Curriculum Vitae Russell T. Hill
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Taxonomy and Diversity of the Sponge Fauna from Walters Shoal, a Shallow Seamount in the Western Indian Ocean Region
Taxonomy and diversity of the sponge fauna from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount in the Western Indian Ocean region By Robyn Pauline Payne A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Magister Scientiae in the Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape. Supervisors: Dr Toufiek Samaai Prof. Mark J. Gibbons Dr Wayne K. Florence The financial assistance of the National Research Foundation (NRF) towards this research is hereby acknowledged. Opinions expressed and conclusions arrived at, are those of the author and are not necessarily to be attributed to the NRF. December 2015 Taxonomy and diversity of the sponge fauna from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount in the Western Indian Ocean region Robyn Pauline Payne Keywords Indian Ocean Seamount Walters Shoal Sponges Taxonomy Systematics Diversity Biogeography ii Abstract Taxonomy and diversity of the sponge fauna from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount in the Western Indian Ocean region R. P. Payne MSc Thesis, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape. Seamounts are poorly understood ubiquitous undersea features, with less than 4% sampled for scientific purposes globally. Consequently, the fauna associated with seamounts in the Indian Ocean remains largely unknown, with less than 300 species recorded. One such feature within this region is Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount located on the South Madagascar Ridge, which is situated approximately 400 nautical miles south of Madagascar and 600 nautical miles east of South Africa. Even though it penetrates the euphotic zone (summit is 15 m below the sea surface) and is protected by the Southern Indian Ocean Deep- Sea Fishers Association, there is a paucity of biodiversity and oceanographic data. -
Porifera) in Singapore and Description of a New Species of Forcepia (Poecilosclerida: Coelosphaeridae)
Contributions to Zoology, 81 (1) 55-71 (2012) Biodiversity of shallow-water sponges (Porifera) in Singapore and description of a new species of Forcepia (Poecilosclerida: Coelosphaeridae) Swee-Cheng Lim1, 3, Nicole J. de Voogd2, Koh-Siang Tan1 1 Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 18 Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119227, Singapore 2 Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity, Naturalis, PO Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands 3 E-mail: [email protected] Key words: intertidal, Southeast Asia, sponge assemblage, subtidal, tropical Abstract gia) patera (Hardwicke, 1822) was the first sponge de- scribed from Singapore in the 19th century. This was A surprisingly high number of shallow water sponge species followed by Leucosolenia flexilis (Haeckel, 1872), (197) were recorded from extensive sampling of natural inter- Coelocarteria singaporensis (Carter, 1883) (as Phloeo tidal and subtidal habitats in Singapore (Southeast Asia) from May 2003 to June 2010. This is in spite of a highly modified dictyon), and Callyspongia (Cladochalina) diffusa coastline that encompasses one of the world’s largest container Ridley (1884). Subsequently, Dragnewitsch (1906) re- ports as well as extensive oil refining and bunkering industries. corded 24 sponge species from Tanjong Pagar and Pu- A total of 99 intertidal species was recorded in this study. Of lau Brani in the Singapore Strait. A further six species these, 53 species were recorded exclusively from the intertidal of sponge were reported from Singapore in the 1900s, zone and only 45 species were found on both intertidal and subtidal habitats, suggesting that tropical intertidal and subtidal although two species, namely Cinachyrella globulosa sponge assemblages are different and distinct. -
Trophic Ecology of the Tropical Pacific Sponge Mycale Grandis Inferred from Amino Acid Compound-Specific Isotopic Analyses
Microbial Ecology (2020) 79:495–510 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-019-01410-x HOST MICROBE INTERACTIONS Trophic Ecology of the Tropical Pacific Sponge Mycale grandis Inferred from Amino Acid Compound-Specific Isotopic Analyses Joy L. Shih1 & Karen E. Selph1 & Christopher B. Wall2 & Natalie J. Wallsgrove 3 & Michael P. Lesser4 & Brian N. Popp3 Received: 19 March 2019 /Accepted: 2 July 2019 /Published online: 17 July 2019 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019 Abstract Many sponges host abundant and active microbial communities that may play a role in the uptake of dissolved organic matter (DOM) by the sponge holobiont, although the mechanism of DOM uptake and metabolism is uncertain. Bulk and compound- specific isotopic analysis of whole sponge, isolated sponge cells, and isolated symbiotic microbial cells of the shallow water tropical Pacific sponge Mycale grandis were used to elucidate the trophic relationships between the host sponge and its associated microbial community. δ15Nandδ13CvaluesofaminoacidsinM. grandis isolated sponge cells are not different from those of its bacterial symbionts. Consequently, there is no difference in trophic position of the sponge and its symbiotic microbes indicating that M. grandis sponge cell isolates do not display amino acid isotopic characteristics typical of metazoan feeding. Furthermore, both the isolated microbial and sponge cell fractions were characterized by a similarly high ΣVvalue—a measure of bacterial-re-synthesis of organic matter calculated from the sum of variance among individual δ15N values of trophic amino acids. These high ΣVvalues observed in the sponge suggest that M. grandis is not reliant on translocated photosynthate from photosymbionts or feeding on water column picoplankton, but obtains nutrition through the uptake of amino acids of bacterial origin. -
Joseph Dorfeuille and the Western Museum" Are in the Library of the Natural History Museum with My Detailed Notes in Longhand and Complete Correspondence
Joseph Dorfeuiile and the Western Museum N time of peace and plenty, we can afford to indulge in the pastime of disparaging and debunking our saints and heroes, Ibut when storm and stress come, we turn to a respectful study of the men and women who have built up our nation and feel inclined to put them back on their pedestals again. That, doubtless, is the reason why historians great and small all over our land are writing and why we are reading about the American, his vast and shifting background and varied achievements, throwing into fresh relief the great figures we already know and finding others who once upon a time accomplished their work and have since been forgotten. Such a man I stumbled upon in trying to piece together the tattered shreds of history which connect the Cincinnati Society of Natural His- tory, organized in 1870, back through the Western Academy of Sci- ences (1835) with the Western Museum, opened to the public as one of the first scientific museums in the United States (1820). I found in this research a great many other interesting people and things which had helped build up the reputation of our city but are now no longer heard of, but this one man in particular took such strong hold of my imagination that I must needs try, at least, to rescue him from the limbo of vague and forgotten figures and clothe him once more in flesh and blood. He was French, one of those cultured aristocrats, widely scattered, who leavened our crude young communities with the love of letters, science and the arts, and then nurtured them. -
UH HIMB Sponge Biodiversity FY19 Final Report
Project Title Using genetic techniques to determine the unknown diversity and possible alien origin of sponges present in Hawaii Agency, Division University of Hawaii, Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology Total Amount Requested $114,200 Amount Awarded $49,145 Applicants (First and Last Name) Robert Toonen & Jan Vicente Applicant Email Address [email protected] Project Start Date 1-Oct-18 Estimated Project End Date 31-May-20 Efforts to detect and prevent alien introductions depend on understanding which species are already present1–3. This is particularly important when working with taxonomically challenging groups like marine sponges (phylum Porifera), where morphological characters are highly limited, and misidentifications are common4. Although sponges are a major component of the fouling community, they remain highly understudied because they are so difficult to identify4. The Keyhole Sponge is already present in Hawaiʻi5,6, but others like Terpios hoshinota, which is invading many locations across the Pacific7,8, kills corals and turns the entire reefscape into a gray carpet that would be devastating to Hawaiʻi tourism if introduced here. However, many gray sponges look alike, and it is only through the combined use of morphological and genetic characters that most sponges can be identified reliably4. To date, there have been very few taxonomic assessments of sponges in Hawaiʻi9–14, and only the most recent of these has included any DNA barcodes in an effort to confirm the visual identifications15. Most of the early studies did not provide museum specimens or even detailed descriptions about how the species were identified, and the few vouchers that exist from these studies were dried which precludes DNA comparisons. -
Sponge Contributions to the Geology and Biology of Reefs: Past, Present, and Future 5
Sponge Contributions to the Geology and Biology of Reefs: Past, Present, and Future 5 Janie Wulff Abstract Histories of sponges and reefs have been intertwined from the beginning. Paleozoic and Mesozoic sponges generated solid building blocks, and constructed reefs in collaboration with microbes and other encrusting organisms. During the Cenozoic, sponges on reefs have assumed various accessory geological roles, including adhering living corals to the reef frame, protecting solid biogenic carbonate from bioeroders, generating sediment and weakening corals by eroding solid substrate, and consolidating loose rubble to facilitate coral recruitment and reef recovery after physical disturbance. These many influences of sponges on substratum stability, and on coral survival and recruitment, blur distinctions between geological vs. biological roles. Biological roles of sponges on modern reefs include highly efficient filtering of bacteria- sized plankton from the water column, harboring of hundreds of species of animal and plant symbionts, influencing seawater chemistry in conjunction with their diverse microbial symbionts, and serving as food for charismatic megafauna. Sponges may have been playing these roles for hundreds of millions of years, but the meager fossil record of soft-bodied sponges impedes historical analysis. Sponges are masters of intrigue. They play roles that cannot be observed directly and then vanish without a trace, thereby thwarting understanding of their roles in the absence of carefully controlled manipulative experiments and time-series observations. Sponges are more heterogeneous than corals in their ecological requirements and vulnerabilities. Seri- ous misinterpretations have resulted from over-generalizing from a few conspicuous species to the thousands of coral-reef sponge species, representing over twenty orders in three classes, and a great variety of body plans and relationships to corals and solid carbonate substrata. -
Scs18-23 WG-ESA Report 2018
Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization Serial No N6900 NAFO SCS Doc. 18/23 SC WORKING GROUP ON ECOSYSTEM SCIENCE AND ASSESSMENT – NOVEMBER 2018 Report of the 11th Meeting of the NAFO Scientific Council Working Group on Ecosystem Science and Assessment (WG-ESA) NAFO Headquarters, Dartmouth, Canada 13 - 22 November 2018 Contents Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................................................3 Theme 1: spatial considerations................................................................................................................................................................4 1.1. Update on VME indicator species data and distribution .............................................................................4 1.2 Progress on implementation of workplan for reassessment of VME fishery closures. .................9 1.3. Discussion on updating Kernel Density Analysis and SDM’s .....................................................................9 1.4. Update on the Research Activities related to EU-funded Horizon 2020 ATLAS Project ...............9 1.5. Non-sponge and non-coral VMEs (e.g. bryozoan and sea squirts). ..................................................... 14 1.6 Ecological diversity mapping and interactions with fishing on the Flemish Cap .......................... 14 1.7 Sponge removal by bottom trawling in the Flemish Cap area: implications for ecosystem functioning ................................................................................................................................................................... -
Mycale Grandis Gray, 1867
Mycale grandis Gray, 1867 The orange key-hole sponge Mycale grandis is an introduced sponge that is considered invasive and a potential threat to corals and reefs in Hawaiian waters. M. grandis present on the main Hawaiian Islands. It is most likely to have been introduced is native unintentionally to the Australasia-Pacific as a fouling organism Region onand ship is hulls. M. grandis is generally restricted to shallow-water fouling communities in major harbours with associated disturbed habitats. The orange-red colouring is both internal and external. It can grow as thickly encrusting to lobate-massive cushions up to 1 metre diameter and 0.5m thick or larger. The upper surfaces of large sponges show large ostia or “keyholes”, hence the common cavernous,name. The sponge’sand often surface packed is with uneven. small The ophiuroids texture is ( Ophiactisfibrous and cf. savignyifirm but) (Eldredgecompressible, and Smithand can 2001). be torn easily. The interior is M. grandis Porites compressa was first observed in Kane‘ohe’ohe Bay, in the mid Photo credit: Steve Coles (Hawaii Biological Survey) Montipora1990s, by capitata2004 it , wasthe twoobserved dominant overgrowing reef-forming the coralfinger species coral and the ‘Near Threatened (NT)’ rice coral but there are concerns that this aggressive sponge could compete (Coles & Bolick 2006). Its ecological impacts have not been studied for space with native corals and sponge species of Kane‘ohe’ohe Bay and eventually become dominant (Coles & Bolick 2007). References: Coles, S. L and Bolick, H. 2006. Assessment of invasiveness of the orange keyhole sponge Mycale armata in Kane`ohe Bay, O`ahu, Hawai`i. -
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Voices Oral History Archives in Partnership with Noaa Heritage and the National Weather Service
NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION VOICES ORAL HISTORY ARCHIVES IN PARTNERSHIP WITH NOAA HERITAGE AND THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE AN INTERVIEW WITH JEANETTE DAVIS FOR THE NOAA 50th ORAL HISTORY PROJECT INTERVIEW CONDUCTED BY MOLLY GRAHAM SILVER SPRING, MARYLAND DECEMBER 5, 2019 TRANSCRIPT BY MOLLY GRAHAM Molly Graham: This begins an oral history interview with Dr. Jeanette Davis for the NOAA 50th Oral History Project. The interview is taking place on December 5, 2019, in Silver Spring, Maryland. The interview is Molly Graham. Could you start by saying where and when you were born? Jeanette Davis: I was born in Wilmington, Delaware, the first state of the United States of America, [laughter] in 1985. I am thirty-four years old. I actually just turned thirty-four a few weeks ago. MG: Happy belated birthday. JD: Thank you. MG: I’m curious how your family came to settle in Delaware. JD: My family is originally from South Carolina. It’s always interesting because growing up – my mother is one of twelve. My grandmother was one of eight, I believe. They lived in the South. One of my grandmother’s sisters got married really young and, according to the family, ran off to the North. She met her husband, my Uncle (Ash?), who was in the military in Delaware. So they were the first to come up from South Carolina to Delaware because of the military and because of the opportunities that were there compared to the South. My aunt then went back down to the South and got her sisters and family, and then we migrated to Delaware. -
The Trophic Ecology of Coral Reef Sponges in Caribbean Mesophotic Ecosystems
University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Doctoral Dissertations Student Scholarship Fall 2020 The Trophic Ecology of Coral Reef Sponges in Caribbean Mesophotic Ecosystems Keir John Macartney University of New Hampshire, Durham Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation Recommended Citation Macartney, Keir John, "The Trophic Ecology of Coral Reef Sponges in Caribbean Mesophotic Ecosystems" (2020). Doctoral Dissertations. 2531. https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/2531 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Trophic Ecology of Coral Reef Sponges in Caribbean Mesophotic Ecosystems BY Keir J. Macartney Bachelor of Marine Biology (Honours), University of St Andrews, 2016 DISSERTATION Submitted to the University of New Hampshire in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy In Molecular and Evolutionary Systems Biology September 2020 i This dissertation was examined and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Ph.D. in Molecular and Evolutionary Systems Biology by: Dissertation Director, Michael P. Lesser, Ph.D., Research Professor Emeritus, Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire Marc Slattery, Ph.D., Professor, Pharmacognosy and Environmental Toxicology in BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi Winsor Watson III, Ph.D., Professor Emeritus, Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire David Plachetzki, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire Stephen H. -
CURRICULUM VITAE Judith Marie O'neil
Judith M. O’Neil CURRICULUM VITAE Judith Marie O'Neil Horn Point Laboratory University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science Cambridge, MD 21613 USA Phone: 410-221-8411 Fax: 410-221-8490 Email: [email protected] http://www.hpl.umces.edu/faculty/oneil/index.html I. Education 1983 B.S., Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA. Biology. 1982 Sea Education Association, Woods Hole, MA; SEA Semester Student R/V Westward 1987 M.S., State University of New York at Stony Brook, NY. Marine Environmental Science. 1995 Ph.D., University of Maryland, College Park, MD. Marine Environmental and Estuarine Science Program (Biological Oceanography). II. Professional Background 1995-1999 Research Officer, School of Marine Science/Zoology Department University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. 1999-2001 Australian Research Council Fellow (APDI), Botany Department and Lecturer, Centre for Marine Studies, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia 2002-2004 Lecturer (Assistant Professor), Centre for Marine Studies, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia (50%) 2002- Assistant Research Professor, Horn Point Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Cambridge, MD 2011 Visiting Scientist, Global Change Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Jan-July ’11- Host: Professor Ove Hoegh-Guldberg. III. Awards/ Recognitions American Society of Limnology and Oceanography (ASLO): Dissertation Initiatives in Limnology and Oceanography (DIALOG II) selected participant; Bermuda Biological Station for Research; Oct. 1998. Australian Research Council Post-Doctoral Industry Fellowship Award 1999-2001. Reviewer Award for “Exceptional Contribution to the journal Harmful Algae”: Elsevier Publishing Co., Amsterdam, The Netherlands. IV. Research A. Areas of professional expertise: Biological oceanography, cyanobacterial ecophysiology, plankton trophodynamics, harmful algal bloom ecology, nutrient dynamics, marine botany, (sub) tropical coastal marine ecology, coral reef biology. -
Current Trends in Oceanography and Marine Science Sabith DBKK, Et Al
Current Trends in Oceanography and Marine Science Sabith DBKK, et al. Curr Trends Oceanogr Mar Sci 4: 114. Review Article DOI: 10.29011/CTOMS-114.100014 A Review on Taxonomy of Lakshadweep Sponges and its Checklist Dil Baseer Sabith KK, PM Mohan* Department of Ocean Studies and Marine Biology, Pondicherry University Off Campus, Brookshabad, India *Corresponding author: Mohan PM, Department of Ocean Studies and Marine Biology, Pondicherry University Off Campus, Brookshabad - 744112, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India Citation: Sabith DBKK, Mohan PM (2020) A Review on Taxonomy of Lakshadweep Sponges and its Checklist. Curr Trends Ocean- ogr Mar Sci 4: 114. DOI: 10.29011/CTOMS-114.100014 Received Date: 09 April, 2021; Accepted Date: 19 April, 2021; Published Date: 23 April, 2021 Introduction a perplexing situation for the upcoming researchers. This may be due to not available of updates checklist, some species name Sponge is one of the oldest group of multicellular animal change because of the revised classification of sponges by Morrow found on the earth [1]. They are one of the highly diverse and and Cárdenas [25] as well as differences of opinion are available on successful group of marine benthic communities around the world about the number of sponge species recorded from Lakshadweep [2]. Sponge is one of the dominnent associated species in coral offshore regions. An attempt was initiated to compile the literature reef ecosystem [3] and they help to bind the live corals to the on sponge species and its distribution for Lakshdweep Islands reef frames, also helps to regeneration of broken reefs, sheltering waters and prepared a checklist to update the sponge taxonomy microbial symbionts of nitrifying and photosynthesizing acivities status in these Islands.