Class Actinobacteria Subclass Actinobacteridae Order Actinomycetales Suborder Streptosporangineae Family Thermomonosporaceae Genus Actinocorallia

Compendium of Actinobacteria from Dr. Joachim M. Wink, University of Braunschweig

Copyright: PD Dr. Joachim M. Wink, HZI - Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbH, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany, Mail: [email protected]. Compendium of Actinobacteria from Dr. Joachim M. Wink, University of Braunschweig

The Genus Actinocorallia

To the genus Actinocorallia belongs the type species Actinocorallia herbida . In 2001 Zhang et al. transferred Actinomadura aurantiaca, glomerata, libanotica and longicatena to the genus Actinocorallia.

Long chains of nonmotile spores are borne in a cluster at the tips of sporophores directly branched from the substrate mycelium.

The cell wall type is type III containing meso-diaminopimelic acid and no significant amount of glycine, and no diagnostic sugar is found in the whole cells (type C). The major menaquinones are MK-9(H 4) and MK- 9(H 6) and phospholipid type is type II containing phosphatidylethanolamine as a diagnostic phospholipid. The cellular fatty acid composition is straight-monounsaturated type, but unlike patterns of Nocardia and related taxa, 10-methyl acids were not detected.Mycolic acids are absent.

Type species is Actinocorallia herbida.

Lit.: Iinuma, S., A. Yokota, T. Hasegawa and T. Kanamaru. 1994 Actinocorallia gen. nov., a new genus of the order Actinomycetales. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 44: 230-234

Zhang, Z., Kudo, T., Nakajima, Y. and Wang, Y. 2001 Clarification of the relationship between the members of the family Thermomonosporaceae on the basis of 16S rDNA, 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer and 23S rDNA sequences and chemotaxonomic analyses Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 51: 373-383

Genus Identity Card

Genus Actinocorallia

Wall chemotype meso-DAP (type III)

Whole cell sugar pattern none (type C)

Fatty acid pattern straight-monounsaturated type

Major menaquinone (MK) -9(H 4), (H 6)

Phospholipidtype phosphatidylethanolamine

Mol% G+C of DNA 69-71

Morphology long chains of nonmotile spores are born in a cluster at the tips of sporophores directly branched from the substrate mycelium

Actinocorallia herbida

Name: ACTINOCORALLIA Authors: Iinuma et al. 1994 emend. Zhang et al. 2001 Status: New Genus Type species: A. herbida Reference(s): Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 44:233

Name: Actinocorallia aurantiaca Authors: (Lavrova and Preobrazhenskaya 1975) Zhang et al. 2001 Status: New Combination Reference(s): Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 51:381 Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: DSM 43924, IMET 9577, INA 1933, JCM 8201 Other names: Actinomadura aurantiaca (basonym)

Name: Actinocorallia glomerata Authors: (Itoh et al. 1996) Zhang et al. 2001 Status: New Combination Reference(s): Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 51:381 Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: DSM 44360, I-226, JCM 9376 Other names: Actinomadura glomerata (basonym)

Name: Actinocorallia herbida (Type species) Authors: Iinuma et al. 1994 Status: New Species Reference(s): Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 44:233 Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: AL-50780, DSM 44254, IFO 15485

Name: Actinocorallia libanotica Authors: (Meyer 1981) Zhang et al. 2001 Status: New Combination Reference(s): Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 51:381 Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: DSM 43554, IFO 14095, IMET 9616 Other names: Actinomadura libanotica (basonym)

Name: Actinocorallia longicatena Authors: (Itoh et al. 1996) Zhang et al. 2001 Status: New Combination Reference(s): Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 51:381 Risk group: 1 (German classification) Type strain: DSM 44361, I-497, JCM 9377 Other names: Actinomadura longicatena (basonym)

Genus: Actinocorallia FH 2871 Species: herbida Numbers in other collections: IFO 15485 Morphology: G R ISP 2 sparse ivory A SP none ivory G R ISP 3 good light ivory A SP none light ivory G R ISP 4 good orange brown A SP none orange brown G R ISP 5 sparse orange brown A SP none orange brown G R ISP 6 sparse light ivory A SP none light ivory G R ISP 7 sparse light ivory A SP none light ivory

Spore chains: Spore surface: Sporangia: Fragmentation: Melanoid pigment: - - - - NaCl resistance: 0 % Lysozyme resistance: pH: Value- Optimum- Temperature : Value- Optimum 28°C Carbon utilization: Glu Ara Suc Xyl Ino Man Fru Rha Raf Cel ------Enzymes: Gel Cit Ure Arg Onp Trp Lys Odc VP Ind H2S - + + - + ------2+ 3- 4+ 5- 6+ 7+ 8+ 9+ 10- 11+ 12+ 13- 14+ 15- 16+ 17+ 18+ 19- 20- Comments:

Actinocorallia herbida

A and B – Agar plates medium 5006, 5265 and 5315

Actinocorallia herbida

Scanning electron microscopy of corallioform branching mycelium C x 5000 D - F x 7500

Copyright: PD Dr. Joachim M. Wink, HZI - Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbH, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany, Mail: [email protected].