Conway Newsletter FA
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Issue 1 Issue September 2007 Issue 1 2007 Issue September september 2007 september Conway secures HEA PRTLI 4 funding Minister for Education & Science, Together, these landmark initiatives will molecular/ translational medicine and Ms Mary Hanafin, TD recently concentrate on providing trained biomedical sciences. announced the latest cycle of HEA researchers for Ireland’s emerging PRTLI funding and awarded UCD biopharmaceutical industry (e.g. Wyeth, Overall, the UCD programmes include €29.838 million; €17.547 million Amgen). There will be a particular focus collaboration with twelve universities capital infrastructure funding for the on the production of biological and institutes: UCC, Trinity College development of the UCD Science therapeutics - molecules produced by Dublin, DCU, NUI Maynooth, University Centre and €12.291 million recurrent cells that can be used to treat common of Limerick, RCSI, Queens University, Cork Institute of Technology, ESRI, funding for projects in the humanities human diseases such as arthritis, kidney Dublin Institute of Technology, and sciences. Within the sciences, disease and inflammatory bowel IT Tallaght, NUI Galway. UCD Conway Institute was involved in disease. two of the four main collaborative The second programme involving UCD Announcing the awards the Minister programmes to receive recurrent Conway is the Biomedical Science said that the PRTLI has helped create a funding. Network, which will facilitate national core physical and human foundation consolidation and co-ordination of for research excellence. “To date, the Complementing existing research research and training activities in the PRTLI has awarded some €605 million programmes in both the Conway and biomedical sciences. In particular, the to innovative research and CSCB (Centre for Synthesis & Chemical programme will support the infrastructural projects across the Biology), the new (Bio)pharmaceutical development of clinical-scientist higher education sector”. & Pharmacological Sciences programme programmes. It is hoped this network builds on the €72m National Institute will be instrumental in delivering a for Bioprocessing Research and Training coherent information portal and (NIBRT), which is being established by nationally accessibly platform for the IDA at Belfield campus. Director’s Message As Director of UCD Conway Institute of Pharmacological Sciences further Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, strengthens the links of the Conway and I am delighted to welcome you to the CSCB with NIBRT in this important area inaugural issue of ‘Conway Focus’. for Ireland. Through this publication, we look forward to highlighting the research Congratulations to Dr Orina Belton, achievements of Conway scientists Dr Patricia Maquire, Dr John Crean and and the events that shape the identity Dr John Baugh on their recent of this Institute on the national and appointments as lecturers and to international stage. Dr Antonio Campos-Torres and Dr Barry Boland on their temporary In recent months, we have been lectureships. defining research strategy and identifying the platforms for future My thanks to the seminar committee for development within the Institute. The the superb programme of the 7th announcement by Minister Mary Hanafin annual UCD Conway Festival of in relation to the 4th round of PRTLI Research, a showcase for the research funding was particularly welcome. The activity of the Institute. I hope you award through the Biomedical Sciences enjoy the day! Network will enhance the Institute’s mission of translational sciences, in Janet Allen particular giving an opportunity to fund clinician-scientist PhD posts. The award in (Bio) pharmaceuticals and UCD CONWAY INSTITUTE OF BIOMOLECULAR & BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH Professor Suzi Jarvis joins UCD Conway with her nanoscale function group Using atomic force microscope (AFM) Jarvis’ group have used AFM to feel the techniques, Professor Jarvis investigates individual molecular bricks that constitute the nanometre-scale functionality of these walls. organic and biological molecules. AFM uses a probe or tip under controlled conditions Water and ions are always present in to build a 3-dimensional image of a biological systems and the group found sample. Frequency modulation AFM that the ions are attracted to multiple (FM-AFM) is an extension of the technique ‘bricks’ thus joining them together and for extra sensitive measurements that is strengthening the wall. used extensively in ultra-high vacuum. The group are also using AFM to pull apart Professor Jarvis pioneered the the individual amyloid fibrils in an effort to implementation of this technique in liquid, understand these self-assembled protein which means that it can now be used for structures. Amyloid has long been studying biological materials under associated with a range of debilitating and physiological conditions. Her own group incurable human diseases but there is now Prof Suzi Jarvis have used the technique to study model growing evidence to suggest that membranes and the membrane-fluid physiological amyloid exists in a diverse Professor Suzi Jarvis and her nanoscale interface on a sub-molecular scale. range of organisms. The Jarvis group has function group recently joined UCD identified amyloid structures in the Conway Institute. Her multidisciplinary One aspect of this research focuses on the attachment adhesives of five species of team has a skills base that includes mechanical properties of biological algae and an invertebrate organism. They physics, electrical and mechanical membranes that act as a wall, either inside hope to discover what triggers amyloid engineering, materials science, or surrounding a cell. The strength of formation in a range of physiological mathematics, chemistry, biology and these walls is important in understanding contexts and also how it can be controlled phycology. how viruses or drugs can enter cells. Suzi so that it does not give rise to disease. International workshop on epigenetics takes place in UCD techniques. There were presentations from international speakers including Prof Wolf Reik, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK; Dr Carole Charlier, University of Liège, Belgium; Prof Stuart Schreiber, Broad Institute of Harvard & MIT, USA and the keynote lecture, sponsored by AIB, was given by Prof Marcus Pembrey, UCL Institute of Child Health, UK. The second day of the workshop entitled Epi-Therapeutics concentrated on epigenetics in development and disease and included speakers such as Dr Joyce Ellen Ohm, Johns Hopkins University, Speakers and organisers pictured at the workshop: (L-R), back: Prof Eamonn Maher, Prof Peter Jones, USA; Prof Michael Skinner, Washington Dr Patrick Corley (Irish Cancer Society), Dr Amanda McCann, Dr Steven Gray, Prof Kevin Sullivan, Dr Dana State University, USA and Dr Dana Dolinoy, Dolinoy, Dr Joyce Ellen Ohm, Dr Mark Watson. (L-R), front: Prof Allen Yang, Dr Hoon Ryu, Prof Michael Skinner. Duke University Medical School, USA. An international workshop entitled components of chromatin that constitute The keynote lecture sponsored by the Epigenetics: From Mechanisms to epigenetic changes can be transmitted Irish Cancer Society was given by Prof Medicines took place in O’Reilly Hall, through multiple generations. This Peter Jones, USC / Norris Comprehensive UCD from 24th-26th June 2007. Under hereditable information system in addition Cancer Center, USA. the auspices of the Dublin Molecular to DNA sequence (epigenome) can account Medicine Centre, UCD Conway for the complexities of human The winner of the best poster talk investigator Dr Amanda McCann was development and disease causation, and ‘Loss of IGF2 imprinting in breast and instrumental in the organisation of the can be affected by environmental factors. colorectal cancer is a somatic epimutation successful event. As we delve into the causes of disease at rather than a congenital event' was Dr the molecular level, the importance of Adele Murrell, University of Cambridge, Epigenetics describes mechanisms and epigenetics is increasingly evident. UK and the best poster prize went to Ms phenomena that affect the phenotype of a Angela O'Gorman, National University of cell or an organism, but do not involve The first day of the conference, Ireland, Galway for the poster entitled changes in the DNA sequence. The entitled Epi-Mechanisms, encompassed ‘I B- as a target for epigenetic silencing modifications of the protein and DNA epigenetic mechanisms and research in colon cancer’. Novel research collaboration between UCD scientists and AstraZeneca to target diabetes A research collaboration to develop metabolism is thought to be common to membrane. Working with scientists at therapeutic strategies to combat all three diseases. the University of São Paulo in Brazil, diabetes has been established Dr Newsholme and his team discovered between AstraZeneca and UCD Stress at cellular level causes metabolic that the plasma membrane associated Conway Institute investigator dysfunction of the cell and it can affect enzyme NADPH oxidase can, under Dr. Philip Newsholme. The new many different cell types such as those certain conditions associated with the venture is the result of novel findings found in the muscle, liver, endothelial, pathogenesis of diabetes, contribute to by Dr Lorraine Brennan and Dr. kidney and the pancreas. The pancreatic mitochondrial dysfunction leading to Newsholme on cell metabolism and beta-cell is of particular interest to beta cell dysfunction and demise. the regulation of insulin secretion Dr. Newsholme as