Washington, Adams and Jefferson

Washington, Adams and Jefferson

Washington, Adams and Jefferson

Focus Question: How did foreign policy challenges and political debate shape American government?

Washington’s Farewell /
  • 1796
  • Washington sets an example for future presidents
  • Will serve only 2 terms
  • Washington’s accomplishments
  • Western frontier opened to settlement
  • Has kept the U.S. out of a European war
  • Has paid down much of the national debt
  • Warning in his Farewell Address
  • Avoid “entangling alliances” with other nations that could drag us into war
Note: Many believe that if it were not for Washington, America would have failed
Election of 1796 /
  • John Adams (Massachusetts)
  • Federalist
  • Thomas Jefferson (Virginia)
  • Democratic Republican
  • Adams becomes 2nd President
  • Jefferson will become Vice-President

The John Adams Administration /
  • Washington D.C.
  • First 2 temporary Capitals
  • Difficult situation for Adams
  • 2nd President following a beloved president George Washington
  • Has few friends and many enemies
  • The French and Jefferson are angry about The Jay Treaty
  • French begin seizing American ships

The XYZ Affair /
  • Adams sends representatives to France
  • Americans are bribed by French Secret Agents
  • Adams infuriated
  • Congress authorizes building a Navy
  • Both sides firing upon each other and seizing each other’s ships

Alien and Sedition Acts /
  • 1798
  • Adams takes advantage of the people’s support
  • Tries to silence the Democratic Republicans
  • Alien Act
  • Sedition Act

The Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions /
  • Tensions increase between Federalists and Democratic Republicans due to the Alien and Sedition Acts
  • Virginia and Kentucky feel the Alien & Sedition Acts are unconstitutional
  • Right to refuse to enforce acts a state feels in unconstitutional

The Election of 1800 /
  • The election becomes ugly for both candidates
  • Jefferson accuses Adams of being a monarchist
  • Federalists accuse Jefferson of being a “Godless” man for his affairs with his slaves
  • Jefferson beats Adams, but ties with another candidate
  • The Constitution did not have a solution if there was a tie for president
  • Federalists control the House
  • Hamilton supports Jefferson
  • Has lost support of many Federalists and American citizens
Note: After this election, the Constitution is amended to require the President and Vice President to be elected separately
A Peaceful transition of power /
  • March 4, 1801
  • This is the first time a sitting president leaves office due to losing reelection
  • There has been a peaceful transition of power between every outgoing and incoming president since