate SN: Use only for water waves and Wave forces Climatological charts specify type of wave Waves on beaches Design wave UF: Dispersion (water waves) Environmental conditions BT: Dispersion Wave energy Sea state RT: Group velocity SN: Used for the natural energy Wave forces Phase velocity bound up in the motion of water Wind waves Water waves waves. For exploitation of that Wave attenuation energy use WAVE POWER Wave control (water waves) Wave groups BT: Energy USE: Wave damping Wave motion NT: Tidal energy Wave propagation RT: Energy transfer Wave crests Wave trains Wave dissipation RT: Breaking waves Wave effects Long-crested waves Wave dissipation Wave power Short-crested waves SN: Use only for water waves and Wave power devices Wave breaking specify type of wave Wave spectra Wave geometry UF: Dissipation (water waves) Wave slope Wave decay Wave energy dissipation (water waves) Wave energy dissipation (water USE: Wave dissipation Wave damping waves) SN: Induced reduction in water BT: Energy dissipation Wave energy spectra wave amplitude NT: Tidal dissipation USE: Wave spectra UF: Damping (water waves) Wave attenuation Wave control (water waves) Wave breaking Wave fetch BT: Damping RT: Bottom friction USE: Fetch RT: Breakwaters Breaking waves Ship motion Oceanic turbulence Wave followers Surface films Surf zone USE: Instrument platforms Surface water waves Water waves Wave absorbers Wave damping Wave forces Wave amplitude Wave energy UF: Impact (waves) Wave attenuation Wave motion Slamming Wave dissipation Wave scattering Wave load Whitecapping Wave pressure Wave data BT: Loads (forces) SN: Data on water waves Wave drift velocity RT: Design wave UF: Wave records UF: Mass transport velocity Flow around objects BT: Data Stokes drift Hydrodynamics RT: Oceanographic data BT: Velocity Morison's equation Wave statistics RT: Mass transport Ship motion Orbital velocity Wave climate Wave decay Particle motion Wave effects USE: Wave dissipation Water waves Wave dynamics Wave forecasting Wave diffraction UF: Water wave forecasting SN: Use only for water waves and Wave dynamics Wave forecasts specify type of wave NT: Tidal dynamics BT: Wave predicting BT: Diffraction RT: Bay dynamics RT: Design wave RT: Water waves Wave breaking Ship routeing Wave interactions Wave drift velocity Significant wave height Wave propagation Wave motion Wave hindcasting

Wave direction Wave effects Wave forecasts BT: Direction UF: Water waves action USE: Wave forecasting RT: Directional spectra NT: Wave action Long-crested waves RT: Backwash Wave formation (water waves) Short-crested waves Beach erosion USE: Wave generation Wave direction sensors Beach profiles Wave properties Buoy motion Wave frequency Capsizing SN: Before 1982 search WAVE Wave direction sensors Flooding PERIOD BT: Sensors Reflectance BT: Frequency RT: Wave buoys Sediment transport RT: Wave period Wave direction Ship motion Wave properties Wave measuring equipment Tsunamis Wave spectra Water waves

303 ASFA THESAURUS

Wave gauges Wave interactions Diffraction USE: Wave measuring equipment SN: Use only for water waves Fluid motion UF: Wave-air interactions Reflection Wave generation Wave-ice interaction Refraction SN: Use only for water waves and BT: Interactions Transmission specify type of wave NT: Nonlinear wave interactions Water motion UF: Generation (water waves) Resonant wave interaction Wave dispersion Wave formation (water waves) Wave trapping Wave dissipation Wave growth (water waves) Wave-current interaction Wave dynamics NT: Internal wave generation Wave-seabed interaction Wave generation Storm surge generation Wave-wave interaction Wave interactions Tsunami generation Wind-wave interaction Wave propagation Wind wave generation RT: Atmospheric boundary layer RT: Energy transfer Energy transfer Wave number Water waves Momentum transfer RT: Wave properties Wave generators Shear flow Wave spectra Wave motion Surface layers Wavelength Turbulence Wave generators Water waves Wave overtopping SN: Mechanical devices used to Wave diffraction USE: Overtopping generate water waves in wave Wave motion tanks Wave reflection Wave parameters RT: Water waves Wave refraction RT: Duration Wave generation Waves on beaches Fetch Wave tanks Water depth Wave load Water waves Wave geometry USE: Wave forces Wave properties SN: Search also SURFACE Wind speed GEOMETRY before 1982 Wave measurement Wind stress UF: Surface geometry (water RT: Photogrammetry waves) Radar altimetry Wave particle motion Wave shape Satellite altimetry USE: Particle motion Wave topography Stereophotography RT: Surface properties Water level measurement Wave particle velocity Surface water waves Wave measuring equipment USE: Orbital velocity Wave crests Wave height Wave measuring equipment Wave period Wave slope UF: Wave gauges RT: Regular waves Wave statistics Wave meters Significant waves Wave staff sensors Surges Wave groups Wave staffs Wave frequency RT: Group velocity BT: Measuring devices Wave properties Water waves RT: Echosounders Wave statistics Wave dispersion Pressure sensors Wave statistics Radar altimeters Wave phase Wave trains Surface water waves RT: Wave properties Wave buoys Wave growth (water waves) Wave direction sensors Wave power USE: Wave generation Wave measurement SN: Utilizing the energy of waves Wave measuring platforms as a source of power Wave height Wave recorders BT: Power from the sea SN: Use for surface water waves Wave tanks RT: Hydroelectric power except tides Tidal power NT: Significant wave height Wave measuring platforms Wave energy RT: Design wave RT: Wave measuring equipment Wave power devices Extreme waves Giant waves Wave meters Wave power devices Significant waves USE: Wave measuring equipment BT: Electric power sources Wave amplitude RT: Hydroelectric power plants Wave geometry Wave motion Wave buoys Wave properties SN: Use only for general works on Wave energy Wave statistics wave phenomena Wave power UF: Water wave motion Wave hindcasting Wave theory Wave power spectra UF: Hindcasting (waves) RT: Absorptance USE: Wave spectra BT: Wave predicting Absorption (physics) RT: Wave forecasting Attenuation

304 ASFA THESAURUS

Wave predicting Wave records Wave setup SN: Use only for prediction of USE: Wave data USE: Wave processes on beaches wind waves BT: Prediction Wave reflection Wave shape NT: Wave forecasting SN: Use only for water waves and USE: Wave geometry Wave hindcasting specify type of wave RT: Sea state UF: Reflection (water waves) Wave slope Wave properties BT: Reflection UF: Wave steepness RT: Standing waves RT: Sand waves Wave pressure Wave interactions Surface slope USE: Wave forces Wave propagation Water waves Wave crests Wave processes on beaches Wave refraction Wave geometry UF: Wave setdown SN: Before 1982 search also Wave properties Wave setup REFRACTION (WATER NT: Wave runup WAVES). Use only for water Wave slope followers RT: Beaches waves and specify type of wave USE: Instrument platforms Longshore currents UF: Refraction (water waves) Wave breaking BT: Refraction Wave spectra Waves on beaches RT: Bottom topography effects UF: Wave energy spectra Shallow water Wave power spectra Wave propagation Wave interactions BT: Spectra SN: Use only for water waves and Wave propagation RT: Wave energy specify type of wave Wave refraction diagrams Wave frequency UF: Propagation (water waves) Waves on beaches Wave number Transmission (water waves) Wave properties Water wave propagation Wave refraction diagrams Wave statistics Wave transmission BT: Graphs NT: Tidal propagation RT: Caustics Wave staff sensors RT: Water waves Orthogonals USE: Wave measuring equipment Wave attenuation Wave refraction Wave diffraction Wave staffs Wave dispersion Wave runup USE: Wave measuring equipment Wave motion SN: Before 1986 search also Wave reflection SWASH Wave statistics Wave refraction UF: Surges (beach) UF: Water wave statistics Wave scattering Swash BT: Statistics Water runup RT: Design wave Wave properties BT: Wave processes on beaches Water waves RT: Physical properties RT: Backwash Wave data Seismic waves Breakwaters Wave geometry Sound waves Sea walls Wave groups Water waves Wave height Wave amplitude Wave sand ripples Wave period Wave direction USE: Sand ripples Wave properties Wave frequency Wave spectra Wave height Wave scattering Wave velocity Wave number SN: Use only for water waves Wave parameters UF: Scattering (water waves) Wave steepness Wave period RT: Wave attenuation USE: Wave slope Wave phase Wave dissipation Wave predicting Wave propagation Wave tanks Wave slope BT: Tanks Wave spectra Wave scouring RT: Flumes Wave statistics SN: Before 1983 search Hydraulic models Wave velocity CURRENT SCOURING Laboratory equipment Wavelength BT: Scouring Test equipment Wind wave parameters RT: Bed forms Towing tanks Wave recorders Bottom erosion Wave generators UF: Capacitance wire wave recorders Current scouring Wave measuring equipment Shipborne wave recorders Shallow water waves Surface wave recorders Surface water waves Wave theory BT: Recording equipment Wave-cut platforms USE: Wave motion RT: Accelerometers Water waves Wave setdown Wave topography Wave measuring equipment USE: Wave processes on beaches USE: Wave geometry Wind waves

305 ASFA THESAURUS

Wave trains Wave-ice interaction Wave-wave interaction RT: Benjamin Feir instability USE: Wave interactions BT: Wave interactions Water waves NT: Short wave-long wave interactions Wave dispersion Wave-induced loading Surface wave-internal wave interactions Wave groups BT: Loads (forces) Tide-surge interaction RT: Cyclic loading RT: Resonant wave interaction Wave transmission Pore pressure Water waves USE: Wave propagation Wave-seabed interaction Wax Wave trapping Wavelength USE: Waxes BT: Wave interactions RT: Wave number RT: Topographic effects Wave properties Waxes Trapped waves UF: Wax Water waves Waves (acoustic) BT: Lipids USE: Sound waves RT: Animal products Wave velocity Petroleum SN: Use only for water waves Waves (elastic) UF: Wave celerity USE: Elastic waves Wear Wave velocity (water waves) SN: As applied to materials BT: Velocity Waves (electromagnetic) RT: Deterioration RT: Group velocity USE: Electromagnetic radiation Friction Orbital velocity Toughness Phase velocity Waves (planetary) Weathering Water waves USE: Planetary waves Wave properties Weather Wave statistics Waves (sand) SN: State of the atmosphere at a given USE: Sand waves time as defined by the meteorological Wave velocity (seismic) elements. Before 1982 search USE: Seismic velocities Waves (seismic) WEATHER CONDITIONS USE: Seismic waves UF: Atmospheric conditions Wave velocity (sound) Weather conditions USE: Sound velocity Waves (sound) BT: Climate USE: Sound waves RT: Air temperature Wave velocity (water waves) Atmospheric depressions USE: Wave velocity Waves (water) Atmospheric precipitations USE: Water waves Atmospheric pressure Wave-air interactions Cloud cover USE: Wave interactions Waves on beaches Clouds UF: Wave-shore interaction Fog Wave-current interaction RT: Backwash Humidity BT: Wave interactions Breaking waves Ice conditions RT: Giant waves Edge waves Lightning Longshore currents Nearshore dynamics Meteorology Momentum transfer Shoaling Rainfall Rip currents Shoaling waves Sea level pressure Surf Sea state Wave-cut platforms Surf zone Troposphere UF: Beach platforms Undertow Weather forecasting Erosion platforms Wave breaking Weather hazards Strandflats Wave effects Weather maps BT: Beach features Wave interactions Wind speed RT: Cliffs Wave processes on beaches Erosion surfaces Wave refraction Weather conditions Strandlines USE: Weather Terraces Wave-seabed interaction Wave scouring BT: Wave interactions Weather forecast map RT: Bed forms USE: Weather maps Waveform analysis Benthic boundary layer BT: Wave analysis Bottom pressure Weather forecasting RT: Fourier analysis Cyclic loading UF: Weather forecasts Harmonic analysis Sediment-water interface BT: Prediction Spectral analysis Wave-induced loading RT: Atmospheric fronts Atmospheric pressure Wave-shore interaction Climate prediction USE: Waves on beaches Meteorology Ship routeing Tropical depressions

306 ASFA THESAURUS

Weather Weight Western boundary currents Weather hazards BT: Physical properties BT: Boundary currents Weather maps NT: Dry weight RT: Western boundary Weather ships Molecular weight undercurrents Wet weight Westward intensification Weather forecasts RT: Displacement USE: Weather forecasting Gravity Western boundary undercurrents Loads (forces) BT: Undercurrents Weather hazards Mass RT: Contour currents BT: Hazards Pressure Western boundary currents NT: Droughts Specific gravity Floods Westward intensification Icing Weight-length relationships SN: Westward intensification of Storms USE: Length-weight relationships velocity of wind driven currents RT: Weather RT: Current velocity Weather forecasting Weirs Planetary vorticity SN: Structures built across rivers or Western boundary currents Weather maps channels to divert water and raise UF: Weather forecast map the water level Wet bulk density BT: Meteorological charts BT: Barrages BT: Sediment density RT: Meteorological observations RT: Dams RT: Grain size Weather Porosity Weather forecasting Welding Water content Wind direction UF: Explosive welding Wind speed NT: Electric arc welding Wet season Welding underwater USE: Rainy season Weather routeing RT: Cutting USE: Ship routeing Heat affected zones Wet submersibles Pipeline construction BT: Submersibles Weather ships RT: Untethered vehicles UF: Ocean weather ships Welding underwater BT: Ships BT: Welding Wet weight RT: Data buoys Working underwater BT: Weight Ocean stations RT: Cutting underwater RT: Density Research vessels Water content Selected ships Well completion Weather forecasting UF: Completion (well) Wetlands Offshore completion BT: Inland waters Weathering RT: Oil wells NT: Marshes RT: Corrosion Swamps Degradation Well logging RT: Cheniers Environmental effects BT: Logging Deltas Erosion RT: Boreholes Flooding Fate Land reclamation Leaching Well workover operations Stagnant water Wear UF: Workovers RT: Oil and gas production Whale stranding Weed cutting USE: Stranding USE: Plant control Wellheads UF: Christmas trees Whalebones Weeds Underwater wellheads USE: Baleens UF: Aquatic weeds BT: Underwater structures BT: Flora RT: Blowout preventers Whaling NT: Freshwater weeds Flowlines UF: Whaling techniques Seaweeds Manifolds BT: Hunting RT: Aquatic plants Subsea production systems NT: Artisanal whaling Plant control Templates RT: Blue whale unit Pleuston Whaling regulations Wells (oil and gas) Whaling stations Weekly USE: Oil wells Whaling statistics BT: Periodicity Westerlies Whaling regulations Wegener hypothesis BT: Planetary winds BT: Fishery regulations USE: Continental drift NT: Equatorial westerlies RT: Blue whale unit International agreements Whaling

307 ASFA THESAURUS

Whaling stations Wind abrasion RT: Flowmeters RT: Whaling RT: Eolian transport Meteorological instruments Scouring Radiosondes Whaling statistics Winds Turbulence measurement SN: Catch tabulation of whales and Wind measurement allied species including derived Wind constancy Winds industrial products RT: Variability BT: Catch statistics Wind power Wind power RT: Blue whale unit Wind speed UF: Wind energy Whaling BT: Energy resources Wounding Wind data RT: Power from the sea BT: Meteorological data Renewable resources Whaling techniques RT: Wind direction Wind constancy USE: Whaling Wind fields Wind measurement Wind measurement Wind pressure Whelk fisheries Wind speed Wind speed USE: Gastropod fisheries Wind stress Winds Winds Whirling disease Wind pressure UF: Tumbling disease Wind direction SN: The force exerted on a BT: Fish diseases BT: Direction structure by wind. Before 1983 RT: Parasitic diseases RT: Weather maps search also WIND FORCES Swim bladder Wind data UF: Wind forces Wind measurement Wind loading White muscles Wind roses BT: Loads (forces) USE: Muscles Wind speed RT: Wind power Wind vectors Winds Whitecapping Windrows BT: Wave breaking Winds Wind profiles RT: Wave dissipation UF: Wind speed profiles Whitecaps Wind drift (current) BT: Velocity profiles USE: Wind-driven currents RT: Atmospheric boundary layer Whitecaps Velocity gradients BT: Breaking waves Wind energy Wind shear RT: Foams USE: Wind power Wind speed Whitecapping Winds Wind erosion Whiting fisheries BT: Erosion Wind roses USE: Gadoid fisheries RT: Soil erosion BT: Map graphics Winds RT: Climatological charts Width Current roses UF: Breadth Wind fields Wind direction BT: Dimensions RT: Wind data Wind speed Winds Wild fish stocks Wind setup USE: Stocks Wind forces SN: Use for changes in still water USE: Wind pressure level due to wind stress in Wild spawning enclosed bodies of water SN: Before 1982 search Wind generated waves UF: Setup (wind) SPAWNING USE: Wind waves Wind time UF: Uncontrolled spawning RT: Lake dynamics BT: Spawning Wind loading Storm surges USE: Wind pressure Water levels Wildlife conservation Wind stress USE: Nature conservation Wind measurement BT: Flow measurement Wind shear Wildlife refuges RT: Wind data BT: Shear USE: Refuges Wind direction RT: Current shear Wind measuring equipment Vertical shear Winches Wind power Wind profiles BT: Lifting tackle Wind speed Wind speed RT: Fishing gear Winds Wind vectors Gear handling Towing Wind measuring equipment Wind speed BT: Flow measuring equipment UF: Wind strength Wind NT: Anemometers Wind velocity USE: Winds Balloons BT: Velocity

308 ASFA THESAURUS

RT: Gusts Wind waves Wave parameters Wind velocity Wind-driven circulation Weather USE: Wind speed Winds Weather maps Wind constancy Wind wave generation Wind-generated noise Wind data BT: Wave generation USE: Surface noise Wind direction RT: Air flow over water Wind measurement Drag Windrows Wind power Drag coefficient BT: Slicks Wind profiles Duration RT: Cellular convection Wind roses Fetch Langmuir circulation Wind shear Momentum transfer Surface films Wind vectors Surface roughness Surface properties Wind wave parameters Wind stress Wind direction Winds Wind waves Wind-wave interaction Winds Wind speed profiles UF: Wind USE: Wind profiles Wind wave parameters Wind systems BT: Parameters BT: Atmospheric motion Wind strength RT: Duration NT: Gale force winds USE: Wind speed Fetch Geostrophic winds Water depth Local winds Wind stress Wave properties Planetary winds UF: Surface stress Wind speed RT: Anticyclones BT: Stress (mechanics) Wind stress Atmospheric circulation RT: Atmospheric boundary layer Wind waves Atmospheric pressure Atmospheric forcing Atmospheric turbulence Drag Wind waves Climate Drag coefficient UF: Wind generated waves Climatology Ice drift BT: Surface water waves Cyclones Reynolds stresses RT: Surface gravity waves Eolian processes Shear stress Surges Eolian transport Sverdrup transport Swell Fetch Wave parameters Wave climate Fluid flow Wind data Wave recorders Gusts Wind setup Wind wave generation Langmuir circulation Wind stress curl Wind wave parameters Sea level pressure Wind wave generation Wind-driven currents Storms Wind wave parameters Wind-wave interaction Tornadoes Winds Upwelling Wind-wave interaction Wind-driven circulation Wind abrasion BT: Water circulation Wind data Wind stress curl RT: Ocean circulation Wind direction UF: Curl of wind stress Surface circulation Wind erosion BT: Curl (vectors) Sverdrup transport Wind fields RT: Wind stress Thermohaline circulation Wind measurement Wind vectors Wind-driven currents Wind measuring equipment Wind power Wind systems Wind-driven currents Wind pressure USE: Winds SN: Search also DRIFT Wind profiles CURRENTS Wind speed Wind time UF: Barometric currents Wind stress USE: Wind setup Drift currents Wind-driven currents Wind drift (current) Wind tunnels BT: Water currents Wind-wave interaction RT: Test equipment RT: Biological drift BT: Wave interactions Boundary currents RT: Air flow over water Wind vanes Coastal currents Wind stress USE: Vanes Ekman spiral Wind wave generation Longshore currents Wind waves Wind vectors Nearshore currents BT: Map graphics Ocean currents Wings Vectors Rip currents SN: Before 1982 search RT: Wind direction Surface currents LOCOMOTORY APPENDAGES Wind shear Surface Ekman layer BT: Locomotory appendages Wind speed Sverdrup transport RT: Aquatic birds Wind stress curl Upwelling Aquatic insects

309 ASFA THESAURUS

Winkle fisheries Factory ships Wounds USE: Gastropod fisheries Fishing vessels USE: Injuries Fixed platforms Winkler method Offshore structures Wreck location BT: Analytical techniques Surface craft BT: Detection RT: Dissolved oxygen Underwater habitats RT: Surveying underwater Underwater structures Underwater object location Winnowing Underwater vehicles Wrecks BT: Sediment sorting RT: Particle settling Workers Wreck recovery USE: Personnel USE: Salvaging Winter BT: Seasons Working locations Wrecks RT: Cold season USE: Locations (working) RT: Flotsam Overwintering Navigational hazards Overwintering techniques Working underwater Salvaging Winterkill UF: Divers work Ship losses Underwater work Wreck location Winter eggs NT: Cutting underwater USE: Resting eggs Surveying underwater WWW Welding underwater USE: Internet Winterkill RT: Diving SN: The loss of animals in a lake, pond Diving bells Xanthophores or other water body as a result of Diving industry USE: Chromatophores heavy ice cover or mid-winter Diving physiology anoxia affecting eutrophic lakes Diving tools Xanthophylls BT: Fish kill Locations (working) BT: Photosynthetic pigments RT: Anoxic conditions Saturation diving RT: Photosynthesis Ice cover Underwater equipment Overwintering techniques Underwater habitats XBTs Oxygen depletion Underwater photography UF: Expendable Temperature effects Underwater structures bathythermographs Winter Visibility underwater BT: Bathythermographs NT: AXBTs Wire angle Workovers RT: Thermistors USE: Well workover operations Wire rope Xenon SN: Do not use for electric cables Workshops BT: Rare gases UF: Steel wire USE: Conferences RT: Xenon isotopes Wires BT: Ropes World Xenon isotopes RT: Cable dynamics SN: Use for worldwide studies, e.g. BT: Isotopes Cables economics, commodity statistics. RT: Xenon Guide lines For world geographic descriptors, see World Entries Facet in X-ray analysis Wires Geographic Authority List USE: X-ray spectroscopy USE: Wire rope World Wide Web X-ray diffraction analysis Within-year variations USE: Internet BT: X-ray spectroscopy USE: Seasonal variations RT: Diffraction Worm culture Women BT: Cultures X-ray emission analysis BT: Females RT: Bait culture BT: X-ray spectroscopy Frog culture Wood X-ray fluorescence analysis BT: Materials Wounding BT: X-ray spectroscopy BT: Catching methods Work boats RT: Hunting X-ray inspection USE: Support ships Whaling statistics BT: Inspection Work platforms Wounding gear RT: X-ray spectroscopy UF: Platforms (work) X-rays NT: Drilling platforms Wounding gear Production platforms UF: Harpoons X-ray spectroscopy RT: Barges Impaling gear SN: Before 1982 search also X- Cable ships BT: Fishing gear RAY ANALYSIS Dredgers RT: Spear fishing UF: X-ray analysis Drilling vessels Wounding BT: Spectroscopic techniques

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NT: X-ray diffraction analysis Yellow substance Zinc X-ray emission analysis USE: Gelbstoff BT: Heavy metals X-ray fluorescence analysis RT: Ferromanganese nodules RT: Chemical analysis Yellow tail fisheries Metalliferous sediments Radiography USE: Carangid fisheries Zinc compounds X-ray inspection Zinc isotopes X-rays Yield UF: Yield tables Zinc compounds X-rays NT: Potential yield BT: Chemical compounds BT: Electromagnetic radiation RT: Biological production RT: Zinc RT: X-ray inspection Biomass X-ray spectroscopy Fishing mortality Zinc isotopes Overfishing BT: Isotopes Xylene Population number RT: Zinc BT: Aromatic hydrocarbons Recruitment Yield predictions Zircon Xylose Yield/recruit BT: Silicate minerals BT: Monosaccharides RT: Placers RT: Aldehydes Yield point Zirconium BT: Mechanical properties Yacht harbours RT: Collapse strength Zirconium USE: Marinas Deformation BT: Heavy metals Strength Transition elements Yachting RT: Ferromanganese nodules BT: Boating Yield predictions Zircon RT: Yachts RT: Prediction Zirconium compounds Yield Zirconium isotopes Yachts BT: Sailing ships Yield tables Zirconium compounds RT: Marinas USE: Yield BT: Chemical compounds Yachting RT: Zirconium Yield/recruit Yarns RT: Recruitment Zirconium isotopes UF: Twine Yield BT: Isotopes BT: Gear materials RT: Zirconium RT: Synthetic fibres Yolk RT: Cytoplasm Zoeae Yaw Eggs BT: Crustacean larvae USE: Yawing Proteins Vitellogenesis Zonal distribution Yaw response SN: Distribution East-West BT: Dynamic response Yolk formation between or along lines of RT: Buoy motion effects USE: Vitellogenesis latitude. Used only as a qualifier Yawing BT: Geographical distribution Ytterbium RT: Hydrographic sections Yawing BT: Lanthanides Meridional distribution UF: Yaw RT: Ytterbium isotopes BT: Ship motion Zonal wind systems RT: Buoy motion effects Ytterbium isotopes USE: Planetary winds Rolling BT: Isotopes Yaw response RT: Ytterbium Zonation (ecological) USE: Ecological zonation Year class Yttrium RT: Age composition BT: Alkaline earth metals Zoobenthos RT: Yttrium isotopes UF: Benthic fauna Year to year variations BT: Benthos USE: Annual variations Yttrium isotopes RT: Aquatic animals BT: Isotopes Yearly changes RT: Yttrium Zoogeography USE: Annual variations USE: Biogeography Zeolites Yeasts BT: Silicate minerals Zoological drawings BT: Microorganisms NT: Analcite USE: Illustrations RT: Fermentation Clinoptilonite Single cell proteins Phillipsite RT: Metamorphic rocks

311 ASFA THESAURUS

Zoologists BT: Biologists NT: Carcinologists Entomologists Ichthyologists Malacologists Mammalogists Ornithologists RT: Taxonomists Zoology

Zoology BT: Biology NT: Conchology Invertebrate zoology Vertebrate zoology RT: Animal physiology Animal populations Aquatic animals Biogeography Embryology Palaeontology Species Taxonomy Zoologists

Zooplankton UF: Animal plankton Macroplankton BT: Plankton NT: Holoplankton Ichthyoplankton Meroplankton Saproplankton RT: Aquatic animals Food organisms Nekton collecting devices Secondary production Zooplankton culture

Zooplankton culture BT: Cultures RT: Brine shrimp culture Continuous culture Cultured organisms Zooplankton

Zoosemiotics USE: Animal communication

Zoospores USE: Spores

Zooxanthellae SN: Symbiotic unicellular yellow- green algae occuring in some radiolarians, flatworms and polyps BT: Algae RT: Symbionts

Zygotes RT: Reproduction Sexual cells

312 ASFA THESAURUS

10. ASFA THESAURUS TERMINOLOGY CONTROL FORM

(fill out form and return it to the FAO ASFA Secretariat: attention: [email protected] and [email protected] )

TERM: ......

The above term should be: (check one) - ADDED - DELETED - CHANGED Because: (check one or more)

1) It does not appear in the Thesaurus ...... 2) It is synonymous to another thesaurus term ...... 3) It appears in the Thesaurus with an incorrect “relationship” ...... 4) It appears in the Thesaurus with an incorrect “scope note” ...... 5) The spelling is incorrect......

Other reasons and/or comments:

SUGGESTED ENTRY

Term:

Scope note:

Use:

Use for:

Broader Term(s)

Narrower Terms(s)

Related Terms(s)

Suggestion from: (name and address and date)

(do not write below this line) ...... ASFA Thesaurus Committee

Term or amendment: - Accepted - Changed - Rejected Reasons:

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