IND: Clean Energy Finance Investment Program - Tranche 1

Environment Due Diligence Report

Project Number: 46268-002 December 2017 Part A: Main Report (Pages 1- 10) and Annexures

Subproject: Bhadla 1 -70MW and Bhadla 2- 70 MW Capacity Solar Power Project(s) at Bhadla Solar Park Phase II, Jodhpur District, Rajasthan State

Submitted by

Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency, New Delhi

This environment due diligence report has been prepared by the Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency, New Delhi for the Asian Development Bank and is made publicly available in accordance with ADB’s Public Communications Policy (2011). It does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB.

This environment due diligence report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

DUE DILIGENCE REPORT ON ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARDS (LOAN 3186 IND: CLEAN ENERGY INVESTMENT PROGRAM)

Subproject: Bhadla 1 -70MW and Bhadla 2- 70 MW Capacity Solar Power Project (s) at Bhadla Solar Park Phase II, Jodhpur District, Rajasthan State

Subproject Developers:

M/s Rising Bhadla 1 Private Limited & M/s Rising Bhadla 2 Private Limited (subsidiaries of M/s Rising Sun Energy Private Limited (RSEPL)

NOV 2017 (Rev Ver. of July 2017 with Review Comments)

Due Diligence Report by: HARI PRAKASH ADB TA Environmental Safeguards Specialist

On Behalf of: ESSU, IREDA 3rd Floor, August Kranthi Bhavan, Bhikaji Cama Place New Delhi 110 066

DUE DILIGENCE REPORT ON ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARDS (LOAN 3186 IND: CLEAN ENERGY INVESTMENT PROGRAM)

Subproject: Bhadla 1 -70MW and Bhadla 2- 70 MW Capacity Solar Power Project (s) at Bhadla Solar Park Phase II, Jodhpur District, Rajasthan State

Subproject Developer: M/s Rising Bhadla 1 Pvt. Ltd. & M/s Rising Bhadla 2 Pvt. Ltd. (subsidiaries of M/s Rising Sun Energy Private Limited (RSEPL)

HARI PRAKASH, Prepared by ADB TA, Environmental Safeguard Specialist

RUCHIKA DRALL, Environmental & Review by Social Officer, ESSU, IREDA KHEKIHO YEPTHO, Approved by Head ESSU & Compliance Officer, IREDA

CONTENTS

A. Sub Project Title ...... 1

B. Sub Project Background ...... 1

C. Sub Project Developer ...... 1

D. Present Status of Subproject ...... 2

E. Applicable Environmental Safeguards Policies and Regulatory Framework ...... 3

I. GoI India Regulatory Framework ...... 3

II. ADBs Safeguards Policy and Requirements ...... 3

III. Scope and Methodology for Environmental Safeguards Due Diligence ...... 4

F. Environmental Safeguards Due Diligence ...... 4

G. Corrective Action Plans Required ...... 9

H. Conclusion and Recommendations ...... 10

ANNEXURES

Annexure 1: The notification of CPCB & RSPCB 11

Annexure 2: ADB Prohibited List of Activities 80

Annexure 3: Filled in REA Checklist 82

Annexure 4: Copy of ESIA report 90

Annexure 5: Site Photographs taken during Due-Diligence Site Vist 235

Annexure 6: Environmental monitoring Report 238

Annexure 7: EHS audit reports 257

Annexure 8: The Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001 275

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ADB : Asian Development bank C-Si : Crystalline Silicon CTE : Consent to Establish CTO : Consent to Operate COD : Commercial Operation Date ESDD : Environmental Safeguard Due Diligence ESSU : Environmental and Social Safeguard Unit GoI : Government of India IREDA : Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Limited LoC : Line of Credit MoEF : Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change

MWp : Watt Peak Capacity NTPC : National Thermal Power Corporation NVVN : NTPC Vidyut Vyapar Nigam Limited PIM : Project Information Memorandum PPA : Power Purchase Agreement RB1PL : Rising Bhadla 1 Private Limited REA : Rapid Environmental Assessment RB2PL : Rising Bhadla 2 Private Limited RSEPL : Rising Sun Energy Private Limited SPS : Safeguard Policy Statement

- ii- Environmental Safeguards Due Diligence (ESDD) Report Loan 3186 IND: Clean Energy Investment Program

ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARDS DUE DILIGENCE REPORT

Sub Project: Bhadla 1 -70MW and Bhadla 2- 70 MW Solar PV Power Projects at Bhadla Solar Park Phase II, Jodhpur District, Rajasthan State

A. Sub Project Title 1. The subproject (s) is construction and commissioning of Bhadla 1 - 70 MW and Bhadla 2 - 70 MW Solar PV Power Project at Bhadla Solar Park Phase II, in village Bhadla, Tehsil Phalodi, Jodhpur District in the state of Rajasthan, India using Poly Crystalline Silicon (C-Si) Technology.

2. M/s Rising Bhadla 1 Private Limited (RB1PL) and M/s Rising Bhadla 2 Private Limited (RB2PL) are the wholly owned subsidiaries of M/s Rising Sun Energy Private Limited (RSEPL) mandated to develop Bhadla 1 -70 MW and Bhadla 2 - 70 MW Solar PV power project respectively. Both these subprojects are located adjacent to each other within the Bhadla Solar Park II at village Bhadla, Tehsil Phalodi, Jodhpur District in the state of Rajasthan.

3. IREDA, presently has approved a loan to RB1PL and RB2PL and intends to fund the subproject through LoC (Line of credit) from ADB.

B. Sub Project Background 4. National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) Limited, under the Government of India (GoI) invited bids for setting up 420 MW solar PV power projects in Bhadla Phase II Solar Park, Jodhpur District, Rajasthan under NSM Phase II Batch II Tranche I.

5. In response to this, M/s Rising Sun Energy Private Limited (RSEPL) submitted a successful bid for development of solar PV project of 140MW (70MW each), which is being developed by its subsidiaries, M/s Rising Bhadla 1 Private Limited (RB1PL) and M/s Rising Bhadla 2 Private Limited (RB2PL). RSEPL is a new entity in the Renewable energy sector with focus on tapping the solar energy potential in India by carrying out activities including setting up grid connected/off-grid/rooftop solar projects.

C. Sub Project Developer 6. RB1PL and RB2PL are the subsidiaries of RSEPL, which in turn is promoted by three Singapore based entities namely Charisma Energy Services Ltd. (majority shareholder), Bhadla Solar Investments Pte Ltd (investment vehicle) and Sunseap International Pte Ltd. (technical partner). Both RB1PL and RB2PL were incorporated in March 2016 to set up solar power projects of capacity 70MW each within Bhadla Solar Park Phase II at village Bhadla, tehsil Phalodi, Jodhpur District in the state of Rajasthan as per the allocation.

7. IREDA is a Public Limited Government Company established in 1987, under the administrative control of MNRE (Ministry of New and Renewable Energy), GoI to promote, develop and extend financial assistance for renewable energy and energy efficiency/ conservation projects. The corporate objectives of IREDA are:

 To give financial support to specific projects and schemes for generating electricity and /

ESDD Report Prepared by HARI PRAKASH TA 8937 IND – Capacity Building of the IREDA - Environmental Safeguards Consultant Environmental Safeguards Due Diligence (ESDD) Report Loan 3186 IND: Clean Energy Investment Program

or energy through new and renewable sources and conserving energy through energy efficiency  To increase IREDA's share in the renewable energy sector by way of innovative financing  To strive to be competitive institution through customer satisfaction.  To maintain its position as a leading organization to provide efficient and effective financing in renewable energy and energy efficiency / conservation projects.  Improvement in the efficiency of services provided to customers through continual improvement of systems, processes and resources. 8. In line with its corporate objectives, IREDA has approved a loan to finance these subprojects based on Poly Crystalline Silicon (C-Si) Technology being developed by M/s Rising Bhadla 1 Private Limited (RB1PL) and M/s Rising Bhadla 2 Private Limited (RB2PL). The estimated cost of each subproject is INR 451.81 crores, out of which IREDA is processing a loan of INR 338.85(75%) crores for each subproject. The subproject is solely financed by IREDA (75% as debt) with the balance 25% as equity by the subject project developer. There is no other lender or financier to this subproject

9. IREDA, intends to fund the subproject through LoC (Line of credit) from ADB under the Clean Energy Investment Program to augment the efforts of Government of India in promoting the renewal energy projects including the solar power projects.

D. Present Status of Subproject 10. IREDA approved the loan to subprojects Bhadla I & II in November 2016 and the construction at site commenced in February 2017. The subproject has been commissioned on 15th August 2017, coinciding with the Independence Day of the Country.

11. The construction work of the subprojects was under progress during the safeguards due diligence site visit undertaken between 20th - 21st June 2017. As of third week of June 2017, about 75% of civil work and nearly 50% of installation of solar panels was completed.

12. The power purchase agreement between M/s RB1PL, M/s RB2PL and NTPC Vidyut Vyapar Nigam Limited (NVVN) was signed on 12th May 2016 for a period of 25 years. As per the PPAs executed between M/s RB1PL, M/s RB2PL and NVVN, power from the project will be transmitted at 132 kV to the 220/132kV pooling substation located inside the Bhadla Solar Park at a distance of 300 meters from the project location.

13. M/s. Rays Power Experts Pvt. Ltd. was engaged as the EPC (Engineering, Procurement and Construction) contractor for the project responsible for setting up and commissioning of the both Bhadla 1 and Bhadla 2 (70MW each for RB1PL and RB2PL) solar power project.

14. An ESIA (environmental and social impact assessment) report for both subprojects Bhadla 1 and 2 of RB1PL and RB2PL was commissioned by RSEPL and prepared by M/s Gensol Engineering Pvt. Ltd in October 2016.

E. Applicable Environmental Safeguards Policies and Regulatory Framework I. GoI India Regulatory Framework 15. As per the present regulatory framework, solar power projects do not require any prior environmental clearances either at the Centre or at the State level. The Schedule of EIA notification, 2006 does not include solar power projects and thus are out of the purview of this notification.

16. Further, as per the re-categorization of industries notified in March 2016 by MOEF&CC, Government of India, the solar power projects of all capacities are now placed under white category, which are exempted from all regulatory approvals including seeking consent to establish (CTE) and consent to operate (CTO) from the State Pollution Control Board. The notification of Central Pollution Control Board dated March 2016 as well as notification of Rajasthan Pollution Control Board dated May 2016 regarding the recategorizing of Industries is given in Annexure 1.

17. The land for the subprojects has been allotted to the developer by the State Government of Rajasthan through the Rajasthan Solar Park Development Agency. The Rajasthan Solar Park Development Agency has been mandated to develop and allot the land for solar projects across the state on behalf of State Government of Rajasthan.

18. The land allotted for the sub-projects (346 acres or 140 hectares for each unit of 70 MW capacity) does not involve any forest land and thus, there is no requirement to obtain NOC from Forests and Environment, Department of Gujarat or to seek any clearances under the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980.

II. ADBs Safeguards Policy and Requirements 19. IREDA’s mandate is to minimize the energy sector’s negative environmental impact by promoting cleaner and more environmental friendly technologies, and thus IREDA is committed to avoid and mitigate adverse environmental impacts, if any, resulting from the projects it finances.

20. IREDA management has approved an ESMS (Environmental and Social Management System), which shall apply to all subprojects using the ADB line of credit to ensure subproject’s compliance to ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS) 2009.

21. IREDA has setup an ESSU (Environmental and Social Safeguards Unit) to implement the ESMS and to ensure compliance of all its subprojects to ESMS. The ESSU is presently functional with a designated officer at the level of Deputy General Manager as in-charge of ESSU as well as compliance officer for regulatory compliances. In addition, ESSU has one full- time Assistant Environment Officer having 10 years of experience. At present this officer is also managing implementation of social safeguards related activities.

22. IREDA is presently considering to finance the Bhadla 1 and 2 subprojects through the LoC from ADB and therefore these are being subjected to the environmental safeguard due diligence in accordance with the ESMS to ensure subproject’s compliance to ADB Safeguard

Policy Statement (SPS) 2009. III. Scope and Methodology for Environmental Safeguards Due Diligence

23. The ESDD (environmental safeguard due diligence) of the subproject has been carried out as per the laid down procedures in the ESMS agreed upon with ADB and applicable for all IREDA projects financed through ADB’s LoC. The scope and methodology adopted for ESDD is briefly described hereunder

24. Documents Review: The documents review for conducting ESDD comprised the following;  Review of Project related documents like PIM (Project Information Memorandum), IREDA’s loan processing file containing information from loan application to loan approval stage)  Review of ESIA reports for the Bhadla 1 and Bhadla 2 subprojects (70MW each) prepared by M/s Gensol Engineering Pvt. Ltd  Discussions with the project specific team within IREDA, involved in the appraisal and loan processing of the subproject  Discussions with sub project developer, explaining the need and scope for safeguards due diligence, scope of ESDD and seeking of additional information for ESDD, as required  Desk review of secondary data from authentic and published sources.

25. Site Visit: In co-ordination with IREDA, a field visit was undertaken by both environmental safeguards specialist to the subproject site between 20-21st June 2017 for environment safeguard due diligence of the subproject. The representatives of the promoters/developers accompanied the safeguard specialist to the subproject site and provided clarifications to all on site queries. The IREDA Environmental Officer had separately visited the subproject site on 11-13th January 2017, as apart its routine safeguards due diligence visit, prior to commencement of subproject construction works.

F. Environmental Safeguards Due Diligence 26. Based on the review of project documents made available, site visit and desk review of secondary data from published sources, environmental safeguards due diligence was carried out. The findings of the due diligence as well as the environmental sensitivity of the both Bhadla 1 & 2, 70MW each with a cumulative capacity of 140 MW is summarized hereunder  As per the current regulations, the subprojects (solar power projects) do not require prior environmental clearances either at Centre and/or State levels and are out of the purview of EIA Notification, 2006. This project does not trigger any environmental clearance under the then prevailing regulations related CRZ and wetlands.

 The subprojects (solar power projects) are listed under white category as per the present categorization of Industries, notified by Central Pollution Control Board and thus stand exempted from seeking consent(s) to establish and operate from the Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board. (Ref. Annexure 1).

 The subprojects do not fall under the ADB prohibited list of activities given in Annexure 2.  In line with its objective under ESMS, ESSU at IREDA has conducted a REA (Rapid Environmental Assessment) using the REA checklist (attachment 3 of IREDA’s ESMS for solar energy projects) and environmental categorization (attachment 4 of ESMS) during loan appraisal process. The filled-in REA checklists along with the environmental categorization forms are given in Annexure 3.  As per the categorization carried out by IREDA in accordance with ESMS, the subprojects are placed under Category B, which requires an IEE or an equivalent to be prepared and impacts are addressed through mitigation measures in the form of site specific environmental management plan.  Although, the subprojects do not require/warrant an ESIA from the Government of India regulatory perspective, the developer has commissioned ESIA studies as part of its corporate governance framework as well as to comply with the requirements of IREDA. Copy of ESIA report for each unit (70MW) of the subprojects is included as Annexure 4.  The ESIA report prepared for the subprojects by the developer is too generic and does not adequately assess impacts of sub projects or recommend any site-specific mitigation plans except for recommending few generic mitigation measures and an ESMC (Environmental and Social Management Cell) for managing the impacts at subproject site. The ESIA report, also does not include any budgetary provisions for implementing mitigation measures or environmental management measures.

 During the safeguards due diligence site visit between 20-21st June 2017, the subprojects were already under construction with 75% of civil works and 50% of solar panel installations completed.  During the safeguards due diligence site visit, site in-charge for the subproject informed that the subproject(s) do not have site specific environmental management plan or any ESMC cell established at site. However, an officer was nominated as EHS in-charge, who is responsible for managing EHS related issues at site through the EPC contractor. The site in charge was not familiar with the requirements in SEIA report and/or ESMS requirements of projects funded by IREDA. However, developer informed that they conducted regular orientation/training to the employees regarding handling of safety equipment, electric shock, fire safety, snake bite handling and PPE management at sub project site but they could not share/show any on site documentation for these activities.

 As on the date of due diligence visit, the subproject developer was not following any documented environmental management plan/procedure for subproject sites. However, the developer was seen following some good practices like dust control through water sprinkling along vehicular movement areas within subproject site, not resorting to any major site clearance activity, reuse of excavated materials for re-grading and levelling of low lying areas within the subproject site, construction of small lined ponds at several locations within the site to collect rainwater runoff and using it for construction purposes (see site photographs Annexure 5), organized collection of waste generated due to the unpacking of solar panels for recycling, use of local labour for majority of civil works and

installation of solar panels among others, all of which amount to part of environmental management of any project construction activities  The site in charge also informed that the contractors do not have any cost provision for environment management at subproject sites either as a separate budget or in the form of costed provisions in the awarded EPC contracts but categorically mentioned that contractor is expected to carry out all instructions of the site in-charge within the subproject site, including environmental management, if any required.  The land for the subproject (346 acres for each unit of 70 MW capacity) was largely devoid of any large trees and vegetative cover and gently undulating covered with sandy soil. Photographs of subproject site are given in Annexure 5. The State Government of Rajasthan has allotted 4448 acres of land for development of Bhadla Solar Park Phase II to the Rajasthan Solar Park Development Agency, which is a nodal agency and re allocates land to various solar project developers as per the needs. The subproject developer is one among such several developers, who have been allotted land within the Bhadla Solar Park Phase II.  The sub project site is accessible through an all-weather bituminous road already constructed by state agencies along project periphery. The nearest State Highway (SH 40) is at a distance of 25kms, nearest National Highway (NH 15) is at a distance of 50kms, nearest railway station i.e Phalodi Railway Station is at a distance of 60 kms and nearest airport which is Indian Air Force Station is at a distance of 63 kms from project site.  There are no major humans settlement areas/villages, surrounding the subproject sites up to about 1 km.  The subprojects have no National Park or Wildlife Sanctuary or ecologically sensitive areas within a radius of 10 km.  The subproject sites are not reported to be falling along the migrant route of any threatened/protected wildlife. Occurrence of rare, threatened and/or endangered (both flora and fauna) species has not been reported in and around the subproject area/region.  No archeological or historical monuments, protected by Archeological Survey of India or from the State Government have been reported in and around the sub projects site as well as within a radius of 10 km. The subprojects construction did not impact any religious structures or worship places or places of importance/value to the local populace.  No perennial or seasonal natural rivers/streams flow within a region of 10 km radius surrounding the sub project sites.  As per the information provided by the developer, installation of solar panels for the subproject did not require significant earth work excavation/filling or major construction activities, except for marginal grading activities to even out and level the ground for installation of solar PV panels on prefabricated metallic frames. The terrain surrounding the subproject site largely confirm the statement made by the developer.  The subprojects are accessible through an all-weather road along the project periphery and did not require/involve construction of new haul roads for transportation of

construction materials. The limited site-specific impacts like dust, noise, disposal of construction waste, on site sanitation facilities for construction force, have been reported to be handled through site specific mitigation measures and good practices of the EPC contractor.  During visit, developer informed that they constructed two tube wells per subproject site for meeting the construction water demand, for being without any dependence on outside/local sources. However, the water quality was not suitable due to high levels of hardness and total dissolved solids and therefore these tube wells were not being used. Therefore, developer was left with no choice but to depend on external sources of water for construction purposes and has contracted water tanker operators, who source water from several existing tube wells, used for agricultural purposes in the nearby villages of solar park and supply water to project site as and when required basis. Since, the construction of subproject last would only for few months and require limited quality of water, this is not expected to severely impact the existing ground water resources of the area. Incidentally, the subproject is in Phalodi tehsil of Jodhpur district, which is in non- notified areas for ground water extraction. The developer has also constructed small lined ponds at several locations within the site to store rainwater runoff and using it for construction purposes (see Site Photographs Annexure 5).  The State Government through its Indira Gandhi Nahar Board has committed 58 cusecs of fresh water from the nearby Indira Gandhi canal to the meet the water demand of all solar projects coming up in Bhadla Solar Park II being developed over an area of 4448 acres of land by Rajasthan Solar Park Development Agency. The Solar Park Development Agency has installed a water treatment plant with pumping arrangements to supply fresh water to each allotted plots within the solar park.  Thus, both subprojects (2X70MW) being developed by RB1PL and RB2PL are assured of fresh water required for periodic cleaning of water during operation phase. However, to conserve water, developer has a plan to adopt wiping/mopping method for periodic cleaning of solar PV panels instead of hydrant and sprinkler network, which require comparatively more water. The developer will employ the local villagers for cleaning of panels.  Prior to the site visit, the subproject developer had not carried out and submitted any environmental monitoring progress report to IREDA as it was not a regulatory requirement. However, developer informed that they conduct regular orientation/training to the employees regarding handling of safety equipment, electric shock, fire safety, snake bite handling and PPE management at sub project site but could not share/show any on site documentation. Hence, during the site visit, the developer was informed to document and submit environmental management and EHS compliance reports to IREDA, as it is required in accordance with IREDA’s ESMS.

 In response, post safeguards due diligence site visit, the developer has carried out environmental monitoring including testing of parameters like ambient air quality, noise, water and soil quality parameters at subproject sites and submitted along with an EHS audit report. The environmental monitoring and EHS audit reports submitted by developer is given in Annexure 6 & 7.

 Among these, the ambient air quality test parameters and procedures submitted by developer are not in conformance with the present NAAQS, 2009. This clearly reflects the ignorance of the developer on the subject matter and most importantly, the testing/monitoring agency is at fault to report such superseded parameters i.e. reporting superseded SPM and RSPM parameters instead of currently in force parameters like

PM10 & PM2.5. The water quality results of tube wells within the subproject site show high levels of hardness and total dissolved solids, which makes it unfit for both construction and human consumption purposes and corroborate the earlier statement made by the developer during the due diligence site visit. The ambient noise levels are lower than the stipulated levels in both day and night times, attributable to large expanse of land with little or no industrial activity in and around subproject sites.

 One of the ways of avoiding/handling such inadequacies in environmental monitoring and reporting the test results could be bringing such matters to the attention of developer and organizing periodic orientation workshops on environmental management to sub project developers by ESSU, IREDA and also to undertake the site visits in the very early stages of construction and orient the site staff to conduct and document the EHS audits, which can be followed it up later on in subsequent periodic monitoring program. Some of the subproject specific templates included in the ESMS for the purpose could also be shared will be shared with the developer by ESSU, IREDA for better process management and documentation.

 The developer has confirmed that they had not received any complaints during construction phase till the day of safeguards due diligence site visit. On the contrary, the developer had provided local people with employment as well as petty/small contracts during construction phase like supplying of building materials, pouring of concrete for solar panel foundation structure, labor contracts for installation of solar panels, supplying of water for construction purposes through tankers among others. Further, developer also had informed that local people will be engaged even during the operation stage for periodic cleaning of solar panels, keeping watch and ward of the subproject as well as for skilled work like operation and maintenance of solar power installation.

 The sub project developer had not established any labour camps within the Bhadla solar park or within the subproject site. Local labor from nearby villages have been employed, who return to their residences after work hours. The skilled personnel/workforce and supervisory staff are provided with rented accommodation in nearby towns and urban centres like Phalodi and commute daily to sub project site. The requisite water and sanitation facilities for workforce has been adequately provided at subproject along with first aid and firefighting facilities.

 Factories Act, 1948 as well as Explosives Act 1884 (amended 2008), is not applicable to this subproject. However, Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 is applicable to ensure safety and welfare measures for workers employed at building and other construction sites. The subproject is covered under ‘other construction’ category.  The developer has reported that there had been no incidence of injuries, which required hospitalization of workforce during construction phase, till the site visit for safeguards

due diligence was undertaken. All the workforce (more particularly supervisory staff) have been oriented and briefed to report all incidents, however minor it is and /or even injuries, which can be handled through first aid at site.  The workforce (labour) were hired through licensed labour contractors and all the labour force was covered with requisite insurance cover.  The developer has informed that the subprojects maintain the telephone number of hospitals, police and district administration and other government departments, in case of any emergency. A multi-purpose transport vehicle will be stationed at subproject site during operation phase.  The subprojects are subjected to Indian Electricity Regulations and has to confirm with respect to both safety and technical requirements, as part of testing and commissioning of subproject.  The developer has informed that there has been no damage of any panels (physical damage or out of service). If there is any damage, the same will be replaced by the panel supplier/manufacturer. All the panels carry a replacement warranty for 25 years (excluding physical damage). In case of any panel gets damaged, the matter will be reported to the manufacture/supplier, who will come to site with replacement and take away the damaged panel.  The developer has informed that power purchase agreement with NTPC and State Government has been signed for 25-year term and therefore sub projects will remain operational for a minimum of 25 years from COD. The loan term with IREDA will be a for a maximum period of 15 years only.  The subproject does not envisage storage of solar power generated for connecting to grid during evening or off sunshine/night hours. However, the subproject will require power back up arrangement for captive consumption (like yard and office lighting during evening and/or night hours), which will require back up system through batteries. Thus, the subproject come under the purview of The Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001 and as amended. Under these rules, the subproject developer is mandatorily required to deposit used batteries with the battery dealer or can dispose (auction off) off the batteries with the authorized/registered recyclers. The Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001 as amended is provided in Annexure 8.  At present, the developer has no plans in place for decommissioning but has informed that as a corporate entity they are committed to comply with all regulatory requirements as and when the decommissioning will be scheduled. Similarly, the developer, at present does not have any plans in place for the subsequent use of the land after decommissioning of subproject and/ or expiration of power purchase agreement.

G. Corrective Action Plans Required 27. The safeguards due diligence of the Bhadla 1 and 2 subprojects has indicated the requirement of following corrective actions in order to be fully compliant with IREDA’s ESMS

 The Bhadla subproject developer will be familiarized with ESMS requirements of IREDA funded projects and enable the developer to conduct and document the EMP for the

operation phases. Some of the subproject specific templates of ESMS for EMP monitoring and reporting should be shared with the developer by ESSU, IREDA.  IREDA will ensure that the developer submit a site specific environmental management plan(s) for the upcoming operation phase of subprojects along with an institutional arrangement for implementation of EMP, supported with adequate budgetary provisions. The developer will be advised to conduct testing of parameters in accordance with NAAQS, 2009, whenever deemed necessary.  ESSU, IREDA will undertake a periodic monitoring of EMP implementation during operation phase.  The above corrective actions by IREDA at this stage will enable the subproject to be in compliance to IREDA’s ESMS for the operation phase H. Conclusion and Recommendations 28. The conclusions of the environmental and safeguards due diligence of the subproject are:

 The subproject(s) have been prepared by the developers as per their own investment plan supplemented by IREDA’s loan assistance but are unaware of source of funding to subproject by IREDA through ADB’s LoC.  The subproject developer and site in-charge for subproject construction was not familiar compliance requirement of the subproject to ESMS of the IREDA  Although, the ESIA prepared for this subproject did not have a site specific EMP, some of the good practices being followed at site by the developer has enabled the subproject not to leave any significant residual impacts, although much of it can be attributed to the type of subproject and its siting within Bhadla Solar Park, which is devoid of any sensitive environmental or social issue.  IREDA, has confirmed to monitor subproject’s compliance to its ESMS through developer’s periodic progress reports and undertake periodical due diligence visits to subproject site(s) for balance phase of construction as well as during operation phase of subproject.  IREDA has further confirmed to implement the suggested corrective action plan as per this safeguard due diligence and submit its compliance to ADB in the upcoming annual report.  Thus, the construction and operation of the Bhadla 1 and Bhadla 2 (70 MW each) solar power projects have not impacted significantly on environmental attributes and site- specific impacts have been contained by good practices of the subproject developer and no long term impacts due to subproject construction could be seen during the due diligence site visit.  The subproject has therefore been considered to be in compliance with IREDA’s ESMS for ADB Line of Credit.  The subprojects, therefore do not pose reputational risk on environmental safeguards to ADB, incase considered for ADB funding through LoC to IREDA under the Clean Energy Investment Program.

ESDD Report Prepared by HARI PRAKASH TA 8937 IND – Capacity Building of the IREDA - Environmental Safeguards Consultant ANNEXURE 1 The notification of CPCB & Rajasthan Pollution Control Board Press Information Bureau Government of India Ministry of Environment and Forests 05‐March‐2016 14:13 IST Environment Ministry releases new categorisation of industries

‘Re‐Categorisation of Industries a landmark decision, new category of white industries will not require environmental clearance’: Javadekar

The Government today released a new categorization of industries based on their pollution load. Releasing the new categorization here today, Minister of State (Independent Charge) of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Shri Prakash Javadekar, said, “The new category of White industries which is practically non-polluting will not require Environmental Clearance (EC) and Consent and will help in getting finance from lending institutions. The exercise of Re-categorization was being carried out for last one year. This is a landmark decision to give a fair picture of the industries”. “Re-categorization of industries based on their pollution load is a scientific exercise. The old system of categorization was creating problems for many industries and was not reflecting the pollution of the industries. The new categories will remove this lacuna and will give clear picture to everyone. 25 industrial sectors which were not critically polluting were also earlier categorized as Red. This was creating wrong impression to everyone”, Shri Javadekar added. The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) has developed the criteria of categorization of industrial sectors based on the Pollution Index which is a function of the emissions (air pollutants), effluents (water pollutants), hazardous wastes generated and consumption of resources. For this purpose the references are taken from the the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Cess (Amendment) Act, 2003, Standards so far prescribed for various pollutants under Environment (Protection) Act , 1986 and Doon Valley Notification, 1989 issued by MoEFCC. The Pollution Index PI of any industrial sector is a number from 0 to 100 and the increasing value of PI denotes the increasing degree of pollution load from the industrial sector. Based on the series of brain storming sessions among CPCB, SPCBs and MoEFCC , the following criteria on ‘Range of Pollution Index ‘for the purpose of categorization of industrial sectors is finalized.

o Industrial Sectors having Pollution Index score of 60 and above - Red category o Industrial Sectors having Pollution Index score of 41 to 59 – Orange category o Industrial Sectors having Pollution Index score of 21 to 40 – Green category o Industrial Sectors having Pollution Index score incl.&upto 20 - White category

The salient features of the ‘Re-categorization’ exercise are as follows:  Due importance has been given to relative pollution potential of the industrial sectors based on scientific criteria. Further, wherever possible, splitting of the industrial sectors is also considered based on the use of raw materials, manufacturing process adopted and in-turn pollutants expected to be generated.  The Red category of industrial sectors would be 60.  The Orange category of industrial sectors would be 83.  The Green category of industrial sectors would be 63.  Newly-introduced White category contains 36 industrial sectors which are practically non-polluting.  There shall be no necessity of obtaining the Consent to Operate’’ for White category of industries. An intimation to concerned SPCB / PCC shall suffice.  No Red category of industries shall normally be permitted in the ecologically fragile area / protected area. The details of the industries falling under Red, Orange , Green and White categories are presented in tables 1, 2, 3& 4 respectively (given below). The newly introduced White category of industries pertains to those industrial sectors which are practically non-polluting, such as Biscuit trays etc. from rolled PVC sheet (using automatic vacuum forming machines), Cotton and woolen hosiers making (Dry process only without any dying/washing operation), Electric lamp (bulb) and CFL manufacturing by assembling only, Scientific and mathematical instrument manufacturing, Solar power generation through photovoltaic cell, wind power and mini hydel power (less than 25 MW). The purpose of the categorization is to ensure that the industry is established in a manner which is consistent with the environmental objectives. The new criteria will prompt industrial sectors willing to adopt cleaner technologies, ultimately resulting in generation of fewer pollutants. Another feature of the new categorization system lies in facilitating self- assessment by industries as the subjectivity of earlier assessment has been eliminated. This ‘Re-categorization’ is a part of the efforts, policies and objective of present government to create a clean & transparent working environment in the country and promote the Ease of Doing Business. Other similar efforts include installation of Continuous Online Emissions/ Effluent Monitoring Systems in the polluting industries, Revisiting the CEPI (Comprehensive Environment Pollution Index) concept for assessment of polluted industrial clusters, revision of existing industrial emission/effluent discharge standards, initiation of special drive on pollution control activities in Ganga River basin and many more in the coming days.

Annexure

Table 1 : List of Red Category of Industries

Sl Industry Sector Sl No. Industry Sector No. 1 Isolated storage of hazardous chemicals 39 Yarn / Textile processing 2 Automobile Manufacturing (integrated) 40 Chlor Alkali 3 Hazardous waste recycling (Spent cleared metal catalyst ) 41 Ship Breaking 4 Lubricating oils and grease mfg. 42 Oil and gas extraction 5 DG Set (> 5 MVA) 43 Metal surface treatment 6 Carbon black & allied 44 Tanneries 7 Lead acid battery 45 Ports /harbor/jetties 8 Phosphate rock processing 46 Synthetic fibers 9 Power generation plant 47 Thermal Power Plants 10 Hazardous Waste Recyclers (Spent catalyst) 48 Slaughter house 11 Chlorinated hydrocarbons 49 Aluminium Smelter 12 Sugar 50 Copper Smelter 13 Fibre glass production 51 Fertilizer (basic) 14 Fire crackers 52 Integrated Iron & Steel 15 E-Waste Recyclers 53 Pulp & Paper ( bleaching) 15 Milk and dairy products 54 Zinc Smelter 17 Phosphorous 55 Oil Refinery 18 Pulp & Paper 56 Petrochemicals 19 Coke making 57 Pharmaceuticals 20 Explosives / detonators 58 Pulp & Paper ( Large-Agro + wood), 21 Paints varnishes, pigments 59 Distillery 22 Organic Chemicals 60 Railway locomotive work shop/ service centers 23 Airports and Commercial Air Strips 24 Asbestos 25 Basic chemicals 26 Cement 27 Chlorates, per-chlorates & peroxides 28 Chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine 29 Dyes and Dye- Intermediates 30 Health-care Establishment 31 Hotels (Big) 32 Lead acid battery -recyclers 33 Waste electrical and electronic recyclers 34 Glue and gelatin 35 Mining and ore beneficiation 36 Nuclear power plant 37 Pesticides 38 Photographic film /chemicals

Table 2 : LIst of Orange Category of Industries

Sl. No. Industry Sector Sl. No. Industry Sector 1 Almirah, Grill Manufacturing 43 Large Cotton spinning and weaving 2 Aluminium & copper extraction from scrap 44 Lime manufacturing (using lime kiln) 3 Automobile servicing, repairing 45 Liquid floor cleaner, black phenyl 4 Ayurvedic and homeopathic medicine 46 Manufacturing of glass 5 Brickfields 47 Manufacturing of mirror from sheet glass 6 Building and construction >20,000 sq. m 48 Manufacturing of mosquito repellent coil 7 Cashew nut processing 49 Manufacturing of Starch/Sago 8 Ceramics and Refractories 50 Mechanized laundry using oil fired boiler 9 Chanachur and ladoo using husk fired oven 51 Medium scale Hotels 10 Coal washeries 52 Modular wooden furniture 11 Coated electrode 53 New highway construction project 12 Coffee seed processing 54 Non-alcoholic beverages(soft drink) 13 Compact disc computer floppy 55 Paint blending and mixing (Ball mill) 14 Copper waste recyclers 56 Paints and varnishes (mixing and blending) 15 Dairy and dairy products ( small scale) 57 Parboiled Rice Mills 16 DG set ( >1MVA but < 5MVA) 58 Pharmaceutical formulation 17 Dismantling of rolling stocks 59 Ply-board manufacturing 18 Dry cell battery 60 Potable alcohol ( IMFL) by blending 19 Dry coal / mineral processing 61 Printing ink manufacturing 20 Fermentation (Extra Neutral Alcohol) 62 Printing or etching of glass sheet 21 Ferrous and Non- ferrous metal extraction 63 Printing press 22 Fertilizer (granulation / formulation / blending 64 Producer gas plant 23 Fish feed, poultry feed and cattle feed 65 Recyclers - used oils 24 Fish processing and packing 66 REcyclers - waste oils 25 Flakes from rejected PET bottle 67 Recycling - Paint and ink Sludge 26 Foam manufacturing 68 Reprocessing of waste plastic /PVC 27 Food and food processing 69 Rolling mill (oil or coal fired) 28 Forging of ferrous and non- ferrous 70 Silica gel 29 Formulation/pelletization of camphor tablets etc. 71 Silk /saree screen printing 30 Glass ceramics, earthen potteries and tile 72 Spray painting 31 Gravure printing, digital printing on flex, v 73 Steel and steel products with furnaces 32 Heat treatment using oil fired furnace 74 Stone crushers 33 Hot mix plants 75 Surgical and medical products (latex) 34 Ice cream 76 Synthetic detergents and soaps 35 Industry or processes involving foundry operations 77 Synthetic resins 36 Iodized salt from crude/ raw salt 78 Synthetic rubber excluding molding 37 Jute processing without dyeing 79 Tephlon based products 38 large Bakery and confectionery 80 Thermocol manufacturing ( with boiler) 39 Transformer repairing/ manufacturing 81 Thermometer 40 Tyres and tubes vulcanization/ hot retread 82 Tobacco products including cigarettes 41 Vegetable oil manufacturing 83 Tooth powder, toothpaste, talcum powder 42 Wire drawing and wire netting

Table 3 : List of Green category of Industries

Sl. Industry Sector Sl. Industry Sector No. No.

1 Aluminium utensils 36 Ready mix cement concrete 2 Ayurvedic medicines 37 Reprocessing of waste cotton 3 Small Bakery /confectionery 38 Rice mill (Rice hullers only) 4 PP film 39 Rolling mill ( gas fired) and cold rolling mill 5 Biomass briquettes 40 Rubber goods (gas operated baby boiler) 6 Melamine resins 41 Saw mills 7 Brass and bell metal utensils 42 Soap manufacturing 8 Candy 43 Spice Blending 9 Cardboard / corrugated box 44 Spice grinding 10 Carpentry & wooden furniture 45 Steel furniture 11 Cement products 46 Grains processing 12 Ceramic colour by mixing 47 Tyres /tube retreating 13 Chilling plant and ice making 48 Chilling /ice plant 14 Coke briquetting 49 CO2 recovery 15 Small Cotton spinning and weaving 50 Distilled water 16 Dal Mills 51 Small Hotels 17 Decoration of ceramic cups 52 Optical lenses 18 Digital printing on PVC clothes 53 Mineralized water 19 Handling, storage of food grains 54 Tamarind powder 20 Flour mills 55 Marble stone 21 Electrical Glass , ceramic, earthen potteries 56 Emery powder 22 Glue from starch 57 Flyash export 23 Gold and silver smithy 58 Mineral stack yard 24 Non-polluting Heat treatment 59 Oil and gas transportation pipeline 25 Insulation /coated papers 60 Seasoning of wood 26 Leather foot wear /products 61 Synthetic detergent 27 Blending of Lubricating oil, greases 62 Tea processing 28 Pasted veneers 63 Pulverization of bamboo 29 Oil mill Ghani 30 Packing materials 31 Phenyl/toilet cleaner 32 Polythene and plastic products 33 Poultry, Hatchery and Piggery 34 Power looms (without dye and bleaching) 35 Puffed rice (muri) (gas or electrical heating)

Table 4 : List of White category of Industries

Sl. No. Industry Sector 1. Air coolers /conditioners 2. Bicycles ,baby carriages 3. Bailing of waste papers 4. Bio fertilizer /bio-pesticides 5. Biscuits trays 6. Blending / packing of tea 7. Block making of printing 8. Chalk making 9. Compressed oxygen gas 10. Cotton and woolen hosiers 11. Diesel pump repairing 12. Electric lamp ( bulb) and CFL 13. Electrical and electronic item 14. Engineering and fabrication units 15. Flavoured betel nuts 16. Fly ash bricks/ block 17. Fountain pen 18. Glass ampules 19. Glass putty and sealant 20. Ground nut decorticating 21. Handloom/ carpet weaving 22. Leather cutting and stitching 23. Coir items from coconut husks 24. Metal caps containers etc 25. Shoe brush and wire brush 26. Medical oxygen 27. Organic and inorganic nutrients 28. Organic manure 29. Packing of powdered milk 30. Paper pins and u clips 31. Repairing of electric motors /generators 32. Rope (plastic and cotton) 33. Scientific and mathematical instrument 34. Solar module non-conventional energy apparatus 35. Solar power generation through solar photovoltaic cell, wind power and mini hydel power (less than 25 MW) 36. Surgical and medical products assembling

Final Document on Revised Classification of Industrial Sectors Under

Red, Orange, Green and White Categories (February 29, 2016)

Central Pollution Control Board Delhi

Executive Summary

Categorization of Industrial Sectors under Red, Orange, Green and White Category

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) had brought out notifications in 1989, with the purpose of prohibition/ restriction of operations of certain industries to protect ecologically sensitive Doon Valley. The notification introduced the concept of categorization of industries as ” Red”, “Orange “and “Green” with the purpose of facilitating decisions related to location of these industries. Subsequently, the application of this concept was extended in other parts of the country not only for the purpose of location of industries, but also for the purpose of Consent management and formulation of norms related to surveillance / inspection of industries.

The concept of categorization of industries continued to evolve and as different State Pollution Control Boards interpreted it differently, a need arose to bring about necessary uniformity in its application across the country. In order to harmonize the ‘Criteria of categorization’, Directions were issued by CPCB under Section 18(1)(b) of the Water ( Prevention & Control of Pollution) , Act, 1974 to all SPCBs/PCCs to maintain uniformity in categorization of industries as red, green and orange as per list finalized by CPCB, which identified 85 types of industrial sectors as ‘Red’, 73 industrial sectors as ‘Orange’ and 86 sectors as ‘Green’.

The process of categorization thus far was primarily based on the size of the industries and consumption of resources. The pollution due to discharge of emissions & effluents and its likely impact on health was not considered as primary criteria. There was demand from the SPCBs / PCCs and industrial associations for categorization of the industrial sectors in a more transparent manner. Accordingly, the issue was discussed thoroughly during the national level conference of the Environment Ministers of the States, held in New Delhi during April 06-07, 2015 and a ‘Working Group’ comprising of the members from CPCB, APPCB, TNPCB, WBPCB, PPCB, MPPCB and Maharashtra PCB is constituted to revisit the criteria of categorization of industries and recommend measures for making the system transparent and rational.

The Working Group has developed the criteria of categorization of industrial sectors based on the Pollution Index which is a function of the emissions (air pollutants), effluents (water pollutants), hazardous wastes generated and consumption of resources. For this purpose the references are taken from the the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Cess (Amendment) Act, 2003, Standards so far prescribed for various pollutants under Environment (Protection) Act , 1986 and Doon Valley Notification, 1989 issued by MoEFCC. The Pollution Index PI of any industrial sector is a number from 0 to 100 and the increasing value of PI denotes the increasing degree of pollution load from the industrial sector. Based on the series of brain storming sessions among CPCB, SPCBs and MoEFCC , the following criteria on ‘Range of Pollution Index ‘for the purpose of categorization of industrial sectors is finalized.

o Industrial Sectors having Pollution Index score of 60 and above – Red category o Industrial Sectors having Pollution Index score of 41 to 59 –Orange category o Industrial Sectors having Pollution Index score of 21 to 40 –Green category o Industrial Sectors having Pollution Index score incl.&upto 20 -White category

The newly introduced White category of industries pertains to those industrial sectors which are practically non-polluting such as Biscuit trays etc. from rolled PVC sheet (using automatic vacuum forming machines), Cotton and woolen hosiers making (Dry process only without any dying/washing operation), Electric lamp (bulb) and CFL manufacturing by assembling only, Scientific and mathematical instrument manufacturing, Solar power generation through photovoltaic cell, wind power and mini hydel power (less than 25 MW).

The salient features of the ‘Re-categorization’ Exercise are as follows :

 Due importance has been given to relative pollution potential of the industrial sectors based on scientific criteria . Further, wherever possible, splitting of the industrial sectors is also considered based on the use of raw materials, manufacturing process adopted and in- turn pollutants expected to be generated.  The Red category of industrial sectors would be 60.  The Orange category of industrial sectors would be 83.  The Green category of industrial sectors would be 63.  Newly introduced White category contains 36 industrial sectors which are practically non- polluting.  There shall be no necessity of obtaining the Consent to Operate’’ for White category of industries. An intimation to concerned SPCB / PCC shall suffice.  No Red category of industries shall normally be permitted in the ecologically fragile area / protected area.

The purpose of categorization is to ensure that the industry is established in a manner which is consistent with the environmental objectives. The new criteria will prompt industrial sectors willing to adopt cleaner technologies, ultimately resulting in generation of fewer pollutants. Another feature of the new categorization system lies in facilitating self-assessment by industries as the subjectivity of earlier assessment has been eliminated. This ‘Re-categorization’ is a part of the efforts, policies and objective of present government to create a clean & transparent working environment in the country and promote the Ease of Doing Business.

Other similar efforts include installation of Continuous Online Emissions/ Effluent Monitoring Systems in the polluting industries, Revisiting of the CEPI (Comprehensive Environment Pollution Index) concept for assessment of polluted industrial clusters, Revision of existing industrial Emission/Effluent discharge standards, initiation of special drive on pollution control activities in Ganga River basin and many more in coming future.

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Revised Criteria of Categorization of Industries

“Securing industrial pollution control in accordance with the Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 by linking with categorization of industries, consent management and vigilance – ‘In context of Red, Orange, Green and White categories of industries”

A: Genesis of Categorization:

 The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) had brought out notifications, which inter-alia refers to Prohibition/ Restriction on operation of industries to protect ecologically sensitive areas or areas of specific importance. This has for the first time brought the concept of categorization of industries to” Red”, “Orange “and “Green” and restrict their operation in certain areas of importance. Therefore, it is at-once interpreted that Red, Orange and Green categorization is linked with location specific needs.  The notification of MoEF was first brought on 2nd February,1989 in case of “Restriction on location of industries, mining operations and other developmental activities in Doon Valley in “Uttarakhand” and thereafter another notification on 24th February 1999 regarding restriction on the setting up of industries in Dahanu Taluka in Maharashtra. The categorization had been made mainly on the basis of size of the industries, man power and consumption of resources.  However, in other parts of the country, there have been variations in context to the classification of industries under Red, Orange and Green categories. SPCBs / PCCs were following their own criteria in different States thereby creating confusion.  In order to harmonize the ‘Criteria of categorization’, a ‘Working Group’ was formed as per resolution passed during the 57th Conference of the Chairmen & Member Secretaries of CPCB and SPCBs. Based on the recommendations of the Working Group, Directions dated 4/6/2012 under Section 18(1)(b) of the Water

( Prevention & Control of Pollution) , Act, 1974 were issued to all SPCBs/PCCs with the effects to maintain uniformity in categorization of industries as red, green and orange as per list finalized by the Working Group. This indicative list included 85 types of industrial sectors as ‘Red’, 73 industrial sectors as ‘Orange’ and 86 sectors as ‘Green’. However, these identified categories have not been assigned with scores as per existing criteria/ or any new criteria

B: Categorization criteria used by SPCBs/PCCs:

SPCBs and PCCs use the criteria of Red, Orange and Green categories for consent management and vigilance purposes for carrying out inspections to verify compliance to the stipulated standards. However the above categorization do not emphasize on sector-specific plan for control of pollution in accordance with priority based on pollution index.

C: Gap in the process:

1. The categorization has been made mainly on the basis of size of the industries and consumption of resources. The pollution due to discharge of emissions & effluents and its impact on health was not considered as primary criteria. 2. Categorization was on random basis, no scoring system was adopted.

D: Resolutions made during National Level Conferences

The issue was discussed thoroughly during the following national level conferences held in New Delhi:

 Conference of the Environment Ministers of Central Government and State Governments during April 06-07, 2015

 59th Conference of Chairmen & Member Secretaries of Pollution Control Boards / Pollution Control Committees held on April 08, 2015

Accordingly following resolutions were made during the Conferences:

1. A ‘Working Group’ comprising of the members from CPCB, APPCB, TNPCB, WBPCB, PPCB, MPPCB and Maharashtra PCB is constituted. 2. This WG shall revisit the categorization of industries that is based on pollution index criteria & environmental issues such as generation of emission, effluent and hazardous wastes. 3. The categorization will be done on the basis of composite score (0-100 marks) of Pollution Index given in accordance with the following weightage.

Air Pollution Score based on parameters namely PM, CO, NOx, SOx, 40 Marks HMs , Benzene, Ammonia and other toxic parameters relevant to the industry. Water Pollution Score based on parameters namely pH, TSS, NH3-N, 40 Marks BOD, Phenol and other toxic pollutants relevant to the industry. Hazardous wastes ( land fillable, incinerable, recyclable) as generated 20 Marks by the industry. Note :  Parameters to be decided on the basis of the nature of the wastes generating from the industrial sector.  Industries having only either water pollution or air pollution, the score will be normalized wrt 100.

4. Based on the score of the Pollution Index, following categorization be made : o Type of industries, if scores 60 and above be categorized as Red o Type of industries, if scores from 30 to 59 be categorized as Orange o Type of industries, if scores from 15 to 29 be categorized as Green o Type of industries, if less than 15 be categorized as White or non-polluting industry. 5. SPCBs/PCCs may issue consent to the industries - Red category of industries for 5 years. - Orange category of industries for 10 years. - Green category of industries for 15 years. - No necessity of consent for non-polluting industries. 6. No red categories of industries will be permitted to establish in eco-sensitive areas and protected areas.

E: Follow-up Actions made on the Resolutions :-

 Accordingly, a Committee comprising the Chairmen of CPCB, APPCB, TNPCB, MPPCB, MPCB, PPCB, WBPCB and MS, CPCB was constituted vide CPCB OM dated

23.04.2015 to review & classify industrial sectors into different categories based on criteria of respective pollution potential.

 The categorization is made on the basis of following: o Quality of emissions (air pollutants) generated o Quality of effluents ( water pollutants) generated o Types of hazardous wastes generated o Consumption of resources

 Reference is taken from the following : o The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Cess Act, 1977 o Standards so far prescribed for various pollutants under the Environment (Protection) Act , 1986 o Doon Valley Notification, 1989 issued by MoEF.

F : Scoring Methodology :

The details on the scoring methodology in respect of the aforesaid 3 components is presented in the following tables F-1 to F-4 .

Table F-1 : Water Pollution Scoring Methodology

Sl. No. Activity / Types of Discharges Score Part A : Score W1 : Score based on types of expected criteria water-pollutants present in industrial processes waste waters. Maximum of the following seven categories is to be taken. W11 Waste-water which is polluted and the pollutants are - 30  not easily biodegradable ( very high strength waste waters having BOD > 5000 mg/l ); or  toxic; or  both toxic and not easily biodegradable. (Presence of criteria water pollutants having prescribed standard limits up-to 10 mg/l or having BOD > 5000 mg/l). For details appendix 1 may be referred) W12 Non-toxic high strength polluted waste-water having BOD in the range of 25 1000-5000 mg/l and the pollutants are biodegradable.

(Presence of criteria water pollutants having prescribed standard limits from 11 mg/l to 250 mg/l and having BOD strength in the range of 1000-5000 mg/l) . For details appendix 1 may be referred) W13 Non toxic- polluted waste-water having BOD below 1000 mg/l and the 20 pollutants are easily biodegradable. (Presence of criteria water pollutants having prescribed standard limits from 11mg/l to 250 mg/l and having BOD strength below 1000 mg/l) . For details appendix 1 may be referred) W14 Waste-water generated from the chemical processes and which is polluted 15 due to presence of high TDS ( total dissolved solids) of inorganic nature. (Presence of criteria water pollutants having prescribed standard limits more than 250 mg/l. For details appendix 1 may be referred) W15 Waste-water generated from the physical unit operations / processes and 12 which is polluted due to presence of TDS (total dissolved solids) of inorganic nature and of natural origin like fresh-water RO rejects, boiler blow-downs, brine solution rejects etc. (Presence of criteria water pollutants having prescribed standard limits more than 250 mg/l. For details appendix 1 may be referred) W16 Non-toxic polluted waste-water from those units which are: 12  Having the overall waste-water generation less than 10 KLD and  The pollutants are easily bio-degradable having BOD below 200 mg/l which can be easily treated in a single stage ASP (activated

sludge process) based Effluent Treatment Plant. Note : This is a special category and is applicable to only those units having over-all liquid waste generation less than 10 KLD with low strength organic load. W17 Waste-water from cooling towers and cooling-re-circulation processes 10 Part B : Score W2 : Score based on huge discharges of any kind (Penalty Clause) W2 Industry having overall liquid waste generation of 100 KLD or more 10 including industrial & domestic waste-water. Overall Water Pollution Score W = W1+W2

Appendix 1

• Water Pollutants covered under Group W11:

 Free available Chlorine , Total residual chlorine, Fluoride (as F), Sulphide (as S), Free Ammonical Nitrogen, Dissolved phosphates (as P), Free ammonia (as NH3), Nitrate Nitrogen, Mercury (As Hg), Selenium (as Se), Hexa-valent chromium (as Cr + 6), Lead (as Pb), Tin , Vanadium (as V), Cadmium (as Cd), Manganese (as Mn), Total chromium (as Cr), Copper (as Cu), Iron (as Fe), Nickel (as Ni), Zinc (as Zn), Benzene, Arsenic (as As), Benzo-a-pyrene, Cyanide (as CN),

Phenolic compounds (as C6H5OH) , Adsorbable Organic Halogens (AOX), Boron and /or  BOD strength of waste water > 5000 mg/l

• Water Pollutants covered under Group W12:

 Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) , Biochemical oxygen demand (3 days at 27oC), Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), Ammonical nitrogen (as N), Suspended solids, Total nitrogen (as N), Chemical oxygen demand, Oils & grease and  BOD strength of waste water is in the range of 1000-5000 mg/l

• Water Pollutants covered under Group W13:

 Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), Biochemical oxygen demand (3 days at 27oC), Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), Ammonical nitrogen (as N), Suspended solids, Total nitrogen (as N), Chemical oxygen demand and  BOD strength of waste water is below 1000 mg/l

• Water Pollutants covered under Group W14 and W15:

Chlorides as Cl, Colour , Total dissolved solids (TDS - Inorganic)

• Water Pollutants covered under Group W16

 BOD strength of waste water is below 200 mg/l and overall discharge is less than 10 KLD.

Table F-2 : Air Pollution Score

Sl. Air ‘Range of Prescribed Standard ’ of criteria pollutants Marks No. Pollutants Group Part 1 : Score A1 = Score based on types of expected criteria Air Pollutants present in the emissions . Maximum of the following seven categories is to be taken. For details appendix 2 may be referred. 1 Group A1A Presence of criteria air pollutants having prescribed standard limits up - 30 to 2 mg/Nm3 2 Group A1B Presence of criteria air pollutants having prescribed standard from 3 25 to10 mg/Nm3 3 Group A1C Presence of criteria air pollutants having prescribed standard from 11 to 20 50 mg/Nm3 4 Group A1D Presence of criteria air pollutants having prescribed standard from 51 to 15 250 mg/Nm3 5 Group A1E Presence of criteria air pollutants having prescribed standard from 10 251mg/Nm3 & above. 6 Group A1F  Generation of fugitive emissions of Particulate Matters which are: 10 o Not generated as a result of combustion of any kind of fossil-fuel. o Generated due to handling / processing of materials without involving the use of any kind of chemicals. o Which can be easily contained /controlled with simple conventional methods 7 Group A1G  Generation of Odours which are : 10 o Generated due to application of binding gums / cements /adhesives /enamels o Which can be easily contained /controlled with simple conventional methods Part 2 : Score A2 = Score based on consumption of fuels and technologies required for air pollution control :

6 Group A2F1  All such industries in which the daily consumption of coal/fuel 10 is more than 24 MT/day and the particular (Particulate/gaseous/process) emissions from which can be controlled only with high level equipments / technology like ESPs, Bag House Filters, High Efficiency chemical wet scrubbers etc. 7 Group A2F2  All such industries in which the daily consumption of coal/fuel 5 is from 12 MT/day to 24 MT/day and the particular (Particulate/gaseous/process) emissions from which can be controlled with suitable proven technology.

Overall Air Pollution Score –A = A1 + A2

Appendix 2

• Air pollutants covered under Group A1A: Cd+Th, Dioxins & Furans, Mercury, Asbestos

• Air Pollutants covered under Group A1B: HF, Nickel+ Vanadium, HBr, Manganese, Lead, H2S, P2O5 as H3PO4

• Air Pollutants covered under Group A1C: Chlorine, Pesticide compounds, CH3Cl, TOC, Total Fluoride, Hydrocarbons, NH3, HCL vapour & Mist, H2SO4 Mist, SO2

• Air Pollutants covered under Group A1D: CO, PM, CO, NOx

• Air Pollutants covered under Group A1E:

NOx with liquid-fuel, SO2 with liquid-fuel

Table F-3: Hazardous Waste Generation Score

Sl.No. Types of Hazardous Waste Generated as per Schedule 1 / Score Schedule 2 of Hazardous Waste ( Management, Handling & Trans-boundary Movement) Rules , 2008 . Maximum of the following four categories is to be taken HW1  Land disposable HW which require special care & 20 treatment for stabilization before disposal. HW2  Incinerable HW 15 HW3  Land disposable HW which doesn’t require treatment & 10 stabilization before disposal.  High volume low effect wastes such as fly-ash, phspho- gypsum, red-mud, slags from pyro-metallurgical operations, mine tailings and ore beneficiation rejects) HW4  Recyclable HW, which are easily recyclable with proven 10 technologies.

Table F-4 : Calculation Sheet Industrial Sector - ...... 1. Water Pollution Score (W) Scores Waste Water Category Value Score on W1 Score on W2 Water Pollution Score = W1+W2 2. Air Pollution Score (A) Scores Air Pollutant Category Value Score on A1 Score on A2 - - Air Pollution Score = A1+A2 3. Hazardous Waste Score (HW) Score HW Category Value HW Grand Total = W + A + HW Note :

1. Any of the industrial sector having only either air pollution (A) or water pollution (W) , the score will be normalized to 100 as per the following formula –

Normalized Score = {100 x W ( or A)} / 40

2. Any of the industrial sector having air pollution (A) and water pollution (W) both but no hazardous waste generation (H) , the joint score of air & water pollution will be normalized to 100 as per the following formula –

Normalized Score = {100 x (W+A)} / 80

3. Any of the industrial sector having air pollution (A) & hazardous waste generation (H) but no water pollution (W), the joint score of air pollution & hazardous waste generation will be normalized to 100 as per the following formula –

Normalized Score = {100 x (A+H)} / 60

4. Any of the industrial sector having water pollution (W) and hazardous waste generation (H) but no air pollution (A), the joint score of water pollution & hazardous waste generation will be normalized to 100 as per the following formula –

Normalized Score = {100 x (W+H)} / 60

G : Developments :

i. The existing Red ( 85 sectors) , Orange ( 73 sectors) and Green ( 86 sectors) i.e a total of 244 industrial sectors have been assessed as per the proposed formula by the Working Group. For this purpose, concerned Engineers / Scientists from the Member SPCBs were also involved & consulted during May 28-29, 2015. ii. After careful examination and consideration of the suggestions of concerned stake-holders the “Draft Document on Revised Concept of Categorization of Industrial Sectors “ was prepared by the Committee and circulated to all the SPCBs, PCCs and concerned Ministries for their information & comments. The ‘ Draft Document ’ was uploaded on the website of CPCB also for information & comments of one & all. iii. The matter was discussed during the 170th Board Meeting also and issues raised by the Board Members pertaining to some of the industrial sectors were clarified. iv. Responses were received from various concerned Ministries, SPCBs, Industrial Associations including individuals. v. Based on the above, final meeting was convened by the Secretary , MoEFCC with CPCB and senior officers of MoEFCC on January 06, 2016 to resolve the issues appropriately and finalize the ‘Re-categorization’. Accordingly , following modifications in the ‘Range of Pollution Index ‘for the purpose of categorization of industrial sectors were suggested :

 Industrial Sectors having Pollution Index score of 60 and above – Red category  Industrial Sectors having Pollution Index score of 41 to 59 –Orange category  Industrial Sectors having Pollution Index score of 21 to 40 –Green category  Industrial Sectors having Pollution Index score incl.& upto 20 –White category vi. Based on the final criteria as described in v above , the final categorization is as follows :

Category of Existing Categorization Proposed (New) Industrial Sector categorization Red 85 60 Orange 73 83 Green 86 63 White --- 36 Total 244 242

vii. In the proposed categorization, some of the industrial sectors have been either deleted due to duplication or merged with similar type of sectors on account of same 15

characteristics of pollution generation. In a similar way, some of the industrial sectors are split into more sectors on account of variation in the raw materials / manufacturing process. As a result final totals of the existing and proposed categorization are different. viii. The industrial sector which doesn’t fall under any of the above four categories ( Red, Orange, Green and White) , decision with regard to its categorization will be taken at the level of concerned SPCB/PCC by a committee headed by the Member Secretary , SPCB/PCC and comprising of two senior cadre Engineers / Scientists of the SPCB / PCC in accordance with the scoring-criteria specified in this document. ix. The summary is presented in the following Table G-1 and final lists of Red, Orange, Green and White categories of industries are presented in Tables G-2, G-3, G-4 and G-5 respectively, which are self explanatory.

Table G-1: Final Summary Table Red , Orange, Green and White Categories of Industries (16-01-16)

Sl Original Initial Addition Deletion / Re- Re- Re- Re- Check No. Categorization Nos. by Shifting to categorization categorization categorization categorization Splitting foot-note due to Red to Orange to Green to White into to vague term further / Merger / classes other reasons 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 (1+2) = (3 to 7)

1 Red 85 11 7 60 26 3 Nil 96=96

2 Orange 73 2 3 Nil 51 19 2 75=75

3 Green 86 Nil 3+2=5 Nil 6 41 34 86=86

Final 244 13 15 60 83 63 36 257 Categorization =257 (Red ) (Orange) (Green) (White) (Total categories including in foot- note)

Table G-2 : Final List of Red Category of Industrial Sectors

Sl No. Orgnl Industry Sector W1 W2 W A1 A2 A H W+A+H Revis REMARKS Sl.No ed Categ ory 1. 38 Isolated storage of hazardous R-R As per provisions of Rules, to be kept under Red chemicals (as per schedule of category especially for safety purposes. manufacturing, storage of hazardous chemicals rules ,1989 as amended) 2. 4 Automobile Manufacturing 30 - 30 20 - 20 10 60 R-R i. Such types of plants are having either one or (integrated facilities) combinations of polluting activities viz. washing, metal surface finishing operations, pickling, plating, electro-plating , phosphating, painting , heat treatment etc. ii. Some of such plants may outsource some /all of the polluting activities. In such cases, after thorough inspection of such units by concerned SPCB, re-categorization of the industry shall be made accordingly. 3. 34 Industries engaged in recycling / 30 - 30 20 - 20 10 60 R-R All the three types of pollutants are expected. reprocessing/ recovery/reuse of Hazardous Waste under schedule iv of HW( M, H& TBM) rules, 2008 - Items namely - Spent cleared metal catalyst containing copper,, Spent cleared metal catalyst containing zinc,, 4. 44 Manufacturing of lubricating oils 20 - 20 20 - 20 20 60 R-R Generates all sorts of pollution. ,grease and petroleum based products 5. 66 E DG Set of capacity > 5 MVA - - - 20 5 25 - 62.5 R-R i. Mainly air polluting. ii. DG sets consume the diesel @ 0.21 litres/hr/KVA at full load. iii. Average running is taken @ 12 hrs / day although many of the DG sets run for more than this period. 6. 31 Industrial carbon including 10 - - 20 5 25 10 62.5 R-R Mainly air polluting. Air pollution score is electrodes and graphite blocks, normalized to 100. activated carbon, carbon black

7. 39 Lead acid battery 10 - 10 25 - 25 10 62.5 R-R i. Mainly air polluting. Air pollution manufacturing(excluding scores are normalized to 100. assembling and charging of lead- ii. Lead Acid Battery manufacturing acid battery in micro scale) consists of various stages which broadly involve (after producing or receiving lead oxide): Paste Mixing , Grid Casting , Grid Pasting & Curing , Hydro-setting, parting & enveloping , Stacking, grouping & inter-cell welding , Formation. iii. Exposure of workmen to lead during all or any of the processes outlined above exceeds the prescribed standards if appropriate equipment in this respect is not installed at any Battery Manufacturing Unit. iv. All of the above processes, some more than others, involve release of lead particles or fumes into the environment. Pollution from the above processes can be grouped into two possible types, viz: (a) Lead Oxide becomes airborne and there is Particulate Pollution (b) Fumes are generated and there is Gaseous Pollution 8. 62 Phosphate rock processing plant 30 - 30 20 - 20 - 62.5 R-R i. The separation of phosphate rock from impurities and non-phosphate materials for use in fertilizer manufacture consists of beneficiation, drying or calcining at some operations, and grinding. Phosphate rock from the mines is first sent to beneficiation uni ts to separate sand and clay and to remove impurities. Steps used in beneficiation depend on the type of rock. ii. The water & air pollution scores are normalized to 100.

9. 66 Power generation plant [except 10 - 10 15 10 25 62.5 R-R 1. Mainly air polluting. It uses a mixture of biomass Wind and Solar renewable (agro based) and coal ( < 10 %) as a fuel. Almost, power plants of all capacities and round the year operation. 2 . In case of DG sets Mini Hydel power plant of of 5 MVA & more and emissions of SO2 will take capacity <25MW] place due to use of liquid fuel. Air pollution score will be =20 + 10 = 30, Normalized score will be 75. 3. In case of 'Waste to Energy Plants' , water will be used for cooling and air score will be - 30+10 = 40. 10. 34 Industries engaged in recycling / 30 - 30 25 - 25 10 65 R-R All the three types of pollutants are expected. reprocessing/ recovery/reuse of Hazardous Waste under schedule iv of HW( M, H& TBM) rules, 2008 - Items namely - Spent catalyst containing nickel, cadmium, Zinc, copper, arsenic, vanadium and cobalt, 11. 67 Processes involving chlorinated 30 - 30 20 - 20 15 65 R-R Chlorinated hydrocarbons are used in the hydrocarbons manufacture of insecticides, pesticides and organo chloro pesticides. Effluents & emissions are toxic in nature.

12. 74 Sugar ( excluding Khandsari) 20 10 30 15 10 25 10 65 R-R i. This industrial sector is the one among the ‘17 categories of Highly Polluting Industries’. ii. Sugar mills generate all sorts of pollution problems. 13. 22 Fibre glass production and - - - 20 - 20 20 67 R-R i. The use of styrene in most methods of processing (excluding moulding) fiberglass production causes hazardous air pollution that is harmful to breathe at excessive levels. ii. It is mainly air polluting & HW generating industry. The air pollution & HW scores are normalized to 100. iii. In case of lead containing glass, the score of A1 will be 25 and final normalized score will be 75 and shall be categorized as Red. 14. 23 Fire crackers manufacturing and - - - 20 - 20 20 67 R-R i. This is the normalized score based on air bulk storage facilities pollution & HW generation. ii. Various hazardous chemicals are used in the manufacturing process. iii. These chemicals are namely Potassium Nitrate , Potassium per-chlorate, Barium Nitrate, Aluminium compounds, Copper Chloride etc.

iv. These chemicals are highly hazardous and cause serious diseases among the workers. especially ability of blood to carry oxygen leading to headaches, methemoglobinemia and kidney problems , skin problems, thyroid metal fume etc. 15. 34 Industries engaged in recycling / - - - 30 0 30 10 67 R-R Mainly air polluting and hazardous waste reprocessing/ recovery/reuse of generating. Air & HW pollution scores are Hazardous Waste under jointly normalized to 100. schedule iv of HW( M, H& TBM) rules, 2008 - Items namely - Dismantlers Recycling Plants -- Components of waste electrical and electronic assembles comprising accumulators and other batteries included on list A, mercury-switches, activated glass cullets from cathode-ray tubes and other activated glass and PCB-capacitors, or any other component contaminated with Schedule 2 constituents (e.g. cadmium, mercury, lead, polychlorinated biphenyl) to an extent that they exhibit hazard characteristics indicated in part C of this Schedule. 16. 47 Milk processes and dairy 20 10 30 20 5 25 - 68.75 R-R i. Water as well as air polluting due to use of products(integrated project) boilers. ii. Water & air pollution scores are normalized to 100. 17. 63 Phosphorous and its compounds 30 - 30 25 - 25 - 68.75 R-R Water pollution & air pollution containing compounds of phosphorous are expected

18. 61 Pulp & Paper ( waste paper based 20 10 30 15 10 25 0 68.75 R-R Mainly water & air polluting . Water & air pollution without bleaching process to scores are normalized to 100. manufacture Kraft paper)

19. 13 Coke making , liquefaction, coal 30 - 30 20 - 20 20 70 R-R It is a kind of petrochemical industry. tar distillation or fuel gas making

20. 41 Manufacturing of explosives, 30 - 30 20 - 20 20 70 R-R i. Explosives manufacture and use detonators, fuses including contribute some measure of hazardous management and handling waste to the environment. activities ii. Nitroglycerin produces several toxic byproducts such as acids, caustics, and oils contaminated with heavy metals. These must be disposed of properly by neutralization or stabilization and transported to a hazardous waste landfill. iii. The use of explosives creates large amounts of dust and particulate from the explosion, and, in some cases, releases asbestos, lead, and other hazardous materials into the atmosphere. 21. 45 Manufacturing of paints 30 - 30 25 - 25 15 70 R-R i. The process may cause considerable emissions varnishes, pigments and of volatile organic compounds (VOC). VOC intermediate (excluding contribute to the creation of ozone in the blending/mixing) lower layers of the atmosphere (photochemical air pollution) and can present danger to health. ii. Dust and odour may also be a problem. iii. Washing of vessels will contribute waste- waters. iv. Large quantity of HWs are also produced.

22. 56 Organic Chemicals 30 - 30 20 - 50 20 70 R-R Such types of industrial sectors generate all sorts of manufacturing pollution. 23. 1 Airports and Commercial Air 20 10 30 - - - 10 75 R-R i. The Airports are generating mainly the waste - Strips waters. ii. This is the water pollution normalized score for airports having discharge more than 100 KLD. iii. The airports / strips having discharge less than 100 KLD will have score of 50 and hence orange category. iv. If the score is normalized wrt water + HW both, then all the airports will come under Orange category ( score - 58.33). 24. 3 Asbestos and asbestos based - - - 30 - 30 10 75 R-R i. This is mainly air polluting industry. industries ii. Final score is based on air pollution score only. iii. Asbestos is carcinogenic and banned in many countries. 25. 5 Basic chemicals and electro 30 - 30 - - - 10 75 R-R i. Standards prescribed for Inorganic Chemicals are chemicals and its derivatives adopted. including manufacturing of acid ii. It is mainly water polluting industry having effluents which are toxic and not easily biodegradable. 22

iii. Water pollution score normalized to 100 is undertaken. iv. The earlier Red category industrial sector namely “Hydrocyanic acid and its derivatives “ is also merged under this industrial sector. 26. 7 Cement - - - 20 10 30 - 75 R-R This is mainly air polluting industry & hence normalized air pollution score. 27. 9 Chlorates, per-chlorates & 30 - 30 - - - - 75 R-R i. It is mainly water polluting industry having peroxides effluents which are toxic and not easily biodegradable. ii. Water pollution score normalized to 100 is undertaken. 28. 10 Chlorine, fluorine, bromine, 30 - 30 - - - - 75 R-R i. It is mainly water polluting industry having iodine and their compounds effluents which are toxic and not easily biodegradable. ii. Water pollution score normalized to 100 is undertaken. 29. 16 Dyes and Dye- Intermediates 30 - 30 20 5 25 20 75 R-R i. This industrial sector is the one among the ’17 categories of Highly Polluting Industries’. ii. Such types of industrial sectors generate all sorts of pollution. 30. 26 Health-care Establishment ( as 20 10 30 - - - - 75 R-R i. Mainly water polluting. defined in BMW Rules) ii. The water pollution score is normalized to 100 & valid for Hospitals having total waste-water generation > 100 KLD. iii. The hospitals with incinerator will be categorized as Red irrespective of the quantity of the waste - water generation. iv. The hospitals having total waste-water generation less than 100 KLD and without incinerator, the normalized water pollution score will be 50 and will be categorized as Orange category. 31. 29 Hotels having overall waste- 20 10 30 15 - 15 - 75 R-R i. Mainly water polluting. Small boiler may be water generation @ 100 KLD and installed. more. ii. The water pollution score is normalized to 100 & valid for Hotels having waste-water generation > 100 KLD. iii. The hotels having more than 20 rooms and waste-water generation less than 100 KLD and having a coal / oil fired boiler , the pollution score will be 35/40 & are categorized as Orange. iv. The hotels having more than 20 rooms and waste-water generation less than 10 KLD and

having no-boiler & no hazardous waste generation, the pollution score will be 20 & are categorized as Green.

32. 34 Industries engaged in recycling / 30 - 30 25 -- 25 20 75 R-R All the three types of pollutants are generated. reprocessing/ recovery/reuse of Hazardous Waste under schedule iv of HW( M, H& TBM) rules, 2008 - Items namely - Lead acid battery plates and other lead scrap/ashes/residues not covered under Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001. [ * Battery scrap, namely: Lead battery plates covered by ISRI, Code word “Rails” Battery lugs covered by ISRI, Code word “Rakes”. Scrap drained/dry while intact, lead batteries covered by ISRI, Code word “rains”. 33. 34 Industries engaged in recycling / 30 - 30 25 - 25 20 75 R-R All the three types of pollutants are expected. reprocessing/ recovery/reuse of Hazardous Waste under schedule iv of HW( M, H& TBM) rules, 2008 - Items namely - Integrated Recycling Plants -- Components of waste electrical and electronic assembles comprising accumulators and other batteries included on list A, mercury- switches, activated glass cullets from cathode-ray tubes and other activated glass and PCB-capacitors, or any other component contaminated with Schedule 2 constituents (e.g. cadmium, mercury, lead, polychlorinated biphenyl) to an extent that they exhibit hazard characteristics indicated in part C of this Schedule. 34. 43 Manufacturing of glue and 30 10 40 20 - 20 - 75 R-R Highly water polluting & obnoxious air polluting. gelatin 35. 49 Mining and ore beneficiation 30 10 40 15 5 20 - 75 R-R Both air and water polluting. Score is normalized with air & water pollution. 24

36. 52 Nuclear power plant 10 - 10 30 - 30 15 75 R-R i. Mainly air polluting due to incinerator. Others - cooling water. ii. Air pollution score is normalized to 100. 37. 58 Pesticides (technical) (excluding 30 - 30 25 - 25 20 75 R-R i. This industrial sector is the one among the ‘17 formulation) categories of Highly Polluting Industries’. ii. Such types of industrial sectors generate all sorts of pollution. 38. 64 Photographic film and its 30 - 30 - - - - 75 R-R i. Silver salts and other chemicals are used in chemicals preparation. Slight quantity of effluents is generated. ii. Water pollution scores are normalized to 100. 39. 68 Railway locomotive work 20 10 30 - - - 10 75 R-R i. Mainly water polluting industry . Water is used shop/Integrated road transport in the washing of locomotives, road transport workshop/Authorized service vehicles during servicing. centers ii. This score is valid for those Centers having discharge more than 100 KLD. iii. Service Centers having waste-water generation < 100 KLD, the normalized score will be =( 100*20)/40= 50.

40. 84 Yarn / Textile processing 30 10 40 15 - 15 20 75 R-R In this sector all sorts of pollution are generated. involving any effluent/emission generating processes including bleaching, dyeing, printing and colouring 41. 8 Chlor Alkali 30 10 40 20 10 30 10 80 R-R i. This industrial sector is the one among the ’17 categories of Highly Polluting Industries’. ii. Chlor-alkali units are having different section like NaOH, Cl2, SBP etc which are having toxic effluents. Additionally , fuel consumption is also on higher-side. 42. 70 Ship Breaking Industries 30 - 30 30 - 30 20 80 R-R i. The ship-breaking industry creates numerous hazards for the coastal and marine environment. ii. Ship-breaking releases a large number of dangerous pollutants, including toxic waste, oil, poly-chlorinated biphenyls, and heavy metals, into the waters and sea bed. iii. While most of the oil is removed before a ship is scrapped, sand used to mop up the remaining oil is thrown into the sea. High concentrations of oil and grease are then found in the coastal waters, choking marine life. 25

iv. Solid waste strewn on the shore, 45 tonnes on any given day according to a study by the Central Pollution Control Board, also finds its way into the sea. v. Adding to the stress on coastal waters, the organic load from the thousands of workers living in cramped conditions with little or no sanitary facilities results in unacceptably high levels of BOD. 43. 53 Oil and gas extraction including 30 - 30 - - - 20 83 R-R i. Mainly water polluting & hazardous waste CBM (offshore & on-shore generating. extraction through drilling wells) ii. The water pollution & HW generation scores are normalized to 100. 44. 36 Industry or process involving 30 - 30 - - - 20 83 R-R Mainly water polluting & toxic hazardous waste metal surface treatment or generating industry. Scores are normalized to 100. process such as pickling/ electroplating/paint stripping/ heat treatment using cyanide bath/ phosphating or finishing and anodizing / enamellings/ galvanizing 45. 80 Tanneries 30 - 30 - - - 20 83 R-R Mainly water polluting & hazardous waste generating industry. Scores are normalized to 100. 46. 65 Ports and harbour, jetties and 30 10 40 15 10 25 20 85 R-R This category contain all sorts of pollution. dredging operations 47. 77 Synthetic fibers including rayon 30 10 40 25 10 35 10 85 R-R This sector generates all sorts of pollution problems. ,tyre cord, polyester filament yarn 48. 81 Thermal Power Plants 30 10 40 20 10 30 15 85 R-R i. This industrial sector is the one among the ‘17 categories of Highly Polluting Industries’. ii. TPP generate all sorts of pollution problems. 49. 71 Slaughter house (as per 25 10 35 - - - - 87.5 R-R Mainly water polluting and obnoxious odour notification S.O.270(E)dated generating industry. The water pollution score is 26.03.2001)and meat processing normalized to 100 industries, bone mill, processing of animal horn, hoofs and other body parts 50. 2 Aluminium Smelter 30 10 40 20 10 30 20 90 R-R i. This industrial sector is the one among the ’17 categories of Highly Polluting Industries’. ii. This sector is generating all sorts of pollution i.e. air, water and HW. 51. 12 Copper Smelter 30 10 40 20 10 30 20 90 R-R i. This industrial sector is the one among the ’17 categories of Highly Polluting Industries’. ii. Integrated Copper Smelters contain all sorts of 26

pollution. 52. 20 Fertilizer (basic) (excluding 30 10 40 20 10 30 20 90 R-R i. This industrial sector is the one among the ’17 formulation) categories of Highly Polluting Industries’. ii. Generates all sorts of pollution.

53. 37 Iron & Steel (involving 30 10 40 20 10 30 20 90 R-R i. This industrial sector is the one among the ’17 processing from ore/ integrated categories of Highly Polluting Industries’. steel plants) and or Sponge Iron ii. Such types of industrial sectors generate all sorts units of pollution. 54. 61 Pulp & Paper ( waste paper based 25 10 35 25 10 35 20 90 R-R Waste paper based Pulp & Paper mills with units with bleaching process to bleaching process generate all sorts of pollution. manufacture writing & printing paper) 55. 85 Zinc Smelter 30 10 40 20 10 30 20 90 R-R i. This industrial sector is the one among the ‘17 categories of Highly Polluting Industries’. ii. Integrated Zinc smelter generates all sorts of pollution problems. 56. 55 Oil Refinery (mineral Oil or 30 10 40 25 10 35 20 95 R-R i. This industrial sector is the one among the ‘17 Petro Refineries) categories of Highly Polluting Industries’. ii. Such types of industrial sectors generate all sorts of pollution. 57. 59 Petrochemicals Manufacturing ( 30 10 40 25 10 35 20 95 R-R i. This industrial sector is the one among the ‘17 including processing of categories of Highly Polluting Industries’. Emulsions of oil and water ) ii. Such types of industrial sectors generate all sorts of pollution. iii. The earlier red category industrial sector namely “Processing of Emulsions of Oil & Water “ is merged with this industrial sector. 58. 60 Pharmaceuticals 30 10 40 30 5 35 20 95 R-R i. This industrial sector is the one among the ‘17 categories of Highly Polluting Industries’. ii. Such types of industrial sectors generate all sorts of pollution. 59. 61 Pulp & Paper ( Large-Agro + 30 10 40 25 10 35 20 95 R-R i. This industrial sector is the one among the ‘17 wood) , Small Pulp & categories of Highly Polluting Industries’. Paper ( agro based-wheat ii. Large /Small Agro based Pulp & Paper mills straw/rice husk) contribute all sorts of pollution problems. 60. 15 Distillery ( molasses / grain / 30 10 40 - - - - 100 R-R Mainly water polluting industry. Final score is the yeast based) normalized water pollution score.

Note : i. Under the column Revised Category, the full forms of the abbreviations are as follows : a. R-R means original category was Red and revised category is also Red b. R-O means original category was Red and revised category is Orange c. O-O means original category was Orange and revised category is also Orange d. O-G means original category was Orange and revised category is Green e. O-W means original category was Orange and revised category is White f. G-O means original category was Green and revised category is Orange g. G-G means original category was Green and revised category is also Green h. G-W means original category was Green and revised category is White

ii. There are specific remarks in respect of some of the industrial sectors. These sectors are either merged with other relevant sectors or deleted due to duplication. The overall details are as follows :

Sl Original Industry Sector Original Remarks No. Sl No. Category 1 14 Common treatment and disposal facilities(CETP, TSDF, E- R i. All such facilities are classified as Red but special category projects as these are parts of waste recycling, CBMWTF, effluent conveyance project, pollution control facilities. incinerator, solvent/acid recovery plant, MSW sanitary land ii. In case of CETP , the categorization will depend upon the category of member industries fill site) being served. 2 18 Processing of Emulsions of Oil & Water It is a part of Petrochemical industries. Transferred and merged with the industrial sector namely ‘Petrochemicals’ at Sl. No. 54. 3 27 Heavy engineering including ship building (with investment R Most of the pollution generating processes / operations under this category are similar to on Plant & Machineries more than Rs 10 crores) the industry category namely “Automobile Manufacturing (integrated facilities)” at Sl . No. 1 and may be referred accordingly. 4 30 Hydrocyanic acid and its derivatives R Have been merged with the red category industrial sector namely “ Basic chemicals and electro chemicals and its derivatives including manufacturing of acid “ at Sl. No. 24 5 32 Industrial estates/ parks / complexes/ areas/ export processing R The classification will depend upon the category(ies) of the industries operating / zones/ SEZs/ Biotech parks/ leather complex proposed to be permitted in the area. In this context, guidelines prescribed in EIA Notification, 2006 shall be followed. 6 33 Industrial inorganic gases namely- R These gases are generally secondary products and produced alongwith other main a) Chemical gas- Acetylene, hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine, products. To be classified as per the main parent plant. ammonia, sulphur dioxide, ethylene, hydrogen-sulphide, phosphine b) Hydrocarbon gases- Methane , ethane, propane 7 69 Reprocessing of used oils & waste oils R i. The industry generates mainly the air pollution and oil bearing hazardous wastes. The normalized (air pollution & HW generation score is 58.33. ii. To be deleted as already covered under HW Recyclers / Re-processors ( Used oils / Waste Oils) under Orange Category

Table G-3 : Final List of Orange Category of Industrial Sectors

Final Sl. Orgnl Industry Sector W1 W2 W A1 A2 A H W+A+H Revised Remarks No. S.No category 1. 20 Dismantling of rolling stocks ( wagons/ ------15 -- 15 10 41.67 O-O Emissions of dust and coaches) generation of waste oils take place during dismantling. Air pollution & HW generation scores (15+10=25) are normalized to 100. 2. 5 Bakery and confectionery units with 20 -- 20 15 -- 15 -- 43.75 O-O production capacity > 1 TPD. ( With ovens / furnaces)

3. 10 Chanachur and ladoo from puffed and 20 -- 20 15 -- 15 -- 43.75 O-O Normal water and air beaten rice( muri and shira) using polluting. husk fired oven

4. 23 Coated electrode manufacturing 15 0 15 20 0 20 0 43.75 G-O Preparation of core wire / rod, preparation of dry mix, preparation of wet mix, application of coating by extrusion, baking of coated electrodes 5. 24 Compact disc computer floppy 15 0 15 20 0 20 0 43.75 G-O Generates waste-water and and cassette manufacturing / Reel process emissions. manufacturing 6. 24 Flakes from rejected PET bottle 20 - 20 15 - 15 - 43.75 R-O Normal water & air pollutions are generated. 7. 30 Food and food processing including 20 -- 20 15 -- 15 -- 43.75 O-O Normal water and air fruits and vegetable processing polluting. 8. 40 Jute processing without dyeing 20 -- 20 15 -- 15 -- 43.75 O-O CPCB has notified standards for this category. Both air and water pollutions are generated. 9. 56 Manufacturing of silica gel 15 0 15 20 0 20 0 43.75 G-O Waste-waters containing TDS and emissions of H2SO4 are generated.

10. 45 Manufacturing of tooth powder, 20 -- 20 15 -- 15 -- 43.75 O-O Both air and water pollution toothpaste, talcum powder and other are generated. cosmetic items

11. 55 Printing or etching of glass sheet using 15 -- 15 20 -- 20 -- 43.75 O-O Both air and water pollution hydrofluoric acid are generated. 12. 65 Silk screen printing, sari printing by 20 -- 20 15 -- 15 -- 43.75 O-O Wash-water and PM emissions wooden blocks from boilers . 13. 76 Synthetic detergents and 20 - 20 15 - 15 - 43.75 R-O i. This is the score for units soaps(excluding formulation) having generation of waste- waters less than 100 KLD. ii. The units having waste- water generation more than 100 KLD will become mainly water polluting and accordingly normalized water pollution score will be 75 and be categorized as Red. 14. 71 Thermometer manufacturing 15 -- 15 20 -- 20 -- 43.75 O-O Process - making glass bulb, forming reservoir in the glass tube for fluid, inserting fluid, scale marking. Use of fuel to heat the glass tubes and hydrofluoric acid to seal the scaling. Small quantities of spent acids are generated. 15. 14 Cotton spinning and weaving ( ------15 -- 37.5 10 47.5 O-O Mainly air polluting industry. medium and large scale) Sources of air pollution (PM) are the fine particles of cotton from spinning process. Air pollution score is normalized to 100. 16. 1 Almirah, Grill Manufacturing (Dry ------20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O Air pollution due to spray Mechanical Process ) painting (emissions of VOCs). Units without painting operations shall be categorized as White.

17. 2 Aluminium & copper extraction from ------20 -- 20 10 50 O-O i. Normalized Air pollution scrap using oil fired furnace (dry score. process only) ii. Significant air pollution due to melting (emissions of SO2, PM). 18. 3 Automobile servicing, repairing and 20 -- 20 20 -- 20 10 50 O-O Normal water & air polluting painting (excluding only fuel and recyclable waste oil dispensing) generating. If the waste water generation is more than 100 KLD, it will become mainly water polluting and Red category unit. 19. 4 Ayurvedic and homeopathic medicine 20 -- 20 15 -- 15 15 50 O-O

20. 7 Brickfields ( excluding fly ash brick ------20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O Significantly air polluting. manufacturing using lime process) 21. 8 Building and construction project 20 -- 20 20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O 1. In the pre-construction more than 20,000 sq. m built up area stage , it is mainly air polluting due to generation of dust ( PM ) emissions. 2. After construction, it is mainly water polluting. If the discharge is more than 100 KLD, it will be having the normalized score of 75 and be categorized as Red. 22. 6 Ceramics and Refractories - - - 20 - 20 - 50 R-O i. Mainly air polluting industry. ii. This score is for the units having coal consumption < than 12 MT/day. iii. For the units having coal consumption > 12 MT /day, the normalized air pollution score will be 62.5 and shall be categorized as Red.

23. 11 Coal washeries 15 10 25 15 - 15 - 50 R-O i. Wet washeries are mainly water polluting industry generating effluents which are having inorganic SS & TDS. Additionally, air pollution due to PM emissions is also generated. ii. Water & air pollution scores are jointly normalized to 100. 24. 16 Dairy and dairy products ( small scale) 20 -- 20 20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O Water and air polluting both.

25. 18 DG set of capacity >1MVA but < 5MVA ------20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O Mainly air polluting . air pollution score is normalized to 100. 26. 17 Dry coal processing, mineral - - - 20 - 20 - 50 R-O Mainly air polluting industry. processing, industries involving Final score is the ore sintering, pelletisating, normalized air pollution grinding & pulverization score. 27. 19 Fermentation industry including 20 - 20 - - - - 50 R-O i. Mainly water polluting manufacture of yeast, beer, industry. This is the distillation of alcohol (Extra normalized water pollution Neutral Alcohol) score for units having discharge < 100 KLD. ii. For the units having discharge > 100 KLD, the normalized water pollution score will be 75 and shall be accordingly categorized as Red. 28. 21 Ferrous and Non- ferrous metal - - - 15 5 20 10 50 R-O i. Mainly air polluting. extraction involving different ii. This score is furnaces through melting, refining, applicable to re-processing, casting and alloy- secondary production making of ferrous & non- ferrous metals (excluding lead) up-to 1 MT/hour production. 32

iii. For lead, the normalized air pollution score will be = (100*25)/40= 62.5 and is categorized as Red. iv. For Induction Furnace clubbed with AOD furnace – separate calculation shall be made based on the capacity of the furnaces. In such industries, the molten metal from induction furnace is transferred to AOD furnace where other metals like manganese and nickel are added to get the metal of desired constituents. The lime and silicon are also added for reduction of the metal oxides to the base metal. the normalized air pollution score will be = (100*25)/40= 62.5 and is categorized as Red. 29. 26 Fertilizer (granulation / formulation / ------20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O Air polluting. blending only)

30. 27 Fish feed, poultry feed and cattle feed ------20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O Obnoxious odour , H2S etc. AP score is normalized to 100 31. 28 Fish processing and packing (excluding 20 -- 20 ------50 O-O Mainly water polluting. WP chilling of fishes) score is normalized to 100.

32. 31 Forging of ferrous and non- ferrous ------20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O Heating furnace. Mainly air metals ( using oil and gas fired polluting. furnaces)

33. 32 Formulation/pelletization of camphor ------20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O Mainly air polluting. Emissions tablets, naphthalene balls from of Benzene, HC are expected. camphor/ naphthalene powders.

34. 33 Glass ceramics, earthen potteries and ------20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O Mainly air polluting. Emissions tile manufacturing using oil and gas of SO2 are expected. fired kilns, coating on glasses using cerium fluorides and magnesium fluoride etc. 35. 35 Gravure printing, digital printing on 20 -- 20 20 -- 20 10 50 O-O Waste waters , emissions of flex, vinyl VOCs 36. 36 Heat treatment using oil fired furnace ------20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O Mainly air polluting and noise ( without cyaniding) generating. AP Score is normalized to 100. 37. 28 Hot mix plants - - - 20 - 20 - 50 R-O Mainly air polluting. Air pollution scores are normalized to 100. 38. 37 Hotels (< 3 star) or hotels having > 20 20 -- 20 20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O Mainly water polluting. WP rooms and less than 100 rooms. score is normalized to 100. 39. 38 Ice cream 20 -- 20 20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O Wash-water and boilers / oven for pasteurization. 40. 34 Industries engaged in recycling / - - - 20 0 20 0 50 R-O Mainly air polluting. Air reprocessing/ recovery/reuse of pollution score is Hazardous Waste under schedule iv of normalized to 100 HW( M, H& TBM) rules, 2008 - Items namely - Paint and ink Sludge/residues 41. 34 Industries engaged in recycling / 10 - 10 20 - 20 10 50 R-O Mainly air polluting. reprocessing/ recovery/reuse of Hazardous Waste under schedule iv of HW( M, H& TBM) rules, 2008 - Items namely - Brass Dross ,, Copper Dross,, Copper Oxide Mill Scale,, Copper Reverts, Cake & Residues,, Waste Copper and copper alloys in 34

dispersible form,, Slags from copper processing for further processing or refining ,, Insulated Copper Wire,, Scrap/copper with PVC sheathing including ISRI-code material namely “Druid” ,, Jelly filled Copper cables ,, Zinc Dross-Hot dip Galvanizers SLAB,, Zinc Dross-Bottom Dross,, Zinc ash/Skimming arising from galvanizing and die casting operations,, Zinc ash/Skimming/other zinc bearing wastes arising from smelting and refining,, Zinc ash and residues including zinc alloy residues in dispersible from ,, 42. 35 Industry or processes involving - - - 20 - 20 - 50 R-O i. This score is valid for the foundry operations foundries having capacity < 5 MT/hr as such units require the coal/coke @ < 500 kg/hr. ii. The units having capacity of 5 MT/hr and more, the coal/coke consumption will be more than 500 kg/hr and the normalized score will be 62.5 and classified accordingly as Red. 43. 40 Lime manufacturing (using lime - - - 20 - 20 - 50 R-O Mainly air polluting kiln) 44. 41 Liquid floor cleaner, black phenyl, 20 -- 20 20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O Both air and water pollution liquid soap, glycerol mono-stearate are generated. manufacturing

45. 42 Manufacturing of glass 10 - - 20 - 20 - 50 R-O i. Mainly air polluting ( melting at 1500ºC and refining . ii. In case of lead glass , the score of A1 will be 25 and accordingly the normalized scores will be 62.5 i.e. Red . 46. 43 Manufacturing of iodized salt from 12 -- 12 20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O Boiling in Evaporators crude/ raw salt (multiple effect evaporators), centrifuging, iodization with KIO3 mixing . Mainly air polluting. Air pollution score is normalized to 100. 47. 42 Manufacturing of mirror from sheet ------20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O Evaporator & furnace for glass heating the metal to be applied as reflector on mirror. Mainly air polluting. 48. 44 Manufacturing of mosquito repellent ------20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O Mainly air polluting. Toxic coil fumes are expected. 49. 46 Manufacturing of Starch/Sago 25 - 25 15 - 15 - 50 R-O i. Water and air polluting industry. Boiler is used for steam generation. ii. Water & air pollution scores are normalized to 100 50. 46 Mechanized laundry using oil fired 20 -- 20 20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O Both air and water pollution boiler are generated. 51. 47 Modular wooden furniture from ------20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O 1. Mainly air polluting. Boiler particle board, MDF< swan timber etc, as well as VOCs from use of Ceiling tiles/ partition board from saw adhesives. 2. Without boiler, it dust, wood chips etc., and other will be a Green category agricultural waste using synthetic industry. adhesive resin, wooden box making ( With boiler) 52. 50 New highway construction project - - - 20 - 20 - 50 R-O Mainly air polluting project.

53. 51 Non-alcoholic beverages(soft 20 - 20 15 5 20 - 50 R-O i. Both air and water drink) & bottling of alcohol/non polluting. Score is alcoholic products normalized with air & water pollution. This score is valid for industries having waste-water generation < 100 KLD. ii. For the units having waste-water generation > 100 KLD the , normalized score would be 62.5 and categorized as Red. 54. 49 Paint blending and mixing (Ball mill) 20 -- 20 20 -- 20 10 50 O-O Both air and water pollution are generated. 55. 62 Paints and varnishes (mixing and 20 0 0 20 0 20 0 50 G-O Waste-waters as well as fumes blending) of VOCs due to solvents, pigments, varnishes. 56. 51 Ply-board manufacturing( including 0 -- 0 20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O Mainly air polluting because of Veneer and laminate) with oil fired use of boiler. AP score is boiler/ thermic fluid heater(without normalized to 100 resin plant) 57. 52 Potable alcohol ( IMFL) by blending, 20 -- 20 ------50 O-O Mainly water polluting. WP bottling of alcohol products score is normalized to 100. 58. 54 Printing ink manufacturing 20 -- 20 20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O 1. Pigments, binders and solvents are used. 2. Boiler is also used. 3. Emissions of VOCs take place. 59. 70 Printing press 20 0 20 20 0 20 0 50 G-O Colored waste-waters containing dyes and VOC emissions are generated. 60. 59 Reprocessing of waste plastic 20 -- 20 20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O Large quantities of wash-water including PVC and fugitive emissions are generated. 61. 61 Rolling mill (oil or coal fired) and cold 10 -- 10 20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O Mainly air polluting. Air rolling mill pollution score is normalized to 100. Others - cooling water and recyclable waste oils etc. are generated. 62. 67 Spray painting, paint baking, paint ------20 -- 20 10 50 O-O Mainly air polluting. Emissions shipping of VOCs and HC are generated. 37

63. 72 Steel and steel products using 10 - 10 20 - 20 10 50 R-O i. Mainly air polluting. In the various furnaces like blast furnace emissions, oxides of /open hearth furnace/induction manganese, nickel etc. are furnace/arc furnace/submerged also present. arc furnace /basic oxygen furnace ii. Air pollution score is /hot rolling reheated furnace normalized to 100. 64. 73 Stone crushers - - - 20 - 20 - 50 R-O Mainly air polluting. Air pollution score is normalized to 100.

65. 75 Surgical and medical products 20 - 20 20 - 20 - 50 R-O Both air as well as water including prophylactics and latex polluting. Air and water pollution scores are normalized to 100. 66. 85 Tephlon based products 0 0 0 20 0 20 0 50 G-O Due to spraying applications, emissions (HC) are generated 67. 70 Thermocol manufacturing ( with ------20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O Polystyrene is heated. Mainly boiler) air polluting with boiler. 68. 82 Tobacco products including 20 - 20 20 - 20 - 50 R-O Such industries generate cigarettes and tobacco/opium both air as well as water processes pollution. These scores are normalized to 100. 69. 72 Transformer repairing/ manufacturing ------20 -- 20 10 50 O-O Mainly air polluting because of ( dry process only) ovens, shot-blasting etc. 70. 73 Tyres and tubes vulcanization/ hot 10 -- 10 20 -- 20 -- 50 O-O Mainly air polluting . Emissions retreating of PM, VOCs and obnoxious odour are generated. 71. 83 Vegetable oil manufacturing 20 - 20 15 5 20 10 50 R-O i. All sorts of pollution are including solvent extraction and generated. refinery /hydrogenated oils ii. This score is valid for plants having waste- water generation < 100 KLD. iii. If the waste-water generation is more than 100 KLD, the unit shall be classified as Red. 72. 74 Wire drawing and wire netting 20 -- 20 ------50 O-O Mainly water polluting. WP score is normalized to 100.

73. 21 Dry cell battery ( excluding manufacturing 30 -- 30 15 -- 15 10 55 O-O Water and air polluting both. of electrodes) and assembling & charging of acid lead battery on micro scale 74. 50 Pharmaceutical formulation and for R 20 -- 20 20 -- 20 15 55 O-O i. All sorts of pollution are & D purpose ( For sustained release/ generated. extended release of drugs only and ii. R&D activities are to be not for commercial purpose) shifted to Red category. 75. 78 Synthetic resins 20 - 20 20 - 20 15 55 R-O All sorts of pollution are generated. 76. 79 Synthetic rubber excluding 20 - 20 20 - 20 15 55 R-O i. Most synthetic rubber molding is created from two materials, styrene and butadiene. Both are currently obtained from petroleum. ii. Process is similar to a part of Petrochemical plants. 77. 9 Cashew nut processing 25 -- 25 20 -- 20 -- 56 O-O Normal water and air polluting. 78. 12 Coffee seed processing 25 -- 25 20 -- 20 -- 56 O-O Normal water & air polluting industry. 79. 57 Parboiled Rice Mills 25 - 25 20 - 20 - 56 R-O i. Rice Mills are generating both air and water pollution. Waste- waters are having high strength in respect of BOD. ii. This is the normalized air & water pollution score for units having waste-water generation < 100 KLD and fuel consumption less than 12 MTD. iii. For units having waste- water generation > 100 KLD or fuel consumption > 12 MTD or both , the unit shall be classified as Red.

80. 29 Foam manufacturing ------20 -- 20 15 58 O-O i. Raw material is polyurethane, latex etc. ii. Emissions of VOCs and HAPs. CH3Cl2 and similar compounds as blowing agents. iii. Outdated raw materials and spoiled slots are discarded as HW. 81. 34 Industries engaged in recycling / 10 0 10 20 0 20 15 58.33 R-O Mainly air polluting and reprocessing/ recovery/reuse of hazardous waste Hazardous Waste under schedule iv of generating industry. Air HW( M, H& TBM) rules, 2008 - Items pollution & HW scores are namely - normalized to 100 Used Oil – As per specifications prescribed from time to time. 82. 34 Industries engaged in recycling / - - - 20 0 20 15 58.33 R-O Mainly air polluting and reprocessing/ recovery/reuse of hazardous waste Hazardous Waste under schedule iv of generating industry. Air HW( M, H& TBM) rules, 2008 - Items pollution & HW scores are namely - normalized to 100. Waste Oil ---As per specifications prescribed from time to time. 83. 56 Producer gas plant using conventional ------20 -- 20 15 58.33 O-O Mainly air polluting & tar (HW) up drift coal gasification ( linked to generating. SO2, CO, NOx are rolling mills glass and ceramic industry generated. Tar is the by- refectories for dedicated fuel supply) product and utilized by other industries in co-processing. Note : i. Under the column Revised Category, the full forms of the abbreviations are as follows : a. R-R means original category was Red and revised category is also Red b. R-O means original category was Red and revised category is Orange c. O-O means original category was Orange and revised category is also Orange d. O-G means original category was Orange and revised category is Green e. O-W means original category was Orange and revised category is White f. G-O means original category was Green and revised category is Orange g. G-G means original category was Green and revised category is also Green h. G-W means original category was Green and revised category is White

40 ii. There are specific remarks in respect of some of the industrial sectors. These sectors are either merged with other relevant sectors or deleted due to duplication / vague category. The overall details are as follows:

Sl Origin Industry Sector Original Remarks No al Sl Categor . No. y

1 24 Excavation of sand from the river bed (excluding O manual excavation) Since such types of activities cause ecological disturbances, the instructions issued by the government from time to time be followed. To be categorized by MoEF&CC. 2 39 Infrastructure Development Project O Vast variety of such projects come under such category. This is to be decided by the concerned SPCB in line of EIA Notification , 2006. 3 53 Power press O Very vague term hence deleted. Such types of general engineering units have already been covered.

Table G-4 : Final List of Green Category of Industrial Sectors

Sl. Orgnl Industry Sector W1 W2 W A1 A2 A H W+A+H Revised Remarks No. Sl. No. Category

1. 2 Aluminium utensils from ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Minor air pollution due aluminium circles by to some fugitive PM pressing only (dry emissions from buffing mechanical operation) operations. 2. 6 Ayurvedic and homeopathic 10 -- 10 ------25 G-G Small quantities of medicines (without boiler) waste-waters are generated from washing operations. 3. 8 Bakery /confectionery 10 -- 10 ------25 G-G Small quantities of /sweets products (with waste-waters are production capacity <1tpd generated from washing (with gas or electrical oven) operations. 4. 6 Bi-axially oriented PP film 10 -- 10 ------25 O-G Mainly extrusion along with metalizing process involving operations Cooling water recirculation 5. 10 Biomass briquettes (sun ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Minor air pollution due drying) without using toxic to some fugitive PM hazardous wastes emissions from pulverization / mixing operations. 6. 13 Blending of melamine resins ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Minor air pollution due & different powder, to some fugitive PM additives by physical mixing emissions from pulverization / mixing operations. 7. 15 Brass and bell metal utensils ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Minor air pollution due manufacturing from to some fugitive PM circles(dry mechanical emissions from buffing operation without re-rolling operations. facility) 8. 16 Candy 10 -- 10 10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Small quantities of waste-water and minor 42

PM emissions are generated. 9. 17 Cardboard or corrugated box ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G This score is valid with and paper products Small gas / electricity (excluding paper or pulp operated oven / furnace manufacturing and without for making glue. using boilers) 10. 18 Carpentry & wooden ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Minor air pollution due furniture manufacturing to some fugitive PM (excluding saw mill) with the emissions from cutting help of electrical (motorized) operations. machines such as electrical wood planner, steel saw cutting circular blade, etc. 11. 19 Cement products (without ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Minor air pollution due using asbestos / boiler / to some fugitive PM steam curing) like pipe emissions from mixing ,pillar, jafri, well ring, operations. block/tiles etc.(should be done in closed covered shed to control fugitive emissions) 12. 20 Ceramic colour ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Minor air pollution due manufacturing by mixing & to some fugitive PM blending only (not using emissions. boiler and wastewater recycling process) 13. 11 Chilling plant, cold storage 10 -- 10 ------25 O-G Cooling water and ice making recirculation only. 14. 13 Coke briquetting ( sun ------10 -- 10 -- 25 O-G Mainly air polluting drying) industry. Sources of air pollution (PM) are pulverizes and mixers. Air pollution score is normalized to 100. 15. 28 Cotton spinning and ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Minor PM emissions weaving (small scale) from spinning process. 16. 17 Dal Mills ------10 -- 10 -- 25 O-G Some fugitive emissions of PM.

17. 29 Decoration of ceramic cups ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Fumes of enamels. and plates by electric furnace Minor air pollution. 18. 19 Digital printing on PVC ------10 -- 10 -- 25 O-G Minor emissions / clothes odour generations are expected. 19. 25 Facility of handling, storage ------10 -- 10 -- 25 O-G Some fugitive emissions and transportation of food of PM during handling grains in bulk of grains. 20. 36 Flour mills (dry process) ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Fugitive dust emissions. 21. 41 Glass , ceramic, earthen ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Minor fugitive potteries, tile and tile emissions only. manufacturing using electrical kiln or not involving fossil fuel kiln

22. 34 Glue from starch (physical ------10 -- 10 -- 25 O-G Some fugitive emissions mixing) with gas / of PM during mixing of electrically operated oven raw materials. /boiler. 23. 42 Gold and silver smithy ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Minor fumes from (purification with acid cleaning process. smelting operation and sulphuric acid polishing operation) (using less or equal to 1 litre of sulphuric acid/ nitric acid per month) 24. 36 Heat treatment with any of 10 -- 10 10 -- 10 -- 25 O-G  Cooling waters and the new technology like minor heat fumes. ultrasound probe , induction  Finalization of hardening , ionization beam, categorization gas carburizing etc. subject to field verification. 25. 46 Insulation and other coated ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Minor fumes due to papers (excluding paper or application of poly- pipe manufacturing) urethane 26. 49 Leather foot wear and leather ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Minor fumes due to use products (excluding tanning of adhesives / gums. and hide processing except cottage scale) 44

27. 50 Lubricating oil, greases or ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Minor fumes at the time petroleum based products of transfers from one (only blending at normal container to other. temperature) 28. 54 Manufacturing of pasted ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G 1. Minor fumes due to veneers using gas fired boiler application of gums / or thermic fluid heater and adhesives / pastes etc. by sun drying 2. This score is valid only for gas fired boiler.3. The units having coal fired boilers shall be categorized as Orange. 29. 59 Oil mill Ghani and extraction 10 -- 10 ------25 G-G Small quantities of floor ( no hydrogenation / washings & equipments refining) washings are generated. 30. 48 Packing materials ------10 -- 10 -- 25 O-G Some fugitive emissions manufacturing from non of PM are expected. asbestos fibre, vegetable fibre yarn 31. 65 Phenyl/toilet cleaner ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Minor fumes of VOCs formulation and bottling in the work zone 32. 67 Polythene and plastic 10 -- 10 10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Cooling water & processed products emissions due to mixing manufacturing (virgin of raw materials. plastic) 33. 68 Poultry, Hatchery and ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Obnoxious odour Piggery containing H2S, CH4 etc. and fugitive PM emissions 34. 69 Power looms (without dye ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Minor emissions of PM. and bleaching) 35. 71 Puffed rice (muri) (using gas ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Minor emissions of PM. or electrical heating system) 36. 57 Pulverization of bamboo and ------10 -- 10 -- 25 O-G Some fugitive emissions scrap wood of PM are expected. 37. 72 Ready mix cement concrete ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G PM emissions. 38. 73 Reprocessing of waste cotton ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G PM emissions. 39. 60 Rice mill (Rice hullers only) ------10 -- 10 -- 25 O-G PM emissions are generated. Mainly air 45

polluting. AP score is normalized to 100 40. 62 Rolling mill ( gas fired) and 10 -- 10 10 -- 10 -- 25 O-G Mainly air polluting. AP cold rolling mill score is normalized to 100 41. 75 Rubber goods industry (with ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Some PM emissions and gas operated baby boiler) obnoxious odour. 42. 63 Saw mills ------10 -- 10 -- 25 O-G Mainly air polluting. PM and noise are generated. 43. 77 Soap manufacturing (hand 10 -- 10 ------25 G-G Small quantities of made without steam boiling waste-water are / boiler) generated. 44. 80 Spice grinding (upto-20 HP ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Small quantities of motor) fugitive emissions of raw materials. 45. 66 Spice grinding (>20 hp ------10 -- 10 -- 25 O-G Mainly air polluting. motor) Fugitive emissions of PM. 46. 81 Steel furniture without spray ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Obnoxious gases from painting welding as well as noise pollution. 47. 82 Steeping and processing of 10 -- 10 ------25 G-G Washing waters are grains generated. 48. 86 Tyres and tube retreating ------10 -- 10 -- 25 G-G Due to applications of (without boilers) binding gum / adhesives / cement, some obnoxious fumes may generate. 49. 22 Chilling plant and ice 12 -- 12 ------30 G-G Cooling water and brine making without using water circuits. Spillages ammonia / blow down may take place 50. 26 CO2 recovery 12 -- 12 ------30 G-G Normal water pollution from scrubbing action 51. 32 Distilled water ( without 12 -- 12 ------30 G-G TDS as distillation boiler) with electricity as residues source of heat

52. 45 Hotels (up to 20 rooms and 12 -- 12 ------30 G-G This score is valid for without boilers) hotels having overall waste-water generation less than 10 KLD. 53. 53 Manufacturing of optical 12 -- 12 ------30 G-G Small quantities of lenses (using electrical waste-waters containing furnace) TDS, SS are generated. 54. 58 Mineralized water 12 -- 12 ------30 G-G RO Rejects. 55. 68 Tamarind powder 12 -- 12 15 -- 15 -- 33.75 O-G  Dried tamarind fruits - manufacturing cleaned and after soaking them in water they are boiled in steam jacketed kettle for about 40-45 minutes. Then pulp is extracted in pulper and dried in drum type drier and on cooling, the final product is packed.  Generates small quantities of waste waters and air emissions. Joint score is normalized to 100. 56. 15 Cutting, sizing and polishing of 15 -- 15 ------37.5 O-G Mainly water polluting . marble stone Water pollution score is normalized to 100. 57. 22 Emery powder ( fine dust of ------15 -- 15 -- 37.5 O-G Air polluting. PM sand) manufacturing emissions take place during various stages of grindings of naturally occurring minerals. 58. 25 Flyash export, transport & - - - 15 - 15 - 37.5 R-G  This is mainly air disposal facilities polluting activity.  This is the normalized score based on air pollution. 59. 48 Mineral stack yard / Railway 15 - 15 15 - 15 - 37.5 R-G  Mainly air pollution sidings due to loading, unloading, storage and transportation of the minerals. 47

 Waste-water generation mainly during rains only. 60. 54 Oil and gas transportation - - - 10 5 15 - 37.5 R-G  Contains small gas pipeline based power plants up-to 5 MWs.  Air pollution score is normalized to 100.  In case , if these power plants are bigger / liquid fuel / oil based, scores will be calculated accordingly. 61. 64 Seasoning of wood in steam ------15 -- 15 -- 37.5 O-G Air pollution due to use heated chamber boiler for supply of steam. Air pollution score is normalized to 100. 62. 84 Synthetic detergent ------15 -- 15 -- 37.5 G-G  This score is valid for formulation the industries which are not manufacturing LABSA. It is procured from outside.  Small quantities of emissions are generated from mini boiler.  Air pollution score is normalized to 100. 63. 69 Tea processing ( with boiler) ------15 -- 15 -- 37.5 O-G With boiler, it is an orange category industry. Without boiler, it will be green category industry.

Note :

i. Under the column Revised Category, the full forms of the abbreviations are as follows : a. R-R means original category was Red and revised category is also Red b. R-O means original category was Red and revised category is Orange c. O-O means original category was Orange and revised category is also Orange d. O-G means original category was Orange and revised category is Green e. O-W means original category was Orange and revised category is White f. G-O means original category was Green and revised category is Orange g. G-G means original category was Green and revised category is also Green h. G-W means original category was Green and revised category is White

Sl Origin Industry Sector Original Remarks No al Sl Categor . No. y

1 47 Jobbing and Machining G Vague category to be deleted, as such activities have already been covered in other categories. 2 66 Reel manufacturing G Already covered in other categories. Hence, deleted 3 1 Assembling of acid lead batteries (up to 10 batteries per G Already covered in Orange category. Hence, deleted day excluding lead plate casting) 4 5 Automobile fuel outlets (only dispensing) G Minor air pollution due to some fugitive emissions during fuel filling operations. May be exempted from the purview of Consent management. 5 30 Diesel generator sets (15 KVA to 1 MVA) G  Normal operation – 12 hrs a day.  Consumption of diesel = 1680 litres for 1 MVA DG set at full load @ 0.21 litres / KVA / hr.  Stand-alone DG Sets having total capacity 1 MVA or less and equipped with acoustic enclosures alongwith adequate stack height may be exempted from the purview of Consent management. Higher capacity DG sets have already been covered under Red / Orange categories .

Table G-5: Final List of White Category of Industries

Sl. Orgnl Industry Sector W1 W2 W A1 A2 A H W+A+H Revised No. Sl. No. Category

1. 3 Assembly of air coolers /conditioners ------G-W ,repairing and servicing 2. 4 Assembly of bicycles ,baby carriages and ------G-W other small non motorizing vehicles 3. 7 Bailing (hydraulic press)of waste papers ------G-W 4. 9 Bio fertilizer and bio-pesticides without using ------G-W inorganic chemicals 5. 11 Biscuits trays etc from rolled PVC sheet (using ------G-W automatic vacuum forming machines) 6. 12 Blending and packing of tea ------G-W 7. 14 Block making of printing without foundry ------G-W (excluding wooden block making) 8. 21 Chalk making from plaster of Paris ( only ------G-W casting without boilers etc. ( sun drying / electrical oven) 9. 25 Compressed oxygen gas from crude liquid ------G-W oxygen ( without use of any solvents and by maintaining pressure & temperature only for separation of other gases) 10. 27 Cotton and woolen hosiers making ( Dry ------G-W process only without any dying / washing operation) 11. 31 Diesel pump repairing and servicing ( ------G-W complete mechanical dry process) 12. 33 Electric lamp ( bulb) and CFL manufacturing ------G-W by assembling only

13. 34 Electrical and electronic item assembling ( ------G-W completely dry process) 14. 23 Engineering and fabrication units (dry process ------O-W without any heat treatment / metal surface finishing operations / painting) 15. 35 Flavoured betel nuts production/ grinding ( ------G-W completely dry mechanical operations) 16. 37 Fly ash bricks/ block manufacturing ------G-W 17. 38 Fountain pen manufacturing by assembling ------G-W only 18. 39 Glass ampules and vials making from glass ------G-W tubes 19. 40 Glass putty and sealant ( by mixing with ------G-W machine only) 20. 43 Ground nut decorticating ------G-W 21. 44 Handloom/ carpet weaving ( without dying ------G-W and bleaching operation) 22. 48 Leather cutting and stitching (more than 10 ------G-W machine and using motor) 23. 51 Manufacturing of coir items from coconut ------G-W husks 24. 52 Manufacturing of metal caps containers etc ------G-W 25. 55 Manufacturing of shoe brush and wire brush ------G-W 26. 57 Medical oxygen ------G-W 27. 60 Organic and inorganic nutrients ( by physical ------G-W mixing) 28. 61 Organic manure (manual mixing) ------G-W 29. 63 Packing of powdered milk ------G-W 30. 64 Paper pins and u clips ------G-W 31. 58 Repairing of electric motors and generators ( ------O-W dry mechanical process) 32. 74 Rope (plastic and cotton) ------G-W

33. 76 Scientific and mathematical instrument ------G-W manufacturing 34. 78 Solar module non conventional energy ------G-W apparatus manufacturing unit 35. 79 Solar power generation through solar ------G-W photovoltaic cell, wind power and mini hydel power (less than 25 MW) 36. 83 Surgical and medical products assembling ------G-W only (not involving effluent / emission generating processes)

Note : Under the column Revised Category, the full forms of the abbreviations are as follows :

a. R-R means original category was Red and revised category is also Red b. R-O means original category was Red and revised category is Orange c. O-O means original category was Orange and revised category is also Orange d. O-G means original category was Orange and revised category is Green e. O-W means original category was Orange and revised category is White f. G-O means original category was Green and revised category is Orange g. G-G means original category was Green and revised category is also Green h. G-W means original category was Green and revised category is White

Annexure

T|aNerq {rq I|-{rrr fr-'{qrT rTs-€FT RAJASTHAN STATE POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD *e, sranr ritrei, wags 4, d{artfir qitr:. tptq {.: srotezr,st otazz, €QSYffi 515s6005159699 5159694-97

OFFICE ORDER

ofRajasthan vide notification The Depadment of Environment,-t-he 'nuj Government water (Prevenrion and conrrol of .05 .2016 has amenoeJ urthun dated 26 Pollution) Rules' pi'iri,,r"iinrrJi,'r9is and na.;as*an Air'(prevention.and conrol of -ilih; inserted and the industries said nolification white category have been i;il. consent to establish and consent in white category are not requirid io obtain mentioned S' No' 35 ,rt. pro"ui,iont oiufo'"m"ntion"d Acts & Rules' At "saltr i"""p"t"L,*a"t also been ihrouglt Photovokuic cel! and wintt Power" has Trti"fir"iiitii under the said Acts and Rules' exempted from obtaining conseni to establish'/operate which intends to Therefore, any industry (irrespective of category) power plants install/establish solar pnoto-voliaic tased solar "i,t:f ::f:tll^:tln:l ;;;';;t.,G premises for captive use- are exempted t9* "i*'.1.l19-:.?:::ii: Acts and Rules' Howeveq tf jh-* lri"tr"il"t"i",!'""a"rL" "r"t.llt"tioned th: :*:t:l ffiffil"il;; ii"*oli"'-"t enclosed) before commissio"hg,:f :11t ::d^^tll ofthe industry/plant dW increase in capital investment to' te incruded the. ov:rill tnu!'oT":1IEffiTIf;; p"*- or*t iiii ii plant' i""r""ir" .rir'uirihioperut. will be levied as per existing category ofthe main

This bears the approval olthe competenl authority' yours sincerery

tr c.e.],fr{n-Prasaal Member Secretary

F-rzrpsc-l)/RPCBtcentllLO 3tt9 oate:5:fu)12 Coov"i. to following for inf6rmation and necessary action:- p.S. to Chui.person, RSPCB, Jaipur' Sr. P.A. to Member Secretary' RSPCB' Jaipur' 2. Accounts Officer' 3. Chief Environment engineerictrief Scieniific Officer/Chief RSPCB, JaiPur. CD-SCMCI C."tp i".f't"rge CPM/MinesiSWMC/HOPiTextiles/Hazardous/ +. c/ pSClbCCnaU rD/EC/VTR/Bio-MedicallPlanning/ IT&DF/Adm'/Plasti JaiPur' -n""gio"uiLegal/RSPCB' -s. Otdc"r, RSpCe, Jaipu' (South)l Jaipur0'lorth)/Alwar/ BhiwadV eaiotryehafipur/Bhilwara,/Bikaner/Jodhpur/Pali/Chittorgarh/Kota'/ Kishangrah /Sikar fu daiPur' to upload the order on Board's S/A;n RSPaB, Juipu., with the dilection website. t^ (p tut"*t", sX*y *"A \o "\"r' r{t} lo Member Secretary, Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board, Jaipur.

power plants in Sub:' Intimation regarding installation ofsolar photo voltaic based the existing Premises of N4/s . ait photo voltaic based With reference to above, it is to inform you that a solar esiablished in power plant of ...,. MW capacity has been established/proposed to be use' The total oapital ihe oremises of M/s...... :...... "...... for captiVe .... N4W solar t;6;; incurred/proposed to be inc'rred on the installation of includes the cost photovoltaic based powir plant is Rs..."'"'"' '"' "''Laos which for i"iai"gl pt*t unO machinery/miscellaneous fixed assets' The fees ifl""al per t" estabjish applicable on this additional capital investment' as the paid by us ar the time of obtaining consent to "r.*"iiieuuiting notification hasl will be ooerate for our...... pIant

Yours TmlY

Authorized signatory

N4/s...... ANNEXURE 2 ADB Prohibited List of Activities

ANNEXURE 3 Filled-in Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklists Along with the Environmental Categorization Form

ENVIRONMENTAL: SOLAR 1

Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist

Country: India

Subproject Title: Bhadla 1 -70MW and Bhadla 2- 70 MW Capacity Solar Power Project (s) at Bhadla Solar Park Phase II, Jodhpur District, Rajasthan State

DATE:: June - 2017

Screening Questions Ye No Remarks s A. Project Siting The Project site spread over an area of Is the Project area adjacent to or within any of the 346 acres for each unit of 70 MW following environmentally sensitive areas? capacity located in Jodhpur District, Rajasthan based on Poly Crystalline Silicon (C-Si) technology. Physical cultural heritage site

√ Located in or near to legally protected area √

Located in or near to special habitats for biodiversity No physical cultural heritage site, legally √ (modified or natural habitats) protected area, special habitats for biodiversity, ecologically sensitive Wetland areas, wetlands, mangroves or √ estuaries or coastal areas are located Mangrove within 10 Km radius of the Project site. √

Estuarine √

Offshore (marine) √

B. Potential Environmental Impacts Will the Project cause… large scale land disturbance and land use impacts The project development has caused no specially due to diversion of productive lands? impacts as the land has been allotted to the developer by the Rajasthan Solar √ Park Development Agency under the state government and free from all encumbrances. involuntary resettlement of people? (physical There are no known involuntary displacement and/or economic displacement) resettlement of people as a result of this √ project. However, this is being separately assessed by Social Safeguards Specialist. disproportionate impacts on the poor, women and No disproportionate impacts on the children, Indigenous Peoples or other vulnerable poor, women and children are groups? anticipated as a result of this project. √ However, this is being separately assessed by Social Safeguards Specialist.

Screening Questions Ye No Remarks s noise, vibration and dust from construction The construction of project does not activities? warrant large scale earth work √ excavation and/or filling activities, which may lead to dust, noise and other related impacts. an increase in local traffic during construction? Limited to construction phase only for the transportation of construction √ materials, plant and machinery required for erection of the Plant. environmental disturbances such as soil erosion, The environmental disturbances will be land contamination, water quality deterioration, air almost insignificant as the construction pollution, noise and vibrations during construction and erection of proposed solar power phase? project will not involve any major civil works and all construction related √ impacts can be mitigated/controlled through site specific management measures. Moreover, there are no human settlements within 1 Km radius of project site. aesthetic degradation and property value loss due There is no existing human settlement to establishment of plant and ancillary facilities? within 1-2 Km radius of Project location.

√ Therefore, aesthetic degradation and

property loss due to project are not anticipated changes in flow regimes of the water intake from The project does not involve any surface water or underground wells due to changes to surface water flow regimes. abstraction for cooling purposes? The water requirements of the project, for periodic cleaning of panels will be met through the fresh water sourced from water treatment plant installed within the solar park by The Solar Park √ Development Agency.

Whereas, water required during construction will be sourced from tube wells constructed within subproject site as well as from nearby existing tube wells using water tankers. pollution of water bodies and aquatic ecosystem from wastewater treatment plant, from cooling The project does not generate any √ towers, and wash-water during operation? polluted or liquid waste effluents.

SOLAR ENERGY

Screening Questions Ye No Remarks s a threat to bird or bat life from colliding with the Not relevant as the solar panels does project facilities and/or being burned by not cause any such impacts. concentrated solar rays? Further, there are no Bird Sanctuaries, Wild life Sanctuaries or National Parks or densely forested areas, which √ support avain fauna within a radius of 10 km.

Consultations with the personnel of the solar park project has not observed any such fatalities industrial liquid (dielectric fluids, cleaning agents, and solvents) and solid wastes (lubricating oils, compressor oils, and hydraulic fluids) generated Not relevant √ during construction and operations likely to pollute land and water resources?

Soil/water contamination due to use of hazardous materials or disposal of broken or damaged solar cells (photovoltaic technologies contain small √ Not relevant amounts of cadmium, selenium and arsenic) during installation, operation and decommissioning?

noise disturbance during operation due to the No settlements are located within a proximity of settlements or other features? radius of 1 Kms from the Project site. √ Also, the Project site does not have major plant & machinery, causing significant noise and vibrations. visual impacts due to reflection from solar collector Not significant as there are no human arrays resulting in glint or glare? √ settlements in and around the proposed site within a radius of1 km. large population influx during project construction None. On the contrary local people and operation that causes increased burden on have got employment and business social infrastructure and services (such as water opportunities during construction phase. supply and sanitation systems)? For its operations phase, local people will be hired for watch and ward and √ other miscellaneous manpower requirements of subproject.

The social safeguards due diligence will address this aspect with more details. social conflicts between local laborers and those This issue is not anticipated as all from outside the area? labour will be sourced locally and this √ project, in any case will not require labour in large numbers for prolonged periods. risks and vulnerabilities related to occupational health and safety due to physical, chemical, The project will have an EHS plan to biological, and radiological hazards during cover construction, operation and √ construction, installation, operation, and decommission phases of the Project to decommission? handle all risks and vulnerabilities.

Screening Questions Ye No Remarks s risks to community health and safety due to the The project will have a EHS plan to transport, storage, and use and/or disposal of cover construction, operation and materials and wastes such as explosives, fuel and √ decommission phases of the Project to other chemicals during construction, and handle all risks to community health and operation? safety issues. community safety risks due to both accidental and Not anticipated. All the structural natural causes, especially where the structural components, plant and machinery of the elements or components of the project are project will be transported to the project accessible to members of the affected community site in a well packaged and dismantled or where their failure could result in injury to the condition and will be assembled within community throughout project construction, the project site. operation and decommissioning? √ During the operation or de-commission stages, local community will have not unauthorized access to project site, which will be totally under watch and ward fenced asset. In any case, no human settlements are located within a radius of 1 km from the project site.

SOLAR ENERGY

A Checklist for Preliminary Climate Risk Screening

Country: India Project Title: Bhadla 1 -70MW and Bhadla 2- 70 MW Capacity Solar Power Project (s) at Bhadla Solar Park Phase II, Jodhpur District, Rajasthan State Sector: Renewable Energy Subsector: Solar Power Generation Division/Department: Energy Division, South Asia Department

Screening Questions Score Remarks1

Not applicable to this Project. 0 The site is not located in a flood prone or land slide area. Is siting and/or routing of the project (or Although, the project region, its components) likely to be affected by reportedly will experience a few climate conditions including extreme dust storms, every year. weather related events such as floods, Location and However, no losses to civil droughts, storms, landslides? Design of structures or property loss or project natural calamity has occurred as a result of dust storms. Would the project design (e.g. the All Civil Structures within the clearance for bridges) need to consider 0 Project site are designed for any hydro-meteorological parameters wind load/speed and (e.g., sea-level, peak river flow, reliable Earthquake resistant design. water level, peak wind speed etc)?

1 The variations in the climatic conditions like extent of cloud cover, or sun shine, dust storms Would weather, current and likely future will have bearing on capacity climate conditions (e.g. prevailing utilization factor (CUF) of the humidity level, temperature contrast Project. However, the Project between hot summer days and cold design considers all such data winter days, exposure to wind and and variations (based on humidity hydro-meteorological Materials and historical database) as well as parameters likely affect the selection of actual measurements at project Maintenance project inputs over the life of project site and therefore any such outputs (e.g. construction material)? changes/variations are deemed to be already considered in the project.

Would weather, current and likely future Not likely all the known climate conditions, and related extreme historical variations /extreme events likely affect the maintenance 0 conditions will be considered in (scheduling and cost) of project scheduling sand costing of the

1 If possible, provide details on the sensitivity of project components to climate conditions, such as how climate parameters are considered in design standards for infrastructure components, how changes in key climate parameters and sea level might affect the siting/routing of project, the selection of construction material and/or scheduling, performances and/or the maintenance cost/scheduling of project outputs.

output(s)? project The variations in the climatic 1 conditions like extent of cloud cover, or sun shine, dust storms will have bearing on capacity utilization factor (CUF) of the Would weather/climate conditions, and Project. However, the Project related extreme events likely affect the design considers all such data Performance of performance (e.g. annual power and variations (based on project outputs production) of project output(s) (e.g. historical database) as well as hydro-power generation facilities) actual measurements at project throughout their design life time? site and therefore any such changes/variations are deemed to be already considered in the project. Not likely for the reasons mentioned above

Options for answers and corresponding score are provided below: Response Score Not Likely 0 Likely 1 Very Likely 2 Responses when added that provide a score of 0 will be considered low risk project. If adding all responses will result to a score of 1-4 and that no score of 2 was given to any single response, the project will be assigned a medium risk category. A total score of 5 or more (which include providing a score of 1 in all responses) or a 2 in any single response, will be categorized as high risk project. Result of Initial Screening (Low, Medium, High): √ Medium

The project will be located at a location favorable for solar power generation. There is medium level of risk associated with the project, due to the dependence on natural resource.

Prepared by: HARI PRAKASH, Environmental Specialist ADB TA Consultant

ENVIRONMENTAL / SOCIAL CATEGORIZATION FORM

A. Instructions

The project team completes and submits this form to the Environment and Social Safeguard Unit (ESSU) for endorsement and for approval by the Chief Compliance Officer (CCO). The classification of a project is a continuing process. If there is a change in the project components or/and site that may result in category change, the concerned unit must submit a new form and requests for recategorization, and endorsement by ESSU. The old form is attached for reference. The project team indicates if the project requires broad community support (BCS) of tribal peoples communities. BCS is required when project activities involve (a) commercial development of the cultural resources and knowledge of indigenous peoples, (b) physical displacement from traditional or customary lands; and (c) commercial development of natural resources within customary lands under use that would impact the livelihoods or the cultural, ceremonial, or spiritual use that define the identity and community of indigenous peoples.

B. Project Data

Borrower: Rising Sun Energy Private Limited Financing Amount:

Technology: Address/Contact: Poly Crystalline Silicon

C. Subject

 Environment  Involuntary Resettlement  Indigenous (Tribal) People C. Categorization

 New  Re-categorization ― Previous Category

 Category A  Category B  Category C D. Basis for Categorization/ Recategorization (pls. attach documents):

[√ ] Checklist and Type of Check List: Filled in REA Checklist [√ ] Project and/or Site Description: Brief write up on the observations made during the visit to Project site along with applicable Country Regulatory required materials are given in Annexure-1. [ ] Other (e.g., due diligence): ______

E. Comments Technical Team: the project will not have any ESSU Comments: The project has limited adverse impact on the environment, flora and fauna environmental impacts which can be mitigated of the region through appropriate measures. F. Approval Proposed by: Endorsed by:

Technical Team Leader: HARI PRAKASH Head, ESSU: KHEKIHO YEPTHO

Date: Date:

Endorsed by: ADB Approved by (Optional): Concurrence

Director of Technical Compliance Officer (if different)

Date: Date:

ANNEXURE 4 Copy of ESIA Report

ESIA Report: 70 MW Solar PV Project at Bhadla Solar Park, Rajasthan by Rising Bhadla 1 Pvt. Ltd. 1

Environmental & Social Impact Assessment Report for 70 MW Solar PV Project at Bhadla Solar Park, Jodhpur District, Rajasthan

Prepared for: Prepared by: Rising Sun Energy Private Limited, M/s Gensol Engineering Pvt. Ltd, S-18, Second Floor, 108, Pinnacle Business Park, Green Park Extension, Corporate Road, Prahladnagar, Delhi. Ahmedabad-380015, Gujarat.

ESIA Report: 70 MW Solar PV Project at Bhadla Solar Park, Rajasthan by Rising Bhadla 1 Pvt. Ltd. 2

Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 6

PROJECT AT A GLANCE ...... 6

GRID CONNECTIVITY ...... 7

CATEGORY OF THE PROJECT ...... 7

ESIA SUMMARY ...... 7 1. PROJECT DETAILS ...... 8

1.1 PROJECT DEVELOPER ...... 8

1.2 PROJECT DETAILS ...... 8 2. PROJECT JUSTIFICATION ...... 11

2.1 INDIAN RENEWABLE ENERGY SCENARIO ...... 11

2.2 RENEWABLE ENERGY SCENARIO OF RAJASTHAN STATE ...... 12

2.3 RAJASTHAN STATE SOLAR POLICY ...... 13

2.4 SOLAR RADIATION PROFILE OF THE SITE ...... 14

2.5 SEISMIC ZONE PROFILE OF THE SITE...... 15

2.6 SOIL TYPE AT THE LOCATION ...... 16

2.7 BENEFITS FROM THE PROJECT ...... 17 3. ESIA STUDY ...... 18

3.1 NEED FOR ESIA STUDY ...... 18

3.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE ESIA STUDY ...... 18

3.3 METHODOLOGY AND APPROACH FOR ESIA STUDY ...... 18

3.4 LEGAL POLICIES & ACTS ...... 19

3.5 ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL IMPACT & MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP) ...... 20

3.6 STRUCTURE OF THE ESIA REPORT ...... 21 4. LEGAL POLICIES & INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ...... 23

4.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 23

4.2 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ...... 23

4.3 DETAILED FRAMEWORK PROCESS OF ADB’S ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ASSESSMENT ...... 23

4.4 LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK ...... 27

ESIA Report: 70 MW Solar PV Project at Bhadla Solar Park, Rajasthan by Rising Bhadla 1 Pvt. Ltd. 3

4.5 ENVIRONMENT HEALTH & SAFETY (EHS) POLICY ...... 33 5. EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL CONDITION OF THE PROJECT LOCATION ...... 35

5.1 ENVIRONMENTAL SOCIAL PARAMETERS OF THE SITE ...... 35

5.2 LAND ...... 36

5.3 WATER AVAILABILITY...... 36

5.4 WASTE WATER TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL SYSTEM ...... 36

5.5 TOPOGRAPHY, SOIL CONDITIONS AND LAND USE ...... 37

5.6 CLIMATIC CONDITIONS ...... 37

5.6 DEMOGRAPHICS ...... 40 6. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ...... 41

6.1 DO NOTHING SCENARIO ...... 41

6.2 SITE ALTERNATIVE ...... 41

6.3 PRODUCTION METHODOLOGY ALTERNATIVE ...... 42

6.4 TECHNOLOGY ALTERNATIVE ...... 42 7. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 43

7.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 43

7.2 POTENTIAL IMPACT GENERATION ACTIVITIES ...... 43

7.3 IMPACTS DURING PLANNING AND DESIGN PHASE ...... 44

7.4 IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE ...... 44

7.5 IMPACT DURING OPERATION PHASE ...... 53

7.6 IMPACTS DURING DECOMMISSIONING PHASE ...... 55

7.7 SOCIAL IMPACTS ...... 56 8. ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 58

8.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 58

8.2 ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PROCESS ...... 58

8.3 ENVIRONMENT & SOCIAL MANAGEMENT CELL ...... 58

8.4 LABOUR DEPLOYMENT AND LABOUR CAMP MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 59

8.5 WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN SCOPE & PURPOSE OF THE PLAN ...... 61

8.6 SAFETY & EMERGENCY PLAN ...... 62

ESIA Report: 70 MW Solar PV Project at Bhadla Solar Park, Rajasthan by Rising Bhadla 1 Pvt. Ltd. 4

8.7 SAFETY AWARENESS AMONG WORKERS/EMPLOYEES ...... 62

8.8 SAFETY REVIEW CHECK LIST ...... 62

8.9 FIRE FIGHTING ARRANGEMENT ...... 63

8.10 IN-HOUSE SAFETY RULES AND PLAN ...... 63

8.11 CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM (CDM) ...... 67 9. GRIEVANCE REDRESSAL MECHANISM ...... 68

9.1 COMMUNICATION WITH CONTRACTOR STAFF: ...... 68 10. PUBLIC CONSULTATION, PARTICIPATION & DISCLOSURE ...... 70 11. CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION ...... 71

ESIA Report: 70 MW Solar PV Project at Bhadla Solar Park, Rajasthan by Rising Bhadla 1 Pvt. Ltd. 5

List of Figures

Figure 1: Project Location ...... 10 Figure 2: Renewable Energy Installation in India ...... 11 Figure 3: Growth of Solar Generation Capacity ...... 12 Figure 4: Installed capacity of power utilities in Rajasthan ...... 12 Figure 5: Solar radiation profile ...... 14 Figure 6: Seismic zone profile ...... 15 Figure 7: Soil Profile of the Site ...... 16 Figure 8: Rainfall profile of Jodhpur District ...... 37 Figure 9: Wind Speed profile of the Site ...... 38 Figure 10: Temperature profile of the Site ...... 38 Figure 11: Temperature map of India ...... 39 Figure 12: Demographic map of India ...... 40 Figure 13: Rest Rooms at the Site for labours ...... 60 Figure 14: Drinking Water Facility at the Site ...... 61 Figure 15: Scrap Yard at the Site ...... 61 Figure 16: Emergency Safety Measures ...... 64 Figure 17: Training to the workers ...... 65 Figure 18: Firefighting equipments and training ...... 66

List of Tables

Table 1: Details of the Project ...... 6 Table 2 Key Environment Legislation ...... 29 Table 3 Identification of Activities & Probable Impacts (Construction Phase) ...... 44 Table 4: Identification of Activities and Probable Impacts (O&M) ...... 53

ESIA Report: 70 MW Solar PV Project at Bhadla Solar Park, Rajasthan by Rising Bhadla 1 Pvt. Ltd. 6

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) Limited, under the Government of India (GoI) had invited bids for setting up 420 MW solar PV power projects in Bhadla Phase II Solar Park, Jodhpur District, Rajasthan under NSM Phase II Batch II Tranche I. In response to this, M/S Rising Sun Energy Private Limited (RSEPL) had submitted a successful bid for development of this 70 MW capacity solar PV project, which is being developed by the subsidiary, M/S Rising Bhadla 1 Private Limited (RBPL 1). M/S RESPL has appointed Gensol Engineering Private Limited (GEPL) as an independent third party to do Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) study for this project.

Project at a Glance

Table 1: Details of the Project

Proposed Capacity 70 MW/87.5 MWp Proposed Location Location: Bhadla Solar Park, Phase II (Plot 1) Village: Bhadla District: Jodhpur State: Rajasthan Proposed Site Coordinates Latitude: 27.500564° N Longitude:71.923564° E Annual Global Horizontal Irradiation 2025.00 kWh/m1 (GHI) 2 Annual Global Tilt Irradiation (GTI) 2090.00 kWh/m Land available ~346 acres (140 hectares) Pooling Substation (PSS) 132/220 kV PSS inside the solar park Solar PV Technology Poly C-Si Technology Module Make/Capacity Jinko Solar/320 Wp (JKM 320PP-72-2016)

1 Meteonorm 7.1 2 Meteonorm 7.1

ESIA Report: 70 MW Solar PV Project at Bhadla Solar Park, Rajasthan by Rising Bhadla 1 Pvt. Ltd. 7

PV System Mounting Structure Seasonal tilt adjustment (68 MW ac/85 MWp dc) Summer tilt - 5° Winter tilt - 30° Single Axis Tracker (2 MW ac/2.5 MWp dc) Tilted axis: -45° to + 45°

Inverters Make/Capacity ABB/1000 kW (PVS800-57-1000kW-C) – 70 Nos.

Grid Connectivity The evacuated power will be connected to 132/220 kV pooling substation inside the solar park. Land The land area allotted for the development of this 70 MW project is approximately over 140 hectares (346 acres) in Plot 1 of Bhadla Solar Park.

Category of the Project As per the Asian Development Bank (ADB)’s classification of projects3 under Category ‘A’, ‘B’ & ‘C’, this proposed solar power project is more closely aligned to ‘Category B’ project due to its limited adverse social or environmental impacts which are limited to site-specific, largely reversible and readily addressed through mitigation measures.

ESIA Summary An environment and social analysis had been carried out looking at various criteria such as topology, air, noise, water resources and water quality, ecology, demography of the area, climate and natural habitat, community and employee health and safety etc. The study infers that most impacts are expected to occur during the construction phase and are considered to be of a temporary in nature. From this perspective, the project is expected to have a small environmental footprint. Hence, the proposed project has limited adverse environmental and social impact which can be mitigated through the Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) and shall be pollution free renewable source of power.

3 http://www.audit.gov.cn/web734/n737/c83606/part/44526.pdf

ESIA Report: 70 MW Solar PV Project at Bhadla Solar Park, Rajasthan by Rising Bhadla 1 Pvt. Ltd. 8

1. PROJECT DETAILS 1.1 Project Developer Rising Bhadla 1 Private Limited4 Rising Group is a private incorporated in September 2014. The company is working on mission mode in the field of renewable energy, particularly solar, to create a portfolio of 1000 MW of solar energy generation by 2020 in grid connected , captive , rooftop & off grid installations cumulatively and also foray into setting up of R&D facility in India in collaboration with global partners. The people at the company are of the opinion that solar energy is the only alternative, specifically in India, for future energy requirements. They setup grid connected utility scale projects, by entering into a PPA with the state or central authorities for a long term period. They also undertake project consultancy from the very nascent stages of the project execution and help in achieving the completion of the project in time-efficient and cost-effective manner. M/S Rising Bhadla 1 Private Limited (RBPL 1) is a wholly owned subsidiary of M/S RSEPL for implementing this proposed 70 MW project.

1.2 Project Details

4 http://www.risingsunenergy.in/about_our_company.html 5 Meteonorm 7.1 6 Meteonorm 7.1

ESIA Report: 70 MW Solar PV Project at Bhadla Solar Park, Rajasthan by Rising Bhadla 1 Pvt. Ltd. 9

Pooling Substation (PSS) 132/220 kV PSS inside the solar park Solar PV Technology Poly C-Si Technology Module Make/Capacity Jinko Solar/320 Wp (JKM 320PP-72-2016) PV System Mounting Structure Seasonal tilt adjustment (68 MW ac/85 MWp dc) Summer tilt - 5° Winter tilt - 30° Single Axis Tracker (2 MW ac/2.5 MWp dc) Tilted axis: -45° to + 45° Inverters Make/Capacity ABB/1000 kW (PVS800-57-1000kW-C) – 70 Nos. Connectivity Nearest State Highway: SH 40 (~25 km) Nearest National Highway: NH 15 (~50 km) Nearest railway Station: Phalodi Railway Station (~60 km) Nearest Airport: Phalodi Airport (~63 km) Climatic Data Average Max. Temperature: 36.10° C (June) Average Min. Temperature: 13.70° C (January)

Average Temperature : 26.55° C Average Wind Speed: 1.6 m/s Water availability Indira Gandhi Nahar canal(~7 km)

ESIA Report: 70 MW Solar PV Project at Bhadla Solar Park, Rajasthan by Rising Bhadla 1 Pvt. Ltd. 10

Figure 1: Project Location

ESIA Report: 70 MW Solar PV Project at Bhadla Solar Park, Rajasthan by Rising Bhadla 1 Pvt. Ltd. 11

2. PROJECT JUSTIFICATION

2.1 Indian Renewable Energy Scenario The Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) is a major initiative of the Government of India with active participation from States to promote ecologically sustainable growth while addressing India’s energy security challenge. The mission has set a target, amongst others, for deployment of grid connected solar power capacity of 100 GW by 2022 and is planned to be implemented in three phases with phase-1 by 2013, phase-2 by 2017 and phase 3 by 2022. Renewables in India includes small hydro power, bio power (biomass power and waste to energy), solar and wind energy. As per latest records of MNRE, solar is second highest renewable source of energy with 8083.17 MW7 of installed capacity in India as on August 2016.

Achievements of Renewable Energy Power Projects in India (MW)

30000.00 27674.55

25000.00

20000.00

15000.00

10000.00 8083.17

4310.35 4882.33 5000.00 115.08 0.00 Small Hydro Wind Power Bio-Power Waste to power Solar Power Power

Figure 2: Renewable Energy Installation in India

7 http://mnre.gov.in/mission-and-vision-2/achievements/

ESIA Report: 70 MW Solar PV Project at Bhadla Solar Park, Rajasthan by Rising Bhadla 1 Pvt. Ltd. 12

Growth of Solar Generating Capacity (MW)

9000 during 12th plan 8000 8083.17 7000

6000 5775.571 5000 4680.808 4000 3000 2631.93 2000 1686.44 1000 941.31 0 2.12 2.12 6 32.39

Figure 3: Growth of Solar Generation Capacity

Development of this project will add on to the renewable energy capacity of the country. 2.2 Renewable Energy Scenario of Rajasthan State Notably, out of the total installed capacity of power utilities in Rajasthan, contribution of renewable energy sources is about 30% including hydropower which is very encouraging and provides good haven for attracting investor energy.

Installed Capacity of Power Utilities in Rajasthan (MW) 12000.00 10225.75 10000.00

8000.00

6000.00 5425.20

4000.00 1729.49 2000.00 573.00 0.00 Thermal Hydro RES Nuclear

Figure 4: Installed capacity of power utilities in Rajasthan

ESIA Report: 70 MW Solar PV Project at Bhadla Solar Park, Rajasthan by Rising Bhadla 1 Pvt. Ltd. 13

2.3 Rajasthan State Solar Policy Rajasthan receives maximum solar radiation intensity with very low average rainfall and also has unutilized low cost desert land available in abundance. To tap the potential of the emerging revolution in solar energy and to leverage advantage from the JNNSM launched by Government of India, the State has come up with a Solar Policy, Rajasthan Solar Policy 2011 which was reviewed in 2014 and came into operation from October 2014. 2.3.1 Vision

To reduce the dependence on conventional sources of energy by promoting the development of non- conventional energy sources and most important, solar power thereby enabling the State in attaining self-sufficiency in its energy needs. 2.3.2 Objectives

 Developing a centralised hub of solar power of 25000 MW capacity to meet energy requirement of the State.  Contributing to long term energy security of the State as well as ecological security by reduction in carbon emission.  Providing a long term sustainable solution for meeting energy needs and considerably reducing dependence on depleting fossil fuel resouces like coal, oil and gas.  Generating direct and indirect employment opportunities in all activities related to the generation of solar power.  Envisaging a solar center of excellence that would work towards applied research and commercialization of nascent technologies to accelerate the march to grid parity. 2.3.3 Nodal Agency

Rajasthan Renewable Energy Corporation Limited (RREC) acts as Nodal Agency for clearance of projects:  Registration of projects.  Approval of projects.  Facilitating allotment of government land.  Facilitating approval of power evacuation plan and allocation of bays, etc.

ESIA Report: 70 MW Solar PV Project at Bhadla Solar Park, Rajasthan by Rising Bhadla 1 Pvt. Ltd. 14

 Facilitating execution of PPA with DISCOMs of Rajasthan.  Accreditation and recommending the solar power project for registration with Central Agency under Renewable Energy Certificate (REC) mechanism.

2.4 Solar Radiation Profile of the Site The proposed site has average solar insolation of nearly 5.5-6.0 kWh/m². Hence, more energy generation can be captured from the Solar PV plant.

Figure 5: Solar radiation profile

ESIA Report: 70 MW Solar PV Project at Bhadla Solar Park, Rajasthan by Rising Bhadla 1 Pvt. Ltd. 15

2.5 Seismic zone profile of the Site The proposed site lies in Zone-ll (Least active) which is least prone to earthquakes. Hence, the selected location will be more stable for in housing the solar PV plant.

Figure 6: Seismic zone profile

ESIA Report: 70 MW Solar PV Project at Bhadla Solar Park, Rajasthan by Rising Bhadla 1 Pvt. Ltd. 16

2.6 Soil type at the location The proposed site has desertic soil which has silty sand with gravels and is scantly used for vegetation. Hence, the proposed land is feasible and the soil is good for the development of solar project.

Figure 7: Soil Profile of the Site

ESIA Report: 70 MW Solar PV Project at Bhadla Solar Park, Rajasthan by Rising Bhadla 1 Pvt. Ltd. 17

2.7 Benefits from the Project Given the fact that this project is a renewable energy project, it leads to sustainable development through efficient utilization of naturally available sunlight. It is expected to add clean and green energy to the Indian grid, which is dominated by thermal technologies using polluting carbon-based

fuels. 1 MW of solar PV plant can reduce about nearly 1.1 to 0.9 Ton of CO2 equivalent per MWh of

energy produced. The PV technology does not produce any noise, toxic-gas emissions, reduces CO2 emission, or greenhouse gases.

Alongside, the project will lead to local area development through creation of jobs for the local population and also increasing general visibility of the area for commercial activities.

ESIA Report: 70 MW Solar PV Project at Bhadla Solar Park, Rajasthan by Rising Bhadla 1 Pvt. Ltd. 18

3. ESIA STUDY

3.1 Need for ESIA Study The ESIA study is required for the following purposes:  Environmental impact on the community  Location of the project  Substantial impact on the ecosystem of the locality  Whether the project results in the diminution of the aesthetic, recreational, scientific, historic, cultural or other environmental quality of the locality  Effects on any endangered species of flora and fauna or their habitat  Scale of the project  Extent of the degradation of the quality of environment  Whether the project will result in an increase in demand for natural resources in the locality  Cumulative impact of the project together with other activities or projects, on the environment

3.2 Objective of the ESIA Study The objective of ESIA study is to prepare a document based on anticipated Environmental Impact due to setting up this Photo voltaic based Solar Power Project and to applicable local and national regulations.

3.3 Methodology and Approach for ESIA Study The ESIA has been conducted based on secondary data to include the following: o Baseline information about the environmental, social, and economic conditions surrounding the project area, to determine the existing status and post project scenario in respect of these parameters o Identify potential impacts of the project and the characteristic, magnitude and distribution of the impacts o Compile information on potential mitigation measures to minimize the impact including mitigation costs, so as to incorporate the same in Environment and Social

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Management Plan (ESMP) This report is based on the compliance requirements of ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009) as well as applicable local and national regulations. To comply with other lender’s requirements, the document also addresses International Finance Corporation (IFC)’s Performance Standards which will be met by the project. In the context of the scope of the project, the ESIA report has addressed the following: . Category of the project consistent with Government of India . Baseline Environmental and Social conditions . Protection of human health, cultural properties and biodiversity including endangered species and sensitive ecosystems . Major hazards, Occupational health and safety . Fire prevention and life safety . Socio-economic impacts . Land use, Land acquisition, Involuntary resettlement . Impacts on indigenous peoples and communities (if applicable) . Cumulative impacts of existing, proposed and anticipated future projects . Efficient production, delivery and use of energy . Pollution prevention and waste minimization, pollution controls (liquid effluent and air emissions) and solid and chemical waste management . GHG reduction potential and CDM Benefits

3.4 Legal Policies & Acts The solar PV power projects are not covered under the ambit of EIA Notification, 2006 and hence no environmental clearance is required. Hence, it does not require preparation of ESIA Report and pursuing Environmental Clearance from Central Government or State Level Environmental Impact Assessment Authority. Also, currently there are no clear policies supporting the deployment of renewable energy technologies under a single national strategy. However, the environmental regulations, legislations and policy guidelines and control for the proposed project are governed by various Government agencies. The principal environmental regulatory agency in India is Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF), Delhi. The important

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legislations governing the proposed Project are given below:  Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974  Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981  Environment Protection Act, 1986, Rules there under  Land Acquisition Act, 1894  Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001  Workmen's Compensation Act, 1923  National Environmental Appellate Authority Act 1997  Wildlife Protection Act 1980  Indian Electricity Rules, 1956 there under  National Resettlement & Rehabilitation Policy, 2007  Right of Way and compensation under Electricity Act 2003  Minimum Wages Act, 1948  Child Labor (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986  Labors Act, 1988  Factories Act, 1948  Contract Labor (Regulation and Abolition ) Act, 1970  Building and other Construction Workers Act, 1996

Besides this, the project shall meet the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), Ambient Noise Standards and Effluent Discharge Standards set by CPCB.

3.5 Environmental & Social Impact & Management Plan (ESMP) The mitigation measures to be adopted for the implementation of the proposed project include the following:

 Environmental Management Plan

 Rainwater Harvesting

 Clean Development Mechanism

 Occupational Health and Safety

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 Labour Working Conditions

 Construction Labour Management

 Environmental Action and Monitoring Plan

 Community Development Plan

 Public Consultation and Information Disclosure Plan

 Grievance Redressal Mechanism

 Disaster Management Plan

 Resettlement Plan

3.6 Structure of the ESIA Report The report consists of the following chapters and the contents of the chapters are briefly described in this section. Legal Policies and Institutional Framework: This chapter presents applicable legal provisions, national environmental and social (including labour) laws and policies as well as the relevant national and international standards and guidelines. Project Description: This chapter provides information related to various feature of the proposed power plant including power generation process, utilities, water and power requirement and other proposed infrastructure facilities. Baseline Status: This chapter brings out findings based on secondary data on physical, biological and socio economic environments, to present the baseline environmental condition of the study area. It includes the information regarding micro-meteorology, water environment, air environment, soil environment and ecological environment and the socio- economic baseline settings of the study area. Analysis of Alternatives: Alternatives considered for the proposed project are evaluated and discussed with particular emphasis on environmental considerations. Anticipated Environmental and Social Impacts and Mitigation Measures: This chapter provides details of the environmental and social impact assessment of the project during construction, operational and decommissioning phases. It expresses the impacts of the proposed project on the various components of environment. Mitigation measures are suggested along with the

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impact prediction. This section presents a brief outline of impact and respective management plan to address socio-economic conditions. Environmental & Social Management Plan: This chapter deals with the Environmental and Social management plan incorporating recommendations to implementation of the suggested mitigation measures to minimize adverse environmental and social impacts during construction, operation and decommissioning phases. The chapter includes management program, organization structure, training, community engagement, monitoring and reporting elements. The chapter also includes Environment Social Action Plan and Corporate Social Responsibility Plan. Grievance Redressal Mechanism: This chapter addresses the Grievance Redressal Mechanism (GRM) which provides an effective approach for complaints and resolution of issues made by the affected community in reliable way. Public Consultation, Participation and Disclosure: This chapter addresses the requirement of Public Consultation ADB’s Integrated Safeguards System Policy. Conclusions & Recommendations: This chapter consolidates the conclusions and recommendations of the ESIA Study carried out for the Solar PV Report.

This report is prepared based on the said legislations and structure covering all the objectives of ESIA study.

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4. LEGAL POLICIES & INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK

4.1 Introduction The emerging environmental scenario calls for attention on conservation and judicious use of natural r e s o u r c e s . There is a need to integrate the environmental consequences of the development activities and for planning suitable measures in order to ensure sustainable development of a region. The environmental considerations in any developmental process have become necessary for achieving sustainable development. The proposed project is covered under several environmental legislations which are explained as follows:

4.2 Regulatory Framework

Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) is the nodal agency for drafting the new environmental legislations and giving the environmental clearance to the Greenfield projects. The process of ESIA was made mandatory in 1994 under provisions of Environmental Protection Act, 1986. The current EIA notification, categorizes the projects as Category ‘A’ and ‘B’ based on the spatial extent of potential impacts and potential impacts on human health and natural and manmade resources. All projects or activities included as Category ‘A’ should require prior environmental clearance from the Central Government in the MoEF and the projects or activities included as Category ‘B’ will require prior environmental clearance from the State/Union territory Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA). As per requirement of environment clearance under EIA "Solar Projects" are not covered by the notification and hence no environmental clearance is required.

4.3 Detailed Framework Process of ADB’s Environmental and Social Assessment 4.3.1 ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009)

The safeguard policies are generally operational policies that seek to avoid, minimize or mitigate adverse environmental and social impacts, including protecting the rights of those likely to be affected or marginalized by the development process. ADB’s safeguard policy framework consists of three operational policies on the environment, Indigenous Peoples and involuntary resettlement. All three safeguard policies involve a structured process of impact assessment,

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planning and mitigation to address adverse effects of projects throughout the project cycle.

Policy on Environment requires that environment must be considered at all stages of the project cycle from project identification through implementation. The environmental assessment requirements depend on the environment category, either A, B, C or Financial Intermediary (FI). A proposed project is classified as Category A if it is likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts that are irreversible, diverse or unprecedented, Category B if its potential adverse environmental impacts are less adverse and often reversible through mitigation, Category C if it is likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. A proposed project is classified as category FI if it involves investment of ADB funds through a financial intermediary. As per the above classification of projects, this proposed solar power project is more closely aligned to ‘Category B’ project due to its limited adverse social or environmental impacts which are limited to site-specific, largely reversible and readily addressed through mitigation measures.

Policy on Involuntary Resettlement requires that all impacts brought about by land acquisition be mitigated properly following the principle of replacement value. The objectives are to avoid involuntary resettlement wherever possible, to minimize involuntary resettlement by exploring project and design alternatives, to enhance or restore, the livelihoods of all displaced persons in real terms relative to pre-project levels and to improve the standards of living of the displaced poor and other vulnerable groups. This project does not involve any physical resettlement/displacement as there are no habitation or settlements in the proposed area.

Policy on Indigenous Peoples require that the indigenous people are identified and if present, they should benefit from the development projects and the project should avoid or mitigate potentially adverse effects on indigenous people caused by the project. In India, this applies to scheduled tribes (ST). The proposed site has no project affected ST families and also does not fall within the “Scheduled Area” of the State (which is determined by the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution on the basis of preponderance of tribal population, compactness and reasonable size of the area,

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underdeveloped nature of the area and marked disparity in economic standard of the people). 4.3.2 ADB’s Gender and Development Policy (1998)

ADB Policy on Gender and Development (GAD) requires projects to consider gender issues in all aspects of ADB operations, accompanied by efforts to encourage women’s participation in the decision-making process in development activities. In this project, the GAD policy shall be taken into consideration during preparation and implementation of the community development, community liaison and actions relevant to mitigating impacts of involuntary resettlement.

4.3.3 ADB’s Social Protection Strategy (2001)

The strategy requires that the projects comply with applicable labor laws and take the following measures to comply with the core labor standards:  Carry out its activities consistent with the intent of ensuring legally permissible equal opportunity f a i r treatment and non-discrimination in relation to recruitment and hiring, compensation, working conditions and terms of employment for its workers.  Not restrict its workers from developing a legally permissible means of expressing their grievances a n d protecting their rights regarding working conditions a n d terms of employment.  Engage contractors and other providers of goods and services who do not employ child labor or forced labor and who have appropriate management systems. 4.3.4 The IFC Performance Standards

The IFC Performance Standards apply to private sector projects and provide project participants with instruments to structure, design, construct and manage the operations of projects in an environmentally and socially acceptable manner, while providing measures to avoid or mitigate adverse environmental and social impacts resulting from the projects. These performance standards are intended to focus on outcomes rather than process, thereby stressing the implementation of sound environmental and social management systems that achieve desired outcomes, including the mitigation of adverse impacts. The following performance standards

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a r e applicable to the proposed project:  Social & Environmental Assessment and Management Systems

 Labor and Working Conditions

 Community Health and Safety

 Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement The objectives of each standard is given below: Social & Environmental Assessment and Management Systems . Identify and assess environmental and social impacts in the project’s area of influence and avoid, minimize, mitigate or compensate for adverse impacts

. Promote improved environmental and social performance through effective management systems Labour and Working Conditions . Establish, maintain and improve the worker management relationship and promote fair treatment and equal opportunity for workers, in compliance with laws

. Protect workforce by addressing child labour and forced labour and promote safe working conditions promote the health of workers Community Health & Safety  Avoid or minimize the risks and impacts on the health and safety of the local community over the project life cycle

 Ensure that the safeguarding of personnel and property is carried out in a legitimate manner Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement  Avoid or minimize involuntary resettlement whenever feasible by exploring alternative project designs.

 Improve or at least restore livelihoods and living standards of displaced persons.

 Improve living conditions among displaced persons through provision of adequate housing with security of tenure at resettlement sites. In order to comply with all these standards, the proposed project has formulated ESMP, labour

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management system, occupational and community health and safety policy.

4.4 Legislative Framework The environmental regulations, legislations and policy guidelines and control for the proposed project are governed by various government agencies. The important legislations governing the proposed project are given below:  Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974  Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981  Environment Protection Act, 1986, Rules there under  Land Acquisition Act, 1894  Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001  Workmen's Compensation Act, 1923  National Environmental Appellate Authority Act 1997  Wildlife Protection Act 1980  Indian Electricity Rules, 1956 there under  National Resettlement & Rehabilitation Policy, 2007  Right of Way and compensation under Electricity Act 2003  Minimum Wages Act, 1948  Child Labor (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986  Labors Act, 1988  Factories Act, 1948  Contract Labor (Regulation and Abolition ) Act, 1970  Building and other Construction Workers Act, 1996 These key instruments and all subsequent and relevant amendments to them are discussed in detail below. 4.4.1 The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974

This act w a s introduced by the State Pollution Control Boards (SPCB) to grant Consent f o r Establishment (CFE) and Consent for Operation (CFO) to the industries. The establishment or operation of any industry cannot be undertaken without the prior consent of the SPCB. While

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granting the consent, SPCB can stipulate conditions pertaining to the effluents arising from the process. The consent to operate is granted for a specific period (usually one year) after which the conditions attached are reviewed by the SPCB before renewal. The proposed project has uses water during construction phase and at the time of module cleaning. The discharge water does not include any chemical or hazardous material and hence no treatment is required. 4.4.2 The air (prevention and control of pollution) act, 1981 This act stipulates the establishment of State Boards for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution. In States where a water pollution board had already been established under the earlier Water Act, the two boards were combined to form SPCBs. The proposed project releases no hazardous emission during power production. The limited dust and air emission can be mitigated by the ESMP as per the required standards. Moreover, being a renewable energy, it contributes to carbon emission reduction. 4.4.3 Environment Protection (EP) Act and Rules, 1986 EP Act was enacted to provide for the protection and improvement of environment and for matters connected there with. A decision was taken by India to protect and improve the human environment at the United Nations Conference on Human Environment held at Stockholm in June 1972. The EP Act call for procedural requirements for:

 Obtaining Environmental Clearance  Submission of Environmental Statement Under this act, the Central Government is empowered to take measures necessary to protect and improve the quality of the environment by setting standards for emissions and discharges, regulating the location of industries, management of hazardous wastes and protection of public health and welfare. From time to time the Central Government issues notifications under the EPA for the protection of ecologically-sensitive areas or issues guidelines for matters under the EPA. The important environmental legislations applicable to the proposed project are given in table:

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Table 2 Key Environment Legislation

Name Scope and Objectives Key Areas Operational Agencies/ Key Players Water (Prevention To provide for the Control of Sewage Central and State and Control of prevention and control and industrial Pollution Control Boards Pollution) Act 1974 of water pollution and effluent discharges enhancing quality of water Air (Prevention and To provide for the Controls emission Central and State Control of Pollution) prevention and control and air pollutants Pollution Control Boards Act 1981 of air pollution Environment To provide for the An umbrella Central Government, Protection Act 1986 protection and Legislation, nodal agencies MoEF, improvement of supplements can delegate powers to environment pollution laws department of environment Forest (Conservation) To provide for the A legislation to Central Government, Act, 1980 and Forest protection and protect forests and nodal agencies MoEF, Conservation Rules, improvement of the forest products can delegate powers to 1981 forests Department of Forest Noise Pollution To control and take Noise in urban Central Government, (Prevention & measures for abatement area and around nodal agencies MoEF, Control) Rules 2000 of noise and ensure that industrial sites State governments the level does not cross specified standards

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Hazardous Wastes To the adequate Hazardous waste Central Government, (Management And handling of hazardous generated from Nodal Agencies MoEF, Handling) Rules, 1989 materials or wastes the industrial CPCB & 2001 activity Public Liability To provide for public To provide public Central Government, Insurance Act, 1991 liability- insurance for liability insurance Nodal Agencies MoEF, the purpose of providing during risk State Govt. immediate relief to the material handling persons affected by accident occurring while handling any hazardous substance and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto

4.4.4 Land Acquisition Act (LAA)

The Land Acquisition Act of 1894, provides for the acquisition of land for public purposes and companies in national interest and for determining the amount of compensation to be made on account of such acquisition. The act is summarized below:  Land identified for the purpose of a project is placed under Section 4 of the LAA. Objections must be made within 50 days to the highest administrative officer of the concerned District.  The land is then placed under Section 6 of the LAA. This is a declaration that the Government intends to acquire the land.  Compensation for land and improvements (such as houses, wells, trees, etc.) is paid in cash by the project authorities to the State government, which in turn compensates landowners.  The price to be paid for the acquisition of agricultural land is based on sale prices

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recorded in the District registrar's office averaged over the three years preceding notification under Section 4. The land in which the project is being developed has been allotted by Rajasthan Solar Park Development Company Limited (RSDCL). RSDCL is the Solar Park Implementing Agency (SPIA). The land shall be leased by the developer on a long term basis until the life cycle of the project. Also the project is applicable to get the Non Agricultural conversion certificate from the Collector. 4.4.5 Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001 The MoEF has issued Batteries (M&H) Rules, 2001 to control the hazards associated with the backyard smelting and unauthorized reprocessing of lead acid batteries. Manufacturers/ assemblers/re-conditioners/importers/recyclers/auctioneers/users/bulk consumers, all are required to submit half yearly returns to the SPCB who have been designated as the prescribed authority. The bulk consumer-means a consumer such as the Departments of Central Government like Railway Defense, Telecom, Posts and Telegraph, the Departments of State Government, the Undertakings, Boards and other agenci es or companies who purchase hundred or more than hundred batteries per annum. The project does not envisage any storage of power and hence it is not applicable. 4.4.6 Indian Labour Laws All the workmen of the company are required to be governed by the relevant Indian Labour laws, which are stated below: Workmen's Compensation Act, 1923 The Workmen's Compensation Act, 1923 is one of the important social security legislations. It aims at providing financial protection to workmen and their dependents in case of accidental injury by means of payment of compensation by the employers. Under the act, the State Governments are empowered to appoint Commissioners for Workmen's Compensation for  Settlement of disputed claims  Disposal of cases of injuries involving death  Revision of periodical payments The project developer will initiate a Grievance Redressal Mechanism (GRM) along with a Grievance Redressal Committee (GRM) for resolving all the compliance disputes and grievances related to the

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project. The developer shall follow regular and periodic payment of the laborers. Further, the developer shall hold an insurance policy which will include the safety for physical or material damage in the site. 4.4.7 National Environment Appellate Authority Act 1997 The National Environment Appellate Authority (NEAA) was set up by MoEF to address cases in which environment clearances are required in certain restricted areas. An Act to provide for the establishment of a NEAA to hear appeals with respect to restriction of areas in which any industries, operations or processes or class of industries, operations or processes shall not be carried out or shall be carried out subject to certain safeguards under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. The proposed site does not falls under any restricted areas and hence not applicable. 4.4.8 Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972 The Government of India enacted Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972 with the objective of effectively protecting the wild life of this country and to control poaching, smuggling and illegal trade in wildlife and its derivatives. The punishment and penalty for offences under the act are more stringent. The objective is to provide protection to the endangered flora and fauna and ecologically important protected areas. There are no wild life habitat in the selected area, no endangered species of flora and fauna and no reserved forest area is nearby the proposed site. Hence, not applicable. 4.4.9 National Re-habitation and Resettlement Policy 2007

The objectives of the policy are to minimize d i s p l a c e m e n t a n d to identify non-displacing or at least displacing alternatives and to provide better standard of living to tribal people. This project does not involve any physical resettlement/displacement as there are no habitation or settlements in the proposed area. Also, the site has no project affected ST families.

4.4.10 Electricity Act 2003

The act consolidates the laws relating to generation, transmission, distribution, trading and use of electricity and generally for taking measures conducive to development of electricity industry, promoting competition therein, protecting interest of consumers and supply of electricity to all

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areas, rationalization of electricity tariff, ensuring transparent policies regarding subsidies, promotion of efficient and environmentally benign policies constitution of Central Electricity Authority, Regulatory Commissions and establishment of Appellate Tribunal.

In order to comply with this law, the developer has to get approvals of electrical drawings, transmission line drawings from Chief Electrical Inspectorate General (CEIG) and power evacuation approval from the DISCOM. 4.4.11 Firefighting The Fire Protection Research Foundation (FPRF) identifies hazards affecting fire prevention services with solar panel use. Firefighters must distinguish between the types of solar power used to work efficiently in the event of a fire. Without knowledge the type of panel used, firefighters' safety may be at risk. Hazards apparent in both types include flame spread, slipping and structural collapse due to added weight. Firefighters and other emergency-response teams require special training to work safely around solar-energy technology. The fire-related hazards of photovoltaic conversion for emergency responders are burns, electric shock, inhalation of toxic smoke, battery leakage and explosion and roof-related injuries. The developer will undertake proper fire safety measures and have sufficient firefighting equipments at the site in case of emergency. Proper training regarding handling of such equipments shall be given to all the working personnel.

4.5 Environment Health & Safety (EHS) Policy Well-established Occupational Health and Safety measures will be applied and strictly implemented, and all national labor laws and applicable International Labour Organization conventions on workplace conditions should be followed. Regulations related to occupational Health and Safety management should be issued and strictly enforced. All personnel is required to receive training in Occupational Health and Safety practices. Safety drills should be carried out periodically. Safety manuals or handbooks should be prepared as required. System ISO 14001:2004 and occupational Health & Safety management system OHSAS 18001:2007 certification for the site should be obtained. As per the policy, the developer should:  Provide and maintain healthy and safe working conditions, equipment and

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systems of work for all employees and set targets for improving EHS, carry out regular assessments and report annually on performance.  Ensure that each of its locations adopts policies and commitments which also describe the local organization and arrangements for putting them into practice.

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5. EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL CONDITION OF THE PROJECT LOCATION

5.1 Environmental Social parameters of the Site Environmental/ Social Description Remarks Parameters ESIA required? Not No livelihood will be disturbed. In addition, required since solar power projects are non-polluting in nature and do not involve disposal of solid waste, effluents and hazardous substances on land, air and water, such projects are exempted from environmental clearance as per the EIA notification. Are there neighbors subject to No There are no houses in direct view of the site. be against the project? Are there any protected species No There are no endangered species in the project or is it part of a protected area? area. Any resettlements required? No There are no habitation/settlements within the site, thus no resettlement issues prevails. Is anyone subject to loss of No The land remains fallow throughout the year. livelihood (particular women)? Thus, the proposed project does not involve loss of livelihood. Is the site subject to ancestral No The proposed land is government land, hence rights? no such issue is foreseen. Does the site provide food to No No farming activities currently in place. the local community? Site preparation needed? Yes Consideration should be given to the existing (backfill, removal of stones, site contours. Site levelling works (backfill, felling of trees). removal of stones, felling of trees) will be required.

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Is tree‐felling subject to any No Cutting down of the few trees in the site will compensation? not raise any alarm. Moreover, the government is planning to implement a green belt around the Bhadla Solar Park, in order to avoid soil erosion and to compensate the trees cut (if any). Has the site particular religious No No significant area or building of cultural significance? heritage is present near the project site. Hence, no impact is envisaged Are there day tracks or No No animal droppings were observed in the site. seasonal tracks (for animal herds) on the site?

5.2 Land The land allotted by RSDCL for installation is about 346 acres which can accommodate about 70 MW of solar PV capacity. The land shall be leased by the developer on a long term basis until the life cycle if the power plant.

5.3 Water Availability Indira Gandhi Nahar canal is passing through less than 7 km away from the solar park.

5.4 Waste Water Treatment and Disposal System The project developer shall use the wiping method for cleaning PV modules instead of sprinkle system. This will not only substantially reduce the water requirement of the project, but also the water discharge from the project. Since the water is used for PV module cleaning purpose, the drain water collected after cleaning the solar modules shall be passed through a sump with a baffle wall to arrest the suspended solids if any. Water runoff / discharge from the panels is likely to be absorbed into the arid ground below the panels, and no drainage canal is required. The discharge water does not include any chemical or hazardous material and hence no treatment is required.

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5.5 Topography, Soil Conditions and Land use The proposed site has flat topography with nil shadings. The soil condition of the site. The proposed site has desertic soil which has silty sand with gravels and is scantly used for vegetation. Hence, the proposed land is feasible and the soil is good for the development of solar project. 5.6 Climatic Conditions8 The district has a dry climate and is distinguished as low and erratic rainfall, low humidity, high solar radiation, strong dust raising winds, sparseness of vegetation cover and a sand dune dominated landscape. The climate of the place is tropical monsoon climate. There are distinct temperature range variations diurnal and seasonally throughout the State, revealing most typical phenomenon of the warm-dry continental climate. 5.6.1 Rainfall9 The average annual rainfall of the District is 30-50 mm. the following graph shows the 5 years average monthly rainfall of the District.

Rainfall profile of Jodhpur District 160 149.26 140 120 112.52 100 87.92 80 60 40

20 19.62 7.6 6.7 7.2 8.06 0 1.72 0.34 0.26 1.8

Figure 8: Rainfall profile of Jodhpur District

8 http://www.cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/Rajasthan/Jodhpur.pdf 9 http://hydro.imd.gov.in/hydrometweb/(S(tr1cboiqcn5vuf45og3kid45))/DistrictRaifall.aspx

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5.6.2 Wind Speed 10 The location has strong dust raising winds. The average wind speed of the site is 4.7 m/s. the following graph shows the monthly average wing speed data for the proposed site.

Wind Speed (m/s) 6 5.56 5 4.92 5.01 5.17 4.34 4.55 4.61 4.42 4.42 4.5 4.34 4 4.21 3 2 1 0

Figure 9: Wind Speed profile of the Site

5.6.3 Temperature 11 The average annual temperature of the site is about 27 degrees which denotes a good number for solar energy yield.

Ambiebt Temperature (Degree C) 40 35 36.1 34.9 34.3 33.7 32.3 30 29.6 27.3 25 23.6 20 20.3 17.3 15 13.7 14.99 10 5 0

Figure 10: Temperature profile of the Site

10https://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/cgibin/sse/grid.cgi?&num=252118&lat=27.501&submit=Submit&hgt=100&veg=1 [email protected]&p=grid_id&p=wspd50m&step=2&lon=71.924 11 Meteonorm 7.1

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Figure 11: Temperature map of India

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5.6 Demographics The District has an average of 100-150 inhabitants per sq.km. However, no live hood is dwelling in the project site location. Hence, no resettlement or migration is required.

Figure 12: Demographic map of India

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6. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES Setting up of a solar power project involves selection of environmentally and techno- economically suitable site, land characteristics, meteorology, infrastructure, grid availability, water availability, rail and road connectivity, accessibility and shading aspects etc.

6.1 Do Nothing Scenario A significant capacity deficit exists with regards to power supply in India, and the use of the electricity distribution network of the area is severely constrained by insufficient transport capacity and frequent outages. The “Do Nothing” scenario would not alleviate the current limitations of low power generating capacity, high transmission and distribution losses, poor revenue collection and limited access. The limitations to power supply development could adversely affect the economic development. The opportunity to develop future generations of solutions that enhance efficiency and profitability, contribute to economic diversification, accelerate human development and other growth drivers (such as international competitiveness, labour and employment, governance and public sector reform) would be lost. Therefore the “do- nothing” scenario is not a viable option.

6.2 Site Alternative For the site variant, the choice of the proposed site can be justified by: Technically and financially  Closeness of the site to good electrical infrastructure  Significant amount of sunshine  Availability of land for solar PV installation Socially and Institutionally  Social acceptability of the project  Bridging of regional disparities in the production of solar PV energy  The project site being free from any occupation like agriculture  The soil quality, which is major constraint for agricultural purpose

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6.3 Production Methodology Alternative  Reduction of GHG emissions at national level  Low operating costs  Lower rate of production of hazardous wastes  Contribution to diversification of production sources

6.4 Technology Alternative Crystalline Silicon module technology continues to dominate and forms about 86% of the market share. It is the current industry leader and the most commonly used PV technology. There are two types of crystalline silicon cells that are used in the industry: mono-crystalline and multi-crystalline. The mono-crystalline Si is produced by growing high purity, single crystal Si rods and slicing them into thin wafers. The multi-crystalline Si is made by sawing a cast block of silicon first into bars and then wafers. Crystalline Si PV modules score over thin film counterparts, since the former are less prone to breakage and have a lower degradation over their life. Major trend in PV industry is towards multi-crystalline technology, due to its lower cost of production and improved efficiencies. The proposed project also uses poly-crystalline panels for better value for money.

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7. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

7.1 Introduction The proposed project may have impact on the environment during construction & operation phases. During the construction phase, the impacts may be regarded as temporary or short-term, while long term impacts may be observed during the operation stage. The project has overall positive impacts by providing a competitive, cost-effective, pollution free reliable mode of Solar PV power. It will certainly meet the ever increasing demand of power and to bridge the gap between demand and supply of power.

7.2 Potential Impact Generation Activities The construction and operation phase of the proposed project comprises various activities each of which may have an impact on environmental parameters. The impacts of the project are envisaged during the design and planning, during pre-construction phase, construction phase. During the construction phase, the following activities may have impacts on environment:

 Site preparation  Minor excavation and leveling  Hauling of earth materials and wastes  Cutting and drilling  Erection of concrete and steel structures  Road construction  Painting and finishing  Clean up operations  Landscaping and afforestation Moreover, construction work will involve cutting of trenches, excavation, concreting etc. All these activities attribute to dust pollution. The super-structural work will involve steel work, concrete work, masonry work etc. and will involve operation of large construction equipment like cranes, concrete mixers, hoists, welding sets etc. There may be emission of dust and gases as well as noise pollution from these activities. Mechanical erection work involves extensive use of mechanical equipment for storage, transportation, erection and on-site fabrication work. These

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activities may generate some air contaminants and noise pollution. The electrical activities are less polluting in general.

7.3 Impacts during Planning and Design Phase The potential adverse environment impacts associated with transmission lines shall be avoided or minimized through careful route selection. The alignment must be sited away from major settlements, whenever possible, to account for future urban expansion. Forests areas and vegetation areas should be avoided.

7.4 Impacts during Construction Phase The environmental impact during construction phase is localized and of short term magnitude. Impact is primarily related to the civil works and some intensive impact due to erection of the equipment. The details of the activities and probable impact are brought out in table below:

Table 3 Identification of Activities & Probable Impacts (Construction Phase)

Construction Environment Probable Impacts Activities Attribute Land Acquisition Land No significant impact on land-use is expected. Socio-economics No impact due to rehabilitation & resettlement issues is expected. Site clearing and Air . Fugitive dust emissions Leveling (cutting, . Air emissions from construction equipment stripping, and machinery excavation, earth Water Run-off from construction area movement, Land Loss of top soil compaction) Ecology Minimal loss of vegetation / habitat as the site is has barren land with almost no vegetation and being used for seasonal livestock grazing.

Transportation and Air . Air emissions from vehicles Storage of . Fugitive dust emissions due to traffic movement Water Run-off from storage areas

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Construction Public Utilities Increased flow of traffic Material/Civil Construction Equipm ent Air . Air emissions from construction machinery Activities . Fugitive dust emissions

Water Run-off from construction areas Mech. and Elec. Air Air emissions from machines / activities Erection Activities

Influx of Labour Socio-economics . Employment opportunities shall increase and construction . Stress on infrastructure of temporary Land Change in land use pattern of the area houses Water Sanitary effluents from labour colonies

7.4.1 Impact on Land use The mobilization of construction equipment and construction materials will require space for storage and parking of construction vehicles and equipment, construction material storage yards, disposal sites, and labor camps for human resource to avoid environmental impact and public inconvenience. These locations shall comply with the local laws and regulations and need approval from authorities to utilize these facilities (access roads, telecommunication, and pipe borne water supply). The selection of temporary lands shall be made in such a way that it is atleast 500 m away from highly populated areas, water bodies, natural flow paths, agricultural lands, important ecological habitats and residential areas. The removal of trees and green cover vegetation will be minimized during preparation of access road and other facilities. The construction activities attract a sizeable population and the influx of population is likely to be associated with construction of temporary hutments for construction work force, having an effect on land use pattern of the areas surrounding the project. However, this impact is envisaged to be insignificant due to following reasons.

 Temporary labour colonies shall be situated in the areas already acquired for the project.  It will be only a temporary change (restricted to construction period). After construction phase, the areas acquired by labour colonies shall be reverted back

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similar to pre- construction stage. Further, the developer shall also be in the process to improve the infrastructure of the area such as roads, schools, hospitals, etc. The project would add to the economic development of the area through allied business, which will be set-up along with the plant. 7.4.2 Impact on Soil Cover As the construction activities for the main plant units of project would be confined in the wasteland, the impact on soil will be minimal and confined. Only cutting and filling is required during construction. The construction activities result in loss of vegetation cover (grass and shrubs) and topsoil in the plant area. No adverse impact on soil in the surrounding area is anticipated. However, in order to minimize such impacts, appropriate soil erosion control measures such as plantation activities would be undertaken by the developer to appease the chances of soil erosion. Completion of excavation and foundation work in limited time schedule would also reduce / minimize the chances of soil erosion 7.4.3 Impact of Solid Waste Solid waste during the construction phase consists primarily of scrapped building materials, excess concrete and cement, rejected components and materials, packing and shipping materials (pallets, crates, styrofoam, plastics, etc.) and human waste. During the construction there will be generation of garbage, for which designated practices of solid waste disposal shall be followed as mentioned:

 A waste inventory of various waste generated should be prepared and periodically updated.  The excavated material generated shall be reused for site filling and leveling operation to the maximum extent possible.  The scrap metal waste generated from erection of structures and related construction activities should be collected and stored separately in a stack yard and sold to local recyclers.  Food waste and recyclables viz. paper, plastic, glass etc. should be properly segregated and stored in designated waste bins/containers. The recyclables shall be periodically sold to local recyclers while food waste shall be disposed through

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waste handling agency.  Hazardous waste viz. waste oil etc. should be collected and stored in paved and bunded area and subsequently sold to authorized recyclers. Necessary manifest for the same shall be maintained. 7.4.4 Air Impact As the proposed project is solar PV project, the impact during construction is expected to be minimal as a Greenfield project plant. Particulate matter in the form of dust would be the predominant pollutant affecting the air quality during the construction phase. Dust will be generated mainly during excavation, back filling and hauling operations along with transportation activities. However, a high boundary wall should prevent the dust generated due to construction activities going outside the project area.

The main source of gaseous emission during the construction phase is movement of equipment and vehicles at site. Equipment deployed during the construction phase is also likely to result in marginal increase in the levels of SO2, NOX and particulate matter. The impact is reversible, marginal and temporary in nature till the construction phase. 7.4.5 Noise Impact The major noise generating sources during the construction phase are vehicular traffic, construction equipment like dozer, scrapers, concrete mixers, cranes, generators, pumps, compressors, rock drills, pneumatic tools, vibrators etc. The operation of this equipment will generate noise ranging between 75 – 90 dB (A). To minimize the impact on nearby communities, construction schedules have to be optimized and vehicular traffic shall be routed away from the nearest settlement. Also the noise level should be substantially lower near the plant boundary due to attenuation caused over the distance. Overall, the impact of generated noise on the environment during construction period is insignificant, reversible and localized in nature. 7.4.6 Impact on Water Environment The construction personnel would be housed in temporary settlements. These settlements would discharge considerable amount of domestic wastewater. Stagnant pools of water would increase breeding of mosquitoes and generally create insanitary conditions. Contractor should provide soak pit with a depth of 2 m to dispose liquid water so that such water will not form stagnant

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pools nor aggravate soil erosion. The main pollutants are organic components and microorganisms with the potential to cause contamination of water quality. To address potential impacts on water quality, disinfected latrines (e.g., through regular liming) shall be used as main component of the sanitation system. Construction processes include fabrication of concrete and related water usage. Wastewater from construction activities would mostly contain suspended impurities. The waste water shall be arrested before discharge, to prevent solids buildup in the existing drains. Thus, the construction site wastewater would be led to sedimentation basins, allowing a hydraulic retention time of 1.5 to 2 hours, where excess suspended solids would be settled out and relatively clear supernatant would be discharged to the plant drain. Generally, surface run-off water is not there in dry months during construction. 7.4.7 Ecological Impact The impact of the construction activities would be primarily confined to the project site. The entire land is barren land with some shrubs and trees. Thus, the site development works would not lead to any significant loss of important species or ecosystems. 7.4.8 Impacts due to Transmission Lines during Construction Phase

The project activities during construction phase will involve clearing of trees along the route alignment wherever required, excavation for installation of towers, erection of towers, civil works related to transmission line and line stringing. During the operation phase, most of the construction phase impacts will get stabilized and the impacts will be restricted only to the operation and maintenance of the project. Since, the projects evacuates the power to the pooling substation inside the solar park, hence these impact is not envisaged. Impact on Climate The transmission line area has to be constructed in barren uncultivated lands. Although, there will be few removals of trees , there will be no impact on the climatic conditions during the construction and operation phases of the transmission lines. Impact on Air Quality During the construction phase, the activity would involve excavation for the tower erection, movement of vehicles carrying the construction materials along the haul road (through un-built

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roads, which are not maintained). All these activities would give rise to emission of dust particles thereby affecting air quality marginally at the site. The impact will be temporary in nature and therefore is assessed as of low significance. Covering of stockpiles and sprinkling of water during excavation will reduce the dust emission to a greater extent. The construction of transmission line and the substation will not have any negative impact on the air quality of the region during the operation phase. Impact on Noise Levels During the construction phase, the major sources of noise pollution are movement of vehicles carrying the construction materi al and equipment to the site. The major work of the construction is expected to be carried out during the day time. As such, noise emissions will be minor and the noise produced during the construction period will have negligible impact on residents. Impact on Surface Water Quality There are no major surface water bodies in the area .Hence, the construction and operation phase of transmission lines will not have any major impact on the surface and ground water quality in the area. Impact on Water Resources Water needed during construction phase of the project would be minimal and limited to sanitary water. This would h a v e negligible impact on water resources. Operation of the transmission lines would not require any water. Impact on Ground Water Quality In transmission line construction activity, no chemical substance or oil is used and hence there is no impact on ground water quality Impact on Ecological Resources Since transmission line will be routed away from the inhabited areas, there will be no displacement of people or animals. It will not cause any disturbance to the life of people, local animals and birds’ movement. In transmission there is no dynamic equipment and moving machinery which causes noise pollution, water and air pollution. There is no national wildlife park, bird sanctuary, wetland in the route alignment of the proposed transmission line. It is not

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expected that any flora and fauna that are rare, endangered, endemic or threatened will be affected. Migratory paths of small mammals and reptiles may be affected due to construction activities. However noise, vibration and emission from construction vehicles, equipment will occur during construction and pre-construction stages in temporary manner. The impacts related to above activities are temporary and can be mitigated through following measures:  Strict attention on worker force regarding disturbance to surrounding habitats, flora and fauna including hunting of animals  Selection of approved locations for material storage yards and labour camps away from the environmental sensitive areas  Avoid dumping of construction waste (cement particles, rock, rubbles and waste water) and sanitary waste to the surrounding water bodies. Impact on Terrestrial Ecology The removal of herbaceous vegetation from the soil and loosening of the top soil generally causes soil erosion. However, such impacts would be primarily confined to the project site during initial periods of the construction phase and would be minimized through adoption of mitigation measures like paving and surface treatment and water sprinkling. Removal of Trees As per the preliminary survey hardly any trees shall be removed during the line construction. The initial construction works along the alignment involving cutting, filling, and leveling may cause loss of vegetation. Appropriate compensation will be governed by the resettlement framework. Effect on Local Road Network Transformers, tower material, substation equipment, iron bars, concrete materials, piling equipment, will be transported through the provincial and local road network to the project site. This may impact local traffic temporarily. Appropriate maintenance of all road sections, which will be utilized for the construction related activities shall be carried. Disposal of Debris As a result of construction related activities, spoil and debris will be generated during the construction stage. Proper disposal of the debris shall be ensured to minimize the impact on the surroundi ng ecology, public health and scenic beauty.

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Impact on Human Environment Project activities could impact the health and safety of the work force and of the general public, in particular, in terms of risk of accidents and exposure to electromagnetic fields along the alignment. The accidents may be caused due to electro-cutting, lightening, fires and explosions. Necessary training regarding safety aspects to the personnel working at the line should be provided by the contractor. Personal protective equipment like safety gloves, helmet, harness, goggles and mufflers should be provided during construction period and during the maintenance work. First aid facilities must be made available with the labor gangs. Socio-Economics Construction of transmission line will generate local employment, as number of unskilled labors will be required at the time of construction activities. Local employment during this period will increase socio-economic standards. Cultural sites There are no archaeological, historical or cultural important sites along the route alignment, hence no impact on these sites is envisaged. In the case of discovery of archaeological features during excavation/construction works, a chance find procedure to notify relevant authorities should be put in place by the developer. Solid Waste Disposal The solid waste generation during tower erection site includes metal scraps and wooden packing material. Waste should be minimized and recycled wherever possible. Final waste should be collected and disposed of in compliance with applicable regulations and rules. Liquid Waste Disposal There will be no oil or chemical waste generated during the construction of transmission line, hence no mitigation is required. Sanitary Waste Disposal at Construction Sites and Labour Camps The labour camps at the site of tower erection will be temporary in nature and the human excreta will not be significant to cause contamination of ground water. Those places where most labor will be staying will be near hamlets which shall use the community services for solid waste, water and sanitation. Adequate drinking water facilities, sanitary facilities and drainage in the temporary

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sheds of the construction workers should be provided to avoid the surface water pollution. Provision of adequate washing and toilet facilities should be made obligatory. There shall be proper solid waste disposal procedure to enhance sanitation of workers who stay in camps. Septic tank shall be used for sanitation purpose. Unacceptable solid waste disposal practices such as open dumping of solid waste and poor sanitation facilities will lead to pollution of surrounding environment, contamination of water bodies and increase adverse impact to the aquatic, terrestrial lives and general public inhabited in the area. Thus following measures are needed to protect and enhance the quality of environment during the construction stage:  A better way to overcome garbage disposal as mentioned above by reducing or avoiding the need to construct labour camps, thus the selection of the majority of skilled and unskilled workers from the project area of influence will be a proper measure in this regard. Contractor shall provide adequate facilities, soak pits to manage liquid waste.  Provision of the solid waste disposal, sanitation and sewage facilities at all site of the construction/labour camps to avoid or minimize health hazards and environmental pollution.  Contractor should handle and manage waste generated from the construction/labour camps without contamination to natural environment and enhance the quality of environment.  Adequate supply of water should be provided to the urinals, toilets and wash rooms of the workers' accommodation.  Contractor shall provide garbage bins to all workers' accommodation and construction sites, for dumping wastes regularly in a hygienic manner in the area.

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7.5 IMPACT D URING OPERATION PHASE Various activities of operation and maintenance phase and their probable impacts on various sectors of environment are presented in the table below.

Table 4: Identification of Activities and Probable Impacts (O&M)

O&M Activities Sector Probable Impacts

Transportation Air  Air emissions from vehicles  Fugitive dust emissions due to traffic movement Public Utilities Increased flow of traffic Water Effluents from Oil Storage Areas Burning of Fuel Air No Stack emissions from solar Project Water Treatment for Water Generation of wastewater due to various uses PV module cleaning Equipment Cooling Water/ Ecology Discharge of hot water containing chemicals Operation of Water Generation of effluents containing oil Transformers and Switchyard

Impact on Land use The site, after completion of its development, would consist of built structures, landscaped to give a pleasing outlook. Following the construction phase, the temporarily modified land use pattern, such as construction of temporary tents to accommodate some construction personnel will be totally removed during the operation stage. Land released from the construction activities would be put to economic and aesthetic use to hasten recovery from adverse impacts. Impact on Soil Cover Most impacts of Solar PV project on soil are restricted to the construction phase, which will get stabilized during operation phase. The soil conditions of the project site would be allowed to stabilize during this period after the impacts of the construction phase. The topsoil in non-built up areas would be restored and such portions of the site would be replanted with appropriate

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plant species to stabilize soil. The species shall be suitable for local climate and available. During operation of a project, no appreciable adverse changes in the soils are anticipated. Air Impact Plant operation would not significantly affect the air quality, as solar project is green field project & there are no gaseous emissions during operation phase from the proposed project. Noise Impact Work Zone Noise Levels Protective instruments in the form of ear mufflers/ear plugs will be provided to the operators and workers working near the high noise generating machinery. In addition, reduction in noise levels in the high noise machinery areas will be achieved by adoption of suitable preventive measures such as adding sound barriers, use of enclosures with suitable absorption material, etc. Impact on Water Environment Impact on Ground Water No ground water due to plant operation will be drawn during operation phase for any purpose. So lowering of groundwater table will not be an issue. In addition, rainwater harvesting shall be implemented at proposed plant to conserve storm water and help in recharge of ground water. Impact on Surface Water There shall be minimal discharge of wastewater from cleaning of Solar PV modules. The wastewater emanating from cleaning operations shall be recycled for plantation and greenbelt development around the plant. The rest of the wastewater shall be deposited in rain water harvesting pond. Impacts of Transmission Lines during Operation Phase Electric Shock This may lead to death or injury to the workers and public in the area. This shall be minimized or avoided by: • Security fences around substation • Establishment of warning signs • Careful design using appropriate technologies to minimize hazards.

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Noise Generation Nuisance to the community around the substation site can occur during the project operation stage. Provision of appropriate noise barriers at substations shall be made in this regard. Maintenance of Transmission Line and Substation Possible exposure to electromagnetic interference could occur during these activities. Design of transmission line shall comply with the limits of electromagnetic interference from overhead power lines. Oil Spillage Contamination of water on land/nearby water bodies by the transformer oil can occur during operation due to leakage or accident. Substation transformers are normally located within secure and impervious areas with a storage capacity of 100% spare oil. Also proper drainage facilities should be constructed during the construction stage to avoid overflow or contamination with natural flow paths especially during the rainy season. Sulphur Hexa fluoride (SF6) Leakage SF6 is a non-toxic greenhouse gas used as a dielectric in circuit breakers, switch gear, and other electrical equipment. Very high grade sealing system and erection methodology is required to keep the loss of SF6 within 0.01% every year. SF6 gas handling system for evacuation and storage is always used for the maintenance of the circuit breaker. SF6 gas leakage is one of the checks in every shift of the operation. Stock SF6 records shall be maintained in each substation. This shall allow tracking of any release of SF6 gas to the atmosphere.

7.6 IMPACTS DURING DECOMMISSIONING PHASE Dismantling operation however will have impact on environment due to noise and dust arising out of it. During de-installation, a specific strategy shall be adopted in order to handle each type of item to keep the impact during the actual activity low. The decommissioning of the power house which is a part of the local social fabric for many years will certainly create vacuum in the lives of the people directly and indirectly connected with it. The impact due to decommissioning on power, social and environmental scenario will be guided by applicable laws and guidelines. These will be addressed appropriately.

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7.7 SOCIAL IMPACTS 7.7.1 Traffic Congestion No overburden on the local transportation system is envisaged due to the proposed project. 7.7.2 Labour Influence Construction Phase During construction activities, there will be a sizeable influx of population and labour colony being constructed with basic amenities for the laborers working on the project. The peak labour population shall be 500 but on an average, there shall be 150 laborers for 6 months. This will have an effect on social fabrics of the areas surrounding the project. However, this impact is envisaged to be insignificant due to the following reasons: . Temporary labour colonies shall be situated in the areas already acquired for the project. . It will be only a temporary change restricted to construction period. After construction phase, the areas acquired by labour colonies shall be reverted back similar to pre- construction stage

Most of the construction labor will be on contractual basis. Separate labour camps shall be made within the plant premises for the construction labors. Therefore, conflict of migrating labor with locals, will not take place during the construction phase. Regarding monitoring of diseases corresponding to labor influx, regular health status monitoring of labors and its surrounding population should be carried out with the mobile health care facilities. 7.7.3 Change in Socio-economic Condition Employment The project will generate employment opportunities for the local population. Even indirect job opportunities will be created outside the project boundary. Many people will find employment in service sector and marketing of day-to-day needs viz. Poultry and other agricultural products. The project will improve the basic infrastructure and the people of nearby villages can also use these amenities.

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Development of Infrastructure The job opportunities in non-agricultural sector are likely to increase. The installation of the power plant is expected to further increase the prospects by bringing in direct and indirect employment opportunities. As the project and consequent activities are expected to generate additional employment and income opportunities for the local population, market expansion supported by infrastructural development will foster economic growth in the area. Flow of reliable and adequate power from the proposed plant will not only enhance growth in the region, but will also bring about a change in energy consumption pattern by switching over from other sources of energy. This will ease off burden on the existing biomass.

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8. ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 8.1 Introduction Environmental & Social Management Plan (ESMP) is an implementation plan to mitigate and offset the potential adverse environmental & social impacts of the project and enhance the positive impacts. The project has overall positive impacts by providing a competitive, cost- effective, pollution free reliable mode of solar PV power. 8.2 Environmental & Social Management Process The mitigation measures to be adopted for the implementation of the proposed project include the following:  Environmental Management Plan  Rainwater Harvesting  Clean Development Mechanism  Occupational Health and Safety  Labour Working Conditions  In house Safety plan  Environmental Action and Monitoring Plan  Public Consultation and Information Disclosure Plan  Grievance Redressal Mechanism

8.3 Environment & Social Management Cell The project developer has to established an Environment & Social Management Cell (ESMC) at corporate and site level for day-today implementation of the project. The ESMC is responsible for coordinating and implementing all environmental and social activities. During project implementation, the ESMC will be responsible for reflecting the occurrence of new and significant impacts resulting from project activities and integrating sound mitigation measures into the EMP. The ESMC will include a safeguard specialist and supporting staff, together forming the Environmental and Social Unit, to look at right of way, environmental, social and safety issues. The safeguards specialist will give guidance to the Project Manager and his staff to adopt the environmental good practice while implementing the project. The duties of the Environmental and Social Unit of the ESMC at corporate level are to:

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. Monitor the implementation of m i t i g a t i o n measures during construction and operation phase of the project. . Prepare suitable environmental management reports at various sites. . Advice and coordinating field unit’s activity towards effective environment management. . Prepare environment health and safety manual for the operation of transmission lines/substations. . Advice during project planning/design cells on environmental and social issues while route selection of the alignment at the planning/design stage to avoid negative environmental impact. . Provide training and awareness raising on environmental and social issues related to power transmission projects to the project/contract staff. The duties of the Environmental and Social Unit at site level are to:  Implement the environment policy guidelines and environmental good practices at the sites.  Advise and coordinate the contractor’s activity towards effective environment management.  Implement environment and safety manual.  Carry out environmental and social survey in conjunction with project planning cell.  Make the contractor staff aware of environmental and social issues so that EMP could be managed effectively.

8.4 Labour Deployment and Labour Camp Management Plan The developer shall draw a Labour Deployment & Welfare Management Plan for the proposed solar PV project. The EPC Contractor and the sub-contractor shall ensure the compliance of the labour welfare arrangement plan:  Accommodation for labour – Provision of military tents for accommodating outstation labours  Separate accommodation for women labour- Separate provision of military tents

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for accommodating women labours  Prevention from Insects/Snakes – Carbolic acid bottles shall be buried under the ground surrounding the perimeter of the labour accommodation area to prevent them from the risk of snakes/insects  Sanitation for labour – Portable toilets should be provided for labour. Waste water should be disposed in septic tanks/ soak pits.  Sanitation for women labour- Separate toilets should be provided for women labour.  Water arrangements – Treated water should be made available at site for drinking purpose.  Health arrangements - Tying up with local doctor for any exigencies at site. Also the doctor shall make occasional visits to the site for health check-up of labour  Strict adherence to the labour laws applicable in the area of work shall be ensured at the site.

Figure 13: Rest Rooms at the Site for labours

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Figure 14: Drinking Water Facility at the Site

8.5 Waste Management Plan Scope & Purpose of the Plan

The Waste Management Plan (WMP) identifies the wastes that are likely to be generated during the construction and operation of the proposed plant and documents cradle to grave waste management practices to be employed for their collection, storage, treatment and/or disposal. WMP is intended to serve as a guideline for the project proponent & the contractor to manage wastes effectively during construction and operation phase. The contractor should prepare their own WMP in compliance with this WMP and implement the same during the construction phase. The developer should implement the WMP throughout the operational phase. The developer must ensure proper handling, storage and disposal of wastes generated.

Figure 15: Scrap Yard at the Site

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8.6 Safety & Emergency Plan Safety of both men and material during construction and operation stages are of concern to industries. Keeping in view the safety requirements during construction, operation and maintenance phases, and a safety policy should be formulated for the present solar PV project. Separate safety rules should be prepared for each type of occupation / processes involved in the project in consultation with manufacturer/supplier of equipment and materials and regular safety inspection should be ensured by a competent person of all buildings, equipments, work places and operations.

8.7 Safety Awareness among Workers/Employees Training programmes in safety and accident prevention should be organized at all levels of employees with a view to familiarize them with the general safety rules, safety procedures in various operational activities and to update their knowledge in safety and accident prevention, industrial hygiene and emergency equipment. These training programmes should be conducted periodically in a planned manner to refresh their knowledge. 8.7.1 First Aid Training First aid training programmes should also be conducted for all employees with the help of qualified medical and para-medical staff. The programme should include basic first-aid techniques and should be repeated periodically to refresh knowledge. 8.7.2 Accident Reporting Whenever accidents or dangerous events occur such incidents should be reported immediately and necessary action should be taken as per laws.

8.8 Safety Review Check List A checklist is one of the very useful tools for hazard identification. A checklist should be prepared and used as a final check that nothing has been neglected. The following checklists shall be maintained at the site for period inspection of the equipments/activities:  Erection safety check list.  Safety while working at height checklist  Checklist for housekeeping

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 General safety inspection checklist  Checklist for scaffolding  Crane inspection checklist  Vehicle & earth moving equipment inspection checklist  Electrical safety inspection checklist  Electrical safety inspection report

8.9 Fire Fighting Arrangement Plant should be well equipped with fire protection systems and it should have a fully-fledged fire station.

8.10 In-house Safety Rules and Plan 8.10.1 Safe Access Control  Brief Safety Induction to new entry workers.  Issue of personal protective equipments to all workers by concerned contractor.  Issue of Gate Pass / safety induction card. 8.10.2 House Keeping  Work areas shall be maintained in a neat and orderly manner.  Trash, unused scraps, spills, etc. must be cleaned up as soon as possible.  All work sites must be kept clean, orderly and in good condition. 8.10.3 Emergency Evacuation Plan An emergency situation can happen at any time. Being prepared is more than just knowing emergency routes or contacting the relevant services. In case of a fire or any other emergency, everyone in the site should be familiar with the site evacuation plan. Aisles (passageways), emergency exits and controls must be kept free of materials at all times.

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Figure 16: Emergency Safety Measures

8.10.4 Clothing and other apparel Clothing suitable for the job shall be worn. Long pants and shirts or coveralls should be worn at all times during the work. Ragged or loose clothing and jewelry are not to be worn when operating equipment. Wearing of loose clothes is not allowed near rotating parts/equipments. 8.10.5 Storage, Use & Labelling of chemicals, solvents and paints  All chemicals, solvents and paints are to be stored in accordance with standard/industrial practice in a well-ventilated locker.  All chemicals, solvents and paints must be kept in containers, which are clearly labeled as to the respective contents.  Contractor’s personnel must be instructed in the safe use of the chemicals in accordance with an appropriate written Hazard Communication Program.  Low flash point solvents shall not be used for any washing or cleaning.  The use of gasoline for anything other than the intended purpose is not permitted at the work site. 8.10.6 Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs) The wearing of appropriate personal protective equipment should be used at the worksite as well as any location where hazards exist in the work place.  Head protection (safety helmet)  Eye and face protection (safety goggle & face shield)  Foot protection (safety shoe / gum boot)

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 Hand protection (hand gloves)  Fall protection & full body harness with double lanyards.  Hearing protection in high noise area  Protection from dust inhalation (Dust mask) Proper training for the use and care of such personal protective equipment must be given to all workers at site. The developer must ensure the availability of sufficient quantity of PPEs to all the contract workers and staff. 8.10.7 Overhead work/Work at height  Fall arrester or life line shall be used as applicable for the working at height activity.  Full body safety harnesses and lifelines shall be used by all workers when working above 1.8 m from zero level where it is impractical then to provide adequate work platforms as specified in the safety manual.  Signs reading “Danger – Work Overhead” shall be conspicuously posted.  No person should be allowed to pass under a suspended load.

Figure 17: Training to the workers

8.10.8 Safety during Excavation & Trenching  All trenches 4 feet or more in depth shall at all times be provided with at least one ladder for each.  Standard safe practices for blasting and deep excavation shall be ensured.

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 Warning signs and barricades shall be installed around excavated areas and in the night hours the area shall be kept illuminated to warn pedestrian and vehicular traffic.  Lone worker shall not be allowed to work in any excavated area. 8.10.9 Fire protection & Firefighting training  The developer shall provide appropriate fire protection equipments at work site like portable fire extinguishers and fire buckets at site.  Smoking is not permitted at site.  Any work that has the potential to produce a spark or open flame (e.g. welding, cutting, grinding, and electrical) in the areas where flammable vapors or combustible materials may exist is strictly prohibited without work permit being taken.  All the workers must be trained to operate the firefighting equipments.

Figure 18: Firefighting equipments and training

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8.10.10 Electrical Safety  All electrical connections to be routed through Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker (ELCB)/Residual Current Circuit breaker (RCCB).  Personnel working around electrical equipment shall take precautions to ensure that the equipment is de-energized while work is being conducted on or around such equipment.  Precautions should be taken to ensure that all equipment used is properly grounded and that accidental contact with ungrounded electrical sources is prevented.  The developer shall ensure that a licensed person is deputed to work on electrical systems and connections.

8.11 Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is one of the three mechanisms under the Kyoto Protocol, 1997 that enables developing countries to assist developed countries in meeting their greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction targets. Being a renewable energy source with zero GHG emissions, solar energy becomes eligible under various GHG reduction and climate change mitigation programs. The entire proceeds of carbon credit from approved CDM project, if any, should be retained by the generating company.

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9. GRIEVANCE REDRESSAL MECHANISM Environmental and social grievances should be handled in accordance to the project grievance redress mechanism. Open and transparent dialogue should be maintained with project affected persons as and when needed. The Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) for the project provides an effective approach for complaints and resolution of issues made by the affected community in a reliable way. This mechanism shall remain active throughout the life cycle of the project. The project shall provide a grievance mechanism where employees may raise reasonable work place concerns. The mechanism should involve appropriate level of management involvement and address concerns promptly, using a transparent process that provides feedback to those concerns without any retribution. The developer should initiate the following activities under GRM:

 Inform the affected people about GRM and its functions,  Determine how peoples representatives in the GRM shall be selected, set the procedures and mechanisms adopted for making the complaints  Support the complainants in communicating their grievance and attending the GRM meetings  Implement compliance with a GRMs' decision, its monitoring and communication to the people. A Grievance Redressal Committee (GRC) shall be formed to ensure that the affected people’s grievances on both environmental and social concerns are adequately addressed and thus facilitate timely project implementation.

9.1 Communication with Contractor Staff:

During the construction phase there would be an influx of people into the project area. As these people would have cultural differences with the resident population there are potential that a conflicts may arise because of issues related to the environment, safety and privacy issues of the women in the surrounding villages, spread of various communicable diseases, nuisance caused by workers due to improper sanitation facilities, etc. A communication should be made to all contractor staff with the ‘Dos’ and ‘Don’ts’ and requesting proper behavioural actions and discipline amenable with the local customs and traditions during their association with the project.

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As a part of the GRM, the developer should perform the following actions.

 Continuously collect and analyze complaint/grievance related data  Disseminate the information into its organizational set up  Review and upgrade exiting plans if required

In addition, this procedure will help to improve the project social performance. This is because the number and nature of received complaints including punctuality, nature and effectiveness of grievance redressal are indicators of the manner in which the project is implemented and the behavior of employees and contractors.

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10. PUBLIC CONSULTATION, PARTICIPATION & DISCLOSURE The need for public consultation and disclosure arises from the universal belief that transparency and accountability are fundamental for fulfilling any development mandate and is in strengthening public involvement in the decision making process.

As per ADB’s classification, for all Categories “A” and “B” projects, the project proponent or third party experts must have consulted with project affected communities in a structured and culturally appropriate manner. The public consultation should involve affected communities; the process must ensure their Free, Prior and Informed Consultation (FPIC) and facilitate their informed participation. The following public consultation measures shall be envisaged for the project:

 The developer shall disclose the construction schedule on the notice board at the site location before the commencement of construction works to ensure that local population are notified and informed of said activities.  The developer should involve their local representatives to inform them about the implementation of social and environmental activities  The developer should inform affected peoples through notice displayed at site location on compensation and assistance to be paid for the loss of trees  Attempts shall be made to ensure that vulnerable groups understand the process and their specific needs are taken into account

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11. CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION The proposed project will have number of positive impacts and negative impacts to the existing environment as follows:  Significantly improvement in the economic activities in the surrounding areas due to generation of direct and indirect employment opportunities.  There is negligible removal of trees for the transmission line, which is the main positive impact to the proposed project area. Compensatory afforestation shall take place where tree removal is unavoidable.  Environmental pollution due to cut and fill operations, transportation of construction materials, disposal of debris, nuisance from dust, noise, vehicle fumes, black smoke, vibration are the short term negative impacts due to proposed project.  No reliable baseline information of water, air and noise/vibration exists with respect to transmission line and substation locations.  Proper GRM have to be implemented by the developer to overcome public inconvenience during the proposed project activities.  It is highly recommended to establish a tree replanting programme corresponding number of trees that are cut or even more.

Based on the environmental and social assessment study conducted for the project, the potential adverse environmental impacts can be mitigated to an acceptable level by adequate implementation of the mitigation measures identified in the EMP. Adequate provisions should be made in the project to cover the environmental mitigation and monitoring requirements, and their associated costs.

An environment and social analysis has been carried out looking at various criteria such as topology, air, noise, water resources and water quality, ecology, demography of the area, climate and natural habitat, community and employee health and safety etc. There is no adverse impact on the migration of habitat, any natural existing land resources and effect in the regular life of people. The environment and social impact associated with transmission line project is limited to the extent of construction phase and can be mitigated through a set of recommended measures and adequate provision for environment and social impacts which cover monitoring, measuring and mitigation.

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Most impacts are expected to occur during the construction phase and are considered to be of a temporary nature. The main project impacts are associated with clearing of shrub vegetation, waste management and excavation and movement of soils. As per MoEF memorandum (No.J-11013/41/2006-IA.II(I)) requirement of environment clearance under EIA, "Solar Projects" are not covered by the notification and hence no environmental clearance is required.

From this perspective, the project is expected to have a small "environmental footprint". No endangered or protected species of flora or fauna are reported at the project sites. Adequate provisions have been made for the environmental mitigation and monitoring of predicted impacts, along with their associated costs. Adverse impacts if noticed during implementation will be mitigated using appropriate design and management measures. The Project is not considered highly sensitive or complex. Hence, the proposed project has limited adverse environmental and social impact which can be mitigated following the ESMP & shall be pollution free renewable source of power.

ESIA Report: 70 MW Solar PV Project at Bhadla Solar Park, Rajasthan by Rising Bhadla 2 Pvt. Ltd. 1

Environmental & Social Impact Assessment Report for 70 MW Solar PV Project at Bhadla Solar Park, Jodhpur District, Rajasthan

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Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 6

PROJECT AT A GLANCE ...... 6

GRID CONNECTIVITY ...... 7

CATEGORY OF THE PROJECT ...... 7

ESIA SUMMARY ...... 7 1. PROJECT DETAILS ...... 8

1.1 PROJECT DEVELOPER ...... 8

1.2 PROJECT DETAILS ...... 8 2. PROJECT JUSTIFICATION ...... 11

2.1 INDIAN RENEWABLE ENERGY SCENARIO ...... 11

2.2 RENEWABLE ENERGY SCENARIO OF RAJASTHAN STATE ...... 12

2.3 RAJASTHAN STATE SOLAR POLICY ...... 13

2.4 SOLAR RADIATION PROFILE OF THE SITE ...... 14

2.5 SEISMIC ZONE PROFILE OF THE SITE...... 15

2.6 SOIL TYPE AT THE LOCATION ...... 16

2.7 BENEFITS FROM THE PROJECT ...... 17 3. ESIA STUDY ...... 18

3.1 NEED FOR ESIA STUDY ...... 18

3.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE ESIA STUDY ...... 18

3.3 METHODOLOGY AND APPROACH FOR ESIA STUDY ...... 18

3.4 LEGAL POLICIES & ACTS ...... 19

3.5 ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL IMPACT & MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP) ...... 20

3.6 STRUCTURE OF THE ESIA REPORT ...... 21 4. LEGAL POLICIES & INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ...... 23

4.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 23

4.2 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ...... 23

4.3 DETAILED FRAMEWORK PROCESS OF ADB’S ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ASSESSMENT ...... 23

4.4 LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK ...... 27

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4.5 ENVIRONMENT HEALTH & SAFETY (EHS) POLICY ...... 33 5. EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL CONDITION OF THE PROJECT LOCATION ...... 35

5.1 ENVIRONMENTAL SOCIAL PARAMETERS OF THE SITE ...... 35

5.2 LAND ...... 36

5.3 WATER AVAILABILITY...... 36

5.4 WASTE WATER TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL SYSTEM ...... 36

5.5 TOPOGRAPHY, SOIL CONDITIONS AND LAND USE ...... 37

5.6 CLIMATIC CONDITIONS ...... 37

5.6 DEMOGRAPHICS ...... 40 6. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ...... 41

6.1 DO NOTHING SCENARIO ...... 41

6.2 SITE ALTERNATIVE ...... 41

6.3 PRODUCTION METHODOLOGY ALTERNATIVE ...... 42

6.4 TECHNOLOGY ALTERNATIVE ...... 42 7. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 43

7.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 43

7.2 POTENTIAL IMPACT GENERATION ACTIVITIES ...... 43

7.3 IMPACTS DURING PLANNING AND DESIGN PHASE ...... 44

7.4 IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE ...... 44

7.5 IMPACT DURING OPERATION PHASE ...... 53

7.6 IMPACTS DURING DECOMMISSIONING PHASE ...... 55

7.7 SOCIAL IMPACTS ...... 56 8. ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 58

8.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 58

8.2 ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PROCESS ...... 58

8.3 ENVIRONMENT & SOCIAL MANAGEMENT CELL ...... 58

8.4 LABOUR DEPLOYMENT AND LABOUR CAMP MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 59

8.5 WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN SCOPE & PURPOSE OF THE PLAN ...... 61

8.6 SAFETY & EMERGENCY PLAN ...... 62

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8.7 SAFETY AWARENESS AMONG WORKERS/EMPLOYEES ...... 62

8.8 SAFETY REVIEW CHECK LIST ...... 62

8.9 FIRE FIGHTING ARRANGEMENT ...... 63

8.10 IN-HOUSE SAFETY RULES AND PLAN ...... 63

8.11 CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM (CDM) ...... 67 9. GRIEVANCE REDRESSAL MECHANISM ...... 68

9.1 COMMUNICATION WITH CONTRACTOR STAFF: ...... 68 10. PUBLIC CONSULTATION, PARTICIPATION & DISCLOSURE ...... 70 11. CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION ...... 71

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List of Figures

List of Tables

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) Limited, under the Government of India (GoI) had invited bids for setting up 420 MW solar PV power projects in Bhadla Phase II Solar Park, Jodhpur District, Rajasthan under NSM Phase II Batch II Tranche I. In response to this, M/S Rising Sun Energy Private Limited (RSEPL) had submitted a successful bid for development of this 70 MW capacity solar PV project, which is being developed by the subsidiary, M/S Rising Bhadla 2 Private Limited (RBPL 2). M/S RESPL has appointed Gensol Engineering Private Limited (GEPL) as an independent third party to do Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) study for this project.

Project at a Glance

Table 1: Details of the Project

Proposed Capacity 70 MW/87.5 MWp Proposed Location Location: Bhadla Solar Park, Phase II (Plot 2) Village: Bhadla District: Jodhpur State: Rajasthan Proposed Site Coordinates Latitude: 27.500564° N Longitude:71.923564° E Annual Global Horizontal Irradiation 2025.00 kWh/m1 (GHI) 2 Annual Global Tilt Irradiation (GTI) 2090.00 kWh/m Land available ~346 acres (~140 hectares) Pooling Substation (PSS) 132/220 kV PSS inside the solar park Solar PV Technology Poly C-Si Technology Module Make/Capacity Jinko Solar/320 Wp (JKM 320PP-72-2016)

1 Meteonorm 7.1 2 Meteonorm 7.1

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PV System Mounting Structure Seasonal tilt adjustment (68 MW ac/85 MWp dc) Summer tilt - 5° Winter tilt - 30° Single Axis Tracker (2 MW ac/2.5 MWp dc) Tilted axis: -45° to + 45° Inverters Make/Capacity ABB/1000 kW (PVS800-57-1000kW-C) – 70 Nos.

3 http://www.audit.gov.cn/web734/n737/c83606/part/44526.pdf

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1. PROJECT DETAILS 1.1 Project Developer Rising Bhadla 2 Private Limited4 Rising Group is a private incorporated in September 2014. The company is working on mission mode in the field of renewable energy, particularly solar, to create a portfolio of 1000 MW of solar energy generation by 2020 in grid connected , captive , rooftop & off grid installations cumulatively and also foray into setting up of R&D facility in India in collaboration with global partners. The people at the company are of the opinion that solar energy is the only alternative, specifically in India, for future energy requirements. They setup grid connected utility scale projects, by entering into a PPA with the state or central authorities for a long term period. They also undertake project consultancy from the very nascent stages of the project execution and help in achieving the completion of the project in time-efficient and cost-effective manner. M/S Rising Bhadla 2 Private Limited (RBPL 2) is a wholly owned subsidiary of M/S RSEPL for implementing this proposed 70 MW project.

1.2 Project Details

4 http://www.risingsunenergy.in/about_our_company.html 5 Meteonorm 7.1 6 Meteonorm 7.1

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Average Temperature : 26.55° C Average Wind Speed: 1.6 m/s Water availability Indira Gandhi Nahar canal(~7 km)

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Figure 1: Project Location

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2. PROJECT JUSTIFICATION

Achievements of Renewable Energy Power Projects in India (MW)

30000.00 27674.55

25000.00

20000.00

15000.00

10000.00 8083.17

4310.35 4882.33 5000.00 115.08 0.00 Small Hydro Wind Power Bio-Power Waste to power Solar Power Power

Figure 2: Renewable Energy Installation in India

7 http://mnre.gov.in/mission-and-vision-2/achievements/

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Growth of Solar Generating Capacity (MW)

9000 during 12th plan 8000 8083.17 7000

6000 5775.571 5000 4680.808 4000 3000 2631.93 2000 1686.44 1000 941.31 0 2.12 2.12 6 32.39

Figure 3: Growth of Solar Generation Capacity

Installed Capacity of Power Utilities in Rajasthan (MW) 12000.00 10225.75 10000.00

8000.00

6000.00 5425.20

4000.00 1729.49 2000.00 573.00 0.00 Thermal Hydro RES Nuclear

Figure 4: Installed capacity of power utilities in Rajasthan

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2.4 Solar Radiation Profile of the Site The proposed site has average solar insolation of nearly 5.5-6.0 kWh/m². Hence, more energy generation can be captured from the Solar PV plant.

Figure 5: Solar radiation profile

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Figure 6: Seismic zone profile

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Figure 7: Soil Profile of the Site

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fuels. 1 MW of solar PV plant can reduce about nearly 1.1 to 0.9 Ton of CO2 equivalent per MWh of

energy produced. The PV technology does not produce any noise, toxic-gas emissions, reduces CO2 emission, or greenhouse gases.

Alongside, the project will lead to local area development through creation of jobs for the local population and also increasing general visibility of the area for commercial activities.

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3. ESIA STUDY

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Besides this, the project shall meet the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), Ambient Noise Standards and Effluent Discharge Standards set by CPCB.

3.5 Environmental & Social Impact & Management Plan (ESMP) The mitigation measures to be adopted for the implementation of the proposed project include the following:

 Environmental Management Plan

 Rainwater Harvesting

 Clean Development Mechanism

 Occupational Health and Safety

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 Labour Working Conditions

 Construction Labour Management

 Environmental Action and Monitoring Plan

 Community Development Plan

 Public Consultation and Information Disclosure Plan

 Grievance Redressal Mechanism

 Disaster Management Plan

 Resettlement Plan

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This report is prepared based on the said legislations and structure covering all the objectives of ESIA study.

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4. LEGAL POLICIES & INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK

4.2 Regulatory Framework

4.3 Detailed Framework Process of ADB’s Environmental and Social Assessment 4.3.1 ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009)

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planning and mitigation to address adverse effects of projects throughout the project cycle.

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underdeveloped nature of the area and marked disparity in economic standard of the people). 4.3.2 ADB’s Gender and Development Policy (1998)

4.3.3 ADB’s Social Protection Strategy (2001)

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a r e applicable to the proposed project:  Social & Environmental Assessment and Management Systems

 Labor and Working Conditions

 Community Health and Safety

 Improve or at least restore livelihoods and living standards of displaced persons.

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management system, occupational and community health and safety policy.