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Records of the Western Australian Museum 21: 71-81 (2002). Leander manningi, a new palaemonine shrimp from Western Australia (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae), with a review of the Indo-West Pacific species of the genus Leander E. Desmarest, 1849 A.J. Bruce Queensland Museum, P.O. Box 3300, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101 Australia e-mail: [email protected] Abstract -A new species of marine palaemonine shrimp from Western Australia is described and illustrated. Leander manningi, a shrimp closely related to L. paulensis (Ortmann, 1897) and L. tenuicornis (Say, 1818), was collected during the course of a survey of Cockburn Sound, Western Australia. The Indo-West Pacific species of the genus Leander Desmarest, 1849 now known are reviewed and a key for their identification is provided. INTRODUCTION SYSTEMATICS The first species of the small palaemonine genus Leander manningi sp. novo Leander to enter the scientific record was Palaemon Figures 1-4 tenuicornis described by Say in 1819 from the North Atlantic Newfoundland Banks. It was re-described Material Examined as Leander erraticus by Desmarest (1849) and first Australia: Western Australia: 1 female, holotype, reported from the Indo-West Pacific region, from BP Oil Refinery Jetty, Kwinana, Cockburn Sound, Japan, by De Haan (1849), as Palaemon latirostris. O.5m MLW, 11 May 1999, WAM C28204. 2 males The species was formally placed in the genus paratypes, 1 juvenile male paratype, 1 , WAM Leander, as L. tenuicornis by Kingsley (1878). Kemp C28205, 1 female, idem, 7.0m, 1 May 1999, WAM (1925) mentions that, in the Atlantic Ocean, the C28206. species occurs as far south as the Falkland Islands. It has since been commonly found throughout the Diagnosis warm waters of the world except for the Eastern Rostrum moderately deep, far exceeding Pacific region. The second species to be described antennular peduncle, about 1.4 times CL; dentition was Leander paulensis Ortmann, 1897, from Brazil, 2+7/5-6; carapace and abdomen non-setose; third and half a century later a third, L. kempi was abdominal tergite not posteriorly produced, pleura described by Holthuis (1950b) from Indonesian of fourth segment posteroventrally rounded, fifth waters. More recently, L. plumosus has been acute; stylocerite short, to half length of proximal described from the Maldive Islands (Bruce, 1994) segment of antennular peduncle; distolateral and since been found to occur in Indonesian, margin subrectangular, not concave; lamella of Japanese and New Caledonian seas. A strikingly scaphocerite well exceeding distolateral tooth; coloured species, it contrasts markedly with the dull mandibular palp 3-segmented; second pereiopod cryptically coloured L. tenuicornis and L. paulensis. with chela longer than carpus, fingers distinctly The life colour pattern of L. kempi has not been shorter than palm, each with small acute proximal recorded. A further species from Western Australia denticle, carpus longer than merus; merus and is now described and illustrated. Two species are carpus unarmed; third pereiopod dactyl stout, now known to occur in Australian waters. about 0.4 of propod length, ventral margin almost Abbreviations used: CL, postorbital carapace straight; propod strongly spinulate. length; BMNH, The Natural History Museum, London, V.K.; NTM, Northern Territory Museum, Description Darwin, Australia; RMNH, National Natural Small sized palaemonid shrimp, of slender form History Museum, Leiden, the Netherlands; WAM, and with glabrous body. Western Australian Museum, Perth, Western Australia; ZMA, Zoology Museum, University of Rostrum (Figure 18) Amsterdam, the Netherlands. About 1.3 times CL, well exceeding distal 72 A.J. Bruce c D A L_l,Omm I If H A I F 2.0 mm AD Figure 1 Leander manningi sp. nov., female holotype, Cockbum Sound, C28204. A, carapace and rostrum 8, anterior carapace and rostrum, dorsal view. C, anterior carapace, rostrum and ophthalmic somite, lateral view. D, fifth and sixth abdominal segments, and telson. E, antennule. P, antenna. G, eye, dorsal. H, telson. I, uropod. scaphocerite (Figure lC), with well developed antennal spine acute, marginal, exceeding inferior dorsal carina and deep ventral carina, feeble lateral orbital angle, hepatic spine absent, branchiostegal carinae, slightly up-turned distally, dorsal margin suture absent, branchiostegal spine acute, subequal with 9 similar acute teeth, first 2 situated on to antennaI spine, postmarginal, below and carapace, each with short row of small plumose posterior to antennal spine, tip not reaching anterior setae distally, lower margin with ~ teeth larger carapace margin, anterolateral angle of than dorsal teeth, curved, with double row of branchiostegite broadly obtuse, ventral margin non submarginal plumose setae. setose. Carapace (Figure lA) Abdomen (Figure 10) Smooth, supraorbital spines absent, orbit feebly Third tergite slightly posterodorsally developed, without post orbital ridge, inferior produced, fifth segment about 0.65 of sixth orbital angle subacute, without inner flange, segment length, sixth segment 1.6 times longer A new marine shrimp, LCIllltier 1/lllll/lillgi, from Western Australia 73 than deep, posterolateral angle acute, Eye (Figure 1G) posteroventral angle acute, plumose setae Cornea globular, about 0.25 of CL, black, with ventrally; pleura of first three segments broadly well developed accessory pigment spot, stalk rounded, fourth posteriorly produced, rounded, subequal to corneal diameter, 1.2 times longer than fifth produced, angular, posteroventrally acute, central width. Ophthalmic somite with small blunt ventrally setose. angular median process. Telson (Figure 1H) Mandible (Figure 2A) About 0.9 of CL, 1.4 times sixth andominal Corpus large, stout, with long slender 3 segment length, 2.5 times longer than anterior segmented palp distolaterally (Figure 4C) proximal width, lateral margins sublinear, posteriorly two segments short, subequal, together subequal to convergent, dorsally with 2 pairs of small subequal length of subcylindrical setose terminal segment; dorsolateral spines, about 0.1 of telson length, at 0.4 molar process short, stout, subcylindrical, distally and 0.65 of telson length, posterior margin (Figure truncate, with 4 large blunt marginal teeth, 4G) about 0.4 of anterior margin width, with long scaphoid medially; incisor process normal, 3 teeth slender apical point, about 0.7 of posterior telson distally on right, 4 on left, central teeth smaller than width, 0.1 of telson length, far exceeding tips of outer teeth. lateral spines, with pair of anterodorsal setae, lateral spines similar to dorsal spines, medial spines well Maxillula (Figure 2B) developed, subventral, about 0.33 of telson length, Palp (Figure 40) bilobed, upper lobe with short with pair of long slender plumose subventral slender simple seta, lower lobe with small ventral submedian setae. tubercule with minute terminal uncinate setule; upper lacinia broad, distally obliquely truncate with Antennule (Figure lE) numerous short simple spines and setae distally; Peduncle reaching to about 0.75 of the rostral lower lacinia short, subcylindrical, tapering, distally length; proximal segment about 2.3 times longer truncate, with numerous feebly spiniform setae than wide, medial margin with plumose setae, distally and ventrally. with strong acute ventromedial tooth at 0.5 of length, lateral margin feebly convex, with stout Maxilla (Figure 2C) distolateral tooth reaching to about midlength of Basal endite well developed, bilobed, lobes short, intermediate peduncular segment, anterolateral subequal, with numerous short simple setae margin (Figure 4A) moderately produced, bluntly distally; coxal endite obsolete, medial margin angular, with numerous plumose setae which sublinear; palp short, non-setose; scaphognathite extend along the subventral lateral border, small, 3 times longer than central width. stylocerite slender, acute, reaching to about 0.55 of segment length, statocyst with granular statolith; intermediate segment about 0.33 of proximal First maxilliped (Figure 20) segment length, 1.6 times longer than wide, medial Basal endite large, broad, distally rounded, with margin laminar, margins with plumose setae, numerous long simple marginal setae distal segment subequal to intermediate segment distomedially; coxal endite distinct, simple, length, 2.0 times longer than wide, upper flagellum medially convex with 4 very long setulose setae biramous with proximal 5-6 segments of rami distomedially; palp short, simple, with single short fused, short ramus with 7-8 segments, with about plumose seta distally; exopod well developed, 21 groups of aesthetascs on 10 distal segments, with large caridean lobe, ramus slender, with lower ramus slender, filiform, about 36 segments, numerous plumose setae distally, epipod large, lower flagellum slender, filiform, about 33 feebly bilobed, distal lobe much larger than segments, 0.8 of longer free ramus of upper proximal. flagellum. Second maxilliped (Figure 2E) Antenna (Figure 1F) Of normal form, dactylar segment 3.5 times Basicerite with small acute lateral tooth; longer than broad, with numerous robust serrulate ischiocerite and merocerite normal, carpocerite spines medially, propodal segment broad, distally reaching to about 0.33 of scaphocerite length, rounded, feebly medially produced, with simple subcylindrical, 3 times longer than wide; setae and spines distomedially; carpus acutely scaphocerite about 4 times longer than proximal produced medially; ischiomerus and basis normal; width, lamella broad,