16728 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1976 Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Yes. speeded up the work of the Senate, and on Monday, and by early I mean as early Mr. ALLEN. The Senator spoke of pos­ I am glad the distinguished assistant ma­ as very shortly after 11 a.m., and that a sible quorum calls and votes on Monday. jority leader is now following that policy. long working day is in prospect for I would like to comment that I feel the [Laughter.] Monday. present system under which we seem to Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Well, my dis­ be operating, of having all quorum calls tinguished friend is overly charitable to­ RECESS TO MONDAY, JUNE 7, 1976, go live, has speeded up the work of the day in his compliments, but I had sought AT 11 A.M. Senate. There has only been one quorum earlier today to call off that quorum call call today put in by the distinguished as­ but the distinguished Senator from Ala­ Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, sistant majority leader, and I think the bama, noting that in his judgment I un­ if there be no further business to come Members of the Senate, realizing that doubtedly was seeking to call off the before the Senate, I move, in accordance a quorum call is going to go live, causes quorum call for a very worthy purpose, with the order previously entered, that them to come over to the Senate Cham­ went ahead to object to the calling off of the Senate stand in recess until the hour ber when a quorum call is called. the quorum. of 11 o'clock on Monday morning next. I believe instead of having 20, 25, or 30 Mr. President, I hope that both cloak­ The motion was agreed to; and at 2:28 quorum calls a session, we are now hav­ rooms will notify their respective clien­ p.m. the Senate recessed until Monday, ing only one or two, and I believe th~ has tele that rollcall votes are expected early June 7, 1976, at 11 a.m.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS CONGRESSIONAL BICENTENNIAL Passaic when the three major branches of there was a critical financial crisis in the the Methodist Church joined in 1935. Then, country; St. George's would feel the effect SALUTE TO THE FIRST UNITED when we go back one hundred years, our for the next three years. Within that pe­ METHODIST CHURCH OF PASSAIC, church was named the First Methodist Epis­ riod the people tried to raise money to keep N.J., UPON ITS CENTENNIAL copal Church. Preceding the centennial year, their church operating. Dr. Howe donated CELEBRATION IN MEMORIAM 1976, our Church wa.s named St. George's over $30,000-the ladles held fairs and festi­ TO THE LATE REVEREND MISS Methodist Episcopal Church. And in its ori­ vals-lecture series were started-concerts ANNA OLIVER, ITS FIRST LADY gin, it was called just the Methodist Episco­ were given-but nothing would stem the PASTOR pal Church of Acquackanack landing. foreclosure that loomed overhead. In the year 1843, a. Sunday School was The ladies held "necktie and apron sup­ started in the Tap House On The Hlll and, pers" to raise money, but to no avail. while the Tap House no longer exists, the In March, 1876, three pa.reels of property HON. ROBERT A. ROE site on which it was located is the area tcnown owned by St. George's were sold by the sheriff OF NEW JERSEY today as Passaic Park. A year later, in 1844, for back taxes-two pieces of property were IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a small Methodist Church was built on the sold for unpaid taxes of $7 each, one for un­ paid taxes of $12, and for the unpaid tax of Thursday, June 3, 1976 west side of River Road and this church building remained adequate until the con­ $100.00. Mr. ROE. Mr. Speaker. On Sunday, struction of the railroad which changed the And then ca.me July 4, 1876, a most impor­ June 6, the residents of the city of Pas­ area. from a river-oriented community to one tant da.y for our country a.nd also for our saic, my Eighth Congressional District, which was railroad oriented. The river no Church. The only official centennial cele· State of New Jersey, will join with the longer was the center of activity and people bration in Passaic was held in St. George's. started moving to areas along the route of In August, the foreclosure procedure forced congregation of the First United Metho­ the railroad. a. new church society to be formed, and on dist Church in commemorating the In 1865, the land on which the church August 17, the First Methodist Episcopal lOOth anniversary of its founding and stood, about two hundred feet north of the Church came into existence. memorializing the services of a former Erle Ra.Broad bridge, was sold a.nd the On September 17, with only fifteen people pastor and first woman to receive a full church was dismantled and moved piece by in the congregation, there appeared in the theological degree, the Reverend Miss piece to the corner of Howe Avenue and Pros­ pulpit, fresh from theological school, the Anna Oliver. pect Street. Dr. John M. Howe, a leading doc­ Rev. Anna Oliver. Her theme for the sermon tor and businessman of Passaic, ha.d donated as "Singleness of Alm." The financial pendu­ This is indeed a most historic occasion the property and took over the pastorate of lum finally began to swing and soon the and I know you and our colleagues here the new church. But it was not very long be­ church began to prosper. Concerts were in the Congress will want to join with me fore the church was too small for the grow­ given, lecture series were started a.nd in the 41 extending our warmest greetings and ing congregation and it was decided to erect early part of 1877, the Rev. Anna Oliver felicitations to Rev. Kenneth L. Smith, a new church. In 1870, Dr. Howe deeded a lot called a.s her assistant the black evangelist, the esteemed pastor, and all of his par­ to the church on the corner of Bloomfield Miss Amanda Smith. The floating debt of ishioners on this most joyous and note­ Avenue (now Broadway) and Gregory Ave­ $3,000 was soon reduced, the back interest nue. The old church building was sold to on the mortgage was pa.id, and all running worthy memorial observance. the city and it became Passaic's City Hall, expenses were covered. The church had been As we celebrate our Nation's Bicenten­ Fire Headquarters, Police Headquarters, and built with a seating capacity of 800 but at nial and reflect upon the history of our the office of the City Clerk. The building wa.s times there were 1,000 persons crowded into country and the good deeds of our people used by the city until 1892 when the new the church. The First Methodist Episcopal which have placed America in the high­ City Hall was ready for occupancy. The old Church of Passaic was indeed prospering; est position of preeminence as a repre­ wooden church building then was used for prospering so much that, as was the custom cake-walks a.nd primaries, except on Sun­ of the time, the pews were being rented, sentative democracy, second to none, days when a Holland congregation wor­ sometimes for as much as $5 to $50 each. This among all nations of the world, with your shipped there. In 1897, it was torn down to prosperity was readily noted by the next Con­ permission, I would like t-0 insert at this make room for the new Municipal Building. ference and they then appointed another point in our historical journal of Con­ Soon after 1870, plans for the new stone regularly-ordained pastor, the Rev. James R. gress a brief history of this most es- church began to take on monumental pro­ Bryan. teemed church, as follows: • portions. The Rev. George H. Whitney and During the course of our church history we have had fifty pastors. Since 1876, we ExcERPT OF HISTORY OF THE FmsT UNITED the building committee were told to bulld a church worthy of Methodism and one large have seen many changes in our Church; most METHODIST CHURCH, COMPll.'ED BY HISTORI­ enough to fulfill the needs of the growing changes have been very rewarding but some CAL COMMITTEE, WILLIAM T. SMITH, CHAIR­ changes were most devastating. The most MAN congregation. On September 4, 1871, the cor­ nerstone was laid and on November 2, 1873, drastic change was the loss through fire of This year, 1976, is a year of very significant the church was dedicated as St. George's the old stone church on January 31, 1954. importance to our Church in Passaic as 1976 Methodist Episcopal Church. But, like the phoenix of Egyptian mythology, encompasses both bicentennial a.nd centen­ It was a stupendous undertaking; the our church rose a.gain. Under the guidance nial history. The name of our present church, Methodists had erected a butlding which was of the Rev. Gustave A. Stark, we secured a the First United Methodist Church, dates considered the best one in the District, but new building site, a. new church building, from the merger of the Methodlst Church the escalatinrz costs had risen to well over new interests and new goals. and the Evangellcal United Brethern Church $70,000 instead of the $30,000 as originally And now we come to the bicentennial of in April, 1968. Prior to that date our church estimated by the architect. On September 20, our country and the centennial of our re-or­ was called the First Methodlst Church of 1873, about six weeks before the dedication, ganized Methodist Church in Passaic under June 4, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16729 the pastorate of the Rev. Kenneth L. Smith. CRADLE TO GRAVE BUREAUCRATIC Three years ago, in response to what it de­ Let us all work in harmony with each other; ~ CARE scribes as "widespread oompla.lnts," the FTC let us welcome new people with a sincere ges­ launched a staff investigation into funeral ture of good faith; but let us never lose sight practices. This culminated in August 1975 in of all the pastors and all the parishoners who the proposed regulation now pending. Public worked so dlligently in the past, for with­ HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK hearings have been held thus far in Chicago out their efforts we would not have the OF OHIO and New York. Additional hearings are sched­ Church which we have today. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES uled for June 1 in Seattle, June 9 in Los An­ geles, June 28 in Atlanta, and July 19 here in Mr. Speaker, during the centennial Thursday, June 3, 1976 observance of this most historic church, Washington. A final order is expected in the Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, in De­ fall. memorial services will be held in honor The proposed regulation is based upon a of the former first lady pastor of the cember of last year I introduced House staff study that 1s curiously shrill and almost First United Methodist Church, the late Concurrent .Resolution 505. This legis­ contemptuous in its tone. Some animus Reverend Miss Anna Oliver, whose lation would' restrict the Federal Trade plainly was at work in the drafting of these prominence and leadership position in Commission in its authority to prescribe charges. The typical funeral director emerges the community has served as an inspi­ rules preempting State and local laws. from this report as a greedy body-snatcher, In particular, it would limit the power exploiting bereaved relatives by "total and ration to the congregation for these subtle confusion." He is "terrified" or "horri­ many years. of the FTC in regard to the funeral pro­ fession. fied" by the thought of federal regulation. The following profile of Reverend His purpose ls to "steer" the family 1.nto the FTC bureaucrats have decided that highest-priced funeral by shaming the fam­ Oliver was taken from the writings of Federal regulation of the funeral pro­ the church historian, William T. Smith, ily into buying a costly casket, lying to them fession is in order. Consequently they about state laws and charging them for serv­ and is submitted herewith in memoriam have proposed complex and far-reaching ices "they don't really want." to this highly accomplished and dedi­ rules aimed at correcting what they con­ To put an end to these unfair and decep­ cated clergywoman whose standards of sider to be abuses in the profession. tive practices, the FTC proposes a trade regu­ excellence on behalf of mankind are These include price lists, disclosure lation rule that runs to 20 double-spaced held in the highest esteem: statements and types of forbidden pages. The principal proposal goes to written IN MEMORIAM TO THE REVEREND MISS ANNA itemization of prices. Funeral directors would behavior. have to offer their customers a full price OLIVER, PASTOR OF THE FmsT METHODIST This is one more example of an un­ EPISCOPAL CHURCH 1876-77, FmsT WOMAN range of caskets, and coUld not "uglify" the To RECEIVE A FuLL THEOLOGICAL DEGREE, desirable trend in our country, an in­ least expensive ones. DEDICATED PIONEER FOR EQUAL STATUS OP creasing tendency to federalize the It would be an unfair trade practice, pun­ WOMEN issues. More and more matters under ishable at law, for a funeral director "to sug­ State and local control are being taken gest in any manner that the customers' ex­ On June 7, 1876 Anna Oliver received the pressed concern about prices, inexpensive first Bachelor of Divlnity degree ever awarded over by the Federal Government and its services or merchanidse or an expressed desire to a woman. On that date the School of agencies. to save money by the customer is improper, Theology of Boston University recognized The FTC's proposed regulations are inappropriate, or indicative of a lack of re­ the capa'b111ties of this bright, cultured discussed in a recent editorial by James spect or affection for the deceased." How this young woman. Prior to this singular achieve­ J. Kilpatrick. I agree with Mr. Kil­ particular rule would be enforced, heaven ment, she already had received an M.A. from patrick's concluding paragraph that the only knows. Rutger's Female Institute, had been very The FTC staff insists that it is not engag­ active in the Woma.n's Rights a.nd Woman's regulations are "merely one more weari­ some extension of Federal power. The ing •in "bureaucratic overkill," but its re­ Temperance Movements and had been a quirements would demand a bewildering ar­ teacher of the Freedmen in the South during bureaucrats already seize us at the ray of price lists, informative memoranda and the post-war period. Also she wa.s an accom­ cradle. Do they truly need to pursue us disclosure statements. The making of funeral plished artist and subsequently exhibited to the grave?" arrangements would be treated as an exercise her work while a student at the University Following is the text of the editorial in comparative shopping among the super­ of Cincinnati. Then, after a year of theo­ as it appeared in the May 29 Washing­ markets. logical study at Oberlin College, she entered ton Star: Perhaps the abuses, deceptions and "ex­ Boston University. ploitative practices" are so pervasive that this FROM CRADLE-TO GRAVE, Too The Reverend Oliver had been educated heavy-handed federal rule is justified, but I and licensed by the Methodist Episcopal (By James J. Kilpatrick) wonder. Most of the states now !require price Church and rema.lned in the ministry, The Federal Trade Commission has pro­ disclosure. The state trade associations still wol'lked for the rights of women a.nd con­ posed sweeping federal regulation of the object in principle to price advertising, but tinued as a strong temperance advocate nation's funeral industry. The industry 1s they no longer expel members who engage in until her passing at the age of 52. fighting back. Because death is the one ulti­ such advertising. With a !return on invest­ A special benediction of Reverend Oliver ma.te condition shared by all mankind, the ment of only 4.25 percent, the industry would on Christmas Eve, 1876 memorialized the proposal merits universal consideration. not appear to be as "lucrative" as the FTC noble philosophy o! the parishioners' herit­ This is no little business. Though many staff insists it is. age with the following inscription: of the country's 22,000 funeral homes a.re My tentative impression is that the pro­ quite small (the national average is only 94 posed rule is merely one more wearisome ex­ "May the holy splrlt baptize this Church funerals per home per year), the industry tension of federal power. The bureaucrats al­ with the baptism of love, and guard from reported gross receipts in 1974 of $2.6 b11lion. ready seize us at the cradle. Do they truly it, forever all things which tend to distu.rlb In the FTC's view, the burial business plain­ need to pursue us to the grave? the harmony necessary to worship our God ly "affects" interstate commerce, and funeral in spirit and truth." practices therefore "are clearly a proper to concern of the federal government." Mr. Speaker, I am pleased seek As you would imagine, the industry takes this national recognition of the First VOTING RECORD OF CONGRESS­ a contrary view. All 50 states maintain MAN United Methodist Church of Passaic, boards or commissions with some regulatory JONATHAN B. BINGHAM N.J., and to ask you and our colleagues and enforcement powers. The National Fu­ here in the Congress to join with me neral Directors Association, a federation of HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM state associations, promulgates ethical now in salute to the church member­ standards; individual state associations have OF NEW YORK ship and Pastor Smith whose quality of expelled members for unethical practice. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES leadership and untiring, unselfish efforts The industry contends that among two mil­ Thursday, June 3, 1976 dedicated to the religious and spiritual lion funerals a year, a.buses a.re few. needs of mankind continues to promul­ The FTC responds that state regulation ts Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, last gate sincerity of purpose, good will and mostly sham. Only a handful of states pro­ week, I missed several rollcall votes be­ vide for even a single public or nonpro­ cause I was attending the UNCTAD Con­ the warmth of brotherhood so essential fessional member on their regUlatory boards. ference in Nairobi, Kenya as a Congres­ to the well-being and inspiration of In practice, funeral directors write and en­ sional adviser appointed by the Speaker. life's purpose and fulfillment. May they force regulations for fellow funeral directors. The general counsel of the NFDA, Thomas H. I wish to record here what my position enjoy God's blessings and continued Clark, serves also as counsel to the con­ would have been had I been present and success of achievement in service to His ference of state regulatory boards. It seeIIlS voting: Holy Name. indeed a cozy relationship. Rollcall No. 291, motion to agree to 16730 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1976 the conference report on H.R. 12453, to as well as the development of a just and litical structures if it is to survive the threat authorize NASA appropriations; "yea." humane world economic order. of modern war and overcome the dangerous 292, divisions of race and nation, bloc and class, Rollcall No. motion to agree to The resolution and statement of the and-let it be our shaming confession-of House Resolution 1191, the rule to con­ UCCfollow: sect and religion also. Therefore, members of sider H.R. 12677; "yea." RESOLUTION: "THE UNITED STATES AND THE the several faith traditions of the American Rollcall No. 293, motion to pass to H.R. UNITED NATIONS" people helped build the League of Ne.tions 12677, to extend for 3 years the pro­ 1. The U.S. Government should demon­ two generations ago, and then. learning grams of assiistance under the Compre­ strate clearly its serious respect for the much from its failure, contributed to the hensive Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism United Nations by the way it prepares for construction of a better United Nations 1n discussion of the UN agenda, by the kind of 1945. We are the grateful heirs of committed Prevention, Treatment, and Rehabililta­ people who, in the darkest years of the Sec­ tion Act of 1970; "yea." delegates it sends, by the financial support it provides, and by entrusting to the UN more ond World War, carefully worlr.ed out a world­ Rollcall No. 295, motion to pass H.R: significant issues that require tprograms of minded "Statement of Political Proposi­ 12679, to extend for 3 years assistance joint action. tions-Six Pillars of Peace." We have not for­ programs for health services under the 2. The U.S. Government should encourage gotten that, enlisting the concern of many Public Health Service Act; "yea." the UN General Assembly and its Economic thousands of clergy and congregations, they Rollcall No. 297, motion to pass H.R. and Social Council to press for full observ­ helped to mobilize United States Government 13121, to direct the Law Revision Counsel ance of human rights in all countries and support at the San Francisco Conference for to prepare and publish the District of not, as at present, in limited areas only. a. Charter creating a. universal political orga­ 3. The U.S. Government should further by nization rather than merely extending the Columbia Code; "yea." military alliance of the victorious powers. Rollcall No. 298, motion to pass H.R. its full cooperation the effort begun by the Seventh Special Session of the UN General The broad goals of the United Nations as 11009, as amended, to provide for an in­ Assembly to develop a just and humane set forth in the Charter a.re today as impera­ dependent audit of the :financial condi­ world economic order. tive for the safety and progress of humanity tion of the Government of the District 4. The U.S. Government should take the as when they were first formulated. This iS of Columbia; "yea." initl.a.tive in reducing its nuclear stmtegic equally true of the objectives defined for the 299, weapons to a minimum deterrent, and specialized United Nations agencies--politi­ Rollcall No. motion to agree to ca.l, economic, social and technical-that House Resolution 1190, rule to consider should support the convening of a world dis­ have been established to help the nations H.R. 6810, to authorize an additional As­ armament conference. Since disarmament requires the substitution of world security move toward the Charter vision. But our sistant Secretary of Commerce; ''yea." present re-dedication to those goals must be Rollcall No. 302, motion to pass H.R. for national security, the U.S. should stimu­ linked to a realistic appraisal of the record of 10138, to create the Young Adult Con­ late the establishment of a permanent UN the United Nations as an instrument for peace-keeping force. their achievement: servation Corps to complement the Youth 6. The U.S. Government should press for Conservation Corps; ''yea." 1. To maintain international peace and se­ activation of the UN "Special Committee on curity . . . and to bring about by peaceful Rollcall No. 303, motion to agree to the Charter" with the objective of reorganiz­ means . . . settlement of international dis­ House Resolution 1214, rule to consider ing the complex system of UN organs so as putes ... H.R. 12945; "yea." to make its many parts effective centers for No new World War has broken out during Rollcall No. 306, motion to pass H.R. the negotiation of consensus decisions about the life of the United Nations, but a hundred 13965, making appropriation for the action and for implementing those decisions. 11mlted waxs have been fought with esca­ Government of the District of Columbia lating violence, making millions of victims and other activities for fiscal year 1976 THE UNITED NATIONS WE SEEK in sixty countries. The arms race has come and the transition period; "yea." · The United Nations has been a prominent to involve more countries and more weapons Rollcall No. 308, motion to agree to an fact in the life of the world for a full gener­ than ever before in history. Earth and see. ation. But today, public opinion in the have been seeded with enough thermonuclear amendment to H.R. 12945, exempting charges to annihilate the human race. social security cost-of-living increase in United States and many other lands looks upon this world organization with an uneasy 2. To develop friendly relations among na­ computing the rent paid by senior citi­ mixture of admiration and disaffection, grat­ tions based on respect for the principle of zens in public housing; "aye." itude and resentment, trust and distrust, equal rights and self-determination of peo­ Rollcall No. 310, motion to pass H.R. hope and despair. As representatives of the ples ... 12945, to amend and extend laws relating varied constituency of the United Church The United Nations has become a forum in to housing and community development; of Christ in the United States of America, which 144 countries now regularly meet, al­ "yea." we would address this widespread ambiva­ most a.11 of the sovereign nation-states of the lence, sketching the shape of the United Na­ present era, some third of which were new­ Rollcall No. 313, motion to agree to born in the vast decolonization that followed House Resolution 1220, rule to consider tions we seek. The standpoint from which we speak must World War n. But many countries, old, new, H.R. 12169, FEA authorization and ex­ not be in doubt. The people and the congre­ great and small, have used this forum for tension; "yea." gations of the United Church of Christ are propaganda. and confrontation rather than neither isolationist.5 nor imperialist in world genuine interchange and negotiated accom­ affairs. They are resolutely internationalist. modation. Big Powers have refused to let THE UNITED CHURCH OF CHRIST Throughout the bicentennial history of the their gravest conflicts be subjected to collec­ Republic, prophetic elements in our church, tive international exa.mina.tion but insisted URGES A STRENGTHENING OF that smaller countries accept the judgment THE UNITED NATIONS as in all churches, have borne Witness to the belief that worldwlde community is the will of the Security Council in which the Big of God for humanity. Already in the Ameri­ Powers have control. National sovereignty HON. ROBERT F. DRINAN can colonial period, one of our formative has often been invoked to prevent investiga­ theologians held before the churches the tion of claims of unequal rights within na­ OF MASSACHUSETTS vision that underlies their ultimate hope for tions. Self-determination has been invoked IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES international relations: to legitimize national liberation but coun­ Thursday, June 3, 1976 "There shall then be universal peace and a tries freed from colonls.l dominaition and good understanding among the nations of seated in the United Nations have sometimes, Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, in the re­ the world instead of such confusion, wars under autocratic rulers, allowed no self­ cent past the executive council of the and bloodshed as have hitherto been from determina.tion for their own citizens. United Churches of Christ of America one age to another . . . Then shall all the 3. To achieve internationl cooperation in issued a five-point resolution with a com­ world be united in one amiable society. All solving international problems of a.n eco­ nations, in all parts of the world, on every nomic, social, cultural or humanitarian char­ prehensive supporting statement recom­ side of the globe, shall then be knit together acter, and in promoting ... respect for hu­ mending a deepening of the commitment ln sweet harmony." (Jonathan Edward, A man rights a.nd fundamental freedoms ... which the United St.ates and other History of the Work of Redemption, 1739.) The Umted Nations system of economic in­ countries have toward the United We continue to live by the Biblical prom­ stitutions has fa.cUitated the unprecedented Nations. ises inherent in this fa.1th. In the 20th cen­ economic growth of ma.ny countries since This compelling statement deserves tury, many Christian citizens and organiza­ World War II. United Nations cultu.ra.1 in­ the cl~t attention of every Member of tions in the United States have participated stitutions have increased mutual knowledge 1n the development of our national convic­ and appreciation, United Nations technical Congress. It is one of the most compell­ tion that the growth of worldwide commu­ and welfare institutions have improved com­ ing statements made in recent times con­ nity requires the framework of a strong in­ munication and brought much relief. United cerning the urgently important task of tergovernmental organization. We know that Nations socio-ethical institutions have set updating the United Nations so that it such community demands both the protec­ high standards for human solidarity wtthout can truly guarantee international peace tion and the stimulus of effective world po- discrimination as to race, sex, language or June 4, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16731 religion. But the gap between the rich and Although the rim of the matter has been needed and the United States must work for the poor-among and within nations-has addressed in treaties on Outer Space, the such initiatives. widened, political conflict has warped impor­ Seabed, the Antarctic, and a Partial Test 5. The United States Government must lay tant orga.ntzational decisions. and some of Ban, one or another of the Great Powers has much greater weight on the United Nations the most sensitive divisions between the na­ over the years resisted successfully the prep­ and its recommendations in the shaping of tions have not been honestly faced but sorely aration of any agreement limiting nuclear American foreign policy. aggravated through the loud sounding board weapons, rolling back the arms race, or con­ While every country's foreign policy must of Gen~ral Assembly debates. vening a world disarmament conference. The be essentially determined by its vital na­ 4. To be a center for harmonizing the world is now spending annually more than tional interests, the United States Gcwem­ actions of nations in the attainment of $300 billion on armaments. With a deadlock ment must be persuaded to provide a con­ these common ends. in the SALT II negotiations, the United sistent example of a. country that does not During the first half of its life to date, States must take the initiative in reducing presume to know what its ultimate national the United Nations was prevented by the its nuclear strategic weapons to a mini­ interests really are without factoring into Cold War from effectively coordinating many mum deterrent. The United States should their formulation the best judgment of the weighty actions of the Great Powers. Post­ reverse its opposition to the &>nvening United Nations. To enable the United Nations war economic recovery, ann.s limitation, na­ of a world disarmament conference by institutions and agencies to contribute to tion-building, and the implementation of the United Na,tions. This would focus human survival, the United States must human rights standards could not be har­ world opinion on disarmament and also clearly demonstrate more than a decent re­ monized by the United Nations because of establish a new negotiating forum in which, spect for the opinion of the United Nations the bitter rivalry between East and West. hopefully, France and China. for the first time and all its member-states. By the way it pre­ During the second half of its existence, the might participate. Since disarmament re­ pares for discussion of the United Nations United Nations has frequently been reduced quires the substitution of world security for agenda, it must commlmica.te its will to join to rhetoric without adequate action-pro­ national security, the United States must - in the negotta.tions of a. consensus rather grams by the fanning of conflict and the stimulate the United Nations to establish than convey the impression that it regards refusal of compromise between the indus­ peace-keeping machinery in the form of a United Nations debates as generally a threat trial and the less developed countries, be­ permanent United Nations force. The reli­ or a nuisance. By the kind of delegates it tween North and South. Great Power vetoes gious community in the United States, 1n sends and financial contributions it votes, in the Security Council and one-sided ma­ concert with the international ecumenical a Great Power reveals whether the United jority votes in the General Assembly have community, should participate vigorously 1n Nations organs are central or peripheral to alike provided empty victories rather than a. campaign to press both national govern­ its own policy decisions. agreed next steps ahead. ments and the United Nations toward bind­ The American religious community should We are grateful to God that, in spite of ing, controllable agreements that damp down maintain constant pressure on the American thirty years of crisis and ordeal, the United the current multiple dangers of general war. Administration to make excellence, compas­ Nations survives, and is still potentially the 3. The rising demand for a "new interna­ sion and openness the standards for all forms organizing center indispensable to our tional economic order," expressed everywhere of United States participation in the work human survival and to the nurture of a in the less developed countries and heard by of the world body. The United States Govern­ genuine and humane worldwide community. many people of conscience in the richer na­ ment should join other member governments We therefore call upon the churches to tions, must be met head on. in seeking to make the United Nations more work, beginning in this year of the bicen­ The United Nations is the only place where operational by entrusting to it more signifi­ tennial and of a presidential election, for all parties to the required changes in world­ cant area of joint action, thereby a,chieving five essential reforms related to the whole wide capital transfer, productivity, income increasing functional integration on a world United Nations couples, and especially the distribution, price and tax policies can ex­ sea.le, similar to the regional economic in­ role played therein by our own United States press their concerns and contribute their tegration being built through the European Government. Detailed programs of action ideas. The future allocation of food, of energy, Economic Community. The religious forces of in pursuit of each of these reforms will from of all raw materials, but also the defense and the United States should continue to help time to time be proposed in appropriate enhancement of our planetary environment, the American people to see that the· United implementation recommendations. This cannot possibly be determined fairly and will Nations is an indispensable instrument of Resolution aims only to spotlight what we never be accepted universally unless the rep­ contemporary society. They should work for believe a.re flve basic issues concerning which resentatives of all of humanity participate public understanding that United Nations American Christians can help secure ap­ in the great decisions that must be ma.de. membership must be all-embracing, what­ propriate institutional and policy change: The religious groups of the United States ever the political ideologies of the diverse 1. The present distribution of power and should urge the United States Government lands, and for public trust that this strug­ responsibility in the whole web of United and private United States corporations, gling world body can indeed be improved, Nations institutions should be restructured whether transnational or engaged in the im­ through the diligent labors of all who believe so as to insure that the policies and pro­ port/export business, to participate creative­ that worldwide community, not self-destruc­ grams adopted have at least the minimum ly, rather than defensively,.in the construc­ tion, is the destiny of the human race. level of member-state support that is es­ tion of that more just and humane world sential for their implementation. network of economic activity whose time has The status of United States and interna­ now come. The Seventh Special Session of tional religious bodies as recognized Non­ the United Nations General Assembly in 1975 CONSUMER COMMUNICATIONS Governmental Organizations should be began the indispensable process of joint ac­ utilized to press for the activation of the tion, by the rich and the poor, to develop a REFORM ACT United Nations' "Special Committee on the pluralist world economic order in which the Charter of the United Nations and the special values of free market and planning Strengthening of the Role of the Organiza­ a.re united, and other notions about viable HON. TIMOTHY E. WIRTH tion." Likewise, religious groups should economic patterns a.re tested. Religious OF COLORADO offer their testimony to the Secretary Gen­ groups must vigilantly and vigorously labor IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES enral's "High Level Group of Experts" to see that there is delivery on the promises charged to develop "A New United Nations made in that historic United States session. Thursday, June 3, 1976 Structure !Oil' Global Economic Cooperation" in replacement of the current jumble of 4. The United Nations General Assembly Mr. wmTH. Mr. Speaker, during the overlapping and unrelated organs working and its Economic and Social Council, with period that I have been a member of the on various facets of the same porblems. This strong support from the United States Gov­ Subcommittee on Communications, one religious witness should be articulately ernment, must develop, the courage to press of the witnesses who has impressed me based on the twin principles of national for full respect for human rights in all parts the most has been John Eger, Acting Di­ independence and international interde­ of the world. rector of the White House Office of Tele­ pendence, not on any doctrinaire notion of a The United Nations has thus far selectively pointed to violations of human rights in such communications Policy. I regret that Mr. single world government or any imperial Eger is leaving that post, for I feel he is notion of capitalist or socialist or "Third countries as South Africa., Rhodesia., Chile, World" hegemony. The objective should be and the occupied Arab territories. But "the one of the most forward-thinlling indi­ so to reorganize the United Nations system United Nations has not been able, politically, viduals in the present administration. as to make its many organs and agencies to send missions to investigate, or to cite, In remarks delivered today before the centers for the negotiations of "consensus violations in such countries as Korea, the Electronic Industries Association seminar decisions about action rather than voting Philippines, Indonesia., Iran, Syria, Uganda, in Hyannis, Mass., Mr. Eger offers a about words." ( Cleveland, Ha.rlan-"The Czechoslovakia, and the Soviet Union_ While cribcal analysis of the telephone indus­ Peace of Mutation." The Inter-Dependent, the United Nations has adopted the historic try-backed Consumer Communications July-August, 1975.) Universal Declaration of Human Rights and 2. The increasingly dangerous stalemate in drafted a series of individual declarations Reform Act of 1976. I think it is an excel­ United Nations work on arms control, arms and conventions in many specific areas, the lent statement on the issue of competi­ reduction, and general disarmament should machinery has been lacking to enforce these tion in the telephone industry and I com­ be broken. rights. New United Nations structures a.re mend it to my colleagues: 16732 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1976

REMARKS OF JOHN EGER, ACTING DmECTOR, rate-ma.king principle a.kin to out-of-pocket gress, and the FCC in stating unequlvocably OFFICE OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY, costs as the floor for rate-making purposes. that there simply is no reliable evidentiary EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT, BEFORE That such a rate-ma.king :rule applied with­ foundation for assertion of technical harm THE ELECTRONIC INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION out the careful oversight o! the FCC might to the network, or of any adverse impact SEMINAR ON ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS result in the financial demise of their rivals from competition on local exchange rates, It's a. great plea.sure for me to be here with ls not lost on the established carriers. Should either now or in the foreseeable future. I you today at the Electronic Industries Asso­ this happen, they request further that the would include in the cross-section I ~efer to ciation Seminar on Electronic Communica­ Congress grant their full anti-trust exemp­ such people as Chairman Wiley of line FCC tions. I have been greatly impressed by the tion and the green light to acquire the assets and the late Chairman of the House Sub­ program thus far, and I look forward to of their competitors. cominittee on Communications, Torbert Mac­ listening to the views of the distinguished Finally, the Bill would eliininate unified donald. speakers you have gathered from the va.ri­ control over the terms and conditions o! ac­ The industries• arguments are weak, and ous sectors of the telecommunications in­ cess to the national telephone network by al­ their facts a.re largely overstated. For in­ dustry. lowing each state the exclusive right to det.er­ stance, total competitors' earnings in 1974 Perhaps no other industry can be more mine th" conditions under which terminal were less than four-tenths of one percent proud of its a.ccomplishments or more opti­ equipment can be connected, by whom the of establish carriers' revenues. The portion Inistic a.bout its future. In the hundred yea.rs equipment must be supplied, and the very o! Bell System revenues which is even vul­ that have passed since the first telephone design of the equipment itsel!. nerable to competition is only about 5 per­ message was transmitted right here in the I need not point out to you that the sum cent of the total. State of Massachusetts. we have witnessed o! the provisions of this Bil would eliminate The speculations about potential injury a. technological revolution in the develop­ entirely the miniscule competition which have likewlse been grossly exaggerated. For ment of electronic communica.tions: a revo­ currently exists in domestic markets for pri­ example, a Bell claim that basic exchange vate lines and terininal equipment. And, rates Inight increase by as much as 70 per­ lution that has chaliged the face of America more than that, let me emphasize that the cent is based in part on the assumption that and, indeed, the social, economic, a.nd politi­ Bill would allow for the total elimination of the company would lose substantial revenue cal structure of the entire world. contributions !rom both its competitive and Now we a.re embarking on the second one all future competition except perhaps !or that which the established industry itself monopoly services ( a.pa.rt from basic exchange hundred yea.rs ... a. second century that deems to be in the public interest. services) while casting off none of the com­ promises to launch us on a. new and even Although the proponents of this B111 have mon costs associated with provisions of these more exciting course-a. course rich in oppor­ advertised it as one designed primarily to services. tunity; a course that spills over national protect the consuming public, to my knowl­ Finally, there is simply no basis in our boundaries; and a. course that winds its way edge, after months of intense promotion, the experience for anticip-ating any slgnifi.oa.nt to even higher and higher standards of living industry has not been successful in enlisting revenue diversion from continuing monopoly for all of us. We have the creativity a.nd the the support of a single consumer group. If services such as interstate or intrastate mes­ inventive genius, and we have the industria.l this is, in fact, the case, then we must ask sage toll or Wide Area Telephone Service; might to make this dream come true. But it ourselves the obvious question: Why not? and, even in the competitive fields, Bell's is here that I must ask the question: "Do we I say because, in its ultimate effect, it ls an service and marketing innovations to date have the will to make it come true?" anti-consumer bill: A bill which would strip give every reason to anticipate that it will I ask this question because I see dissension consumers of present a.nd future options in retain a major portion o! the business. within the industry-not so much as to the their choice of communications services and To those who say competition cannot work goals we have set for the future, but the leave them to the whims and goals, however in telecommunications, I say it can-and we manner in which we hope to achieve them. lofty, of a sole supplier; and a Bill which must let it. To those who argue that only a For, in the very midst of this technological would lock in place a system o! taxes and monolithic industry structure can serve the watershed which promises so much for our subsidies both adininistered and subject to consumer's best interest, I say give the society, and indeed those of the entire world, change by private interests without effective monopoly its due in those markets where it we find well-intentioned men wanting to re­ public oversight at either the state or Fed­ ls justified (and it ls in some). but leave the sist a.nd impede the dynamic wave of inno­ eral level. remainder for the creative, dynamic forces vation that they themselves helped to create. It ls not my purpose today, however, to They have manifested this resistance in the of market rivalry: Give consumers the bene­ say that the established carriers are all fits of efficient, large-sea.le production, but do form of a Bill before the Congress. It is a wrong-and I am all right. In fact, I agree superficia.lly appealing Bill, a. deceptive Bill, not deny them new and innovative services with much of what the industry has to say. and the diversity of choice which are the beguilingly ca.lied the Consumer Communi­ I too deplore cartel management and arbi­ cations Reform Act of 1976. And, in my judg­ hallmarks of our system of free enterprise. trary market allocation. I too agree that I recognize that the task at hand is not an ment, it will serve more to retard consumer protective-umbrella rate regulation ls a la­ communications than to reform it. easy one, nor one susceptible to simple solu­ mentable practice--and must be avoided­ tions. But let me say this: Just as our dis­ It ls a Blll that looks backward at a time and that the opportunity to fail must ac­ when the sum of our productivity as a na­ like for cartel management must not drive company the opportunity to succeed. I agree us to embrace monopoly management by a tion depends upon our relentless guest to that competition, if it is to be full and fair, harness the technology of the future-a quest regulatory agency shorn of its regulatory must be a two-way street-indeed, if we are powers by this very Bill, likewise our distaste that must" be pursued by each of us, and all to have the full benefits of competition. The of us, slowed only by the limits of our crea­ for market apportionment among many riv­ same rules must apply with equal force to als is not at all sweetened by the prospect tive imaginations. established carriers and new entrants alike. To propose that the development of tele­ o! Congressional apportionment o! the entire communications Inight best be served by a I agree further that the public interest market to a sole supplier. Market allocation single vested interest, free to regulate the requires near-universal telephone service, is market allocation-be it among the many pace of technological growth, and unencum­ and I applaud the industry for successfully or to the one. Nor does our commitment to bered by the stimulating effect of aggressive meeting this objective. fairness for established carriers extend to an competition is, in my Judgment, sheer folly. There I disagree, and disagree strongly, is endorsement of operating opportunities for Let me explain. in the basic premise that the established predatory pricing by these same carriers. · To begin with, the Bill would establish a telephone monopoly has put forth as their I wa.nt to make it clear that I believe we presumption in favor of monopoly control of primary reason for presenting this B111 to can and must steer a careful course between these new t.echnologies and services-and this the Congress the presumption that compe­ the wasteful extremes of unregulated monop­ at a time when economic, technological, and tition in the telephone industry will ulti­ oly as implied by the Bill and the kind of historical development force the contrary mately serve to degrade the public t.elephone regulated competition which, in large meas­ conclusion that the traditional competitive network and increase the cost of telephone ure, has led to the present sorry state of our market forces a.re quite capable of serving the service to the general public. Nation's transportation system. public's interest in many o! the Nation's This ls, I believe, a false premise, based We find no merit in either; and, conse­ emerging marketplaces. upon an equally faulty presumption. And it quently, we are appalled by the prospect o! The Bill would place the burden on pot.en­ is unbecoming that an industry that has both. Ours is a middle-of-the-road approach. tial com»etitors, the new entrants, to prove grown and prospered under our basic free en­ Yet, if we are to travel this road, there is that their offerings do not duplicate eX!Sting terprise system should now turn its back on some unfinished regulatory business we must services ·of established carriers; and, if the that system at the very moment that it attend to. services are new, the would-be competitor promises its greatest rewards in the de­ Let me be specific. I spoke of that unfin­ must prove that the service ls totally beyond velopment of communications-and, perhaps ished business la.sit November in my state­ the ability of the established carriers to j>ro­ more importantly, that it has also chosen ment to the House Communications Sub­ vide it. It hardly needs to be said that such a to inject the totally unsubstantiated scare committee. I believed then, as now, that the burden would be virtually impossible to bear. tactics of rising costs and technical harm public deserves and can obtain the benefits The Bill appa.rently would also allow the into the national dialogue in order to pre­ of both monopoly and competition. I! we established carriers to det.ermine for them­ serve its own vested interests at the expense a.re to have both, we must, however, fashion selves what oonstitutes a fair and reasonable of the consuming public. carefully constructed regulatory instruments price for their competitive services. And, I think I speak for a significant cross­ to prevent both predatory pricing and preda­ more than that, the Bill would establish a section of the Executive Branch, the Con- tory entry. Mind you, I am not suggesting June 4, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16733 new regulations, !but merely a careful honing ernmental bureaucracy, we spend the ma­ As it is, many experienced teachers a.re ex­ of some of the old. jority of our productive energy devising rules pected to resign if they are ordered to dif­ In November, I outlined an eight-point pro­ and regulations that, in the aggregate, ferent schools to integrate faculties, whether gram for regulatory reform in the telephone serve only to restrain our initiative, divide they live in the city or don't. The additional industry and, at the request of the late our resources, and set us one upon another pressure of a residency requirement could tip Chairman of the House Communications in a winner-take-all game of chance. the balance toward resignation. Subcommittee, I submitted an agenda for But let me conclude on a note of optimism As usual, the youngsters will be the losers. action and a timetable for implementation­ and one of caution all the same. We have a A residency requirement for Chicago teachers parts of whi<:h have already been accom­ fine telephone system-indeed, the finest in would be just another reason for more ex­ plished. the world, and one which is bound to im­ perienced teachers to leave the city's schools. In the remaining time, let me review prove. But, let us not establish the precedent quickly for you the contents of that agenda. for nationalizing whole industries and vest­ The first thing that is needed is a basic ing their control with private interests to and assured commitment to the free achieve that improvement. market--across the board-except and only And let us not spurn lightly the experi­ CONSUMER COMMUNICATIONS RE­ to the extent that workable competition can ence of two centuries during which this FORM ACT OF 1976 be shown to be unavailing. The burden of nation, armed with the principles of a free proof should be up to those opposing market competitive enterprise and the democratic entry to show concretely that its detriments vote, grew and prospered. Hand in hand, HON. MARJORIE S. HOLT in any given case are likely to outweigh its these very principles guided this nation­ OF MARYLAND benefits-not the other way around. the energy and talent of its people and the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Second, the FCC should declare its readi­ wealth of its natural resources-to the very ness to determine that certain services lack­ pinnacle among the ations of the world. Thursday, June 3, 1976 ing any appreciable attributes of "natural Equality of opportunity-be it in markets Mrs. HOLT. Mr. Speaker, I am today monopoly" are not common carrier services for jobs, markets for ideas, or markets for joining a number of my colleagues in in­ at all, and so may be freed of any regulation goods and services-has been, ls, and will under Title II of the Communications Act. remain the standard against which truly troducing the Consumer Communications We believe this determination can be made, free societies are measured. Reform Act of 1976. for example, both with respect to brokerage And so I leave you With one final thought, Since its inception, the Federal Com­ of communications services and facilities, and that 1s the proposition that our success munications Commission has been and with respect to the provision of terminal as a nation has not been wrought by acci­ charged with the responsibility of im­ equipmetlt. dent. It was planned and sustained by men plementing a national policy of universal Third, procedures should be established to of vision, men who believed in some very arrange revised inter-jurisdictional separa­ basic principles--principles which, taken telephone service at reasonable rates. tions procedures that remove present arti­ together come down to a single thought, a Several recent decisions of the Commis­ ficial obstacles to competition. OTP is cur­ single word, the word with whioh we began sion have raised questions as to whether rently developing these proposed revisions some 200 years ago: and that word 1s "Free­ the Commission is implementing this and is consulting with interested parties on dom." The new entrants in the telecommuni­ congressionally mandated policy or a sensible approach to this problem. cations industry ask only the freedom to creating its own policy. These decisions, Fourth, and very importantly, there is an compete. They ask for nothing more, and we must offer them nothing less. which are designed to increase competi­ overwhelming need to develop and adopt cost tion in the telecommunications industry, allocation principles that will apportion joint and common costs among the various services allow the unlimited interconnection of offered by multiple-service firms. This is at customer-provided terminals and station the heart of the cross-subsidies and preda­ TEACHERS AND RESIDENCY equipment with the telephone network. tory pricing issues. Competition is a basic tenet of the The fifth and closely related step that free enterprise system and a desirable needs to be taken is a revision of the long­ trait in all commercial transactions. outmoded Uniform System of Accounts. Three HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI However, it must be recognized that the years ago, we commissioned and, in 1974, OF U.LINOIS telephone industry does not operate in forwarded to the FCC a study showing that, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES under the current system, not even the direct a free market; it is a Government-regu­ costs of facilities or equipment are corre­ Thursday, June 3, 1976 • lated monopoly, the same as all other lated with the various services from which public utilities. Decisions which are nor­ revenues are drawn. And that situation is Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, in my mally made by market forces are in this substantially unchanged today. judgment, the Federal courts are contin­ industry made by regulatory agencies. we must also insure that services which uing their unfortunate pattern of usurp­ Thus, the standards which are applied to are determined by the Commission not to ing legislative jurisdiction. The most re­ normal business undertakings cannot be be "natural monopoly," common carrier cent example is the Supreme Court rul­ universally applied to the telecommuni­ services should nonetheless be offerable by ing on residency for local government common carriers, provided that they estab­ employees. cations industry. lish for that purpose subsidiary corporations Serious allegations have been made with separate accounts and records. This -on May 13, WGN Chicago, broadcast that the FCC-sponsored competition will would involve, for example, the de-tarl.ffl.ng an editorial on the serious problem that have deleterious effects upon the system, of all terminal equipment. would be created for the Chicago school including a reduction in quality of serv­ Finally, the Commission should be asked system if this residency requirement ice and substantial increase in charges to prepare whatever specific legislative rec­ were applied to its teachers, and I be­ for residential and small business cus­ ommendations may seem necessary to carry lieve the points made by WGN are appli­ the foregoing agenda into effect. Among the tomers. While there is no universal agree­ cable to many other cities in our Nation. ment on these points, I trongly feel that changes that might be considered would be The editorial follows: a statutory modification of the 1956 AT&T Congress must review our national tele­ Consent Decree which was negotiated at a TEACHERS AND RESIDENCY communications policy with an eye to­ time wh en there was little if any effective Now that Mayor Daley has ordered that all ward the effect of this policy on the competition in the communications services city employees be city residents, the Chicago consumer and our national telephone field and which, as written, generally re­ Board of Education may do likewise. There ls system. .. strains AT&T from operating in unregulated no question, since a recent Supreme Court ruling, that such requirements are legal. We Though I may not ultimately agree markets. with all the provisions of this proposed I realize, of course, that no one of us can continue, however, to support the concept make this or any other agenda come to pass. of free choice in housing and we will support legislation, I do feel that the Consumer The solutions to the problems we face in efforts to block or repeal city-residence Communications Reform Act of 1976 will telecommunications today must be solved ordinances. provide a framework within which Con­ by all of us working together toward a com­ There is another element involved in the gress can effect a much needed review of mon goal. But the time is long past due to situation of teachers, the effort to integrate our national policy. I would hope that call a halt to the seemingly endless bicker­ faculties as well as student bodies in Chi­ this review will include methods of in­ ing and jurisdictional rivalry which threat­ ca.go's public schools. It is estimated that be­ creasing competition in the industry ens to slow and to cripple our ca.pa.city for tween 25 and 30 percent of the teachers llve technological innovation and creativity. in the suburbs. We presume a large majority which will not adversely affect consumer It matters little that we expound on the of them are white teachers. If they are forced interests. I urge that the Committee on magnificence of our existing communica­ to make the choice between suburban• living Interstate and Foreign Commerce ini­ tions systems and our preeminence among and Chicago teaching Jobs, many would opt tiate prompt hearings on this urgent nations if, in our boardrooms and in our gov- for the suburbs. matter. 16734 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1976 WORK RULES AND BEEF PRICES able improvements in productivity have been 'administered labor and other cost increases' the biggest single factor in price spread in­ which are not offset by advances in produc­ creases in recent years. The average beef tivity." HON. JAMES ABDNOR price spread, for example has gone up more Crago said that the widening price spreads than 50 per cent in just the past five years. have two basic effects on farmers and ranch­ OF SOUTH DAKOTA Average cattle prices have risen signifi­ ers. "Pa.rt of the increase is passed on to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cantly from several years ago, Crago said, but the consumer in the form of higher prices," Thursday, June 3, 1976 cattlemen helped keep these increases under he noted, "and that limits demand for our control with a 65 per cent improvement in product. Also, part of the increase comes Mr. ABDNOR. Mr. Speaker, just about their own output per man-hour in just the out of the producer's share of the food dol­ anywhere you turn you will find some past 10 years. lar. self-appointed expert lamenting the During the same 10-year period, it was "If more of the available dollars go to pay "high cost of food" with particular em­ noted, the beef price spread jumped 74 per for continually increasing meat handling cent. A major factor was labor cost increases. margins, there obviously will be fewer dol­ phasis on the "high cost of meat." Any Wage rates in the meat processing industry lars left for the cattle industry. The squeeze time there is a slight rise in the price climbed 77 per cent, compared with a pro­ on our prices and returns can ultimately farmers are paid for their product it ductivity increase of only 30 per cent. In cause large cutbacks in beef supplies, and makes headlines. Not much is said when the supermarket business, wage rates rose that means still higher prices for beef." these particular prices decline. Strangely, 82 per cent, but there was a 5 per cent de­ even though th~e prices decline the price cline in productivity. of food in the supermarket rarely does. "Without the continuing improvement in Why this happens is due to a number of agricultural productivity," Crago said, "The GREAT NECK MEMORIAL DAY share of income spe on food would not factors, and I would like to share with have leveled off or decreased a.s it did in re­ PARADE my colleagues some very perceptive com­ cent years. Cattlemen and other agricultural ments on the subject which Vince Crago, producers have been able to feed more peo­ president of the South Dakota Stock­ ple better because they have not resisted HON. LESTER L. WOLFF growers Association made recently: more efficient use of labor; they have not OF NEW YORK ON BEEF PRICES FOR CONSUMERs--8TOCK• learned to put two drivers in a tractor when IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES one man (or woman) could do the job. GROWERS CHALLENGE LABOR UNIONS, Gov­ Thursday, June 3, 1976 ERNMENT "There were two and one half times as many farmers in 1950 as there are now; yet Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, ortMonday SPEARFISH.-Cattlemen have challenged fa.rm production last year was twice that of labor unions and government officials to 20 years ago. How many more people still May 31, 1976, the annual Great Neck elilnina.te rules and practices that ca.use high­ would be on farms instead of teaching school Memorial Day Parade was held. This er beef prices for consumers and lower cattle or Inaking stereo sets ... how much higher year's parade was dedicated to the Amer­ prices for producers. would beef prices be now if someone had ican Bicentennial observance and many According to Vince Crago, president of the decreed that each farm truck should carry local citizens participated in the event. South Dakota Stockgrowers Association, ris­ two men, or a man had to be stationed at Mr. Howard Leeds, well known as a local ing off-farm costs of processing, transporting each cattle feed bunk even when feed wasn't and marketing beef a.re the major reasons for business leader and the president of the being delivered, or the same ranch hand Great Neck Chamber of Commerce, was higher retail food prices for consumers. couldn't feed cattle one day and repair a. Crago explained that these widened farm­ fence the next?" the grand marshal of the parade. He is to-retail price spreads a.re ca.used in large Crago estimated that restrictions in labor­ a prominent citizen in the community pa.rt by union work rules and overly re­ management agreements cause beef prices and has been a member of the parade strictive government red tape and regula­ to average at least 5 cents per pound higher committee and the master of ceremonies tions. He contrasted lagging productivity in than otherwise would be the case. In total, for the observance on the Village Green the off-farm segments of the food industry he noted, union "featherbedding" practices for many years. He is also a volunteer with continued increases in production per in the beef business may cost the public at a.ere and output per man-hour on farms and congressional aide, district representa­ least $% billion a. year. tive to the U.S. Military Academy, and ranches. Agricultural productivity now ls Crago also called attention to an ever­ three and one ha.If times greater than it was expanC41ng maze of local, state and Federal liaison officer to the Veterans• Adminis­ in 1950. regulations which hinder productivity and tration hospitals in the New York area. Without agriculture's productivity im­ appear to cost the public far more than they Along with this distinguished gentle­ provement which has been twice that of return in terms of health, safety or other man were such other notables as Lt. Col. other sectors of the economy-retail food benefits. Joseph S. Grasso, USAR, chairman of prices would be significantly higher than they "If the inefficiencies caused by unnecessary are now, Crago pointed out. proceedings; Maj. Gen. George W. Mc­ government regulations have an effect as Grath, Jr., commanding general, 17th The unnecessary government regulations great as that of union work rules," Crago and union "featherbedding," he continued, said, "the additional cost to the public is U.S. Army Reserve Command; John H. are contributing to increased prices for meat easily another $% billion per yea,r. Reed, Jr., division commander, USMC; and other foods. Unless the practices are cur­ "Beef represents a.bout one-sixth of the Robert Neubert, 2d Division commander; tailed, average food prices will continue to at-home food budget. If there a.re similar Jeff Flowers, 3d Division commander; rise and the larger fa.rm-to-reta.11 price inefficiencies in other parts of the food econ­ Maj. Gen. R. E. Schoeneman, U.S. Air spreads will further squeeze the fa.rm pro­ omy, the public is paying several billion Force; Rt. Rev. Msgr. Henry J. Reel; ducer's share of the available food dollar. dollars a. year just to support unnecessarily Rev. William J. Jiles; Rev. Garry E. "For 20 years, average retail food prices restrictive government and union rules and Maier; and Rabbi Jerome K. Davidson. rose relatively slowly," Crago said. "An in­ red tape. It's another example of cost-push crease of about 6 per cent per year in agri­ inflation imposed on all of us by big govern­ The observance of Memorial Day, a cultural productiiity---or output per man­ ment and big labor." special day set aside each year to honor hour---offset most fa.rm production cost in­ Crago said the South Dakota Stockgrowers the memory of our gallant war dead, has creases, and average farm prices rose very Association is joining the American National long been celebrated on the Great Neck little. Until 1971, a.bout 95 per cent of Cattlemen's Association in encouraging the Peninsula. Local veteran posts held the food price increase was caused by higher legislative and executive branches of govern­ memorial exercises during the 1920's and costs and margins for marketing farm ment, consumers, business, labor unions and foods. Farm prices continued t<1' fluctuate continue to do so to this day. Worthy farm producers to acknowledge the pro­ of special mention has been the strong with changes in weather and supply and ductivity problem and then do something demand, but farm-to-retail price spreads in­ about it. Unless wage demands are matched support of the U.S. Merchant Marine creased almost every year. with productivity improvements and costly Academy at Kings Point, from the early "In the early 1970's farm prices rose signl:!­ government bureaucracy is reduced, he as­ 1940's on. Over the years, the American ican tly in response to shorter supplies and serted, the now-established trend of spiral­ Legion and the Veterans of Foreign Wars increased world demand, but the relentless ing food price spreads will continue. have also lent unfailing support. increase in off-farm margins still accounted "For years, agriculture's productivity im­ This year's parade committee includ­ for half the increase in average food prices. provement has been the major deterrent to ed honorary chairman, Arthur B. Engel, During the past two years, more than three­ food price increases," he said, "but this one fourths of the food price increase was ca.used segment of the food economy can't continue rear admiral, Superintendent, USMA; by higher marketing charges." to carry the burden for all the rest. general chairman, Howard A. Filbry, Crago pointed out that labor costs alone "We would be the first to oppose any anti­ past commander V.F.W. Post 372; sec­ represent half to two-thirds of the margins in comp,:,titive situations in the food Industry; retary, Comdr. Robert E. Cohen, USNR certain segments of the off-fa.rm food in­ but it is quite clear that our problem now (retired); execut.ive chairman, Charles dustry, and wage increases without compar- ls not 'administered price increases,' but is Davis, commander, American Legion June 4, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16735 Post 160; and treasurer, John E. Keating, of the equal opportunity arena and !lave the racial minorities who actually are a mi­ commander, V.F.W. Post 372. been denied the power to define who they nority of the overall population. This Bicentennial Year with the ded­ are and what they can do. This has been an It ls also true that, as a whole, women important denial because those ln power in spand a. wide range of economic groups and, icated assistance of Attorney Fred A. every society have always recognized that therefore, tend not to fall on the lower rung Williams, the committee has been incor­ the people who hold the power to :ie:fine, of the economic ladder as do other racial mi­ porated and holds a New York State hold the basic for all power. norities who tend to be the victims of eco­ charter; thereby assuring the future The critics of Black and other minority in­ nomic devastation. Needless•to say, women continuation of this historic day. volvement in the liberation struggle of wo­ who a.re employed as "token" representatives men suggest that the problexns of minorities of their sex generally tend not to have as dif­ are much more severe than those of women ficult a. time adjusting to a work situation as RACISM AND SEXISM: A CO~ON because this country is more color-conscious do minorities who often feel alienated and es­ PLIGHT than lt is sex-conscious. The truth is that tranged. because of their differences in racial America is as anti-feminist as it is racist and or cultural origin. that both of these constitute a large degree All of us have an obligation to join in HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL of anti-humanism-a characteristic that is this positive struggle so tha.t "equal oppor­ OF NEW YORK unfortunate, but real. tunity for all" will no longer be an empty An examination of the problems shared by slogan, but wlll be a meaningful, viable, and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES women and minorities in employment re­ attainable goal for every American. Thursday, June 3, 1976 veals that tremendously large numbers from We are most fortunate to have a member both groups are under-employed, unem­ of the Congressional Black Caucus, Rep. Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, during our ployed, and underpaid because they have Augustus F. Hawklc.s, chairing the Sub­ Bicentennial year, two sectors in Amer­ been unable to seize control of any sizable committee on Equal Opportunities, the Sub­ ica remain without the fruits of their degree of the decision-making positions. committee invested with the legislative re­ labor which contributed t.o this country's They a.re not the ones who define; therefore, sponsib1lity for oversight ln these matters. 200 years of growth and prosperity. they are not the ones who control. Minorities and women continue to suffer The delegation and assignment of roles the common plight of unequal opportu­ has traditionally been a responsib111ty of the nity in a country which proclaims equal­ white males, and as a result, white femt1.les AMERICAN BUSINESS' NEW (as well as Black males and females) have OWNERS ity for all. While women are in a nu­ been relegated to those positions which car­ merical majority and nonwhite citizens ry very little weight in the decision-making are not, still both are victims of discrim­ process. The result has been that over one inat.ory patterns. Neither groups have fourth of all working women have been HON. WILLIAM R. COTTER equal access t.o educational and employ­ pushed into only five occupations; secre­ OF CONNECTICUT tary, public school teacher, bookkeeper, wait­ ment mobility, nor are they legitimate IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES forces in the area of decisionmaking ress, retail sales clerk. Although these may In be noble occupations, they do not represent Thursday, June 3, 1976 which shape our country's future. the the gamut of possible choices available to a absence of penetration in these areas by person in the so-called "land of opportu­ Mr. COTTER. Mr. Speaker, I would such groups, inequality will continue to nity." It is disgraceful that there are approxi­ like to bring to the attention of my col­ subvert our constitutional commitment mately 33 xnlllion women in the work force leagues an excellent column by Peter of freedom · and equality for all of our with only 2 percent of all managerial posi­ Drucker which appeared May 27 in the citizens. tions filled by women and even a smaller pPr­ Wall Street Journal. Our colleague, Congresswoman SHIR­ centage held by Blacks. At this point, I would like to insert the LEY CHISHOLM has reflected on this com­ It appears that when roles are "assigned" column into the RECORD: by those in power, the domestic and mental mon plight shared by women and minor­ jobs are reserved. for women and minorities AMERICAN BUSINESS' NEW OWNERS ities in a recent monthly publication pre­ while the positions of control are assigned. (By Peter F. Drucker) pared by the Congressional Black Cau­ to white males. This may be why there has Employe pension funds now own more cus. Her article merits the attention of never been a woman on the Supreme Court than one-third of the equity capital of each of us since we share part of that ( and only one Black ma.le) and why there America's publicly-owned companies-more power which causes this kind of disgrace­ has never been a woman on the ~CIO than enough to give them voting control. ful inequity. councll. The truth is that while women Within 10 years this ownership will rise to Herewith, I submit "Racism and Sex- clearly comprise more than 52 percent of the 50 % or more. And in the truly big businesses, ism: A Common Plight": nation's population and have undoubtedly the top 1,000 or so companies, employe pen­ been a major force in running polltica.1 or­ sion funds already hold majority ownership RACISM AND SEXISM; A COMMON PLIGHT ganizations, they have not been allowed to of equity capital and voting stock in most (By Representative SHIRLEY CHISHOLM) penetrate the polltlcal establishment which cases. Hearings were held during the First Ses- makes the role decisions and definitions. Since General Motors in October, 1950, sion of the 94th Congress on affirmative The media. are other professional outlets started the "pension fund explosion," Amer­ action, the process designed to create equal which deny extensive opportunities to wom­ ica. has effectively "socialized" its productive opportunities for minorities and women in en and minorities. The power and influence resources without "nationalizing" them. The agencies and organizations which receive of newspawrs and television staitlons a.re U.S. is considered everywhere the citadel of federal funds. These hearings revealed that felt not only in hiring, but also ln creating capitalism. But our system is actually a. non­ in order to assure equal opportunities in public opln,ion. The Washlng,ton Post, con­ governmental market socialism. I call it employment, stronger enforcement rules sidered among the liberal voices of the print "pension fund socialism." The employes must be legislated and stronger penalties for med.la., in 1972 had only 19 Bla.cks and 34 through their pension funds have become viola.tors must be leVied.. women on an editorial staff of 810 in a city the new owners of American business. Originally designed to eliminate the Job that was not only predominantly Black, but Managements know that "institutional discrimination based upon race and sex, af­ is also predominantly female. investors" have become the dominant source fl.rmatlve action fell short of being the boon The number of minority households and of capital and the largest shareholders. And that both women and minorities were seek­ the number of female-headed households they know that "institutional investor" ls ing because it ran head on into employment's have grown astonishingly in the pa.st decade. just another term for "employe pension · seniority system. It was eVident that the Most Black and Puerto Rican family heads fund." Most managements also know--or at "last hired, first fired" rule which was sup­ as well a.s female family heads do not simply least sense-that the pension funds of their ported by the unions would not allow for work in order to gain luxuries for their de­ own employes and those of other companies maximum opportunities by the two most pendents, but work out of neceessity. This together already receive a larger share of discriminated against groups in this country. is particularly significant when we realize corporate income than anyone else, a larger A step forward ln the fight against hir­ that 11 percent of all fammes in this nation share even than the tax collector. Typically, ing discrimination came recently when the are headed by women. 28 percent of Black the company's own pension funds get 30 Supreme Court ruled that individuals pre­ famllles are headed by women, and 40 percent cents or more of every dollar of income be­ viously refused seniority by employers are of all poor families are headed by women. fore pension fund charges and taxes. Corpo­ eligible to receive it. Nevertheless, we cannot overlook the 'fact ration income taxes--federal, state and Nevertheless, women and minorities, often tha't racism and sexism have often been local-take half of what ts left. Of the re­ thought to be two opposing groups, still thought to be mutually exclusive types of mainder, other companies' pension funds, share some important problems-not the discrimination. It is true th&t women 1n the the "institutional investors," get yet another least of which is employment. In hiring, as U.S. are not a minority and that there are 10 to 15 cents, for a total pension fund take in education and in health, these groups 3¥2 million more women than there are men of 40 to 45 cents on the dollar. And within of U.S. citizens have been illegally shut out in the country. This distinguishes them from 10 years this will rise to 60 cents or more, CXXII--1056-Part 14

• 16736 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1976 crowding out other beneficiaries of corporate trolling ownership of American business and H.R.10210 income. soon will have majority ownership. Yet they Yet almost no management ha.s asked it­ a.re trustees rather than real owners. The real self what the new ownership structure owner ls a contingent claimant to a future HON. PIERRE S. (PETE) du PONT means for the governance of the corporation; penison. However, if the pension funds do OF DELAWARE for the structure, composition and function not exercise the control this ls legally vested of its boa.rd of directors; for the accounta­ in them, there ls no control at all. But are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bility of management, a.nd indeed for the pension funds, as trustees, entitled to Thursday, June 3, 1976 legitimacy of management altogether. exercise voting power? Is it even compatible Mr. nu PONT. Mr. Speaker, last De­ "NEW LOOK" BOARDS with their responslblllty? Their job is to Many American businesses, especially the invest in the best financial interest of their ce!W)er; I introduced a bill that would large ones, have tried to give their boards, clients-the participant.a in a company pen­ crelte an independent, national commis­ during the la.st five or eight yea.rs, a "new sion plan. This means that it ls their job to sion-appointed by the President-to look," by bringing in representatives of a.ll sell the stock of a company in the manage­ improve the Bureau of Labor Statis­ kinds of "minorities"-bla.cks, for instance, ment of which they have lost fa.1th. tics'-BLS-measurements of employ­ or women or consumers. But I know of no To keep the stock in order to exercise con­ ment and unemployment. Because the business that has yet thought through what trol a.nd thereby to reform the company ls BLS's monthly jobless reports are cur­ the shift in ownership means for the tradi­ clearly not a proper exercise of the trustee­ rently inadequate for helping our Na­ tional membership of the boa.rd-that is for ship function. And for a pension fund man­ membership that represents the owner&-­ ager to sit on a company board is probably tion formulate policies, administer so­ a.nd for the traditional function of the boa.rd. incompatible both with his responslb111ty as cial programs, and make plans for the Yet unless managements establish a. a trustee for the pension fund's beneficiaries future, you may wish to cosponsor this working relationship with the new owners and with his responsibility as a. company legislation. of their companies-the nation's employes­ direct.or. When H.R. 10210 comes to the floor I they will have no constituency a.t all within PENSION FUNI> PROBLEMS am going to off er an amendment which a short period of time. "Ownership" and Even more important and more difficult are would expand the purposes of the com­ "control" will then be totally divorced. And the problems of pension fund structure and mission created by title IV to provide predictably "control" ls not going to survive pension fund governance. The pension funds that it would also consider the ways in long without accountability to anyone whom for the employees of the country's largest society accepts a.s legitimate, and without businesses-the top 1,000 companies or so­ which unemployment statistics are gath­ a constituency to support the all(tonomy of effectively own the American non-farm econ­ ered and used. business a.nd management against political, omy. To whom are they accountable? And Here is why. On the basis of the social and governmental pressures. how do they establish a relationship with monthly jobless report released by the For the first time perhaps since the 1920s, their constituency, the country's employes? BLS on a reform basis, our Nation will when ownership a.nd control first began to Above a.ll, how can they be structured so as formulate policies, administer social move a.pa.rt, there is again a clear, a defined, to have an adequate defense against the ever­ programs and make plans for the future. a powerful and a highly concentrated owner­ present danger of raids against pension fund Yet there is strong evidence indicating ship interest. For the first time altogether assets by irresponsible, greedy or hard­ that the Bureau's monthly reports are the "owners" of big business a.re a clear pressed governments trying to "solve" a majority of the population. For the first political problem, or at lea.st to postpone not adequate for these tasks. time, also, business performance and busi­ tackling it "until after the election"? Nowhere has this been more convinc­ ness profit.a a.re directly tied in with a major That ls by no means a hypothetical prob­ ingly stated than in the study put to­ economic interest of the majority, the inter­ lem. In the last year the pension funds of gether recently by Willard Wirtz, our est of every employe in his own support in New York City and New York State employes Secretary of Labor under Presidents his own old age. were "persuaded" to buy ever-increasing Kennedy and Johnson, and Harold Gold­ Yet management so fa.r seems to see neither amounts of New York City IOUs of rather stein, a respected manpower statistician the need to reach the new owners nor the dubious credit-worthiness. And it is scant comfort that trustees of the pension funds with many years service in the BLS. opportunity to mobilize this new constit­ Their report, "A Critical Look at the uency and to gain its understanfilng and of private employers under present laws are support, even though every company presi­ forbidden from doing what the totally un­ Measuring of Work," shows that we dent every time he makes a. speech deplores regulated pension funds of public employes must reconsider how we define, gather, the la.ck of such a constituency and of it.s can apparently be forced to do. The same and use jobless statistics, something that support. Congress that in the Pension Reform Act of has not been done in a thorough, reflec­ 1974 has enjoined strict rules of responsi­ tive manner since the Gordon Commis­ The emergence of the employe pension b111ty and accountability on private pension fund as the new owner of American business fund trustees, can easily change the laws sion appraised the measuring of employ­ also confronts the labor union with a nevr a.gain. And already there is great pressure on ment and unemployment almost a dec­ problem for which it ls unprepared. The it to doso. ade and a half ago. "exploited worker" whom the union defends The only defense against the pension funds Three illustrations explain in a gen­ against the "wicked bosses" is now himself becoming political prey ls the support of eral way what is wrong: the "owner" and the "fat cat capita.list." their beneficiaries, the country's employes. A teenager drops by the neighborhood Indeed, this "exploited worker" ls now the But so far the employes do not realize the grocery store one afternoon next Janu­ real "boss." The same "exorbitant profit" stake they have in the integrity of pension tha.t the "bosses" steal out of the workers' ary trying to get a weekend job so he can fund assets. Nor is there any legal or institu­ buy gas for his motorcycle and is told pay envelopes is, a.las, also "pitifully inade­ tional mechanism which relates integrity of quate" to support a decent pension for the the pension fund and its governance to the that no help is needed. Because he did same workers. interests of the pension fund's constituents. this during the measurement week, he In fact, as the number of people surviv­ The shift of contromng ownership of the will be counted as "unemployed" in the ing into retirement age increases--and. it is country's productive resources to the "new February BLS report. To put it another going up sharply-higher profits w1ll be­ owners," the employes or beneficiaries of way, of those reported as "unemployed," come the first interest of a majority or near­ their pension funds, was accomplished at a. a significant number-about one-four th majority of employes, those who have reached speed that ls practically without parallel in in 1973; one-fifth in 1974-of both adults retirement age a.nd those who have passed social history. It was accomplished without and young people are available for and age 45 or 50. If the American labor union dis­ conflict, and indeed practically without regards the new ownership interest of the friction. It was accomplished without clear are seeking only part-time work. American worker and continues, as most plan, without deliberate intention and with­ Likewise, a parent of three children, labor leaders would clearly like to do, to out any ideology. But the shift is nonethe­ constantly looking for work but manag­ represent "labor" against "capital,'' it rtsks less a massive transformation of economic ing to find only 1 day of it during the the emergence of a parallel, rival organiza­ structure a.nd a true "revolution." entire month, will-if that day falls in tion that represents the worker in his It is an "unseen revolution," however, to the measurement week-be included in capacity as the "new owner." But it wowd which no one so far has paid much atten­ be equally dangerous for the American labor the count of the "employed." tion. But the basic problems of structure, of As a result, we cannot be sure what is union to accept the reality of the "new policy and of government which this shift meant when the BLS reports, as it did ownership" on the part of employes, that is has created may be the central structural to defend the need for profit against union and policy problems of the American econ­ in October, that more than 8 million demands. And it would surely be totally in­ omy and society for years to come. They people are unemployed. Nor do these compatible with traditional union rhetoric surely represent both a major challenge and statistics tell us much about the eco­ and traditional union commitment. a major opportunity for management-and nomic welfare of our citizens-the dura­ The most difficult and perhaps most im­ a. challenge a.nd an opportunity to which tion and severity of their unemploy­ portant problems, however, concern the pen­ practically no management has yet addressed ment--a crucial point when we try to sion funds themselves. They now have con- itself. determine what social programs may be June 4, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16737 needed or even how healthy our economy prove its statistics this would be advisa­ The old adage that "The consumer is al­ is. ble-but it would permit a fresh look ways right", is just as valid today as it was when man first began to sell his wares in the Or, take this example: The population from the outside. marketplaces of the world. census in 1970 showed that BLS methods It is clearly important to reexamine, If, in fact, "The consumer is always right", for estimating State unemployment rates from time to time, the assumptions why the need for today's so called consumer had resulted in errors of 20 percent or underlying how we compute the statistics movement? more in 13 States, and worse in some that determine what we do. The Gordon Commerce Secretary Elliot Richardson ad­ counties and cities. Since then, the BLS Commission established by President dressed this question in a recent talk before has tried to make some improvements, Kennedy in 1961 recognized that it could the Drug, Chemical a.nd Allied Trade As­ sociation. He noted that since the days of recently including the use of direct look only a few years ahead. In its final face-to-face bargaining with merchants in measurements in every State. Even so, report in 1962, it stated: the marketplace, mass production and dis­ indirect measurements, such as esti­ In formula.ting recommendations, the tribution ha.s become increasingly more mating unemployment by figuring back­ Committee has endeavored to assess, and widespread, changing the fundamental tone ward from, among other incomplete even to anticipate, the mounting require­ and tenor of the vendor/customer relation­ lists, the count of those receiving unem­ ment for labor-force information which wlll ship. ployment insurance benefits, are still develop in the next five to ten years. The consumer society, as we know it today, had its beginning at a time when the people used widely. Now, in 1975, after 13 years of "mount­ of this country started entering a. phase of Consider what this means for agricul­ ing" reliance on jobless data for forming affluence. tural areas like those in my State. An policies and administering government This, according to Secretary Richardson, unemployed head of a household in a programs, it is time to take another hard precipitated a shift from production solely rural community where unemployment is look. This can be done without creating for people's needs to increasing production high may get no Government job assist­ a perpetual commission-the Gordon to satisfy people's wants and fancies. And ance simply because the area's jobless Commission lasted less than 1 year. And this led to the intentional cultivation of rate is miscalculated by a fraction of a consumer appetites and demands, principal­ it can be done inexpensively. ly through advertising. percentage point. Were it accurate, the Indeed, the Nation cannot afford to do Thus, the Commerce Secretary noted, what locale would be eligible for Federal loans otherwise. had begun as a face-to-face interplay grew to create private jobs in agricultural The text of my proposed amendment into a.Ii impersonal network of tra.nsa.ctions areas. to H.R. 10210 is as follows: conducted at a distance. Business became And that is not all. These same rates Page 40, line 6, strike out "and". . more remote, less accessible a.nd increasingly determine whether businesses in a par­ Page 40, strike out line 12, and insert the powerful. The natural corollary was the con­ ticular locale are eligible for preferential following: ing employers, employees, and sumers' perception of having lost whatever the genera.I public; power they might once have commanded in treatment on Government contracts, or the marketplace. They saw themselves as whether a city is given Federal moneys to (8) review of the present method of col­ helpless victims, without a.ny genuine bar­ build new access roads or sewers--all of lecting and analyzing present and prospec­ gaining power and without any effective which create jobs and bring more money tive national a.nd local employment and un­ form of redress. into the community. Moreover, the initi­ employment information and statistics; I believe a similar thing bas happened in (9) identification of any weaknesses in consumers' relation with their government. ation of public employment and training such method and any problem which results programs is based on local unemploy­ As Government became larger and more com­ from the operation of such method; and plicated and more centralized, it, too, tended ment rates. (10) formulation of any necessary or ap­ to be more impersonal and distant from the Here's a third problem: In 1973, our propriate new techniques for the collection people. schools had trained 140,000 more teach­ and analysis of such information and As a result, consumers feel frustrated in ers than there were teaching positions. statistics. their efforts to once again become a viable This regrettable allocation of resources pa.rt of the marketing system. might have been avoided if in addition to Over the past few years, there bas been measuring the work force we had also THE CONSUMER CHALLENGE growing concern among consumers that they, in fact, a.re not participating as they should measured the training force-those 20 in the decision-making processes of both million Americans undergoing some kind HON. CHARLES THONE Government and industry. of schooling-and developed occupa­ And they have started raising their voices, tional employment data on an industry­ OF NEBRASKA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES demanding their rightful role. This bas led by-industry basis. This data could, in to the development of organizations that tum, have been used to give our young­ Thursday, June 3, 1976 have become more active on behalf of con­ sters better career guidance. Or, to put Mr. THONE.Mr.Speaker,underleave sumers. it another way, BLS employment data At the request of President Ford, the Fed­ to e:.mend my remarks in the RECORD, I eral Departments and Agencies have prepared should do more than tell what has been include the following: Consumer Representation Plans which will wrong, they should also help us solve or make the government more effective and prevent future problems in the work­ THE CONS'tJMER CHALLENGE 1 responsive to the public. place. (By Nancy Harvey Steorts ) The Department of Agriculture's plan is After almost 2 months of investigat­ Today we are faced with a new breed of designed to insure that each agency within ing into the problems illustrated in those consumers. Consumers who are more en­ the Department proceeds in an organized and three examples, it is clear to me that lightened and more demanding. No longer systematic manner to meet the consumers' are they satisfied to sit back and allow the desire to be better informed about and more there are no easy solutions. The inade­ government and industry to formulate the involved in the agencies' decision-making quacies in incomplete and, therefore, policies a.nd programs which affect their processes. misleading jobless rates cannot be cor- safety and pocketbooks. They are demanding We believe the steps outlined in the plan . rected with a single piece of legislation. a voice in the decision-making process. assure consumers a. background of informa­ Because the discrepancies are so com­ Rather than ignore or oppose this chang­ tion relative to potential decisions in agency plex, not to mention critical, it is difficult ing attitude, both government and industry planning and program formulation; and pro­ and unwise to suggest solutions or even should welcome it as an additional tool in vide full and visible opportunity for consum­ the difficult process of decision-ma.king. er involvement in the decision-making proc­ think we have defined the problem with­ The most logical approach is one of co­ ess. out first conducting thorough, careful re­ opera.tion, where all parties listen to one an­ Basically, the plan assures that American search. And then, there will still be the other and come to some sort of mutual un­ consumers will be well informed a.bout De­ need for a variety of solutions, some that derstanding. partment actions affecting their interests may need to be legislated and others that Consumers have always been an important and that relevant Department decision-mak­ can be instituted by the BLS itself. influence in society. The only thing that has ing processes are open to the effective ex­ The best way to define and formulate changed over the years is the form that in­ pression of informed consumer viewpoints. fluence takes. But it Is not enough to provide consUJners these solutions, it seems to me, is to form an independent commission made up of with the information they need to make the 1 Nancy Harvey Steorts, Special Assistant to right choices in today's complex marketplace. experts from universities, industry, and the Secretary of Agriculture for Consumer The President also feels there ls a need to labor. This arrangement would in no way Affairs, remarks given at the "Nebraska. educate consumers so that they will better rule out BLS input--in fact, given the Cha.utaqua. "76", University of Nebraska, Bel­ understand the information being supplied Bureau's demonstrated willingness t.o im- levue, Nebraska, May 27, 1976. to them. In a message to a. consumer educa- 1·6738 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1976 tion conference in Washington, D.C. la.st PERCENTAGE LABELING quality meats, eggs, and dairy products, November, the President said: The report calls for labels to show the and fresh fruits and vegetables all they "In the last decade, the Buyer's Bill of a.mounts of various ingredients which make would have to look for is the designation C".S. Rights has become a way of llfe in our up the product. Manufacturers vary their Fancy. If they wanted quality products but country. These rights include information, formulas for the same product. For example, spend less, they would look for U.S. No. 1 choice, safety, and the right to have com­ in reviewing the recipes for the various beef or U.S. No. 2. plaints satisfactorily resolved. stews on the market, the General Accounting As I mentioned earlier, although the grade "The time has now come to recognize a. Office found that the amount of beef varied standards originally were developed for use fifth right--one without which consumers as much as 22 percent. by the wholesale trade, the standards also cannot gain the full benefit of the other Under USDA regulations, ingredients are provide consumers with a knowledge of four. This is the right to consumer education. listed in order of prominence. However, quality and the a.bllity to compare quality "It is my earnest hope that consumer edu­ APHIS has in the works a proposal which when purchasing. Since the introduction of cation will become an integral pa.rt of regu­ would require percentage listing of the in­ U.S. standards in 1917, the Department of lar school instruction, community services gredients. This would be an exploratory pro­ Agriculture continuously has tried to update and educational programs for people out of posal, affecting only a limited number of its services and procedures to coincide with school. Only in this way can we insure that products-turkey and gravy, beef and gravy, marketing practices and consumer needs. consumers have the assistance necessary to and poultry rolls. However, in the past, it was usually the plan and use their resources to their maxi­ NUTRITIONAL LABELING members of the particular industry involved mum potential and greater personal satisfac­ who had the most influence in the termin­ The General Accounting Office report ology used. tion." points out the need for nutritional label­ I think you can clearly see that there is a ing, noting that many Americans sufl'er diet­ Today, all sectors must be involved-pro­ commitment from the Federal Government to ary and health problems due, in part, to the ducer, processor, retailer, and consumer. be responsive to the consumer. lack of good nutrition. Deficient diets, the As part of the Department's efforts to ex­ Industry, too, must recognize the emer­ report says, are caused frequently by poor pand and improve the channels for consumer gence of this new breed of consumers. A food choices resulting, to some extent, from involvement, we have held briefings with recent article in U.S. News and World Report lack of nutritional information on food consumers and members of the media. to ex­ notes that to meet this challenge business­ labels and lack of education in nutrition. plain proposals of significance to consumers men are going to have to rely on fair prices. The Department of Agriculture has a vol­ and encourage their comments. Most re­ good durab111ty and no-nonsense quality as untary program which provides for the nu­ cently, we held such a briefing on the pro­ never before. It goes on to say that analysts tritional labeling of meat and poultry prod­ posal to establish uniform grade nomencla­ predict that consumers will no longer be ucts. Presently, some 60 companies are in­ ture for fresh fruits and vegetables. It is our fooled by planned obsolescence, unnecessary volved in the nutritional labeling of such belief that consumers do care and will com­ frills and inefficient designs in the products items as frankfurters, pizzas, ha.ms, luncheon ment if only we can provide them with the and services they buy. meats, sausages, frozen dinners, and numer­ information they need. I think we've all noticed there ls a. trend ous other .I>ackaged products. Also, we have begun to institute programs to return to the basics. We see an increase whereby consumers and industry and govern­ in home gardens, a. massive return to home It is anticipated that more companies and ment representatives are brought together to will canning, and a.n upsurge in the number of more products become involved in the discuss mutual concerns. Recently, such a people preparing meals from scratch rather program after the regulations spelling out gathering was held to discuss labeling pro­ than depending on convenience foods. Also, the requirements, are published. At last word, cedures and requirements. Such sessions are we are finding consumers switching to the the regulations were in the hands of the beneficial, not only for the Department, but less expensive cuts of meat and turning more General Counsel and expectations are that also to consumers and industry. It gives con­ and more to the usually lower priced store they wlll be published shortly. sumers an opportunity to explain their de­ brand products rather than the name brands. As far as nutritional education ls con­ sires and needs, and it give industry a chance We must recognize the fa.ct that today's cerned, USDA has prepared and distributed to explain to consumers the problems indus­ consumers realize they have rights in the numerous publlcations on the value of nu­ try faces in meeting specific regulatory re­ marketplace and are using them. They have trition and has prepared student and teacher quirements. Most importantly, industry and a right to know what's in a product--a right guides for using this material. consumers usually find that mutually ac­ to feel secure that a product ls safe--and QUALITY GRADING ceptable solutions can be found. a. right to buy a product at a fair price. The General Accounting Office report also Agricultural research is not immune to Consumers are concerned about all aspect s notes that many consumers cannot compare this new breed of consumer. Agriculture sci­ of the marketing chain-from the fa.rm to the value of competing products without ence is facing a. critical test of its ab111ty to the grocer's shelves, and, rightfully so. They opening the container, because labels gen­ serve not only our needs, but that of the are seeking better information to help them erally do not bear information concerntng world. make the right choices for their needs and quallty-such things as color, size, texture, The importance of research on all aspects desires. flavor, blemishes or defects, and consistency. of food supply and consumption is quite evi­ At the point of purchase, one of the best As you probably know, the Department of dent when hunger and starvation are threat­ information tools ls the label on the product. Agriculture does have a quallty grading sys­ ening literally millions of people throughout Although most food products comply with tem to compare competing products. How­ the world. If there was any single dominant current Federal packaging and labeling laws ever, the GAO report points out that the theme coinlng out of last year's World Food and regulations, improvements a.re needed USDA grading system, which ls voluntary, Conference in Rome, it dealt with the need so that labels tell consumers what they need was intended for use at the wholesale and for increased production all over the world, to know to compare and select those prod­ processing levels, and it can present problems especially in the developing countries. The ucts best suited for them. to consumers trying to use it. A recent USDA need in these developing areas is for massive The need for better labeling information survey found that consumers were confused inputs of technical assistance, of research, was pointed out recently in a study con­ by the different grade names and designations and of capital. ducted by the General Accounting Office. used for various products. Agricultural research has proven its ab11ity Briefly, let me list some of the recommenda­ The Department is now taking steps to to generate increased production. Farm out­ tions that came out of that study and what bring some semblance of uniformity to the put in this country increased by 50 percent progress, lf any, ls being made to meet them. grading system. Effective July 1, 1976, the between 1950 and 1971, and without a doubt, INGREDIENT DISCLOSURE terms U.S. Fancy, U.S. No. 1, U.S. No. 2, and the research gains of our scientific centers Currently, some products are exempted or t:".S. No. 3 will be the grade names used in led to much of that increase. There is no • a general ingredient listing is permitted. This, establishing or revising grade standards for question that research can increase produc­ the report says, Inay not provide oonsumers­ fresh fruits and vegetables and nuts. Cur­ tivity. There ls a question about the direc­ especially those on special diets-the in­ rently, different designations a.re used. For tion this research takes. formation needed to choose those products example, the top quality grade designation Consumers want a voice in determining the best suited for their specific needs. Consum­ used for apples ls U.S. Extra Fancy ... for direction that research takes. ers who need this information include ap­ carrots, U.S. Grade A ... and for celery, U.S. A generation ago, consumers were prob­ proximately 23 Inlllion people with heart Extra No. 1. ably most preoccupied with taste and ap­ conditions, 4 million diabeti-cs and kidney You can see what confusion this creates. pearance, but now they are most conscious of patients, and over 7 million people suffering About one third of all the fruits and food quality, particularly as measured by its from allergy reactions. vegetables woUld come under th1s proposal nutritional value. Under USDA regulations, spices and flavor­ immediately since they already use these Agricultural science 1s already working ings are not required to be listed on the la,bel designations. The remaining fruits and vege­ on ways to upgrade the nutritional value of and only the generic term of oils and fats are tables would be brought under the new pro­ foods and to establish "good nutrition" necessary. However, the Department's Animal posal gradually over a period of years. standards and guidelines for food processors. and Plant Health Inspection Service, called I strongly hope that this small, but posi­ At the same time, research is producing more APHIS, ls working with the Food and Drug tive step, wm eventually lead to all com­ nutritious lines of food products. Administration on a regulation which would modities being covered by this same nomen­ While some of these developments are cer­ require the listing of the specific fat or oil clature. How easy it would be for consumers tainly beneficial to consumers, others might being used in a product. to make choices. If they wanted the top be questionable. June 4, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16739 The development of a. peanut flour with a regard to tobacco production in our Na­ hazard from the market. It was good to read high concentration of protein ls certainly tion. This legislation, S. 2902, would very what our own Congressman had to say a.t laudable. But research money expended on likely mean the end of the tobacco indus­ Raleigh. the development of an easy-to-open pistachio nut might be questioned by consumers. try in the United States. There ls a need to include consumers in An editorial in the May 31 issue of TilJ! LEE CARTER determining how research monies should be the Register, in Danville, Va., brings this spent. A beginning step was ta.ken recently matter into clear perspective. I insert it when a national working conference to in the RECORD at this point, and I com­ HON. JOHN J. DUNCAN identify research priorities was held in Kan­ mend it to the attention of my col­ OF TENNESSEE sas City la.st July. Consumers were invited leagues: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to help determine the direction research E?i4BATTLED TOBACCO Thursday, June 3, 1976 should take in the next 10 to 15 years. Some 1,500 members of the Flue-Cured There a.re so many forces affecting our lives Tobacco Stabilization Corporation, in Mr. DUNCAN of Tennessee. Mr. Speak­ today that it ls essential we all have a voice Raleigh on Friday to attend the 30th annual er, I am today including for the RECORD in our destiny. meeting of that organization, heard Rep. It ls interesting t;o note that at t he Kansas a New York Times article about our W. C. "Dan" Daniel warn that the tobacco friend and colleague, TIM LEE CARTER. City conference, the area which rated highest, industry "now faces its greatest challenges." a.s far as research needs are concerned, was It does, indeed. The story by Richard Lyons depicts Dr. energy. Just recently, a task force of the Fed­ While governments, in other tobacco-ex­ CARTER'S untiring efforts on behalf of his eral Energy Administration's Food Industry porting countries work with their industry to district as well as his unique political Advisory Committee presented a. plan which promote its welfare, the Senate of the United style: would curtail production of snack foods and States, or •rather some highly publicized TIM LEE CARTER other so-called empty calorie foods. As re­ members, thereof, for example Senators Ed­ ported in the publication, Of Consumer In­ (By Richard D. Lyons) ward Kennedy of Massachusetts and Gary BOONE, KY., May 26-To hear Ronald Rea­ terest, the task force identified some long­ Hart of Colorado, are working overtime to range energy-saving objectives to be given gan, Jimmy Carter and Gov. Edmund G. kill the industry at home and dry up its ex­ Brown Jr. tell it, the American people are research priorities. ports. Among other things it calls for standard­ sick of big government, the Federal bureauc­ ized packing-mcx:l.ula.riza.tion of wholesale The Kennedy-Hart blll would impose racy and Washington's give-away programs. packages as well a.s standardized retail pack­ higher federal taxes upon cigarettes in an But here in Kentucky's Fifth Congressional ages. The task force also suggested putting endeavor to discourage smoking and, where District, the poorest in the nation and one foods into four categories in order of produc­ individuals will not be discouraged, to im­ of the most conservative, the message of the tion priorit y in a severe energy emergency. pose a penalty upon them proportionate t-0 electorate is the same as in New York: Keep The first group would consist of fresh the tar and nicotine content of the brand of the Federal programs and money coming. foods, and foods processed and preserved in cigarettes they would smoke. The descendants of the fiercely independ­ their natural state. The second group would Fortunately, it isn't likely the Kennedy­ ent men who crossed the mountains 200 include basic foods which require moderate Hart bill ( S 2902) wm ever reach the House years ago to get away from government inter­ levels of processing as a. health measure. The of Representatives for concurrence. Even so, ference and authority have come to accept third group include foods which a.re not it may unless the people in tobacco-growing Federal largess as welcome and even neces­ looked to for basic nutritive properties, in­ states get their backs up and see that the sary although the programs are largely Demo­ cluding snack foods, and those products discriminatory measure is killed. cratic in origin and the district has been fortified beyond the levels expected in basic In line with the warning of Rep. Daniel, overwhelmingly Republican since before the foods and the fourth group would include his colleague, Rep. Dawson Ma.this (D-Ga.) Civil War. the so-called empty calorie foods. Under con­ earlier had said of the Kennedy-Hart meas­ The shift in attitude is relatively recent ditions of severe energy curtailment, the task ure: "This bill is an attempt to tax tobacco but very real, even extending to the political force suggests that perhaps production within products out of existence ... The economic effect will make the stock market crash of outlook of the candidates the voters of the only the first two categories could be justi­ 1929 look like a :financial bonanza.." Congressional district elect. fied. Kennedy and Ha.rt insist they do not want Representative Tim Lee Carter, who was Another important area. of concern to con­ to hurt the tobacco farmer. Kennedy said deeply conservative when first elected to sumers ls the use of food additives. An inten­ Congress a dozen years ago, has moderated sive research effort is needed to determine, "We are not interested in putting those farm~ his attitude toward Federal social programs, without a shadow of a doubt, which addi­ ers out of business. What we are interested and as he has moved from the far right his in ls having them grow safer tobacco." tives are completely safe. support has increased. If Sena.tor Kennedy wanted to apply such Also, of great concern, a.re the chemical ANOTHER BIG VICTORY residues found in some of our food products. a. plan as a. means to protect the health of Here, again, intensive research is needed to consumers, he and Hart might also write "Congressman Carter has done a whole a. provision in their bill to raise the import lot for the district," was the punch line of determine as well as can be done, the extent duty on brands of Scotch whisky on a sea.le his radio commercials that were broadcast to which various chemicals are harmful to based on its proof, so that the lower the proof before this week's primary election here, our health. the lower the import duty or excise tax. Cer­ in which he a.gain won by a landslide. I realize, this ls no easy task, but it is a tainly the arguments about tobacco endan­ Mr. Carter has a solidly conservative vot­ task which must be undertaken and given gering health apply to excessive consumption ing record on foreign affairs, defense spend­ the highest priority by both government and of alcohol. ing and environmental issues, but in recent industry. Since importing Scotch whisky was the yea.rs he has cosponsored and even initiated You can see that both industry and gov­ health education and other social legislation. ernment face the very important challenge foundation of the great wealth of the Ken­ nedy family, Senator Kennedy should have His cllstrict is dotted with dams, schpols, li­ of meeting the demands and desires of con­ braries, hospitals, water supply systems, sew­ sumers ... the challenge of providing con­ some comprehension of how impractical it would be to tax each brand of imported age disposal plants and housing projects paid sumers with wholesome and reasonably for in whole or in part by Federal funds. priced food products that a.re more versatile, Scotch whisky by its proof. And he would realize it ls equally a.s impracticable to tax "The people need it and want it and I vote easier to prepare, and higher in nutritional for it," he said. value. tobacco and tobacco products by brands pro­ portionate to the tar and nicotine content. The candidates who oppose Federal spend­ I am convinced that these goals can be met ing have become politically unpopular here. with the complete cooperation of all those Farmers can and do grow a great variety of leaf with no tar or nicotine content, but As an example, Mr. Reagan's remarks that he involved-a cooperative effort which must might consider selllng the Tennessee Valley include consumer input. they do not try to pawn it ot! as tobacco. They call such leafy produce cabbage, col­ Authority sent shock waves through the lards, kale, spinach and other names. Fifth District. Most of the T .V .A. power Experiments in non-tobacco growing coun­ brought to Kentucky goes through this dis­ EMBATTLED TOBACCO tries to produce a cellulose product that can trict, whose voters gave President Ford an be miXed with tobacco to lower the tar and 8,000-vote margin on Tuesday. Mr. Reagan nicotine content by volume has been pro­ lost statewide by 5,000 votes. HON. BO GINN gressing. It is an ersatz cigarette or bowl-full The reaction to the Federal presence was and never satisfies as does the flue-cured or personalized the other day by Glenn Goad, a OF GEORGIA burley leaf. 56-year-old farmer and part-time tombstone IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES If the tobacco industry is to remain a salesman living in the hamlet of Gamaliel. Thursday, June 3, 1976 major economic asset 1n the South, and a Talking to a visitor, Mr. Goad pointed out substantial economic force in several other a new water supply system pa.Id for by Fed­ Mr. GINN. Mr. Speaker, legislation has states, then their members of the Congress eral funds. been introduced in the Senate which must battle the good intentions of those who "We couldn't afford to build the system presents a very personal problem with want to remove what they regard as a health ourselves, but now we have clean drinking 16740 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1976 water for the first time," he said. "We really such as favoring what he calls "socialized as the years pass. Moreover, unit train needed Federal help." medicine." technology continues to advance. MAYOR HAPPY OVER AID Dr. Cullum was so unhappy that he ran I am told that it is entirely reason­ as an independent against Dr. Carter in the Larry Ross, the 29-yea.r-old Mayor of last general election. Dr. Carter received 30 able to expect substantial future im­ Tompklnsvllle, noted that tSocial Security times as many votes as Dr. Cullum. provements in productivity. payments and the food stamp program had By way of definition, "unit train" is helped bring money into his town of 3,000 a term applied to a set of equipment ded­ persons, and he ls a.s happy to receive Fed­ icated to a particular service. It may con­ eral aid a.s New York's Mayor Beame. Mr. Ross said that because of this and "COAL SLURRY PIPELINE-5" INNO­ sist of three to seven locomotives and other forms of Federal a.id, such as an urban VATIVE RAIL HAULING OF COAL 100 or more cars. It is, however, its mode renewal project that ha.s provided new homes of operation which distinguishes the unit to 39 poor families, "Government spending train from conventional rail service. Mr. isn't much of an issue here." HON. JOE SKUBITZ John Morgan, Associate Director of the At Berea College, Loyal Jones, the director Bureau of Mines, on page 350 of the of Appalachian programs, said that while the OF KANSAS hearings record had inserted a Bureau of mountain people had long been skeptical of IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES Mines study "Comparison of Several authority their attitude now was "Why shouldn't we have Federal aid as long as Thursday, June 3, 1976 Systems for Providing Coal Based En­ everyone else does?" Mr. SKUBITZ. Mr. Speaker, begin­ ergy to Users 1,000 Miles Southeasterly "But this doesn't mean that they love and ning with May 26, 1976, I have called at­ From Eastern Wyoming Coal Fields-­ trust the Federal Government," he added. tention to the House of a bill,. H.R. 1863, Four Modes of Energy Transportation The Fifth District is an expanse of moun­ and Electricity Versus Gas as the End tains and foothllls that ls larger than either the Coal Slurry Pipeline bill, which is now pending before the House Interior Use Energy Form," and I quote: Connecticut or New Jersey, and rural, with The unit train is a management technique no town larger than 20,000 persons. Committee. This bill would grant Fed­ that permits efficient planning through long­ From the interstate highways that lace the eral powers of eminent domain to the range contractual commitment of producer district, the scenery appears verdant and slurry pipelines. and consumer and dedication of equipment. rich. But oif the main road, back in the On May 26, I discussed the question of Specifically, a unit train consists of a dedi­ eroded hollows and rocky hills the counte­ eminent domain, which can be found on cated set of haulage equipment loaded at nance of poverty ls overwhelming. Many page 15521 of the RECORD. On May 27, I one origin, unloaded at one destination each families live in little more than shacks. Out­ trip, and moving in both directions on a pre­ houses are common, as are abandoned. cars discussed the fact that this is trans­ portation legislation not energy legisla­ determined schedule. and burned-out cabins. The unit train combines three principal FAMU..Y INCOME $4660 tion, this can be found on page 15878. factors: design efficiency, equipment balance, The Fifth District is easily the poorest of June 1, I spoke on the railroad's capa­ and intensive use. To achieve the lowest the 435 Congressional districts in the coun­ bility of handling the increased coal possible transportation cost, all elements of try, according to the Census Bureau, with production, this is on page 16078. Yes­ the operation must be in balance; the load­ a median family income of $4,660 a year. terday I spoke of the threat that slurry ing, haulage, and unloading facilities must Th1s a.mount ls substantially lower than the pipelines offer to the survival of this be designed and scheduled for intensive use median income of even the next poorest dis­ country's railroad industry, this can be but not to a degree that would bring intol­ tricts, the 15th of Texas, which is $5,035 a found on page 16246. erable maintenance costs; and the haulage year. This is another in my series of pre­ capacity must be in balance with supply, One index of poverty here is the fact that sentations concerning the grant of emi­ with consumer's needs, and with amortiza­ three of the eight men who are candidates tion requirements. for Mr. Carter's seat do not even have tele­ nent domain to coal slurry pipelines as In terms of freight rates in effect, the unit phones in their homes. proposed by H.R. 1863. train is not a unit train until so designated Mr. Carter's political opposition has been Today, I would like to discuss the rail­ by the carrier and negotiations for the rate a traditional courthouse joke. In the last road's innovative hauling of coal. completed. Cooperation between the shippers, few general elections, he has received from The bankruptcy of Penn Central and the carrier, and the consumer is essential two-thirds to three-quarters of the total other eastern carriers has led some to to planning for successful operation which vote. will justify the lower rates. believe that rail technology is outdated Lowest transportation costs can be realized Itj Tuesday's primary, Mr. Carter received and that therefore we need a new trans­ 89 percent of the Republican vote and more when a unit train movement is accomplished than 60 percent of the vote cast for all Demo­ port mode to meet the massive job of on a single line haul. When more than one cratic and Republican candidates. The lead­ hauling the Nation's goal. These people carrier is involved, the additional capital ing Democrat, Charles C. Smith, received are susceptible to contentions that cost for motive power and additional oper­ only 15 percent of the total vote. slurry lines are a "magic bullet" which ating costs wm be reflected in higher ta.riff Mr. Carter's political attraction ls based would solve the Nation's energy crisis. rates. not only on his voting record and the benefits They labor under a misapprehension Generally, unit train rates have no fixed he has helped bring the district but also relationships to rates for other origins and which I hope I can dispel by today's dis­ destinations, or to single car shipments. In on his courtly personality and profession. cussion of unit train transportation. Mr. Carter actually is Dr. Carter, or "Doc fact, unit train rates are now in effect for Carter" as he is known locally. He has pre­ The unit train concept is a relatively coal moving from Western mines to markets sided at the birth of several thousand con­ new one which represents a major step in the Midwest over routes where no single stituents who now in turn deliver their votes forward in terms of man's ability to car rates had formerly existed. As previously to him. move huge volumes of bulk commodities indicated, rates for unit train movement of The Congressman has a remarkable mem­ over long distances at low cost levels. coal a.re individually negotiated, subject to a ory for names, faces, problems and ancedotes This service is very inexpensive by any ICC limitation that the rates not require a in the lives of the people in his district. designated portion of a shipper's freight to standard, notwithstanding the effects be a part of the negotiated agreement. How­ While campaigning before the primary he of inflation. As a result, remote coal sup­ was observed reeling oif the names, medical ever, it has been accepted, by the ICC, that histories and offspring of several dozen voters plies not heretofore economically useful minimum loads of coal a.nd minimum annual chosen at random. have become a vital energy source. It is tonnages do not restrict shipments provided When first elected to Congress, Mr. Carter, no exaggeration to say that unit train the total output from the mine is above the who ls 65 yea.rs old, voted against the Medi­ economics have revolutionized tradi­ minimums or could be increased above them. care bill, which was also opposed by many tional bulk commodity logistics; specifi­ Like any well-run industrial process, of his fellow doctors. He now says that his cally, they have mitigated the impact of the unit train operates continuously. Ac­ vote was "a mistake," and in recent years the present fuel "crunch" by allowing cording to Mr. Louis Menk, chairman he has sponsored and written a dozen bills the use of low-cost western coal by util­ that would increase the Federal Govern­ and chief executive officer, Burlington ment's involvement in national medical af­ ity companies located more than a thou­ Northern, Inc. on page 918 of the hear­ fairs, including national health insurance. sand miles from the mine. They have ings record a key element is the use of This liberal attitude has earned Mr. Carter saved the Nation immense quantities of modern high-speed loading and unload­ the opposition of another physician in the petroleum fuels and have reflected mon­ ing facilities that function without the district, Dr. Albert G. J. Cullum of Middles­ etary savings for electric consumers necessity to switch out separate cars. In boro. Dr. Cullum said he was increasingly amounting to hundreds of millions of short, the necessary operating efficiency upset with Dr. Carter's political attitudes, dollars. Thes~ savings will be multiplied for this high-cost equipment is attained June 4, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16741 by continuous movement, bypassing ter­ times the pumping power and fuel is needed. advance in the future. Utilities tied to a minals, avoiding switching or any inter­ That is why slurry lines are designed for pipeline, however, would be unable to ference from other rail operations. Ac­ an optimum throughout with a resultant benefit from any foreseeable improve­ cordingly, unit trains stop only for fuel­ lack of operating flexlb1lity. ments in pipeline operation. ing, crew changes, and inspections. Given They will have relatively little ability The evidence thus makes it clear that these conditions, a unit train can make to serve new customers and obviously railroads are not on their last legs; mod­ a 1,000-mile delivery and return to the will reach but one source area and one ern rail technology is our best hope for mine for another load in as little as 4 or a few destinations. Their ability to the efficient utilization of coal at the days. adjust to varying fuel demands is limited largest possible number of locations. When operated at high volume such a and while stockpiles can be used, it is Surely, we should not pass legislation system requires top quality track and no easy matter to store powdered coal or which would impair this basic trans­ roadbed. Heavyweight rail is needed; ties coal slurry. Moreover, a stoppage of a portation resource-as would H.R. 1863. must be closely spaced, and top-grade pipeline or of production at the time it ballast must be used. Modern signal sys­ serves obviously could cause very great tems are essential. Cars and locomotives difficulties for the coal user. I suggest, must be built to high standards. Accord­ therefore, that in making our judgment AN EFFORT TO REDUCE EARTH­ ing to Bureau of Mines statistics on page as to the public interest issues involved QUAKE HAZARDS 351 of the hearings locomotives cost in H.R. 1863, we ought to keep very much about $500,000 each and cars upward in mind the virtues of railroad flexibility HON. CHARLES A. MOSHER of $25,000, thus a single unit train can and contrast them with the rigidity of represent an investment of $5 million. pipeline operations. OF OHIO This of course, is in addition to the fixed In the future, the outlook for unit IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES facilities which are essential to its opera­ train operation may be even brighter. Thursday, June 3, 1976 tion. As I said before, there is every reason In previous discussions I pointed out Mr. MOSHER. Mr. Speaker, last month to believe that unit train technology I introduced H.R. 13845, the National that a railroad functions most efficiently will produce still further improvements and at a low cost when its physical plant in productivity. Such things as larger Earthquake Hazards Reduction Confer­ is extensively utilized. The savings thus ence Act of 1976. In recent days, I have and lighter cars, longer trains, replace­ received a number of inquiries about this realized can then be reflected in terms ment of diesel power with electric loco­ of reduced electric rates paid by individ­ motives and even revised labor agree­ bill. ual electric consumers. As a matter of ments could all have significant lever­ For the bene:fi t of our colleagues and fact, Mr. Louis Menk testifying before age in improving present unit train cost of others who may be interested in ef­ the Interior Committee pointed out that efficiency. Also, I understand there is a forts to reduce earthquake hazards, I the present boom in western coal produc­ possibility that coal beneficiation proc­ have had my staff prepare a detailed tion probably would not have come about esses can be developed and remove much summary of H.R. 13845. The text of that had it not been for the development of of the moisture from western coal. This summary will appear in the RECORD at the unit coal train concept. When utility would reduce rail shipping costs by pro­ the end of this statement. companies were searching for new fuel viding fuel users with a processed coal I would also like to mention, Mr. sources that would meet the then new containing more Btu's per ton than does Speaker, that I am told that Congress­ stack emission standards they at first mine-run coal. Therefore, less coal man GOLDWATER will be placing in the thought the extensive reserves of low­ would have to be shipped to meet the RECORD tomorrow a comparitive analysis sulfur, subbituminous coal in the West users' heat needs. of H.R. 13845 and S. 1174, the earthquake was economically beyond their reach be­ In speaking of future improvements bill that was approved recently by the cause of traditional transport cost levels. in productivity it is again important to Senate. I would urge anyone who is Fortunately, unit train technology and contrast the rail mode with the slurry interested in this legislation to review advances in loading and unloading pipeline. Believe me, the utility which is also the statement Mr. GoLDWATER has equipment were simultaneously devel­ locked into a 30-year throughput con­ prepared. oped to meet this fuel need. tract with a coal slurry pipeline cannot On June 15, 16, and 17 the Science, An additional and special virtue of rail provide electric consumers the benefit of Research, and Technology Subcommittee transportation is the flexibillty offered by any similar improvements in transport is scheduled to hold hearings on earth­ that mode even when considered in efficiency. What improvements can there quake legislation. The subcommittee has terms of large unit train operations. be in a pipeline buried in the ground drawn up an outstanding list of expert While flexibility is a relative concept, so already employing pumps which now ap­ witnesses and I hope that the public will far as low-cost bulk commodity carriage proach maximum theoretical efficiency? take notice of those hearings. is concerned, the unit train cannot be Certainly the pipeline proponents hold At this point, Mr. Speaker, I wish to matched by any other surface carrier in­ out no prospect of any consequential share with the public my staff's review cluding slurry pipelines in particular. advances. of H.R. 13845: This flexibility is based on the existing To sum up, the unit train concept and H.R. 13845-NATIONAL EARTHQUAKE HAzARI>s extensive rail network which reaches its application to coal transportation REDUCTION CONFERENCE ACT virtually every part of the country. compels these important conclusions: BACKGROUND First. Unit trains are a relatively re­ All 50 states a.re subject to some earth­ This permits service to and from every quake-related hazard a.nd over 70 million possible origin and destina tlon, just as cent innovation in rail transportation Americans in 39 states are llvlng in zones it permits .rerouting around problem which has been developed, tested, and where moderate to major damage from areas. Because cars and locomotives can brought to a high level of efficiency earthquakes could occur. Programs designed be reassigned, changes in delivery volume during the last 10 to 15 years. to mitigate earthquake hazards are scattered can be easily accommodated. Alternate Second. Unit trains allow a high de­ throughout federal, state and local govern­ coal sources can be reached to provide gree of insulation against the problems ments, and the academic and private re­ of inflation because of the economies of search community. for the blending of fuels or to take ac­ Earth science and earthquake research count of production problems, such as scale inherent in the constant move­ programs now exist in several federal agen­ mine strikes. ment of large volumes of coal over cies. While much progress has been made by Pipelines can do none of these things. existing fixed plant. the scientists in the field of earthquake pre­ According to testimony of George M. Third. The cost efficiencies of unit diction, no effective mechanisms have been Stafford, Chairman of the Interstate trains have been a prime means of meet­ developed to integrate current and future Commerce Commission, on page 669 of ing the energy crisis by permitting the prediction capabilities into an effective na­ easy substitution of abundant coal for tional earthquake hazards reduction pro­ the hearings testifled, and I quot.e: scarce petrofuels. gram. No mechanisms exist for coordinating In terms of engineering and operation, a research in the social and economic aspects slurry pipellne must be designed for an opti­ Fourth. Rail unit train delivery offers of earthquake prediction. Legal issues rang­ mum throughout and must be kept filled. flexibility of delivery which cannot be ing from the promulgation of improved The flow rate must be kept near the optimum matched by slurry pipelines. building codes to the development innova­ for economic operation. In order to double Fifth. There is a strong possibility that tive taxation and insurance programs need the capacity of a given slurry line, four unit train technology will substantially to be considered. 16742 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1976 Planning and preparation for emergency Staff of Conference You're Bob Curley and you're not going to relief are also necessary elements in any fed­ Director appointed by Conference chair­ see many dry eyes in the place when you eral program. Within the federal govern­ man. leave. You have left your mark on everyone ment there are at least two dozen agencies Staff appointed by Director. who has had the privilege of knowing you. with the capacity and responsib111ty to con­ Contract personnel and detailees as You're Bob Curley and you've done more tribute. All efforts and capa.bllities, public needed. good for people than a thousand other men. and private, scientific and social, economic Powers of Conference You were a boss, sure, but you were more. and legal, federal and local, need to be con­ Hold hearings and receive testimony. You were a leader, you were a guy to share sidered and coordinated in developing a Secure necessary information from agen­ a laugh with, you were a shoulder to cry comprehensive program of earthquake haz­ cies. upon, you were a confessor, you were an ex­ ards reduction in the United States. Sev­ Enter into contracts relevant to execution ample for all to follow. More important, you eral other nations, including Mainland of duties under this Act. were a friend. China and the Soviet Union presently appear The misty eyes you left your readers with to be ahead of the U.S. in the prediction and Reports when you told of the joy and sorrows of just mitigation of earthquake hazards. Annual report of past/planned Conference people in print will never dry or be for­ SUMMARY activties and recommended legislation to gotten. The sports knowledge you reported President and Congressional committees. This bill establishes a management mech­ could be called a bible. Research and development report evaluat­ You earned the name in the office and on anism within the existing federal structure ing current activities and recommending leg­ through which a coordinated program for the field of "coach." No one ever gave that islation. respected word more authority, more dig­ earthquake hazards reduction may be formu­ Legal report comp111ng and analyzing stat­ lated. It brings together public and private nity or more meaning than you. If we didn't utes and decisions and recommending legis­ fumble it was only because you were the expertise in a wide range of disciplines nec­ lation. essary to the success of a comprehensive "coach.'' national program. Authorization You're Bob Curley and there isn't anyone The bill offers an opportunity for U.S. pro­ $2,000,000 for FY'77. who can say to you they've ever read a better gram planners to learn from international $3,000,000 for FY'78. column than yours. And that includes all experiences, and for both the Executive and $4,000,000 for FY'79. of the sports columns which were ever writ­ Legislative Branches to develop a compre­ $5,000,000 for FY'80. ten. hensive focal point for direction and over­ As needed for following fiscal years. You're Bob Curley and you've done much sight purposes. (Prepared by Rodger S. Gabrielson, Office more than just makes friends at The News. HR 13845 provides nominal funding only of Congressman Charles A. Mosher) You found time whHe you were sports editor for the establishment and operation of a at the Ridgewood News to coach at St. Luke's management Conference. No funding is pro­ High School, in Ho-Ho-Kus, and start young vided for executing elements of a national men and women off on the right foot in program as it is expected that such funds CONGRF.SSIONAL BICENTENNIAL life. Your imagination stirred the sports sec­ would be included in each participating SALUTE TO THE HONORABLE tion of the Herald News and when you be­ agency's planning and budgeting process. BOB CURLEY OF NEW JERSEY came public relations director there, a band festival and spelling bee were formed. PROVISIONS THE NEWS SPORTS EDITOR, You got the closed-down Meadowbrook The following is a brief outline of the pro­ YOUTH GUIDANCE COACH AND Theater back into the limelight. But all visions of HR 13845. GREAT AMERICAN a.long the way the most important thing was PURPOSE creating a path of true friend!>. They say if To establish a National Earthquake Haz­ HON. ROBERT A. ROE you make one real friend in a. lifetime you've ards Reduction Conference. accomplished a lot. You never believed in OF NEW JERSEY that motto. You never stopped making DUTIES OF CONFERENCE IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES friends. Formulate and coordinate a national pro­ You're Bob Curley and you never married, gram for earthquake hazards reduction. · Thursday, June 3, 1976 Instead ta.king care of your wonderful moth­ Confer with Governors and other appropri­ Mr. ROE. Mr. Speaker, as we celebrate er, who has passed a.way. Indeed you were ate officials to establish procedures for dis­ heartbroken. But you proceeded to write a semination of predictions and warnings. our Bicentennial Year and reflect upon heartwarming column a.bout your mother, Establish a clearinghouse to provide state the history of our great Nation and the something few writers would have the guts and local authorities with information and good deeds of our people which have to do. But you're Bob Curley and you never technical assistance. gained America's preeminence as a rep­ la.eked guts. Study and evaluate all federal earthqua.ke­ resentative democracy, second to none, You didn't know what tired· or weary was related programs for efficiency and economy. among all nations of the world, I am in­ while you were tending to your first St. Coordinate eight different categories of re­ deed honored and privileged to call your Berna.rd, Judy, who once saved a child from search relevant to a national program. attention to the good works of one of drowning, when she became ill. She Inspired Promulgate relevant standards for federal you to write the column, Legend of the St. buildings and fac111ties. our leading citizens, outstanding writer Berna.rd, a.bout a dog following Christ on Promulgate regulations to safeguard in­ and good friend, the Honorable Bob Good Friday, and attaining a sad face from dividuals from fraudulent earthquake miti­ Curley, whose standards of excellence in that day on forever. That column has ap­ gation services. guiding and working with our young peo­ peared in The News for the past decade on Analyze and cooperate with appropriate ple, inspiring them to fair play and "Big ea.ch Good Friday. international programs. League" expertise in the world of sports When Judy died, the sports department Identify groups likely to be severely af­ have truly enriched our community, chipped in for a new St. Bernard, Rusty. fected by earthquakes and develop plans for State, and Nation. You're Bob Curley whom priests, presi­ catastrophy assistance. dents and just people have come to for advice Recommend legislation to assist agencies Mr. Speaker. Bob Curley has advised and to exchange kind words. You never let In executing a national earthquake program. us of his intention to retire from the them down. You never let anyone down. Establish a national Earthquake Predic­ News, whose headquarters are located in But this didn't just start at St. Luke's or tion Boa.rd to evaluate and authenticate Paterson. N.J. in my congressional dis­ In the newspaper business. predictions. trict, where he has attained acclaim as It started when you were a little boy in Membership of Conference the finest sports writer its readers have Brooklyn. To this day you praise the dis­ Twenty-three (23) members from twenty known for lo these many years. With cipline your mother and' father bestowed (20) federal agencies specified by function; your permission I would like to insert at upon you. Perhaps living in Brooklyn, your and this point in our historical journal of early love for the Dodgers molded you into Six (6) members appointed by the Sec­ the field of sports. But more likely It was Congress an eloquently stated profile of your father. retary of Housing and Urban Development Bob Curley, authored by one of his dis­ representing state, local, private and aca­ You moved with your family to the Moun­ demic groups; and tinguished proteges and outstanding tain View section of Wayne, at a young age Four (5) non-voting members from Con­ news correspondent, Ron Rippey, which and watched your father umpire baseball gress specified by function. appeared in a recent issu~ of this presti­ games. He was very knowledgeable, fair, well gious newspaper, the News, as follows: liked and respected by all. He was also quite Executive Committee of Conference a. poem writer and obviously you inherited YOU'RE BOB CURLEY ••• A REALLY SPECIAL Eleven (11) members from Conference in­ and then built upon that talent. Knm OF GUY cluding the Chairman and Deputy Chairman You went to Pompton Lakes High School, of the Conference, the six (6) Conference (By Ron Rippey) playing football under the late Charlie Ben­ members appointed by the Secretary of HUD, You're Bob Curley and you're going to be son. You watched, you listened, you learned. and three (3) other Conference members leaving The News as sports editor in a short Most important, that wonderful fellowship elected by the Conference. time. for people was mushrooming. June 4, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16743 You graduated from William and Mary Col­ chance in life. You car d about him. You've the Reverend Ladislaus J. Flek, as we lege and set out upon a career. cared about everyone you've ever known. celebrate the 35th anniversary of his There were a. variety of jobs, but writing You're Bob Curley and your life story sports for the Ridgewood News stirred. your would make a great movie. But while you ordination to the priesthood. interest and, lucky for us, ignited the career were at St. Luke's, your example did inspire Father Flek has maintained the high­ of a great sports writer. You were fair, hon­ a film-it was called "Bells of St. Mary's." est standards of excellence throughout est and inte111gent. You're Bob Curley and your dedication and his lifetime and we are pleased to share It was an accident you began coaching at inspiration cannot be described or measured. the pride of his parents, Valentine and St. Luke's. You covered a St. Luke-Ridgewood The list of names of people you put on the the late Sophia Bielecki, in his many. High School basketball game one day and the road to life is endless. many achievements, so unselfishly and following day wrote a column about the rag There's Jim Hanney, who you met while a willingly dedicated to the betterment of tag kids from St. Luke's. Kids who played a coach at St. Luke and gave a career to at the game without a coach and who With just a Herald News. There's Augie Lio, football star mankind. His exemplary service to God little guidance could have been successful. who you worked with in sports at the Herald and country are mirrored in the happi­ The next day Sister Patricia, the school prin­ News; there's Joe Siccardl, now general man­ ness and security he has provided our cipal, invited you to visit the school and talk ager of the Belvidere (Ill.) Times; there's people in his steadfast quest for the With the boys. The invitation lasted 10 years. this writer. religious and cultural enrichment of all You started a. football program at St. There's the entire sports staff at The News of our citizens, young and adults alike. Luke's and turned the basketball and base­ that includes Steve Jakimec, Rudy Neuman, Having been born and raised in the ball teams into perennial winners. Brian Bailey, Walt Keogh, Rich Chere, John You turned some average athletes into Ruyzam, Rick Sadowski, Phil Laclura and city of Passaic, Father Flek has truly some of the greatest athletes Bergen County myself. endeared himself as a special family has ever known. There was Walt Keady, Jay There are many more. Its tough to count member to all of us who have had the Kirby and Dave Burt. Your baseball teams the number of times you've been asked to good fortune to know him. He was born were a dynasty unlike those ever known by be a godfather. Augle Lio and Jim Hanney in 1916 as a member of the congregation the New York Yankees. wanted you. Jim Hanney also insisted you be of St. Josephj5 Church, Passaic, and as You coached well, but more important you his best man at his wedding. we attest to the warmth of his friendship gave the boys faith in God and faith in them­ "He will always be part of my life and selves. The stories you took out of St. Luke's I am sure part of everyone who has had the and richness of his fidelity and wisdom, were priceless. good fortune of knowing him," said Hanney. it is somewhat awe inspiring to note that There's the tale about a St. Luke's team John Van Dyken, principal at Wayne Val­ we salute him now as the revered pastor which was in a batting slump at the begin­ ley High, who knew your father and you as of St. Joseph's Church. ning of the season. You suggested praying to a little boy said, "Bob Curley ls an honest Father Flek was graduated from St. St. Jude, patron saint of hopeless causes. A person, congenial, helpful, goes out of his way Joseph's School in 1929, completed his sta.tt1e of St. Jude would help. But the poor, to do anything he can for anybody. He's a. high school studies at Don Bosco Prep, fragile statue of the saint was accidentally gentleman with an outstanding personality." Ramsey, N.J., attained his college degree thrown into the bag With the bats and balls. Augie Lio said, "He's one of the greatest St. Luke's boys hit like angels that day. people I ever met in my life. He's warm, kind, at Seton Hall University, and pursued And when they discovered St. Jude in the a considerate guy. He always helps you out his theological studies at the Immaculate batting bag at the end of the game, he wasn't whenever he can." Conception Seminary, Darlington, N.J. knicked, tarnished. or damaged. Another sea­ The plaudits will nevpr stop. They On June 7, 1942, the late Most son you gave the boys on the baseball team shouldn't. They can't. Reverend Thomas H. McLaughlin, the medals of St. Jude to wear. A *ell-known You've received many awards on many lev­ first bishop of the diocese of Paterson, New York Yankee ball player was also in a els. You deserved them a.IL You deserve more. conducted the ordination services where­ batting slump at the time and you bestowed We can't in our lifetime repay what you one of the medals on him. His hitting be­ have done for us. What you have done for by holy orders were conferred upon came sensational overnight and suddenly others. Father Flek. He celebrated his first many of the Bronx Bombers were petitioning They'll never be able to replace you. But solemn Mass at St. Joseph's, by the same you for St. Jude medals. The Yankees won maybe that's the way the Lord wanted it to altar where he previously served as an the pennant and at the end of the St. Luke's be. altar boy for many years. championship baseball season at the school's As a young curate, Father Flek served awards banquet most of the New York Yan­ Mr. Speaker, the quality of Bob eur­ at Holy Rosary Parish, Passaic, for the kees showed up. ley's leadership, the richness of his wis­ first 6 months of priesthood under the You're Bob Curley and you put St. Luke's dom, his compassion for people, and the on the map in sports and everything else. inspiration he has imparted to the youth pastorate of the late Very Reverend Your football players excelled as well. Canon Stanislaus Kruczek. In January of America are all gently woven into this 1942 he was assigned to St. Anthony's There was Lindy "Doc" Scafuro, now a den­ story of his lifetime of dedication and tist in Waldwick. Kenny Hein, Bob Shupin, Church, Hawthorne, N.J. and in July a high school All-American, who went on to devotion to mankind. I am deeply ap­ 1954 was named pastor of St. Simon the to his star at North Carolina State, Jiggs and Rickie preciative of the opportunity call Apastle Church, Green Pond, N.J., where Turi and John Alberse were all grid stars. good deeds to your attention and know his responsibilities embraced the Parish You took your Lucans, football team to that you and our colleagues will want to of St. Thomas the Apostle Church in oak Staten Island once to play against an or­ join with me in saluting Bob Curley who Ridge, N.J. phanage. They invited you for dinner. The has served as a bulwark of strength and meal was cold fish and lettuce. refreshment to our young people and is For 8 years commencing in September Your Lucans had been brought up prop­ indeed a great American. 1961 Father Flek served as pastor of Our erly. They ate as little as would be polite to Lady of Mount Carmel Church, Boonton, leave more for the orphans. They brought in N.J., where he will long be remembered every candy bar they could buy. for the beauty and magnjticence of the It was a raw, cold day and you and your CONGRESSIONAL BICENTENNIAL church which was built during his pas­ late mother were politely appalled at the SALUTE TO THE REVEREND torate and stands in majestic splendor dress of the orphans. Upon returning to your LADISLAUS J. FLEK OF PASSAIC, Ridgewood home, she began a crusade the as one of the oldest, most historic N.J., ESTEEMED PASTOR, COM­ churches in the Diocese of Paterson. likes of which CARE has never seen. She MUNITY called the Diocese of New York and de­ LEADER, AND GREAT His significant contributions to the manded the hierarchy accompany her to the AMERICAN quality of our American way of life are home. They did and when she suggested the also mirrored. in his many accomplish­ clergy brave the elements without coats such ments in his leadership pasition as a dis­ as the orphans, massive reforms were made. HON. ROBERT A. ROE She organized the mothers of St. Luke's to OF NEW JERSEY tinguished member of the Diocesan help out the school. They did. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Priests' Senate and the Diocesan Pastoral A black boy from the o\ophanage beat you, Council. 7-6, in the final seconds of a football game. Thursday, June 3, 1976 Mr. Speaker, during this Bicentennial He was a fine athlete, but you were told he Mr. ROE. Mr. Speaker, on Sunday, Year as we reflect upon the history of was severely lacking in guidance, in under­ June 6, residents of my congressional America and the good deeds of our peo­ standing. He needed help. You're Bob Curley and long before society district and State of New Jersey will ple that have contributed so much to even considered it possible you attempted to assemble with the congregation of St. the quality of the way of life in our rep­ adopt that black boy despite the fact you Joseph's Church, Passaic, N.J., to give resentative democracy, second to none, wete a bachelor. You wanted to have him testimony to an outstanding clergyman, among all nations throughout the world, in. your home. You wanted him to have a distinguished citizen and good friend, it is highly significant that we now m- 16744 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1976 scribe within the pages of our historical TAB is a. bibliographi~al reference document Ordered that the defendants shall pay rea­ journal of Congress this commemorative which indexes technical reports prepared for sonable attorney's fees and costs reasonably profile of one of our most revered clergy­ the Department of Defense. It is as an entity incurred In this litigation. classified confidential. Most of the reports JUNE L. GREEN, men and outstanding leaders. He has indexed in TAB, however, are unclassified U.S. District Judge. made a difference in the estate, legacy and although some of the actual reports in­ and heritage of our people through his dexed in TAB ace in themselves classified, deep concern and positive action in car­ their titles have been rewritten so that each ing and making each moment count by title is unclassified. A DOSE OF ATOMIC SOCIALISM helping others along the pathway of life The defendants have asserted that TAB is in seeking life's fulfillment and purpose properly classified confidential 1 pursuant to Executive Order 11652. Therefore, it is ex­ which has truly enriched our community, empt from disclosure under 5 U.S.C. 552 HON. HAMILTON FISH, JR. State and Nation. We do indeed salute (b) (1), which provides for the withholding OF NEW YORK the Reverend Ladislaus J. Flek, the of material properly classified pursuant to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ~steemed pastor of St. Joseph's Church, an Executive Order and authorized by such community leader, and great American. Order to be kept secret in the interest of Friday, June 4, 1976 national defense or foreign policy. The Court, however, need not reach the question Mr. FISH. Mr. Speaker, on Saturday, of whether the documents were in fact prop­ May 15, 1976, the Washington Star pub­ SIGNIFICANT FREEDOM OF INFOR­ erly classified, and thus not subject to dis­ lished an article by Ralph Nader entitled MATION ACT DECISION closure, because of other overriding provi­ "A Dose of Atomic Socialism" regarding sions in the Act. UPEC-uranium producers export car­ The Freedom of Information Act dictates tel. I am placing the article in the HON. BELLA S. ABZUG that: CONGRESSIONAL RECORD for the benefit of I "Any reasonably segregable portion of a OF NEW YORK the Members of the House, the context of record shall be provided to any person re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES questing such record after deletion of the which follows: If you haven't yet heard of "UPEC," you Friday, June 4, 1976 portions which a.re exempt under this sub­ section." 5 U.S.C. 552(b). soon will. "UPEC"-uranium producers ex­ Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, the Govern­ Therefore, the Court holds that each port cartel-is the informal name which in­ ment Information and Individual Right.s entry which is unclassified must be dis­ dustry insiders give to the foreign countries Subcommittee, which I chair, has juris­ closed to the plaintifl'. controlling most of the uranium reserves diction over the Freedom of Information Lastly, in the complaint, plaintiff has re­ needed for nuclear power. quested reasonable attorney's fees and costs. Partly because these countries-France, Act, as amended in late 1974. I wish to Since the Act provides for the assessment Canada, South Africa and Australia are bring to the attention of my colleagues against the United States of such expenses among the leaders-are having informal dis­ a recent judicial decision interpreting when the complainant has substantially pre­ cussions with a distinctly cartel-forming what I believe to be one of the most sig­ vailed, the Court will so order. 5 U.S.C. 552 flavor, the price of uranium is soaring. nificant aspect.s of the 1974 amendment.s; (a) (4) (E). From a price of $7 per pound of uranium namely, the requirement that-- JUNE L. GREEN, in 1973, uranium has gone to more than $40 [a] ny reasonably segregable portion of a U.S. District Judge. per pound j;his year. record shall be provided to any person re­ Date: May 20, 1976. Even higner uranium prices--and as a re­ questing such record after deletion of the sult electricity prices-are forthcoming. In a little publicized, 191-page report released portions which are exempt under this sub­ [U.S. District Court for the District of Co­ section. 5 U.S.C. 552(b). earlier this year by the New York investment lumbia, Civil Action No. 75-1869] consulting firm of Mitchell, Hutchins, Inc., In the case in question, Florence ORDER the prediction is made that uranium will against U.S. Department of Defense, the William G. Florence, Plaintifl' v. United rise to $100 per pound by 1977. Defense Department--apparently on the States Department of Defense, et al., Defend­ The report confidently states: "Only at a theory that the whole is not equal to the ants. very high price will supply and demand be Upon consideration of the cross-motions balanced, and uranium prices will climb at sum of it.s parts-claimed that even for summary judgment and the record and least to the $12-barrel oil BTU breakeven though every individual portion of the proceedings herein, and it appearing to the price of $100-pound over the next year, quite record in question was unclassified, all of Court that there is no genuine issue as to possibly rising two to three times this level the portions taken together should be any material fact, and that plaintiff is en­ thereafter before eventually settling down. classified. Judge June Green, of the U.S. titled to summary judgment as a matter of "The days of sub-$100-pound uranium will District Court for the District of Colum­ law, it is by the Court this 20th day of soon go the way of the days of sub-$10-barrel bia, in a ruling handed down on May 20, May 1976, in accordance with the accompany­ oil." held that the reasonably segregable ing Opinion, Uranium prices, cartels and the likelihood Ordered that plaintifl''s motion for sum­ of forced reliance on uranium imports by provision quoted above required the re­ mary judgment should be and the same the 1980s are only a few of the economic lease of the entire document. hereby is granted; and that defendants' mo­ problems plaguing the domestic nuclear The opinion and order of the court tion for summary Judgment should be and power industry. These giant corporations­ have been appealed to the U.S. Court of the same hereby is denied; and it is fur­ from Westinghouse and Genera.I Electric to Appeals for the District of Columbia Cir­ ther many electric utlllties-now want to trans­ cuit. I think Judge Green's conclusion Ordered that the defendants and their fer the plague to the taxpayer and consumer. was sound an~ fully consonant with the agents, employees, successors in office and Marching to their corporate drums, Nel­ intent of the statute, and I hope that it all other persons acting in concert with them son Rockefeller and Frank Zarb went to the will be sustained on appeal. or at their direction, and each of them, Senate a few weeks ago to urge passage of should be and the same are permanently their scheme to bail out the industry with The material referred to follows: enjoined from withholding each unclassi­ hefty doses of atomic socialism. [U.S. District Court for the District of fied entry contained in the records entitled With unctuous expediency, these men and Columbia, Civil Action No. 75-1869] "Technical Abstract Bulletin Indexes, Bulle­ their business cohorts shamelessly dropped OPINION tin Number 74-15, 19 July 1974" (TAB) pro­ all free enterprise slogans in their zeal to William G. Florence, Plaintiff v. United duced by the Defense Documentation Center, make the American taxpayer pay for the States Department of Defense, et al, Defend­ Defense Supply Agency, Department of De­ atomic industry's mismanagement under the ants. fense; and it ls further guise of a new agency to be called the En­ Thls action ls brought under the Freedom Ordered that the defendants and each of ergy Independence Authority (EIA). of Information Act, as a.mended, 5 u.s.c. them should be and the same hereby a.re EIA would have the authority to extend 552 (Supp. IV, 1974). Plaintiff is seeking ordered to make each unclassified entry in loans and loan guarantees to the atomic in­ access to records entitled "Technical Abstract TAB available to plaintiff or to plantiff's dustry, yet not be accountable to the con­ Bulletin Indexes, Bulletin Number 74-15, attorneys herein no later than ten days after gresslona.1 budgetary process, environmental 19 July 1974" (hereinafter referred to as the entry hereof, for inspection and copying; impact or freedom of informa.tlon require­ "TAB"), which is produced by the Defense and it is further ments-to describe some of its extraordinary Documentatlon Center, Defense Supply autonomy. Agency, Department of Defense. This matter 1 Confidential classiflcatlon applies to those The pro-nuclear witnesses at that Senate is before the Court on cross-motions for documents whose unauthorized disclosure hearing did not speak of the serious safety summary judgment. could reasonably be expected to cause dam- problems gnawing at the atomic indusvy, The following are the undisputed facts. age to national security. · ranging from the uranium mines to tbe June 4, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16745 power plants and their lethal radioactive posed to the handout syndrome where peo­ full glory of health, goodness and "nachas" garbage. ple believe they have a right to be sustained. from children and family. In contrast, the Mitchell, Hutchins report Even St. Paul said in 'l"'hessalonians 3: 10 stated unequivocally that "the nuclear in­ that if any would not work, neither should I can only add my appreciation of the dustry has broken faith with the public, over he eat. This ls still sound doctrine. Weissman's contribution and my pleas­ and over again, in its presumed technological ure at seeing them so honored. and managerial competence." The report also stated: "The managerial shortcomings are on two levels: competency CHARLES' AND ROZ WEISSMAN and honesty ... .'' and gave examples to HONORED BY YOUNG ISRAEL "THE ETHICAL BASIS OF ECONOMIC support its case. FREEDOM" During the past few mont hs, sharpened concern has grown among a number of scien­ tists and engineers over earthquake risks to HON. LESTER L. WOLFF atomic power plants. OF NEW YORK HON. CHARLES E. BENNETT Five geologists issued a report . regarding IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES OF FLORIDA the potential "for disastrous failure of nu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES clear power plants in California. during an Friday, June 4, 1976 Friday, June 4, 1976 earthquake." This issue will figure promi­ Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, it was my nently in the California referendum next pleasure to attend the 23d anniversary Mr. BENNETT. Mr. Speaker, if there month on atomic safety. testimonial banquet of the Young Israel is any truth in the recent statement that Other scientists, especially Dr. Robert O. Pohl of Cornell and Dr. Edward Martell of of New Hyde Park which was held in "open societies with their ethical stand­ the Nat ional Center for Atmospheric Re­ Woodbury, N.Y., on May 31. This year's ards in disarray are an endangered spe­ search in Boulder, Colo., have pointed to the annual aifair took on added importance cies," then it is past time for a construc­ widespread present health hazard from ra­ because it was held in honor of Charles tive, national dialogue on participatory dioactive mill tailings and other potentially and Roz Weissman, two people whose ethics and honesty in every phase of our cancer-causing exposures from the nuclear contributions are in every form too lives. A major step in this direction has fuel cycle. numerous to mention. The banquet could been initiated with the publication of a For a free copy of a "Critical Mass" report not have been possible without the gen­ new book entitled, "The Ethical Basis on nuclear radiation hazards, WTite P.O. Box of Economic Freedom," a collection of 1538, Washington, D.C. 20013. erous efforts of Seymour and Ethel With its technical, environmental and eco­ Rumelt, Sol and Edith Sachs and Morton more than a dozen essays on ethics. nomic positions crumbling, the atomic in­ and Ruth Weiss. This remarkable book, which my col­ dustry is resorting to political arm twisting I found the message included in the leagues will soon have, is the product of and emotional scare tactics of national eco­ program, by Rabbi Meyer Bilitzsky, a American Viewpoint, Inc., of Chapel nomic disaster. most suitable tribute and worthy of re­ Hill, N.C., whose president, Ivan Hill, Corporate pressure on the boa.rd of direc­ peating here: assembled and collected the essays. The tors of the Institute of Electrical and Elec­ I would like to greet all members and book is particularly remarkable in that tronics Engineers (IEEE) to issue a blanket friends of the Young Israel at this our 23rd its contributors represent a wide spec­ endorsement of rapid nuclear development Anniversary Dinner. While in the normal trum of viewpoints from the business led the IEEE's Committee on Social Impli­ reckoning of time, thirty years is considered cations of Technology to criticize the board and academic worlds, and because of the a generation, in synagogue life a generation timeliness of its publication. sharply in its March newsletter. is compacted into a much shorter period and this ls due to many circumstances and Within the book are to be found arti­ reasons. One of these reasons ls the demo­ cles by Secretary of the Treasury Wil­ graphical changes in a community. After liam E. Simon; Leon Jaworski, former NOT ALL SAY "AYE" two decades, a patt.ern develops that sees an special Watergate prosecutor; Andrew exodus of the older inhabitants, those who W. Kneier of Co:rnmon Cause; former built, struggled and labored to build a com­ Assistant Secretary of Commerce and HON. JACK BRINKLEY munity and its institutions. In their place now professor, Jack N. Berhman; Earl OF GEORGIA we find a younger generation desiring to make their own mark on community life but W. Kintner, past head of the Federal IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES stifled due to, supposedly, a lack of things Trade Commission; Kenneth Fiester, Friday, June 4, 1976 to build or institutions to create. founder of the Industrial Labor Press, A second reason why after two decades we AFI.r-CIO; Clifford E. Graese, partner, Mr. BRINKLEY. Mr. Speaker, besides are dealing with a new "generation," is that Peat, Marwick, Mitchell & Co.; and Max distributing my regular column, Con­ after twenty years it is time "to forget" or H. Parrot, president of the American gressional Report, to the news media in "not want to know." As the Torah tells us, Medical Association. the Third District of Georgia this week, "Asher lo yadah es Yosef," that the Pharaoh In addition, there can be found the I am taking the liberty also of sending did not know or want to know of Joseph's accomplishments in the land of Egypt. There codes of ethics from broadcasters, news­ it to chamber of commerce constituents. paper editors, police chiefs, realtors, et I submit this week's Congressional Re­ is nothing more disconcerting to the young or to the new than to be told, "I remember cetera, with commentaries on them pre­ port for publication in the RECORD: when ...," or "When I ..." pared by spokesmen from each field, NOT ALL SAY "AYE" The alternative has to be for existing in­ such as Arch N. Booth, former president, (By Hon. JACK BRINKLEY) stitutions to allow the new and the young U.S. Chamber of Commerce and Mark If you vote with integrity, you never fail. opportunities to create a.new. The glories of Ethridge, Jr. of the American Society The dissenting opinions of Chief Justice the past do not necessarily have to be buried. of Newspaper Editors. Oliver Wendell Holmes put him in the mi­ They have to make room for others to carve nority which did not prevail. Yet his views for themselves new glories they can call At a recent press conference, Secre­ and his votes have now been almost com­ their own. tary Simon, in introducing the book, pletely vindicated in law and judicial What direction will these new creations called on American business to suit their opinion. take or in what form they will be molded no actions to their words and fully sub­ I am resoundingly: one can predict. But if institutions are buUt scribe to the theory that "honesty is not Against a federal budget in excess of $400 on solid foundations, if institutions truly only the best policy but the only one billion. 105 of us voted for the balanced project the image for which they should compatible with a free society." "I un­ budget concept. stand, then there ls nothing to fear. Who can equivocally disagree,'' he said, "with Against food stamps for strikers and afflu­ say that all the necessary institutions a com­ ent college students; for an income tax credit munity needs have been born? There is yet those who say that bribes are a necessary to all parents for a child's college tuition. more to build; there ls yet much to create. way of life for U.S. businessmen operat­ Against unemployment benefits for sea­ We can only hope that the young and the ing overseas." He added that, such prac­ sonal Big League athletes, state legislative new wlll take up the cudgels and challenges tices winked at abroad can also become session employees, or those who are sustained of the present, and build on the pa.st great accepted here, leading to the end of free through sufficient earnings, measured on an a.ccompltshments for their own bright future. enterprise. annual basts. To Charles and Roz Weissman, master Certainly, one of the most appropri­ Against Humphrey-Hawkins full employ­ builders of the past, e.nd with G-d's help, ment measure and national health startup the future, I extend my sincerest expression ate ways in which we as citizens can contained in budget ceiling. of Ma.zel Tov. May they be continually im­ commemorate the 200th anniversary of I am for a return to the work ethic as op- bued with the challenge of tomorrow in the this great Nation, would be to keep alive 16746 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1976 the issue of ethics and honesty in our with those of the Cubans. The Weather The Weather Underground concludes minds and in our actions. Underground terrorists and their PFOC its Puerto Rican article: As one who has been involved in this comrades have been working closelY Independence for Puerto Rico wm be a field throughout my congressional ca­ with, and in support of, the Puerto Rican victory for our movement if we do what the reer, I commend this book to the Mem­ Socialist Party, PSP, a Castroite Marx­ situation demands: build a solidarity move­ bers, both as a work for reference and ist-Leninist organization. and support ment of mllllons and make our rebellion and the PSP slogan, "A Bicentennial with­ action a price imperialism. must pay for its as a keystone for a national dialogue on crimes against Puerto Rico. ethics. I wish also, to thank my friend out colonies." The current,Osawatomie Ivan Hill for his ongoing contributions focuses on building support for the July WUO "first secretary" Dohrn con­ in this area and for presenting us with 4, Philadelphia demonstrations. The tributes an "open letter" in the same vein this thought-provoking book. WUO Central Committee editorial, calling for U.S. workers to take a stand "Where We Stand," states in part: with the PSP and its labor union front, Today the two main tasks of our move­ the United Workers Movement, MOU. ment are: 1) To build an anti-imperialist SaysD01¥n- WEATHER UNDERGROUND PROPA­ working class movement tha t can join with They have a class-conscious workers move­ GANDA: OSAWATOMIE AND FILM the oppressed peoples; overthrow imperialism ment, they have a leading revolutionary and establish socialism; and 2) To build a party (Puerto Rican Socialist Party). • • • communist party to lead the struggle. They have appealed to the people of North The theme of this issue of Osawatomie is America, whose solidarity ls a fundamental HON. LARRY McDONALD "A Bicentennial Without Colonies!" This OF GEORGIA factor in advancing the independence slogan challenges people to realize that 200 struggles. IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES years after the American Revolut ion the U.S. Friday, June 4, 1976 ls the number one imperialist power. This is Dohrn also makes a significant admis­ a slogan against all forms of n ational and sion in her statement, that "The Puerto Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, even colonial oppression, inside and outside the Rican struggle is the lifeblood of our as the Weather Underground Organi­ U.S., a call for self-determination for all own," which clearly indicates the de­ zation's overt arm, the Prairie Fire Or­ peoples oppressed by imperialism. This is the fight ing stance of a revolutionary work­ pendency of the Weather Underground ganizing Committee, PFOC, is work­ ing class movement that can win. and Prairie Fire on "outside" move­ ing as a leader of a coalition which in­ ments-the Cuban- and Soviet-backed tends to mass counter-Bicentennial * * * * * Organizers wholeheartedly fighting for the guerrilla terrorists in Chile, Puerto Rico, demonstrations in Philadelphia on July needs of the working class must also raise Palestine-!or "legitimacy" derived by 4, the secret core group of terrorist the banner of revolutionary anti-imperial­ solidarity bombings. bombers is seeking to lend its sinister ism. • • • The only way to strengthen the In some areas, copies of Osawatomie, "prestige" to the anti-Bicentennial oc­ working class is to fight for internationalist available in reprints from the John casion. The Weather Underground Or­ class con sciousness in the struggle against Brown Book Club, Post Office Box 22383, ganization, WUO, communicates through hard times. Seattle, Wash. 98122; and Inkworks, its PFOC representEi,tives and directly In this light we dedicate ourselves to soli­ 4220 Telegraph Avenue. Oakland, Calif. through a filmed interview being shown darity With the July 4th mobilization in Philadelphia which wlll rase the banner of 94609. have been distributed at movie across the country and via its publica­ Indepen dence for Puerto Rico and unite this theaters showing ''Underground," a tion, Osawatomie. struggle with that of the workers and op­ filmed interview by Emile deAntonio, The fifth edition of Osawatomie-­ pressed people of the U.S. This is an urgent Mary Lampson, and Haskell Wexler with volume 2, No. 1, April-May 1976-is now priority. members of the Weather leadership. being distributed. The 27-page magazine ''Underground" has been premiered in now states it will "advance from a sea­ The Weather Underground magazine sonal (quarterly) publication to a bi­ contains a number of articles signed with New York, Boston, Washington, D.C., monthly." "This," says the WUO, "re­ false names such as Celia Sojourn, Ella and other cities to provide funds for de­ flects the growth of our organization and Flynn, Joe Reed, and J. Lardner, and by fense committees and revolutionary or­ the importance we attach to the con­ known WUO members Billy Ayers and ganizations approved by the WUO. Bernardine Dohrn who now styles her­ These Weathermen acts of "benevo­ tinued development of Osawatomie as lence" have led to revolutionary criti­ the revolutionary voice of the WUO." In self "First Secretary, Weaither Under­ fact, the WUO core cadre exist only as a ground Organization." cism from members of other terrorist A five-page article in support of the groups such as the Black Liberation small, isolated band of spoilt middle Army, BLA, and Symbionese Liberation class revolutionists. The WUO is a para­ Pue!to Rican Socialist Party, PSP, site upon free media publicity: Its terror pra1Ses a long series of revolutionary ter­ Army,SLA. bQmbs generate the publicity upon which rorists-Pedro Albizu Campos and the An "Open Letter to the Weather the WUO feeds and which it must have Puerto Rican Nationalist Party teams Underground Organization," published to keep up its "mystique." who tried to assassinate President Tru­ by the John Brown Book Club states: The Weather Underground tries to man and attacked Congress through the We address this to the WUO as a criticism present an image of "reasoned" terror­ clandestine terror bombers of MIRA, the of the rationale which lead to the proposed ism: they bomb "symbolic" targets.­ CAL-Armed Commandos of Libera­ limited polit ical use of the Weather film, as which are offices and buildings with tion-and now the FALN-Armed Forces stated in Osawatomie No. 3. As it stands now. of National Liberation. The WUO which use of the film will be confined almost ex­ American citizens working in them-and clusively to comrades who have the muSt produce lengthy cliche- and rhetoric­ has itself performed bombings in soli­ support nationally. While we realize thil.t filled statements in justification of the darity with PSP projects, states: these comrades need as much support as bombs. And they hope the public and In Puerto Rico, armed struggle has become possible, we feel that it ls just as important their potential leftist supporters will a. tool of the working class and is u sed in to support those with less popular or l~s close harmony with union and anti-U.S. publicized trials in process or pending. We forget that the March 1970, townhouse struggles. bomb being armed by Ted Gold, Diana feel it is a polit ical contradiction t hat use of This is the Leninist justification of this film excludes many revolutionary wom­ Oughten, Terry Robbins, Kathy Boudin, en, captive BLA and SLA comrades, and Cathy Wilkerson, et al., was an anti­ terror-if terrorist acts are part of a other revolutionaries who are facing reac­ personnel bomb, a bomb being packed socialist "mass struggle" they are a use­ tionary tribunals because of their consistent with nails and staples and bits of metal, ful tactic of the revolution. struggle for revolutionary change. Thore is whose purpose was to launch a reign of The WUO notes that- no practical reason for anyone to be ex­ terror in the northeast United States. Po11tica1 independence for Puerto Rico is cluded. Osawatomie is a keystone to Weather a. first step, the cornerstone • • • . The final Additional distribution of this film could Underground plans to organize a mass objective, following the creation of a demo­ be easily worked out by contacting the movement 1n concentric, protective cir­ cratic workers republic, is the building of POW's [jailed revolutionaries) who have socialism in Puerto Rico. been excluded, and asking them if they cles around the terrorist core, via the would ca.re to use this film as a. means of PFOC organization. Osawatomie serves In its own pronouncements, PSP lead­ bulldlng polit ical and financial su pport for as a forum for disseminating WUO Cen­ ers have made plain that the sort of their trials. Most of the POW's are in contact tral Committee views on many topics: socialism imposed on Cuba is what they with folks on the streets who would be will­ Views which frequently closely coincide are seeking. ing to coordinate its showing in their area. June 4, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16747 The letter was signed by Symbionese volved in the Indochina war; the fighting a. public employment program is non-infla­ Liberation Army members Russell Little, in Laos on the Plain of Jars and else­ tionary. This implies, in turn, that between four and eight million public jobs would be Joe Remiro, Emily Harris and William where was often fierce and devastating. required to achieve the 2 % reduction in the Harris; :tv.tartin Sostre, a revolutionary Many of the Laotian refugees now in the sustainable unemployment rate that the Full who had been given a long prison sen­ United States loyally served the United Employment and Bala.need Growth Act man­ tence after his third felony conviction States and supported our cause. They are dates. At a gross cost to the taxpayers of, for selling heroin; Marilyn Buck; Jomo now richly deserving of our help. say $10,000 per year for ea.ch job, the total Joka Omowale; and Black Liberation gross cost of the public employment pro­ Army members Elmer "Geronimo" visions of the Act would be $40 to $80 billion Pratt, Anthony Bottom, Albert Washing­ per year. The net cost would be less . . . by ton and Henry "Shasha" Brown. VIEWS FROM OFF THE HILL ON perhaps $10 blllion."-Robert E. Hall, Mas­ HUMPHREY-HAWKINS sachusetts Institute of Technology, Commit­ Lest anyone receive the impression tee on Education and Labor, Manpower Sub­ that the Weather Underground's guer­ committee, April 9, 1976. rilla activities have been reduced to On the goal of 3 percent unemployment spray-painting slogans on statues, the HON. MARVIN L. ESCH current Osawatomie repeats the threat OF MICHIGAN "{S. 50) establishes an unemployment tar­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES get which is not likely to be realized, it WUO and Prairie Fire have been making ignores changes in the American economy for the past year: Friday, June 4, 1976 since the passage of the Employment Act; it The official Bicentennial is the ruling-cla:,s Mr. ESCH. Mr. Speaker, the Hum­ establishes cumbersome machinery and by campaign of bread and circuses. * • • The phrey-Hawkins bill has attracted quite falling to define terms, it confuses more than rulers have set the time for the party; let us it clarifies ... bring the fireworks. a lot of attention from leading econo­ "The goal of achieving 8 % adult unemploy­ mists and commentators of several per­ ment within four years is likely to become suasions recently. I would like to insert another unfulfilled promise ..."-Sar A. into the RECORD a sampling of critical Levitan, Director, Center for Social Policy comments directed at the bill from these Studies, George Washington University, be­ HOUSE TO VOTE ON LAOTIAN fore the Committee on Banking, Housing, REFUGEE ASSISTANCE sources. SomE\ of the criticism is derisive, but H.R. 50, unfortunately, is open to and Urban Affairs on the Humphrey-Hawkins such ridicule. The majority of the com­ Amendment, {S. 50), May 21, 1976. HON. RALPH S. REGULA mentary will provide good insight into On the future many aspects of the bill: "Looking at all the parts, the basic ten­ OF OHIO dency of the American economy for the next IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES A VIEW FROM OFF THE HILL five to ten years is not toward a. labor sur­ Friday, June 4, 1976 I. WHAT THE NATION'S ECONOMISTS ARE SAYING plus. Within a year or two, in fa.ct, there a.re On inflation likely to be labor shortages in some crucial Mr. REGULA. Mr. Speaker, on Monday "The critics read like a. 'Who's Who' of areas . . . nevertheless, unemployment is a the House will consider S. 2760, the Sen­ critics of liberal economists: Charles L. 'gut issue', and one must expect politicians ate companion to H.R. 11473, a bill to Schultz of the Brookings Institute, ... his to exploit it."-Peter F. Drucker, "The Un­ amend the Indochina Migration and Brookings Colleague Arthur Okum, former employment Issue", The Wall Street Journal, Refugee Assistance Act to provide for Democratic Chairman of the Council of April 7, 1976. assistance to refugees from Laos. I Economic Advisors; who concedes that the ll. A VIEW FROM THE NATION'S COLUMNISTS strongly urge Members to support this bill is 'beautiful poetry'; Franco Modigliani " ... this legislation reads as though it measure which will not require any new of MIT; former CEA member James Tobin of was drafted by the editorial board of the Yale; Manpower expert Sar Levitan of George National Lampoon."-Nicholas Von Hoffman, funds. Washington University; and Otto Eckstein "Senator Ebullient and His Wishing Well When the Migration and Refugee As­ of Harvard, another Democratic veteran."­ Jobs Plan", The Washington Post, May 5, sistance Act was passed last spring, Lao­ "What Humphrey-Hawkins Means: The full 1976. tians were not included in part to avoid Employment Bill Could Bring Back Double­ "H-H bill is baloney whoever swallows off ending the Government in Vientienne. Dlgit Inflation." Business Week, May 31, it . . . the H-H bill has become a kind of In the interim the domestic political situ­ 1976. talisman in the Presidential campaign. A ation in Laos has changed, making it "At a four percent unemployment rate, talisman is a stone, or ring, or charm that is necessary for a number of Laotians, there ls no question, the American economy supposed to work wonders. It is a source of can be disastrously inflationary . . . I must occult power; it is hocus-pocus, dominicus. many of whom were affiliated with the specifically and deliberately warn my liberal One by one, the Democrats have been put to United States, to leave their homeland. friends not to engage in the wishful eco­ the test: Do you believe in Humphrey-Haw­ The Attorney General has granted nomics that causes them to hope that there is kins?"-James J. Kilpatrick, "H-H Bill is parole authority for 8,100 of these refu­ still undiscovered fiscal or monetary magic Baloney Whoever Swallows It", Washington gees to enter the United States. Unless which will combine low unemployment with Star, May 23, 1976. S. 2760 is promptly passed, these Lao­ a low level of infla.tion."-John Kenneth Gal­ "Planning has no magical precision. More­ tians will not be eligible for any of the braith, testimony before the Committee on over, given the weakness of economic anal­ assistance already given to the Vietnam­ Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs, U.S. ysis in the past decade, there is reason to Senate, on S. 50, the Fair Employment and worry as does AEI resident scholar Willy ese and Cambodians. This makes it hard Bala.need Growth Act, May 21, 1976. Fellner, that forecasts by 'government ex­ for the voluntary agencies to find homes "It is, I believe, in further analysis and perts' ~·111 end in a big disappointment or for the refugees as it places a great fi­ pursuit of anti-inflation steps that the great­ there will be an effort to fake the num­ nancial burden on those families willing est hope lies for achieving the unemploy­ bers."-Hobart Rowen, "Economy: To Plan to take Laotian refugees as part of the ment goals of the bill."-Dr. Alice Rivlin or Not To Plan", Washington Post, April 8, resettlement program. Director, Congressional Budget Office befcr~ 1976. S. 2760, if passed, will enable HEW to the Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, " ... thus the 'H-H Bill', as it is coming and Urban Affairs, May 20, 1976. to be known, is certain to be the key domes­ reimburse State and local governments "The direct and indirect effects of {the tic issue in the fall election, for the Repub­ for benefits provided to the Laotians and wage provisions) on the inflationary prob- . lican leaders are adamantly opposed to it to provide counseling and related services lem would be extremely serious once the bill and prepared to campaign all-out against it. during the readjustment period to run was in full operation. Labor would become The outcome of this knockdown battle could through fiscal year 1977; in the same very scarce over a broad range of semi-skilled very well determine the shape of things to manner as the Vietnamese and Cambodi­ and unskilled jobs in the private industry. come in the United States for a long time."­ ans are already being helped. Wage rates would rise sharply and prices Clayton Fritchey, "The Shape of Things to The Judiciary Committee estimates would follow; the size of the government's Come", The Washington Post, May 23, 1976. job programs would grow rapidly, as work­ "The Humphrey-Hawkins bill is to unem­ that the total cost of this legislation will ers left lower paying private jobs."-State­ ployment what the WIN button was to in­ be $14.9 million. Public Law 94-23 au­ ment of Charles L. Schultz, Brookings Insti­ fla tion."-Herbert Stein, "Legislating an End thorized a total of $455 million for refu­ tute, before the Senate Committee on Public to Unemployment", The Wall Street Journal, gee assistance, of which approximately Welfare, May 14, 1976. April 14, 1976. $53 million remains. The money to aid On public service employment Ill. A WORD FROM THE NATION'S EDITORIAL the Laotians would be drawn from these "In my opinion, the evidence supports the WRITERS funds. view that between a quarter and a half of "Are we, then to have added to an already The people of Laos were heavily in- the nduction in unemployment achieved by overstuffed bureaucracy another layer of 16748 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1976 well-pa.id public servants contributing virtu­ the danger of these hazards as they may naive and unaware of the deceptive nature ally nothing to dislodge from the public teat. be held liable for injuries suffered by of the Communist aggressors, in carrying out Is this the definition of 'balanced growth' ac­ the postal carrier on their property. their political psychological warfare to lay cording to HRH and H? the groundwork for the communization of " ... Humphrey-Hawkins adds up like any This so-called economy mandate once the whole world, the delegates resolved to other numbers game: the players almost al­ again mandates the postal management's keep up vigilance against the "united front ways lose."-"Cost of HHH's Job Bill", The lack of regard for the concerns and the tactics" of the Communists. St. Paul Dispatch, May 25, 1976. rights of both postal carriers and prop­ It was reaffirmed that stricter vigilance and "The question is whether the country can erty owners, and it is further proof that firmer solidarity among the free and peace­ establish full employment, permanently, and something must be done if the U.S. Postal loving peoples of the world and staunchness with stability, by enacting a. law that re­ Service is going to truly provide a serv­ in their determination to safeguard freedom and national independence are the most quires it. The answer, as you probably ex­ ice. pected, is that it cannot, not without either effective means to defeat the international a dangerous inflation of iron-clad wage con­ Communist conspiracy. trols."-Editorial-The Washington Post, It was also ascertained that unity of pur­ March 16, 1976. JOINT COMMUNIQUE pose among free peoples should be demon­ "The new revised version of the Humphrey­ strated through concrete and organized ac­ Hawk.ins blll that is now before Congress has tions condemning the inhuman barbarous only one virtue. It is not a.s bad as the old HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI acts of the Communists and thoroughly foil­ unrevised version."-Editorial-The Wall OF Il.LINOIS ing their deceitful campaigns. Street Journal, May 20, 1976. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mindful of the !act that the Korean pen­ "The bill would necessitate a.n undeter­ insula is the place where the threat of Com­ mined but considerable a.mount of political Friday, June 4, 1976 munist aggression is among the most serious manipulation of the monetary and interest Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, the in Asia, the delegates expressed profound rate policies of the Federal Reserve Boa.rd. admiration for the firm determination and Some fellow in the White House basement ... World Anti-Communist League, in coor­ courage of the people of the Republic of might be making monetary policy. If that dination with the Asian Peoples' Anti­ Korea, under the outstanding anti-Commu­ happens we might be well advised to swap communist League, met recently in nist leadership of President Park Chung Hee, our wallets for wheelbarrows."-Editorial­ Seoul, capital of the Republic of Korea. who are exerting all-out efforts to defend The Washington Star, May 7, 1976. There were 310 delegates jl,nd observers peace and freedom in the face of the sinister "The major opposition seems to come ... from 61 nations and 10 international southward invasion scheme of the north from a variety of mainstream economlsts­ organizations in attendance. A commu­ Korean Communists who a.re among the most both Democratic and Republican, who con­ nique was issued at the close of the con­ militant and barbarous in the ranks of the spiculously have not flocked to endorse the international Communists. package . . . This no doubt is not the first ference, and recognizing the interest the Through the conferences, the W ACL/ time that salable campaign politics has con­ Members of Congress have in this active APACL succeeded in further enhancing the flicted With economic reality. But there's no organization, I insert the communique in general desires of the present age to safe­ sense in risking the undoing of a steady re­ the RECORD: guard freedom, national independence and covery for the sake of a grandiose political JomT CoMMUNIQUE-9TH WACL/22ND APACL democracy, and resolved to consolidate the promise . . ."-Art Pine, "Federal Jobs Blll CONFERENCES, SEOUL, REPUBLIC OF KOREA, free world cooperative bonds for the destruc­ Might Bring on a. New Recession", The Balti­ MAY 1-3, 1976 tion of international Communism. more Sun, April 12, 1976. The World Anti-Communist League The next WACL/APACL Conferences will {WACL) and the Asian Peoples' Anti-Com­ be held in the first half of 1977. munist League (APACL) met in Seoul, capi­ The delegates expressed sincere gratitude tal of the Republic of Korea, jointly for their !or the hospitality and cooperation extended U.S. POSTAL SERVICE MANAGE­ 9th and 22nd General Conference on May 1-3, for the conferences by the Government and MENT FORGETS ABOUT SERVICE 1976. Present were 310 delegates and observ­ people of the Republic of Korea and also ers from 61 national member units and 10 showed their appreciation for the Korean international organizational member units in Anti-Communist League's endeavors in pre­ HON. JERRY PATTERSON Asia, the MiddlP- East, Australia., North Amer­ paring the conferences. rli. ica, Latin America, Europe and Africa. They PLANS AND ACTIONS OF CALIFORNIA reviewed the international situation; pointed For effective handling of the present world IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES out what action should be taken for free situation, the WACL/APACL Conferences Friday, June 4, 1976 world security, national independence, free­ have resolved the following: dom and peace; and in the n1Une of both or­ (1) Stop thinking about winning the Mr. PATI'ERSON of California. Mr. ganizations formulated various plans and Chinese Communists over the containment Speaker. it has recently come to my at­ made requests for joint endeavors to defeat of Russia. Any attempts to pit the Chinese tention that the management of the U.S. international Communism. Communists against the Russians is a re­ Postal Service has issued an order direct­ Messages to the conferences from H. E. sult of inadequate understanding about their President Park Chung Hee of the Republic of nature and will provide additional impetus ing postal carriers to walk across people's Korea, other heads of State and polltie&l for their race to destroy the free world. lawns, rather than using sidewalks or leaders of various countries gave great en­ (2) Promote the establishment of a West­ streets to go from house to house. couragement to the freedom-loving peoples ern Pacific island chain of defense. Support Confidence in our postal system is at of the world. should be positively given to the Republic of an all-time low, and the prospect of At the conferences the delegates confirmed Korea., Japan and the Republic of China. for trampled yards and paths cut across that the international Communists are now­ enhancement of their political, economic and lawns cannot please property owners. adays increasingly desperate because of the defense cooperation with the United States deepened contradictions and discords within and other free nations of the Asian-Paclflc Nor can it please the mailmen who con­ their own system combined with the growing region. sider the residents their customers. unrest of the captive peoples. They sternly (3) Promote peace and freedom in the The Postal Service management is condemned the brutal barbarous acts typi­ Middle East. For the protection of peace and claiming that the move should increase fied by the inhuman massacres of innocent freedom and for their common goals of de­ the speed and efficiency of the :qiail serv­ citizens committed recently by the Commu­ velopment and prosperity, these free nations ice, and nearly everyone could agr~e that nists. of the area should be united strongly against such improvement is needed. However, I It was also confirmed that the interna­ Communism. seriously doubt that the performance of tional Communists are using "detente" be­ (4) Stand !or the dissolution of the Rus­ tween Ea.st and West not as a means of main­ sian colonial empire-the U.S.S.R. and its the postal carriers is causing the delays taining true peace but as an instrument of satellites-strongly supporting the heroic in service that now exist. their expansionist policy to impose the Com­ struggle for national independence and The move appears to be an effort to put munist system of enslavement on free socl­ freedom !or all the enslaved nations, Uke more work on each letter carrier, to elim­ ties everywhere. It was especially noted that Ukraine, Byelorussia., Lithuania, Latvia, Es­ inate routes and to reduce the work force. such expansionist policy ls developing in the tonia, Georgia, Azerba.idzhan, Armenia, Rather than improving mail service, the form of intensive psychological warfare on Northern Caucasus, Turkestan, Bulgaria, pastal management seems intent on cut­ the political front. Roumanla, Hungary, Czechia., Slovakia, Po­ Realizing thaJt for the purpose of bringing ting it back. land, Croatia., Albania, Cuba and othel'8. about the internal split and collapse of anti­ (5) Condemn Communist Russian neo­ In addition, lawns abound with sprin­ Communist forces in free democratic soci­ colonialism, neo-lmpertalism, ethnocide, lln­ kler heads, gopher holes, and a variety of eties, the international Communists are tak­ guicide, Russlfica.tion of the subjugated na­ other dangers which are safety hazards ing advantage of the indiscreet behavior and tions, enforced deportation to far corners of for the mailmen. Property owners share remarks of the so-called liberals, who a.re the U.S.S.R. and mixing up of the same peo- June 4, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16749 ples in order to form the so-called "So­ could study the documentation and recom­ Without a doubt, Dr. Sachs has led a viet"-in reality to merge them into the mendations and consider what action should full and exemplary career. It is a great Russian people-which would be e

TITLE Cranston (S.1174) Mosher (H.B. 13845) Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act. National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Conference Act of 1976. FINDINGS Program based upon Federal research could be cost-effective when Expertise/responsib111ty for hazards reduction dispersed through viewed against potential earthquake loss. private/public sector. Priority is to focus on organizational structure.

PURPOSE Establish an earthquake hazards reduction program. Establish a. national Earthquake Hazards Reduction Conference (a management structure for national program).

DEFINrrIONE Defines: Defines: National Advisory Committee Earthquake prediction Seismic Earthquake warning Authenticated prediction Earthquake modification

PROVISIONS• Goal-to develop a. national program. Goal-to provide management structure for a national program. Method-President shall, by rule, specify lead agency, assign roles Method-Assemble a conference from heads of existing programs, to other agencies, to coordinate a.net staff a program to establish a to formulate/coordinate national program including mechanisms for prediction system, recommend land use policy, and conduct earth authenticating predictions, and coordinating efforts in the earth science research. science, legal, social, insurance, tax, and international areas. PARTICIPANTS* Specified involvement from among 9 Federal groups plus state, Speclfied representatives from 23 Federal groups, and Congres- local, private sectors. sional, state, local, private academic sectors.

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE• National Science Foundation to implement basic research. Conference to develop/coordinate national program and establlsh a mechanism for authenticating earthquake predictions. U.S. Geological Survey to develop prediction system, monitoring Membership specified form: 23 involved Federal agencies, 6 ap­ systems and conduct other research. pointed from private/publlc, etc., 4 non-voting Congressional repre­ President to appoint agency/task force to develop national pro- sentatives. gram. Duration of terms specified. Compensation speclfied• • Executive Committee-Established from within Conference with specified operating procedures.

ADVISORY COMMITTEE Establish National Advisory Commfttee on Earthquake Hazard None-function performed by Conference. Reduction to advise President composed of fifteen (15) members ap­ pointed by President. Duration of terms-unspeclfied. Compensation-unspecified.

REPORTS Annual report by President to Congress. Annual report to President and Congressional committees. After 18 months, evaluation of current technology status and rec­ ommended legislation. After 24 months, evaluation of all relevant Federal statutes and law, recommended new legislation. AUTHORIZATION Fiscal year 1977------$40, 000, 000 Fiscal year 1977------$2, ooo, ooo Fiscal year 1978------50,000,000 Fiscal year 1978------3,000,000 Fiscal year 1979------60,000,000 Fiscal year 1979------4,000,000 Fiscal year 1980------Fiscal year 1980------5,000,000

PERSONAL EXPLANATION Administration Authorization fiscal year law revision counsel to prepare and pub­ 1977-yea. lish the District of Columbia code-yea. Roll No. 292 consideration of H.R. Roll No. 298 H.R. 11009, amended, pro­ HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI 12677-yea. OF KENTUCKY viding an independent audit of the Roll No. 293 H.R. 12677 Alcohol Abuse financial condition of the Government IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and Alcoholism Amendments of 1976- of the District of Columbia-yea. Friday, June 4, 1976 yea. Roll No. 299 House Resolution 1190 Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, due to re­ Roll No. 294 H.R. 12679 extension of the rule under which H.R. 6810 was con­ sponsibilities in my district I was not program for health services research sidered-yea. present to vote on matters coming before and statistics and medical libraries-no. Roll No. 300 H.R. 6810 authorization this body on May 21, 24, and 25. Had I Roll No. 295 H.R. 12679 health services for an additional Assistant Secretary of been here I would have voted as follows: research and statistics and medical li­ Commerce-no. Roll No. 291 conference report on H.R. braries-yea. Roll No. 302 H.R. 10138 creating the 12453 National Aeronautics and Spac~ Roll No. 297 H.R. 13121 directing the Young Adult Conservation Corps-yea. June 4, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16751 Roll No. 303 House Resolution 1214 ures, sleeplessness, devotion, love . . . the After Korea, I worked for the United Na­ human experiences and emotions of this tic,ns a.nd later for a.n airline. I had the op­ the rule under which H.R. 12945 was earth and of one's self and of other men portunity to travel widely throughout Eu­ considered-yea. and, perhaps too, a. little faith and a. little rope, the Middle Ea.st, the Far Ea.st, and reverence for the things you cannot see." Asia. I observed then a.s I have on subsequent So, let me share with you this morning trips abroad, that the real threat to civiliza­ HELEN MEYNER GIVES COMMENCE­ some of my own perceptions distilled from tion on this planet is not communism. The MENT ADDRESS those human experiences. real danger to liberty ls not Russian imperial­ I am serving my first term as a member of ism or Chinese revolution. The real threat to Congress. I suppose you could call me a. fresh­ mankind ls ignorance and poverty, hunger HON. LEE H. HAMILTON person. As you may know, my husband and disease. The salvation of this planet OF INDIANA served two terms as Governor of New Jersey. demands that we work together, as people IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Like just about every politician's wife, I used and as governments, to heal, to feed, to to be introduced a.s "Governor Meyner's clothe, and to educate the poor of the world. Friday, June 4, 1976 lovely wife, Helen." In my own campaign for It is a glaring, tragic fa.ct that while we Congress, I would often say that I was look­ sit here, comfortable, affluent, and more or Mr. HAMil,TON. Mr. Speaker, I would less overfed, much of humanity scrabbles like to call to the attention of my col­ ing forward to the day when my spouse and I would finally be introduced as "The Con­ daily to stave off terminal starvation. I find leagues an excellent commencement ad­ gresswoman and her lovely husband, Bob." it shocking that our country, with less than dress given by our colleague, HELEN MEY­ I'm still waiting. 6% of the world's population, consumes more NER. Her address, given a few days ago at My new status has generated some con­ than 50 % of the world's resources. This in­ the Princeton Theological Seminary, fusion a.s to how we should be addressed. equity ls especially disturbing in the light touches on the status of women and A lot of people are puzzled, for instance, of runaway population growth. The world's about how to address Christmas cards to us. population is expected to double by the year American food aid. Her broader topic, 2000. And, no one knows how they are going however, is human compassion and indi­ After my election, we received cards ad­ dressed to "Representative Meyner and ex­ to be fed or whether this planet can support vidual responsibility, and she closes her Governor Meyner", "Former Governor and their staggering numbers. address by perceptively noting that- Congressperson-elect Meyner", and "The As if that weren't enough, there have been our mission-yours as ministers of the Honorable Meyners." And, a. Republican some frightening long-range predictions re­ church and IQ.ine as a. Member of Congress­ friend simply wrote "The Meyners" on the cently. The World Meteor-o-logical Organiz­ must be to try to rekindle in Americans that envelope; and inside, the note said, "Two ation warns that the earth may be under­ sense of community spirit a.nd individual Honorables under one roof are one too many, going the greatest climatic change since 1700. responsibility which have traditionally been especially when they're both Democrats." A recent government study predicted a polit­ our greatest virtues and our greatest sources Still, underneath the wry amusement, one ical and economic upheaval almost "beyond of strength. Without them, we are pointless; feels a special responsibility as a woman in comprehension" because of a. period of bad with them, there is nothing we cannot ac­ Congress. Women continue to be terribly weather already begun that may well last for complish. under-represented in government. There is centuries. They predict major fa.mines in not one woman in the United States Senate India and in China resulting in the deaths Mrs. MEYNER's address follows: and only 19 women in the House of Repre­ of millions of people. A COMMENCEMENT ADDRESS FOR THE PRINCE­ sentatives out of 435 Members, so you are The American response to this crisis is ob­ TON THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY, PRINCETON, now looking at over 5 % of the women in viously critical. Our country ls still the rich­ N.J., JUNE 2, 1976 Congress. We need far more women in busi­ est, most powerful nation in the world, as well as the world's biggest food producer. (By HELEN STEVENSON MEYNER) ness and professional fields, not only to pro­ The response of our government has often President 'McCord, Trustees, Members of vide the unique perspective of women, but also to provide the role models that young been disappointing. The United States has the Faculty, Guests, and Friends, and espe­ contributed $172 billion in foreign a.id over cially the graduating class of 1976, I a.m de­ women need to fully appreciate the oppor­ tunities available to them. the past thirty years. Much of that aid went lighted and honored to be here this morn­ to reconstruct Europe and Japan after World ing. There is a.t least one profession where the status of women is more dismal than in vl/ar II. The Marshall Plan was a superb I was particularly delighted to be able to example of what an aid program could ac­ respond to Dr. McCord's invitation to deliver government ... and that's the ministry. I asked Dr. MacLeod if he could provide me complish. the commencement address, because he has But over the decades, aid delivered to many been a. very good friend of mine for many with figures on how much the number of women enrolled a.t the Seminary increased of the less-developed countries was often years. And, I am greatly pleased to return squandered by corrupt recipient govern­ to the institution which my grandfather, J. during the 22-year presidency of my grand­ father. He informed me that the number ments, diverted to showcase projects for the Ross Stevenson, loved 'a.nd which he served greater glory of local tyrants, or misdirected as President for 22 yea.rs, from 1914 to 1936. of women enrolled during those years sky­ rocketed from zero to nothing. in.to inappropriate uses of Western technol­ He and other predecessors a.t this podium -0gy. Through bitter experience, we began to have been remarkable for their scholarship, It is a little better now. Women this year constitute about 20 % of your enrollment. realize that food aid often prolonged the de­ eloquence, and inspiration. pendency of recipient countries instead of Being neither a theologian nor a. scholar, I Surely, it ts past time for us to bury the idea that only men can minister to the encouraging them to increase their own agri­ asked some Presbyterian friends what I cultural production. should say this morning. I asked them if I spiritual needs of human beings. So far as should make thoughtful observations about has been determined, there ls nothing a.bout The Food for Peace program, begun with the weighty issues of the day or try to be the Y chromosome that indicates a special so much hope and idealism under the Ken­ witty, light, and clever. They advised me divine dispensation in this regard. It should nedy Admlntstration, degenerated into a that I should do neither . . . just be your­ be self-evident that greater participation by means of unloading price-depressing agri­ self, Helen, they said to me ... I'm begin­ women in the ministry wlll enrich its quality cultural surpluses. Too often it was used to and enhance the church's abillty to respond support unpalatable governments or gov­ ning to wonder about my Presbyterian ernments which should have been unpalat­ friends. to the complex and profound spiritual needs However, I do believe that I have one vir­ of all people. able. tue as a public speaker-A firm belief in In addition to my concern for the status The case of Chile is an example. Congress brevity. Politicians and ministers have in of women, I have been especially active as a instituted controls on a.id to Chile in 1974 common a tendency to go on too long. Some­ member of Congress in the area of American after the military junta overthrew the Al­ one once said that there a.re three kinds of foreign policy. I am a. member of the Inter­ lende government there. Food for Peace aid commencement speeches-good, bad, and fif­ national Relations Committee, which exer­ immediately skyrocketed from $3.2 million teen minutes. You'll have to be the judge cises primary House responsib111ty in the to $52.1 million. Almost all of this aid has of the first two this morning and I'll try to field of foreign affairs. My own interest in been under Title I, which means a cash grant stick to the third category. foreign affairs is longstanding and was trig­ to the Chilean government to be used in any It would be futile and presumptuous of gered initially by the year and a half I spent way they choose. In spite of the fact that me to give you a lot of unsolicited advice. with the American Red Cross in Korea dur­ four other La.tin American countries have Adla.1 Stevenson, dismissed that idea in a ing the Korean War. I had the opportunity been designated as "most seriously affected" commencement speech he once gave with there to observe war up close, to witness the nations by the U.N., Chile received 86% of the following words: naked horror and ultimate futility of com­ the Food for Peace a.id in Latin America in 1975. As Tom Wicker of the New York Times "If I would guide you, I could not. What bat, and the terrible, dreadful waste of wrote, the Food for Peace program has be­ a man knows a.t fifty that he did not know human life. What I learned there-a lesson at twenty is, for the most part, incommuni­ that was brought home to me again with the come a "Food for Politics" program under cable. The knowledge he has acquired with agony of Vietnam-was that war is no solu­ Secretary of State Kissinger. age is not the knowledge of formulas, or tion, that no nation-including this one-­ Fortunately, Congress has taken matters forms, or words, but of people, places, ac­ has so absolute a grip on absolute truth that into its own hands in the past year and ini­ tion . . . a knowledge not gained by words, it ts entitled to impose its idea of what is tiated "new directions" in our foreign aid but by touch, sight, sound, victories, fail- right on another nation. program. For the first time, the International 16752 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1976

Relations Committee has separated develop­ together on this small, finite planet where, in 1980 as established by the Clean Air Act ment assistance from military assistance. in the words of John Donne, "Any ma.n's of 1970. Unfortunately, we stlll provide far more mili­ death diminishes me because I a.m involved The system produced these air quality re­ tary aid than we do development aid, but the in mankind.'' sults while achieving higher fuel economy qualit y of our development programs has Our sense of worth, even our salvatlon­ than Volvos currently sold outside Califor­ greatly improved. as individuals, as a people, as a na.tion­ nia which have significantly higher emission We are placing greater stress now on in­ depends upon a. restoration of our sense of levels. The anticipated. cost increase for the creasing the a.blllty of the rural poor to raise compassion, of community, of ca.ring. Ca.ring new system is between $25 and $50 per car. their own agricultural production a.nd util­ matters most. "These reports show that the Waxma.n­ ize so-called "intermediate technologies" bur mission-yours as ministers of the Maguire amendment sets automobile emis­ which are more adaptable to local conditions. church and mine as a Member of Congress-­ sion goals which are feasible and wise," said We have insisted that more assistance be must be to try to rekindle in Americans that Bryne. "There is no reason to delay reaching delivered directly to needy people instead sense of community spirit and individual re­ our national goal of cleaner air through to a succession of middlemen in national sponsibllity which have traditionally been strong automobile mission controls. I am governments. A cooperative program between our greatest virtues and our greatest sources pleased that New Jersey industry has played American and foreign land-grant colleges of strength. Without them, we are pointless; a key role in this technological advance. This h as been initiated. Congress has now man­ with them, there is nothing we cannot ac­ development again shows the basic compatl­ dat ed that 75 % of all Food for Peace aid complish. bllity between our economic and environ­ sh all go to the "most seriously affected" na­ If you can do this, if we together ca.n do mental interests." tions, regardless of political imperatives. this, then we ca.n sa.y, with Wllllam Faulk­ Byrne praised Maguire for his efforts in I have championed the greater use of pri­ ner: "To the last red a.nd dying evening, the Congressional review of the proposed vate voluntary agencies in our foreign a.id mankind will prevail." amendments to the Clean Air Act: program. As a result, a much higher percent­ "Congressman Maguire has worked hard age of our foreign aid wlll now go through to produce a blll which meets New Jersey's international organizations and private agen­ needs," he said. "I am confident that his work cies, such a.s the UN Development Program, with the aid of other members of the Con­ CARE, Planed Parenthood, the Catholic Re­ THE NEED FOR EFFECTIVE STAND­ gressional Delegation will result in legisla­ lief Service, and the Red Cross. There are ARDS FOR AUTOMOBILE POLLU­ tion which gives us cleaner air while pro­ organizations currently in place in many TION moting the technological achievements which needy countries, some church-related, that spur our economic growth." are run by deeply dedicated men and women. They administer aid efficiently and have the HON. ANDREW MAGUIRE STATEMENT OF NEW JERSEY SENATE PRESIDENT trust of the people they serve. It seemed to OF NEW JERSEY MATTHEW FELDMAN me that we ought to take ad.vantage of this IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I am pleased to join the League for Con­ dedicated professional network to ensure Friday, June 4, 1976 servation Legislation in expressing support most effective use of our a.id. for a Federal Clean Air Act. Although I have spoken primarily about Mr. MAGUIRE. Mr. Speaker, Congress The legislation proposed by the Waxman­ the role of government in addressing world will shortly consider amendments to the Maquire amendment ls particularly signifi­ food problems, I cannot over-emphasize that cant for New Jersey. private efforts are vitally important. Because Clean Air Act as reported by the Commit­ tee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, Our State is the most densely populated of our committee's work, the federal gov­ and most highly industrialized state in the ernment llas finally begun to acknowledge of which I am a member. country. It also serves as the main corridor the effectiveness of private voluntary agen­ Congressman WAXMAN and I will be of­ between Boston and Washington. As such, cies in administering aid a.broad. I hope that fering an amendment to the bill to pro­ it has become an often visible receptable for we will never reach the day when American vide for some relaxation of the sched­ air contaminents from both industry and citizens look to their government as the ule for attainment of the toughest emis­ transportation. sole source of charity at home and a.broad. sion standards set in the Clean Air Act, It is no coincidence that New Jersey ranks We need to further strengthen the fine hu­ but at the same time safeguard the pub­ high in the occurence of cancer among its manitarian efforts of religious and charitable lic health consistent with our technologi­ citizens. Nor is it so unusual to note the agencies throughout the world. deterioration of crops and the contamina­ Our total aid commitment ls still inade­ cal capabilities. We urge Members to sup­ tion of 11 vestock. quate. Several European countries and OPEC port our amendment in preference to the With this clearly in mind, we must seek members rank far above the United States committee bill which weakens the sched­ an amalgamation of industry, and transpor­ in Foreign Aid as a percentage of gross na­ ule in the Clean Air Act far beyond what tation With environmental conservation and tion product. Father Hesburg of Notre Dame is reasonably warranted. human preservation. recently noted that "when you stop to think New Jersey Gov. Brendan Byrne has To begin, there must be uniform national that we are spending about as much on the endorsed the Waxman-Maguire amend­ standards for clean air ... this, to discour­ total aid we give to the whole world as we ment. Matthew Feldman, president of age the drift of industries to other states do on potted plants, that doesn't say much where they can comfortably resume activity for us. We are spending four times as much the New Jersey State Senate, has issued because of relaxed air pollution standards. on tobacco and eight times as much on alco­ a statement endorsing the amendment. New Jersey's efforts to upgrade its environ­ hol as we are on helping the poor of the New Jersey Assembly minority leader mental standards has been meaningf~, but world. I think that should remind us as a Thomas H. Kean has called for the New will lose impact unless every state is re­ Christian nation, in the Judeo-Christlan Jersey congressional delegation to sup­ quired to do the same. tradition, that we are a long way from our port various "amendments to strengthen The League for Conservation Legislation's basic ideals of loving our neighbor." greatly the Federal Clean Air Act." efforts clearly reflect the interest in the well­ It is critically important that we inject a being of New Jersey's citizens. They have my new moral vision into our nation's foreign I believe these statements will be of support. policy. Soon perhaps, we will have a President interest to Members: and a Secretary of State who are deeply con­ FROM THE OFFICE OF THE GoVERNOR STATEMENT OF ASSEMBLY MINORrrY LEADER cerned about human suffering even when Governor Brendan Byrne today cited test THOMAS H . KEAN REGARDING FEDERAL CLEAN it is not strategically important. I look for­ results of a new automobile emission con­ AIR ACT AMENDMENTS ward to the day when this rich nation wm trol system as evidence supporting strong I would like to thank the League for Con­ choose to fight economic injustice as well emission standards in the proposed amend­ servation Legislation for this opportunity to as political oppression, will export food and ments to the Clean Air Act now pending join with them in support of a strong fed­ technology with the same ardor we now ex­ before the Congress. eral Clean Air Act. I am disturbed by a pend on the export of military hardware, wlll Byrne reaffirmed his earlier endorsement number of provisions in the bills as reported give priority to food, not guns. Surely no of a proposal by Rep. Andrew Maguire of out of committee in both the United States other vision could be more noble or timely New Jersey and Rep. Henry A. Waxman of Senate and House of Representatives. As than this. California. to restore the schedule for com­ these bills now stand, they would weaken We seem far from this ideal. America is pliance in the Clean Air Act to require all federal environmental controls, signlflcantly said to be tn a selfish, private mood. Ameri­ cars in the nation to meet strict emission decrease the environmental quality in New cans seem to want to be left a.lone, to "get levels in 1978. Jersey, and possibly ca.use the erosion of government off their backs", to reduce the According to test results on the 1977 Volvo, jobs from our State. amount of their tax dollars going to the released yesterday by the California. Air Re­ It ls my fervent hope that the New Jersey poor and hungry here and abroad. sources Board, the new system developed by congressional delegation will stand together So I leave you with one message: use your Engelhard Industries of Edison, New Jersey on a bl-partisan basis to strengthen the ministry to bring out the compassion in for Volvo's four-cylinder models, met Cali­ legislation in a number of ways. Specifically, people. Help people to realize that we cannot fornia's stringent 1977 standards and also I would urge our delegation to support choose not to be involved. We are involved complied with the standards to be achieved amendments to set nationwide emission June 4, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16753 standards for industries, to provide that all The Sonnenfeldt doctrine, he said, "reflects tion, cannot be either the architect or the ex­ 1978 automobiles meet the pollution stand­ the state of mind of the Secretary of State." ecutor of a foreign policy suited to the Ameri­ ards currently in effect in California, to The ideas It articulates "can only spring can character and to the Imperative needs of provide early compliance with transportation from a deep despair, a profound pessimism, the free world today. That is why he is des­ control plans for urban areas, to enact in­ and a lack cf understanding of the true tined to be an albatross around the Presi­ direct source controls to encourage devel­ strengths of the American people or the dent's neck. We need not pragmatism, but a opers to locate new facllltles in existing strengths and weaknesses of the American convincing commitment to Idea.ls. We need urban areas, and to protect areas which are political process." not a self-fulfilling pessimism, but a con­ now cleaner than Federal primary standards "We need not a self-fulfilling pessimism, tagious self-confidence as we affirm our in­ require from significant degredation. but a. contagious self-confidence as we affirm tention to work however patiently, however The citizens of the State of New Jersey our intention to work however patiently, prudently, for the ultimate triumph of the have shown their support for clean air and however prudently, for the ultimate triumph humane Ideals we believe in over the In­ a. healthy environment time and time again of the humane ideals we believe in over the humane conditions of a totalitarian state. through the years. I trust that our congres­ inhumane conditions of a totalitarian state." But given Henry Kissinger's "mind set," sional delegation will show no less resolve "We can restore the confidence of our al­ the role of American foreign policy on the In supporting amendments to strengthen lies, he said, "and enlist the essential sup­ international scene has become essentially a great1y the federal Clean Air Act. port of the American people, if we will once negative one, its primary purpose to buy again affirm the national commitment to the time, to negotiate for our people the best ideals of freedom that the Soviets dally dem­ terms possible from positions of decreasing onstrate in the pursuit of its destruction." strength. SENATOR BUCKLEY LABELS KISSIN­ Below a.re excerpts from Sena.tor Buckley's And, this, I believe, is one of the dangers in speech: the sphere-of-influence politics we have been GER ALBATROSS AROUND PRESI­ attempting to play. Such an approach, de­ DENT'S NECK Too many Americans, encouraged by the recent shape of our diplomacy, have lost pending as it does on apparent contradiction sight of a basic truth-the struggle in which and rapid maneuver, is hardly designed to we are engaged is a struggle between good mobllize the support of the Amerlcn public, HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK and evil. Evil, the philosophers have told us let alone their willingness to sacriflce for it. OF OHIO for centuries, is an active force, and all that This, I believe, ls the inevitable weakness IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES it needs to triumph, as Burke tells us, is for of any foreign policy that is played out good men to do nothing. against a backdrop devoid of defining prin­ Friday, June 4, 1976 And this is where our foreign policy has ciple. And such a policy is extremely danger­ Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, my been blind to ultimate reality. It is a policy ous when our adversaries suffer from no such friend and colleague in the Congress, based on the belief, as Solzhenitsyn puts it, handicap. that as long as we have freedom, we can Our adversary makes no bones about it. Senator JAMES BUCKLEY, has made a very The fololwing statement, for instance, taken thorough and accurate appraisal of the let the others have pragmatism. It is a policy that purges spiritual or moral considera­ from Pravda in 1973 when detente was flour­ disastrous foreign policy of Dr. Kissinger. tions from the equation of international pol­ ishing, spells It oui: He details the record of our Secretary of itics. "Only naive people can expect the recogni­ State in a most illuminating manner and That, I believe, is the only way in which tion of the principles of coexistence by the raises questions of policy which unfor­ the so-called Sonnenfeldt Doctrine-or per­ ca.pita.lists can weaken the main contradic­ haps more accurately the Klssinger-Sonnen­ tion of our times between capitalism and so­ tunately get little attention in our liberal cialism, so that the ideological struggle will dominated press. feldt Doctrine--can be explained. However be weakened." In fact, I have seen very little mention unintentionally revealed, however informal Its presentation, the Doctrine nevertheless That is what detente means to our ad­ of this outstanding statement in any of explains and makes explicit something many versaries, and their actions are consistent, the media despite its clear relevance to of us have long believed to be impllcit in motivated by an active principle. the debates of the day in the Congress. our approach to foreign policy. As we haven't Our foreign policy was once motivated by For that reason, I include the press re­ a similarly active principle. We once be­ the power to roll back the Soviet imperial lieved, as Solzhenitsyn puts it, that freedom lease that the New York Senat;or's office presence in Eastern Europe, we must appease was indivisible. We took a moral attitude to­ issued with these remarks. it. More than that, we must legitimize its ward freedom, and our, foreign policy thus I have never been fooled by Mr. Kis­ control over what not too long ago our Pres­ had consistency, cohesion, and direction. And singer. I opposed his nomination. I op­ idents were calling "the captive nations." because we had a sense of purpose, because Not only ls Soviet hegemony over those na­ posed his confirmation. His duplicity, de­ tions tacitly encouraged, but it becomes tacit we understood the true nature of the strug­ ceit, and double standards have been ex­ American policy to resist, as destabilizing, gle in which we had been engaged, we were posed in this record on many occasions any attempt by any one of them to break wllling to build a position of unquestioned by me. I know of no basic American in­ free of the Soviet orbit. military strength, and had the wlll to utilize that strength In the defense of freedom. terest he has not willingly bargained As the political philosopher James Burn­ We can restore that will and the credibil­ away whether it be in the areas of de­ ham put It, we seem to be urging upon the ity of our military power; we can restore the fense, trade concessions, SALT, the Pan­ nations of Eastern Europe the acceptance of the classic principle--"if rape is inevi­ confidence of our allies, and enlist the essen­ ama Canal, the Middle East, or else­ tial support of the American people, if we where. We have Communist China in the table, relax and enjoy it." will once again affirm the same national Now, it is true that the Sonnenfeldt Doc­ commitment to the ideal of freedom that United Nations and an old ally, Nation­ trine has been officially repudiated. The alist China, on the sidelines due to Mr. the Soviets dally demonstrate in the pursuit United States, we are told, totally opposes of its destruction. Kissinger. He is a liability to this country so-called spheres of influence by any power, and to his constitutional superior, the and strongly supports the aspirations for This ls the challenge we face, the chal­ President of the United States. freedom and national independence in East­ lenge we must meet for the most pragmatic I include Senator BucKLEY's remarks ern Europe. But foreign policy represents of reasons, If you will, because our survival something substantially more than the sum depends on it. But we wlll meet that chal­ at this point: total of all the official pronouncements and lenge only If we will rediscover our secret BUCKLEY ScORES CURRENT FOREIGN POLICY; treaties and positions that are issued or nego­ weapon-the ideals written into the Declara­ LABELS KISSINGER 'ALBATROSS' AROUND PRES­ tiated in its name. A foreign policy develops tion of Independence that set sparks of hope IDENT'S NECK Its own tone and it generates certain percep­ flying from the new world across the oceans Senator James L. Buckley (C-R, N.Y.) to­ tions at home and abroad that are the reality two hundred years ago, Igniting the fires of day said that the world outlook of Secre­ of that policy. The Sonnenfelt Doctrine re­ liberty in the old. The ideals of liberty and tary of State Henry Kissinger disqualifies flects the reality of our current policy. It has human dignity have not lost their power him from being "either the architect or the the ring of authenticity about It that state­ over the hearts and minds of men and executor of a foreign policy suited to the ments of official policy to the contrary can­ women everywhere, even those living under American character and the imperative needs not dispel. For It reflects the state of mind the most ruthless despotisms. So long as we of the world today." of the Secretary of State, his point o! view, remain strong and faithful to our own best "That is why Henry Kissinger, he said, is his perception of American will. traditions, we will be able to galvanize the destined to be an albatross around the Presi­ That, I believe, ls the only way to explain forces of freedom here and a.broad against dent's neck." the Sonnenfeldt Doctrine, for the ideas it ar­ the spread of Soviet imperialism, and we can American foreign policy, he told guests at ticulates oan only spring from a deep despair, sustain the hope that in God's good time a luncheon o! the American Defense Pre­ a profound pessimism, a.nd la.ck of under­ will guarantee that its frontiers will be rolled paredness Association in Washington, "has standing of the true strengths of the Ameri­ back. become essentially a nea.,atlve one, its primary can people or the strengths and weaknesses of This is why the shape of our foreign pollcy purpose to buy time, to negotiate for our the American political process. in the next few years may well determine the people the best terms possible from positions This also explains why it is that Henry fate of the free world, why we must main­ or decreasing strength." Kissinger, for all his brllliance and dedica- tain the unchallengeable power to meet any 16754 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1976 threat wherever it is launched, why we must throughout the country. An example is ern and contemporary facilities as well recover our sense of confidence and purpose, the University of Pennsylvania's gradu­ as a very broad range of services to main­ our will. ate program in health care administra­ tain the quality of the educational pro­ I believe that will is still there. All that we need to galvanize it is leadership which rec­ tion in our Wharton School. In addition, gram.s. ognizes the difference between good and evil, hospitals have looked increasingly to in­ Finally, therefore, let me emphasize that ls willing to channel and direct the will dustry both at the financial and opera­ the need to recognize the special require­ of our people into hard, moral, and purpose­ tional level as a source of managers. ments of medical school hospitals. There ful policy. What have these new managers done? must be a rational way to permit pur­ We owe it to ourselves. And we owe it to They have begun to use the same tech­ chasers of service to set reasonable limi­ those men and women like Alexander Sol­ niques used by industry to measure and tations on payments to hospitals, but at zhenitsyn who yearn for freedom. At the con­ control the output of employees in hos­ clusion of his BBC interview, Solzhenitsyn the same time, we should not indiscrimi­ had this to say when asked about Bertrand pitals. Often this is done through the nately apply arbitrary limits which do Russell's famous or infamous aphorism, joint efforts of hospitals through such not account for the unique contribution "better red than dead": organizations as the Commission on made by the medical school hospital. "Looked at from a short distance, these Administrative Standards in California Limitations on reimbursement should be words allow one to maneuver and to con­ or the joint Management Engineering selectively applied only after the total tinue to enjoy life. But from a long-term and Cost Control Services in States like mission and performance of a particu­ point of view, it will undoubtedly destroy New Jersey and Pennsylvania where the those people who think like that. It is a ter­ lar institution has been effectively evalu­ rible thought." same resource is available to hospitals ated. It is indeed a terrible thought. And that is in both States. These standards of mea­ why we can no longer afford to shape our surement help the manager judge pro­ foreign policy according to the dictates of ductivity. They provide a guide in assess­ LEVITAS' POLITICAL COURAGE detente, as it has come to be practiced. Free­ ing the need for capital facilities and dom is lndivisable, and it is our duty in this help moderate the demands of medical world to insure that it remains so. staff for additional equipment or HON. BO GINN buildings. OF GEORGIA The use of quality assurance programs, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES THE HOSPITALS OF THE UNI­ utilization review and medical audit pro­ Friday, June 4, 1976 VERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA AD­ grams when aggressively pursued, can VANCEMENT IN HOSPITAL MAN­ reduce the unnecessary use of hospital Mr. GINN. Mr. Speaker, our col­ AGEMENT services and maintain and improve the league, ELLIOTT LEVITAS, is taking a quality of service delivered to patients. leadership role in working to devise so­ HON. JOSHUA' EILBERG Great efforts have been made to ac­ lutions to the problems that plague our celerate collections and to maximize re­ Nation's social security system. I join OF PENNSYLVANIA with him in his efforts to preserve the in­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES imbursement to improve cash flow. Another major improvement has been tegrity of this vital program, and I com­ Friday, June 4, 1976 in data collection, data processing and mend him for his work. Mr. EILBF.RG. Mr. Speaker, the rising management information systems, Again, I am pleased to note that Mr. LEVITAS' cost of hospital care is a subject which is some of these advances have been joint efforts have attracted considerable at­ of national concern and has affected efforts or cooperative efforts with private tention to the work that must be done to every facet of the health care delivery industry. reform the social security system. In a system from the private physician to the At the Hospital of the University of column in the May 27 issue of the De­ public hospital. Pennsylvania and the Graduate Hospi­ kalb New Era, Mr. Jim Boatright has On Wednesday, May 19, 1976, at a tal of the University of Pennsylvania, for written an excellent analysis of this luncheon for the- Pennsylvania delega­ example, a number of significant actions problem. I ask that this column be re­ tion, I had the opportunity to hear the have taken place over the past few years. printed in the RECORD, and I commend it remarks of Mr. Mark S. Levitan, execu­ There has been a total management re­ to the attention of my colleagues: tive director, University Hospitals, organization. We have attracted qualified LEVrrAs' POLITICAL COURAGE University of Pennsylvania, a man well­ managers, both from industry and the (By Jim Boatright) versed on the subject of hospital manage­ health care field. Clear lines of organiza­ This is a political year. Every member or ment. He summarized the advances of tional authority were established. We the U.S. House of Representatives and one­ this field, the benefits of the changes have used standard industrial engineer­ third of the U.S. Senate is up for re-election. We wlll elect a President. There are 32.6 mil­ made in the facilities under his direction, ing techniques to control work flow, lion people on social security. Embracing and the special problems of medical scheduling and staffing levels. We were every race, creed and political doctrine, this school-teaching hospital establishments. able to reduce our employed staff by al­ is the most powerful monolithic voting At this time I enter Mr. Levitan's re­ most 10 percent at HUP and 20 percent group in this country, probably in history. marks into the RECORD. at graduate. We have used economic Politicians respond to political stimula. So­ I would like to address myself to the analysis as one measure to justify capital cial Security recipients have just received a issues of management in hospitals and investment. We are using a shared serv­ 6.4 per cent increase in their monthly pay­ particularly the issues facing medical ment beginning with their July checks. ice to meet our data processing needs at These raises will come from social security school hospitals. My colleagues have al­ a substantially reduced cost. Physicians trust funds which are expected to experience ready explained some of the basic char­ are being held accountable and finan­ a deficit for the second straight year. The sys­ acteristics and complexity of the health cially responsible where appropriate. In tem is in deep financial trouble. Under pres­ industry. It is this complexity and some­ short, management is demanding per­ ent law, social security spending will exceed what inflexible structure that creates formance. income from payroll taxes untU the two cash many of the problems faced by hospital What are the special problems of medi­ benefit reserves, dlsabllity along with old management. cal schools? The teaching hospital serves age and survivors insurance, run dry early in A number of steps have been taken by the 1980's. a unique role in supporting the training This means that the money that I, and hospitals to improve the quality of hos­ of health care professionals and support­ others, have paid into the trust fund for the pital management. First, there has been ing research in medicine and health de- past 20 or 30 years 1s gone; and if I receive a tremendous increase in the level of pro­ livery. Teaching and research in health any social security payments I wm have to f e.ssion.alism of hospital management. care are best conducted in an atmosphere depend on children and unborn future work­ Not many years ago, the hospital admin­ of patient service. However, the imposi­ ers of this country to support me. Social isl;rator came from the ranks of the tion of the teaching and research aetivity security has been politicized until it 1s now medical profession, the nursing profes­ adds to the cost of patient care and re­ an all embracing retirement-welfare program sion, or the hospital business office. To­ for everyone, whether one "contributed" to duces physican productivity. These are the program or not. This was not the original day, hospital and health care manage­ legitimate and appropriate costs of the intent of the program. ment is recognized as a distinct profes­ systems and must have an identified President Ford did not try to solve the sion. Hospital managers today are edu­ source of funding. Additionally, teaching fundamental problem. He chose the politi­ cated in graduate training programs hospitals are obligated to maintain mod- cally expeditious way of ignoring the root June 4, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16755 ca.uses of social security financial deficits by services at Lakeside Cemetery in Holly some­ North Vietnam. He wa.s on his 198th mission, simply recommending that we increase the thing intangible that extends far beyond the one of the la.st he wa.s to fly before returning payroll taxes. He recommended that we in­ boundaries of this rural Oakland County stateside for duty as a flight instructor. crease the payroll taxes pa.id by employer community of 15,000. The lives of the four men mentioned spe­ and employee from 11.70 per cent to 12.30 Indeed, that something stretches to wher­ cifically in today's eulogy spanned half a cen­ per cent. The House Ways a.nd Means Com­ ever brave Americans have fought and died­ tury and touched on three continents. mittee rejected the proposal this year. Thus places like Europe, the Pacific ~cea.n, Korea. "But in my mind," said Reece Living, "they the deficit grows. and Vietnam. were much more." Each worker pays 11.70 per cent of his in­ Hank, Fred and Bill were brothers-mem­ come, counting his a.nd his employers tax, bers of the Living family in Holly, who were on his income up to $15,300. The base iS killed in action durtng World War II and AWASH WITH OIL projected to increase to $16,500 on January 1. Korea. (Some labor leaders a.re advocating a. base There wa.s also another Holly man-Karl of $25,000.) What does this mean? It means Richter, shot down a.nd killed over North HON. JOHN D. DINGELL that an average worker with four dependents Vietnam. OF MICHIGAN Their exploits were evoked today in the is now paying more in social security taxes IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES than he is paying in income taxes. If he kind of simple, small-town ceremonies tha.t earns the maximum base of $15,300, he a.nd were ta.king place a.round the nation. Friday, June 4, 1976 his employer will be forced to pay $1,790 Ceremonies marked by the flags young which could have gone into his pocket. He Americans fought for, the wreaths for their Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I wish to could buy one heck of a.n annuity, with more graves and taps for their memories. insert in the RECORD an interesting arti­ benefits, from a. private company for this There were two awards presented today in cle from The New Republic on Alaskan a.mount of money. Holly-the Living Brothers Awa.rd and the oil. The article follows: Increasing social security taxes a.re a. tre­ Karl Richter Award. AWASH WITH OIL mendous imposition on the already overbur­ Every year the awards are given to out­ standing students at Holly High School When Congress got interested in Alaskan dened small businessman. The only way as oil several yea.rs a.go, it was told that getting many small businessmen ca.n overcome the the highlight of the Memorial Day services. Dozens of other fighting men from Holly the oil to the West Coast was a. matter of burden of increasing workmen's compensa­ great national urgency. 011 executives, State tion, unemployment and social security taxes also have died in wars for freedom and they were not forgotten. Nor were others from and Interior Department officials and roving is to simply eliminate jobs, which aggravates experts in the NiXon administration swore the unemployment situation. Oakland County, the state and the nation. "We're honoring the dead from a.11 wars," that the government had to help the indus­ Every once in a while someone comes a.long try rush the Alaskan project to completion with a refreshingly new approach to prob­ said Reece Living of Milford, a brother of the commemorated trio. He served in the Marine so that the oil could be fed to fuel-hungry lems like social security concepts, burdens California. Environmental groups were told and deficits. Our Congressman Elliott Levitas Corps. Reece, a. member of VFW Post 5587 which that their worries about the pipeline would has proposed that we establish a National have to take second place to the national Commission on Social Security to study, to sponsors the parade and memorial services, was the ma.in speaker a.t the Memorial Da.y interest. Both environmentalists and Mid­ overhaul, to esta.bliSh the scope of the sys­ western politicians argued that a. trans-Ca­ tem, and to make it financially sound. Con­ program. It wa.s held in the shadow of a Civil War nadian pipeline made more sense than a gressman Levitas needs and deserves the sup­ trans-Alaskan line. A Canadian pipe, they port of the people on this worthy project. monument commemorating the northern Oakland County men who fell at Gettysburg, said, would a.void an area of high earth­ Missionary Ridge, Vicksburg a.nd Atlanta. quake risk in Alaska., reduce the likelihood The stories of Hank, Fred, Bill and Karl of oil spills by eliminating the need for tank­ MEMORIAL DAY: 1976 are pretty much what thousands of fighting ers and, most important, deliver the oil di­ men went through. But there a.re chapters rectly to the part of the country that needed of their very own. it most-the upper Midwest. But the compa­ HON. WILLIAM S. BROOMFIELD Early in 1940, almost two yea.rs before nies had other plans. The Alaskan route had OF MICmGAN Pearl Harbor and the United States entry already been mapped out a.nd approved. The IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES into World War II, Hank a.nd Fred Living financing wa.s set. The companies were an­ joined the Canadian army. noyed that their plans were being held up in Friday, June 4, 1976 Both were born in Ca.na.da. before their tedious public review at the last moment. As Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, this family migrated to the United States and happens often in confrontations like this, the both maintained strong ties with the land companies invoked national security and had week across our Nation, we commemo­ their wa.y. rated the memory of all who died de­ of their birth. Hank, a sports standout a.t Holly High, It's not clear who first sounded the patri­ f ending this country in her wars. played professional football for the Toronto otic theme of US strategic interests, but one In many ways, all their stories are the Argonauts before getting a commission in of the earliest spokesmen was Assistant Sec­ same. It is the story of young men going the Royal Canadian Air Force. retary of State John Irwin, II, who also to war and then killed while in the prime On his 23rd European mission, Ca.pt. Liv­ helped inspire OPEC to its most avaricious of their life defending the Nation or ing was shot down and killed near the Ger­ behavior. Coming from him, the argument principles they cherished. The end of the man border just six months before hostilities carried some weight. Irwin told the congres­ were to end in August, 1945. sional Joint Economic Committee in 1972 story is one of saddened families and that "the Department of State believes it is saddened communities that will always The Lancaster bomber he was flying was nicknamed the "Spirit of Fred Living," in most important to bring the oil from the miss their presence. honor of his younger brother Fred, who was North Slope of Alaska to market as soon as But each of their stories is also unique killed Aug. 6, 1944 near Fa.la.is Gap, France. possible," a.nd that the Alaskan route was the for ultimately they were individuals and Fred, remembered as "the musician of the only acceptable one. Planning and building our memory of them must not be lumped family" because he could play the piano by the Canadian line would take too long, and together in some large, nebulous cate­ ear, was a private in the medical corps. Ac­ the West Coast needed the oil right a.way. gory. To honor their individuality and cording to available records, Fred was fatally The companies ma.de the same argument. their individual sacrifice, I wish to com­ wounded while trying to a.id injured bud­ H. G. Gallagher of BP Ala.ska told the com­ dies. His body lies in the Canadian National mittee that "our decision to ship our oil to mend to the attention of my colleagues Cemetery in Capnes, France. the West Coast was not lightly or quickly a story from the Detroit News, by Pat Bill was a small boy back in Holly when taken. It was ma.de over three yea.rs a.go. Murphy. It is about the deaths of three his older brothers were killed and he grew Three years of review, events and further brothers, Hank, Fred, and Bill Living of up with vivid memories and a yea.ming to be study confirm us in our conviction that our Holly, Mich., who were killed during just like them. decision was the right one.... The West World War II and the Korean conflict That yearning prompted Bill, then 17, to Coast is crude [oil] short now; it will be join the American army shortly after the extra.ordinarily crude short in the late 1980s and about a fourth Holly man, Karl a.nd 1990s." Another executive wrote: "I can Richter, who was shot down and killed Korean war broke out in 1950. Sgt. Bill Living was killed 1n June, 1951, categorically state that we have every inten­ over North Vietnam. when his ma.chine gun unit was overrun by sion of using our full share of the total Alas­ The article follows: enemy forces near Heartbreak Ridge in Korea.. kan oil on the US West Coast.... It is clear IN MEMORIAM: THREE BROTHERS BECAME Another Holly High School student, Karl from our estimates and those of the Depart­ THREE SoLDIEKS-THBEE GRAVES TELL THEm W. Richter, wa.s a.n honor student and co­ ment of Interior that it 1s needed on the STORY captain of the football team prior to enroll­ West Coast." (By Pat Murphy) ing at the Air Force Academy at Colorado Every company likes to believe, and to Hank, Fred and Bil could have been any­ Springs. foster the notion, that its interests are con­ body's brothers. Lt. Richter died in July, 1967, after his gruent with the nation's, But few are as That's what gives today's Memorial Day Thunderchief jet was hit by enemy fire over lucky as the oil industry in having the na.- 16756 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1976 tlonal interest coincide so regularly with their permission to do so. But perceptions of the FIFTH ESTATE ROAD SHOW IN own, whatever their interests may be, how­ national interest do change. Perhaps in two BOSTON ever they may change over time. In 1972 the or three years Project Independence will be clinching argument for the Alaskan pipeline replaced by Project Flexibility. Skeptics Uke ca.me from the President's own National Se­ Brock Evans of the Sierra Club flatly pre­ curity Council. Gen. George Lincoln, then dict that the companies, despite protesta­ HON. LARRY McDONALD director of the Office of Emergency Prepared­ tions to the contrary. will find a way of ship­ OF GEORGIA ness and chief of the government's oil strat­ ping the Alaskan surplus to Japan. egy planners, reported these :findings on the One cannot help but think the companies IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pipeline question: "A trans-Alaska. pipeline intended to use this southern shipping route Friday, June 4, 1976 could deliver oil to the West Coast by 1975, all a.long. Did they reject the Canadian line and full capacity by 1982; the West Coast simply because it would have been less profit­ Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, spon­ markets will be able to absorb that oil. It ls able? Freeman of the FEA doesn't think so. sored by the ad hoc Boston Teach-in in the national interest to reduce our total He believes the situation changed suddenly Committee and the Public Education dependence on insecure imports as much as in the last three yea.rs in ways that not even Project on the Intelligence Community­ possible in the critical years after 1975; this Jean Dixon could ha.ve predicted. Prices in­ PEPIC-a subsidiary of the Organizing interest outweighs any consideration of dis­ creased dramatically; demand slackened; the tribution of that oil among regions." This government agreed to release its California. Committee for a Fifth Estate-OC-5- argument was repeated. with more vehe­ oil reserves and sell them on the Western some 150 persons took part in a confer­ mence, in 1973 when Congress considered market; new offshore drilling leases were let enoo, "CIA, Intelligence and Repres­ and then passed a blll allowing the companies on the West Coast. All these changes, Free­ sion," held at Boston University Law to go ahead with the pipeline. man believes, are working to create an un­ School, May 7-8, 1976. The speakers Soon these predictions and promises wlll be expected glut in California, unexpected by roster included: put to the test. In 1977 the Alaskan oil wlll industry and by government. But we should Perry Douglas Fellwock, OC-5 co-founder, begin flowing through the pipe from the remember that all these changes were avidly using his "movement" alias, Winslow Peck, North Slope to the Alaskan port of Valdez. sought by the oil companies. And this is one on "the CIA and the Southern Rim of Eu­ From there it will be loaded into tankers industry, as the man from BP said, that rope," an area which he ls reported to have and shipped ... where? Suddenly the gov­ doesn't make decisions lightly or quickly. recently vlsLted. ernment's on planners are awakening to the In creating the oil glut, the companies did Tim Butz, heading another of OC-5's let­ fact that there will be a surplus of oil on one of two things. Either they underesti­ terhead subsidiaries, the Intelllgence Docu­ the West Coast, and that there will be no mated their own ability to win concessions mentation Center, and an ubiquitous figure place to put the new Alaskan deliveries. Sev­ from the government (for they won most of at anti-intelligence meetings and con­ eral private studies, including one written what they sought), or they misrepresented ferences. by the Rand Corporation for the State of the true nature of the Western oil market. Margaret Van Houten, an OC-5 coordi­ California, predict that the West wm be If there ls a. lesson to be found in this, it nator. glutted with oil by the end of the decade. is that the government must be more skep­ Eqbal Ahmed, a lea.ding personality of the Rand said that the amount of the surplus tical of corporate promises than it has been. Transnational Institute (TNI), a.n inter­ by 1980 will equal and then exceed the Until recently American officials had no inde­ nationally active subsidiary of the Institute amount of on that might have been shipped pendent data and little expertise in energy for Policy Studies (IPS) involved with rev­ through a. Canadian pipeline to the Mid­ matters, and thus no basis for questioning olutionary terrorists. west. Rand concluded: "Given the pending industry statements. They had no choice but John Marks, Center for National Security changes in the distribution of domestic oil to accept corporate plans and promises at Studies; co-author of an expose of the CIA. production, a West-East pipeline appears to face value and hope for the best. That's what Jennifer Davis, representing the Southern be in the national interest" That report, happened in Alaska. And that explains why Africa. Committee (SAC), an active support dated December 1975, signalled a. shift in the it has taken until 1976 for the government group for the Soviet-backed terrorists in winds: now the national interest requires to realize that the real problem on the West Africa.. The committee recently asked for oil in the East, not the West. And now the Coast will not be a shortage, but a surplus its files from the FBI under the Freedom of watchdogs of the public interest have sniffed of oil. Information Act which revealed to the SAC the new scent. Strategists in the Federal that it was the subjeot of an active investiga­ Energy Administration (FEA) and the hlgh­ tion. Davis is also director of research for level Energy Resources Committee, chaired REGIONAL RAIL REORGANIZATION the American Commit tee on Africa. by Commerce Secretary Elliot Richardson, ACTOF1973 Danny Schect er, a former member of the are looking into the matter. Since early Africa Research Group, an old SDS asso­ spring they have been checking into several ciated project, former Ramparts editor and alternatives for shipping the oil out of Cali­ now news director of WBCN-FM. fornia to the East. HON. JOHN M. MURPHY OF NEW YORK Lee Goldstein, National Lawyers Guild. John Freeman, an assistant administrator Roger Finzell, Natlon&l Lawyers Guild at the FEA and coordinator of this transport IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and Wounded Knee Legal Defense/ Offense study, refuses to predict how great the sur­ Friday, June 4, 1976 Committee. plus w1ll be, or even whether there will be Mario Castanheira, Portuguese Committee one. His study group must finish its analy­ Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr. for Democratic Action. sis before he will give an answer, and that Speaker, the bill which I have introduced Robert Meeropol, Committee to Re-Open ma.y take until July. But Freeman concedes today is essentially the same one which the Rosenberg Case. Meeropol is a son of tha.t the Energy Resources Councn wouldn't I and 16 of my New York colleagues have Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, executed for be looking into the question unless there espionage conspiracy. were a good chance that oil will have to be introduced during the last 3 months. This most recent version incorporates several Bonnie Mass, reporter, Bertrand Russell moved out of California beginning next yea.r Tribunal on La.tin America. or the year after. technical and perfecting modifications Three alternatives are being considered at which I have developed in cooperation Additional organizations taking part the moment: a northern pipeline from with the New York State Commissioner included: Seattle a.cross the Rockies (one hopes not of Transportation, and representatives Puerto Rican Socia.list Party-a self-stated through Yellowstone Park) to the Midwest, of concerned privaJte rail lines and Marxist-Leninist revolutionary party closely a southern plpeUne from California to Texas unions. tied to the Cuban Communists which has and from there into the lines that feed the said it will serve as the bridgehead for rev­ East, and finally, an ocean route using tank­ Our objective remains the same: we seek to guarantee the continued oper­ olution to enter the United States. ers to carry oil through the Panama Canal Boston Grand Jury Project--a group to ports in Texas and Louisiana, or possibly ation of vital rail lines in New York's formed by members of the National Lawyers the Ea.st Coast. The tanker system would be southern tier by providing much needed Guild and revolutionary activists to assist the most risky and wasteful; the Ca.11forn1a- time in which to determine precisely how activists resist grand juries investigating the Texas route would be the most efficient, be­ this important goal can be accomplished. harboring of fugitive terrorists. cause a pipeline ls already in place most of Congressional inaction at this juncture SUsa.n Saxe Defense Committee-closely the way. But no matter which of these ls could have disastrous consequences for a associated with the Grand Jury Project, but chosen, the on wlll travel the long way specifically formed to develop leftist support round-the direct Canadian route having vast sector of our State, and for that rea­ son we intend to forcefully state our for an adm.ltted revolutionary bank robber been rejected long a.go. The one solution the facing murder charges in another bank rob­ companies insist they aren't considering 1s views at hearings to be conducted by the bery case. the sale of oil to Japan. They are forbidden Transporta,tion Subcommittee of the Boston S-1 Coalition. by law from exporting this oil unless the House Commerce Committee later in this Commit tee to End Sterillzatlon Abuse, President and Congress give them explicit month. Boston chapter. .June 4, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16757 Native American Solidarity Committee, U.S. National Committee for Panama­ major war on two fronts. But Lord help us Boston/ Cambridge and Amherst chapters. nian Sovereignty states: when and if they are. Angolan Solidarity Committee, a support If History teaches anything, it is to avoid group for the Soviet-CUban puppet MPLA In recent times, Cuba has ·been in the van­ solutions which failed in the past. At Jut­ regime. guard of the demand that the Canal return land, the only test of the German technologi­ Tenants First Coalition Defense Com- to Panama; in January of 1976 Fidel Castro, cally superiority, the High Seas Fleet won a mittee. referring to Angola, promised that if neces­ tactical victory, but suffered a strategic de­ Urban Planning Aid Defense Committee. sary for the final victory, "we can add 9 mil­ feat. The lesson to be learned is that quality Committee for Panamanian Sovereignty. lion Cubans to the 1.5 mllllon Panamanians." is nice, but it cannot win against quantity. Chile Action Group, the cam.bridge/Boston Panama's neighbors-Mexico, Peru, and So it is with us. Our 478 ships (according to branch of the revolutionary anti-imperialist Venezuela in particular-have given strong TIME magazine) cannot hope to win against Non-Intervention in Chile (NICH) organiza­ support to Panama's just demand. their 2200 plus. Traditionally, the Navy is tion. A considerable amount of background the only means by which we can carry a war Latin American Project, self-described as material on the Organizing Committee to another shore. "a socialist approach to graduate studies" The point is simply this: If we hope to of the Goddard-Cambridge Graduate Pro­ for a Fifth Estate and background ex­ maintain the status quo of the "risk", we gram in Social Change which is directed by hibits is provided in my testimony befo,re must drastically expand the Fleet. I don't Shepherd Bliss, 5 Upland Rd., Cambridge, the Senate Internal Security Subcommit­ much care who is elected President, as long MA. 02140 [617/491-0157]. Bliss is an tee and has been published in the hear­ as the Navy is allowed to expand. organizer for the Mass Party Organizing Com­ ing, "Subversion of Law Enforcement In­ During the Anglo-German Naval Race mittee (MPOC), a member of the July 4 telligence Gathering Operations, part I." which preceded World War I, the British Coal1tion. The LAP states: "Our goal • • • press drew much comfort from simple nu­ ls to educate ourselves and others for libera­ merical oomparisons. So it seems to be with tion struggles throughout the Americas, LETTER FROM KENT R. CRAWFORD, the Soviet Union. They play the numbers North and South. We have also worked on HISTORIAN game--quality be damned. (I suggest you Portugal and Angola, as well as class struggle look into the quality of the Russian T-34 in the U.S. Our methodology is based on the tank during WW II.) I submit the compari­ Marxist classics, • • • research by groups HON. ANDREW JACOBS, JR. son is valid, and that only by increasing our like NACLA, and cultural works like Cuban military strength can we hope to avoid a OF INDIANA posters." drastic alteration in the status quo. I charge IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES you, sir, to insure our security by supporting The conference was the usual formula Friday, June 4, 1976 all proposals for Naval strengthening. We of workshops and panels, with fllms­ have no logical choice but to play the num­ "Red Squad; The Unquiet Death of Mr. JACOBS. Mr. Speaker, Kent R. bers game too. We should aim at a Naval Julius and Ethel Rosenberg"; and "The Crawford is an excellent historian and establishment of 1,000 ships within the next Rise and Fall of the CIA," plus a video I take pride in the fact that he is a con­ fifteen years, and then work on replacement film by New ~erican Movement Lenin­ stituent of the 11th District of Indiana. of our obsolescent equipment. On a more personal note, I am much de­ ist Miles Mogelescue made in Portugal. The following is a letter received by me pressed by the lack of trained Historians on The anti-intelligence gathering par­ from this historian. I think it should the staffs of the various candidates for high ticipants held a demonstration and rally be shared with others. office. The quality of the research is just against Presidential candidate Gov. Ron­ KENT R. CRAWFORD, plain disgusting. Witness Mr. Reagan's TV ald Reagan on Saturday, May 8, protest­ Indianapolis, Ind., May 13, 1976. speech, although I can't say anybody else is ing his position against the giveaway of Hon. ANDY JACOBS, Jr., much better off. It would appear that too the Panama Canal to Castro's ally, the U.S. Re'J)resentative, many capable civilians are avoiding con­ leftist dictator Omar Torrijos of Pan­ Washington, D.C. tamination by staying out of the political DEAR Sm: 'Tis rare indeed that I find arena-in any capacity. ama. the time to write to present my views on While I can understand, I do not condone. A leaflet distributed at the rally also the state of affairs as I see them-as an A professor of mine said that Historians denounced U.S. citizens who live in the Historian. However, I have some observa­ should become involved in public affairs. I Canal Zone as "a colonizing force of 40,- tions which may be of interest to you. disagreed on the grounds that politics, by 000 who are joined by the 10,000 U.S. Mr. Reagan has made a point of stating definition, requires compromise, while the soldiers" stationed in the Canal Zone. our military inferiority as compared to the values of the Historian (worthy of the name, Said the leaflet, clearly showing the to­ Russians-in conventional arms. As far as which your counter-part from Lafayete isn't) talitarian bent of the protesters, "Rea­ such a comparision goes, it is quite valid. should never be compromised. Perhaps a fal­ But that is not the whole case. I belleve lacy in our system?!! gan must not be permitted to continue at­ Grossadmiral Alfred von Tirpitz expressed Nonetheless, sir, I intend to support you tacking Panama, as previous Presidential the situation best over seventy years ago, in the coming election, even though it means candidates attacked Korea and Viet­ with his now infamous "risk" theory. He crossing party llnes (a metaphor as ridicu­ nam. • • • Join us to protest Reagan's wished Germany to have a fleet of such lous as our system). I trust, sir, that you will attacks upon Panamanian sovereignty power that to defeat it, even the most pow­ warrant such support by not engaging in and dignity. United States Out of Pan­ erful country would jeopardize its superior­ support of such endeavors which the coun­ ama." ity. Consequently, the High Seas Fleet was try can ill afford. In view of the close ties of many of the qualitatively vastly superior to the British Respectfully, Grand Fleet, but numerically inferior. KENT R. CRAWFORD. groups participating in the teach iI: and I believe this is the case between us and rally with the Cuban Communists, with the Soviet Union. They have more of every­ U.S. revolutionary terrorists, and with thing, but what we have is technologically U.S. revolutionary organizations, the superior. Thus, the question becomes one of TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO TODAY Secret Service must be encouraged to our (with that of our remaining allies) su­ take cognizance of potential dangers to perior technology versus their superiority candidates for our highest public office. of numbers. HON. CHARLES E. WIGGINS Rally organizer was the Communica­ Before I continue with the analysis, let OF CALIFORNIA tions Center of the U.S. National Com­ me expound on what the parallel means in context of the present. In essence, for the IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES mittee for Panamanian Sovereignty, P.O. Russians to engage in a war with the West­ Friday, June 4, 1976 Box 189, Harvard Square, Camb1idge, ern Allies, regardless of the outcome, they Mass. 02138. The committee's education will be so weakened by the effort that China Mr. WIGGINS. Mr. Speaker, 200 years center is located in the offices of the will be able to re-acquire those old Im­ ago, on June 3, 1776, in preparation for Ecumenica'l Program for Interamerican perial territories which Chairman Mao has the imminent British invasion of New Communication and Action-EPICA-at promised the Chinese people will be re-in­ York, the Continental Congress urged the 1500 Farragut Street, NW., Washington, corporated into China. These amount to a colonies of Massachusetts, Connecticut, D.C. 20011, a project of the National good. part of a.slan Russia. This 1s the con­ New York, and New Jersey to contribute sequence of Russian aggression, and un­ 13,800 militia to reinforce the Continen­ Council of Churches. EPICA's Farragut doubtedly the deterrent to it. I firmly be­ Street offices are used as the mailing ad­ Ueve that no leader of any country would tal forces already in that colony. dress for a number of Washington area resort to nuclear war, as such would take Congress also urged the immediate es­ groups supporting Castro-style revolu­ the rest of the world out too. Thus, the tablishment in the middle colonies of a tionary movements in Latin America. Russians will go along with Detente only as 10,000-man "flying camp," to consist of Reinforcing the Cuban connection, the long as they are not prepared to fight a 6,000 men from the Pennsylvania mil1t1a, 16758 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1976 3,400 from the Maryland militia, and 600 declining public interest, it was too late. them are dull, technical, and esoteric: man­ Even its more aggressive information pro­ ufacturing techniques and procedures, com­ from the Delaware militia. gram in recent years has done little to con­ puter programming, specialized instruments The militias were to be paid from the vince most Americans that space exploration and sensors, and the like. day of their marching from home, 1 is worth the time and money it takes. Such benefits are adding b1111ons of dol­ penny a mile, in lieu of rations, for trav­ NASA discovered what any good politician lars to the American economy, providing eling expenses, and 1 day's pay for every already knew: It's hard to play catch-up jobs, saving lives, and making things nicer 20 miles, between home and the general with public opinion. for all of us. Most of the benefits aren't ex­ citing. They're just there. rendezvous, going an.d returning. IN SEA.'!.CH OF AN ANSWER They're hidden in your home appliances That leaves the big question: How has (lubrication and quality-control techniques space exploration changed our lives? I de­ that extend service life) , in your golf clubs BEYOND SPACE-THE HIDDEN termined to find out. (shafts with greater strength and more REVOLUTION Cool dim light surrounded us in the glass­ spring), in your workshop {battery-powered walled visitor's booth overlooking NASA's tools), in your car (advanced electronics, tire Mission Control Center in Houston. Forty design and .manufacture), in hospitals HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE feet away, bey-0nd the soundproof window, (monitoring systems), on streets and high­ OF TEXAS past the lighted executive consoles, through ways (traffic-signal controls, · pavement IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES the trench where flight-dynamics officers do grooves), and thousands more places; even magic with their remote computers, the for­ a simple list would fill this magazine. Friday, June 4, 1976 ward wa.ll glowed. The Dallas Cowboys wear helmets lined Mr. TEAGUE. Mr. Speaker, the June Soyuz wobbled on the big color screen. with a foam padding developed for NASA 1976 issue of Popular Science magazine The picture was coming from a television that reduces impact shock and head in­ camera a.boa.rd Apollo. The man next to me juries. High schools and colleges a.cross the an article entitled "Beyond Space-the was George Low, assistant administrator of nation have bought similar helmets. The Hidden Revolution" was featured. Writer NASA. same padding, marketed under the name James L. Schefter, author of the article From our ringside seat to history, we Temper Foam by Becton, Dickinson & Co., and well-known writer and commentator probed into that long-standing question: lets wheelchair patients sit more comforta­ on our space program has brought un­ "What ls space exploration doing for us?" bly, tripling the time they can safely stay usual perception and better understand­ "I wish I had an easy answer," Low began. confined. ing of the importance of our space pro­ "Space flight is an accelerator for technol­ The Chrysler Corp. adapted its experience ogy. Computers got a major push. Electronics in working on Saturn booster systems to gram to the public in his significant got a. push. So did education and ecology, and automobile production lines and testing. c1rticle. Because of this I am including medicine, materials, miniaturization, mete­ Among the results a.re a more durable car the article in the RECORD for the benefit orology, management, communications, avia­ radio, an accurate dashboard digital clock, of my colleagues: tion ..." and a.n ignition retarder to reduce pollution. BEYOND SPACE-THE HIDDEN REVOLUTION As Low ticked off the list, I watched the But the most important spac~-triggered ad­ (By Jim Schefter) screen. Here and now, in a quiet, dark room vance is Chrysler's electronic ignition, which in Houston, I saw the full spectacular se­ a Senate report calls "a major improvement" "If we can land men on the moon, how quence of Apollo and Soyuz flying formation that "reduces emissions and lowers main­ come we can't: across Italy's toe and heel, across the clear tenance cost." a. End poverty? Adriatic, on to Greece and Asia Minor. The Heat pipes manufactured by McDonnell b. Improve health ca.re? commentary was not from a TV anchorman; Douglas Corp. are installed in pylons along c. Stop pollution? it was straight from Tom Stafford and Alexi the Alaskan pipeline. Heat-pipe theory d. Etc., etc., etc.?" Leonov in space--one speaking Oklahoma predates satellites, but it took the space pro­ How many times have you heard such gram to put theory into practice. Such pipes compla.lnts? And how ma.ny times have you Russian, the other Ukrainian English. "We're looking at a perfect example of transfer heat from place to place by eva.po­ shrugged your shoulders a.nd given the uni­ rating and condensing a fluid. In Alaska, they versal answer: "I dunno." space benefits that nobody thinks a.bout," Low said, pointing at the screen. "There are will prevent warm crude oil from thawing Ask another question, "Ga.n you name 10 frozen tundra, which would buckle the pipe­ down-to-earth benefits from the space pro­ thousands, maybe mlllions, of parts in the Apollo and Soyuz vehicles. Every part had to line and spew oll into a fragile landscape. gram?" Your ski parka or sleeping bag may be in­ Most people will sa.y "no." Some Illight be work to get those things up. "Look back 10, 15, 20 years at the elec­ sulated with the aluminized mylar materials able to list Teflon, weather and communi­ used in the Echo I satelUte and for insula­ cations satellites, handheld computers, or tronics a.round your home. There a.re a lot more of them today and they work a lot tion in later spacecraft and space suits. Many electronic wristwatches. hunters and campers carry pocket-size Some critics will argue tha.t space explo­ better. Space exploration forced companies to learn how to make better products." emergency blankets of the same material. ration brought no benefits worth the cost, Sirloins that melt in your mouth may have and a very few at the ~her extreme will We had an Apollo-eye view of Soyuz in come from the cow that jumped over the credit it with every technological advance empty space above Italian roads and fields. moon. In one of the strangest applications in two decades. Is either version right. The picture-crystal clear and colorful-was of space technology, the Armour Company "There's no way you can spend tens of being relayed through an experimental com­ adapted an electronic strain gauge used in billions of dollars for something as purely munications satellite 22,000 miles above Af­ rocket engines to test and accurately predict technological as the space program without rica. In another month, the satellite would be beef tenderness. The company now sells more having some transfer," says senator William involved in an experiment to bring modern than 20 Illilllon pounds of premium-priced, Proxmire of Wisconsin, a long-time critic of knowledge into isolated villages in India. guaranteed-tender beef each year. space spending. "You'd think, having been But now it was the direct link between Every major petroleum and mining com­ in this program in a big way for more than Apollo/Soyuz, Houston, and Moscow. pany uses data, pictures, a.nd other images 18 years, that there would be more to show." "There has been a communications ex­ from Skylab and the two Landsat earth-re­ The trouble for Proxmire--a.nd for almost plosion from sa.tellltes," Low was saying. "Ten sources satellites to seek new mineral de­ everyone else who isn't working with aero­ yea.rs ago there was no TV to let us see the posits. A Colorado mining executive, Dr. H. space technology da.y-to-day-is that the first Gemini rendezvous. Now here we are, LeRoy Scha.ron, of NL Industries, recently benefits a.re difficult to identify. If they're looking at an American and a Russian space­ told a Congressional committee that such too technical, most people don't ca.re. If craft flying over the Mediterranean. Global techniques are paying off in reduced explora­ they're in the news, they tend to be gadgets communications a.re routine." tion time, money saved, and new Ininera.l or gimmicks. And if they're in between, Low's enthusiasm was as broad as space discoveries. where are they? itself. Customers of a. ut1lity in Lincoln, Nebraska Part of the blame rests with the National TIP OF THE ICEBERG can see thermographs of their homes, thanks Aeronautics and Space Administration itself. But one fact quickly became obvious. to space-developed sensors that spot resi­ The agency was flush with success during There are too many a.ppllca.tions of space dential heat losses caused by inadequate the glory days of Mercury, Gemini, and rtechnology-"beneflts.. for want of a. better insulation. The CENGAS Division of the Apollo. Newsmen beat down NASA's doors word-for any one of us to understand. Central Telephone and Utlllttes Corp. uses to get stories of high adventure. NASA didn't Only the barest tip of the iceberg 1s visible. an airborne thermal scanner to check rooftop see the need to justify itself beyond that. The electronic watches, hand-held comput­ temperatures. So, instead of expla.ining what good space ers, freeze-dried fOOd, live television from N ASCAR race driver Richard Petty wears exploration could achieve, NASA settled for Europe, satellite weather maps, and liquid­ a liquid-cooled helmet called. Cool Head a policy of "responding to query." In other crysta.l gadgets a.re the tiniest fraction of that's a spinoff from the cooling systems words, if you didn't ask, NASA wouldn't tell. the benefits around us. built into space suit.a. This helmet keeps And if you asked a.bout benefits, they'd tell Here's the biggest block to understanding Petty•s hea.d and neck temperatures down, you about Teflon and communications what has happened: More than 99 per cent signtflcantly cutting his fatigue during auto sa.tellltes. of the identifiable space benefits are hidden races. By the time NASA's leaders woke up to from public view. Worse, the majority of Atomic power plants are safer because of June 4, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16759 fracture toughness tests and fatigue anal­ ford told me. "We have a fully equipped "Well, sewage has hydrocarbons in it," ysis methods developed by NASA. These pro­ control center that monitors every second cedures now a.re routine in designing and Schneiderman explained, "just a plain old of every test flight. The aircraft themselves solid mass. So we tested the idea of pyrolyz­ building new plants. John Deere and other a.re wired with sensors and instruments ing sewage." farm-implement manufacturers use similar straight out of Apollo or even better." tests to build bigger and stronger plows now That simple idea-decomposing sewage appearing on American farms. The plows can APOLLO TECHNIQUES ON THE STREETS with high temperatures-produced activated Hawthorne Boulevard is one of the na­ carbon. And activated carbon is one of the be pulled faster because of the reduced like­ all-time best filter a.gents. lihood of ruining them on rocks. tion's busiest thoroughfares. Striking Fire fighters a.re benefitting from the light­ straight south through the heart of Los "So now you use activated carbon to weight and efficient air packs that have re­ Angeles County's heavily populated South purify the incoming wastewater." Schneider­ Bay region, it carries commuter, business, man grinned. "The sewage provides its own placed the older, more cumbersome ones. The filtration and the end product is a tiny new Scott Air Pak 4.5 units evolved from and tourist traffic from before dawn to the astronaut backpacks used in space walks and dead of night. For mile after mile, Haw­ amount of sterile dry ash!" The system is no on the moon. thorne is a strip of stores, supermarkets, car laboratory fluke. JPL tried it out-a 10,000- ga.llon-a.-day p1lot plant. It worked. A mil­ Remember when the astronauts' fa.cemasks lots and shopping centers. Within striking fogged, shortening Gene Cernan's space walk distance of its flanks are major aerospace lion-gallon-a-day plant at Hunt ington plants-Garrett, McDonnell Douglas, Rock­ Beach, Calif., begins operating this year. on Gemini 9 and causing problems for Alan The plant's economics-not to mention Sheppard and Ed Mitchell on their Apollo 14 well, TRW-employing tens of thousands of workers. the ecological benefits-are incredible. It lunar excursion? NASA came up with an costs 20 to 25 percent less to build and oper­ antifog compound used today by firemen, A few months ago, I turned onto Haw­ thorne just before eight a..m. I clicked my ate than a standard secondary-treatment skiers, skin divers, and pilots. plant approved by the Environmental Pro­ Early in manned-spacecraft design, some­ stop watch, gritted my teeth, and tensed for battle. For a time in 1973, I drove this same tection Agency. body realized that there was no foolproof In my travels, I've found an amazing way to keep spacecraft windows from pop­ four-mile stretch each morning. Give or take a minute, it was an 18-minute stop-and-go, variety and number of things that started in ping out into the outside vacuum. The solu­ some tiny corner of an aerospace laboratory tion wa.s a new sllicone sealant, which is sit-and-wait ordeal. Average speed: 13 mph. It was to be a different story this time: and now have somehow grown to change my now used on auto windshields, for home bath life and yours. Let's look at a few of them. room repairs, and-to the delight of thou­ For four miles, all of us on Hawthorne and sands of tropical-fish hobbyists-as the the major surrounding streets-112 intersec­ Transportation: Whether you're flying to stickum that finally made all-glass aquar­ tions in all-got a small dose of progress. I Honolulu, Hartford, or Houston, the odds a.re iums a reality. hit red lights at only four of nearly two­ that the guidance system a.board your com­ dozen controlled intersections. Elapsed time mercial jetliner has a grandfather that flew POWER, PLANES, PARKWAYS for my test run: 15:48, an average speed of to the moon. Space benefits come in sizes and shapes 15 mph. More than 500 commercial jets rely on a from the tiniest electronic chip to whole Not much improvement? Wrong! Those two navigation system called "Carousel" devel­ rooms of equipment. Take control centers. minutes I saved on my test run (an 11-per­ oped for Apollo. "Carousel" is inertial: that Watching Soyuz on that big screen triggered cent time saving) add up to more than $1- is, it takes its readings from its own internal a.memory. billion a year to South Bay drivers in terms gyros and accelerometers. It doesn't need One April night in 1970, when an Apollo 13 of gasoline not burned, brake linings not radio input and it isn't affected by weather. oxygen tank ruptured in transluna.r flight, worn, and accidents prevented. The psycho­ After nearly 15 million hours of use in I became the first writer allowed into this logical savings can't be measured. commercial flight, the system continues to control center during a mission. For hours, Cost to install the entire system was less score navigational accuracies of better than as the tension grew and controllers and than $900,000, and it paid for itself in one 99.5 percent. It makes flying just a little astronauts sweated over life and death, I re­ year. (Already, advanced systems are being safer for all of us. ported their activities to the world's writing installed in Baltimore and Overland Park, We're safer on the ground, too. NASA in­ press outside. This was to be the last manned Kansas.) vestigated the idea of cutting grooves in mission run from Houston until the Space A computerized point-of-sale system for runways to prevent airplanes from skidding Shuttle. But there are other control cen­ department stores was developed by TRW in the rain. It worked so well that many ters, all descendents of this one, running Data Systems, using what was learned from states now groove dangerous stretches of other missions that touch many of us every the Apollo computer programs. Terminals at highways, stopping car tires from hydro­ day. each cash register let clerks verify credit by planing. There is no way to know how many Preventing power outages is one function punching your credit-card number on a key­ of us are a.live and well today because of of the five control centers that survey 40,000 board. Results reveal a. 75-percent reduction that tiny technology transfer. square miles served by the Arkansas Power in fraudulent purchases and a !}5-percent Car tires got another boost from the space and Light Company. Sensors throughout the reduction in purchases on bad-debt accounts. program. NASA asked Goodyear to develop utility maze feed a steady flow of informa­ You'll find the system operating in many a tire that would stay bouncy at nearly 200° tion to the centers, where operators have a Montgomery Ward, J. C. Penney, May Co., F below zero. The tires were for that Apollo second-by-second view of what is happening Hudson's Bay Co., and other stores. 14 pull-cart dragged over lunar hills by Al along thousands of miles of high-voltage Then TRW applied the computer program­ Shepard and Ed Mitchell. Goodyear came up lines. Developed by a division of TRW, the ming to a. system called Valida.ta., which is with a flexible tire that didn't turn rock­ centers trace their ancestry directly to NASA used by virtually every airline and major hard in the moon's frigid temperatures. and the computer work that kept Apollo's car-rental agency today to check credit cards Shepard and Mitchell unlimbered their "rick­ complex machinery on course, on time, and or personal checks. Valida.ta. was in 151 cities shaw" and rolled unhindered, but slightly in control. by 1975, and the system is growing. sweaty, up-crater and down. The Arkansas sensors give instant warn­ Some non-aerospace companies are using In an obvious next step, Goodyear incor­ ing when trouble develops anywhere in the space technology in everyday business, but porated the new flexible stuff into winter system. Usually before the first irate cus­ the unquestioned leaders are the aerospace radial tires, increasing traction and elimi­ tomer can get to his telephone, control-cen­ companies themselves. nating the need for studs, which some states ter operators have sent electronic com­ "Other industries take a jaundiced view of ban anyway. But Goodyear still wasn't mands to transfer loads and reroute cir­ space technology,'' commented Dan Schneid­ through putting aerospace into that car tire. cuits, thus restoring power. erman of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Company researchers found that Du Pont Similar control centers already a.re op­ Pasadena.. "They think it's too expensive, too had developed a super-strong shroud line, erating at the Bonneville Power Authority complex, or not useful to society." five times stronger than steel, for the yet-to­ in Washington and Oregon, and at utilities "It can take eight to 15 years for the kind come Viking lander parachute. When the in Oklahoma, Michigan, Pennsylvania, and of technology we're looking at to become parachute deploys in that thin Martian air, elsewhere. More and better versions are on useful in our society," Schneiderman pointed three of the new straps will snap taut to hold the way. out. "We've been making a concentrated ef­ Viking's 2300 pounds dangling below. The Utilities aren't the only ones using control­ fort at transferring technology only for the fiber was perfect for the cords of Goodyear's center technology. In a full-circle transfer last fl ve years." new radial tire and the company expects of skills, the aviation industry that spawned As manager of civil systems for JPL, drivers to get an extra 10,000 miles wea.r the space industry is reaping its own re­ Schneiderman is in the forefront. One of his because of it. wards. earthiest projects ca.me directly from JPL's And you don't need to be a landlubber to Major General Thomas P. Stafford flew four research on rocket motors: perfecting a new benefit from space technology. Consider The space missions-the rendezvous with the sewage-treatment system that could have a Boeing hydrofoil from Hong Kong to Macao, Russians his final triumph-before becom­ multibillion-dollar impact on ecology eco­ or between islands in the Hawaiian chain. ing commanding general of the U.S. Air nomics. The waterjet system that sends them skim­ Force's Flight Test Center at Edwards AFB, A chemical engineer ma.de the connection ming along at nearly 50 knots came straight Calif. Among the aircraft being tested under while looking for a lightweight insulator. The from the Sa.turn rockets that sent men to Stafford's command is the B-1 bomber. key: Hydrocarbons can be converted into the moon. "We don't leave anything to chance," Staf- other forms of carbon. "Those waterjet pumps are driven by gas CXXII--1057-Part 14 16760 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1976 turbines we developed for Saturn," says accepted as legal evidence after a Supreme city and county government, along with Rockwell's Joe McNamara., whose eyes light court-approved review, clearly showed pol­ industry, labor, business, the press, and up every ti.me he talks about rockets. "They lution dispersing a.cross Lake Champlain the academic community are united in pump better than 22,000 gallons per minute from a. New York pa.per mill. The suit was a the planned presentation of Michigan's at a.bout 3700 horsepower." legal landma.rk. Landsat and Skylab photography continues bid to capture and develop solar power Rockwell has delivered other units for new for the United States. crew boats being built for offshore oil rigs in to spawn new environmental projects. Ohio, Louisiana. And even better waterjets may be Georgia., and Utah have used the photos to Both the Detroit News and the Detroit on the way. site power plants, take inventory of forests, Free Press have published excellent edi­ Medicine: Medical shows on TV have ex­ assess wildlife, prepare state maps, and check torials noting that Michigan is a "logi­ posed most of us to complex systems that fa.rm ponds and dams. The other 47 states cal" and a "natural" site for the Insti­ monitor patients in intensive care or provide aren't sitting on their old attitudes; they're using the photos in equally productive ways. tute. The editorials follow: on-the-spot telemetry for heart-attack vic­ [From the Detroit News, May 14, 1976) tims lucky enough to live in an are.a with A recent NASA report says: "Crop identlfl­ paramedics on call. ca.tl-0n now is performed routinely by sa.tel­ LOGICAL PLACE FOR SOLAR RESEARCH But how many have heard a.bout the llte . . ." The agency, for example, is in­ Michigan has a. strong case to argue in its liquid-cooled brassiere, or the "auto­ volved in a. massive agriculture test called attempt to bring the proposed federal Solar refractor"? the Large-Area. Crop Inventory Experiment, Energy Research Institute to this state. It The liquid-cooled bra emerged from re­ designed to give food planners accurate ad­ has the kind of technology the project des­ search into space suits and ways to keep vance information on harvests. Think about perately needs. And its university research astronauts comfortable. The bra is now being that the next time you hear the Russians fa.clllties-and minds--are not being ade­ tested as a cancer-screening device. It would may be in the market for U.S. wheat. quately utilized by the federal government. precool a woman's breasts, and thermal pic­ THE BOTTOM LINE At Gov. Mllliken's instigation, the Legisla­ tures would be ma.de, wh ich could show heat­ Nobody knows, nor ever will know, how ture funded the campaign to win the federal radiating tumors that might otherwise be much money, how many jobs, how many research facility with $220,000 and experts missed. lives, space benefits mean to you and me. a.re now writing the proposal. Industries such Developed by Aerotherm Acurex Corp. of But in 1975, Dr. Oska.r Morgenstern tried. as Bendix Corp. a.re committed to it. Com­ Mountain View, (}alifornia, these bras could Morgenstern is chairman of the boa.rd of panies and universities are contributing lead the way to computerized cancer screen­ Mathematica, Inc., in Princeton, New Jersey. enough staff ti.me to more than double the ing. Tests are underway at several research He looked at just four space benefits and dollar value of the study. centers, including the National Cancer presented his findings to the U.S. Congress. New and strong emphasis is being placed Institute. Integrated circuits, those tiny masses of by the federal authority on the potential of Another amazing medical device is the transistors and other components that make solar energy. Most of the basic technology to "auto-refractor," an automated machine in­ ha.ndheld computers work and can be found make it work is known and understood. vented to measure the vision of airline pilots. in automobiles, telephones, TV sets, and However, solar energy has not been widely Perfected and marketed by Acuity Systems almost everything else that can be called adopted for one good reason-the equipment of Reston, Virginia, it measures the eye's electronic, will have added more than $5 required is too expensive. Some means must focus a.nd reads out a prescription for glasses billion to the economy by 1982, counting be found to design components and discover in just four seconds. Hundreds of the ma­ from 1963. materials that will make the gear available to chines are already in use. Gas turbines developed for jets and now the public at affordable prices for such uses Diplomacy: Even the high-level world of used in dozens of electrical-generating as heating and cooling of homes. international relations has felt the push. plants will save more than $110 million in Michigan has the kind of mind to do this Key U.S. embassies a.re equipped to transmit fuel costs by 1982. research. The state ls brimful of engineers and receive on private channels through the A computer program developed to help de­ whose whole being ls devoted to producing Department of Defense's satellite communi­ sign spacecraft, and now used by other in­ the most for the lea.st dollars. Engineers in cations system. The transmissions a.re secure dustries to design complex jobs ranging from the automobile and auto component indus­ and can't be tapped by foreign a.gents. skyscrapers to bridges to railroad cars, wm tries are probably the most cost-effective and But the most exciting diploma.tic aspects save its users more than $700 million by cost-conscious people in the nation. of space technology~urvellla.nce from 1984. This is precisely what the solar program space-remains masked by DOD secrecy. Finally, an obscure benefit like cryogenic needs the work of scientists a.nd engineers Tb.ere a.re satellites that supply high-resolu­ insulation now available for hospitals, heavy who lead in mass production technology and tion photography, electronic eavesdropping, industries, and other places where super­ understand the necessity for getting com­ and sensor-monitoring ca.pa.billties to the cold liquids a.re used, w111 add $1 b11lion to ponent costs down to the irreducible mini­ milltary and the State Department. the economy by 1983. mum. The Defense Dept. allows NASA to use only Yet how does cryogenic insulation affect Up to now, the ,federal government has all inferior equipment, though; whatever NASA me? Or a. computer program for skyscrapers but ignored Michigan as a place for research has, the military has better. Yet enlarge­ affect you? Where does RCA's pioneering activity. This state ranks second to last in ments from "inferior" Skylab photos can work on weather satellites and domestic com­ the nation for "research and development" show aircraft and other items clearly on the munications satellites flt in? Or the fireproof ground. dollar expenditures by the federal govern­ Among known applications of the spy cloth developed by Owens-Corning in re­ ment. sponse to the Apollo tragedy? Or the many, For every federal tax dollar sent to Wash­ photos a.re maps that accurately show every many other items, large and small, that a.re usa.b'le road in countries where U.S. forces ington by Michigan, the state gets back 1.5 could fight, real-time monitoring of major part of the picture? Do they not benefit our cents in research and development projects. foreign troop movements, tracking of society as a. whole? Only Nebraska. fares worse than that. foreign ships and fleets, and surveillance of I thought about something Sen. Proxmire The state is mounting a. strong drive to major construction projects such as missile said before we parted: get the Solar Energy Research Institute be­ "It was enormously satisfying to every­ silos and dams. cause there is a cadre of people who believe Environment: "The ecology movement got body to succeed in the Apollo program. But that this 1s one project tailored to Michi­ its biggest push from Apollo 8," says George if we'd done it 30 years later, would it really gan's industrial-university community. Low without hesitation. "When the world have mattered?" These people contend that if the research saw the pictures those guys brought back­ What do you think? ls LUTION appreciate this but I sure do deserve it." Whereas mall service in the United States CHARLES EvANS HUGHES AWAJU> TO Mr. Skutt's statement rivals Dean Francis ha.s been the mode of communication most BROOKS HAYS Sayre's reference to me, "Brooks loves the accessible to the greatest number of citi­ Presentation of Mr. Hays was by V. J. people of the Ozark hllls from whom he zens; and Skutt, President of Mutual of Omaha, and learned that the profoundest though ts are Whereas the mail has played, and is play- long time member of the Conference. Ex- the lea.st pretentious and a.re best conveyed June 4~ 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16763 by the little chariots of anecdote and gentle from every battlefield and patriot grave to American life. Now, many yea.rs later, more humor." I hope I can live up to that. every living heart and heartstone will yet than I Uke to think about, millions of Amer­ This is a. week of anniversaries. It was five swell the chorus of the union when touched icans have been ma.de aware of NCCJ's im­ score a.nd twelve years ago last Wednesday as they will surely be by the better angels pact and influence towards brotherhood and that Abraham Lincoln spoke to the nation of our nature." improvement in human relations. The con­ a.nd to the world about "government of, by ference continues quietly and steadily to and for the people." It required many dec­ REMARK PREPARED BY LINWOOD HOLTON, RE­ eliminate hatred and bigotry, and many are ades of the processes of emancipation and CIPIENT FOR ELEVENTH ANNUAL CHARLES unaware of the scope and effectiveness of its enfranchisement to make that meaningful EVANS HUGHES AWARD good work. There are a vast number of for our largest minority, our black commu­ It is with high honor and deep hum111ty thoughtful citizens who have given of their nity, and to give meaning to John Locke's that I accept this award-honor because of time and money to help make the conference axiom, "there can be no government of a.nd its distinction and because of the distin­ goal of the brotherhood of man under the for the people unless there be government guished figures in American life who have fatherhood of God a reality. They deserve by the people." been its recipients; hummty because this great credit. It was 198 years ago la.st Thursday tha..t a.ward belongs not so much to me as to the One remembers the reference to Charles the Articles of Confederation were adopted people of Virginia who made that great Com­ Lamb who once said about a stranger, "I a.nd this was a mighty step following the monwealth move toward being a. model of don't like that man." "But," his friend Declaration of Independence in building a race relations during my administration as remonstrated, "you don't even know him." concept of nationhood. governor. "Of course I don't know him,'' he replied, It was 355 years ago last week that the At the time of my inauguration on Jan­ "If I knew him I couldn't dislike him." first baby was born to the Pilgrims, who uary 17, 1970, I called for my fellow Vir­ As Dr. Everett Clinchy so aptly said yea.rs were beginning a new life. The Bicentennial ginians to establish "an aristocracy of ability a.go-we are becoming sensitive to the denial will keep us reminded of anniversaries. regardless of race, color or creed." In the of brotherhood even as we became sensitive I had been pained by the religious ten - pa.st five years we have moved a long way to the problem of human slavery. People no sions developed by the 1928 campaign and toward doing just that. Despite the problems longer take fatalistically the discriminatory had applauded the leadership of Justice engendered by busing, our public schools practices of yesterday. There is a. determined Hughes, Newton D. Baker and others in are truly desegregated. Despite the current struggle by mankind against 1llltera.cy, pov­ launching the Conference program of tol­ economic recession, no one in Virginia. is erty, misgovernment and discrimination. erance and brotherhood. denied a job because of his race. And despite The conference has played a persistent role It was my privilege in 1963 to be received the problems and prejudices that remain, I influencing attitudes and behavior in human in a private audience with Pope John XXIII, am as confident now as I was on that Jan­ rela. tions in the direction of improvement a very moving experience. He said to me, "We uary day of 1970 that Virginia will be a in the minds, the habits and emotions of are brothers in Christ." This is meaningful leader for the nation in race relations. men and women. It continues an important because not every Pope who preceded him Just as these pa.st five yea.rs have seen a fa.ct.or, actuated by religious motivation and would have put it that way. His great spirit new tolerance and harmony emerge in Vir­ frank discussion, in removing areas of dis­ was eloquently described by a Protestant the­ ginia, so they have seen a diminution of the crimination from life in the United States. ologian, John Bennett, who spoke of his passions of extremism in our nation. The The need for understanding, characterized "releasing a humanizing and redemptive promises of the Left are unfulfilled and the by traits of brotherhood, is a daily neces­ force" in our divided world. shibboleths of the Right are unfulftlling. I sity in a world affected by crime and vio­ About the time he greeted me in that way see a new climate of moderation coming in lence, and racial and religious tensions. he uttered words of historic import to a. our country, a real desire to restore fiscal The conference remains engaged, a.nd I group of rabbis. It was after the Ecumenical integrity and a determination to restore the think successfully, in a systematic and Council had reflected his spirit of great good balance between state and federal govern­ united effort on the part of Christians and will. To these visitors of Jewish faith this ments. Jews to improve group relations. man of love, an Italian who bore the name of Such integrity and such a balance in our I have followed with keen interest the Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli, ~aid, "I am your system of federalism are essential compo­ United Nations recent treatment of Zionism. brother Joseph." nents of true conservatism, and in that The debate over Zionism of course is century These incidents signal hope for a stronger sense, the label is one we are proud to bear. old but the debate never happened more base for unity and understanding. Conservatism is not, and must never be prominently and excitedly than Jn the recent Since being recruited by my dear friend, allowed to be, a cover !or racial discrimina­ United Nations meetings. To equate Zionism Ha.stings Harrison, in 1939, I have spoken in tion, nor a legitimizing label for ethnic, with racism is certainly an extreme view 71 American cities in support of Conference religious or racial arrogance or domination. which would not have occurred to me. It has objectives. While we welcome the humanists Conservatism in its noble sense is "a desire always seemed to me part of the ancient who, we will not forget, may also have high to preserve all that is best about our system, Jewish heritage and pa.rt of Jewish religion. motivations, we seek primarily the support of its values and verities, while accepting with Its opponents used it as a cover for anti­ religious motivated Americans. I believe you alacrity the true challenges of inevitable Semitic attack. Mr. Chaim Herzog defended share the sentiment of Dr. Ernest Hocking, change." Zionism as a constructive national move­ "It is only religion, reaching the ultimate The impressive record of this great land, ment saying quite correctly that it is based solitude of the soul, for which our pleasing the progress that has brought one distin­ on a unique and unbroken connection of amiabilities are but husks, that can create guished historian to conclude: "The history some four thousand years between the peo­ the unpurchaseable man and it is only of the American Democracy is the gt'a.dual ple of the book a.nd the land of the Bible. man, unpurchasea.ble by any society who can realization, too rapid for some and too slow However, the recent vigorous Arab activity create the sound society." for others, of the implications of the Declara­ and public statements have attracted wide­ Your role of leadership is awesome. Your tion of Independence,·· has been possible be­ spread interest, following the reference to the religious faith is part of the catalyzing in­ cause that basic philosophy of true conserva­ action of the general assembly of the United fluence needed by the nation. It is not pre­ tism has dominated the approach of suc­ Nations condemning Zionism as a form of sumptuous to suggest that we a.re of the ceeding generations to solving the problems racism. The resolution speaks about a politi­ elite. You have a large leadership role. As of their respective times. cal ideology which has had the effect of citizen voters you hold a high political of­ And that record, that progress, gives ca.use excluding certain people as non-Jews, and fice. As leaders you carry special obligations for optimism that millions of Americans to­ including others as Jews as an ethnic and which must not be treated lightly for as day share my belief m preserving that which not necessarily a religious matter. In essence Chaucer said, "If the gold rust how can has made us the world's greatest nation, the Arab attitude among other things re­ the iron be saved." while seeking to progress as best we can in a lates to the question of expulsion of two mil­ On the basis of my experience as a Con­ world of shrinking resources and of many lion Palestinians from their homeland. ference worker for these three decades I am problems common to the lives of many peo­ Naturally this is no place to discuss the confident that brotherhood and justice have ple in many lands. larger questions relating to the existence of been strengthened and that our future ts Thus we go forward, sharing always the the Jewish state and political problems in brighter because of the Conference contri­ belief of the man from Monticello, that "the that relationship. Zionism of course is of bution to American life. We should have a Creator has made the earth for the living ... direct interest to the National Conference of good portion of the credit for the bright hope nothing then is unchangeable but the in­ Christians and Jews, but it is surprising to that religious bigotry in election campaign­ herent and unalienable rights of man." me that it has become rather suddenly so ing will never threaten us again and that the highly controversial a subject. No doubt this malignancy of the Ku Klux Klan will never is a subject which will receive serious recur. REMARKS BY RoBERT D. MURPHY thought and attention by the conference as I close as I began with a reference to Abra.­ Years a.go when in Berlin Sterling Brown time goes on. ham Lincoln whose words always carried first talked to me about the national con­ President Hyatt recently pointed out that conviction to his moving statement, "I have ference of Christians and Jews, I had never for nearly fifty yea.rs the Na..tionaJ Conference not suffered from the South, I have suffered heard of the organization. When I learned of Christians and Jews has been committed with the South." As a reunited people we more about it, what appealed to me most was to a nationwide education program to com­ can share his hope for our beloved country. the knowledge that the organization had be­ bat bigotry and hatred. This organization "The mystic chords of memory stretching oome a tremendous force for brotherhood in has enjoyed the support of many thousands 16764 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1976 of thoughtful men and women who have power over energy efficiency and solar to Mars to find topography that ls a suitable worked to strengthen national unity and to energy, administration opPosition to the metaphor for the White House energy effi­ build interracial and interreligious under­ Energy Conservation Act of 1976, and ciency gap. The only thing more scandalous than the standing. Our Nation surely has the will and the Ford-Rockefeller propooal for a $100 resources to remedy our problems. The crea­ massive waste of energy in our society, with tivity and dynamism of our business, indus­ billion energy independence authority. its corrosive effect on our standard of living trial and governmental leadership will dem­ The Nader statement accurately Por­ and our national security, is the footdragging onstrate our capacity to deal with our trays a problem which Congress is all of the White House when it comes to public problems large and small. too aware of, the Ford administration's policies that would promote energy efficiency. It is well to remind ourselves that the preference for policies that recklessly Three recent Ford Administration actions nation-al conference is a non-profit human promote energy supply options regard­ regarding energy policy illustrate how the relations organization actively engaged in a less of their public safety, environmen­ White House has made energy efficiency a controversial Issue rather than a consensus nation-wide program of intergroup education tal, economic, and employment conse­ designed to eliminate prejudice and discrimi­ policy which accurately reflects our national nation. It works to build bridges of under­ quences. Public policies which, instead, interests. standing a.nd to bring forces of enlighten­ would promote more efficient use of en­ First, there is the Energy Research and ment and education to bear upon racial a.nd ergy would reduce our need for imported Development Administration's budget. While religious prejudice. It believes in giving to oil at lower economic and environmental the White House preaches energy efficiency, others the same rights and respect we de­ costs and years sooner than Policies that it practices atomic socialism. The ERDA sire for ourselves. simply promote energy production at any budget is overwhelmingly devoted to the nu­ This year, and at Thanksgiving, we are cost. Moreover, policies that promote en­ clear fuel cycle and the breeder reactor pro­ able to express special gratitude for the ergy efficiency investments will create gram. Last October the congressional Office events which have brought Christians and of Technology Assessment characterized Jews close together. The declaration on more jobs, better distributed geographi­ ERDA's energy conservation plans as "timid Catholic-Jewish relations in 1965 by Vatican cally, than would be created by similar and underfunded, despite strong congres­ Council II advanced understanding, it is investments in nuclear power and other sional encouragement." Just last month said, farther than at any period since the centralized energy supply systems. ERDA appeared to change its stripes when it early Christian church separated from its I compliment Ralph Nader for spon­ announced its new budget with the procla­ Jewish roots nearly twenty centuries a.go. soring his conference on energy efficiency mation that "energy efficiency technolo­ Perhaps the most signlflcant contribution and I commend his remarks to the at­ gies . . . are now ranked with several supply of the United States to the theory of govern­ tention of my colleagues: technologies as being the highest priority for ment is the principle of religious freedom. national action.'' In our country ever since 1634 the principle ENERGY EFFICIENCY AS A NATIONAL PRIORITY The fact is that the· ERDA budget of $91 of religious freedom has been firmly safe­ (Opening Remarks by Ralph Nader, May 20, million for energy efficiency technologies guarded, subject of course to sporadic waver­ 1976) continues to reflect a priority fa.r below that ing on the pa.rt of people administering the Welcome to our conference on public poli­ given to the atomic power "supply tech­ laws. In our early days we passed through cies to promote energy efficiency. We have nology." The increased spending on energy unhappy moments when full citizenship was prepared this conference with three purposes conservation technologies for fiscal year 1977 denied Jews and even Unitarians. Roger Wil­ in mind: looks good only when compared to the token liams proclaimed Rhode Island a refuge for (1) to bring to public attention outstand­ amounts spent in that area in the past. the persecuted and that colony dis­ ing exam.pies of cost-effective energy saving When compared instead with ERDA's spend­ franchised Jews and Catholics. Individual projects which demonstrate the potential for ing on atomic power, the ERDA budget for States kept on the books for generations re­ cutting U.S. per capita energy use by 50 energy efficiency teohnologies turns out to ligious tests directed mainly against Catho­ percent; be less than the cost overruns on its breeder lics, Jews and Quakers. The middle eights (2) to hea.r energy efficiency experts and reactor program alone. saw the infamous know-nothing fanning the public officials describe public policy initia­ Solar energy did not do much better at spark of anti-Catholicism into a consuming tives that would promote the nationwide ERDA this year. The solar budget of $116 flame of hate. In 1920 the Ku Klux Klan de­ duplication of the successful energy saving million is only 10 % of the more than $1 veloped a. most formidable hate movement projects described at the conference; and billion atomic fission budget and on1y 6% which promoted mob-spirited lynching of (3) to bring together business, consumer, of the ERDA's total budget. One of the Negroes, adding Catholics and Jews to a labor, and government representatives to paradoxes of the ERDA budget ls that while nation wide hate mongering llst. create a. stronger constituency to support ERDA ls spending five times as much on the Of course there was much more to the public policy initiatives which promote en­ breeder program in fiscal year 1977 as it is problems than this brief reference. I believe ergy efficiency. on solar energy, its own understated projec­ it is timely to remember the history of these Evidence that it is technically and eco­ tion of the role of solar technologies by the developments in hatred and prejudice which nomically feasible to cut per capita energy year 2000 predicts more energy from solar were overcome by the courage of good-will use in this country by 50 percent abounds. technologies in that year than from the and the crystalllz1ng of public opinion. At Many panelists here today will describe en­ breeder. the same time it is well to safeguard our ergy efficiency projects that have cut energy ERDA's misplaced priorities can be partly current situation to avoid unwittingly slip­ use by 50 percent or more in homes, office traced to the White House's Office of Man­ ping into an unexpected tide of intolerance. buildings, and factories. Additional evidence agement and Budget. Even the atomic­ Having bought truth dear, we must not sell of our massive waste of energy can be found powered ERDA wanted to budget somewhat it cheap. by reference to energy use in Sweden and more funds for energy efficiency technologies West Germany, highly industrialized coun­ and solar technologies than OMB would per­ tries which use only one half the energy per mit. OMB hacked a.way so much of the re­ NATIONAL CONFERENCE TO PRO­ capita consumed in this country. quested funding that John Teem, ERDA'S MOTE ENERGY EFFICIENCY As Roger Sant, the Federal Energy Admin­ solar energy director, resigned. istration's departing energy conservation ad­ The second ilustration of the White House ministrator, has said, by improving our en­ energy efficiency gap was provided by the ergy efficiency "we could stop our energy Ford Administration's testimony on the pro­ HON. ANDREW MAGUIRE growth right now," while our economy con­ posed Energy Conservation Act of 1976, which OF NEW JERSEY tinued to expand. A man who talks like that would encourage energy efficiency improve­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES can't expect to la.st long in the energy­ ments where they would have the most effect, growth-oriented Ford Administration and, in the vast population of existing homes, Friday, June 4, 1976 sure enough, Sant is on his way out. commercial buildings, and factories. Many Mr. MAGUIRE. Mr. Speaker, Ralph There are basically two energy efficiency existing buildings a.re literally designed to Nader recently sponsored a national con­ problems in this country today. One is the waste energy. They are overlighted, over­ intolerable gap between our present efficiency heated, overcooled, overventilated, and over­ ference on public policies to promote en­ of energy use and the energy efficiency which exposed to the outdoor environment by poor ergy efficiency, in Washington, D.C., we know is economically and technically design and inadequate insulation. If they May 20-21. In his opening remarks to the feasible. The second problem can be char­ were automobiles, we would call them conference, Nader described the Ford acterized a.s another kind of energy efficiency "lemons," and there would be massive re­ administration's foot-dragging on energy gap, the "White House energy efficiency gap." calls for correction of defects. efficiency policies as creating a "White The White House energy efficiency gap is The proposed Energy Conservation Act House energy efficiency gap," the gap be­ the gap between White House lip service to would do the next best thing. Among other the goal of using energy more efficiently and things, it would provide loan guarantees and tween White House Up service to energy actual Ford Administration policies regard­ interest subsidies to make it easier for the efficie~cy and actual Ford administra­ ing energy efficiency. The breadth and depth owners of these structural lemons to borrow tion policies. Nader illustrated the White of the Ford Administration's energy effi­ money to invest in energy efficiency improve­ House energy efficiency gap with refer­ ciency gap make the Grand Canyon shrink ments. It would also finance state energy ences to ERDA's preference for atomic by comparison. We have to send spaceships conservation programs which would educate June 7, 1976 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 16765 consumers on how to save energy and pro­ The EIA is the preeminent example of the tal in relatively inefficient energy supply sys~ vide energy audits to guide wise investments Ford Administration's general policy of favor­ terns. That is, inefficient investments would in energy saving modifications by home­ ing programs which divert scarce capital to be piled upon inefficient investments. owners, businessmen, and manufacturers. energy producers as the primary answer to The preferable alternative is to encourage Surely such modest proposals to guide our energy problems. Although the departing more capital efficient investments in energy energy users to improved efficiency would be Roger Sa.nt has repeatedly testified and lec­ efficiency. Panelists at this conference will be expected to gain the support of an Adminis­ tured that a barrel of oil saved ls as good as a describing many opportunities for cost ef­ tration committed to a Project Independence barrel produced, the White House isn't fective investments in energy efficiency im­ program. listening. provements in both existing and new build­ Yet when hearings were held on the Energy Many experts are now talking about energy ings a.nd industrial processes. At Ohio State Oonservation Act in February, the White saving investments that can save a barrel of University, for example, modifications of six House sent a Federal Energy Administration oil equivalency at a cost of only a few dollars campus buildings have cut electricity use by spokesman to tell the Congress that the rather than the current average price of $11 one third and natural gas use by two thirds Energy Conservation Act ls "premature," and per barrel of oil in this country. For example, at a cost which was repaid in less than eight that any major public policy initiative in the the American Institute of Architects, which months. area of energy efficiency "ought to be pre­ will be represented on two panels Friday In addition to reducing our need for im­ ceded by sound analysis of consumer and in­ morning, has calculated that investments in ported oil, investments in energy efficiency dustrial behavior, which could give us some improving the energy efficiency of new and can improve our economy by reducing infla­ indication of the effectivenes.s of measures t.o existing buildings sufficient to save 12 mil­ tion through improved economic efficiency promote energy conservation." lion barrels of oil a day by 1990 would be a and, in the opinion of many experts, increase Just think about that advice for a moment. much more productive use of scarce capital employment because energy efficiency in­ That's like te111ng a person who is hemor­ than investments in traditional centralized vestments tend to create more jobs than en­ rhaging from an open wound to sit back and energy supply systems during the same ergy supply investments. study the problem rather than stifling the period. Other experts appearing on panels The persistence of the White House sup­ bleeding. The truth is, of course, that major today and tomorrow have demonstrated port for policies that would divert capital public policy initiatives to reduce energy many opportunities to save energy through into less productive energy supply invest­ waste are not premature; they are long over­ investments that effectively "produce" ener­ ments in preference to policies that would due. gy at surprisingly low costs. promote energy efficiency investments is, in In addition to the footdragging on energy White House footdragging on energy effi­ short, a policy of less bang for the buck. Such efficiency initiatives represented by its budget ciency and efforts to allocate vast amounts of a policy ts based on the White House's undue priorities and its opposition to the Energy scarce capital to energy supply systems may reliance on the energy supply industry for Conservation Act, a third White House policy please the energy industry, but such policies guidance on energy policy. It is time for the which illustrates the White House energy ef­ are not in the national interest. Investment White House to hear from experts in the ficiency gap is the Ford-Rockefeller proposal in uneconomic energy supply options such as field of energy efficiency, such as the panel­ for a $100 billion Energy Independence Au­ atomic power is actually increasing our need ists and many members of the audience at thority. Although the White House opposes for imported oil. This occurs because our this conference. Since ERDA and FEA are the Energy Conservation Act's encourage­ energy use is so inefficient that more energy presumably knowledgeable in this area, the ment of investments in energy efficiency, it could be saved by investing a given amount weak link must be at the White House and supports the EIA, which would allocate capi­ of money in needed energy efficiency im­ its Office of Management and Budget. There­ tal to synthetic fuels plants, uranium en­ provements rather than in atomic power and fore, following this conference, I will request richment, atomic fuel reprocessing, and the other expensive energy supply systems. Today a future meeting between representatives federal purchase of atomic power plants for the loss in capital efficiency represented by of the White House and several of the panel­ lease to electric utllities. This proposal should investments in atomic power is being made ists and other experts attending the confer­ be called the "Energy Cartel Subsidy Act," up by importing more oil. In the future, the ence to familiarize the White House with the since its basic purpose ls to subsidize our Ford Administration's EIA would try to re­ reasons why energy efficiency should be a domestic energy cartel. duce oil imports by investing even more capt- national priority in fact as well as in name.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVE1S-Monday, June 7, 1976 The House met at 12 o'clock noon. ceedings and announces to the House his cation, and public or social service informa­ The Chaplain, Rev. Edward G. Latch, approval thereof. tion, and for other purposes. D.D., offered the following prayer: Without objection, the Journal stands Render to all their dues: tribute to approved. CONSENT CALENDAR There was no objection. whom tribute is due * * * honor to The SPEAKER. This is Consent Cal­ whom honor.-Romans 13: 7. endar day. The Clerk will call the first Almighty God, our Father, may this MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT bill on the Consent Calendar. be a day of tender recollection as we gather here having heard the word that A message in writing from the Pres­ our beloved Speaker has decided to re­ ident of the United States was communi­ cated to the House by Mr. Marks, one of PROVIDING FOR REAPPOINTMENT tire at the end of this year. Before Thee OF JAMES E. WEBB AS A CITIZEN and in the presence of our visitors we his secretaries, who also informed the House that on the following dates the REGENT OF BOARD OF REGENTS would give tribute to him who deserves OF SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION our tribute and honor to him who merits President approved and signed bills of all the honor we can give him. Always the House of the following titles: The Clerk called the joint resolution will we remember him with genuine and On June 4, 1976: (H.J. Res. 863) to provide for the reap­ grateful affection. We think of his no­ H.R. 8719. An act to provide for an amend­ pointment of James E. Webb as a citi­ bility of character, his devotion to his ment to the Washington Metropolitan Area zen regent of the Board of Regents of party and his country, his generous good Transit Regulation Compact to provide for the Smithsonian Institution. the protection of the patrons, personnel, and There being no objection, the Clerk will to all, his life as a genuine good man, property of the Washington Metropolitan and his faith in Thy presence in the hu::­ Area Transit Authority; read the joint resolution as follows: man heart. H.R. 12132. An act to extend as an emer­ H.J. RES. 863 Father, this is a little prayer on be­ gency measure for one year the District of Resolved by the Senate and House of Rep­ half of a great man whom we pray will Columbia Medical and Dental Manpower Act resentatives of the United States of America of 1970; and in Congress assembled, That the vacancy in live a long time enjoying the benefits of H.R. 12453. An act to authorize appropria­ the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian In­ a life well lived and well spent. "He most tions to the National Aeronautics and Space stitution, of the class other than Members of lives who thinks most, feels the noblest, Administration for research and develop­ Congress, which will occur by the expiration acts the best." ment, construction of facilities, and research of the term of James E. Webb, of Washing­ Hear us in the spirit of Him who gives and program management, and for other ton, District of Columbia, on May 18, 1976, life to all, Jesus Christ, our Lord. Amen. purposes. be filled by the reappointment of the present On June 5, 1976: incumbent for the statutory term of six H.R. 9630. An act to extend the Educa­ yea.rs. THE JOURNAL tional Broadcasting Facilities Program. and to provide authority for the support of dem­ The joint resolution was ordered to be The SPEAKER. The Chair has exam­ onstrations in telecommunications tech­ engrossed and read a third time, was ined the Journal of the last day's pro- nologies for the distribution of health, edu- read the third time, and passed, and a