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Diluviocola Capensis Gen. and Sp. Nov., a Freshwater Ascomycete with Unique Polar Caps on the Ascospores
Diluviocola capensis gen. and sp. nov., a freshwater ascomycete with unique polar caps on the ascospores • 1* • 1 2 Kevm D. Hyde, Sze-Wmg Wong and E.B. Gareth Jones IFungal Diversity Research Project, Department of Ecology and Biodiversity, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong; * email: [email protected] 2Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong Hyde, K.D., Wong, S.W. and Jones, E.B.G. (1998). Diluviocola capensis gen. et sp. nov., a freshwater ascomycete with unique polar caps on the ascospores. Fungal Diversity 1: 133-146. Diluviocola capensis gen. and sp. novois described from wood submerged in a river in Brunei. The fungus is similar to species in Annulatascus, but it has unique ascospore appendages. In D. capensis ascospores have polar conical caps. After release from the ascus these polar caps detach from the tip, and a thread-like appendage unfurls from within the cap. EM micrographs indicate that the appendage comprises a network of inter-linked rod-like fibrils. This appendage structure is compared with the appendage structure in Annulatascus bipolaris and Halosarpheia species. Diluviocol(l is also compared to Annulatascus, Rivulicola and Proboscispora, genera which share some similar characteristics at the light and electron microscope levels. Introduction Ascospores with unfurling polar thread-like appendages are common amongst tropical freshwater ascomycetes e.g. Aniptodera lignatilis KD. Hyde (Hyde, 1992a), Annulatascus bipolaris KD. Hyde (Hyde, 1992b), Halosarpheia aquadulcis S.Y. Hsieh, H.S. Chang and E.RG. Jones (Hsieh et al., 1995), H. heteroguttulata S.W. -
臺灣紅樹林海洋真菌誌 林 海 Marine Mangrove Fungi 洋 真 of Taiwan 菌 誌 Marine Mangrove Fungimarine of Taiwan
臺 灣 紅 樹 臺灣紅樹林海洋真菌誌 林 海 Marine Mangrove Fungi 洋 真 of Taiwan 菌 誌 Marine Mangrove Fungi of Taiwan of Marine Fungi Mangrove Ka-Lai PANG, Ka-Lai PANG, Ka-Lai PANG Jen-Sheng JHENG E.B. Gareth JONES Jen-Sheng JHENG, E.B. Gareth JONES JHENG, Jen-Sheng 國 立 臺 灣 海 洋 大 G P N : 1010000169 學 售 價 : 900 元 臺灣紅樹林海洋真菌誌 Marine Mangrove Fungi of Taiwan Ka-Lai PANG Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning Road, Chilung 20224, Taiwan (R.O.C.) Jen-Sheng JHENG Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning Road, Chilung 20224, Taiwan (R.O.C.) E. B. Gareth JONES Bioresources Technology Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Khlong 1, Khlong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand 國立臺灣海洋大學 National Taiwan Ocean University Chilung January 2011 [Funded by National Science Council, Taiwan (R.O.C.)-NSC 98-2321-B-019-004] Acknowledgements The completion of this book undoubtedly required help from various individuals/parties, without whom, it would not be possible. First of all, we would like to thank the generous financial support from the National Science Council, Taiwan (R.O.C.) and the center of Excellence for Marine Bioenvironment and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University. Prof. Shean- Shong Tzean (National Taiwan University) and Dr. Sung-Yuan Hsieh (Food Industry Research and Development Institute) are thanked for the advice given at the beginning of this project. Ka-Lai Pang would particularly like to thank Prof. -
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Mechanisms of Invasion and the Microbiome of Introduced Species A Dissertation SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Aaron S. David IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Eric Seabloom Georgiana May May 2016 © Aaron S. David 2016 Acknowledgements I have been fortunate to have had incredible guidance, mentorship, and assistance throughout my time as a Ph.D. student at the University of Minnesota. I would like to start by acknowledging and thanking my advisors, Dr. Eric Seabloom and Dr. Georgiana May for providing crucial support, and always engaging me in stimulating discussion. I also thank my committee members, Dr. Peter Kennedy, Dr. Linda Kinkel, and Dr. David Tilman for their guidance and expertise. I am indebted to Dr. Sally Hacker and Dr. Joey Spatafora of Oregon State University for generously welcoming me into their laboratories while I conducted my field work. Dr. Phoebe Zarnetske and Shawn Gerrity showed me the ropes out on the dunes and provided valuable insight along the way. I also have to thank the many undergraduate students who helped me in the field in laboratory. In particular, I need to thank Derek Schmidt, who traveled to Oregon with me and helped make my field work successful. I also thank my other collaborators that made this work possible, especially Dr. Peter Ruggiero and Reuben Biel who contributed to the data collection and analysis in Chapter 1, and Dr. Gina Quiram and Jennie Sirota who contributed to the study design and data collection in Chapter 4. I would also like to thank the amazing faculty, staff, and students of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior and neighboring departments. -
Potential of Marine-Derived Fungi and Their Enzymes in Bioremediation of Industrial Pollutants
Potential of marine-derived fungi and their enzymes in bioremediation of industrial pollutants Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Marine Sciences to the Goa University by Ashutosh Kumar Verma Work carried out at National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa-403004, India March 2011 Potential of marine-derived fungi and their enzymes in bioremediation of industrial pollutants Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Marine Sciences to the Goa University by Ashutosh Kumar Verma National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa-403004, India March 2011 STATEMENT As per requirement, under the University Ordinance 0.19.8 (vi), I state that the present thesis titled “Potential of marine-derived fungi and their enzymes in bioremediation of industrial pollutants” is my original contribution and the same has not been submitted on any previous occasion. To the best of my knowledge, the present study is the first comprehensive work of its kind from the area mentioned. The literature related to the problem investigated has been cited. Due acknowledgements have been made whenever facilities or suggestions have been availed of. Ashutosh Kumar Verma CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the thesis titled “Potential of marine-derived fungi and their enzymes in bioremediation of industrial pollutants” submitted for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Marine Sciences, Goa University, is the bona fide work of Mr Ashutosh Kumar Verma. The work has been carried out under my supervision and the thesis or any part thereof has not been previously submitted for any degree or diploma in any university or institution. -
Dimensions of Biodiversity
Dimensions of Biodiversity NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION CO-FUNDED BY 2010–2015 PROJECTS Introduction 4 Project Abstracts 2015 8 Project Updates 2014 30 Project Updates 2013 42 Project Updates 2012 56 Project Updates 2011 72 Project Updates 2010 88 FRONT COVER IMAGES A B f g h i k j C l m o n q p r D E IMAGE CREDIT THIS PAGE FRONT COVER a MBARI & d Steven Haddock f Steven Haddock k Steven Haddock o Carolyn Wessinger Peter Girguis e Carolyn g Erin Tripp l Lauren Schiebelhut p Steven Litaker b James Lendemer Wessinger h Marty Condon m Lawrence Smart q Sahand Pirbadian & c Matthew L. Lewis i Marty Condon n Verity Salmon Moh El-Naggar j Niklaus Grünwald r Marty Condon FIELD SITES Argentina France Singapore Australia French Guiana South Africa Bahamas French Polynesia Suriname Belize Germany Spain Bermuda Iceland Sweden Bolivia Japan Switzerland Brazil Madagascar Tahiti Canada Malaysia Taiwan China Mexico Thailand Colombia Norway Trinidad Costa Rica Palau United States Czech Republic Panama United Kingdom Dominican Peru Venezuela Republic Philippines Labrador Sea Ecuador Poland North Atlantic Finland Puerto Rico Ocean Russia North Pacific Ocean Saudi Arabia COLLABORATORS Argentina Finland Palau Australia France Panama Brazil Germany Peru Canada Guam Russia INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS Chile India South Africa China Brazil China Indonesia Sri Lanka (NSFC) (FAPESP) Colombia Japan Sweden Costa Rica Kenya United Denmark Malaysia Kingdom Ecuador Mexico ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Many NSF staff members, too numerous to We thank Mina Ta and Matthew Pepper for mention individually, assisted in the development their graphic design contribution to the abstract and implementation of the Dimensions of booklet. -
<I>Lignincola Conchicola</I> from Palms with a Key to the Species Of
ISSN (print) 0093-4666 © 2011. Mycotaxon, Ltd. ISSN (online) 2154-8889 MYCOTAXON http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/117.343 Volume 117, pp. 343–349 July–September 2011 Lignincola conchicola from palms with a key to the species of Lignincola Jian-Kui Liu1*, E.B. Gareth Jones2, Ekachai Chukeatirote1, A.H. Bahkali3 & Kevin. D. Hyde1, 3 1 School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand 2 BIOTEC Central Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Bangkok, 12120, Thailand 3 College of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, King Saud University, P.O. Box: 2455, Riyadh 1145, Saudi Arabia *Correspondence to: [email protected] Abstract — During studies of palm fungi, a new Lignincola species was found in Thailand. It differs from other members of the genus in ascospore dimensions and the occurrence of its ascomata on the adhesive pad of a marine invertebrate. Lignincola conchicola is described and illustrated, and a key to Lignincola species is provided. The palmPhoenix is a new substratum for marine fungi. Key words — Halosphaeriaceae, mangrove, taxonomy, tropic Introduction During research on palm fungi in Thailand (Pinnoi et al. 2004, 2006, 2009, 2010, Pilantanapak et al. 2005, Pinruan et al. 2004a,b, 2007, 2010a,b, Rungjindamai et al. 2008, Liu et al. 2010) a new taxon collected on Phoenix paludosa in Ranong mangrove, was discovered. The taxon is characteristic of Lignincola (Halosphaeriaceae). Höhnk (1955) introduced Lignincola for a single species L. laevis Höhnk, which was characterized by black perithecioid ascomata, persistent clavate to fusiform, thin-walled asci lacking an apical apparatus, and 1-septate hyaline ascospores lacking appendages. -
What If Esca Disease of Grapevine Were Not a Fungal Disease?
Fungal Diversity (2012) 54:51–67 DOI 10.1007/s13225-012-0171-z What if esca disease of grapevine were not a fungal disease? Valérie Hofstetter & Bart Buyck & Daniel Croll & Olivier Viret & Arnaud Couloux & Katia Gindro Received: 20 March 2012 /Accepted: 1 April 2012 /Published online: 24 April 2012 # The Author(s) 2012. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract Esca disease, which attacks the wood of grape- healthy and diseased adult plants and presumed esca patho- vine, has become increasingly devastating during the past gens were widespread and occurred in similar frequencies in three decades and represents today a major concern in all both plant types. Pioneer esca-associated fungi are not trans- wine-producing countries. This disease is attributed to a mitted from adult to nursery plants through the grafting group of systematically diverse fungi that are considered process. Consequently the presumed esca-associated fungal to be latent pathogens, however, this has not been conclu- pathogens are most likely saprobes decaying already senes- sively established. This study presents the first in-depth cent or dead wood resulting from intensive pruning, frost or comparison between the mycota of healthy and diseased other mecanical injuries as grafting. The cause of esca plants taken from the same vineyard to determine which disease therefore remains elusive and requires well execu- fungi become invasive when foliar symptoms of esca ap- tive scientific study. These results question the assumed pear. An unprecedented high fungal diversity, 158 species, pathogenicity of fungi in other diseases of plants or animals is here reported exclusively from grapevine wood in a single where identical mycota are retrieved from both diseased and Swiss vineyard plot. -
Myconet Volume 14 Part One. Outine of Ascomycota – 2009 Part Two
(topsheet) Myconet Volume 14 Part One. Outine of Ascomycota – 2009 Part Two. Notes on ascomycete systematics. Nos. 4751 – 5113. Fieldiana, Botany H. Thorsten Lumbsch Dept. of Botany Field Museum 1400 S. Lake Shore Dr. Chicago, IL 60605 (312) 665-7881 fax: 312-665-7158 e-mail: [email protected] Sabine M. Huhndorf Dept. of Botany Field Museum 1400 S. Lake Shore Dr. Chicago, IL 60605 (312) 665-7855 fax: 312-665-7158 e-mail: [email protected] 1 (cover page) FIELDIANA Botany NEW SERIES NO 00 Myconet Volume 14 Part One. Outine of Ascomycota – 2009 Part Two. Notes on ascomycete systematics. Nos. 4751 – 5113 H. Thorsten Lumbsch Sabine M. Huhndorf [Date] Publication 0000 PUBLISHED BY THE FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 2 Table of Contents Abstract Part One. Outline of Ascomycota - 2009 Introduction Literature Cited Index to Ascomycota Subphylum Taphrinomycotina Class Neolectomycetes Class Pneumocystidomycetes Class Schizosaccharomycetes Class Taphrinomycetes Subphylum Saccharomycotina Class Saccharomycetes Subphylum Pezizomycotina Class Arthoniomycetes Class Dothideomycetes Subclass Dothideomycetidae Subclass Pleosporomycetidae Dothideomycetes incertae sedis: orders, families, genera Class Eurotiomycetes Subclass Chaetothyriomycetidae Subclass Eurotiomycetidae Subclass Mycocaliciomycetidae Class Geoglossomycetes Class Laboulbeniomycetes Class Lecanoromycetes Subclass Acarosporomycetidae Subclass Lecanoromycetidae Subclass Ostropomycetidae 3 Lecanoromycetes incertae sedis: orders, genera Class Leotiomycetes Leotiomycetes incertae sedis: families, genera Class Lichinomycetes Class Orbiliomycetes Class Pezizomycetes Class Sordariomycetes Subclass Hypocreomycetidae Subclass Sordariomycetidae Subclass Xylariomycetidae Sordariomycetes incertae sedis: orders, families, genera Pezizomycotina incertae sedis: orders, families Part Two. Notes on ascomycete systematics. Nos. 4751 – 5113 Introduction Literature Cited 4 Abstract Part One presents the current classification that includes all accepted genera and higher taxa above the generic level in the phylum Ascomycota. -
Bioerosion and Fungal Colonization of the Invasive Foraminiferan Amphistegina Lobifera in a Mediterranean Seagrass Meadow
Bioerosion and fungal colonization of the invasive foraminiferan Amphistegina lobifera in a Mediterranean seagrass meadow Martin Vohník1 1Department of Mycorrhizal Symbioses, Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, 25243, Czechia 5 Correspondence to: Martin Vohník ([email protected]) Abstract. Foraminiferans are diverse micro- to macroscopic protists abundant especially in (sub-)tropical seas, often forming characteristic benthic communities known as “living sands”. Numerous species have migrated through the Suez Canal to the Mediterranean and one of them, i.e., Amphistegina lobifera, turned invasive, gradually outcompeting the indigenous species. At some places, A. lobifera creates thick seabed sediments, thus becoming an important environmental engineer. However, 10 little is known about the turnover of its shells in the invaded ecosystems. Using vital staining, stereomicroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, cultivation and DNA fingerprinting, I investigated the vital status, destruction/decomposition and mycobiota of A. lobifera in the rhizosphere of the dominant Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica in an underwater Maltese meadow (average 284 shells/g, representing 28.5% of dry substrate weight), in comparison with epiphytic specimens and P. oceanica roots. While 78% of the epiphytes were alive, nearly all substrate specimens were dead. On average, 80% of 15 the epiphytes were intact, compared to 21% of the substrate specimens. Abiotic dissolution and mechanical damage played only a minor role, but some bioerosion was detected in 18% and >70% of the epiphytic and substrate specimens, respectively. Few bioerosion traces could be attributed to fungi and the majority probably belonged to photoautotrophs. The seagrass roots displayed fungal colonization typical for this species and yielded 81 identified isolates, while the surface-sterilized substrate specimens surprisingly yielded no cultivable fungi, compared to other 16 identified isolates obtained from the epiphytes. -
Emarcea Castanopsidicola Gen. Et Sp. Nov. from Thailand, a New Xylariaceous Taxon Based on Morphology and DNA Sequences
STUDIES IN MYCOLOGY 50: 253–260. 2004. Emarcea castanopsidicola gen. et sp. nov. from Thailand, a new xylariaceous taxon based on morphology and DNA sequences Lam. M. Duong2,3, Saisamorn Lumyong3, Kevin D. Hyde1,2 and Rajesh Jeewon1* 1Centre for Research in Fungal Diversity, Department of Ecology & Biodiversity, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, SAR China; 2Mushroom Research Centre, 128 Mo3 Ban Phadeng, PaPae, Maetaeng, Chiang Mai 50150, Thailand 3Department of Biology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand *Correspondence: Rajesh Jeewon, [email protected] Abstract: We describe a unique ascomycete genus occurring on leaf litter of Castanopsis diversifolia from monsoonal forests of northern Thailand. Emarcea castanopsidicola gen. et sp. nov. is typical of Xylariales as ascomata develop beneath a blackened clypeus, ostioles are papillate and asci are unitunicate with a J+ subapical ring. The ascospores in Emarcea cas- tanopsidicola are, however, 1-septate, hyaline and long fusiform, which distinguishes it from other genera in the Xylariaceae. In order to substantiate these morphological findings, we analysed three sets of sequence data generated from ribosomal DNA gene (18S, 28S and ITS) under different optimality criteria. We analysed this data to provide further information on the phylogeny and taxonomic position of this new taxon. All phylogenies were essentially similar and there is conclusive mo- lecular evidence to support the establishment of Emarcea castanopsidicola within the Xylariales. Results indicate that this taxon bears close phylogenetic affinities to Muscodor (anamorphic Xylariaceae) and Xylaria species and therefore this genus is best accommodated in the Xylariaceae. Taxonomic novelties: Emarcea Duong, R. Jeewon & K.D. -
Monilochaetes and Allied Genera of the Glomerellales, and a Reconsideration of Families in the Microascales
available online at www.studiesinmycology.org StudieS in Mycology 68: 163–191. 2011. doi:10.3114/sim.2011.68.07 Monilochaetes and allied genera of the Glomerellales, and a reconsideration of families in the Microascales M. Réblová1*, W. Gams2 and K.A. Seifert3 1Department of Taxonomy, Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences, CZ – 252 43 Průhonice, Czech Republic; 2Molenweg 15, 3743CK Baarn, The Netherlands; 3Biodiversity (Mycology and Botany), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0C6, Canada *Correspondence: Martina Réblová, [email protected] Abstract: We examined the phylogenetic relationships of two species that mimic Chaetosphaeria in teleomorph and anamorph morphologies, Chaetosphaeria tulasneorum with a Cylindrotrichum anamorph and Australiasca queenslandica with a Dischloridium anamorph. Four data sets were analysed: a) the internal transcribed spacer region including ITS1, 5.8S rDNA and ITS2 (ITS), b) nc28S (ncLSU) rDNA, c) nc18S (ncSSU) rDNA, and d) a combined data set of ncLSU-ncSSU-RPB2 (ribosomal polymerase B2). The traditional placement of Ch. tulasneorum in the Microascales based on ncLSU sequences is unsupported and Australiasca does not belong to the Chaetosphaeriaceae. Both holomorph species are nested within the Glomerellales. A new genus, Reticulascus, is introduced for Ch. tulasneorum with associated Cylindrotrichum anamorph; another species of Reticulascus and its anamorph in Cylindrotrichum are described as new. The taxonomic structure of the Glomerellales is clarified and the name is validly published. As delimited here, it includes three families, the Glomerellaceae and the newly described Australiascaceae and Reticulascaceae. Based on ITS and ncLSU rDNA sequence analyses, we confirm the synonymy of the anamorph generaDischloridium with Monilochaetes. -
A New Order of Aquatic and Terrestrial Fungi for Achroceratosphaeria and Pisorisporium Gen
Persoonia 34, 2015: 40–49 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj RESEARCH ARTICLE http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/003158515X685544 Pisorisporiales, a new order of aquatic and terrestrial fungi for Achroceratosphaeria and Pisorisporium gen. nov. in the Sordariomycetes M. Réblová1, J. Fournier 2, V. Štěpánek3 Key words Abstract Four morphologically similar specimens of an unidentified perithecial ascomycete were collected on decaying wood submerged in fresh water. Phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences from protein-coding and Achroceratosphaeria ribosomal nuclear loci supports the placement of the unidentified fungus together with Achroceratosphaeria in a freshwater strongly supported monophyletic clade. The four collections are described as two new species of the new genus Hypocreomycetidae Pisorisporium characterised by non-stromatic, black, immersed to superficial perithecial ascomata, persistent para- Koralionastetales physes, unitunicate, persistent asci with an amyloid apical annulus and hyaline, fusiform, cymbiform to cylindrical, Lulworthiales transversely multiseptate ascospores with conspicuous guttules. The asexual morph is unknown and no conidia multigene analysis were formed in vitro or on the natural substratum. The clade containing Achroceratosphaeria and Pisorisporium is systematics introduced as the new order Pisorisporiales, family Pisorisporiaceae in the class Sordariomycetes. It represents a new lineage of aquatic fungi. A sister relationship for Pisorisporiales with the Lulworthiales and Koralionastetales is weakly supported