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Total Maximum Daily Loads for the Great Miami River (Upper) Watershed

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Total Maximum Daily Loads for the Great Miami River (Upper) Watershed 2012 y Total Maximum Daily Loads for Februar the Great Miami River (upper) Watershed Final Report February 8, 2012 John R. Kasich, Governor Mary Taylor, Lt. Governor Scott J. Nally, Director Photo caption: Loramie Creek just west of Newport (river mile 14.8). Ohio EPA received financial assistance for this work from U.S. EPA and the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. Great Miami River (upper) Watershed TMDLs Table of Contents 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 The Clean Water Act Requirement to Address Impaired Waters .......................... 1 1.2 Public Involvement ................................................................................................ 5 1.3 Organization of Report .......................................................................................... 6 2 Characteristics and Expectations of the Watershed ................................................... 7 2.1 Watershed Characteristics .................................................................................... 7 2.1.1 Population and Distribution ........................................................................ 7 2.1.2 Land Use ................................................................................................... 7 2.1.3 Point Source Discharges ........................................................................... 9 2.1.4 Public Drinking Water Supplies ............................................................... 10 2.2 Water Quality Standards ..................................................................................... 10 2.2.1 Aquatic Life Use....................................................................................... 11 2.2.2 Recreation Use ........................................................................................ 14 2.2.3 Public Drinking Water Supply Use ........................................................... 16 2.2.4 Human Health (Fish Contaminants) Use ................................................. 16 3 Water Quality Conditions in the Watershed ............................................................... 18 3.1 Headwaters Great Miami River (05080001 01) ................................................... 22 3.2 Muchinippi Creek (05080001 02) ........................................................................ 25 3.3 Bokengehalas Creek-Great Miami River (05080001 03) ..................................... 30 3.4 Stoney Creek-Great Miami River (05080001 04) ................................................ 34 3.5 Headwaters Loramie Creek (05080001 05) ........................................................ 38 3.6 Turtle Creek-Loramie Creek (05080001 06)........................................................ 42 4 Methods to Calculate Load Reductions ...................................................................... 47 4.1 SWAT Analysis of Total Phosphorus – Loramie and Little Muchinippi Watersheds ......................................................................................................... 53 4.1.1 Justification of Method ............................................................................. 54 4.1.2 Sources of Data ....................................................................................... 55 4.1.3 Target(s) .................................................................................................. 55 4.1.4 Calibration and Validation ........................................................................ 56 4.1.5 Allowance for Future Growth ................................................................... 58 4.1.6 Seasonality and Critical Conditions ......................................................... 58 4.2 Habitat and Sediment Bedload Analysis Method ................................................ 59 4.2.1 Justification .............................................................................................. 59 4.2.2 Sources of data........................................................................................ 60 4.2.3 Target(s) .................................................................................................. 60 4.2.6 Seasonality and Critical Conditions ......................................................... 62 4.3 Escherichia coli Load Duration Curve Analysis Method ...................................... 62 4.3.1 Justification .............................................................................................. 63 4.3.2 Sources of data........................................................................................ 63 4.3.3 Target(s) .................................................................................................. 63 4.3.4 Validation ................................................................................................. 64 4.3.5 Allowance for Future Growth ................................................................... 64 4.3.6 Seasonality and Critical Conditions ......................................................... 64 4.4 Mass Balance of Total Dissolved Solids for Upper Loramie Creek ..................... 64 4.4.1 Justification .............................................................................................. 65 4.4.2 Sources of data........................................................................................ 65 4.4.3 Target(s) .................................................................................................. 65 4.4.4 Allowance for Future Growth ................................................................... 65 i Great Miami River (upper) Watershed TMDLs 4.4.5 Seasonality and Critical Conditions ......................................................... 65 4.5 Margin of Safety .................................................................................................. 66 5 Load Reduction Results ............................................................................................... 68 5.1 Headwaters Great Miami River (05080001 01) ................................................... 68 5.2 Muchinippi Creek (05080001 02) ........................................................................ 69 5.3 Bokengehalas Creek-Great Miami River (05080001 03) ..................................... 72 5.4 Stoney Creek-Great Miami River (05080001 04) ................................................ 74 5.5 Headwaters Loramie Creek (05080001 05) ........................................................ 75 5.6 Turtle Creek-Loramie Creek (05080001 06)........................................................ 80 6 Water Quality Improvement Strategy .......................................................................... 84 6.1 Regulatory Recommendations ............................................................................ 90 6.2 Implementation Scenarios ................................................................................... 94 6.3 Headwaters Great Miami River (05080001 01) ................................................... 95 6.4 Muchinippi Creek (05080001 02) ........................................................................ 95 6.5 Bokengehalas Creek-Great Miami River (05080001 03) ..................................... 96 6.6 Stoney Creek-Great Miami River (05080001 04) ................................................ 96 6.7 Headwaters Loramie Creek (05080001 05) ........................................................ 97 6.8 Turtle Creek-Loramie Creek (05080001 06)........................................................ 99 6.9 Reasonable Assurances ..................................................................................... 99 6.9.1 Local Watershed Groups ....................................................................... 100 6.9.2 Other Sources of Funding and Special Projects .................................... 101 6.9.3 Past and Ongoing Water Resource Evaluation ..................................... 101 6.9.4 Potential and Future Evaluation ............................................................. 101 6.9.5 Revision to the Improvement Strategy ................................................... 101 7 References ................................................................................................................... 103 Appendix A NPDES Permitted Discharges Appendix B Status of Water Quality Appendix C Water Quality Standards in Ohio Appendix D Loading Analysis Information Appendix E Category 4B Demonstration: Indian Lake WWTP Appendix F Implementation and Reasonable Assurances List of Tables Table 1-1. Summary of impairments in the Great Miami River (upper) watershed and methods used to address impairments. ..................................................................... 2 Table 2-1. Biological criteria applicable in Great Miami River (upper) watershed. ..................... 12 Table 2-2. Water quality criteria established for recreation uses within water bodies throughout Ohio. ...................................................................................................... 14 Table 2-3. Sport fish consumption advisories applicable to the Great Miami River (upper) watershed. ............................................................................................................... 17 Table 3-1. Number of impaired sites, organized by use and nested subwatershed, in the Headwaters Great Miami River subwatershed. ....................................................... 25 Table 3-2. Number of impaired
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