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Adagio for the Internet of Things Iot Penetration Testing and Security Analysis of a Smart Plug
DEGREE PROJECT IN COMPUTER ENGINEERING, FIRST CYCLE, 15 CREDITS STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN 2021 Adagio For The Internet Of Things IoT penetration testing and security analysis of a smart plug RAMAN SALIH KTH ROYAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER SCIENCE Adagio For The Internet Of Things IoT penetration testing and security analysis of a smart plug Raman Salih Supervisor: Pontus Johnson Examiner: Robert Lagerström Abstract— The emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) Index Terms— Hacking; Wi-Fi; Threat model; IoT security; shows us that more and more devices will be connected to Smart plug the internet for all types of different purposes. One of those devices, the smart plug, have been rapidly deployed because I. INTRODUCTION of the ease it brings users into achieving home automation by turning their previous dumb devices smart by giving them As technology becomes smaller, faster, and more the means of controlling the devices remotely. These IoT connected over time it leads to more and more potential devices that gives the user control could however pose devices to join the internet and exchange data between serious security problems if their vulnerabilities were not carefully investigated and analyzed before we blindly themselves. Everything from coffee makers to blinds for your integrate them into our everyday life. In this paper, we do a windows may one day be connected to the internet and be threat model and subsequent penetration testing on a smart controlled remotely and dynamically. This category of plug system made by particular brand by exploiting its devices is known as the Internet of Things (IoT) and is set to singular communication protocol and we successfully launch reach 20.4 billion connected devices by 2020 according to a five attacks: a replay attack, a MCU tampering attack, a forecast made by Gartner 1 . -
A Letter to the FCC [PDF]
Before the FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Washington, DC 20554 In the Matter of ) ) Amendment of Part 0, 1, 2, 15 and 18 of the ) ET Docket No. 15170 Commission’s Rules regarding Authorization ) Of Radio frequency Equipment ) ) Request for the Allowance of Optional ) RM11673 Electronic Labeling for Wireless Devices ) Summary The rules laid out in ET Docket No. 15170 should not go into effect as written. They would cause more harm than good and risk a significant overreach of the Commission’s authority. Specifically, the rules would limit the ability to upgrade or replace firmware in commercial, offtheshelf home or smallbusiness routers. This would damage the compliance, security, reliability and functionality of home and business networks. It would also restrict innovation and research into new networking technologies. We present an alternate proposal that better meets the goals of the FCC, not only ensuring the desired operation of the RF portion of a WiFi router within the mandated parameters, but also assisting in the FCC’s broader goals of increasing consumer choice, fostering competition, protecting infrastructure, and increasing resiliency to communication disruptions. If the Commission does not intend to prohibit the upgrade or replacement of firmware in WiFi devices, the undersigned would welcome a clear statement of that intent. Introduction We recommend the FCC pursue an alternative path to ensuring Radio Frequency (RF) compliance from WiFi equipment. We understand there are significant concerns regarding existing users of the WiFi spectrum, and a desire to avoid uncontrolled change. However, we most strenuously advise against prohibiting changes to firmware of devices containing radio components, and furthermore advise against allowing nonupdatable devices into the field. -
Home Automation for Tinkerers
Home Automation for tinkerers Abílio Costa [email protected] Once upon a time... Where it all begun ● I had 3 wireless power sockets! (yay?) ● But I was using only one. Why? ○ Only a single remote: ■ How to use the other two in different rooms? ○ They were dumb. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯ ■ It would be nice to have one of them turn on/off on a schedule? Poor man’s solution ● An Arduino Nano + 433MHz RF transmitter + RF receiver. ○ Total cost: less than 5€. ○ Arduino sketch using the RC Switch library. ○ USB to a Raspberry Pi for the brains. ○ Script on the Raspberry Pi; exposing HTTP endpoints. ● My home was now so very smart! ○ Control each power socket through my phone. ○ Office desk power turns on automatically when I get home. ○ Bedroom lamp turned on automatically after the morning alarm. ○ I could buy more power sockets, even from other brands! ● The same idea can be used to interact with many other things: ○ Alarm sensors; Doorbells; Garage doors; etc. Next step: home automation software Why? ● Better management (my script wasn't going very far). ● Allow integrating other devices besides the power plugs. ● Make devices from different brands / protocols talk to each other. ● UI included! Home automation solutions ● Open-source software: ○ Home Assistant ○ Domoticz ○ OpenHAB ○ Pimatic ● Commercial hardware + software: ○ SmartThings ○ Vera ○ Xiaomi Home Assistant Home Assistant ● Good looking and customizable web UI (uses Google Polymer). ● Lightweight; extra functionality added with a plugin-like system. ● Very powerful automation engine (IFTTT on steroids). ● Autodiscovery: many devices will just show up without any config! ● Local: no cloud dependency! ● REST API available. -
How to Install / Use Custom Firmware (Or CFW) on Any Sony
www.markfixesstuff.co.uk Mark Fixes Stuff ‐ Sony PSP CFW guide V1.0 How to install / use Custom Firmware (or CFW) on any Sony PSP Scope: This document is intended to enable you to use Custom Firmware on you Playstation Portable console. It will work as a permanent install for PSP models in the 1000 and 2000 series, and will also function on later models as a loader that can be initiates at the start of each play session. Notes: ‐ I did not write this firmware! Credit for this goes to DJ Godman! ‐ This process is reversible, although as with any hack there is an unlikely chance you might brick your system. I cannot take responsibility for any issues you might encounter. ‐ I have use this process countless times with no problems. ‐ Although this process will allow the playing of pirated ISO files, I do not endorse nor condone piracy, and this process is described to allow you to use homebrew PSP games, emulators or your own ripped software that you own. Please read the entire document first and then you will be able to use it for reference as you hack your PSP! www.markfixesstuff.co.uk Mark Fixes Stuff ‐ Sony PSP CFW guide V1.0 Process: 1. Determine your current Official Firmware (OFW) Version. From the dashboard select Settings, then System Settings. Then System Information. You will see your PSP's official firmware version. Here it's 6.60. You will need at least 6.20!!! www.markfixesstuff.co.uk Mark Fixes Stuff ‐ Sony PSP CFW guide V1.0 2. -
Demystifying Internet of Things Security Successful Iot Device/Edge and Platform Security Deployment — Sunil Cheruvu Anil Kumar Ned Smith David M
Demystifying Internet of Things Security Successful IoT Device/Edge and Platform Security Deployment — Sunil Cheruvu Anil Kumar Ned Smith David M. Wheeler Demystifying Internet of Things Security Successful IoT Device/Edge and Platform Security Deployment Sunil Cheruvu Anil Kumar Ned Smith David M. Wheeler Demystifying Internet of Things Security: Successful IoT Device/Edge and Platform Security Deployment Sunil Cheruvu Anil Kumar Chandler, AZ, USA Chandler, AZ, USA Ned Smith David M. Wheeler Beaverton, OR, USA Gilbert, AZ, USA ISBN-13 (pbk): 978-1-4842-2895-1 ISBN-13 (electronic): 978-1-4842-2896-8 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-2896-8 Copyright © 2020 by The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Open Access This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this book are included in the book’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. -
Is Published Semi-Annually by the Journal on Telecommunications & High Technology Law, Campus Box 401, Boulder, CO 80309-040
JOURNAL ON TELECOMMUNICATIONS & HIGH TECHNOLOGY LAW is published semi-annually by the Journal on Telecommunications & High Technology Law, Campus Box 401, Boulder, CO 80309-0401 ISSN: 1543-8899 Copyright © 2009 by the Journal on Telecommunications & High Technology Law an association of students sponsored by the University of Colorado School of Law and the Silicon Flatirons Telecommunications Program. POSTMASTER: Please send address changes to JTHTL, Campus Box 401, Boulder, CO 80309-0401 Subscriptions Domestic volume subscriptions are available for $45.00. City of Boulder subscribers please add $3.74 sales tax. Boulder County subscribers outside the City of Boulder please add $2.14 sales tax. Metro Denver subscribers outside of Boulder County please add $1.85 sales tax. Colorado subscribers outside of Metro Denver please add $1.31 sales tax. International volume subscriptions are available for $50.00. Inquiries concerning ongoing subscriptions or obtaining an individual issue should be directed to the attention of JTHTL Managing Editor at [email protected] or by writing JTHTL Managing Editor, Campus Box 401, Boulder, CO 80309-0401. Back issues in complete sets, volumes, or single issues may be obtained from: William S. Hein & Co., Inc., 1285 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14209. Back issues may also be found in electronic format for all your research needs on HeinOnline http://heinonline.org/. Manuscripts JTHTL invites the submission of unsolicited manuscripts. Please send softcopy manuscripts to the attention of JTHTL Articles Editors at [email protected] in Word or PDF formats or through ExpressO at http://law.bepress.com/expresso. Hardcopy submissions may be sent to JTHTL Articles Editors, Campus Box 401, Boulder, CO 80309-0401. -
Enhancing Plug and Play Capabilities in Body Area Network Protocols
Enhancing Plug and Play Capabilities in Body Area Network Protocols A Major Qualifying Project Report: Submitted to the Faculty Of the WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science By: ____________________________ Ryan Danas ____________________________ Douglas Lally ____________________________ Nathaniel Miller ____________________________ John Synnott Date: March 10, 2014 Approved: ____________________________ Prof. Krishna Kumar Venkatasubramanian, Advisor ____________________________ Prof. Craig A. Shue, Co-Advisor 1 Abstract This project aimed to create a plug-and-play protocol for Body Area Networks (BANs). This protocol enables communication between a diverse number of devices and a base station, regardless of equipment manufacturer. Previous BANs rely on either proprietary software, or protocols that are specialized to the physical device. This protocol takes a more universal approach, allowing any arbitrary device to participate in a BAN without introducing any significant overhead or running cost to the operation of that BAN. Unlike previous approaches, any existing motes and the base station will not have to be updated. Only new devices being added to the BAN will have to implement the protocol before connecting. Our protocol introduces overhead that reduced the performance and lifetime of the motes used in our BAN. 2 Table of Contents Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................................................ -
2020-Floss-Roadmap.Pdf
-1- -2- Why do we need a 2020 FLOSS1 Roadmap? Based in Paris, Open World Forum (openworldforum.org) is a forum dedicated to FLOSS, its players and projects. OWF offers all contributors this open space in which they can express their own vision of FLOSS. 2020 FLOSS Roadmap is the Open World Forum’s main manifesto, and is designed to support discussions taking place during the different OWF seminars and forums. This is a prospective Roadmap, and a projection of the influences that will affect FLOSS between now (2008) and 2020, with descriptions of all FLOSS-related trends as anticipated by OWF contributors over this period of time. It also highlights all sectors that will, potentially, be impacted by FLOSS, from the economy to the Information Society. It is easy to find a wealth of writings on the subject of FLOSS contributed by various analysts, but this study represents a first, not just because of its inward looking vision of the future of the FLOSS Community itself, but also because it is the result of a collaborative effort by all OWF contributors. This first version of 2020 Roadmap is open to comment, and will be re-assessed annually during the OWF. Studies have been carried out in seven key areas: Theme 1: Public policies: promoting sustainable development of shared resources Theme 2: FLOSS: the key to future innovation and competitive differentiation? Theme 3: Ensuring sustainability for FLOSS developer communities and business ecosystems Theme 4: Technological and economic breakthroughs: challenge or opportunity for FLOSS? Theme 5: IT 3.0: towards new governance for information systems? Theme 6: FLOSS: a lever for employment and careers Theme 7: FLOSS in an Open World: Innovations and best practices from Brazil In the first section, we have summarized the discussions that took place during the study period, and this is followed by a special focus on Cloud Computing. -
Open Source Software
The Medicine Behind the Image OOppeenn SSoouurcrcee SSoofftwtwaarere -- IIss iitt aa VViiaabbllee AAlltteerrnnaattiivvee foforr aa HHeeaalltthhccaarree IInnssttiittuuttiioonn?? David Clunie, MBBS, FRACR CTO - RadPharm, Inc. AAcckknnoowwleleddggeemmeenntsts • Several recent presentations by various PACS luminaries – Steve Langer (Mayo) – Brad Erickson (Mayo) – Paul Nagy (University of Maryland) – Steve Horii (University of Pennsylvania) • Most recent (RSNA 2005) talk at OpenRad – http://www.openrad.com/rsnaopensource.pdf IIss PPrroopprriieettaarryy PPAACCSS VViiaabbllee ?? • Why are PACS much more expensive than the underlying off-the-shelf PC, server and storage hardware ? • How profitable is PACS for the vendor ? • Will the vendor fail or be acquired ? • Will the installed base survive acquisition ? • Will there be long term support ? • How long will the current offering last before sites are forced to upgrade ? • Big vendors are not immune - how many PACS have the they built or acquired then orphaned ? • Is their pace of innovation sufficient ? It only needs to be “incrementally better than the competition” IIss OOppeenn SSoouurcrcee VViaiabblele ?? • Does it exist for your application ? • How much hand-holding do you need ? • Open source deployment is about taking control • With control comes responsibility • Requires that you have the necessary expertise to deploy and support - may be out-sourced WhatWhat isis OpenOpen SourceSource SoftwareSoftware ?? • Open source software (OSS) licensees are free to: – Use software for any purpose -
Timing Comparison of the Real-Time Operating Systems for Small Microcontrollers
S S symmetry Article Timing Comparison of the Real-Time Operating Systems for Small Microcontrollers Ioan Ungurean 1,2 1 Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania; [email protected] 2 MANSiD Integrated Center, Stefan cel Mare University, 720229 Suceava, Romania Received: 9 March 2020; Accepted: 1 April 2020; Published: 8 April 2020 Abstract: In automatic systems used in the control and monitoring of industrial processes, fieldbuses with specific real-time requirements are used. Often, the sensors are connected to these fieldbuses through embedded systems, which also have real-time features specific to the industrial environment in which it operates. The embedded operating systems are very important in the design and development of embedded systems. A distinct class of these operating systems is real-time operating systems (RTOSs) that can be used to develop embedded systems, which have hard and/or soft real-time requirements on small microcontrollers (MCUs). RTOSs offer the basic support for developing embedded systems with applicability in a wide range of fields such as data acquisition, internet of things, data compression, pattern recognition, diversity, similarity, symmetry, and so on. The RTOSs provide basic services for multitasking applications with deterministic behavior on MCUs. The services provided by the RTOSs are task management and inter-task synchronization and communication. The selection of the RTOS is very important in the development of the embedded system with real-time requirements and it must be based on the latency in the handling of the critical operations triggered by internal or external events, predictability/determinism in the execution of the RTOS primitives, license costs, and memory footprint. -
Rootfs Made Easy with Buildroot
Kernel Recipes 2013 Rootfs made easy with Buildroot How kernel developers can finally solve the rootfs problem. Thomas Petazzoni Bootlin [email protected] - Kernel, drivers and embedded Linux - Development, consulting, training and support - https://bootlin.com 1/1 Thomas Petazzoni I CTO and embedded Linux engineer at Bootlin I Embedded Linux development: kernel and driver development, system integration, boot time and power consumption optimization, consulting, etc. I Embedded Linux training, Linux driver development training and Android system development training, with materials freely available under a Creative Commons license. I We're hiring! I http://bootlin.com I Contributing the kernel support for the new Armada 370 and Armada XP ARM SoCs from Marvell (widely used in NAS devices). I Major contributor to Buildroot, an open-source, simple and fast embedded Linux build system I Living in Toulouse, south west of France - Kernel, drivers and embedded Linux - Development, consulting, training and support - https://bootlin.com 2/1 Doing kernel development is awesome, but... - Kernel, drivers and embedded Linux - Development, consulting, training and support - https://bootlin.com 3/1 A kernel without a root filesystem is kind of useless input: ImExPS/2 Generic Explorer Mouse as /devices/fpga:07/serio1/input/input1 Root-NFS: no NFS server address VFS: Unable to mount root fs via NFS, trying floppy. VFS: Cannot open root device "(null)" or unknown-block(2,0) Please append a correct "root=" boot option; here are the available partitions: Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(2,0) - Kernel, drivers and embedded Linux - Development, consulting, training and support - https://bootlin.com 4/1 Solutions often used by kernel dev I A complete Linux distribution + Readily available - Large (can hardly be used as an initramfs) - Not available for all architectures - Not easy to customize. -
A Reliable Booting System for Zynq Ultrascale+ Mpsoc Devices
A reliable booting system for Zynq Ultrascale+ MPSoC devices An embedded solution that provides fallbacks in different parts of the Zynq MPSoC booting process, to assure successful booting into a Linux operating system. A thesis presented for the Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering at the University of Applied Sciences Utrecht Name Nekija Dˇzemaili Student ID 1702168 University supervisor Corn´eDuiser CERN supervisors Marc Dobson & Petr Zejdlˇ Field of study Electrical Engineering (embedded systems) CERN-THESIS-2021-031 17/03/2021 February 15th, 2021 Geneva, Switzerland A reliable booting system for Zynq Ultrascale+ MPSoC devices Disclaimer The board of the foundation HU University of Applied Sciences in Utrecht does not accept any form of liability for damage resulting from usage of data, resources, methods, or procedures as described in this report. Duplication without consent of the author or the college is not permitted. If the graduation assignment is executed within a company, explicit consent of the company is necessary for duplication or copying of text from this report. Het bestuur van de Stichting Hogeschool Utrecht te Utrecht aanvaardt geen enkele aansprakelijkheid voor schade voortvloeiende uit het gebruik van enig gegeven, hulpmiddel, werkwijze of procedure in dit verslag beschreven. Vermenigvuldiging zonder toestemming van de auteur(s) en de school is niet toegestaan. Indien het afstudeerwerk in een bedrijf is verricht, is voor vermenigvuldiging of overname van tekst uit dit verslag eveneens toestemming van het bedrijf vereist. N. Dˇzemaili page 1 of 110 A reliable booting system for Zynq Ultrascale+ MPSoC devices Preface This thesis was written for the BSc Electrical Engineering degree of the HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, the Netherlands.