The Fern Gazette

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Fern Gazette THE FERN GAZETTE INDEX VOLUME13 The Parts of Fern Gazette Volume 13 were published on the following dates and comprised the following pages: Date of Pages publication Part 1 29 August 1985 1-64 Part2 29 Se tember 1986 65-128 Part3 28 Ju hy 1987 129-192 Part4 15 October 1988 193-256 PartS 22 November 1989 257-320 Part 6 18 June 1990 321-360 Part 7 26 October 1990 361 - 396 Acknowledgements We are grateful to Dr Nan Raybould who did a wonderful job in preparing this manuscript. Final camera ready copy was produced by Dr Mary Gib by. 2 FERN GAZETfE-INDEX VOLUME 13 Acroph01us Anhropteris stipellatus 28,32 monocarpa 296,304,312 Acrostichum Aspidotis a/pestre 110 schimperi 308 aureum 97-102 Asp/enidictyum 53,54 danaeifo/ium 97-102 Asplenium speciosum 97 adiantum-nigrum 322,349, 391-394 Actiniopteris 314 aegeum 154, 163 dim01pha 307 aethiopicum 104,105,219,222 radiata 306 223,296,304 ADAMS,C.D. 266,276 aitchisonii 163 Adiantum 314 x a/temifolium 357 capillus-veneris 57,104,105,322 anceps 287,393 caudatum 28,31 anisophyllum 304 digitatum 219,222,223 xananense 349-355 edgewonhii 31 aureum 61 fi/iforme 110 x barrancense 133 incisum 309 birii 61 philippense 28,30,31,309 b/astophornm 104, 105 poiretii 219,222,223,309 boltonii 104, 105, 302, 312, raddianum 308 313 reniforme 342 bourgaei 154, 163,167 sinuosum 110 buettneri 308 subvolubile 219,221,222,223 bulbifernm 78,80,81,84 venustum 30,31 capense 58,61,62 Amauropelta castaneo-viride 59 bergiana 306,315 ce/tibericum 151-156 Amphineuron ceterach opulentum 104,107 ssp. bivalens 59 Anemia ssp. ceterach 53-63, 133 dentata 110 christii 104,105 g/areosa 110 xconfluens 349 pallida 110 corriatum 62 wightiana 110 creticum 143, 163 Anogramma cuneifolium 154,394 chaeropylla 341-348 daghestanicum 143-149, 163,166, leptophylla 120,341-348, 391 167 Antrophyum da/housiae 53-63 mannianum 104,107 dregianum 104,105,302,312 Apical dominance xdutanrei 349 Lycopodium annotinum 67,73-75 ebenoides 59 Apteropteris 80 eberlei 55 app/anata 79,81,82,84 ensiforme 28,29,30,32 Araiostegia erectum 303 clarkei 28, 29,32 exiguum 167 de/avayi 28,32 jissum 154 dareiformis 32 flabellifolium 79,80,84 pulchra 28,30,32 flaccidum 78,81,82,84 Anhromeris fontanum 133-141,143 himalayensis 28,29,30,32 foreziense 166 orienta/is 310 formosum 104,105,304 wallichiana 28,30,32 fragile 219,222,223 3 FERN GAZETIE VOLUME 13 - INDEX Asplenium ssp. inexpectans 354 xgeni-coalitum 53-63 ssp. maderense 285-287 gilpinae 104 ssp. pachyrachis 354 haughtonii 58,62 ssp. quadrivalens 55, 57, 78, 80,82, hybridum 349 84,133, 136,287, hypomelas 104 349,393 inaequilaterale 104,105 ssp. trichomanes 54, 154 indicum 29,32 unilatera/e 32,54,104, 106 xjacksonii 349 varians 30,32 jahandiezii 154,167 villosum 188 kongashanense 147 viride 154,163, 166, 167, kummerlei 349 245 laciniatum 27,30,32 volkensii 104, 106 lepidum 143,147,166,349 woodwardioideum 110 linckii 303 xinjangense 147 /obatum 302,312 Asp/enosorns 59 lucidum 188 Athyrium magnijicum 61 acrostichoides 28,29,32 majoricum 133-141 distentifolium 6 mannii 302,312 drepanopteiUm 30,32 megalura 302 jilix-femina 6,28, 32, 157-161 xmicrodon 349 foliosum 28,32 monanthes 104,105,303 japonicum 28 nesii 167 macdonnellii 28,29,32 nidus 92 macrocarpum 28,29,32 obscUIUm 104,105 nigripes 29,32 obovatum pectinatum 32,357 ssp. lanceolatum 342,349,394 scandicinum 104,106 onopteris 136,154,342,343, schimperi 307 391,393,394 setife1Um 28,32 xorellii 133 tenellum 32 petrarchae 133, 136-140 Australia phillipsia11um 58,62 Cyrlomium falcatum on pinnatijidum 59 coastal cliffs 42 pseudoauriculatum 303 pteridophytes of Tasmanian punjabense 53-63 rainforest 77-86 pumilum 306 Azolla quezellii 143-149 caroliniana 193,197, 317-319 x reichsteinii 133-141 jiliculoides 193-198,317-319 IUta-muraria 136,166, 322 mexicana 197,317-319 rntifolium 104, 105 microphylla 197, 317-319 sagittatum 349-354 nilotica 197, 317-319 sandenonii 295,302,312 pinna/a 193,197, 317-319 scolopendrium 277,322,325,327, IUbra 197, 317-319 349,350,352 Belvisia seelosii 151-156 spicata 104, 106 septentrionale 151,392,394 BENNERT, H.W. 122,133,329,391 sessilifolium 219,222,223 BERRIE,A. 291 x sollerense 133 BIR,S.S. 53 xspurium 188 Blechnum subdigitatum 147 attenuatum 104,303,312 tadei 163-168 chambenii 80,84 tem!stre 78,80,82,83,84 fluviatile 80,84 thecife1Um 296,303 giganteum 303 x ticinense 392-394 ivohibense 104 trichomanes 350,352, 353,391, minus 80,84 394 nudum 80,84 4 FERNGAZETTE VOLUME 13 - INDEX Blechnum Ceylon patersonii 81,82,84 pteridophyte collections penna-marina 79,80,82,84 of George Gardner 109-111 punctulatum 105 pteridophyte collections spicant 322,324,327 of FJ.Hutc hinson 169-172 tabu/are 303 Cheilanthes vulcanicum 80,84 albomarginata 30,31 wattsii 79,81,82,83,84 anceps 30,31 Blotiella dalhousiae 30,31 natalensis 104,106,303,312 farinosa 305,313 Bolbitis 40 guanchica 395 acrostichoides 104, 106 grise a 28,31 appendiculata 40 inaequalis 307,314 auriculata 104,106 maderensis 395 gemmifera 104, 106 monticola 110 Boniniella 54 multijida 308,314 Botrychium myriophylla 219,221,222,223 lanuginosum 28,30,31 orbignyana 220,222,223 matricariifolium 123 pernviana 220,221,222,223 vifXinianum 123 pitos a 220,222,223 BRAITHWAITE,A.F. 87, 199 prninata 220, 222, 223 Brazil pleridioides 57 pteridophyte collections of rnfa 31 George Gardner 109-111 subvillosa 30,31 Breeding systems tinaei 392-395 Athyrium ftlix-femina 157-161 tenuifolia 30,31 Himalayan Dryopteris species 7-12 Cheilanthopsis 20,21,23 BRIGHTMAN,F.H. 281 indusiosa 19-21,23 British Isles China Diphasiastrnm issleri 257-265 taxonomy of W oodsiaceae 17-24 pteridophyte records 52,127, 190 Christella Rust Fungi on ferns 321-328 chase ana 307,315 status of Ophioglossum dentata 306 azoricum 173-187 gueintziana 104, 107 BROWN,M.G. 77 hispidula 104,107 BUCKLEY,D.P. 97 CHRISTENSEN, C. Caesium 134 Index Filicum 108,123 uptake by Pteridiwn Chromosome numbers aquilinum 381-383 Anogramma chaerophylla 341-348 CALLAGHAN,T.V. 65,361,381 Anogranmta leptophylla 120, 341-348 Camptosorns 53,54,60 Asplenium adiantum-nigrnm 393 CAMUS,J.M. 162 Asplenium x artanense 352,353 CanaryIslands Asplenium x ticinense 393,394 Cystopteris species 121 Asplenium aureum 61,287 Cape Verde Islands Asplenium ceterach Cystopteris species 121 ssp. ceterach 57 Cassebeera Asplenium cordatum 62 gleichenioides 110 Asplenium dalhousiae 57 Ceratophyflitis Asplenium haughtonii 58,62 hybrid a 59 Asplenium phillipsianum 58,62 Ceratopteris 314 Asplenium punjabense 57-58 thalictroides 29,31, 97,98, 99, Asplenium x reichsteinii 136, 137 101,306 Asplenium septentrionale 394 Ceterach 53-63,349 Asplenium tadei 167 aureum 287 Asplenium tric/wmanes lolegnamense 287,342 ssp. maderense 287 Ceterachopsis 53-63 Azolla caroliniana 197, 317-319 5 FERNGAZETIE VOLUME 13 -INDEX Chromosome numbers Woodsia alpina Azollafiliculoides 193-198,317-319 ssp. belli 22 Azol/a mexicana 317-319 Woodsia andersonii 17,18,21 Azolla microplrylla 317-319 Woodsia cathcartiana 22 Azolla nilotica 317-319 Woodsia cinnamomea 22 Azol/a pinnata 197,317-319 Woodsia cyclo/oba 18,20,21 Azolla tUbra 317-319 Woodsia elongata 19-21 Ceterach /olegnamense 287 Woodsia glabella 22 Cheilanthes maderensis 395 Woodsia ilvensis 18,20,21 Cheilanthes tinaei 393,395 Woodsia intennedia 22 Chei/anthopsisindusiosa 19-21 Woodsia lanosa 17,18,21 Dryopteris aemula 248 Woodsia macrochleana 22 Dryopteris x asturiensis 115 Woodsia macrospora 22 Dryopteris corleyi 115 Woodsia mexicana 23 Dryopteris x gomen·ca 248 Woodsia obtusa 23 Dryopteris guanchica 248 Woodsia oregana 22 Gleichenia bancroftii 385-388 Woodsia plummerae 23 Gleichenia bifida 385-387, 389 Woodsia polystichoides Gleichenia brittonii 389 var. polystichoides 18,20,21 Gleichenia costaricensis 386-387 var. sinuata 18,20,21 Gleichenia glauca 388 Woodsia pu/chel/a 22 Gleichenia interjecta 389 Woodsia rosthomiana 18,20, 21 Gleichenia intennedia 386 Woodsia scopulina Gleichenia jamaicensis 389 var. scopulina 22 Gleichenia nitidula 386,388 var. appalachiana 22 G/eichenia pa/mata 390 Woodsiasubcordata 18,20,21 Gleichenia pseudobifida 390 Coniogramme Gleichenia remota 390 affinis 31 Gleichenia retroflexa 386,388 cauda/a 28,31 Gleichenia strictissima 386 fraxinea 28,31 Gleichenia x subremota 390 Coptophyllum Hymenophyllum maderense 285 buniifolium 111 Hymenophyllum wilsonii 395 millefolium 111 Ophioglossum azoricum 174 Costa Rica Ophioglossum lusitanicum 174 cytotaxonomy of the Ophioglossum vulgatum 174 Gleicheniaceae 385-390 Polystichum fa/cinellum 288 CROWLEY,C. 42 Polystichum x maderense 288 Crypsinus 43,45 Polystichum sellfetUm 288 banaensis 43-46 Protowoodsia manchuriensis 19-21 ebenipes 28,30,32 Tmesipteris billardieri 207 hastatus 28,30,32 Tmesipteris e/ongata 207 malacodon 29,30,32 Tmesipteris /anceolata 201,202,206,207 axylobus 28,30,32 Tmesipteris oblanceo/ata 88,90 quasidivaricatus 28,32 ssp. linearifolia 204,205,206,207 Cryptogramma ssp. oblanceolata 202, 207 btUnoniana 30 Tmesipteris oblongifo/ia 88-89,207 crispa 30,31,361 Tmesipteris ovata 207 Ctenitis Tmesipteris parva 207 /anuginosa 104,105 Tmesipteris sigmatifolia 201,202,206,207 Ctenopteris Tmesipten·s so/omonensis 207 heterophylla 81,82,84 Tmesipten·s tannensis 207 villosissima 105, 106 Tmesipteris ttUncata 95,207 CUBAS, P. 349 Tmesipteris vanuatensis 88-89,207 CULLINAINE, J.P. 42 Tmesipteris viei//ardii 206,207 Culcita Woodsia alpina macrocarpa 247 ssp. alpina 22 6 FERNGAZETIE VOLUME 13 - INDEX Cyathea 201,209-216, 304, propinqua 28,29,30,32 305,313 sinica 45 atrox 211,213 Dryopteris 7-12,345, 357 austra/is 81,84 acutodentata 32 cunninghamii 81 aemula 113,247-249 dregei 305,313 a!finis 1-6 gleichenioides 211-214 ssp.
Recommended publications
  • Plant Life Magill’S Encyclopedia of Science
    MAGILLS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SCIENCE PLANT LIFE MAGILLS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SCIENCE PLANT LIFE Volume 4 Sustainable Forestry–Zygomycetes Indexes Editor Bryan D. Ness, Ph.D. Pacific Union College, Department of Biology Project Editor Christina J. Moose Salem Press, Inc. Pasadena, California Hackensack, New Jersey Editor in Chief: Dawn P. Dawson Managing Editor: Christina J. Moose Photograph Editor: Philip Bader Manuscript Editor: Elizabeth Ferry Slocum Production Editor: Joyce I. Buchea Assistant Editor: Andrea E. Miller Page Design and Graphics: James Hutson Research Supervisor: Jeffry Jensen Layout: William Zimmerman Acquisitions Editor: Mark Rehn Illustrator: Kimberly L. Dawson Kurnizki Copyright © 2003, by Salem Press, Inc. All rights in this book are reserved. No part of this work may be used or reproduced in any manner what- soever or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy,recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. For information address the publisher, Salem Press, Inc., P.O. Box 50062, Pasadena, California 91115. Some of the updated and revised essays in this work originally appeared in Magill’s Survey of Science: Life Science (1991), Magill’s Survey of Science: Life Science, Supplement (1998), Natural Resources (1998), Encyclopedia of Genetics (1999), Encyclopedia of Environmental Issues (2000), World Geography (2001), and Earth Science (2001). ∞ The paper used in these volumes conforms to the American National Standard for Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, Z39.48-1992 (R1997). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Magill’s encyclopedia of science : plant life / edited by Bryan D.
    [Show full text]
  • National Parks and Wildlife Amendment (Protected Native Plants) Order 2009 Under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974
    2009 No 138 New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Amendment (Protected Native Plants) Order 2009 under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974 MARIE BASHIR, Governor I, Professor Marie Bashir AC, CVO, Governor of the State of New South Wales, with the advice of the Executive Council, and in pursuance of section 115 (2) of the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974, make the following Order. Dated, this 8th day of April 2009. By Her Excellency’s Command, CARMEL TEBBUTT, M.P., Minister for Climate Change and the Environment Explanatory note The object of this Order is to substitute Schedule 13 to the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974 (the Act) (the Schedule that classifies certain plants as protected native plants). The consequences of a plant being classified as a protected native plant are: (a) section 115A of the Act provides for the preparation of plans of management for any commercial activity relating to a species or group of species of protected native plant if the Director-General of the Department of Environment and Climate Change is of the opinion that the activity has the potential to affect adversely the conservation of the species or group, and (b) section 116 of the Act prevents the issue of licences under the Forestry Act 1916 for the removal of protected native plants from any State forest, timber reserve or Crown land, and (c) section 117 of the Act restricts the picking or possession of protected native plants, and (d) section 118 of the Act restricts the selling of protected native plants.
    [Show full text]
  • Tmesipteris Tannensis
    Tmesipteris tannensis COMMON NAME Fork Fern SYNONYMS Lycopodium tannense Spreng.; Tmesipteris fowerakeri H.N.Barber, Tmesipteris forsteri sensu A.Cunn. nom. inv., FAMILY Psilotaceae AUTHORITY Tmesipteris tannensis (Spreng.) Bernh. FLORA CATEGORY Vascular – Native ENDEMIC TAXON Yes Tararua Forest Park. June 2005. Photographer: ENDEMIC GENUS Jeremy Rolfe No ENDEMIC FAMILY No STRUCTURAL CLASS Ferns NVS CODE TMETAN CHROMOSOME NUMBER Tararua Forest Park. June 2005. Photographer: 2n = 208 Jeremy Rolfe CURRENT CONSERVATION STATUS 2012 | Not Threatened PREVIOUS CONSERVATION STATUSES 2009 | Not Threatened 2004 | Not Threatened DISTRIBUTION Endemic. New Zealand, North, South, Stewart, Chatham and Auckland Islands. HABITAT Coastal to subalpine.Terrestrial or epiphytic on a wide range of hosts and often sympatric with Tmesipteris elongata (less frequently with T. lanceolata and T. sigmatifolia). Less common in coastal and lowland areas in the far north where it is mostly known from higher altitude forest. However, steadily becoming more common from about Whangarei south. FEATURES Rhizome: dichotomously branched, brittle, 2.0-3.5 mm diameter. Aerial shoot: developing over one to many years, but eventually terminating in a small appendage 0.1-0.5× the length of the largest leaves, simple, erect, suberect, or pendulous, 50-1200 mm long, triangular in cross-section, leaves and sporophylls spirally arranged. Leaves coriaceous, brittle, one surface deep glossy green, occasionally with a few stomata towards the far end, other surface dull green covered with stomata; shape variable often on same shoot, oblong, lanceolate, falcate, or ovate, 6-30 mm long × 2.5-9.0 mm broad; apex of leaf very variable often on the same plant, acute, obtuse to truncate, mucronate; mucro 1-2 mm long.
    [Show full text]
  • Two New Fern Chloroplasts and Decelerated Evolution Linked to the Long Generation Time in Tree Ferns
    GBE Two New Fern Chloroplasts and Decelerated Evolution Linked to the Long Generation Time in Tree Ferns Bojian Zhong1,*, Richard Fong1,LesleyJ.Collins2, Patricia A. McLenachan1, and David Penny1 1Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand 2Faculty of Health Sciences, Universal College of Learning, Palmerston North, New Zealand *Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected]. Accepted: April 23, 2014 Data deposition: The two new chloroplast genomes (Dicksonia and Tmesipteris) have been deposited at GenBank under accessions KJ569698 and KJ569699, respectively. Abstract We report the chloroplast genomes of a tree fern (Dicksonia squarrosa) and a “fern ally” (Tmesipteris elongata), and show that the phylogeny of early land plants is basically as expected, and the estimates of divergence time are largely unaffected after removing the fastest evolving sites. The tree fern shows the major reduction in the rate of evolution, and there has been a major slowdown in the rate of mutation in both families of tree ferns. We suggest that this is related to a generation time effect; if there is a long time period between generations, then this is probably incompatible with a high mutation rate because otherwise nearly every propagule would probably have several lethal mutations. This effect will be especially strong in organisms that have large numbers of cell divisions between generations. This shows the necessity of going beyond phylogeny and integrating its study with other properties of organisms. Key words: Tmesipteris, Dicksonia, ferns and fern allies, chloroplast genomes, generation time effect, mutation rates. Introduction problematic. Tmesipteris was to help test the possibility that We address three main types of questions in this study: The themorewidespreadPsilotum was misplaced because of phylogeny of early land plants, the decelerated evolutionary “long branch attraction” artifact (Hendy and Penny 1989).
    [Show full text]
  • Tmesipteris Parva
    Listing Statement for Tmespteris parva (small forkfern) Small forkfern Tmesipteris parva T A S M A N I A N T H R E A T E N E D F L O R A L I S T I N G S T A T E M E N T Image by Matthew Larcombe Scientific name: Tmesipteris parva , N.A.Wakef., Vict. Nat. 60: 143 (1944) Common name: small forkfern (Wapstra et al. 2005) Group: vascular plant, pteridophyte, family Psilotaceae Status: Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 : vulnerable Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 : Not Listed Distribution: Endemic status: Not endemic to Tasmania Tasmanian NRM Regions: North and Cradle Coast Figure 1 . Distribution of Tmesipteris parva in Tasmania Plate 1. Tmesipteris parva detail (Image by Matthew Larcombe) 1 Threatened Species Section – Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment Listing Statement for Tmespteris parva (small forkfern) IDENTIFICATION AND ECOLGY Naracoopa on King Island. The species has also Tmesipteris parva is a small fern in the Psilotaceae been collected from a tributary of the Grassy family, known in Tasmania from Flinders River on King Island (Garrett 1996, Chinnock Island and King Island. The species occurs in 1998) (see Table 1). The linear extent of the three sites in Tasmania is 350 km, the extent of sheltered fern gullies, where it grows on the 2 trunks of treeferns (Plates 1 and 2). occurrence 2,800 km (which includes large areas of sea), and the area of occupancy is less The species has rhizomes that are buried deeply than 1 ha. within the fibrous material of treefern trunks.
    [Show full text]
  • WRA Species Report
    Family: Pteridaceae Taxon: Adiantum raddianum Synonym: Adiantum cuneatum Langsd. & Fisch. Common Name: delta maidenhair Questionaire : current 20090513 Assessor: Chuck Chimera Designation: H(HPWRA) Status: Assessor Approved Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 15 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? y=1, n=-1 103 Does the species have weedy races? y=1, n=-1 201 Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If island is primarily wet habitat, then (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High high) (See Appendix 2) 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 y 204 Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates y=1, n=0 y 205 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 y 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see y Appendix 2), n= question 205 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see y Appendix 2) 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see y Appendix 2) 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 n 402 Allelopathic y=1, n=0 n 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable to grazing animals y=1, n=-1 405 Toxic to animals y=1, n=0 n 406 Host for
    [Show full text]
  • Biological Diversity 5
    BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY: NONVASCULAR PLANTS AND NONSEED VASCULAR PLANTS Table of Contents Evolution of Plants | The Plant Life Cycle | Plant Adaptations to Life on Land Bryophytes | Tracheophytes: The Vascular Plants | Vascular Plant Groups | The Psilophytes | The Lycophytes The Sphenophyta | The Ferns | Learning Objectives | Terms | Review Questions | Links The plant kingdom contains multicellular phototrophs that usually live on land. The earliest plant fossils are from terrestrial deposits, although some plants have since returned to the water. All plant cells have a cell wall containing the carbohydrate cellulose, and often have plastids in their cytoplasm. The plant life cycle has an alternation between haploid (gametophyte) and diploid (sporophyte) generations. There are more than 300,000 living species of plants known, as well as an extensive fossil record. Plants divide into two groups: plants lacking lignin-impregnated conducting cells (the nonvascular plants) and those containing lignin-impregnated conducting cells (the vascular plants). Living groups of nonvascular plants include the bryophytes: liverworts, hornworts, and mosses. Vascular plants are the more common plants like pines, ferns, corn, and oaks. The phylogenetic relationships within the plant kingdom are shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. Phylogenetic reconstruction of the possible relationships between plant groups and their green algal ancestor. Note this drawing proposes a green algal group, the Charophytes, as possible ancestors for the plants. Image from Purves et al., Life: The Science of Biology, 4th Edition, by Sinauer Associates (www.sinauer.com) and WH Freeman (www.whfreeman.com), used with permission. Evolution of Plants | Back to Top Fossil and biochemical evidence indicates plants are descended from multicellular green algae.
    [Show full text]
  • Threatened Tasmanian Ferns
    Threatened Tasmanian Ferns Flora Recovery Plan Flora Recovery Plan: Threatened Tasmanian Ferns i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Much of the site and ecological information in this Recovery Plan is based upon the work of Garrett (1997), with some passages reproduced verbatim and without repeated citation. The preparation of this Plan was funded by the Australian Government Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities. Citation: Threatened Species Section (2011). Flora Recovery Plan: Threatened Tasmanian Ferns. Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment, Hobart. © Threatened Species Section This work is copyright. It may be produced for study, research or training purposes subject to an acknowledgment of the sources and no commercial usage or sale. Requests and enquires concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to the Manager, Threatened Species Section, Biodiversity Conservation Branch, Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment, Hobart. Disclaimer: The attainment of objectives outlined in this Recovery Plan may be subject to budgetary and other constraints. Recommended recovery actions may be subject to modification due to changes in knowledge or conservation status. ISBN: 978-0-7246-6598-3 (web) 978-0-7246-6601-0 (book) Abbreviations ALCT Aboriginal Land Council of Tasmania CAR Comprehensive, Adequate and Representative (Reserve System) CLAC Crown Land Assessment and Classification project (DPIPWE) DIER Tasmanian Department of Industry, Energy and Resources DPIPWE
    [Show full text]
  • Vol. XIV, No. 1,. the CLASSIFICATION of PLANTS, X
    198 The Ohio Naturalist. [Vol. XIV, No. 1,. THE CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS, X.* JOHN H. SCHAFFNER. Our knowledge of the anatomy, cytology, and life history of many of the groups of Pteridophytes is still far from satisfactory and only a tentative arrangement is at present possible. How- ever, three great lines of development are clearly marked giving three great phyla with which to begin. There may be some dis- pute as to the true relationship of a few isolated groups but in the great majority of living forms the connection is quite evident. Some of the recent speculations in respect to the Pteridophytes have very little morphological evidence for their support. The writer believes that it is best not to disturb the arrangements of the various groups as accepted in the past until there is more than a mere foundation of assumptions based on doubtful evolutionary hypotheses, many of which are all but disproven at the present time. There is a notion that external characters are less stable than internal anatomy. But there is really no evidence that this is so. We should first find out whether there is any ecological response and if so whether one set of structures responds more readily than another. Even if it could be shown that there is ecological adap- tion by direct response to environment or by natural selection this would still be inconclusive, for the internal structure would neces- sarily have to be co-ordinated with the external. A given type of vascular system may be found in a group and thus indicate rela- tionship, but the same is sometimes true of unimportant external structures like the ligule in Selaginclla.
    [Show full text]
  • The Anatomy and Morphology of Tmesipteris
    The Anatomy and Morphology of Tmesipteris. BY M. G. SYKES. Girton College, Cambridge; Bathurst Student, Newnkam College, Cambridge. With Plates VII and Vm and thirteen FigureB in the Text. HE material on which the following investigation is based was kindly T sent by Professor Thomas, of Auckland in New Zealand, at the request of Professor Seward ; it comprised two forms, differing only slightly in appearance and structure, but separated by Dangeard 1 as two species: T. tannensis (Fig. I) and T. lanceolata (Fig. II). My thanks are due to Professor Seward, both for liis kindness in obtaining the material for me and for his helpful interest in my work and useful suggestions during its progress. I. HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. Tmesipteris is found living as an epiphyte on tree-ferns in New Zealand, Australia, and Polynesia.8 Each plant consists of an aerial portion and a rhizome, or subterranean region, but has no roots. In my specimens the aerial part varied from three to eight inches in length. It is very difficult to extricate any but small pieces of the rhizome from the tree-fern roots with which it intertwines.3 I therefore received only small broken posterior portions of the rhizome and short lengths of the anterior region, the latter being attached to the aerial shoots.* Our knowledge of Tmesipteris is based entirely on the adult plant: spores have never been germinated, so nothing is known of the gameto- phyte. It seems probable that the plant has a saprophytic mode of life, and the occurrence of a fungus8 growing in the cortical cells of the rhizome supports this suggestion.
    [Show full text]
  • Fern News 92
    yaASSOCIATION %M@% of .92.? {6.7. We. MW” ISSN 0811-5311 DATE —MARCH, 2001 ‘30.»? **$********#*****$*****$*****#********************$**a******#****¢*$****#********* LEADER Peter Hind, 41 Miller Street, Mount Druitt. N. S. W. 2770 SECRETARY: Vacant TREASURER: Joan Moore, 2 Gannet Street, Gladesvine. N. SW. 21 1] NEWSLETTER EDITOR: Mike Healy, 272 Humffray St. NflL, Ballarat. Vic. 3350 E-mail address: [email protected]> (NB. It is n n_ot mhealy) SPORE BANK: Barry White, 24 Ruby Street, West Essendon. Vic. 3040 *1“!**t*#¥#*l¢********¥t******#****¥**IIHFttilt********************************#**#*** STATEMENT OF RECEIPT§ AND PAYMENTS FOR THE CALENDAR YEAR 2000 RECEIPTS Year 2000 1999 Members' subscriptions $420.00 $515.00 (includes some in advance) Donations: S.G.A.P. Regions 90.00 135.00 Members 30. 00 15 .00 Sydney raffles 30.00 54.00 Sale of book 45.00 45.00 Interest received 2.27 2.54 fimnbmm -— ------ nun—«n- Total Regpm $617.27 $766.54 PAYMENTS ' News1etter expenses ,_- Paper and priming $494.40 $474.05 Postage 222.45 232.90 Stationery 3.25 13.65 Money Orders 10.00 Bank Charges for withdrawals 11.00 16.46 F .1.D. 0.27 Correspondence 5. 10 19.20 Total Pavments $741.47 $756.26 SUMMARY Cash at bank December 1999 $2198.32 Deficit for year 129.20 Cash at bank December 2000 $2069.12 Treasurer's Comments February 200] This statement is fairly depressing: the bank is now charging $3 per withdrawal (I make four withdrawals a year) while paying something like 0.011% interest on the account! I dared not ask at what amount they now begin charging "account keeping fees".
    [Show full text]
  • Tmesipteris Sigmatifolia
    Tmesipteris sigmatifolia COMMON NAME Fossil Fern, Fork Fern SYNONYMS Tmesipteris tannensis var. elongata Sahni FAMILY Psilotaceae AUTHORITY Tmesipteris sigmatifolia Chinnock FLORA CATEGORY Vascular – Native ENDEMIC TAXON No ENDEMIC GENUS Tmesipteris sigmatifolia. Photographer: John No Smith-Dodsworth ENDEMIC FAMILY No STRUCTURAL CLASS Ferns NVS CODE TMESIG CHROMOSOME NUMBER 2n = 208 CURRENT CONSERVATION STATUS 2012 | Not Threatened PREVIOUS CONSERVATION STATUSES 2009 | Not Threatened 2004 | Sparse DISTRIBUTION Indigenous. North and South Islands. In the North Island recorded from Te Paki south to about Thames in the east and near Wanganui in the west. In On Cyathea dealbata, Riverhead. May 2008. the South Island recorded from Nelson, north-west Nelson and Westland. Photographer: Jeremy Rolfe Present also in New Caledonia. HABITAT Coastal and lowland forest. Usually epiphytic on tree fern trunks but also found growing terrestrially in deep leaf litter. In the northern part of its range it grows mostly within kauri (Agathis australis (D.Don.) Lindl.) forest. FEATURES Plants usually epiphytic sometimes terrestrial. Rhizomes far-creeping, buried within host bark or tissue, or buried within leaf litter, branched, lacking roots. Aerial stems pendulous, 60-280 mm long, undivided. Lamina spirally arranged, 10-20 mm long, bright green to dark green, distinctly sigmoid or narrow-oblong, coriaceous, apices blunt, midrib distinct, prolonged beyond lamina as a fine mucro. Sporangia (synangia) yellow-green, confined to the base of the upper side of the lamina, somewhat inconspicuous, unequal, testiculate with rounded apices, usually confined to upper portion of stem. SIMILAR TAXA Distinguished from the other New Zealand species by the sigmoid (sigma-shaped), mucronate, leaf-like lamina and small, rather inconspicuous, unequally sized, testiculate pairs of sporangia.
    [Show full text]