Object-Oriented Parallel Paradigms
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Automatic Temperature Controls
230900S03 INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL FOR HVAC UK Controls Standard SECTION 230900S03 - AUTOMATIC TEMPERATURE CONTROLS PART 1 - GENERAL RELATED DOCUMENTS: Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions, General Mechanical Provisions and General Requirements, Division 1 Specification Sections apply to the work specified in this section. DESCRIPTION OF WORK: Furnish a BACnet system compatible with existing University systems. All building controllers, application controllers, and all input/output devices shall communicate using the protocols and network standards as defined by ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 135-2001, BACnet. This system shall communicate with the University of Kentucky Facility Management’s existing BACnet head-end software using BACnet/IP at the tier 1 level and BACnet/MSTP at the tier 2 level. No gateways shall be used for communication to controllers installed under section. BACnet/MSTP or BACnet/IP shall be used for all other tiers of communication. No servers shall be used for communication to controllers installed under this section. If servers are required, all hardware and operating systems must be approved by the Facilities Management Controls Engineering Manager and/or the Facilities Management Information Technology Manager. All Building Automation Devices should be located behind the University firewall, but outside of the Medical Center Firewall and on the environmental VLAN. Provide all necessary hardware and software to meet the system’s functional specifications. Provide Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement (PICS) for Windows-based control software and every controller in system, including unitary controllers. These must be in compliance with Front End systems PICS and BIBBS and attached Tridium PICS and BIBBS. -
Scala Tutorial
Scala Tutorial SCALA TUTORIAL Simply Easy Learning by tutorialspoint.com tutorialspoint.com i ABOUT THE TUTORIAL Scala Tutorial Scala is a modern multi-paradigm programming language designed to express common programming patterns in a concise, elegant, and type-safe way. Scala has been created by Martin Odersky and he released the first version in 2003. Scala smoothly integrates features of object-oriented and functional languages. This tutorial gives a great understanding on Scala. Audience This tutorial has been prepared for the beginners to help them understand programming Language Scala in simple and easy steps. After completing this tutorial, you will find yourself at a moderate level of expertise in using Scala from where you can take yourself to next levels. Prerequisites Scala Programming is based on Java, so if you are aware of Java syntax, then it's pretty easy to learn Scala. Further if you do not have expertise in Java but you know any other programming language like C, C++ or Python, then it will also help in grasping Scala concepts very quickly. Copyright & Disclaimer Notice All the content and graphics on this tutorial are the property of tutorialspoint.com. Any content from tutorialspoint.com or this tutorial may not be redistributed or reproduced in any way, shape, or form without the written permission of tutorialspoint.com. Failure to do so is a violation of copyright laws. This tutorial may contain inaccuracies or errors and tutorialspoint provides no guarantee regarding the accuracy of the site or its contents including this tutorial. If you discover that the tutorialspoint.com site or this tutorial content contains some errors, please contact us at [email protected] TUTORIALS POINT Simply Easy Learning Table of Content Scala Tutorial .......................................................................... -
1 Aliasing and Immutability
Vocabulary: Accessors & Mutators Computer Science and Engineering The Ohio State University Accessor: A method that reads, but never changes, the Aliasing and Immutability (abstract) state of an object Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering The Ohio State University Concrete representation may change, so long as change is not visible to client eg Lazy initialization Examples: getter methods, toString Lecture 8 Formally: restores “this” Mutator method: A method that may change the (abstract) state of an object Examples: setter methods Formally: updates “this” Constructors not considered mutators A Fixed Epoch Interface A Broken Time Period Class Computer Science and Engineering The Ohio State University Computer Science and Engineering The Ohio State University // Interface cover story goes here public class Period implements FixedEpoch { // Mathematical modeling … private Date start; // constructor private Date end; // requires start date < end date // initializes start and end dates // operations have specifications based on the model public Period(Date start, Date end) { // exercises … this.start = start; this.e nd = e nd; public interface FixedEpoch { } public Date getStart(); public Date getEnd(); } public Date getStart() { return start; } public Date getEnd() { return end; } } Problem: Aliasing A Better Period Class Computer Science and Engineering The Ohio State University Computer Science and Engineering The Ohio State University Assignment in constructor creates an alias public class Period -
Functional Programming Inside OOP?
Functional Programming inside OOP? It’s possible with Python >>>whoami() Carlos Villavicencio ● Ecuadorian θ ● Currently: Python & TypeScript ● Community leader ● Martial arts: 剣道、居合道 ● Nature photography enthusiast po5i Cayambe Volcano, 2021. >>>why_functional_programming ● Easier and efficient ● Divide and conquer ● Ease debugging ● Makes code simpler and readable ● Also easier to test >>>history() ● Functions were first-class objects from design. ● Users wanted more functional solutions. ● 1994: map, filter, reduce and lambdas were included. ● In Python 2.2, lambdas have access to the outer scope. “Not having the choice streamlines the thought process.” - Guido van Rossum. The fate of reduce() in Python 3000 https://python-history.blogspot.com/2009/04/origins-of-pythons-functional-features.html >>>has_django_fp() https://github.com/django/django/blob/46786b4193e04d398532bbfc3dcf63c03c1793cb/django/forms/formsets.py#L201-L213 https://github.com/django/django/blob/ca9872905559026af82000e46cde6f7dedc897b6/django/forms/formsets.py#L316-L328 Immutability An immutable object is an object whose state cannot be modified after it is created. Booleans, strings, and integers are immutable objects. List and dictionaries are mutable objects. Thread safety >>>immutability def update_list(value: list) -> None: def update_number(value: int) -> None: value += [10] value += 10 >>> foo = [1, 2, 3] >>> foo = 10 >>> id(foo) >>> update_number(foo) 4479599424 >>> foo >>> update_list(foo) 10 >>> foo 樂 [1, 2, 3, 10] >>> id(foo) 4479599424 >>>immutability def update_number(value: int) -> None: print(value, id(value)) value += 10 print(value, id(value)) >>> foo = 10 >>> update_number(foo) 10 4478220880 ڃ 4478221200 20 >>> foo 10 https://medium.com/@meghamohan/mutable-and-immutable-side-of-python-c2145cf72747 Decorators They are functions which modify the functionality of other functions. Higher order functions. -
High Performance Platforms
High Performance Platforms Salvatore Orlando High Perfoamnce Computing - S. Orlando 1 Scope of Parallelism: the roadmap towards HPC • Conventional architectures are coarsely comprised of – processor, memory system, I/O • Each of these components presents significant performance bottlenecks. – It is important to understand each of these performance bottlenecks to reduce their effects • Parallelism addresses each of these components in significant ways to improve performance and reduce the bottlenecks • Applications utilize different aspects of parallelism, e.g., – data intensive applications utilize high aggregate memory bandwidth – server applications utilize high aggregate network bandwidth – scientific applications typically utilize high processing and memory system performance High Perfoamnce Computing - S. Orlando 2 Implicit Parallelism: Trends in Microprocessor Architectures • Microprocessor clock speeds have posted impressive gains over the past two decades (two to three orders of magnitude) – there are limits to this increase, also due to power consumption and heat dissipation • Higher levels of device integration have made available a large number of transistors – the issue is how best to transform these large amount of transistors into computational power • Single-core processors use these resources in multiple functional units and execute multiple instructions in the same cycle. • The precise manner in which these instructions are selected and executed provides impressive diversity in architectures. High Perfoamnce Computing - S. Orlando 3 ILP High Perfoamnce Computing - S. Orlando 4 Instruction Level Parallelism • Pipelining overlaps various stages of instruction execution to achieve performance • At a high level of abstraction, an instruction can be executed while the next one is being decoded and the next one is being fetched. • This is akin to an assembly line for manufacture of cars. -
Multiprocessing Contents
Multiprocessing Contents 1 Multiprocessing 1 1.1 Pre-history .............................................. 1 1.2 Key topics ............................................... 1 1.2.1 Processor symmetry ...................................... 1 1.2.2 Instruction and data streams ................................. 1 1.2.3 Processor coupling ...................................... 2 1.2.4 Multiprocessor Communication Architecture ......................... 2 1.3 Flynn’s taxonomy ........................................... 2 1.3.1 SISD multiprocessing ..................................... 2 1.3.2 SIMD multiprocessing .................................... 2 1.3.3 MISD multiprocessing .................................... 3 1.3.4 MIMD multiprocessing .................................... 3 1.4 See also ................................................ 3 1.5 References ............................................... 3 2 Computer multitasking 5 2.1 Multiprogramming .......................................... 5 2.2 Cooperative multitasking ....................................... 6 2.3 Preemptive multitasking ....................................... 6 2.4 Real time ............................................... 7 2.5 Multithreading ............................................ 7 2.6 Memory protection .......................................... 7 2.7 Memory swapping .......................................... 7 2.8 Programming ............................................. 7 2.9 See also ................................................ 8 2.10 References ............................................. -
Enforcing Abstract Immutability
Enforcing Abstract Immutability by Jonathan Eyolfson A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Electrical and Computer Engineering Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2018 © Jonathan Eyolfson 2018 Examining Committee Membership The following served on the Examining Committee for this thesis. The decision of the Examining Committee is by majority vote. External Examiner Ana Milanova Associate Professor Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Supervisor Patrick Lam Associate Professor University of Waterloo Internal Member Lin Tan Associate Professor University of Waterloo Internal Member Werner Dietl Assistant Professor University of Waterloo Internal-external Member Gregor Richards Assistant Professor University of Waterloo ii I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. iii Abstract Researchers have recently proposed a number of systems for expressing, verifying, and inferring immutability declarations. These systems are often rigid, and do not support “abstract immutability”. An abstractly immutable object is an object o which is immutable from the point of view of any external methods. The C++ programming language is not rigid—it allows developers to express intent by adding immutability declarations to methods. Abstract immutability allows for performance improvements such as caching, even in the presence of writes to object fields. This dissertation presents a system to enforce abstract immutability. First, we explore abstract immutability in real-world systems. We found that developers often incorrectly use abstract immutability, perhaps because no programming language helps developers correctly implement abstract immutability. -
Exploring Language Support for Immutability
Exploring Language Support for Immutability Michael Coblenz∗, Joshua Sunshine∗, Jonathan Aldrich∗, Brad Myers∗, Sam Webery, Forrest Shully May 8, 2016 CMU-ISR-16-106 This is an extended version of a paper that was published at ICSE [11]. Institute for Software Research School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213 ∗School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA ySoftware Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA This material is supported in part by NSA lablet contract #H98230-14-C-0140, by NSF grant CNS-1423054, and by Contract No. FA8721-05-C-0003 with CMU for the operation of the SEI, a federally funded research and development center sponsored by the US DoD. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of any of the sponsors. Keywords: Programming language design, Programming language usability, Immutability, Mutability, Program- mer productivity, Empirical studies of programmers Abstract Programming languages can restrict state change by preventing it entirely (immutability) or by restricting which clients may modify state (read-only restrictions). The benefits of immutability and read-only restrictions in software structures have been long-argued by practicing software engineers, researchers, and programming language designers. However, there are many proposals for language mechanisms for restricting state change, with a remarkable diversity of tech- niques and goals, and there is little empirical data regarding what practicing software engineers want in their tools and what would benefit them. We systematized the large collection of techniques used by programming languages to help programmers prevent undesired changes in state. -
1 Immutable Classes
A Broken Time Period Class Computer Science and Engineering The Ohio State University public class Period { private Date start; Immutable Classes private Date end; Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering The Ohio State University public Period(Date start, Date end) { assert (start.compareTo(end) > 0); //start < end this.start = start; this.end = end; Lecture 8 } public Date getStart() { return start; } public Date getEnd() { return end; } } Questions Problem: Aliasing Computer Science and Engineering The Ohio State University Computer Science and Engineering The Ohio State University What is an invariant in general? Assignment in constructor creates an alias Ans: Client and component both have references to the same Date object Class invariant can be undermined via alias What is an invariant for class Period? Date start = new Date(300); Ans: Date end = new Date (500); Period p = new Period (start, end); end.setTime(100); //modifies internals of p Why is this an invariant for this class? Solution: “defensive copying” Ans: Constructor creates a copy of the arguments Copy is used to initialize the private fields Metaphor: ownership A Better Period Class Good Practice: Copy First Computer Science and Engineering The Ohio State University Computer Science and Engineering The Ohio State University public class Period { private Date start; When making a defensive copy of private Date end; constructor arguments: public Period(Date start, Date end) { First copy the arguments assert (start.compareTo(end) > -
Adding Crucial Features to a Typestate-Oriented Language
João Daniel da Luz Mota Bachelor in Computer Science and Engineering Coping with the reality: adding crucial features to a typestate-oriented language Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Computer Science and Engineering Adviser: António Maria Lobo César Alarcão Ravara, Associate Professor, NOVA School of Science and Technology Co-adviser: Marco Giunti, Researcher, NOVA School of Science and Technology Examination Committee Chair: Hervé Miguel Cordeiro Paulino, Associate Professor, NOVA School of Science and Technology Rapporteur: Ornela Dardha, Lecturer, School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow Members: António Maria Lobo César Alarcão Ravara Marco Giunti February, 2021 Coping with the reality: adding crucial features to a typestate-oriented lan- guage Copyright © João Daniel da Luz Mota, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon. The NOVA School of Science and Technology and the NOVA University Lisbon have the right, perpetual and without geographical boundaries, to file and publish this dissertation through printed copies reproduced on paper or on digital form, or by any other means known or that may be invented, and to disseminate through scientific repositories and admit its copying and distribution for non-commercial, educational or research purposes, as long as credit is given to the author and editor. Acknowledgements Throughout the writing of this thesis I have received a great deal of support and assis- tance. I would first like to thank my adviser, Professor António Ravara, and co-adviser, Re- searcher Marco Giunti, for the guidance and direction provided. Your feedback was crucial and allowed me to organize my work and write this thesis. -
Declare Immutable Variables Javascript
Declare Immutable Variables Javascript Burgess is thrombolytic and vilifies impulsively while demolished Harland individualise and leafs. Which Wayne sense so strongly that Wain pots her isogonals? Rhombic and biserrate Thorsten bike so unhurriedly that Merill marauds his lamias. These leaky states used inside solidity supports var to declare variables So you have an array, in the form consult a hall of ingredients. First focus on the same operation, this is called? You can both of properties like fields of love record. We declare variables declared and immutability helps us to do this. If that immutability of variable at the same value cannot, but what the redundancy in shape, when the function body of arbitrary objects. But display what bird it that database contain? Tired of immutability. You cannot mutate an immutable object; instead, you must mutate a copy of it, leaving the original intact. What does this actually be created a constructor code includes the code from the contract has finished executing the answer. The outside example shows a simple class A which picture a red field _f. You can even return another function as an output, and pass that to yet another function! But there are now also global variables that are not properties of the global object. One to the many challenges of user interface programming is solving the symbol of change detection. We would disturb that it later not level be assign to array the user to retype. Other variables declared having immutable, immutability disallowed any type inference for object literal or kotlin, though it removes the. -
Functional Programming Patterns in Scala and Clojure Write Lean Programs for the JVM
Early Praise for Functional Programming Patterns This book is an absolute gem and should be required reading for anybody looking to transition from OO to FP. It is an extremely well-built safety rope for those crossing the bridge between two very different worlds. Consider this mandatory reading. ➤ Colin Yates, technical team leader at QFI Consulting, LLP This book sticks to the meat and potatoes of what functional programming can do for the object-oriented JVM programmer. The functional patterns are sectioned in the back of the book separate from the functional replacements of the object-oriented patterns, making the book handy reference material. As a Scala programmer, I even picked up some new tricks along the read. ➤ Justin James, developer with Full Stack Apps This book is good for those who have dabbled a bit in Clojure or Scala but are not really comfortable with it; the ideal audience is seasoned OO programmers looking to adopt a functional style, as it gives those programmers a guide for transitioning away from the patterns they are comfortable with. ➤ Rod Hilton, Java developer and PhD candidate at the University of Colorado Functional Programming Patterns in Scala and Clojure Write Lean Programs for the JVM Michael Bevilacqua-Linn The Pragmatic Bookshelf Dallas, Texas • Raleigh, North Carolina Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and The Pragmatic Programmers, LLC was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial capital letters or in all capitals.