91 r- 3 AS.// X 77
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UNITED STATES. GREAT BRITAIN. FRANCE.
June 24TH, 1873. May i6th, 1877. May i8th, 1877.
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UNITED STATES. GREAT BRITAIN. Registered No. 5,896. Registered No. 15,979.
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a wrong inflicted upon us by a member of a given race upon another member who may be entirely innocent of it is peculiarly an Indian characteristic. The tragic story of .Guadenhiitten would seem to show that to.V*.~ H it is rather a characteristic of barbarous human nature. The assertion that the Mo¬ ravian Indians were in league with the Bate, i hostiles was but a pretext, which an to.:/#.; pir « ' if . examination of all the facts of the case completely dissipates. They were simply unoffending people who under the influence EARlfY^MORAVIAN INDIAN B of the most devoted of missionaries had WORK. been converted to a very practical Christi¬ / /C anity. Their peaceful, industrious settle¬ I. ments in the wilderness, where church, A chapter upon the Moravians in “ The schoolhouse, orchards and gardens, and
(Making of Pennsylvania ” contains a para¬ cultivated fields were the wonder of white graph whichbears upon one of the most in¬ visitors, testified to how completely they had teresting episodes in the early history of been weaned from wild life. So substantial ithis State. Speaking of this remarkable and admirable was the work done for these 'body of Christians the author says : “They Indians by the Moravians that had it been were among the first who carefully studied permitted to grow undisturbed there can be Indian customs j they formed successful no reasonable doubt that all the wild tribes communities among the savages near Beth¬ with whom the Moravians came in contact lehem and also as far west as the Ohio. would gradually have become civilized But the coming on of the French and In¬ and ultimately absorbed among our own dian War destroyed the fruits of all their people. That this happy result was never efforts, as it destroyed all that Penn and attained must be admitted by unpreju¬ the Quakers had done. The flourishing diced students of our Indian history to Indian community of the Moravians in be as much due to the barbarism and in¬ j Ohio became suspected of being in league justice of the white race as to the atrocities with the hostile tribes, and was destroyed of the savage Indians. When in 1756 the by the white settlers.” There is chance for French and Indian War broke upon our a little confusion here, and the statement Pennsylvania frontier, and later during the needs further elucidation. The community Pontiac War of 1763, our people, exasper¬ referred to was Gnadenhiitten (Habitations ated by their horrors, found the Christian of Crace), a Moravian Indian village on Indians a more convenient object of ven¬ the Tuscarawas River, in what is at present geance than the wild ones. Bishop De the State of Ohio. This was destroyed by Schweinitz, treating of the history of this a party of Pennsylvania volunteers, not, as time and of the Pontiac War, in his life of the foregoing paragraph would lead the David Zeisberger says : “ Especial bitter¬ reader to infer, during the French and In- ness was manifested by the Scotch-Irish dIa? War or as a result of it, but at the close settlers, in whom the zeal of their fore¬ of the War of the Revolution. The precise fathers had degenerated into fierce fanati¬ date of its destruction was March 7, 1782. cism upon the subject of the aborigines of We wish Mr. Fisher had thrown a little America. They professed to believe that more light on this massacre of Christian the Indians were the Canaanites of the Indians by white men, nominally Christians Western World ; that God’s command to so that the balance of truth might be the Joshua to utterly destroy these nations held better preserved, and so that many readers good with regard to the savages also, and who have been instructed from childhood that, therefore, the whole Indian race ought in every incident of Indian atrocity which to be exterminated, and that the war then reddens the pages of our national history raging was a judgment from the Most High might learn that our own people have been because this had not been accomplished.” guilty on more than one occasion of equal Knowing the danger which they ran, the.; I barbarism. But doubtless the author felt / Christian Indians appealed to the Governor he had not space for this digression. We I for protection. This he accorded them, ' are accustomed to considamhat revenge for ; 1 an(l_at the same time suggested that ; ■1 which the lhdians bore with extraordinary ! ome visible apparent badge of distinction ■ # should be agreed on by which they might patience. be known to befriends. Squire Horsfield, But the i oint which seems to us of great¬ to whom this duty was assigned, drew up est interest n this matter, and in treating eight articles describing their appearance, which briefly we wish to conclude this first regulating their conduct when meeting paper, is, with what degree of justice was white men, and calling upon both soldiers the charge brought, against these Christian and civilians “ not to upbraid these In- Indians of complicity in the murder of | dians with the acts of other Iudians, Wetterhold, and his men? This charge nor spitefully to treat them, nor to threaten was at onje brought, as similar charges to shoot them.” This plan served its pur¬ were alwayp preferred when any outrages pose for a time, but on the night of August by Indians Were committed. It is disposed 20, 1763, an event occurred which clearly of completeljy by Bishop De Sch weinitz, from showed what savage brutality our own whom we again quote in closing : “ The au¬ civilization can be guilty of. “ Zacharias, thor of the‘Conspiracy of Pontiac,’ p. 422, his wife and little child, and Zipora, all says that thfe charges against the Moravian Christian Iudians, on their way to Long Iudians of having taken part in the mur¬ Island, a village on the Susquehanna, were ders in Northampton County ‘were never tranquilly sleeping in a barn near Bucha- fully confuted,’ and adds, ‘ it is highly prob¬ buchka Creek, relying for protection on able that some of them were disposed to Captain Jaeob Wetterhold and his com¬ sympathize With their heathen countrymen.’ pany, who happened to be quartered at the I am sorry that he has marred, his interest¬ same place, when suddenly these very pro¬ ing and valuable work by such an imputa¬ tectors, who happened to have been drink¬ tion upon the memory of the Moravian ing hard, fell upon and murdered them all, Indians, and as this is a matter of import¬ not sparing even the mother and her child, / ance, because it serves to illustrate the although she knelt at their feet in an agony' .complete change produced in their hearts and besought them to have mercy!” This! by the Gospel, I here give the proof which act, which was by no means without counter establishes their innocence: 1. AH the re¬ part in the history of our State, was virtu j cords of the missionaries positively assert ally the beginning of the Paxton Insurrec ! it, which these records would not do if they tion, which led to the dispersion of the! had been guilty ; for in a later period, when Moravian converts and their flight, under! the mission had been transferred to Ohio, the leadership of their missionaries, to seek^ such converts as took part in the wars are protection from the British garrison at mentioned in the diaries of the missiona Philadelphia, but not to the complete ruin of ries and were excluded from church fellow the Moravian missions among the Indians. ship. 2. The peculiar discipline observed in That final disaster was reserved until the all Moravian Indian congregations rendere ’ “ Massacre of Gnadeuhiitten,” to which we it almost impossible for a convert to join have already referred, at the close of our war party without being detected ; and thi struggle with Great Britain. It was during discipline in the Pontiac War was particu the following month of October that larly strict, the missionaries at Nain am Captain Wetterhold and some of his men Wechquetank keeping an exact journal o were killed by a party of wild Indians in where each convert spent every day an revenge for the murder of Zacharias and night. (Letter from Bishop Boehler t his family. The intense feeling against Governor Hamilton, B. A.) 3. The Wech all Indians which this event awakened in quetank Indians in July and August, 1763 Northampton County finally led to the adoption of a plan by which, most unjustly twice actually prevented of their own and unfortunately, these Christian Indians accord attacks upon the settlements by per¬ were removed to Philadelphia. We do suading'the warriors who stopped in their not intend to follow their wanderings on town to return to the West. 4. When the this pitiful journey, which proved to be a Indians removed from Wechquetank their prolonged and destructive exile to them, nearest white neighbors, who certainly knew further than to say that everywhere on the them well, petitioned the Governor to send road, and especially in Germantown, they them back, stating that these Indians were were greeted with hootings and threats of the best safe-guard they could have against death, which with difficulty the Sheriff the assaults of the savages. 5. The Indian prevented from being carried outfall of who was afterward accused of having •>vv acts-Of savagerevenge upon innocentand ceeding sketchitismyintentiontogive yet thereisaperversebrutality inourrace which hasinallourhistory flamedoutin is ordinarilygentlerthan awhiteman,and An Indianwhohasonce becomepeaceful in theirdispositionaudtemperofmind. plete isthechangewhichhasbeeneffected dians inourownWest,andIcantestify from closepersonalexperiencehowcom¬ guidance ofwhitemissionariesandteachers 1 haveknownhundredsofChristianIn¬ and whowerelivingundertheconstant their dailylivesthepreceptsofChristianity 1 much°Dar,eSfihadaccon)Pushedwithso| dustrious Indianfarmers,whocarriedinto murderous paintedsavages,andquiet,in- them tomakenodiscriminationbetween it wasbothunjustandshort-sightedin fered soseverelyfromtheseravages,should quite naturalthattheWhites,whohadsuf¬ 1 tolilDeXaudconcludingpaperI'h’ope’ be indignantagainsttheIndianrace,but | andexecuted.Thisaloneiscoi^ulkvj 1 ofeviTmenhwho,couldnotresi7st:thl.iai$j mitted uponthefrontiersettlers.Itwas pathizing withandaidingtheirsavage guiltless weretheseIndianconvertsof brethren intheatrocitieswhichtheycom¬ the chargesbroughtagainstthemofsym¬ dians. r06am°ngtheDelawareIn-] of thesepapersisinparttoshowhow tell thestoryofthatmassacre.Theobject | Y>St,onwasdeclarednotguiltyBy!a’iur^ close—the MassacreofGnadenhutten.I I p'afandwl™,wasarrestedtriedat rJ7 u°meacc,ountofthemassacre «ome accountoftheeventswhichprecede work whichZeisbergerandhisassocfated Gnadenhutten, whichdestroyedthegreat' was broughttoadisastrousandmelancholv had blossomedintoextraordinarypromise the finaltragedy—bywhichaworkthat conspiracy ofPontiacin1760.Inthissuc¬ iope, inathirdandconcludingpaper,to the universaldesiretoseehimcondemned.1 result oftheFrenchandIndianWarin the MoravianIndianvillages,whichwasa ,, evidencebroughtinhisfavorspiteof i-iob andofthewarprecipitatedby of theeventsleadingtodestruction EARLY MORAVIANINDIAN In myfirstpaperItoucheduponsome WORK. II. upon theIrishsettfe- - 14603 nor theIndian Superintendentwere con- that neither theGovernorofNew York State. Thiswasdonewith somuchhaste solved tosendtheunfortunate Indians, sioned inthemindsofGovernorJohn to SirWilliamJohnson inNewYork against whomallthiswrath wasdirected, with theutmostprecipitation itwasre¬ Penn andhisCouncilwas sogreatthat than tosaythatthealarmwhichitocca¬ fenseless conditionofthefrontierandfor insurrection orofitsdissolution,further the ravagesofhostileIndians.Itis fluence washeldresponsibleforthede¬ timent ofthefrontiercountiesstrongly not necessarytogivethedetailsof against theSocietyofFriends,whosein¬ supported theinsurgentsandwasdirected spared. Thiswasthebeginningof the refugeesonProvinceIsland.Thesen¬ understood, withtheintentionofdestroying rioters marchedonPhiladelphia,itwas in which,aswillbeexplainedalittlelater, movement calledthePaxtoninsurrection, caster jail.Neitherwomannorchildwas their protectionbytheSheriffinLan¬ found thereandsubsequentlymurderedall the remainder,whohadbeencollectedfor other villages,ofharboringarmedsavages. boring Scotch-IrishsettlersofPaxton,and village, killedthesixIndianswhowere Matthew Smith,withaboutfiftymenunder They wereasqualidbutinoffensivegroup, as theManorofConestoga,nearLancaster. estoga Indians,asmallclannumbering excitement hadfreshfueladdedtothem. his command,attackedthisunprotected who were,however,accusedbytheneigh¬ about twenty,wholivedonatractknown This resultedfromthemurderofCon¬ steadily continued.Thepeacefulstrains £jiju°be>iya$’giyqti inthepreviouspaper,found ierp^rtin recentfrontierhistory. bles wereover,buttheflamesofpopular recently echoed.Theythoughttheirtrou¬ fierce cries,demandingtheirmurder,with far overthewatersofDelaware,and of theportPhiladelphia.Theauthori¬ e ’fefqgefhorfl’theviolenceofmobon which thestreetsofPhiladelphiahadso of theirmidnighthymnscouldbeheard buildings. Theirreligiousserviceswere lodging theIndiansintwolargehospital ties didwhattheycouldfortheircomfort, that timeconstitutedthesummerquarantine must havebeenincuriouscontrasttothe the devotedmissionariesZeisbergerand defenseless Indians.Thetreatmentofthe Province Island,intheDelaware,whichat \ihx>seflight £0Philadelphiaunderchargeof *• 'Th\e■M’oj-ay'ianIndians,anaccountof Moravian convertshasfoundmanyacoun- suited in the matter. Then followed a EARLY MORAVIAN INDIAirJ fruitless journey of three weeks, for Gov¬ WORK. iti ernor Cobden would not reqeiye . tho • • • •. in Indians when they arrived. /Biitttjiis/jqiy/ 1 V • III. vh ney, if it accomplished nothing p*r<5-*’* JJ js curious that the Scotch-Irish p duced a deep impression upon the mind§.. ;\laiion*of the border counties failed tult;- of the hostile white populAt?dn/arL/jiTjg; 1 I • •• ; r* tcJwnfluch better their protection from011 whom the Indians passed. They tiegan'tt? .. hostility of the Indians would havetVe think that they had been deceived as to the had they maintained justice toward tnc real character of the converts. To quote rather than by encouraging murderoJ1™ Bishop de Schweinitz: “The bearing of saults upon those of the race who wei the converts was so extraordinary, so hum¬ tirely innocent. Mr. Fisher, in his h e,i ble and yet so manly, so clearly the result of Pennsylvania, refers to the brutal n nlt of the Christian faith which they professed, of ten Indians, including three wome that the reviler forgot his revilements, and three children, by a German, Fre)r° Jem the scoffer looked on amazed. Even their Stump, January 10, 1768. This oc escorts of soldiers, among whom were such in Penn Township, Cumberland C as had been at Detroit during the siege Stump was arrested and put in Carli.‘tani and hated Indians with all the bitterness but he was forcibly rescued by inha,I0S of their past experience, began to look of the locality who sympathized w,er on them with respect. The Indians were performance. They regarded it, pr recalled to Philadelphia. Their return bly, as a righteous destruction of tl was the signal for renewed excitement on then. Stump was gotten off to a j?eD* the part of their enemies, and then followed safety in Virginia and escaped pun. i the descent of the Paxton Boys, with Mat¬ for his crime. It required prompiXe0 thew Smith prominent as a leader among ures on the part of John Penn ? them, on Philadelphia. A number of dis¬ William Johnson to prevent an up)roP tinguished names appear as defenders of the wild Indians in revenge for tl)rov' the persecuted Indians, and as supporters provoked atrocities. We ought tree of the authority of the Government: such incidents squarely in the face Benjamin Franklin, Joseph Fox, Benjamin are tempted to blame the Indians , Chew, Ex-Governor Hamilton, and Wil¬ savage deeds. ' e c liam Logan. Alarm in Philadelphia was In studying the history of the Tts great, because not only was an attack from mission work among the Indians, , without imminent, but a large number of acter of David Zeisberger rises ' . people in the city itself sympathized with ordinary moral grandeur among al'eitjJ£s the invading force.” of that time. His life was a recc The trouble was brought to an end with¬ votion free from fanaticism. He w3e^ out bloodshed, by the negotiations of the der no labors, however exacting, a, Government with the invaders through a from no hardships, however Se ucec* commission, of which Benjamin Franklin passed through perils, both of t i vena was a member. A respectful hearing was ness and of the city. The annal’ choo given to the commission by the insurgents, tianity can show nowhere a morJei.n^ and the commission promised them redress blameless figure. With all his \ of their grievances. One of these was zeal for the religion which was alleged to be that certain Indian mur¬ zeal which at one moment led h0'^sr derers were harbored among the Moravian an infuriated white mob in ordei, J converts. But the insurgent who was sent his Indian disciples, and at anotr ar0 to identify the murderers, after the Indians , the green gloom of desolate reav® 1 were mustered, was obliged to confess that face with the message of peace Te s!lc he could not pick out one of them. The tion of Indian conjurors and fai'^e du. way was opened for the Moravian Indians then chiefs—he seems to have li 011J to return to their own country by the end¬ but charitable feelings for fello\4uestlc ing of the war. On the 20th of March, not precisely of his own way ('n.e aPl 1765, they left the British barracks after This latter is often a fatal testf,ta 1 having passed one year and four months in fection of so many eminent apfVj' a 1 Philadelphia, and after having borne than once Zeisberger was in irr , nearly one-half their number to the Potter’s conscious danger of assassinati
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fn Tiie etmenem bisters uer closely guarded. It did not take long to and who spoke English and German flu. consummate this tragedy. The volunteers entiy and was a woman of education and accused the Indians of complicity in the refinement, fell on her knees before Colonel murder of Mrs. Wallace and her children, Williamson and besought him to sparedier of helping the British, of being warriors, and of having entered into their employ. dll' 1 ea“nofc ^elP y°u>” he replied, bhe then submitted to her fate patiently They charged that the household articles, like the others. Tomahawks, mallets, war of which both Gnadenhiitten and Salem clubs, spears, and scalping knives were used were full, had been stolen from farms and settlements. to complete the massacre, in which, how¬ ever, as Bishop de Schweinitzsays, “Only The prisoners fully rebutted these charges, some of the militia seem to have taken an which must have been made with as much active part.” insincerity as were the professions of friend¬ Only two boys escaped the massacre— ship by which the converts were lured to Thomas and Jacob. The former, although their death. They pleaded their well- scalped, was only stunned by the blow that known friendship for the whites, and the! was intended^0 kiU him. He lay among efforts which they had made for years with he dead until the militia had gone, when success to keep the Delawares neutral. It ' he escaped to the forest. Jacob had con- was in vain, for their death had before been cealed himself in the cellar of the house in determined on. Just how it should be ac¬ which tho women were put to death. As complished was left to a vote of the volun¬ their blood began to stream through the teers. The two methods considered give cracks in the floor, he forced his way out of
interesting evidence of the savage temper of * V-V a small window and also escaped to the torest. our own people, brought about by the war, their great losses, and the roughness of i-r Ninety-six persons perished in the massa¬ frontier life. The spirit of the New Testa¬ cre of Gnadenhiitten, of whom -29 were ment is not perceptible in the conduct of men, 27 were women, and 34 were children. these Christian whites, but it is singularly I he work of the Moravians among the apparent in the patience with which the Indians never recovered from this blow ' Indians endured their martyrdom. Some but it was, nevertheless, the evidence of a of the volunteers were in favor of shutting great truth, that Christian patience, resig¬ the Indians in their houses and burning A nation, and courage are not the possession them alive; others thought it preferable to ot a sing e race or of one age, and that tomahawk and scalp them—thescal ps would revengeful, murderous hate can inspire the be trophies of the campaign. This last crimes of white men as well as red. method was adopted. The Indians pro | A detailed account of these and subse¬ tested their innocence, but seem to have quent events will be found in Bishop de accepted their fate without a struggle, bchweinitz’s “Life and Times of David lliey said they were willing to die, and Zeisberger.” An interesting sketch of the asked only time to prepare. This plea the massacre is also given in Mr. William D. volunteeis granted, fixing the following Howells’ “ Three Villages.” These papers morning for the execution. are but a summary of the account given by All night long the converts prayed and -Bishop de Schweinitz. sang their native Christian'hymns, cheer- HifiTmg& andaDd fiOmfnrMnrrcomfortinguug oneuue anotherauotner__ ’asas the.1 !: dawn broke. The captors flippantly called lout to know whether they would not soon be ready. “We are ready,” they replied. We have given our souls to God and He has given us the assurance that He will From, receive them.” It would be interesting to .._ know whether the victims and victors in this domestic tragedy realized how closely .. was being re-enacted scenes in the history of the primitive martyrs. The men were first, put to death and afterward the women Date, / ./'-A " and small children were led out two by two. Among the women, Christiana, a wnlow, who had been an inmate of the •
, furnished interior by a new set of the ‘ most modern and attractive electroliers. 1 AUGUSTINE’S It will be a red letter day for the • church, as some of the most prominent prelates in the country are expected to be present. Cardinal Gibbons has eon- CENTENNIAL i sented to take part in the services, and' will make a, special address to the peo¬ ple and administer confirmation. On the opening Sunday Archbishop Ryan will Anniversary Celebration of celebrate high pontifical mass, and : Bishop Burke, of Albany, N. Y.. and the Founding of the Fa¬ Bishop Gabriels, of Ogdensburg, N. Y., will preach the sermons. mous Catholic Church. MARTINELLI MAY BE HERE. It is expected that Rev. Sebastian Martinelli, of Rome, the Prior General of the Order of St. Augustine, who it is ITS REMARKABLE HISTORY. believed will be consecrated by Cardinal Rampolla on August 23, as the succes- j ; sor of Mgr. Satolli, the Apostollic dele¬ gate, will be present before the anni¬ Kev. Sebastian Martinelli and a Num¬ versary ceremonies are concluded, as he ber of Other High Church Digni¬ is to sail for this country immediately :j after his consecration. This high official taries Expected to Attend ■ : has always taken a great interest in the work at old St. Augustine’s Church, the Jubilee. and while on a visit to the United States two years ago. was for a time the guest ! of the rector, Rev. Nicholas J. Murphy. The full programme for the celebration One of the greatest events looked for¬ has not yet been completed, but some of ward to by the Roman Catholics of this * { the most noted representatives of the Jesuit and Lazarist orders are expected [ city will be the golden jubilee and cen- : to participate. | tennial anniversary of the founding of WASHINGTON A CONTRIBUTOR. St. Augustine’s Church, situated on the Soon after the establishing of St. Jo¬ west side of Fourth Street, just south seph’s, St. Mary’s and Holy Trinity, of Vine, extending to Crown Street churches in the southern portion of the Rev. Nicholas J. Murphy, O. S. A., rec- city, it was found necessary to organize | tor, which will be celebrated with elab- a parish farther north. Rev. Matthew I orate services, beginning on Sunday, Carr, O. S. A., who. came to this city from Dublin in 1795, was the prime September 6 and continuing for three days. mover of the founding of St. Augus¬ tine’s, for in June, 1796, he started out St. Augustine’s is the fourth oldest with a subscription list to secure the Catholic Church in the city, and is the necessary funds, which was headed by such distinguished historic names, as home and headquarters here of that not¬ George Washington, Commodore Barry, I ed and influential society of the chnrnh Governor McKean, Stephen Girard and known as the Omer-Tfr-irfgTfsSml^1 xhomas Fitzsimmons, who were among this having the proud claim of being the the most liberal contributors. Father first province instituted in the United Carr secured the present church site on States. Fourtn Street, between Race and Vine, tn July following. In anticipation of the anniversary thJ On August 27, 1796, a general chapter church edifice and its surroundings have of his order, held in Rome, authorized him and Rev. John Rossiter, O. S A been embellished, decorated and im¬ who had been an officer in Roeham- proved at a cost of over $16,000. A hand¬ beau’s army during the Revolution, but some marble altar is being placed in who had in the meantime entered the 1 priesthood and was then stationed at' position in the worshipping room, at an 1 Coffee Run, New Castle County, Del. expense of $4000, and beautiful stained ; | to organize a province of their order ] glass windows, the gifts of parishioners, J O’Donnell, O. S. A., the assistant’ atl?t. are to take the place of the old ones. Augustine’s, assumed charge of the Eight magnificent oil paintings, repre¬ Catholic “Herald,” the first periodical of senting scenes from the life of St. the church, published in this city, the first number of which was issued in Augustine, have been assigned con¬ January, 1833. He retained this position spicuous positions on the sides of the until 1839. Rev. Dr. Hurley died on May large auditorium. The ceiling and walls 14, 1837, and Father O’Donnell became rector. During the year 1838 he had a are being attractively frescoed and dec- k census of the parish made, showing a orated, and just over the sanctuary an j membership of 3002 persons. He was elaborate thronelike canopy has been f succeeded in 1839 by Rev. Dr. P. E erected. At its base will be a large oil Moriarty, who became widely known for his oratorical and controversial ability. painting representing the blessed sacra¬ Early in 1844 Rev. John Possidius ment adorned by an angelic host. A new O’Dwyer, O. S. A., was appointed pastor. sanctuary rail of burnished brass, sur¬ Soon after this the “native American” mounted with Mexican onyx, is among riots broke out through the city, and the noticeable improvements. j.ollowing the memorable "Nannt Goat” The new church pews are all of XVI riot which broke: out in Kensington, the mob after burning St. Michael’s Church century quartered oak and a flood of to the. ground attacked St. Augustine's light wi!l_be thrown all over the richly and laid its entire property, consisting of i church, school, monastery, with its fine WA1 10 w
‘ ' a s lie■s. The leader of the mob 1 librafyTIh ft was hies riaJmror^st. was Peter• At aright,3; who when he saw the flarnefi col:suming the last vestige of gustine. the grand old property publicly and jeer- ROMANESf E STYLE, ’ “ destroyed the The building was in the Romanesque this, how¬ [ style of architecti| 62 feet front by : 125 feet deep, the walls being four feet high, the tow<^ rising 75 feet above the sidewalk. Mic ael Fagin was the architect, and Johp Walsh, his father- in-law, donated all the lumber needed for the building. In the worshiping room there were three rows of pews and the altar was located at the west end of the church, which was in the op¬ posite direction of those in the other three churches. The new parish Included the entire city north of Arch Street. Until Jan- ua.ry, 1802, Father. Carr made his resi¬ dence at St. Joseph’s rectory. The priest’s house at St. Augustine’s, to which he, afterward removed, was lo- ) cated, as it is now, in Crown Street, just adjoining the sacristy, and to the southwest of the church building. Under the ministration of Father Carr the parish progressed and prospered. During the year 1811 he established a school and college on Crown Street, in the building on the north of the church. The first Catholic musical celebration, which attracted special attention in this city, was held in St. Augustine’s Church in 1820. The proceeds were used for beautifying the altar. Father Carr died in 1820 and was buried in a vault at the rear of tjte church building. ever, he was mistaken, for on the first THE CHOLERA SCOURGE. approach of danger the faithful old sex-1 Father Carr was succeeded by Rev. ton of St. Aug'ustine’s had hidden all the! Dr. Michael Plurley, O. S. A., the first parish registers under a great heap of native of this city to become a priest of ashes in the, cellar, from ■ where they, this order. During the cholera scourge were afterward recovered, compara¬ ! in the city of the year 1832, he turned tively uninjured. The fire destroyed the convent and school into a hospital. everything except the wall at the rear; At the close of this year Rev. Nicholas of the altar on which the golden in¬ scription was left unscathed, “The Lord ond pastorate at St. Augustine’s con¬ Seeth.” Some years afterward Albright tinued until 1855. Rev. Dr. Patrick A. and his family were drowned in the. Stanton, O. S. A., who likewise became Delaware River. The damage sustained provincial as well as assistant to his by the parish amounted to $83,627.75, general of the order, remained in charge though the works of art- and rare books of St. Augustine’s until 1862. Rev. Mark destroyed could never be fully replaced. Crane, the next pastor, ministered for The city was ' compelled to pay dam-i the parish until his death in 1871. His ages for the depredation of the rioters brother. Rev. Peter Crane, succeeded him xo the amount of $47,433.87, about half! and continued as rector until 1890. Dur¬ of the actual loss. The congregation, ing his term the spire and tower of the nothing daunted, worshiped at St. church were remodeled and the whole Joseph's Church until the chapel of our structure tr-rroved. -VSV Mother of Consolation was erected. THE: PRESENT1 EDIFICE. : The corner-stone of the present edifice was laid by Bishop Kenrick, on May 23, 1847, and the new temple was opened on Christmas Day of the same year by From, 1 . Bishop Kenrick celebrating mass and Bishop Hughes, of New York, preaching the sermon. The church building is of brick faced and trimmed with gray stone, the architecture being of the Romano- (7.lS. Pailadian style, the plans calling not only for a tower and spire, but a dome 165 feet high. The sanctuary, which was 1 again erected in the west end of the Bate, ■ •/'/ £ building, is in a rectangular recess 18 by 25 feet, with rectangular columns sup¬ porting columns supporting a triumphal arch. Father O’Dwyer died on May 24; 1850, after having twice declined the mitre and c.rozier. He was succeeded by Rev. Dr Moriarty, who afterwards was made provincial of the order, and_whose gec- 111 OLD LAKDMARK irT this county, and Father Carr was appointed the first provincial. ■ The corner-stone of the new church was laid on the feast ot Our Mother of Consolation, the first Sunday in Sep¬ DM THE PM tember t796, and George VS ashmgton and Thomas McKean, then Governor of Pennsylvania, were present at the cere¬ mony! The process of erection was very slow! as it was not until June 7 1801 Last of Several Farm Houses that the structure was completed^ Then • Bordering on the Park Still thought of froth time to time, but ow¬ ing to the great expense entailed the 1 mater has been deferred. | The present tenant of the old house, whose name is Harding, is a pleasant, A MINIATURE CITADEL courteous man, who declares that he has found health and pleasure dwell¬ ing upon the high ground. Of late,, The Present Tenant Lives Happily however, he has been annoyed con¬ .With His Dogs to Guarantee Him siderably- by the small boys of the ■ Protection-A Delightful Sit¬ neighborhood, who make occasional 'raids on his domains. He has therefore uation on a Hill Top. ’prpyided himself with a small army of dogs, and when an intruder puts in an appearance the canines charge AN OLD FARM HOUSE, AT TWENTY- with the vehemence of veteran sol- ! seventh and Continental avenue, bor- diefs. dering on the Park, is the. last of sev-, Il}, talking of his defenders, Mr. eral in that location, and is of great i Harding said: “I would be either burn¬ i interest to curiosity seekers, ed—up or have my place wrecked, if An old curiosity bordering on the j it were not for these, my shaggy sol¬ limits of Fairmount Park, at Twenty- diers.” The command of “forward” is I seventh street and Continental ave¬ one that has been kept always on the nue, is the only one left of a num¬ roll books of the defense of Harding’s ber of old farm houses in that vicin¬ citadel. ity. The others were demolished to The unhappy potman who serves the make way for Park Improvements neighborhood laughed heartily at the and it is expected that this one will sudden retreat of an artist from the some day follow in their train. hillside one dav_last week, and re- The farm house is one of the quaint old places that stood early in the century on the bluffs that overlook what is now the Park. The oldest residents in the neighborhood do not remember when it was built. It is believed to be over 100 years of age. Its first owners were the Lemon fam¬ ily,- from whom Lemon Hill, in the Park, got its name. They formerly
THE LAST FARM BORDERING ON THE PARK.
owned all the property in the imme¬ marked facetiously: "My good sir. diate locality, and the farmhouse in when you go there again, take the the picture was occupied by one of the City Troop with you." family, who through a period of sev¬ “When a letter comes for Mr. Hard¬ enty years lived under its roof. ing,” he said, “I whistle on the road¬ It passed later into the hands of a side. and he comes down for it. I re- farmer named- Thomasson, who occu¬ gaf4 an invasion of the place danger- pied it for some twenty years, and ing ” 0Ul t0 my safety and my cloth- ! since that time It has passed through the hands of three different parties. The farm house is termed by the The house is located on one of the residents in the neighborhood and the highest points about the city. From trolley car conductrs who pass on the top can be gained an excellent LonLnental avenue, the “Blue Moun¬ Iview of the neighborhood for miles tain. ’ It is said that from its heights around. The bluff on which the build¬ tle, small boys stoned the imported ing stands is about fifty feet high. motormen and conductors during the For the past ten years the question i recent trolley strike. It was a 'cliffi- of the removal of this mound, which ^li,rnatter.for the Police to get hold is about one square in area, has been i ;rem> owing to the steepness of the p., .. i Incline^ and for days this place was -M dreaded. Mr. Harding- laughs at the Ideal of anyone undertaking to re move., his mountain home, owingng 7o I the expense isuch removal woulId enJ tail.
PULL, VIEW OF THE OLD FARM HOUSE. she saw a man hurry from the hen¬ nery and start on a run down the walk. Mr. Engard, grabbing his re¬ volver. went to another window and fired three shots at the fleeing thief. From,.Af '>. He failed to bring down his man, but he was glad to know that he had opened fire in time to save sev¬ (f/C< £ cJ « (A eral of his finest, fowls, which were lying on the ground with their feet tied. The thief had dropped the chickens in dodging the bullets. The ex-Assemblyman intends to take Date, .^}' p ^ C.
/ AT FORT MIFFLIN.
Said to Be Government Prop¬ erty, but Officials Know Nothing About It
A MOST NOISOME SPOT.
Jacques. Overgrown with Bank Weeds and Marsh
lessons in pistol practice, besides put¬ Vegetation, the Bodies of Several ting a new lock on his chicken house. Soldiers, One a Mexican War 13
!century. -One of them was a veteran of i?he Mexican War. distinguished for ga - an, Eepose There, lintrv and good conduct in the field- is impossible to say how maitygraves are hidden in these weeds, vim* tower high above a man's head. Some, burial The United States has expended many Diaces were not marked by stonfe and millions of dollars to preserve and do the mounds have long since been °“,ter- honor to the place where its soldier nted by the rubbish which has been dead are sleeping. National cemeteries jumped here from the neighboring are found in every part of the country, j ^farmer whose land joins the Govern, The Grand Army of the Republic decor- j i'lhent reservation at this point said that. * ates the graves of the nation’s martyrs | when he was a boy five soldiers had been each year and holds memorial services to buried here, their bodies being brought glorify their memory. from graves at Fort Mifflin. Mrs. Sharp It would seem hardly possible that, w?fe the keeper of the lighthouse at Fort Mifflin, said that she had heard within sight of Philadelphia,' the City That a family named Brandt had made , Hall tower, and upon land owned by the national,Government, that the graves kSS. only j of bravfe and distinguished soldiers ,?§£ SoAa0“r,V!f.n- j should be hidden in a jungle of rank ■ | weeds, so dense as to be almost im¬ tity of the fourth cannot be determined. I No one in the neighborhood knows penetrable” in a spot which has been anything about the burying ground They I'Ysed as a dumping ground fot rubbish simmlv know it is there. Some of them iSvt many years. ) j’believe that the dead from the Lazar^to The' story of the finding of these sol¬ vucrfi touriGcl here. hu.t &.11 ot r , Ttones show dates long subsequent to diers’ dishonored graves by a “Press” • the removal of the quarantine hospital. reporter ahd an artist tells of a disgrace¬ KNOW NOTHING ABOUT IT. ful reproach • -to the Government and ■ At the Philadelphia office of the War reveals a condition of affairs which.must I Department at Fifteenth and Arch arouse the sympathy and indignation of Streets absolutely nothing is known of every old soldier. the “lost graveyard” m Fort nrvation The employees ol tne engi This “lost graveyard” is a mile and a corps there can find no traces of half above Fort Mifflin;,,, the relic of the place on their maps and surveys of this tract and none of them had ever the Revolution which commands, the j heard of the little cemetery. (until it v as Delaware, about eight miles below the described to them by a Press city. Fort Mifflm is a picturesque ruin, |POc£er' could never find the crumbling which has not seen service for .more head stones, unless he was guided to than a century,' and is garrisoned by a them. Three feet away, they are hid¬ sergeant of the regular army. The fdrt den in the unwholesome riot of vegeta¬ ■was abandoned as a miltary post before tion. The most notable stone is near the the Civil War and is now only a grass- edge of the patch of giant weeds. There | grown, crumbling relic. About a mile is no longer a mound, and the stone is i being slowly submerged, year by year, m 1 above Fort Mifflin stand the walls of the earth and mould and rubbish. This is old Lazaretto and the pest house, which the inscription.which it bears:— were abandoned in 1805. 1 r ' “In The melancholy shells of brick and Memory of stone still inspire in the passer-by a feel- Oliver Lewis, ■ ing of half dread and repulsion. A little Sergeant of C Company, way from the old Lazaretto, on the bank 1st Regt. V. S. Artillery, of the Schuylkill, nearly opposite Point Who died at Fort Mifflin, Penn., Breeze, there is a noisome tangle of April 20th, 1849, aged 33 years. He was a faithful servant of his coun¬ weeds ten feet high, with a walnut tree try. and was distinguished for gallantry in tlie middle of the miniature ;fungle.The and good conduct in the battles of Mon¬ land "here is very low and has been re¬ terey, Buena Vista, Mexico.” claimed from the river by artificial banks The marble slab is three feet in height, or dykes. The Government reservation and is an impressive monument to a ends about a quarter mile above the old non-poinmissioned officer, who must have Lazaretto and includes the “lost grave¬ been both popular and gallant to have yard.” .such a memorial erected by his com¬ rades. For nearly half a century poor LIK& A CUBAN SWAMP. Sergeant Lewis has lain by ;the bank The flat land is rich and fertile, and of the Schuylkill, forgotten by his coun¬ 3s one str&tfch of market gardens all try, in a weed patch and dumping around the -Rope Ferry Bridge, which ground. Men were proud to know him once, is near this’spot. The forest of weeds, proud to have served with him “on the cane and vines on the bank is only about field of Monterey;” proud of his daring | a hundred feet square. There is no other and his fidelity to duty. There were waste patch like., \t in the neighborhood. some who loved him, and those who ad¬ It is like a bit of a Cuban swamp, and mired the brave 'soldier, and those who 1 loved the man chiseled his name in ! to enter it is possible only with the aid stone, that he might not be forgotten. of brush hooks and clubs to beat the Poison ivy crawls across the stone and pathway ahead. Poison ivy wanders in snakes glide in its shadow, and the masses through the weeds and shrubs. weeds are ten feet high on the grave of The thicket is very desolate and repul¬ Sergeant Lewis. His Government, for sive, and is the home of the snakes whom he fought, cannot find his burying ground on its maps. which are driven from the open fields. Covered completely by weeds, a few This is the burying ground of at least feet away from the grave of Sergeant a dozen soldiers, who died while station¬ Lewis, the searchers found a small slab ed at Fort Mifflin in the first half of the half buried, upon which was hewn one » . ’ ’■ ’ ~ jntfSftB*-’*." * A LOST GRAVEYARD.
A VV .A.D-COVERED AND FORGOTTEN SPOT NEAR FORT MIFFLIN, IN WHICH REST THE BODIES OF BRAVE SOLE of iife's little tragedies. Two lines oi path had to be made by beating down the stanza could be deciphered. The the weeds with club9, there is a broken others were illegible. It was the grave slab. Over it a walnut tree grows, and of a soldier's daughter. The stone bore the shade has kept a little space about these words:— the grave comparatively clear. The in¬ Sacred to the Memory of scription is as follows:— LENA FRITZ, Who Was Accidentally In Drowned on the Memory of 30th of September, 1853. WILLIAM VANDERHELDT, Aged 6 years, 1 month and 12 days. Who Died April 8th, 1821, “Death cares not whether young or gray, Aged; 32 Years. His mission is to kill and slay-’’ My race is run, and yours is i UNDER THE WALNUT TREE. running; In the middle of the thicket, where a Be afraid to sin, for Judg¬ ment’s coming. As I am now, so vou must be; Prepare for Death, and follow me. 15
could not be laid in There is something grimly Ironical V. ,f their own ' towns tne thought that this posthumous warn- friends. Their com- ing has not reached a dozen passersby ia,ucD uui,v™» memories, and sac¬ m years and years. The mission of t$in tnexn memorials. Yet, in a Govern- message silenced by a green curtain tnacj,’'these grav«i> are far worse which nature has drawn about this rest- aff. shifi’, had ’they been made in a pot- i ing place. The growth must be cleared tef’s’ held..' S
from the---° lost graveyard V , J ^ before theLite ptlciutiplace can be thoroughly explored. The re- rsuits—; of ,,—,one day's77^j search arecue sufficientouiiicient 1ato showoil Atiir the/\ inAv>:infinite *- sadness— -1 and reproach_ which these dishonored stones proclaim in mute appeal. X Just, without the wall of Port Mif¬ From, \ flin there was another burying gTound. It is now a cow pasture. There is no * V / excuse for neglect of the soldiers’ graves in this pasture, which is within the in¬ iAMiAL.. closure of the Government grounds. In the pasture half a dozen slabs lean wear¬ ily. They are not inclosed, nor have they been cared for. They are simply .S.l/A so many marble slabs in a pasture Yet these mark the graves of soldiers who died while serving under their country's flag. One of them has these words upon
O- -O I in Memory of DANIEL, T. BARTLETT, Late a Sergeant in the TJ. S. Regular Artillerists, Who Departed This Life Jan. 27, 1810, Aged 28 Years. "Death struck, he fell, no warning given; He now is landed safe in Heaven. Ceremonies of the Dedication of A voice from Heaven has sweetly said, the Philadelphia Brigade ‘How blessed are the happy dead The toil and labor now are Monument. o’er, Safe landed on that blissful shore.” Cl¬ -O OLD FOES IN REUNION VINCENT FISHER’S PROUD MEMO¬ RIAL.
Here Is another inscription on a stone Notable Men From North and South m the pasture:— “In memory of Vincent Fisher, Will Join in Making- the Affair Corporal in Captain William S. Hen- One of Great Historic Interest. shaw’s Company, First Regiment, U S Infantry, who was drowned at Fort The Program. Mifflin April 22, 1814, aged 19 vears, this monumental tribute of respectful remem¬ brance has been erected bv his brother soldiers, in consequence of unremitted ■THE DEDICATION OF THE PHILA- zeal lo do his country honor.” delphia Brigade monument at Antie- I This lad of 19 was a corporal in a tam will be a notable and historic 1 regiment of regulars and he was in¬ event. The program has all be^n spired with "unremitted zeal to do his prepared, and everything is in readi¬ country honor.” No man could have a ness. Many will attend. nobler epitaph. His country would have heard from this lad had he lived. Now Where once they met in that bloody his grave has been trampled flat with two days’ conflict soldiers of the Blue the pasture, and the memorial of his and Gray will join hands on Thursday I comrades is nearly fallen prostrate. next and in spirit of sweet fraternity With one more epitaph from these | neglected slabs in the Government pas- assist in the dedication of the monu¬ , ture this chronicle must close. This one ment of the Philadelphia Brigade on | is:— Antietam battlefield. The event, which ”ln memory of Philip Hakwins, is of deep interest to the citizens of a private in this city, promises to be one of the Captain W. M. S. Henshaw’s most remarkable reunions since the Company of the Fifth U. S. Infantry Regiment, Civil War. Who died April 12, 1814, Orators of the North will join then- Aged 35 years.” voices with orators from the South, These men died at the time of the eminent Catholic prelates will mingle second war with England. Two of them their prayers with those of their Pro¬ may have seen service against the testant brethren, while the little bands fleets gof ^in, ^ v. rate, they were that remain of the two great hosts that lie in an open lot, with no more thought made the field memorable will join taken for their resting places than for arm and arm, marching over the scene the grave of a horse. All of these men of former struggles and echoing { were buried near their fort, because the thanksgiving one and all for a reunited j Government had stationed them far from country. Governors of two States, i - v r. l: ' ■zb i
/ith their uniformed At;rff£,.*;b£tt&rie» i The Catholic Church was no less ac- i troops of cavalij;*.iii \bYil*-' And I tive; Archbishop Ryan also entertain¬ liant uniform, will sbr\fe* as a back¬ ing a large audience at the Academy ground on the scene to recall the dar^r • 'and placing the proceeds toward er days of war. . . •* t .* • '•the benefit of the cause. Indeed, THE GRANITE^ the spirit of Christian and national Nominally the impoSing • "shift* of unity seems to have pervaded the en¬ granite that is to be unveiled is to tire worn from its inception to the end. serve as a lasting memorial to the The brunt of the labor fell on the valor of the Philadelphia Brigade. His¬ shoulders of Captain John W. Frazier, torically it will do more than this, for who never for a moment relaxed his it will ever recall the heroes of both efforts until the end had been ac¬ sides and their glorious deeds since complished. When the .monument had enshrined on the everlasting pages of been assured the Captain directed his a nation’s history. The Philadelphia energies towards making the dedica¬ Brigade was organized in 18(11, under tion a success. President Lincoln’s call for three- A NOTABLE LETTER. year troops. It was composed of the Sixty-ninth, Seventy-first, Seventy- The ideas that inspiral him can best second and One-hundred-and-sixth oe judged from the language of the Pennsylvania Volunteers. What a following circular, recently issued by memory attaches around these mystic him: numbers. Who that has even been The necessity of the vaterans of Grant at Gettysburg can forget the bloody and Lee, and the citizeife of the North South coming together! in such a re¬ angle where the gallant boys of the union as is proposed >sl in my opinion Seventy-second made their stand. far greater to-day than at any other Around the name of the Seventy-first time in the history of oijr country since Is indelibly linked the fate of heroic the Declaration of American Independ- Colonel E. D. Baker at Ball’s Bluff. In fact, the whole brigade has a his¬ elWho are the men that 4ill meet in fra¬ tory second to none. Taking ma rt in ternity, charity and loyVlty at V asn- ■ ington, September 1G next? From the , all the principal battles of the Army 1 South will come the patnlt sons of such i of the Potomac, from Ball’s Bluff to Revolutionary sires as Washington, Jet- 1 Appomattox and coming out of the 1 ferson. Madison. Henry. Lee, Pinckney. war with a total loss of 3015 men. Carroll Harrison, Rutlelge, Randolph and Rodney. Fripm the forth the sons A LABOR OF LOVE. 1 nf such patriot sires as^Hancock, Sher¬ The work of preparing for the mem¬ man, Lincoln, Adams, riffpKins, fia’tnu-, orial has been a labor of love, but nev- j ton, Livingston, Hopkinson. Wither¬ ertheless the task has been no light spoon, Franklin, Morris, Mifflin and Muhlenberg. one. Year in and year out the veter¬ The men who will come to that reunion ans have been pegging away, gather¬ will come bearing in their strong right ing dollar after dollar and patiently hands the olive branch of peace—they waiting until the whole amount has will come to build up, not to destroy. been raised. When /he monument is They will come as citizens of the Amer¬ unveiled on Thursday every dollar will ican Republic, men who love their coun¬ be paid and the deed for the ground try. In that reunion of the North and South there will be no red-handed An¬ and shaft will stand-’’in, the name of archists, no Communists, no Socialists/ the city of Philadelphia. but American citizens all in blood, herit¬ In the work of raising funds the age, in patriotism, in interest and in de¬ South did its share through General votion to law and order and constitu¬ John B. Gordon, who lectured here at tion and government. The time may not be far distant when thronging Goths and Vandals will at¬ tempt to tear the clustered stars from the brow of Liberty, but if that time shall come the veterans of Grant and of Lee would with hands of steel stay the accursed crime, and if the attempts to trample in the dust the gifts of free¬ dom should be delayed beyond the day of the old veterans of the North and South their sons would with one accord defend American Liberty, constitution, law, order, home and government. It is for the citizens of Philadelphia to say whether or not this reunion shall be a grand and glorious success. THE GRANITE SHAFT. How well the citizens of Philadelphia responded the dedication will show. As to the monument itself. The shaft is plain but imposing. It now stands in the centre of an eleven-acre plot of ground fronting on the Hagerstown pike, about two hundred yards north of the old historic Dunker church. It sets back from the Dike about four hun¬ dred feet, and is approached from the pike by a splendid macadamized drive¬ way, thirty feet in width, which extends, Miss Henriette Orndoril, m a graceful circle around the base of/ the monument. The monument is of the/ of Baltimore, who will 1 sing “The New Rosette. T hardest Barre, Vermont, granite, reachfl ing a height of TA feet, beginning wit'// a base of 14 feet square; it rises by su'// the Academy of Musicland turned the cessive bases to a height of 8 feet// entire receipts of thd entertainment inches, upon which cap base, 8 f'!{ over to the fund of the association.
< square and polished on all sides, rests General D. H. Hastings, Governor ot | a solid die 0 feet 6 inches in height by Pennsylvania. <> feet in width and weighing about 28 ‘‘American Valor,” tons. Above these are plinths and Colonel A. K. McClure, Philadelphia | moulded granite work 5 feet in height, Poem (written for the occasion), and above all rests the shaft, 51 feet Mrs. Virginia Frazer Boyle, Tennessee 5 inches in height. “Philadelphia,” The design of the monument is plain Hon. George Hawkes, Philadelphia to simplicity, but massive and majestic “Grand Army of the Republic,” to the highest degree. Upon the four General Ivan N. Walker, Indiana sidfes of the base, immediately below the pedestal, are these words: The next day the guests will go to the battlefield. O-O Upon arriving at Antietam Station the whole party will take carriages to SECOND BRIGADE, the Dunker Church, where Governor Lowndes, his staff and the detachment SECOND DIVISION, of the National Guard of Maryland and the Naval Reserve Will be in waiting. SECOND CORPS, Upon the arrival of Governor Hastings and staff the Governor’s salute will be ARMY OF THE POTOMAC. given by the Naval Reserve Battery, under command of Captain Emerson. A O-O welcome will be extended by the Gover¬ nor of Maryland to Governor Hastings THE PROGRAM. and staff. Mayor. Warwick and City The Philadelphians or rather Penn¬ Councils of Philadelphia, the Philadel¬ sylvanians—for the Governor, the Adju¬ phia Brigade and distinguished visitors, after which the party will march to the tant-General and the Governor’s staff monument. The distinguished visitors are Important members of the caval¬ will take seats on the platform, when cade—will leave here at S.30 A. M. on the following will take place: a special train over the Baltimore and j Transfer of monument by Contractor Ohio Railroad. Among those In the Herman Kotten to Brigade Association, i party will be Mayor Warwick and other j acceptance by Commander Brigade As¬ sociation, “Unveiling of Monument,” An¬ I prominent officials, His Grace Arch-1 tietam Committee; oration, Captain John j bishop Ryan, and the Antietam Monu- E. Reilly, Sixty-ninth Pennsylvania ! ment Committee, including Fred Middle- Volunteers; music, band; addresses by | ton, chairman; Jacob Wildemore, Wil¬ Governor Lowndes, Governor Hastings liam F. McNamara, Richard N. Somers, and Mayor Warwick, transfer of monu¬ Sylvester Byrne, James Bain, John E. ment to trustees Philadelphia Brigade Reilly, L. A. Schank, Benton O. Severn, Association, Rev. J. I. Peterson, Seven¬ H. B. Newman, William G. Mason, ty-second Pennsylvania Volunteers; ac¬ Joseph E. Garrett. John Reed, Robert ceptance on behalf of trustees, Captain E. Brett, Thomas Furey, Paul A. Levis, W. W. Ker. Robert McBride, Harry L. Franks, Handsome souvenirs for the event Charles C. Wartman, Joseph L. Wil¬ have been prepared. son, Samuel W. Arbuckle, Francis J. Keffer, Elijah Cundey, Amos P. Mecon- nahey, Joseph MeCarrolL .Tnht. | committee of City Councils—James L. Miles, president Select Council; Wencel ■ Hartman, president Common Council; I George Hawkes, chairman of commit¬ tee; Harry Hunter, William McMullen, Thomas J. Ryan, William G. Rutherford, I Charles Kitchenman, Joseph R. C. Mc¬ Allister, Lewis Kinsley, Henry S. Mar¬ tin, Edwin E. Smith, Abraham Levering, William Rowen, George B. Edwards, J. Emory Byram, James A. Briggs, Samuel P. Town, Charles J. Hauger, I August Hohl, Agnew MacBride, Morris M. Caverow, John W. Davidson, A. Ray¬ mond Raff, William McCoach, Franklin M. Harris, Henry Brooke, John Dough- ierty, Samuel Goodman. John H. Wood- [head, Sylvanus C. Aiman, Robert S. Leithead, Gavin Neilson (clerk), and Charles B. Hall, sergeant-at-arms. AT WASHINGTON. The welcome to Washington will be a I notable one. The exercises will formally j begin at. 2 P. M. with an address of welcome by Colonel George Truesdell. ANNIVERSARY. The rest of the afternoon program fol¬ lows: Invocation, Rev. J. W. Sayers, chaplain Department of Pennsylvania, G. A. R.; Introductory, John W". Frazier, Survivors of Different Regi- Commander Philadelphia-Brigade Asso¬ ciation; "The North,” Hon. Charles F. Warwick, Mayor of Philadelphia; ‘‘The . ments Celebrate the Fa- South,” General William A. Hemphill, Atlanta, Ga.; ‘‘A Reunited People,” i mousr Battle. Archbishop P. J. Ryan, Philadelphia; Song—“The New Rosette,” Miss Louise 1 Nannette Orndorff, Baltimore; “Army of the Potomac,” General James A. Beaver, Pennsylvania; “Army of Northern Vir- COLLIS ZOUAVES’ BANQUET. ’ glnia,” General William R. Aylett, Vir¬ ginia; "The Meaning of the War,” Col¬ onel Charles Emory Smith, Philadelphia. In the evening the ceremonies at , Washington will be continued as fol¬ (The 121st Kegiment Elects Officers lows: | "Pennsylvania and Gettysburg,” and Holds a Eeuniun—Oelebra- Volunteers, gathered in honor of the niversary of the battle of Frederleksbu _ last evening at U. S. Grant Post room, tions by the 119th and 91st G. A. R., 1706 and 1708 South Street. The annual election of officers resulted as follows: President, Thomas Simpson; vice-presidents, Captain William L. Strong and Charles Barlow; secretary and treasurer, John Garsed. The thirty-fourth anniversary of the The One Hundred and Twenty-first battle of Fredericksburg: was celebrated Regiment has a surviving membership of last evening by the survivors of that about ninety in this city and about 125 in Venango County, a number of the lat¬ engagement in connection with nearly ter also being present last evening. At all the regiments of Pennsylvania Vol¬ the conclusion of the business meeting the members repaired to the floor above unteers who have headquarters in Phila¬ and sat down to a well-spread table. delphia, some of them sitting down to There were no set speeches, but several well-spread tables in marked contrast of the veterans told stories of war time and everybody seemed to thoroughly en¬ with the state of the commissary on the joy themselves. eve of the great battle; others heard THE 119TH PENNSYLVANIA. speeches from those who had been their The fifteenth annual reunion and ban¬ leaders, and others still contented them¬ quet of the One Hundred and Nineteenth Pennsylvania Volunteers’ Association selves with interchanging congratula¬ /■faas held last evening at the Hotel Lor¬ tions and fighting the battle over again. raine, Broad Street and Fairmount Ave¬ The Survivors Association of the One nue, to commemorate the battle of Fred¬ ericksburg. The banqueting hall was , Hundred and Fourteenth Regiment, beautifully decorated for the occasion Collis Zouaves, gathered to the number w-ith bunting and palms, while the old tattered flag9 that had been carried by of about 200 at Post 46 Hall, on Broad | the regiment were displayed at ad¬ Street, near Fitzwater, held their an- ; vantage. Those who responded to the nual election of officers, enjoyed an ex¬ toasts were: “Battle of Fredericksburg,” General ames W. Latta; “One Hundred cellent banquet and listened to an inter- i ! and Nineteenth Regiment,” Major Ed¬ esting programme of appropriate exer¬ ward A. Landell; “The Navy,” Captain cises. The hall was decorated with a j Charles Lawrence; “The Cavalry,” Cap¬ tain John F. Conway, and “Remin¬ profusion of flags, there were pictures of j iscences of the War,” General B. F. | Fredericksburg and its dead heroes on Fisher. the walls, and there was plenty of good ■ SIRVIVORS OF THE NINETY-FIRST. cheer and good comradeship among the^ The survivors of the Ninety-first Regi¬ surviving heroes. ment, Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, held a reunion in the hall of Post 2, Officers of the association for the en¬ G. A. R., Twelfth Street, below Fair- suing year were elected as follows: Presi¬ mount Avenue, last evening, to celebrate dent, Robert J. McCouth; first vice-presi¬ the anniversary of the battle of Fred¬ dent, Henry C. Mackie; second vice- ericksburg and elect officers for the en¬ president, Henry C. Kelly; adjutant, suing year. Those chosen were: Colonel Wihiam E. Hoffman; corresponding Eli G. Sellers, president; William H. Faust, vice-president: Henry C. Sinex, secretary, Benjamin L. Myers; treasurer, treasurer, and A. D. W. Caldwell, secre¬ A. C. Brown; chaplain, A. W. Given. tary. Following the reception, the .mem¬ It had been expected that General bers and guests of the association Collis, the old commander of the regi- 1 marched in a body to 1206 Spring Garden ment, would be present, but he crossed Street, where a banquet was served. the Atlantic on a business trip about two Among those who responded to the toasts were Colonel Thomas J. Stewart, ] weeks ago, and last night he cabled James M. Whitecar, Charles Kennedy a message from Paris with Christmas and Chaplain J. N. Sayers. greetings to his old comrades in arms. 1 SIXTY-EIGHTH VOLUNTEERS. Among the old officers of the regiment Between fifty and sixty members of who were present were Captains Rich¬ the Sixty-eighth Pennsylvania Volun¬ ardson, Tricker, Waterhouse, Schwartz teers attended the thirty-fourth. annual and Bartehout; Lieutenant Miller and reunion and banquet of this association Quartermaster Hardley. General Leiper, last evening in Maennerchor l-iall, of the Sixth Pennsylvania Cavalry was f Franklin Street and Fairmount Avenue. present as an invited guest. There were also present the Junior Organization of the sons and grandsons of the survivors of the battle of Gettysburg to the num¬ ber of about sixty.
Robert J. McCouth, president of the From, . ^(.LC association, presided at the banquet and | introduced the post-prandial speakers, >1 Among the latter was General Lieper who brought greetings, as he said’ - From the Old Turkey Gobbler Regi¬ ment to the Red Legs,” Short speeches 5 were also made by Colonel E. R. Bowen : and Comrades Crane, Gentry, Vandevere t Date/ Madely, ICratchmer, West, Coleman! j Niece, Grew and Horrocks, representing Companies A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H I and K, respectively, and by Comrade William l Miller, representing the old Zouaves ] d’Afrique. THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY- $ FIRST REGIMENT. The survivors^of the One Hundred and ■
The Old Artillery Corps Cele¬ brates the Occasion With a The column was formed with the First Regiment Band, preceded by a squad of mounted policemen and the [AROUND THE MONUMENT Old Guard and Company G. The last- named paraded in two platoons of twenty-four files, and made a very [Creditable display. The march was Colonel W. H.« Patterson Delivers [down Broad street, to Chestnut, to an Historic Address—-Tlie Active ! Sixth, to Washington Square, when a Command Acts as Escort j halt was made around ifhe Corps’ and Then Dines. monument, which is erected in the centre. HISTORY OF THE COMMAND. ! The Artillery Corps, Washing-ton : Grays, one of the few military or¬ The band played “My Country, ’Tls of Thee” and then Colonel Patterson ganizations which kept its organiza¬ tion intact through the Civil War, and I ascended the rostrum and read an has since been active in the State interesting sketch of the Corps, In j service, celebrated the seventy-fifth which he showed that the first docu¬ anniversary of its inception yesterday mentary account was dated February 'afternoon. The active command of! 27, 1822. That paper recited: “We, j the corps, known a.s Company G, whose names are hereunto- subscribed, First Regiment, assembled in the agree to form a volunteer corps of j armory at Broad and Callowhill light infantry, the uniform, equipment : streets, at 4 P. M., and with them and title of which shall be agreed were a number of the Old Guard- upon as soon as thirty names are ob¬ veterans who have laid aside their tained. The color of the uniform shall equipments long since. be gray and of domestic manufac¬ Company G was clad in full dress ture.” uniform and commanded by Captain The paper was signed by John Swift, George C. Von der Lindt. The Old afterwards Mayor of Philadelphia, and Guard was in citizens.’ clothing under twenty-three others. There were sev¬ the command of Colonel Theodore E. eral subsequent meetings, and on Wiedersheim, with Major A. L. Wil¬ April 20 the name of “Washington liams acting as first sergeant. In the Grays’’ was formally adopted. At this ranks of the Old Guard marched Col¬ time the organization was drilled as onel Wendell P. Bowman, the com¬ light infantry, and as such took a very mandant of the First Regiment; Colo¬ prominent part in all the affairs of tne nel William Houston Patterson the period. In 1827, however, the desig¬ I orator of the day; Colonel George C. nation of the company was changed Knight, Austin J. Montgomery, Rob- to light artillery, and it has been i ert W. Downing, Lieutenant W. J. so known ever since. The company Le Torneau, G. Morgan Eldredge and took a prominent part in the reception the oldest living member, Joseph Bar- to General Lafayette in 1824, and 0 nett, who joined .cprqs in 1845. elected the General an honorary niem- {land "cle-r artists, embracing Ben .- ( Grinnell, Charles Fostelle, (jharles Pi sey, Harry Stanley, Vivian Pa tee. vgjrT^^ Dempsey, Eva Tanguay, Lulu Gould ariJJi-* UJ- others. GIRARD—“Americans Abroad.” “Americans Abroad,” a three-act con edv by Yictorien Sardou, will be pri due eel this week by the stock compa of the Girard Avenue Theatre. in production maintains the high class (. nlavs given the public this season by trpr managers® Davenport and Tourny, wi are enabled to give the comedy only a ter the consummation of sp®cla. 1 ^rr ments with Daniel Frohman. The pietpifc exhibits considerable ingenuity m pi and construction, and possesses the el ments of truth, depth, finesse and cui] ning. An American heiress in France b> ; comes the prey of a titled fortune-hun er and his accomplices. She tei.gr poverty and this suitor vanishes. St 'would be loved for herself alone■ Whi;l; I pretending to be a poor artist, living ia mansard, she, of course, meets th l voung man—an American painter wr I fills the requirements, and they are un ! ted. The dialogue is direct and amu ling. Occasionally the action lapses in, j broad farce and the effect is very hi
mTheU play will be carefully and ham somely mounted, and should be neat acted by the well-trained company.
PARK—Mantell in Repertoire. The romantic actor. Robert Mante will be at the Park Theatre again G I week, opening with an extra bars matinee to-morrow in his production ^ . l Dumas’ “Corsican Brothers. w,!jicll t ! he performed until Thursday tnatinee.T j "drama selected for Urn balance^ of ^ -r, ah honor tfbijujli he accepted. ancT sigined the constitution. The oomp.an,y: was. under arms for several days during- the riots of 1834. Ifl HONOR W OUR served actively in the “Buckshot War” in 1838, was engaged in the “Native American” riots in 1844 and sent from FIRST PRESIDENT its ranks two companies, A and F, ■ Seventeenth Pennsylvania Volunteers, to the Civil War. Those who did not BIG DEMONSTRATION TO MARK THE go to the front organized a regiment for home service. This was the incep¬ WASHINGTON MONUMENT UNVEILING, tion of the present First Reg., National Guard of Pennsylvania, its original title being “First Regiment Grays Re¬ PLANS OF THE CHIEF MARSHAL serves.” After the riots of 1S77, In which the “Was'hy” Grays served with distinction, came the reorganization of Governor Hastings to Lead the Pennsyl¬ the National Guard of the State. The vania Column—Kegular Army Troops on Grays were expanded into a battalion, and in the following year, 1879, were the March—President McKinley to Unveil consolidated with the Weccacoe Le¬ the Statue—Troops Prom Adjacent States gion Battalion and assigned to the .Join in Paying Tribute to the father of Third Regiment, N. G. P. This action by the authorities was His Country—Dress Uniforms in Line—Hun¬ not relished by the members of the dreds of Business Men in the Cyclers’ old company,' and a vigorous protest was made. Finally, through a con¬ Panade—Special Exercises tii the Public ; solidation. of two companies of the Schools. _ First Regiment, a vacancy was crea¬ ted therein and the Grays were as¬ No pains have been spared by the authori¬ signed to it and given the letter G. ties in charge of the grand pageant which Under that letter the active command is to be one of the most impressive features is kept up, and the old civil or corpo¬ rate body, is maintained as an old of tiie unveiling of the Washington Monu¬ guard. The commanding officers; of ment in Fail-mount Park, on May 15, to the company, in chronological order, make this great civic, military and naval dis¬ since Its Inception, has been as fol¬ play one worthy of the citizens of this city , lows: John Swift, Cephas G. Chile*. and State, as well as of the immortal hero j John Worrell, Jr., Cephas G. Childs (second term), John McAdam, Peter whom it is the delight of all Americans to C. Ellmaker, Thomas J. Parry, Wil¬ honor; and the people of Philadelphia are liam C. Ward, L. D. Baugh, A. Laza¬ awakening to the fact that the event will rus, William C. Zane, Joseph P.- El¬ ibe one dbstined to occupy a high place in the liott, Eugene Z. Kienzie. Albert L. annals of the Commonwealth. All the mar-1 Williams, the present senior major of the First Regiment; Gustavus IC. sbals of the different divisions have been Morehead, and the present captain, assiduous in perfecting the details of the George C. Von der Lindt. big parade, and arrangements for the exer¬ OLDEST LIVING MEMBER. cises of the day are already well in hand. Route of the Parade. During the delivering of the address Joseph Barnett suddenly tottered, and The chief marshal of the military and but for the supporting arms would naval demonstration,. Major General George have fallen to the ground. He was R. Snowden, yesterday drove over the pro¬ carried to the Central News Company posed route of the parade, and finally deter¬ office, on South Washington Square, mined upon the line of march. Colonel John where a physician soon revived him. Biddle Porter and Colonel George H. North His age, over 70 years, coupled with accompanied him, and together they in¬ the excitement of the march from the spected the condition of the streets and the j armory, had proved too- much for him, roads in t’he Park, and spent some time in but the doctor considered it only a; the vicinity of the monument planning for faint, and the veteran was sent to- his! j the formation of the column and the review home, 1332 Green street. which will take place at the Green street After the close of Colonel Patter¬ entrance to the Park, near the monument. son’s address the march was resumed Nearly all the streets along the route are to the armory, and after being dis¬ in excellent condition, excepting at the junc¬ missed the active company had their tion. of Pennsylvania avenue and Spring Gar¬ annual dinner at Tagg’s Maennerciior den street. There the roadway is torn up by the ex¬ cavations for the Reading Subway, but Col¬ onel Porter will call upon Director of Public Works Thompson to-morrow, and hopes to be able to have a temporary structure thrown across the broken section of the street at this point. The several sites which have been under consideration for the location of the battery, which is to give the national salute to President McKinley at the moment of un¬ veiling, were also visited, as well as the grounds set apart for the encampment of the regular army troops, now on the march from New York. The exact site of the battery, which will fire the salute, will not be defin- Beguliirs on the \\ ay. , I itPl.v settled until their arrival, but they wili either be stationed near the Fail-mount The practice march of the regulars from Water Works, northwest of the reservoir, or New York to this city was begun yesterday ; on a, plateau on Sunset Hill, west of the morning, and by Friday. May 7, it is ex- i jioeted that they will reach Philadelphia. Fair-mount avenue entrance. The detachment consists of the following Where the Columns Will Form. commands in the order named: Before returning to division headquarters Colonel S. S. Sumner, Sixth Cavalry, com¬ an the evening, General Snowden announced manding; staff, First Lieutenant and Regi- that he had decided upon the entire route. mentaj Adjutant Robert L. Ilowze, Captain The column will form on Broad street, right William A, Arthur, assistant surgeon; First i resting on Spruce street, and will then move Lieutenant .1. A. Harman, quartermaster. north on Broad, going around by the west Squadron Sixth Cavalry, Major Thomas C. side of the City Hall to Spring Garden, Lebo commanding; staff. Second Lieutenant | thence to Twenty-fifth street, to Green Walter C. Short, adjutant; First Lieutenant I ‘ street, wheeling into Fail-mount Park and H. J. Gallagher, commissary. out the main drive to Lincoln monument, Troop A, Captain Henry M. Kendall, First then go«*»g to the right by the Sedgley drive, Lieutenant John P. Ryan, Second Lieutenant passing the McMichael, Humbodlt and .Toan j B. B. Hyer. of Arc monuments on the way to Girard Troop H, Captain Louis A. Craig, First avenue, then down Girard avenue, following Lieutenant Charles I). Rhodes, Second Lieu¬ the route of the Girard avenue street rail¬ tenant Elvin R. Heiberg. way, via AVest College avenue and Poplar Troop E, First Lieutenant Edwards C. street, and then back into Girard avenue and Brooks, Second Lieutenant August C. Mist- "■outinuing on that thoroughfare to Broad sen, Second Lieutenant George T. Summer- ■street, where the column will be dismissed, I Hn. after being reviewed by the chief marshal Troop G, Captain Frank West, Second and ills staff. Lieutenant Harry H. Stout, Second Lieuten¬ It was originally proposed to leave the ant, Abraham 0. Lott. main Park drive at Poplar street, and reach Light Battery E, First Artillery, Captain Girard avenue by the new drive, which runs Allyn Capron, First Lieutenant John L. parallel with the Reading Railway tracks, Chamberlain, First Lieutenant Harry Haw- but after considering the many beautiful .thorn. Second Lieutemvit Alston Hamilton. slopes of lawn along the main drive, which Non-commissioned staff. Sergeant Major will afford most desirable points of view for Julius Moll, Quartermaster Sergeant Gustav many thousands of spectators, General I Woenne. Hospital Steward William E, Mus- Snowden decided to continue the march by ! grove, Veterinary Surgeon Dr. John I’. Tur¬ Sedgiey and wheel down Girard avenue at ner, Band Master John Luchsiuger, Chief the entrance to the bridge. Trumpeter Robert Fowler. Great, satisfaction was expressed at the site There will also be four heavy batteries which has been selected for the encampment of the regulars, on the elevation north of Bel¬ which will Joijf. the detachment later. The mont avenue and north of the Twenty-fourth whole command comprises a total of ,'Q7 ward reservoir. The graceful slope from the officers and men, in the cavalry and light Belmont drive, leading to George’s Hall, a artillery. Upon arriving in the vicinity of few hundred yards to the southwest, over¬ | this city, the troops will be met by a party looks one of the most beautiful portions of j of prominent local military men, who wiii the Park. ride out to meet and conduct them to their i-nninins. around. Major David Lewis, of Precedence of the Militia. Major General Snowden's staff, will ac¬ Orders are expected in a few days from company the regulars during their journey, Adjutant General Stewart for the mobiliza¬ and will keep Colonel Porter informed as to tion of the Pennsylvania division of the Na¬ their movements, so that preparations may tional Guard for the big display. Many of be made for the troops’ reception in this the troops will arrive here on the night of city on their arrival. May 14, and the officers of the local com¬ The officers of the United States army ac- mands as soon as they are advised of the compaying the detachment are to be the re- time of the arrival of the regiments from the ■ c-ipients of much social attention while they interior of the State will make provision for make their stay here, and all the clubs, es¬ proper receptions at the stations. It is pecially the Union League, will be open for thought that those regiments which have their entertainment. dress uniforms will be permitted to wear them, as General Snowden is understood to AVheelmen Enthusiastic. lie heartily in favor of their so doing. The Plans for the monster bicycle parade, head of the Pennsylvania column will in all wherein most of the civil interest centers, probability be led by Governor Hastings. In the matter of precedence General Snow¬ are also progressing rapidly, and it is under- den is determined to adhere to the custom I stood that Chief Marshal Matos will ask for of giving to the militia of those States the additional electric light service at various right of line which earliest adopted the Con¬ points in Fairmount Park, where there are stitution of the United States. This is in steep inclines^ and abrupt curves. All the | accord with the regulations which have gov¬ boat clubs along the river front will also erned all inaugural displays at Washington, be brilliantly illuminated for the occasion, but which were disregarded at the recent pa- and in the vicinity of the monument power¬ ! rade in New York, where the troops of the ful calcium and electric lights will make the Empire State preceded those of a number of locality as bright as day. The city has re¬ other States, which, in strict military eti¬ quested the hearty co-operation of nil citi¬ quette, they should have followed. Should zens along the line of parade in decoration the National Guard of Delaware be repre- and illumination, and several clubs, nota¬ i seated these troops will, therefore, lead the bly the Union League, the Columbia and the column, after the regulars, followd by Penn¬ Century AVheelmen, have signified their in¬ sylvania and New Jersey and others in the tention to do so. order in which they ratified the Constitution. In the Business Aren’s Division of (lie cyc¬ lers, Division Marshal Jacob AVeil has re- I reived assurances ri'dipaTidn froth over a thousand w-Ueelmi Many of the big scores will have repi tentative 'eoaipanles. A HOLIDAY each distinctively attii pd in unlfoinn. or with some distinguishing s: feh, badge or cap. N- ] >hu Wantemaker, Lit Snellenburg & .Co., Jphn WanJimaker Governor Hastings SendB Word That He Brothers, Gimbel Br■, thers, William Mann Company,...._ Jacob Reedp . Sons and many oth¬ Has Approved Legislative Action. ers have made preparations to turn out from fifty to two hundred' men, and this par¬ Councils’ Committee and ticular division of th$ parade appears to have aroused much eni husiasm. Chief Mar¬ Others Arranging D etails. shal Matos lias arranged for a temporary telephone line along ' he route of the pa¬ rade, whereby he wi 1 be kept informed The French frigate Fulton arrived in of every movement of each division at va¬ rious points along tke line, and tedious this port yesterday afternoon and drop¬ breaks in the immense body of 15,000 cye- ped anchor opposite Race Street. The lers will be avoided. ; Fulton comes here from New York, by On Wednesday next tlhe chief marshal will order of President Faure, to take part take his staff over the entire route of pa¬ in the ceremonies of the unveiling of rade, starting from the City Hall at 4 o'clock the Washington monument. She is a on the afternoon of that day. small vessel, of about 800 tons, and car¬ Exercises in the Schools. ries a orew of 116 men and seven offi¬ In order to call attention to the import¬ cers. M. de Lesplnasse de Saune is in ance of the great event. Superintendent of command and the other officers are E. Schools Dr. Edward Brooks is planning to Prat, lieutenant, second in command; L. make Friday, May 14, the day previous Chavanon, F. Sercot and M. Collon, en¬ to the unveiling, one of special inteiest signs; S. Tigard, paymaster and P. Vi- in the public schools. He has announced zerie, surgeon. his intention of issuing a circular to the Immediately after her arrival word, different principals during the coming week, was sent to the French Consul, Henri in which he will recommend the holding Orlandl, who at once paid his respects of special exercises, varied to suit the to the commandant, and later he was different grades, hut in all of the same general patriotic character, bearing on the waited upon by Colonel John Biddle Por¬ me anti work of Washington. Everything! ter, president of the Society of the Cin¬ will lie done to impress upon the children cinnati, both of which calls will be re¬ the importance of Saturday’s celebration. turned this morning by M. de Saune— The irator of the ttayi who ‘will make etiquette demanding that they be re¬ the ad Iress at the unveiling of the statue, turned within twenty-four hours. Dur¬ is Wll [am W. Porter, a grandson of Ex- ing the morning ceremonial calls will Goveri >r David R. Porter, of Pennsylvania, also be made upon the Mayor, the Col¬ : and n phew of General Horace Porter, who lector of Customs, John R. Read, and made he address at the dedication of the Commodore Howell, at League Island, i Grant nonument in New York last week. After these state calls are made the officers and crew of the Fulton will set¬ rJter--- tle down to see Philadelphia. One of the courtesies already extended to the offi¬ cers is entree at the Union League, by Colonel Wiedersheim. An ovation will be given the visiting nrenchmen by tne Association JNauonaie From, Francaise, in the shape of a reception at tht association headquarters, 317 South Fifth Street, at such time as suits the rsitors, and headed by the president, lfred Bordes, preparations had been made by the association to go down the river to meet and welcome the Ful¬ , .'Jj 7 ton, a demonstration which the arrival of the boat a day earlier (than was ex¬ pected made impossible. It is announced t? that the Italian warship Dagoll, with *Vf“ ** ffi ** * a crew of 250 men and thirteen officers, is also expected here and will be invited FRENCH FRIGATE to participate in the ceremonies on May 15. Councils’ committee having charge of arrangements for fhd monument unveil¬ ^ FULTON ARRIVES. ing met last night, and Messrs. Miles, Hartman and Allen were appointed a committee to represent Councils at the reception of the officers of the French Will Represent Her Country ship and the officers of any other foreign vessels who may be present at the un¬ at Washington Monu¬ veiling of the monument. This commit¬ tee will likely accompany the Mayor ment Unveiling. upon his visit to thfe French ship. At the meeting of the Councils' com¬ mittee last night aj number of the ar¬ rangements for th^ celebration were 23 • ■ completed. "GovernTF?—fiarstm'gs 'giStR- a communication announcing that he had approved the action of the Legislature GREAT PLANS FOR making May 15 a legal holiday, and that as he was deeply interested in contribut¬ ing to the success of the unveiling cere¬ monies-he would be ready to aid in any IWORUMERT DAY way possible looking to that end. Chairman Clay announced that ar¬ FESTIVITIES AVILL BEGIN THE DAY rangements had been completed with the members of the Schuylkill boat clubs, BEFORE THE UNVEILING. whereby all of the boat houses along the river would be handsomely decorated on the afternoon and night of May 15. The Committee on Bicycle Parade reported LITTLE NOW LEFT TO BE DONE in favor of permitting no fireworks but colored lights to be used in the parade. The Unveiling of the Washington Monu¬ Communications were received from the officers of the Pennsylvania and ment in the Park to be the Greatest Occa¬ Philadelphia & Reading Railway, stating sion of the Year for Philadelphia and that they would sell excursion tickets Pennsylvania—Dignified Ceremonies to be at the rate of one fare for the round trip, to all who desired to visit Phila¬ Participated in by the Great Men of the delphia on the occasion of the unveiling Nation, the Representatives of Foreign of the monument. Countries, Warships of This and Other RECOMMENDED FOR JUDGES. Nations, the Regular Troops of the United The Associated Bicycle Clubs reported in favor of the following gentlemen as States and the Citizen Soldiery of Pennsyl- > the Judges to award the prizes in the vania and Neighboring States—Festivities : bicycle parade, and they were accept¬ able to the committee: Rev. Russell H. to Precede and Follow the Event. Conwell, Postmaster Carr, City Commis¬ sioner Richmond, Barclay Warburton H The dedication of the great Washington B Worrell, G. B. Gideon and Albert Mott. Monument on Saturday next is at present Chief Marshal M!atos, of the bicycle the all-engrossing subject of interest to the parade, reported that arrangements for denizens of this city, and preparations for it were practically completed, and that the actual ceremonies of the day have al¬ at least 15,000 wheelmen, including sever- ready been completed, with the exception be in'lfne1^ *rom out of the city, would of a few matters of detail, which will be Director’of Public Safety Riter, who definitely decided in a day or two. The was present, stated that in his opinion th® iT°ut? selected by the wheelmen, large number of distinguished personages ^1Ye.Inf|es in length, was toe who will be the guests of the city on that long, and that if it was adhered to the paiade would last until Sunday morn- day is a stimulus to the pride of every Phila¬ •vFi i6 a so said it would be Impos¬ delphian in making the affair one worthy sible to properly police such a route of the State and municipality, and the pres¬ and suggested that a route of not more than five miles in length be adopted, I ence of a number of foreign warships ren¬ Tuh® ™.atiter was referred to Chief Mar- ! ders the event one of international impor¬ shal Matos and the Director, who will I hold a conference to-day. tance. Colonel Porter, who was present rep¬ The French warship Fulton is already here, resenting the Society of the Cincinnati and the Spanish cruiser Dogali will leave reported that the arrangements of that New York to-day for this port to be present organization were going forward in a when the unveiling of the Washington Monu¬ satisfactory manner. He stated ment occurs. She is a type of vessel that 15JL U ??ssj£Ie that the United is much admired by naval men, and while f^a-pehSui>a'titlt!ihlp V®xas would be sent to Philadelphia within a few days, and at New Y'ork with the crack cruiser Infanta ^Lherx?re^ would participate in the Maria Teresa and her consort ship Infanta parade He thought the parade on May Isabel, she was very carefully inspected. H V0Nld move Promptly at 12 o’clock; As she is of that class which requires sal¬ ™,,th,e ceremonies at the monument would begin promptly at 2 o’clock, and utes when passing government stations guns : will boom in her honor at Fort Delaware rev,wre?Iengineer notre, who during his stay in this city will corps and infantry of the regular army, fol¬ be the guest of his father-in-law, James El- lowed by the naval battalions from the verson, at his residence, 2024 Walnut street. French and Italian warships and the forces About 10 o’clock Friday morning Governor of the Texas, Terror, Columbia, of the North Hastings and the members of the Legislature Atlantic Squadron. After these will come are expected to arrive. They will be met by the militia in the order in which their re¬ a committee of the Councils, of which Henry spective States ratified the Constitution of, Clay Is chairman, and will be escorted to the the United States, this being the custom at j steamer Sylvan Dell, on board which they j all the inaugural parades. According to this ! will be given an excursion on the Delaware, j regulation, the National Guard of Delaware i They will first be taken to Cramps, and after | would take precedence, followed by that of viewing the wonders of shipbuilding there, Pennsylvania and New Jersey in turn. Gov¬ they will proceed south, probably as far as ernors' Tunnell. of Delaware; Hastings, of Chester, returning to Washington Park to Pennsylvania, and Griggs, of New Jersey, declare war against the finny tribe in the are expected to ride in line at the heads of shape of a shad dinner, flanked shad, fresh the troops from their respective States. from the water, being something of a Festivities for the Evening. novelty to some of the inland members. Busy Hours for the President. At 6.30 in the evening the State Society of the Cincinnati will give what promises to The first important function will be a din¬ be the most notable dinner ever given in ner which the Union League will give at this part of the country. It will be in honor half-past 6 Friday evening in honor of the of the President and his party, the French President. This dinner will be followed by Ambassador, who will respond to the toast. a general reception, lasting from 8 to 10, ••To the Memory of Our French Allies,” and for members of the League and prominent the leading ofllcers of the army and navy. guests. While this dinner is in progress there will All Friday night, from 6 o'clock on, troops be given a very brilliant military reception will be arriving at the different railway sta¬ at the Armory of the First City Troop. tions and by Saturday morning the city will Twenty-first street, above Chestnut, to which have a decidedly military appearance. The I all commissioned officers of thearmyana nav.v troops will be met by detachments of the va¬ and of the visiting vessels and militia will rious local commands,who will escort them to be invited. It will be one of the most repre¬ the different quarters where they will be en¬ sentative military gatherings ever known in tertained during, their stay in the city. this city. All will be in full dress uniforms On Saturday morning President McKinley and supper will be served from 6 to 10. The will in all probability be taken for a drive Armory will be brilliantly illuminated, and in the Park by Secretary Horner, of the un¬ an excellent opportunity will be afforded veiling committee, that he may get a general those present of witnessing the great bi¬ view of the beautiful spot which is to be the cycle parade which will be the feature of scene of the exercises in the afternoon. At the^evening’s demonstrations. This will start half-past 1 o’clock he will drive to the mon¬ at 7.30 and will be an immense affair, over ument and take his seat on the stand to the 15,000 riders from Pennsylvania, Delaware, strain of “Hail to the Chief.” played by New Jersey and probably Maryland having the Municipal Band, which will render sev¬ signified their intention of participating. eral selections previous to the commence¬ ment of the ceremonies. The Presidential party will be preceded by the First City THE ORATOR OF THE DAY Troop, which will act as escort of honor, and will be followed by the contingent of the William W. Porter to Deliver the Address regular army and navy. At 2 o’clock the I at the Dedication of tlie Wash¬ exercises will begin, consisting of addresses ington Monument. by Major William Wayne, president of the State and General Society of the Cincinanti; It is not often that two men so closely con- Mayor Warwick, William W. Porter, the | nec-ted as uncle and nephew should be orator of the day; James McManes. or other chosen from an almost limitless number of member of the Park Commission; the un¬ speakers as orators of the day upon occa¬ veiling of the statue by President McKinley sions where the people of a country are en¬ and the review by the President of the mili¬ deavoring to do honor to the memory of two tary parade. The troops will also be re¬ of their greatest heroes. Yet such is the viewed by the chief marshal, Major General coincidence caused by the selection of Will¬ George R. Snowden, at Fifteenth street and iam W. Porter by the Society of the Cincin- i Girard avenue, after which they will be dis¬ nati as the orator of the day at the unveiling missed. of the Washington monument. Delaware Will Take the Dead. Mr. Porter is the nephew of General Hor¬ ace Porter, ex-Mipister to France, and the A large and substantial grand stand, ac¬ orator upon the dedication of the Grant tomb commodating 700 persons, will be erected in New York. These two gentlemen are to¬ on the east side of Broad street, above Race, day the two eminent representatives of one on the shady side, for the parade on Satur¬ of the most distinguished families in the day. This will be an exceptionally good lo¬ State. They are directly descended from cation to view the parade, as the stand will General Andrew Porter, who served with be of such aheight to allow of an unob¬ distinction on Geaeral Washington's staff, structed view of the entire parade. All seats and whose eldest son, David R. Porter, was will be numbered and reserved, and no one j for two terms Governor of Pennsylvania.) 9W 25 II the "word is draw, * explained tne wise ser- I geant, “don't yez draw. But when the word I is "sabres,” why them, dom it, all of yez draw.” I Plenty of Gaiety for All. Colouel Morrell has entertained the officers | royally. Yesterday afternoon the line offi¬ cers were driven over to Bala and the Coun- I try Club and entertained while Colonel Sum¬ ner, Major Lancaster and staff were given a dinner by Colonel and Mrs. Morrell at the Bellevue at 0 In the evening. To-day every- j one in the camp expects a big crowd and several of the best-looking privates were busily-sewing on buttons last night. It was said yesterday that it was possible j the troops might not leave for the Fairmount Park headquarters, near George’s Hill Reser¬ voir, until Wednesday, but it is probable that they will leave Monday morning, as be¬ fore announced. WHEELMEN’S GREAT LINE How Nearly One Hundred Organizations Will Parade in Memory of Washington. All the arrangements are now completed WILLIAM W. PORTER ' for the wheelmen’s demonstration, in con¬ The Orator of the Day. nection with the ceremonies incident to the unveiling of the Washington Monument on Governor Porter’s eldest son was the late Judge William A. Porter, the father of Will¬ Saturday next, and everything is in readi¬ iam W. Porter. The latter was graduated ness for the monster parade to take place. from the University of Pennsylvania iu 1875 Last evening William W. Matos, the chief with the degree of A. B., and took his mas¬ marshal of the parade, issued his final orders ter’s degree three years later. While at col¬ t to the clubs and organizations taking part, lege he was noted as one of the best speak¬ ers of the institution, and was elected as Ivy I giving the route of the parade, the places of formation and rules governing the same, day orator of his class. He was admitted to rue paraue ivin uegin promptly at 7.30 I the bar in May. 1877, and immediately joined his father. Judge Porter, in the active prac¬ o'clock from Broad and Spring Garden tice of his profession. streets and will continue over the route pro¬ Mr. Porter is a member of a number of posed, except that it will be taken to Moore social organizations, among others the Union j street, on South Broad street, instead of League and the Scotch-Irish Society, of Washington avenue, countermarching north ' which latter organization he was at one time to the City Hall, where the parade will be j the president. He has always been promi¬ nent in the Society of the Cincinnati, and dismissed. Every club and organization is was retained as their counsel in the ce’.e- | ordered to be in their proper positions at ' brated case involving the question as to the i 7.15 o’clock ready to move promptly on time. I location of this Washington monument. He Any club or organization not in its place at I is also a writer of exceptional clearness on that hour will lose Its position. legal points, and some of his works are con¬ sidered standard among the legal profession in this State. _ LIFE IN THE REGULARS’ CAMP Visitors Without Number Invade Torres- dale and Make Life Gay for the Boys in Blue. Visitors came in crowds yesterday to the regulars’ camp. Morrell, at Torresdale, and investigated everything inquisitively. The regulars are used to it. though. At Chicago during the strike the Sixth Cavalry were on I hand and they had over 15,000 visitors a I day. In New York at the Grant parade it was even worse, and in Elizabeth, where the men were delayed a couple of days last week by the rain, all New Jersey turned invaders. "They stole the buttons from our coats; they stole the cartridges from our belts,” said an old artilleryman yesterday in a soft South of Ireland accent that could be cut with a knife. “They trampled on everything, and we were glad to get out alive.” There was a twinkle iu his eye as he spoke, for the in¬ vaders had been women, the idols and the ruin of the tender-hearted soldier man. Every lost button to him meant a sweet bit of cajolery with his mellifluous Blarney tongue. By count there were four missing. Differences in tile Men. WILLIAM W. MATOS I A great many people still mistake the Chief Marshal of the Bicycle Parade. mb jaa 7_ » AAA JI DAY PROGEAMM tu The Series of Interesting; Events Which Will Make Up the Ceremonies Incident to the Unveiling’ of the Washington Monument Next Saturday. 1. P. M.—Members of the State Society of the Cincinnati will be driven to the stand erected for their accommodation opposite the Monument, where they will be prepared to receive the President and his party upon their arrival. While waiting there will be a preliminary concert by the Municipal Band. 1.30 P. M.—The commltee of the Society will convey the President and other guests from their hotels, preceded by the First City Troop as honorary escort, to the Monument, over the following route: Out Broad to Spring Garden, out Spring Garden to Twenty-fifth, and thence to the stand. The Presidential party will be followed by the military contingent, headed by the troops of the regular army and navy. They will arrive at the statue shortly before 2 o'clock. 2 P. M.—Ceremonies at the statue in the following order: Prayer by Right Rev. Bishop Ozl W. Whitaker. Address by Major William Wayne, president pt the State and General Society of the Cincinnati. President McKinley and the trustees of the statue will cross over to the Monument, where the President will puli the cord unveiling the statue. National salute of twenty-one guns by a battery of the regular army, the Municipal Band playing “Hail Columbia.” The President will return to the stand, and William W. Porter will deliver the oration of the day. Major Wayne will then formally present the statue to the city of Phila¬ delphia on behalf of the Society of the Cincinnati. Acceptance by Mayor Warwick, who will in turn transfer it to the Fair- mount Park Commission. The president of that body, James McManes, will accept it on behalf of the Commissioners. President McKinley and about a dozen invited guests will then take their positions on a small stand on the west of the statue, and the troops will pass in review, taking the following route: Out the main Park drive, continuing on Sedgely Road, passing the Lincoln, Morton McMichael, Humboldt and Joan of Arc statues. They will wheel into Girard avenue, down which they will proceed. At Fifteenth street they will be reviewed by the Chief Marshal of the parade, Major General George R. Snowden, and staff, dismissing at Broad and Girard. 5 P. M.—The President and other distinguished guests will be driven to their hotels to prepare for dinner. 6 to 10 P. M.—Reception and supper at the Armory of the First City Troop to commissioned officers of the army and navy and of the visiting vessels, as well as officers of the National Guard. All will be in full dress uniforms. 6.30 P. M.—Dinner by the State Society of the Cincinnati at Horticultural Hall to the President, the French Ambassador, M. Jules Patenotre, visiting officers of the different commands in the city and the members of the State and General Society of the Cincinnati. Covers will be laid for four hundred guests, and the toast, "To the Memory of Our French Allies,” will be re¬ sponded. to by Ambassador Patenotre. 7.30 P. M.—Parade of the wheelmen of the city and visiting delegations. Line forms at Broad and ! pring Garden streets and to proceed north on Broad to Diamond, west ti the Park and along the river drive to the Monu¬ ment. Thence south on Tventy-fifth street to Hamilton, to Twenty-second, to Race, to Twenty-firs:, to Locust, to Broad, to Moore street, and, countermarching, dismiss at the City Hall. At 11 o’clock the parade shall be considered officially ended at all points along the route. rxtff..lyi. jhtmf-v WVV wan1 KMVJtr II The wheelmen will vide sis abreast street. 1. Central Y. M. C.; 2. west i-uim- throughout the entire line. No fireworks of delphia Y. M. C. A.; 3. Pennsylvania Rail¬ i anv kind will he allowed in the line of road Y. M. C. A.; 4. Right resting on Fif¬ I parade (red and green fire excepted), and the teenth street. Premier Cycling Club; 5. Nor¬ |( police will be given instructions to see that wood AVheelmen; 6. AVest Hope Association; i this order is enforced, so as to prevent acci¬ 7. Athletic AA’heelmen; 8. Right resting on dents All c-lubs and organization® are or- Sixteenth street. Silver Star AA’heelmeu; 0. clered' to carry special flags giving the name Stetson AA’beelmen; 10. .Lafayette Wheel¬ j of their organization to assist the judges m men; 11. Aquinas AA^heelmen; 12. Progress¬ ive AVheelmen. making awards. The Order of Formation. Second Division—Out of Town. The formation of the seven divisions of the Harold G. Gibson, division marshal. The second division will be made up of parade are as follows: three sections, as follows: First Division—City Clubs. First Section—Form on AA’allace street, ! west or «roach right resting on tsroaa street. Captain George A. Bilyeu, division marshal. 1. Allen AVheelmen. of Allentown; 2. Chester The first division will be divided into twelve Bicycle Club, of Chester, Pa.; 3. Norwood i sections, and will form as follows: In fall¬ AVheelmen, of Norwood, Pa.; 4. Lansdowne ing into line the divisions will follow' in Bicycle Club, of Lansdowne, Pa.; 5. Right resting on Fifteenth street, Lawndale AVheel¬ regular order-. Clubs will note their sections men, of Lawndale, Pa. and number of positions. Second Section—Form on Wallace street, First Section—Form on east side of Broad east of Broad, right resting on Broad street. street, south of Spring Garden, right resting 1. Century AVheelmen, of Camden; 2. Cres¬ on Spring Garden street. 1. Frankford Bicy- cent Wheelmen, of Camden; 3. Emerson cle ciud; 2. Pennsylvania Bicycle Club; 3. AA'heelmen, of Camden; 4. Stockton Wheel¬ Century Wheelmen. men, of Camden. Third Section—Form on Melon street, east ( Second Section—Form on west side of of Broad, right resting on Broad street. 1. Broad street, south of Spring Garden, right Camden Bicycle Club; 2. Stylus Wheelmen, resting on Spring Garden street. 1. South of Camden; 3. Egypt Club, of Camden. End Wheelmen; 2. AVissahickon Wheelmen: Third Division—Military. 3. Columbia Cyclers. Third Section—Form on south side of Captain H. D. Turner, marshal. Spring Garden street, east of Broad, right The third division will be made up of four resting on Broad street. 1. Quaker City sections, as follows: Wheelmen; 2. Time Wheelmen; 3. Philadel¬ First Section—Form on south side of Fair- phia Turner Cyclers; 4. Fairhill Wheelmen. mount avenue, west of Broad street, right Fourth Section—Form on south side of resting on Broad. 1. Second Regiment, N. Spring Garden street, west of Broad, right G. I\, Cycle Corps; 2. AArashington Grays, ( resting on Broad street. 1. Wizbet Wheel¬ First Regiment, N. G. P., Cycle Corps. men; 2. Penn Wheelmen; 3. C. T. A. Wheel¬ Second Section—Form on north side of men; 4. Francisviile Indians; 5. Right resting Fairmount avenue, west of Broad street, 1 on Fifteenth street, Waseca Wheelmen; 6. right resting on Broad street. 1. Third i (Pilot Wheelmen; T. Tioga Wheelmen; 8. Dia¬ Regiment, N. G. P., Cycle C-orps. mond Wheelmen. Third Section—Form on Fairmount avenue, east of Broad street, right resting on Broad, j Fifth Section—Form on north side of Spring 1. Battery A, N. G. P., Cycle Corps; 2. Gat- Garden street, east of Broad, right resting jtling Gun Company B, ij. G. N. J., Cycle! on Broad. 1. Ferncliff Wheelmen; 2. Castle Corps. ■Wheelmen; 3. Kenilworth Wheelmen; 4. Cal¬ Fourth Section—Form on Brown street, edonian Wheelmen. I west of Broad, right resting on Broad. 1. Sixth Section—Form on north side of i Bethany Boys’ Battalion Cycling Corps; 2. . Spring Garden street, west of Broad, right Temple Guard Cycling Corps; 3. Baptist [ Boys Brigade Cycling Corps. resting on Broad. 1. Broad Street Station Wheelmen; 2. Schuylkill Navy Wheelmen; Fourth Division—Cycling Organizations. 3. Clover Wheelmen; 4. Right resting on Fif¬ H. A. Danizebecher, marshal. teenth street. Liberty Wheelmen; 5. Penn The fourth division will be made up of two Treaty Wheelmen r 6. Glen wood Wheelmen; sections, as follows: 7. Racycle Wheelmen. First Section—Form on Brown street, east Seventh Section—Form on Brandywine of Broad, right resting on Broad street, Post street, east of Broad, right resting on Broad. Office AArheelmen. 1. Owl Wheelmen; 2. Wizbet Wheelmen; Second Section—Form on Parrish street, 3. Rambler Wheelmen. (Room for one more). east of Broad, right resting on Broad street. | Eighth Section—Form on Brandywine 1. American Travelers’ AVheelmen; 2, Nation¬ al McKinley and Hobart AATheelmen. street,_west of Broad, right resting on Broad. I. Keystone Wheelmen; 2. Waverly Fifth Division—Schools. Wheelmen; 3. Puritan Wheelmen. Ninth Section—Form on Green street, east W. G. Jones, marshal. of Broad, right resting on Broad. 1. Twen¬ Form on Parrish street, west of Broad, > tieth Century Wheelmen; 2. Northeast right resting on Broad street. 1. Central i Wheelmen; 3. Northwest Wheelmen; 4. High School Wheelmen; 2. Northeast Man- j Young Men’s Business League Wheelmen. ual Training School AArheelmen; 3. Central Manual Training School, right resting on Tenth Section—Form on Green street, west Fifteenth street. of Broad, right resting on Broad (street. 1. Chippewa Bicycle Club; 2. League Cy¬ Sixth Division—Business Men’s League. cling Club; 3. Washington Square Wheelmen; j Jacob AA’eil, marshal. 4. St. Stephen's Wheelmen. This division will be made up of three sec¬ Eleventh Section—Form on Mount Vernon tions, as follows: street, east of Broad, right resting on Broad i First Section—Form on south side of Gi¬ street. 1. Fayette Wheelmen; 2. Memphis - rard avenue, east of Broad street, right rest¬ Bicycle Club; 3. Brotherhood Wheelmen; 4. ing on Broad street. Alcyon Wheelmen; 5. Mason Cyclers; 6. Second Section—Form on south side of Gi¬ Rheingold AVheelmen. rard avenue, west of Broad street, right rest¬ Twelfth Section—Form on Mount Vernon ing on Broad. street, west of Broad, right resting on Broad Third Section—Form on north side of Gi¬ rard avenue, west of Broad street, right rest¬ ing on Broad. Seventh Division — Unattached Wheelmen. | of boarding the French warship Fulton, R. David Porter, marshal. parently there is something in the trie This division will be made up of five eec- I France which pleases the American,and ' tions, as follows: tain de Saune. appreciating the respect which hie; vessel is held, issued an order _ RR'st Section—Form on north side of Gi- permit visitors to board her. A detail lard avenite, east of Broad street, right rest¬ men was placed on deck to answer questions ing on Broad street. This section will be re¬ asked of them, and during the afternoon served for ladies. there was a continuous stream of people pass-1 of^Broad ^6Ction—^Form on Stiles street, east ing to and from the vessel. From Arch street wharf a fleet of boats, in Third Section—oikcd street, west charge of Captain Samuel Phillips, was kept of Broad. busv. and some of the first patrons were Fourth Section—Form on Thompson street, Commandant Howell,from the League Island east of Broad. Navy Yard, and Commander Fauds, of the Fifth Section—Form on Thompson street, cruiser Columbia,who returned the visit paid west of Broad. by Captain de Saune. With Commander Fauds and Commander Howell were a num-j BIG HOUSES FURNISH COMPANIES number of junior naval officers, all of whom: were treated in that suave manner so char¬ acteristic of the French. Visitors will be al- Representatives of Great Mercantile Estab¬ ailowed upon the Fulton to-day, excepting lishments Form Companies of Paraders. while religious Service is being celebrated. A number of the members of the French So¬ The Business Men’s Deague of Wheelmen, ciety as individuals have made arrangements formed for the great Washington monument to call upon Captain de Saune to-day. parade next Saturday evening, will be made Delegates from the French colony and Act¬ up of the following companies, recruited ing Consul Henri Orlandi held a consultation from the various big business houses of the yesterday to arrange for a reception to the officers and crew of the Fulton, but no defi¬ city: nite action was taken. _jSWk A. —William Mann Co. B. —Gimbel Bros. C. —John Wanamaker. D. —Strawbridge & Clothier. E. —Philadelphia Inquirer. F. —Lit Brothers. G. —Phil. J. Walsh Estate. From, H. —Sharpless Bros. L. —Joel J. Baily &■ Co. J. —Jacob Reed's Sons. Iv.—N. Snellenburg & Co. D.—L. M. Haber & Co. M. —Hood, Foulkrod & Co. N. —H. M. Rosenblatt & Co. O. —Ab. Kirschbaum & Co. I’.—Electric Storage Battery. Date, Q. —Charles E. Hires & Co. R. —Ketterlinus Lithographic Company. S. —Crow & Sons. T. —Chicago Merchandise Co. F.—Wm. H. Grevemeyer & Co. V. —Philadelphia Baby Carriage Co. W. —Arctic Refrigerating Co. X. —Wm. Trafford. I Y.—Wm. H. Horstmann & Co. Z.—Philadelphia Cloak and Suit Co. AA. —lHarrison Bros. & Co. TO BREAK GA1WP BB.-D. Handy Tablet .Co. OC.—Philadelphia Bourse. DD.—Miller Lock Co. FOR THE FIRST TIME IN MANY YEARS THE LINE TO BE LONGER THEY VISIT PHILADELPHIA. Director Kiter Heeds the Appeals of Down- Towners for a View of the Parade. PREPARING FOR WASHINGTON DAY Department of Public Safety, City of Phila¬ delphia, City Hall, May 7, 1897. W. W. Matos, Esq., Chief Marshal, Bicycle The United States Soldiers to Leave Tor- Parade. resdale and March Through the City to Dear Sir: Having carefully considered Fairmount Park, Where They Will Pitch the matter of the application of a number of gentlemen for the extension of the route of Their Tents—Crowds Visit the Camp and the bicycle parade from Washington avenue Listen to Some Excellent Musie by the j to Moore street I have concluded that it would be wise. Will you, therefore, make Sixth Cavalry Band—Hundreds of Visitors the southern terminus of the route on Broad street, Moore street, instead of Washington to Fairmount Park View With Interest the avenue. Scene of Saturday’s Ceremonies—A Large In every other particular the route as agreed upon yesterday is to remain intact. I Number of People Board and Inspect the remain yours truly, French Warship Fulton. Frank M. Riter, Director. FRENCH WARSHIP CROWDED To-day ushers in the first exercise con¬ nected with the dedication of the Washing¬ Captain De Saune Issues an Order Per¬ ton monument on Saturday next, the en¬ mitting Visitors Aboard the Vessel, trance into the city and encampment In and Many Take Advantage Fairmount Park of the troops of the regular of the Opportunity. army, which for several days past have given At least a thousand people along the such a martial air to Torresdale. wharves yesterday clamored for the privilege Some little dissatisfaction seems to exist fluffing tlie heavy artillerymen as to the rea¬ monies of guard mounting were over the son assigned for the lay-over Sunday in Tor- same band gave a concert, which -was thor¬ Iresdale. This was said to he on account of oughly enjoyed by everyoue. the fatigued condition of the foot soldiers, Many of the tents were artistically deco¬ tv ho were the heavy artillerymen, and the rated with wild flowers. One of the caval¬ necessity for waiting until they could first rymen’s had the usual stack of sabres sur¬ catch up with the mounted troops and then rounding the centre-pole, connected by a car¬ recuperate. tridge belt tilled with buttercups. ’The color This has touched the pride of the gunners of the beautiful little blossoms was exactly the same shade as the distinctive cavalry yel¬ and they assert that they not only reached low, and harmonized perfectly with the yel-- camp within an hour after the arrival of the : low-lined and bordered blankets, saddles and cavalry and light batteries, but were as other paraphernalia about the tent. fresh and as ready to proceed on their way In the evening no sunset gun was fired this as the rest of the command. And they only being customary in a permanent camp; but the buglers of the various commands look it. sounded the assembly, the troops fell into line and the roll was called. In one group of three buglers attached to an artillery corps CROWDS BESIEGE was Martini, or Martin, as he is better known, the sole survivor of the ill-fated com¬ CAMP TORRESDALE mand of General Custer, massacred at the battle of Little Big Horn. This man was sent by General Custer as a messenger a Fifteen Thousand People Leave the City short time before the fight began, and thus to Inspect the Headquarters of the j escaped. The troops will break camp at 7 o’clock United States Troops. this morning, and will reach George’s Hill Camp Torresdale was yesterday attacked, about 3 o’clock this afternoon. They will Ibesieged and captured by an army of pleas¬ march in their blouses instead of the blue flannel shirts which have formed their at¬ ure seekers. All day long, hut especially in tire on the main portion of their journey. jthe afternoon,the crowds from the city con¬ Their course will be down Broad to Spring tinued to pour out of town by train, boat, Garden, out which street they will proceed itrolley and wheel, and to advance upon the to the Park. Ipost of the unlucky boys in blue, until the latter were forced to surrender uncondi¬ VISITORS TO THE FULTON tionally, and the civilians held the field. It is estimated that not less than fifteen thou¬ Crowds Tread the Decks of the French sand people visited the camp during the day Warship and Explore Her Recesses. and of these about half were of the sex for Five thousand is probably a low estimate which brass buttons have ever had an irre¬ sistible attraction. of the number of people who visited the war- All along the different company streets ; ship Fulton yesterday and paid homage to little knots of feminine admirer’s might be the tricolor of France, which floated from seen in front of the partly open tents, watch¬ the mizzenmast of the vessel. From early ing the actions of the inmates with an air of in the morning until late at night three (eager curiosity, such as might be expected in i steam launches, some of which were of an [viewing some rare wild animals in a menag¬ i ancient type, and a score of rowboats were erie. Nor were they at all backward in dis- 1 found necessary to convey from Race and cussing in tones perfectly audible to the sub¬ I Arch street wharves the people who were jects cf their remarks, anything which hap¬ j clamoring to be allowed the privilege of pened to strike their fancy. i treading the .deck of the Fulton. “Oh, see! There’s a man blacking his Captain de Sauue and the officers of the boots!” "Don’t they have anything else to vessel were surprised when immediately fol¬ sleep on except those blankets?” “Aren’t lowing divine service steam launches and they sunburned?” "Don’t you s’pose they rowboats steered alongside of the Fulton get cold in those tents? Oh, do look with loads of people. There was no alterna¬ at those dear little beds!” were some tive for the good-natured captain but to ad¬ of the many exclamations overheard. One mit the visitors after the gangplank had dashing young cyclist, in a fetching costume been carefully arranged so as to preclude of black and red, waylaid a grizzled captain all possibility of accident. The crew was of artillery and put him through a categorical prepared for visitors, hut had not antici¬ examination which would have turned his pated that they would board the vessel in hair whiter than time and sendee had al¬ 1 contingents of thirty and forty at a time. In ready done had not her companion, a sad¬ a little while the decks were swarming with faced young man in golf socks and whiskers, curious people, many of whom were popping put a check on her flow of interrogation. Nothing was so deep or abstruse in militarv questions at the seamen and peeping into the big breech-loading cannon. matters hut this modern Joan of Arc tackled Captain de Saune ordered that the visitors It, and when she finally demanded of the he given unlimited freedom of the vessel and long-suffering captain “what the poor men a gunner was stationed at each of the can¬ thought of when pacing up and down so long non with instructions to answer promptly in front of those tents?” he was forced to ad¬ and cheerfully all questions put by those who mit that in all probability their thoughts at understood French. The visitors included many French Americans and these, with times ''yould not bear formulation in words, numerous natives of the soil, wore red, especially if the weather was nasty or the white and blue ns indicative of their respect command just in from a long march. for the French Republic. Captain de Saune fnir,f»,?HCl0Ck V?6 bugles blew the "assembly received all with the same degree of cordi- for guatd mounting and the throng of specta¬ | ality until about noon, when he turned the tors were treated to this sight, one of the : command of the vessel over to Lieutenant | Pratt and went ashore as the guest of Act- [ i“ camp life. As the relief guard ing Consul Henri Orlandi. and thln«ffi0nt of.the commandant’s quarters Besides the enterprising individuals who oiv?erlh th fflKer,*0f day gave the various were running boats, a launch and two row¬ orders, the band of the Sixth Cavalry, one of boats were kept constantly going between beautiful* the: ,service’ Played a number of Arch street and the Fulton by sailors from j beautiful selections; and after the cere¬ I the vessel. Much competition existed be- tween Se pa My af" U&CC street "wharf and The Emergency Corj s'wfn have fifteen sta¬ those |,;&t»Arck streeti>ver the running of tion s,_ as follows: Bro d and Spruce streets, boats. One of the oarsUnen struck the pilot Broaa and Walnut G reets, Betz building, of a lamicli over Ihe head witli an par, but Masonic Temple, Br ad and Vine strets, the timely arrival of the police prevented Broad and Spring 0 ardeu streets, Tiven- what might have been a serious row. Two i’Jl, and„ Spring Ga den streets, Twenty- young mqn; McAloon and Grady, former sai¬ fifth and Spring Garden streets, grand stand, lors on the Saratoga, attired in natty sea¬ Lincoln Monument, Jean of Arc Monument, men's unifortns, served as criers at Race Twenty-seventh and (Heard avenue, German ' street wharf. At Rifce street and Arch street Hospital and Broad and Girard avenue. hig streamers and ithe flags of all nations Each emergency corps will have two doc¬ were strung from tie west side of Delaware tors and an ambulance. avenue to the bulkfeads. The cries of the respective parties could be heard bellowing a square off, “This way to the man-o’-war!" and at the same time crowds of people kept rushing down the gangplanks to the launches and rowboats. About 2 o’clock in the afternoon there was Programme for Saturday such a jam on Delaware avenue that a squad of police was detailed to keep them from blockading the thoroughfare completely. 1 P. SI.—Members of the State Society of the Cincinnati will be driven to ALL READY EOR TEE TROOPS the stand opposite the Monument, k.v v -—4- where they will receive the Presi¬ Park Trolley Cars Carry Thousands to the dent. Camp Ground Bjetween Belmont and 1.30 P. M.—The committee of the So¬ George’s Hill. ciety will convey the President and Under the direct on of General Thayer, other guests from their hotels.to the preparations are be ng rapidly made for the Monument. unveiling of the Washington Monument on 1 3 P. M.—Ceremonies at the statue Saturday. The big stands on the four sides begin. of the monument arp being promptly pushed to completion and will be finished in a day 1 6 to 10 P. M.—Reception and supper or so. Some of the pare spots about the big at the Armory of the First City monument will be sddded and by the time the Troop. President and his party reach the city the 6.30 P. M—Dinner by the State So¬ place will be looking at its best. ciety of the Cincinnati to President Hundreds of visitors to the Park stopped McKiniey at Horticultural Hall. to gaze up at the cloth-covered pile yester¬ day afternoon and many of the curious jour¬ 7.30 P. M—Parade of the wheelmen neyed from there nut to midway between of the city and visiting delegations. George’s Hill and Belmont Mansion, where the United States regulars are to encamp to¬ day. The troops will be met at Green street entrance by a company of Park guards, un¬ der Lieutenant Edwards, and escorted to the camping ground, where everything except the pitching of the tents has been made ready for their coming. Thousands of people rode to the camp ground on the new' Park trolley road and as the line goes direct to that point From, preparations are being made by the company to handle fbe great crowd w'hlch it is antic¬ ipated wdll flock to sqe the soldiers after their arrival to-day. It is estimated that the road hauled at least 15,000 passengers to the camp yesterday. SIGNAL SERVICE CORPS PRACTICE -1- The Arrangements for the Unveiling Cere¬ monies Completed^— Signal Stations and p r .r r.c-.;- Stations of the Itkedical Emergency 1 Corps Decided On. DESCENDANT OF The First Philadeljphia Signal Corps and the Medical Emergency Corps were out yes¬ WASHINGTON IGNORED. terday at Eightieth Street and Buist avenue practicing the signal^ and arranging for the positions they will odaupy during the Wash¬ He Is Refused a Seat on the Review¬ ington monument unveiling. The men were ing: Stand for Next Satur¬ under the command of Captain F. A. Buchy. day’s Ceremonies. The corps had five; signal stations, which covered a distance of five miles. The opera¬ The Committee in charge of any great tions W'ere very successful. The arrange¬ public event that can succeed in satisfying ments made for the'placing of the signal everybody has not yet been created. It is corps by the head of ithe corps was one at a thing for Utopia. There is one man in Broad and Spruce streets, two at City Hall, this city, however, that appears to have a one at Broad and Sprl&g Garden streets, one just grievance against the Society of the at Twentieth and Spring Garden, one at the Cincinnati in connection with next Satur¬ Reservoir and Spring Garden street, one at Lemon Hill, one at ihe German Hospital, day’s ceremonies at the unveiling of the one at St. Joseph’s /Hospital and one at Washington Monument in Fairmount Park. Broad street and Girapd avenue. The man with a grievance is George Step- toe Washington, a descendant of the, first ^ TV President of the United States In double line, his great-grandfather on his father's side having been George Steptoe Washing¬ ton, the immortal George's favorite nephew, son of his brother, Samuel- Washington, while his mother was descended from an¬ other brother. Augustin Washington. George Steptoe Washington, the com¬ plainant against the Society of the Cincin¬ nati, is a trusted employe of the firm of Thomas Roberts & Co., wholesale commis¬ sion merchants and importers, at No. 116 South Front street. He was seen there this afternoon, and told his story. On Fri¬ day week, April 30. after having looked in vain in the paper for the announcement of any descendants of Washington as par¬ ticipators in the festivities of Saturday next, he concluded to write to the Society of the Cincinnati, stating who he was, and t 1 ' 1 ■ ’ " - i asking for seats on the reviewing stand for himself, his wife, and his four chil¬ dren. The request remained apparently un¬ heeded until this morning, when he received the following communication:— ieut ‘tfiipp “George Steptoe Washington, Esq., Care Thomas Roberts & Co.. No. 118 South Fourth Street, Philadelphia.—Dear Sir: I am requested to Inform you that the mem¬ ‘T'epz? (Bool bers of the Executive Committee regret i that the demands made upon them for tickets are so great that it will be im¬ HE WALKED OUT OF LIBBY PRISON possible to comply with your request for cards of Invitation to the stand of the WITHOUT A QUIVER. Society. Very respectfully. “GEORGE ,T. BRENNAN." To say that he was chagrlnned is to put it mildly. But his expressions of dissatisfac¬ tion -were not half as bitter as those of his HE SALUTED THE GUARD friends. When asked what he intended to do about it. he replied that he didn't see that there is anything he can do, except Passed Himself Off as a Rebel in Butter¬ to pocket the affront. He is already a nuts Who Was Anxious to Get a Look at member of the Society of the Sons of the Revolution, to which organization he had the Yankees—A Pennsylvania Dutchman’s | the right of entree by no less than five an¬ Clever Escape and Self-Possession in Mak¬ cestors of Revolutionary fame, including besides the Washingtons, Richard Lee. ing It- _ His wife, too, is of patriotic descent from j two signers of the Declaration of Independ¬ Lieutenant Kupp, of the Eighty-eighth j ence, one of whom was George Ross. Mr. Washington is a Southerner by birth. Pennsylvania Volunteers,was captured, with \ He first saw the light of Harewood. W. Va., many of his regiment, at Gettysburg. He a place historic because Dolly Madison was was known as a Pennsylvania Dutchman, married there. There resides his father, and he came from Berks county, In that Richard Biackburne Washington, to-day, in State, where German colonists settled nearly I the old familv house, built 150 years ago two centuries ago and .where their descend¬ by Lawrence Washington. The name Black- (burne is also of historical significance, be- ants cling to the old customs and! the mother (ing that of a Colonel on Washington's staff, tongue even unto this day. who was the great-grandfather of the man As it was summer at the time of Gettys- j protesting to-day. burg, the men captured in that battle were Mr. Washington came to this city in 1877. in light attire, and the long march down to | He has carried out the family name in one Richmond and the wear and tear on their of his two sons, whom he called Richard , thin blouses reduced them to rags, and this 1 Blackburn. His brother, who lives in Cam¬ den, N. J., bears the same name, and has j Pennsylvania lieutenant seemed to be the transmitted it to one of his two sons, the most ragged of all. other being George Lafayette Washington. Kupp was considerably over six feet in There are four other descendants of Wash- height, lank, long limbed and inclined to be , ington living in West Philadelphia, the four round shouldered. He was about 24 years daughters of an uncle. George Lafayette Washington. old, and the gray eyes, long, dark hair, and In appearance the profile of Mr. Wash¬ fuzz-covered face gave him the appearance ington is not unlike that of his i'lustrious of a North Carolina mountaineer. His com¬ ancestor, the immortal George. He speaks rades Jokingly called him “the tar heel," but with Just the slightest trace of the South- he took it good naturedly. The resemblance 1 ern accent, which his long residence in this was much in his favor when he made up his city has failed to entirely obliterate. He mind to leave Libby, and, to use his own lan¬ considers that he has a Just grievance against the Cincinnati. He is emphatic in guage. “make a bee line for God’s land,” his belief that New York would have ac¬ as the prisoners called the North. corded him better treatment, and says that The two subjects that engrossed the minds It is a well-known fact that every known of the men were exchange and escape. Nearly relative of General Grant was hunted up at every day the report spread that the ex¬ the time of the recent Grant ceremonies, change cartel had been resumed, and that and their expenses paid in many instances to ensure their presence. the men were to be sent North under a flag ecretary Brennan, who in his official ca¬ of truce within twenty-four hours. On such pacity announced to Mr. Washington that occasions groups of excited men would rush he could not have any tickets for the re- through the six divisions of the dark, dreary viewing stand, was seen with reference to old warehouse, shouting frantically: the latter s grievance. He said that there “Pack up! Pack up! All exchanged! Hur¬ were so rnany persons claiming* descent rah for God’s land!” from Washington and from Revolutionary heroes clamoring for seats that the line had Constant disappointment failed to lessen to be drawn somewhere. To have acceded these rumors, nor did it weaken the hopes to half the requests would have necessi- inkstand buildlIl®: of an additional review- of the men who heard them. 'Perhaps Kupp -—------Was an exception, for he never got excited, reported missing, the guards filed down to was never stirred from his stolid bearing by the west ground floor room, where “Black the cry of “Pack up!” “I have nothing to George,” the sergeant, and the prison.clerk. pack,” he would say with a grirh smile, and “Little Ross,” reported to Major Turner, without raising his eyes from the bit of yel¬ commandant of the prison. low bone he was trying to carve into a cruci¬ One morning, it was early in January, '64, fix with a broken jackknife. and about ten days after he had received the Plans for escape were daring and innumer¬ clothing from home, it was noticed that able. Nearly all were impractical, yet, un¬ Kupp, who was usually among the first known to their comrades, twenty-five men, counted out, hung to the rear, and on this pledged to secrecy, were at this time digging occasion was' the very last. in the darkness the great tunnel through When Kupp came into the upper Chicka¬ which subsequently 110 men escaped. mauga room, the guard was forming to go. “When I get good and ready I’m going to Seizing the hand of Captain Maas, of his light out.” own regiment, who stood near-by, the lieu¬ This Kupp would say to the men unfolding tenant whispered: their schemes'about him, but as he refused “Good-bye, Ed; I’m going to make a break to tell how he proposed getting away he was for God’s land.” laughed at and left to his bone carving. Just before Christmas the Confederate As this was the first intimation Captain authorities, who had refused to receive sup¬ Maas had had of his friend’s purpose, he was plies for the prisoners from the United too much astounded to make a reply. The States Government, permitted friends in the next instant Kupp had caught step and ; North to send down a little food and cloth¬ fallen in behind the guard. ing under a flag of truce. Uniforms were con¬ He kept safely to the rpar until the ser- !! traband, so that all the ci.othes that came geant of the guard had reported to the officer j through were of the citizen style and mate¬ in charge. When the guard had passed the I rial. sentinel at the door Kupp walked over and i saluted Turner, who by this time was seated j Lieutenant Kupp received a huge box, at his desk-inside of a railing. Hearing the full of hams, sausages, preserves, cheese and shuffling of feet on the floor. Turner looked ! other good things from the old farm, but up and demanded: neither the memory of past hunger nor fear “Who the devil are you?” of the future prevented hijs inviting the men “I’m from North Caliny,” responded Kupp. I who had no boxes to help themselves. Of all “How did you get in here?” the things in the big box the one that most : “Follered the gad, an’ I've been a waitin’ : delighted Kupp's soul was a suit of butter¬ to talk wid yq'. Ain't yo’ Mistah Turn ah ?” I nut clothes, evidently of home manufacture, “That’s my name. Now, what do you 1 even to the cloth. want?” asked Turner, as he arose angrily ; The lieutenant soon “shucked” his blue from the desk. rags and donned the new suit. Thus attired “I’ve been in hospital, jest got out yes'day, he strode up and down the “upper Potomac an' thought foah I left fo’ the front I’d like : room,” a hunk of bread in one hand and a to see the Yankee prizners.” said Kupp. chunk of ham in the other, while his laugh¬ “Go to the front, confound you, and you'll ’ ing companions demanded to know when he see more Yankees than you'll like!” shouted ] left “North Caliny.” Turner. “Hit don’t mattah we’en I left,” responded “Then thar ain’t no show fo’ me to see any < Kupp, with an inimitable mountaineer of them Yanks I helped gobble at Gettysburg : drawl, “the thing that’s a botherin’ me now or Chickamauga?” ' ;li is we’en an’ how Ize gwine ter git back.” “No; get out!" and Turner pointed to the i As old soldiers will remember, the uni¬ door, where an armed guard stood listening 1 forms of the Confederates were anything but and laughing. uniforms at about this time. The citizen “Waal, I didn't know you uns was so clothing put aside at the beginning of the cussed particular,” drawled Kupp, as, obey¬ war was sent to the front from home, ing the direction indicated by Turner's ex- J though a gray hat, gray trousers, or a gray tended hand, he made for the door. coat had been retained whenever possible. Kupp saluted the guard, who exchanged Hundreds of Confederates in “butternuts” winks with him as he passed out to freedom. passed the prison along Carey street every 1 day, and many of the guards about Libby, Once beyond the guard a man of ordinary j , and those who came in every morning to nerve would have started off with all speed, j count the prisoners, were dressed in the nor halted until Libby was far behind and same material. even the steeples of Richmond out of sight; J This prison roll call at this time was more but Kupp was not an ordinary man. Stand¬ expeditious than efficient. Every morning, ing before the entrance to the prison, the I in the gray, cold dawn of that bitterly cold lieutenant shouted in to Turner: winter, the Yankees were routed from the “Say, mistah, hev ye any objections to a i ' floors on which they lay and driven into the feller's standin’ acrost the street an’ kinder ! upper Potomac, or upper east room—the latter peekin' up at the buildin’?” was the name given it by the Confederates. Of course. Turner made no response, but I ! Through an opening in the wall the men the guard continued down his post and j were counted into the upper Chickamauga, , laughed, as if he thought the tall man in i or upper middle room, where they were free j butternuts a very funny fellow. to do as they pleased, within the prescribed Meantime the news of Kupp's escape had limits. The men at the head of the line, and spread among his late associates. The ex- i they were usually the ones who had some¬ citement was all the greater from the fact j thing to cook, made a swift rush to the lower that it had to be suppressed. Instead of middle room, where there were four old- glass there were iron bars in the front win- I fashioned rusty kitchen stoves. dows. Prisoners were not permitted to come I When the count was over and no Yankee within two feet of these bars. Of course, all knew the order, and that Captain Forsyth, "" "t. of the One Hundredth Ohio, had been killed i a few days before for unintentionally vio- | pany of the SeVehth Battalion, Philadel¬ [ lating it] yet the men forgot alHabout this] phia County Militia, 1777. William Rose in their anxiety to see Kupp leave. also bore arms in the war of INI2. There > are a number of other Revolutionary The lieutenant had evidently made up his _ heroes buried on the grounds, but there mind to gratify his comrades behind the bars. Across 'C'arey street from the prison is no record as to who they are and the lettering on the small grave stones there was a vacant lot. Kupp walked to the edge of the lot, sat down on a log, and, tak- j that marked the place is illegible on ac¬ J ing out his broken jackknife, began to whit¬ count of age. tle and to signal the men in his old room to The only daughters of William Rose, who are now alive, are Mrs. Sloan and come out and join him. The situation was intensely humorous, but Mrs. Garrett, who live at Forty-first and at the same time intensely painful to the Market streets, close to the old family men watching Kupp from the prison, but not buryisg plot. daring to raise their voices in warning. At length, to the great relief of all, the lieutenant rose, stretched himself, and yawned. Raising his slouched hat, he shouted: “Good-bye, Yanks; hope ter see yo agin.” Then, with a long, slouching stride, he passed out of sight to the east. The next flag of truce boat brought through a letter from Kupp. Five days after leaving Libby he fell in with {Sutler's troopers from Fortress Monroe, and at the time of writing was about to take passage for God's land. ___ AN OLD GRAVEYARD THE 10-tTH REUNION. Revolutionary Heroes Rest Bristol last Thursday was thronged with Within the Inclosure. visitors, brought here to see the demonstra- tion iu honor of the Survivors of the 104th Pennsylvania Volunteers and of Durell s* Daughters of the Revolution May Battery. The day was bright and every¬ Preserve and Care for the thing conspired to make the occasion one of Historic Place. enjoyment to all. In the morning the business meetings of The la^t of the old burying grounds the Survivors of the 104th, and of the across the river, which were used in Survivors of Durell’s Battery were held, the Revolutionary times, is now threatened former at Pythian Hall and the latter at the with extinction The burying ground is located close to Forty-first and Ludlow G. A. 11. Post room. streets, and was a gift after the Revolu¬ The meeting of the 104th was called to hi tionary war to Peter Rose and his de scendants. For the last few years the order by A. Mark icy Rapp, and Rev. J. R. | place has been much out of repair. Westwood was asked to lead in prayer. The space that now remains as A grave I The by-laws of the Women’s Auxiliary, * j yard is only part of what was an exten¬ sive tract deeded to Peter Rose and his a new feature of the association, were read heirs forever, for the purposes only of a 1 and adopted. burying ground. Part of the ground on which there were but one or two graves ! The officers chosen for the ensuing year was sold a few years ago. and some of were: President, A. L. Eastburn, of Phila- the fine mansions that front on For¬ tieth and Chestnut streets, new occupy ! delphia ; Vice President, William A. Barn- the site. Almost touching the rear of the I hill, of Bristol; Secretary, E. S. McIntosh, ground stands the handsome church of Philadelphia ; Treasurer, Samuel C. I building of the New Tabernacle Baptist ! Church, which was only opened early in Wright, of Philadelphia. the year. On the southern boundary are Resolutions were adopted thanking the I some of the best locations and houses on Chestnut street. Village Improvement Association of Doyles- The Daughters of the Revolution have town for their good care of the monument at recently taken hold of the matter and are making an effort to have the ground that place. placed in repair. The following resolution, presented by Peter Rose, to whom the ground was Thomas P. Chambers, of Newtown, was deeded after the war, emigrated to Ohio, where he died, and he was not buried in ' adopted:— . . the plot. He bequeathed the tract to his j Resolved, That this Association call descendants, to be used only as a bury- i upon the Hon. Irving P. Wanger, Congress¬ ing ground. William Rose, a son of Pe- I. man from the Seventh Congressional District ter Rose, was a Revolutionary soldier. ’ | of Pennsylvania, and others in authority, to j He is buried in the inclosure. Peter Rose j adhere s rictly to the policy of granting j was a first lieutenant and William Rose a second lieutenant in the Eighth com¬ ' 4 political preferment ic oar comrades and ---___ v.__i__ that they use all means in their power for The Ladies of H Clay Beatty Circle, No/I the appointment of our comrade of Durell’s j 2, G. A. R., who prepared the dinner deserve : ' Battery, Charles A. Cuffel, for the Doj les- , great credit for its excellence. Those whose $ town postmastership. endeavors contributed to its success were: I In reading the death roll fifteen had gone Mrs. Hattie Vandegrift, Mrs. Helen Mackey, home since the last meeting at Doylestown, jsj a year ago. Sara Girton, Prescilla Ackers, Bella Metz- I William R. Elliott, Lieutenant Edwin cher, Margaret AVright, Julia Lyndall, Susan Fretss and H. A. Widdifield were appointed Cole, Sara Peirson, Amanda Leatherbury, j a Committee on Pensions. Sara Wright, Bertha Vanartsdalen, Elizabeth *' Quakertown was chosen as the next meet- if Burton, Mary A-. McCoy, Mrs. William ing place of the Survivors’ Association of k Barnhill, Julia Pope, Mrs. Charles Heeding,’’”’? the 104th Regiment, on the third Thursday • Jane Townsend, Annie Appleton, Elizabeth in September. | Stewart, Mrs. Thomas, Mrs. Mary Graham, At the meeting of the Durell’s Battery Nellie Mackey and Mrs. Emily Holt. Association the officers elected for the ensu¬ After dinner the line of parade was formed | ing year were: President', John Levis, of at Pythian hall, and after traversing the j North Wales; Vice President, Charles A. principal streets of Bristol, wound up at \ Cuffel, of Doylestown, and Secretary and the rink, where a monster camp fire was Treasurer, H. D. Boone, of Reading. held the rest of the afternoon. The line was The historical committee reported pro- composed as follows: gress, and. there was a general desire of the Marshal, Walter F. Leedom, assisted by comrades expressed for, a printed history of George C. Hughes, William Fine and Stan¬ ford K. Runyan. the battery. A motion was carried to leave the next Chief of Police Charles Saxton and the place of meeting to the board of managers, Bristol police force headed the procession, and that the board be appointed by the and following them the Liberty Cornet Band. . president. Subsequent action determined , Major A. Weir Gilkeson, Major McCoi- upon Reading as the place. lough, Chaplain E. A. Rook., and Surgeon The matter of giving preference to soldiers McKage, of the 3rd Regiment of the Uni- £ in appointments to goverment positions was . formed Rank Knights of Pythias, mounted taken up and the following resolutions were on horses, headed Hermione Company No adopted : . 10, U. R. K. of P., under command of Capt. Resolved, That Durell’s Battery Asso- ^ Wm. V. Leech, Lieutenants, L. C. Wettling eiation urge upon the Hon. Irving P. and Charles Wilson. Wanger, member of Congress from the Vllth Captain John P. Kessler was next in ’ Pennsylvania District, a strict adherence to line in command of Fidelity Guards of the policy of granting official appointments the Jr. O.U. A. M. to our comrades. That we call upon him to use his influence C. F. Lippincott, color bearer, and J. jj for the appointment of our comrade, Lieut. Wesley Wright preceded the Guards of H. I Charles A. Cuffel, to the Doylestown post- Clay Beatty Post, No. 73, G. A. R., under -! mastership. That we regard with displeasure the pro¬ command of Captaim Joseph Johnson and position to give preference to a man that following them were the members of the w»s drafted and sent a substitute, and ignore post, with post commander T. B. Harkins in the claims of a comrade who served through command. A carriage came next containing the struggle to the finish. That the Secretary be instructed to for¬ Col. W. W. H. Davis, Hon. Harman Yerkes, ward a copy of these resolutions to Mr. Hon. B, F. Gilkeson and Rev. Charles H. Wanger and the President of the United | Borer, who spoke at the rink. Following States. the carriage was the Survivors Association of ' After the business meetings of the two ’ the 104th Regiment under command of . associations the members adjourned to the Lieutenant Hibbs from Minnesota, and fol¬ banqueting room of Pythian Hall where a lowing it was Durell’s Battery, | substantial repast had been prepared fo”T The visiting posts bringing up the rear of I them and their wives, the members of the' the escort of the Survivors Assoaiation were ,j G A. R. Post® of the county, and other General Robert L. Bodine Post, No. 306, from invited guests. There were about 500 : Doylestown; Hugh A. Martindell Post, No. persons seated at the tables. Many of the jj 366, of Langhorne; T. H. Wynkoop Post, handsome menus, with specially engraved "' No. 472, of Newtown, and members from title page, were taken away by the comrades other visiting posts who marched with H. and the ladies as souvenirs_of the occasion. ■ — —-—— . . ...-.'i ! Clay Beatty Post of Bristol. A large buss The town, especially along the line of drawn by four horses carried those soldiers parade, was handsomely decorated with who were unable to walk._ . bunting, flags and patriotic emblems. On BristoFFire Co. No. lTsecured the VVis- Mill street the remnant of the Lafayette * sinoming Band for the parade and it preceded arch, depending beneath an arch that span¬ ' the Chief of the Bristol Fire Department, ned the street was one of the notable displays Samuel H. Ahlee and the assistant John along the route. Appleton, after whom came the President of The parade terminated at the Rink, which No. 1, Company, J. N. Webb, and the fore¬ was> handsomely decorated with bunting, man, William Clark, and assistant foreman, flags and shields. It is estimated that there William Doan, in charge of the company’s . were fully 2000 people present, while 2000 line. Following them was the Pioneer more were unable to gain admittance. The | Corps of twelve men, each over six feet high, Chairman of the Committee of Arrange¬ carrying axes. Then came the men on the ments, J. Wesley Wright, introduced John ' rope pulling the crab hose carriage which K. Wildman as the presiding officer of the was decorated with three boiled crabs hang- meeting who in turn introduced the Hon. B. I ing on the rear. Four large grey horses F. Gilkesou to the audience. In his address | brought up the rear pulling the Silsby he welcomed the visitors to Bristol very engine which was decorated with golden rod. cordially. The next speaker was Rev. J. R. The men were dressed in regulation fire hat Westwood, D. D., pastor of the Seventh and belt and red shirts and duck trousers, Street Methodist Church of Philadelphia, which made a good display. who responded to Mr. Gilkeson’s speech, in America Hose, Hook and Ladder Company behalf of the association. No. 2, was led by the President, B. C. Rev. Charles H. Rorer, of the Methodist ^ Foster and 12 men carrying silver fire horns, Church, Bristol, made a very appropriate six abreast, and preceded by Phillip’s Band j address. He was followed by George W. from Burlington. The main body of the Eagle, of Germintown, a member of the 104th. company of about 50 uniformed men in black Hon. Harman Yerkes made an able address, hats, red shirts and black trousers then and thoroughly set at rest any question as came led by their foreman, Harry Pedrick to his position during the war or since. He and assistant, Robert Hunter, pulling the [Continued on fourth page.] large hook and ladder truck built by Wilson - - “nsi i-age. ) Randall 23 years ago, on top of which was a kave aS reason of not having been a men,? small model of truck. Following the truck , of the 104th the lack of a few years in was the hose carriage drawn by two iron coll 'f? °bjeCti°n have been over grey horses. off! I,'*' ,lf,n0t bee“ for a Physical disability Goodwill, No. 3, the youngest of the fire of the heel detected in him by the recruiting companies, 3 years old last July, brought up the rear of the parade. The foreman, Wil¬ regiment.6n ^ ad^ission the liam McCoy, and Samuel Milnor and J. M. Coring his I remarks, he said there had Randall, and the band composed of the 36 icn no time, from the firing upon Sumter I boys from the Drexel School at Eddington, the present moment when, by word, act preceded the men on the ropes pulling their T Ugbt’ he had been ^ything Other I hose carriage. The costume worn was blue than loyal to the Union and the 1 preservation fire caps, white shirts, black trousers and of the flag. white gloves. When the parade was over Hie exercises closed with a short address Goodwill company, companies 1 and 2 and by the Colonel of the regiment, W. W. II. the three bauds, Phillip’s, Wissinoming and Davis. Drexel, upon the invitation of Goodwill Com¬ 104th members present. pany, went to Mohican Hall where they Staff ano band.—Col. W. W. II. Davis, partook of a bountiful lunch of cheese, sand¬ Joseph Lewis, Dr. W. T. Robinson. Company A.—Edwin Fretz, Edwin Leister, wiches and coffee. Joseph M. Wiatt, Jere A Algard, James S At several points along the line of march Rice, Robert E. Ben on, George W. Gordon, hundreds of the public school girls dressed Isaac b. Fry land, James Garis, Christian Schhtt, Willis Wall, S. A. Campbell, Isaac in white sang patriotic songs. The children Holcomb, James T. Hart, Fred. Bartleman, of St. Mark’s Porochial School were also Frank Bartleman, Pierson A. Horn, G. S. massed on the pavement at the School build¬ Conner, II. G. Shaddi nger, Jesse Hellyer, ing on Radcliffe street and sang patriotic Edwmd S. McIntosh. i _Company B—H a Widdifield, William songs as the parade passed. Connard, William ment block. ItfwSs p Voi thington, Jojin Ault. [There were nine oldest building’ ita* to' members present of Company 13, but the list used for a tenement b nad not been returned, to the secretary at The building was one of the taverns of Revolutionary days and was about 150 the close of the meeting and other names years old. It stood, when built, on the were not obtainable.] southeast comer of the present Court Company C.—John D. Irwin, J. C. Robin¬ square, just ac-ross from where the Chi¬ son, William R. Elliott, A. C, Shuster, Albert copee Bank now is. It was a large struct¬ VaiiHorn, Jonathan Clayton, W. Harrison ure for those days, three stories in front Hibbs, Ramsey C. Wetter, John McCloskey, with a short roof sloping forward from Charles V. Craven, R. Wilson Perry, W O the ridge pole and a long meandering roof sloping to the rear and cutting the house Robins, Edward Bright, Charles T. Miche- off at the second story, just before the T- £‘'«H 4 REVOLUTIONARY TAVERN tt Was 150 Tears Old and Sheltered Washington, Adams and M >nroe. The old building on Court street known B8 the Parsons tavern, which is cele¬ brated as the hostelry where George Mingt<>“£to!Ped at least once in pass¬ ing thiough Springfield, is now being torn down to make room for a modern tene¬ The services were In charge of (he Rev. Dr. C. Ellis Stevens, rector of Christ Church and Chaplain of the society. He was assisted by ; the Rev. Dr. Charles A. Maison, D»an of the j West Philadelphia Convocation, who read the first lesson, and by the Rev. Dr. Sidney Corbett, who read the second lessou. Tho Rev. Francis S. Stelnmetz, assistant rector of the parish, was also present. The annual address, which was delivered by Bishop Whitaker, was a complete narrative of the capture of Fort Duquesne. Bishop Whitaker’s Address. The Bishop outlined briefly the relations between the French and English in the Colo- •' niesin the year 1753, when the French held Canada, the Great Lakes, St. Louis and forts scattered along the Mississippi. The English held all south of the St. Lawrence and east of the Alleghenies. Both nations claimed the Mississippi Valley. In 1753 the French en¬ croached upon the territory ofthe English lu FOURTH ANNUAL SERVICE IN OLD CHRIST the Allegheny River Valley, and the Gover¬ nor of Virginia sent Washington, then 21 EPISCOPAL CHURCH, years old, to protest against this encroach¬ ment upon British ground; but Washington received no assurance from the French com¬ Historical Address by Bishop Whitaker mander that operations would be discontin¬ Commemorative of the 139th Anniver¬ ued. On retracing his steps he observed an sary of the Capture of Fort Duquesne, extremely favorable position for a fort at the confluence of the Allegheny and Mononga¬ hela rivers, where Pittsburg now stands, and The fourth annual service of the Society of reported that this was the key to the threat¬ Colonial Wars was held In old Christ Church, ened territory. Second street, above Market, yesterday af¬ A Virginia company shortly after began ternoon. The service commemorated the the erection of a fort there, and Washington 139th anniversary of the capture of Fort Du- was sent with 300 soldiers to guard it. He quesne, November 24, 1758, by the British was informed that a force of French and In¬ and Colonial forces under General Forbes, dians had driven out the men who had be¬ and was especially significant from the fact gun operations there and were carrying on that the remains of General Forbes rest be¬ the erection of a fort. Washington also dis¬ neath the chancel of Christ Church. covered a small force of thirty men in am¬ After the tedious journey through the bush, whom he defeated. Pursued by an wilderness of Southern Pennsylvania, the overwhelming force, he retreated and, sixty second expedition reached the confluence of miles distant, established Fort Necessity. the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers, There he was surrounded and after nine where Fort Duquesne stood, only to And the hours’ gallant defence capitulated. This was place deserted. There the British flag was in 1754. planted and the fort named Pittsburg, after Then followed Braddock’s attemnt and i William Pitt, and from the scene of vic¬ (he defeat of his superb army of 12, COO men. tory General Forbes was carried home to die. Braddock was undoubtedly a brave Gene¬ His body was placed in the crypt March 15, ral, but unwilling to take advice. When 1759. Washington urged him to adopt the methods The officers and council of the Society of followed by the colonists in fighting Indians Colonial Wars and the members occupied he refused. Within twenty-five miles of seats on the south aisle of the church. They Duquesne he selected 2500 of hjs best men, met in the Sunday school room over the himself leading, as an advance guard. Ac¬ cloister and entered the church In a body, companied by Washington as his aide-de- preceded by color-bearers carrying the na¬ camp. he continued the march, and eight tional and the society’s flags which were miles from the fort was attacked by a large placed facing the pulpit. The members of force of French and Indians. Defeat was the Society of Colonial Dames were present the result. Braddock fell, mortally wounded. by special Invitation. Following the unsuccessful attempt of Of the Society of Colonial Wars, the mem¬ Braddock to capture Fort Duquesne a bers taking part In the memorial exercises period of three years passed before a move¬ were William Wavne, Governor of the sovi¬ ment was undertaken for the raising of a et y; Dr. Edward Shippera, U. S. N., Deputy j second army for deliverance from French Governor; Andrew Cheves Dulles, .Lieuten¬ rule. In 1758 a second attempt assumed pro¬ ant Governor: James Large, John Thomp¬ portions under General Forbes, who was first son Spencer, Dr. Frederick Prime, Dr. Rich¬ an English physician, and thdn entered the ard A. Cleemann. Edward S. Sayres, William army. By June of 1758 a body of 7000 men, Macgherson Humor, Major Richard S. Col- comprised in part of 1900 Virginians under lum, IT. S. M. C., T. Chester Walbridge, Dr. General Washington and 2200 Pennsylva¬ John H. Rrinton. John T. Lewis, George C. nians, mostly Germans, with many compa- Mason, Jr., Judge Penny packer, William j nies of Highlanders, was organized, and pro¬ Mifflin, Richard M. Cadwalader, Edward ceeded on Us way to the second conquest. I Shippen. s, Davts Page, James L. Lardner, General Forbes, the commander, was so ill George Willing, Dr. Edward Jennings L°e, that he was carried on a stretcher the entire Charles Hare Hutchinson, Dr. Henry Mor¬ ! extent of the journey. Forts were con¬ ris, William Lyttleton Savage, Robert structed at Bedford and at Loyalhanna, the Adams, Franklin Platt, Dr. Charles E. Cad¬ latter within twenty miles of Fort Duquesne. walader,Rodman Wister, Bromley Wharton, Unlike General Braddock, General Forbes Alexander Wister and Dr. T. Hewson Brad¬ took advice from subordinates, and. seeing ford, Registrar of the society. J the Importance of conciliating the Indians, Plans—Chain-Shot, Tomahawk,Flint-Lock Are Pound,Necessitating Changesinthe In TearingOuttheBuilding Unknown ALL PLANSPROVETO BEWRONG Windows andArches,Long WalledUp, THE RESTORATIONOFINDEPENDENCE WORKMEN BRING British standardswereplanteduponthe succeeded indetachinglitanytribesfromthe.. stockade November24,1758,andthefortwas Fort, Duquesnetheyfounditdeserted.The liam Pitt.'ItisTilt’smostenduringmonu¬ rechristened Pittsburg,inhonorofWil¬ amidst therainandsleetstormsofNovem¬ said thatGeneralForbesreturned,orrather shelter intheoldslaterooftavernwhich began hislongJourney,toPhiladelphia ment. stood onSecondstreet,nearMarket.There Christ Church,wheretheyreposeto-day.It, were Interredintheehancelcryptofold ber, reachingthiscityinFebruaryandfinal French. Whenthissecondarmyreached peace andmadesuretheoccupationof that openedtheWest,broughtapermanent was thissecondengagementunderForbes he died,andonMarch15,1759,hisremains JSEPsS and inordertoprovidethemeansforfitting Canada bytheEnglisharmies.Mauyorhls stopped ontheerectionofspire,which troops werefromoldChristChurchparish, chase ofammunitionandclothing. the moneymightbeemployedinpur¬ was inprogressatthattime,Inorder them outforthecampaign,workwas , Griscorn,GeorgeBrooke,Jr.,DavidLewis| a veryhighorderandwasrenderedby eighteen boys’voices,underthedirectionof special choirofeighteenmixedvoicesand Joseph SpencerBrock,theohoirmasterof Vnd FrederickWistarMorris,___| glnson, ofBoston,andmusicbyC.Crozat Nation’s Voice—thewordsbyColonelHig- national anthem—SoundForthAgainthe Christ ChurchandChapel.Anew time, andtheProcessionalMarch,Gou¬ Converse, LL.D.,wassungforthefirst ! TheCommitteeonChurchServicecom¬ P. Warren,andStainer’ssettingofthe grich; theBenedic,AnimaMeainG,byS. the CantataDominoin-Eflat,byMaxVo- and martial.Thechoralservicesincluded nod’s MarchRomaine,wasverystirring organ therewasaquartetteofbrassinstru¬ Nicene Creed.Inadditiontothegreat and bluebunting,theredwhite, prised CharlesChauncey,Chairman;George ments andtympani. the societycolors. beautiful intheirdecorationsofred,white William ChurchillHouston,RodmanE. The usherswereDr.T.HewsonBradford, Cuthbert GillespieandEdwardH.Johnson. Edwin SwiftBatch,JohnH.Brinton,Jr., In closingtheaddressBishopWhitaker The musicalpartoftheexerciseswasa The galleries,chancelandpulpitlooked HALL LEADSTODISCOVERIES. RELICS TOLIGHTI The MusicalProgramme. ——_—_ • i supposed, therebyprovingthat thepaneland| tury. Theywouldhavebeenlongerhidden and DocumentsAmongtheCuriousThings bricks andmortaradjoiningtheeastwall. but fortheworknowInprogress,which, ing upsecretswellhiddenforalmostacen¬ Dlsovered SoFar.• of thefire-placeand.thecuriousheatflue fire-places andthearcadesaretoberestored. some youths,andthusfancyischained. Charles S.Keyser,thehistorian,however,is arcades weretornout.Manyofamind also muchmildewed,boretbedateof1802. sixteen inchesindimensions. the easternwallofIndependenceChamber. last Tuesday—thefindingofrustedwarrel¬ Now theinteriorisamassofdebris. when completed,willhaverestoredthehls-| in thejudicial room, too. the oldfire-place. part ofitnow,ordiduntilyesterday, cover fire-place isreallymuchlarger thanatfirst the hammerslaidbaresoot-coveredback mensions astheoneJustaboveonsecond however, thatthefire-placehadsamedi¬ side ofwhatwassupposeduntilyesterday men begantearingawayontheInteriorof authority forthestatementthatrelics to weavearoundthemabitoftheromantic. had beenputupin1812,whentheoriginal as tohowtherelicscameinwall,which officials atthattimecouldJustbedeciphered which werebarelydiscernible,andranging There therelicswerecloselyexamined. to viewandcarefullyremovedtheoffice. ral mildewedpapersandacoinwerebrought grasped somethinghard,andbroughtittoi ment theyfell,exposingasquareopening bricks clingingtothewall.Thenextmo¬ when ablowofbishammerloosenedseveral He wasworkingalmostonalevelwiththe ics andmildewedparchmentsInaholein toi'ic oldbuildingtoitsoriginalcondition. found inthe mortar arustedtomahawk, woodwork isnotoriginal,as supposed,for floor. ButsuchIsnotthecase,forwhen the wall’scentre.Ithadbeensupposed, the samewall,atplacewheretwo made yesterdayafternoon,whenthework¬ came therethroughtheboyishpranksof from 1778to1787.Thenamesofthecity that theyw'erecityrecords,thedatesof round cannon-ball,acuriousflint-lock,seve¬ much usedinshipcannonforthepurposeof chain-shot, quitelikethepatternformerly second floor—justafewinchesbelowit— was busilyengagedinknockingloosethe adjoining itwasmadeapparentthatthe to betheoriginalpanelandwoodworkin through thethickdampofage.Thecoin, ance ofthediscovery.Oneafteranother superiors, whoatoncerealizedtheimport¬ tearing awaytheratlings.Hecalledhis the light.Itprovedtobeamuchrusted! an ancientapparentlyloadedcanister,a The wallsofIndependenceHallajegiv¬ Chief amongthediscoverieswasonemade First, whenthe floorwastornupthere Afire-place wasknowntoexistonthesouth Immediately therewasmuchspeculation, It cameaboutinthisway:Aworkman Interesting littlefactshave been noticedI Almost asinterestingwasthediscovery In openingthepamphletsitwasfound Curious, heranhishandIntotheopening, Old WindowsandArchesFound. A FineOldFireplaceFound. _yr- .'--rrS Fancy’s RomanceFalls. which has been added'to the other relies. # Here.too,the walleaga.'n figured. High up on w Cd t0 abut the ,,,ain "alls of the the west wall.the tops being almost on a level IS ” Ja'lT' T“5 PUt U!)' Tlu,t "as in with the celling, were laid bare two window 1-, but the minds of the authorities were frames, securely embedded. They had beer' okl hnmteIy uT t0 rest by a Paragraph in an walled In in 1813. Thus another little changr old book written in 1830. The author of in the plans. And once more on the east wal the book says: “In pulling down the west- have been laid bare the outlines of three ofUlg i Grove’ the waster mason, told' large arches, leading into the hall, necessi¬ Sr/nSo curious discoveries maue under tating another slight change. the foundation m digging for the present cel¬ Such are the discoveries to date, and those lars. tdose by the western wall of the State having the work in charge declare that, not¬ House at a depth of four or five feet he came withstanding the little inconveniences caused to a keg of excellent flints; the keg was ut- thereby, all are interesting indeed. Nor will teily decayed, but the impression of the the authorities be astonished if more “finds” staves was distinct! in the loam ground are made. Aear to it he found at tbe same depth the entire equipment of a sergeant—a sword musket, cartouch-box, buckles and so forth ofGwlrn°t be,Tg1de«ayetl the impressions "relics HIDDEN IN ' I had been- Tlley aIso dug up close by the same as many as one dozen bombshells filled with powder. And two of THE STATE HOUSE these, as a freak of the mason's lads, are now actually walled into the cellar wall on - the south side, but for this explanation ” Ln vs Ihe_ author. “a day mav vet Z Sn FURTHER DISCOVERIES ANTICIPATED such a discovery might give circulation to another Guy Faux (Fawkes) and gunpowder IN COURSE OF RECONSTRUCTION. 1 plot story.” It will be noticed in this story that the common balls are walled up in the “new cel¬ A CLUE TO MORE BOMBS lar wall on the south side,” but the relics, which the workmen discovered, were up in One Old Historian Tells of a Canister . the second story on the cast side; therefore, those that are spoken of are still In the of Shot and Gunpowder Hidden in a cellar wall and maybe discovered at some Cellar Wall — May Explain Another future date when the workmen reach them. Be that as It may, the conclusion is obvious Guy Fawkes Mystery, He Says—How that the freaks of the mason’s lads were the Work is Progressing-. not entirely confined to the cellar. The book containing this account, it is in¬ teresting to note, was In the possession of The recent discovery in the course of the the supervising architect and a pencil line renovating and restoration of Independence marked the paragraph. While the discovery Hall now under way, of relics and records of the revolutionary weapons was a surprise of revolutionary days, hidden away in the to the workmen and everybody else connec¬ walls of the old building, is not the first of ted with the hall it was looked for by the the kind during the progress of the wotk architect. there. Nor will it be the last. Records are Something other than the hole containing in the hands of Supervising Architect Rog- ! the relics was discovered by tbe masons ers which tell of further articles similarly when the east wing was removed and the stored away, and a plan is being actively State House wall laid bare which was not ex¬ pursued to discover all of them. How far pected by the architects. This was the pres¬ these operations may go or what they may ence of a distinct line marking along the wall develop remains to be seen. the place where another building had stood. The most recent discoveries brought to There was the line of a peaked roof and the light consist of a number of articles which sooty mark of a chimney at the apex. The were secreted in the east wall of the State building whose outline is thus marked was House. They were accidentally discovered. evidently much smaller than the one which A workman in knocking loose the bricks and had just been torn down. Just what this mortar exposed a square opening about six structure could have been, all the records inches in dimension in the original wall of which the architect has searched in his ef¬ the State House about where the second forts to thoroughly familiarize himself with story flooring was. The opening was a per¬ the old Independence Hall, failed to disclose. fect square and disclosed an old-fashioned flint lock and an old canister loaded with Another unexpected discovery which has powder and last and most interesting a much been made during the progress of the work rusted chain shot of the kind used in revo¬ is in the east room, known as Independence lutionary times in sea fighting for the pur¬ ( hamber. The workmen began tearing away pose of tearing gaping holes in the wooden the interior of this room searching for two bull of the enemy, but also in land fighting fireplaces, one on each side of the pilasters and for the purpose' of breaking the arms 1 on the east wall, known to be there, but and legs of a score of men as it swept i covered up by the wainscoting. It was sup¬ through their ranks. The chain shot was of posed, however, that these fireplaces were of the same bore as the ball. All the iron relics the same dimensions as those just above on were covered with a crust of rust such as the second floor, but when the hammers laid forms through the corroding action of mois- bare the soot-covered backs and old-fashioned , ture. heat flue adjoining, it was found that the fireplaces were a foot wider than those on There was much speculation as to how the the second floor which had been used as a jirons came In the wall; it was evident that guide, proving that the pilasters and the |they had been put there when the building, 40 • • cob J. Seeds,! Mrs. Charles C. Harri¬ beautiful old panel woodwork in tlie centre; son and Mrs. Mary B. Chew, after much of the wall was not the original. Part of it debate, decided to stick to the architect's was found to extend over and cover the plans and let the centrepiece remain as it old fireplaces, proving it of later origin. was. Their action simply means that the What was there became an open question. grates will be shortened about a foot, con¬ A meeting of the advisory committee was forming in size to those on the second called to decide the question as to whether floor. the pilaster centrepiece should be U6ed and Under the flooring of the judicial chamber the open grates shortened enough to bring —the west room—was found in the mortar a them clear, or whether the centrepiece rusted steel tomahawk. It was a combin¬ should be removed and the grates kept their ation weapon and pipe, of the kind given the original length. Indians by the French. It has been added The architect was in favor of shortening to the other relies. How it got in the floor the grate on the ground that the old cen¬ no one knows. trepiece has always been associated with the High upon the west wall of this room, al- W INDEPENDENCE CHAMBER yL. east end of Independence chamber, and if mosnnra level with the ceiling, were found they removed it an old landmark would be two windows. When the brick and mortar gone. were removed the wooden window frames The committee, consisting of Justice James were found securely embedded. They had T. Mitchell, Judge Samuel W. Pennypacker been walled up since 1813 and were in a fair Hampton L. Cap-son, Charles S. Keyser, Ja state of preservation. Their existence has ! been noted by the authorities in charge as v had also been the three arches leading into hall on the east. Died at Bethlehem, Penna., It is interesting to note the eare with September 6, 1831. l " the building is to be restored. In the The name of “William Tones,” as read i specifications is a sentence which tends to | prove this statement. It reads: “When old I lottl y Ule pai3Sin& stranger, is f0r- gottui in a moment, and fails to sug- | hre places are uncovered use eare to in no way destroyed the old soot and plaster found cufturcd PerSOnalJty one of the strong, in them, and blacken any new brickwork to „ ‘"retl of courage, who was a ^dier of the Revolution, when a boy i correspond to the old work.” Even the old of 16, a sailor who fought in many naval brick must be used In the new work, in or¬ engagements. Secretary of Navy under der that Independence Hall, arcades and side resident Madison,a politician of the old ! uildings shall look exactly alike in color, 1 State*-' n fl'iU pi-esidcnt of the United finish and brickwork. Even the smallest de- States Bank, and one of the roast'"- thi’4Unh as. tbe okl gas Ianterns in front of to ™?ia V,W1 be carefuily restored in order ! “of thisAcn;-:ican phIlosophlcai s°-\ to make the work complete. j „.'Ihat the memory of such an illustrious ! wrthm tfiar th?, hldden articles still confined nithin the walls will be disclosetl no one can for lack*!!? Patn0tremains so obscured | service* / a« inscription to indicate his ton!- m Course' If may be that some impor- , -er\ lets to his country will naturallv : d L“W ay be unexpectedly made in 1HU?1- s urn rise among- neonle al-' th nt ™ VSPOt' 11 is eertain that some- ways ready to preserve the records of I brou-htT r hf‘ aIready foun<:1 will be the honored dead; yet, until very rec.ent- tionsSwll{ J. Sht; Jhe progress of the opera¬ ly, the exact burial place of the Hon. ! tions Will be watched with great interest. William Jones has been a matter of some I doubt, even to the minds of persevering i historians It is due to the Investigations of the Rt. Rev. J. Mortimer Levering i bishop of the Moravian Church that a record has been found which shows con- ! chrsively that the soldier and sailor of I the Revolution was buried in the historic ! L-i&L"* Mo~vl“ „,Rf7 D.t Au?ustus Schultz., president 1 of the Moravian Theological Seminary has recently completed a register of in- terments, with brief biographical sketches of all people received by Mother Eart.i in this burying ground. Ihe work done to complete such a list involved much searching of church records, and is estimated to be of much YAlue as_ an addition to local historv. Dr. Schultze s record of William Jones’ grave is as follows:— Ph?,3;riTinamH0nes’ 1761-1831; born in Ttoe C2lFSl¥ Philadelphia. No record of his life is given Tradition ascribes to him a pub- ofa Stotesinniaiiii] Erederick SehlefV^^ °fRev.'’Charfel Her© bie®b6m^eMoravfanC1CInircdft0irn0if 31° vearSfun1vnp«t!JmaSe of deaths of that <*wni«establishes the fact that the Jones’ buried in Bethlehem is F©(minid Miter Phiiadfhfhi?6^^86 ,as the eminent Umladelphian whose death is recorded th6 inscription on his wife’s tomh st°ne in St. Peter’s Church " ard mb' 1 he year 1831 was one of sorrow and anxiety in old-fashioned Bethl h-enT The NewmYeorrkwh°rS from phil.adeS aiil who came to rest in its beau- titul environment were driven home in He Was Once Secretary of the great stress of mind, for the communiT was scourged by an epidemic ot fever Treasury Yet No Man Knew His 1 unerals were of daily occurrence In Resting Place Until Now. —refer.ence_ to the mortuary records of dh?rv ?hp9f ?evi Mr’ Keklel wrote m hfs dla*J the following statement:— not h!l^nLrn?re’ seyen persons who did iIn°forroi°a& l° us died bere and were Among- the graves of old St Peter’s interred in our cemetery. Among them, ?iP®rtilin Mr. William Jones a ' Fourth ?.n®. Y1?-? Secretary of War for the tstaceS Uovernment (he should ha\e said Secretary nf the Navv) ,nd DDEANOR JONES, StatesreS-hwnVpnttlbe Bank of the"United Wife of towlinJphTl gentleman was on his wav ^ HjLIAM JONES, & ■p&iaw Died, February 27, 182S ISKrHK- Aged 63 Years. WILLIAM JONES, asSif ssffrusrifB;! tils ailments were of such a nature that i his speedy end was to be expected. He Although for many years it was not was prepared for this and looked for¬ known whether the William Jones buried ward to his last moment with cheerful in the Moravian Cemetery was in truth relation to the ways of Providence. the famous -Philadelphian, it was taken fils end came on September 6. In i for granted that such was the -case, and i Pursuance of his special request, he was when the rites of Memorial Day are ob¬ I ,ed in our cemetery, though he had served bv the Union veterans of Beth¬ I a family^burial-place in Philadelphia. ; It is a remarkable circumstance of lehem. the grave of the sdldler and sailor of the day of Washington, is always his life that he began his career here decorated with the Stbrs and Stripes, in Bethlehem sixty years ago, having and will be, in future, as long as a grate¬ ! worked on the Lehigh at that time as a! ful nation continues such a tribute of ' shipbuilder’s apprentice, building boats respect. which were used by the Government in Some people may exclaim: “Such a the Indian war.” man deserves a monument to commem- \ Bishop Levering, in commenting on orate his sacrifices for his country’s wel- ! the interesting facts brought to light fare.” Such, however, will never be the by Rev. Mr. Seidel’s diary, states that case on that burying ground, for not a i the Fme referred to when young Jones raised stone or ornate shaft is to be seen worked e.s a shipbuilder would run back in the entire inclosure. The old Mora- I to 1771. In that year the first legislation vians believed, as many of their de¬ for the improvement of facilities for scendants do to-day, that death is no navigation on the Lehigh River was en¬ respecter of persons, and, when the soul acted. Historians of these days, how¬ has departed for the 'eternal house the • ever, are not troubled by writing of river abiding place of the body should nor be and harbor b ll appropriations for the marked by man's vanity. So all of the same stream, for many years have passed graves, in regular rows, are marked by since the Government has expended plain marble slabs. Beneath the ground money in such a direction. Local rec¬ old Dees of the cemetery—sentinels of I ords in Bethlehem have little to say the ages they seem—are buried the bodies j ■ about the shipbuilding industry of Colon- of men and women of widely diversified j ial times, but it is deemed probable that pursuits during their lifetime. Other ! Jones aided in dressing timbers which soldiers of the Revolution have been laid | were floated on flatboats to Philadelphia to rest there besides William Jones. In¬ | by way of the Delaware, there to be dians, who embraced the gospel of peace utilized in the construction of vessels and forsook their warfare on the inva- 1 for naval service. Another view is that ders of their land, are among the resi¬ boats were made to take up the Lehigh dents of this historic city of the dead. River during the Wyoming troubles. The majority of ' interments, however, The early days of William Jones have were of" men and women, whose only many points of resemblance to the youth knowledge of war was to help the of brave “Hugh Wynne.” the hero of Dr. wounded and comfort the dying. Some¬ Weir Mitchell’s famous novel, for, like times a voung man, fired with patriotic the courageous Quaker lad, Jones lived in zeal which his elders said did not har¬ a community whose pecple were for monize with the principles of his faith, peace and whose Church decried the sav¬ would leave the village of Bethlehem ] agery of war. Jones learned the trade of and cast his life, his fortune and his a shipbuilder; Wynne toiled as a black¬ honor in tho rctnlcs of Vv nshingron ^ j smith’s apprentice. Both the soldier of army, and history seems to say such a fiction and the sold'er of real life joined one was William Jones. the Continental Army when boys, al¬ though they had the nerve of stout¬ hearted men. Jones was but 18 year if age when he enlisted in Captain Fitzs.-n- mons’ company of volunteers. He fought in the battles of Trenton and Prince¬ ton. The hard life of the campaign of that Winter was suffered by the young patriot, who, like “Hugh Wynne, ’ was made prisoner by the British. Later in the conflict William Jones served in the navy. Under Commodore i rruxton lie served as a" lieutenant on | board the ship Saint James, receiving of¬ ficial recognition for bravery. Jones’ love for the sea drew him into ! the merchant service after the struggle : with Great Britain was ended, in which ! he continued until 1790, when he became a resident of Charleston. S. C. Three » - - - I fD-.'Wf.r -r ' 1 ■ 1 years later he settled in Philadelphia, be- ... | ginning a publicist’s career marked by : numerous positions of trust and honor. J For several years he served in Congress, AT OLD ST. PETER’S. ! but finding that he could not success¬ fully assume the joint role of a business man and a statesman he declined a re- election. SOCIETY OF THE SONS OF THE REVOLU¬ President Madison made Jones Secre¬ tary of the Navy in 1S12, which import¬ TION ATTEND DIVINE SERVICE. ant post was held during the war with Great Britain. The office of president of the Bank of the United States was af¬ terward bestowed on him by appoint¬ To Commemorate the 120th Anniversary ment. His last public office was that of of tho American Army Going Into Win¬ Collector of the Port of Philadelphia. ter Quarters at Talley Forge. During his life in business and politics William Jones always found time and opportunities to indulge a passion for science ana literature, During tne twen¬ The annunl service of the Pennsylvania ty-six years of membership in the Society of the Sons of the Revolution, com¬ American Philosophical Society he fre¬ memorative of the going Into winter quar¬ quently contributed papers which found favor with his fellow-citizens. After his ters of the American array at Valley Forge, death men of ail political parties paid was held yesterday afternoon at St. Peter’s high tribute to his character, his public Protestant Episcopal Church, Third and service and his goodness as a friend and Pir.e streets. neighbor.__ The members of the society, wearing their j InsIjjSlaof rose; te. assembled ut the Penn New York. The ■offering at Valley Forge 1 Club, Eighth and Locust streets, and ought net to be overestimated ; it has been inarched thence in a body to the church, the exaggerated.In tbe camp rough nature, disci¬ interior of which was lavishly decorated pline and comradeship wrought In the rne» a fcr the occasion with tbeStais and Stripes. depth of character and purpose by which I tbe Continental “Buff and Blue,” the official one man inspired another unconsciously. colors of t he society, and fao similes of flags Much could be said In disparagement of the carried by the patriots of the Revolution. men who opposed Washington, but what- Pew No. 41. in which General and Lady ever may have been the Independent opin¬ Washington sat when attending divine ser¬ ions of these men, they were honestly held, vices, was specially decorated for the seating and the men themselves were sincerely I of the society’s officers. Admission of thoso fighting for the cause of liberty. not members was by card. Dangers to be Guarded Against. Invitations iiad been sent to the officers of “We can pay the debt of gratitude which the following patriotic societies: The Society we owe to the fathers of tbe Revolution by of the Cincinnati, the Military Order of the living up to their spirit. By birthright we , Loyal Legion, Pennsylvania Commandery; are enlisted to fight against the violation of Daughters of the American Revolution, onr inherited principles and the subtle Naval Order, Colonial Dames, Daughters of political habits of men whose methods im¬ the Revolution. Society of Colonial Wars, pair a democracy and make of an imended Society of the War of 1812, also to Governor glory a dazzling shame. Our blood must be ; Elisha Dyer. ox-Governor C. W. Llpoitt, as red as our fathers. The belief that our ! Hod. S. W. E. Allen, Colonel J. E. Spedley Government has an Inherent quality of in¬ i ana Hon. Charles P. Bennett, members of destructibility must, be contested. Here and the Rhode Island Commission on monuments there we see it shrivelling to a narrow rem¬ at Valley Forge. nant of its broad original. For the main¬ The service was 1b charge of the Chaplain tenance of a country’s democratic existence of the Pennsylvania Society, the Rev. George and ihe cure of besetting evils the only Woolsey Hodg*, the other clergymen present remedy Is in punishing Its enemies and in being the Rev. Richard Henry Nelson, rector resisting the intrusion of fraudulent prin¬ of St. Peter’s; tho venerable Archdeacon ciples. Who shall fight these battles? The Cyrus Towurend Brady, who is a member of be*t minds thought out the Republic the society; the Rev. Arnold H. Hord, the and directed the battles which achieved Rev. Walter Jordau, tho Rev. Francis Mc- a people’s government, and so the best Fetrich, the Rev. L. M. Robinson and the minds now are to set the pace for Rev. S. E. Snlvely. what the American Government is to bo. No The processional hymn was “Ancient of people ever had a more imperative duty than Days, Who Slttest Throned in Glory.’’ our own to see to it that the false and cor¬ Other hymDS sung were: “The God of Abra¬ rupt, the commonplace and second rate, do ham Praise,” and as a recessional, “Rejoice, not by uninstructed or misled majorities Ye Pure In Heart!” dominate and win. There is little value or Rev. Dr. Silvester’s Sermon. sacredness in a majority which has unwit¬ The sermon was preached by the Rev. W. tingly by its votes introduced a reign of error W. Silvester, S. T. D., a member of the so¬ and corruption. ciety and rector of the George W. South Me¬ “If evils come by the will of tbe people, morial Church of the Advocate. the will of the people must be purified, edu¬ “This occasion,” Dr. Silvester said, “af¬ cated and exalted. Let the poisonous virus fords the opportunity more and more to find of the mismanaged city spread into the State out1 the mystery of Valley Forge and to. governments and into the nation and affairs study the environment of the times and tbe at Washington, then must come a degreda- men who, by the forces of body, mind and tion of government by the people, a degra¬ soul, wrought the benefits of liberty and dation in spirit and manliness not contem¬ government which we inherit. What could plated by our ancestors and most sorely un¬ be more disheartening to the people of those known in tlie days of Valley Forge.” days than the events which, in 1776, followed Committee of Arrangements. the defeat of our army at Long Island, when The arrangements for the servico were In the British troops were pushing our men charge of ihe following committee of mem¬ from tqwn to town, through the State of bers of the society: Clement Weaver, Ed¬ New Jersey,and when the possibility seemed ward Clinton Lee, William Delaware Neil- most remote of checking their march until son, Samuel Rea, Henry May Kelm, J. they had taken Philadelphia. In the in¬ Campbell Lancaster, Robert Henry Allison, tensity of his feeling for the cause of liberty, M. D., John William Shackford, Joseph driven backward by the overwhelming Trowbridge Bailey, Henry Whelen, Jr., Ed¬ numbers of his enemy, and perplexed by win Swift Batch, John Clarke Sims, John the apathy of tbe people and the condition Morgan Ash, Jr., George Bteploe Washing¬ of his army, unaided by expected rein¬ ton, Edgar Wright Baird, Elijah HolllDgs- forcements, and himself and his plans the wor'th Siter, Charles Henry Jones, George subject of unfriendly criticism, Is It aDy Tucker Blspham. Charles Wuris Sparhawk, wonder that Washington, under the tremen¬ Pemberton Sydney Hutchinson, Charles dous strain, should at one point for a brief Howard Colket, Dali on Dorr, Robert Wil¬ moment burst into tears ? liam Smith, Clement Acton Griscom, Jr., “In tbecampaign of the next year Washing¬ William Henry Fox. Benjamin Ford Dor- ton was unable to resist the oncoming of the rance. J. Edward Carpenter, William Mac- British army, and Philadelphia was taken. pherson Hornor, Chairman. Tho American troops went Into winter quar¬ Officers of the Society. ters at Valley Forge. The decision was un¬ The officers of the Pennsylvania Society of popular, and met with opposition not only the Sons of tbe Revolution are ns follows: from some of the Generals who disagreed President, Hon. William Wayne; Vice Presl- with all the plans of Washington, but from dent, Richard McCall Ca.dstaiader; S^ctShd tbe members of Congress. The winter was Vice Presld£Bi»J*‘*m&'m *Benry Egle, M. D. ; used in buildiDg up an array, and the cainp Secretary ."Ethan Alien Weaver; Treasurer. was alive with drilling aDd manoeuvring. In Charles Henry Jones; Registrar, Major Rich¬ the spring the British army, declining to ard Strader Collum, U. S. M. C. ; Historian, come to battle, fled through Now Jersey to Josiah Granville Leach ; Chaplain, tho Rev. \ 44 t-i-,« ml.-, jv. t'CM. ■ 'V*. - A j' 4”..*: , ,7, city life anu activities iRTBrisiol. A muddy, leaky old barge was the ferryboat, and the Whitaker Peunyp’acker LLD only passengers a few gunners in the season, race Edwin Havrlen William s R ' Ho' and that curious amphibious class known as Hornor, Thomas Hewson B adfoH P« "n “ Isaac Craig,John Woolr rd> M- D-. “Neckers.” They were the victims of chills, Albade Cnbeenand Captain Tl' Fran£!s von shakes and fevers, and had one specific Bellas, U. S. A. P aln Henry Hobart remedy—liquor; and this they drank almost as freely as water. When Henry Mink kept the ferry the hands on the boat got into a fight with a lot of hard cases who came down every summer to cut the marsh grass. T They forgot all about the scow, it got loose, floated down the Schuylkill, upset and the From, (Zz.Al =s?.. two ferrymen were drowned. The road to Penrose Ferry left the Pass¬ I was arrested by tne wa tch. On his person were found n bloody jack-knife and several articles of female apparel. When questioned GERMANTOWN’S . |he answered evasively, and was finally put on trial for killing the girl on Penrose Ferry road. There was much excitement about the affair. Gallagher was a,loose character and a OLD FIRE ENGINE. foreigner, and he was convicted and hung. Eight months a$er that event Robinson committed an atrocious highway robbery ou Nlcetown lane. He was taken, convicted and Claimed to Be the Most sentenced to the gallows, and he told the j keepers at the Walnut Street Prison that he Ancient, Not Only in This had killed the girl, and meeting Gallagher, whom he knew, had slipped the bloody City, but in America. knife, the collar and handkerchiefs into the Irishman’s pocket. He was present when Gallagher wa,s hnng, and laughed heartily while telling the story. He created a' fright¬ WAS BROUGHT HERE IN 1764 ful scene at the gibbet, fighting to the last. | Sixty years ago these meadows were vain- ^ able property. Artificial grasses were not ! Purchased by the Middle Ward Fire generally cultivated, and as the pastures 1 along the river were from a month to six Company in That Year and Still in weeks earlier than those ou the upland, it was the custom of the Delaware county far¬ a Well-Preserved Condition. mers to drive their herds in the spring, pay¬ Extracts from the Records. ing $2 per head for the privilege. The mea¬ dow land was assessed at $400 per acre, when land two miles from Market street bridge could be bought for $250. The residents of Germantown are The recent destruction of crops on the justly proud of its historic associations. Greenwich meadows is said to have been The house in which Washington lived, due to the neglect of a local Board of Com¬ missioners. who have for more than a cen¬ with its smali-paned windows, remains tury exercised an authority of the Green¬ as it was when he occupied it, and the wich district, but so ancient is the origin of building in which Lord Howe resided the board, and so little is known of the while in command of the British troops source of authority and extent of their re¬ is still unaltered. sponsibility, that one lawyer %vbo made Carefully preserved is the ship’s bell, some inquiry thereon declared that the “re¬ which rang merry chimes to thousands sult was all Greek and Turkey tracts to him.” Tried In the white light of a suit at o!' hearts as the first tea was imported law may give us the truth about this ancient to this country. These and many other institution. historic mementos are treasured with a The present wooden bridge as seen in the fondness and pride born of love—love of illustration dates from 1858. It is too nar¬ historic treasures which will go down row for the fast increasing travel. The new the ages, reminding ail of the fierce structure will be much wider and do away battles for national freedom. with the inadequate approaches that are a source of danger and annoyance in the old In addition to these Germantown can bridge. also boast of having the oldest fire en¬ gine, not alone in this city, hut perhaps in America. This engine is a decided curiosity, and is named the “Shag-Rag,” -m, f- - after its makers—Newsham & Ragi a . %. London firm of engine and boiler makers, which existed in the seven¬ teenth century. The “Shag-Rag” was built prior to 1764. From the records of the Middle Ward Fire Company, now in possession of William H. Emhardt, 5521 Germantown Avenue, it is proved beyond any doubt that this engine was purchased by the Middle Ward Fire Company and arrived in America early in 1764. The engine is in Mr. Emhardt’s keeping since 1874, and can be seen at From,. . the address given. When the engine was bought a portion of the money was paid in advance and I < A- the remainder after the delivery and testing of the engine. THE OFFICIAL RECORDS. Date, .S..0 . J The following entry appears in the cash-book of the company:— “December 10th, 1765—To cash paid TFIB “SHAG-RAG," BROUGHT TO THIS CITY FROM ENGLAND IN' 1764, FOR THE MIDDLE WARD FIRE COMPANY, OF GERMANTOWN. /quick Strokes from 'Top"to Bottom when Samuel Shoemaker a reminder as p. his ■(.you play by Sucking Pipe. rect. £9 s.*13 d. | ********* Samuel Shoemaker was the agent who “If it has played much dirty Water had negotiated the purchase of the great play clean water to cleanse the Engine i engine, for in those days the "Shag- alter the inside of the Cistern is well hRag” was so considered. washed and oil all the movable parts ” The “Shag-Rag," whose picture ap¬ It remained the pride of the Middle Ward f ire Company until the year 1796, pears herewith, is so arranged as to when an entry appeals in the cash book act either as a suction or force engine. °f. ..®r. sum of £150-7-6 having been paid The body is a wooden trough five feet Phillip & Mason for' a new engine. Both long, 18 inches deep and 21 inches wide, were used by the company until lined with copper sheathing. It rests on 1S19. when the “Shag-Rag” passed to the iron axles, which are permanently at¬ Fellowship Hose Company, which v as tached to the bottom; hence, as there tormed from the parent company. Yeo- is no fifth wheel, it was necessary when lnai1 was done by the' engine up to 1822, when it became too antiquated a corner was to be turned to life the for the modern requirements of that pe¬ front wheels from the ground and make riod and permission was given by the the turn on the hind ones. Middle Ward Fire Company to the Fel¬ The wheels are of solid wood, 17 inches lowship Hose Company to. dispose of in diameter and 2% inches thick, bound the engine. It then passed through a with heavy iron hoops for tires. In the critical period, attempt after attempt be- rear of the engine are two upright cop¬ ins' made to sell it at a price not less than 850, but no purchaser could be per cylinders, 14 inches high and 4V2 found for it. It was then finally resolved inches in diameter. In these the pistons (as per minutes) "not to sell the old en¬ alternately worked, being forced up and gine.” down by two handles, five feet six inch¬ The minutes show that it was subse¬ es long, which run parallel to the en¬ quently occasionally used, as in the great gine on each side. As many as could railroad bridge fire of March 6, 1839, when laid hold of the handles, and, -working the minutes state: “It worked most ad¬ mirably." them up and down with a quick, rapid stroke, accomplished what they then AS A CURIOSITY. ] considered wonderful work. It appeared as a curiosity in the pa¬ rade of fire engines of October, 1805, and HOW THE HOSE WAS WORKED. in subsequent parades. Between the small cylinders is a large When the Fellowship Hose Company one, also of copper, being 3 feet G inches disbanded the members were sorely per¬ plexed -what disposition to make of the high, 5 inches in diameter at the bot¬ “old engine," and at a meeting May 11, tom, and increasing to 7 inches at the 1871, “a committee of three were ap¬ top. Out of this comes a pipe having pointed to put engine in suitable condi¬ attached to it by a movable screw joint tion and present to the Historical So¬ the copper-branch pipe called the "goose¬ ciety of Pennsylvania.” This for some neck.” By the peculiar arrangement of reason was not carried out. A minstrel this joint the branch pipe, which is 5 troupe afterward entered into negotia¬ tion to buy the “Shag-Rag." The com¬ feet long and tapers to a half-inch mittee became fonder of the engine and nozzle, can be turned in any direction. refused to sell, and in 1873 a special reso¬ When the engine was to be used for lution was passed as follows:— suction there was an opening in the bot¬ “On motion, ordered that the commit¬ tom to which a pipe or hose could be tee having charge of the ‘Shag-Rag’ be attached and lowered into a well o requested to bring the same from Nice- other body of water from which it was towu and locate it in some suitable place in Germantown.” desired to draw a supply. As the en¬ ;.A vear after this, in 1874, it passed into | gine had to be very close to the burn¬ the hands of Mr. Emhardf, wno was for ing building it was seldom that the some time secretary of the Fellowship water could be obtained in this way Hose Company. the dependence being then on what At an early date a public exhibition of _ could be nassea_along- the line of men, the “Shag-Rag’s" present powers will be women and boys by means ot reamer- given in Germantown. buckets. To prevent damages to the cylinders from pieces of wood or other objects that might be in the water there -was at each end a space partitioned off by a perforated sheet, of copper, into which each bucket of water was poured, and was thus strained before passing into the cylinder of the engine. Along the side of the engine is printed 1 in large letters: “Germantown, 1764." 1 DIRECTIONS FOR USE. On a printed paper set in a panel and thus protected somewhat, though, unfortunately, not enough to entirely preserve it, are what remains of the directions how to work the engine. The following is still legible:— "DIRECTIONS FOR KEEPING THE ENGINE IN ORDER. “When you pity a Stream in its Full Length, hold the Branch steddy some¬ time. Let so many men work with their liands as can stand on each side, take . Opposite to the State House was the j State House Inn, which was built in O CITY in the coun¬ -j ('93 xt was a small two-story-affair, | try is as rich in memories yet humble as it was all the great men j of colonial days as the who composed the early Congress were ■ Quaker City. Here was entertained when attending the ses- made much of the history lions during that thrilling period of j of the formation period of the country’s existence. Here aM the the country and its curious voters of the city cast their ballots , old picturesque inns with their pecu¬ and its walls could tell tales of men j liar signs, sheltered under their roofs whose deeds are immortah many of the great patriots whose The Indian Queen, on Fourth street, names are engrafted indelibly in fame. was the stopping place of Thomas Jef¬ The first public house built in the city, ferson. and it was claimed that he so tradition says,waSa little inn known there wrote the Declaration of Inde¬ as the Blue Anchor. At the present pendence, and for many years the desk day a tavern over a hundred years on which he was supposed to nave old marks the spot where the old house stood and still bears the old written it was exhibited. name. It was here that the' founder j! Bell’s Tavern, on Eighth street, was of the great Commonwealth of Penn¬ famous for being the stopping place of sylvania first found shelter under the “Old Hickory” and other military men hospitable roof when he landed to take of his acquaintance. possession of his grant of land which The George Inn, kept early in liWJ, he had received from the king. The , was a lively place, being the terminus Blue Anchor was a modest two-story of the stage coach line to New York. building with a frontage of twelve It was kept by a Nicolas Scull and af¬ feet on Front street and twentv-two terward by John Nicholson. Here the feet on Hock Creek, now Dock street. great painter Charles L/eslie made his It was apparently a brick structure, start and afterward went from here to but closer inspection showed it to bo Europe, where he received the gold composed of a wooden frame in which were set small bricks which were medal of the Royal Academy. Another intersting inn was the brought' from England. It was- kept ji Crooked Billet, so called fro mthe- char¬ bv a man named Guest and it is said 1 acter of the sign—a crooked billet of 1 that Penn was so delighted with" his wood. _ _ host and the comfort found in his ho- 4. curious house was The Castle, at - tel that he took particular care to Ninth and Walnut streets; its fame , recommend it to his friends in Eng¬ however belongs to a little later period. land. Old-Dock Creek was an inlet It was the headquarters of the theat¬ and the sight of Blue Anchor was the rical folk, and in its bar room was a proper key ,to the whole city. miniature stage where the embryo ac¬ Another curious old place of public tors were wont to try their ability as entertainment was the London Coffee a Hamlet or an Othello and received House, which was first opened as a the plaudits or the hisses of the audl- public house in 1754 by William Brad¬ 1 ence Edwin Forrest “first tried it on ford, although it was built in 1701. The the cU>g” on these primitive boards original position of William Bradford when a mere boy. _ ,. to the Governor discloses the fact that W. E. R~. In the Hotel World. that worthy gentleman looked on cof¬ fee as a tipple which was analogous to the fiery Jamaica riim or the insidious Madeira, as* his petition read: “Hav¬ ing been a Ivised to keep a coffee house for the benefit of merchants and From, traders, and as some people may at times he de-jirous to be furnished with other-liq-uo.-s-beside coffee, your peti¬ \6%L'/c tioner apprehends it to be necessary to have a governor’s license.” Here was the rendezvous for the colonists % to meet and discuss politics and re¬ Date-f^L 3CJ, //// ceive news from other colonies, and many schemes which afterward brought fruit in the independence of this country were here hatched. It J V |*i 1UL? *1* * *1?,* 1 was a picturesque sight to see the old | Quakers with their broad brimmed hats and their sober faces discussing in groups the oppression of the moth¬ AN OLD CHURCH. er country and then thrown into ex¬ citement by the arrival of the captain qf a vessel from Boston or Baltimore, First JReformed Presby¬ or a horseman bringing dispatches from the inland towns telling of the terian. feelings of their compatriots in these places. These were the only means of communication, so primitive in com¬ parison of these days of the telegraph CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION and telephone. In front of this inn was a slave market and an auction place for the selling of horses and Members Split Years Ago wagons. L from Wylie Memorial. 49 Although It rounded out a century of existence on Friday, the members From, f of the First Reformed Presbyterian . Church, Nineteenth and Federal streets, will not begin the celebra- | tion of the church's anniversary un¬ I FI til this morning. The observance of the event will be continued until and including Thursday evening. J/, A/W The members of the church have Date been planning for the affair for some [time under the following general com¬ mittee of arrangements: Robert John¬ ston, President: Alexander McAllister, Secretary; Albert McConaghy, Treas¬ z ure; Robert Fletcher, John McCon¬ aghy, E. Young, James McAllister, IV. -H. Wilson, Robert Killough, Dr. D. P. THE FIRST M Tait, Samuel White, W. G. Clemments, George Thompson, Hugh McKenzie! Thomas Johnston, J. R. McMurray, William M. Archibald, Frank Kline,' John McKinney, Hugh Savage, Mrs. LOCATE S. J. M. Black. Miss M. Mooney, Mrs. E. S. McMurray, Mrs. Fannie Tait, Mrs. Robert Johnston, Mrs. M. J. Mc- Elroy, Mrs. M. Irwin, Miss M. Hag¬ Buildings Have Been So Al¬ gerty and Mrs. M. Allen. An historical sermon will be prea'ch- tered That Much Con¬ ed to-day by the pastor, the Rev. James Y. Boice. In the Sunday fusion Results. School which is under charge of Su- I perintendent John McConaghy, ad- jdresses will be ma'de by Rev. Drs. M. [Gailey and David Steele, Albert B. ANCIENT CORNER-STONE Henry, James D. Ritchie, John Alvin Orr, H. Carroll Wright, E. S. Boice, Matthew Killough, William rigger- staff, J. H. ivicAr chur and L. a Ben¬ The Search for It Will Be Pros¬ son. Robert Johnston will preside at the meeting to-morrow evening. Georg° ecuted in Due Time and W. Scott, a missionary from Ind'u will speak at the missior.arv service Watched With Interest. on Wednesfiay evening. The Chris¬ tian Endeavors will have a social on Thusdya evening. The history of the church begins on The publication of the provision in John January 28, 1798, when a- committee of L. Kates’ will, bequeathing the corner the Reformed Presbytery, consisting of Rev. Wiliiam Gibson and Elde-s stone and its contents from the old build- Andrew Giitard and David Clark or¬ mg at 37 and 39 North Seventh street to ganized and worshipped at the house the Historical Society, revives interest in of Thomas Thompson, near South and what was the first home of the United Penn streets. Rev. Dr. Samuel Brown States Mint, as well as the first building Wylie was made pastor in 1803 and his son, Rev. T. W. J. Wylie, was his erected by the government. successor in 1843. The little church The agitation for the establishment of building at Eleventh and Marble such an institution culminated in an act of streets, was opened June 21, 1818 Ser¬ Congress passed April 2, 1792, providing vices were held here until thecomple- for a mint in Philadelphia. A property tionof the Wylie Memorial Church Broad below Sprucef in 1864. ■was immediately procured on the east side Discipline and psalmody caused a of Seventh street, above what was then split in the church in 1867 andl8G8 and Sugar alley, later known as Farmer street, those who withdrew were recognized and now Fdbert street. An old still-house as the regyiar First Reformed Presby¬ stood upon the ground at the time and this terian Church of Philadelphia bv the General Synod of 1S69. A contest car¬ had to be demolished. The apparatus was ried to the Supreme Court, however SOi • vlr • ®eve.n shillings and six pence, gave the Wylie Memorial Church pron- which David Rittenhouse, the Director of erty to the opposing faction. The reg¬ the Mint, directed to be “laid out for ulars held their services in the ni-i punch,” used at the ceremonies in connec¬ Horticultural Hall with Rev A C Wylie a pastor in 1871, and he was suc¬ tion with the laying of the foundation- ceeded by Rev. J. C. Chapman in 1881 stone. who was in turn succeeded bv Rev' THE FIRST BUILDING. John Graham in 1889. y K"v' It was in 1883, during the pastorate of J. C. Chapman thlt the present tenhouse on July 31, 1792, and the build¬ church building, at Nineteenth and ing was first ocupied in October of the Federal streets were erected It as some beautiful windows in memory same year. The building, a three-story of its famous first pastor Rev stmJZ brick structure, with a main entrance Brown Wylie and other early leaders opening into a hallway which runs through The present pastor Rev James y to the rear, was occupied for offices, while Boice, is professor of New the coining and melting was done in a Greek, Homiletics and Pastoral ology in the Theological Semir?a™~ wooden structure in the rear. Mules, at Twentieth aad Vlnf *tre*t* ’ hitched to a windlass, furnished the mo- immediate delivery oi tire corner-stone to tive power for the machinery until 18H>, the Historical Society, but directs that it when steam was introduced. Excepting shall be so given when the building is de¬ during the years 1797-99 and 1802-03, molished. John L. Kates, Jr., who is the executor of his father’s estate, said yes- AS THE FIRST MINT LOOKED IN OLDEN DAYS Fterdav that; no decision has yet been lich were known as the yellow fever ars, coinage was continued there until 41. rhe increasing population and added de- mds upon the institution led to a reso- ture He has been aware of bis father s tion of Congress, passed March Z, wish in the matter for some time, and mb [lich directed that liberal provision be carry out his instructions whenever pra ade for a suitable building. Then the oner tv at Chestnut and •- uniper streets U The6 stone itself will have to be found, is purchased and the building now in use as nobody seems to know its whereabouts. Even the location of the original bmldmo MrMCates’ will does not provide for the ^ in doubt. Oomions difter as to whet T j I V --- ” ' ’ / 51 it is the one which fronts directly oh Sev¬ enth street or the one back of it. | of the buildings fronting on Seventh | Both are very old, and one has the ap¬ street, Nos. 37 and 39. This corresponds' pearance of having stood as long as the with all the best tradition in the neigh¬ other. The one in the rear seems to have borhood and the evidences in the struc- been built with an especial view to ture of the building itself. strength, and is supported in the basement WHAT RECORDS SHOW. by massive brick arches, and one wooden girder, running through the centre, is • The rfcor^ °T an old suit about the fully eighteen inches square. rights of the use of the alley shows the This building is but two stories high, testimony of Adam Eckfelflt, assistant however, but its flat roof looks as though • coiner, Voight. It was i an upper story might have been removed. in 1847, and the famous Eli K. Price was Its size, too, contradicts the description on one side and Theodore Cuyler on the i of the Mint, and in this the front build- other. Mr. Eckfeldt testified that he was \ ing agrees more accurately with the pict- employed in the Mint from the first, 1792. | ures that have been published. He lived in the place to-day occupied by The only wooden buildiug of which Mr. J. Hartman, a nickel-plating shop on Ten- Kates has any recollection was connected loot alley. with the 'fear building and had an en¬ The Mint property taken by the govern¬ trance on Filbert street. In this particulitf ment seems to have included the whole it agrees with descriptions which haVe Plot bounded by Seventh street. Sugar been generally used by historians. It Was alley, Bone alley and Ten-Foot alley. It torn down last summer after it had been is the testimony about the use of the al¬ | condemned as unsafe by the Building In- leys that makes it impossible to believe ! spectors. The old buildings are no\yused that the Mint buildings fronted on Sev¬ I for offices and light manufacturing by a enth street. Mr. Eckfeldt’s testimony is number of tenants, the upper florir of the in brief as follows: rear building being occupied as^rcarpenter THE OLD ALLEYS. I shop. _ _ . _ “I recollect Bone alley. It was called a four-foot alley, but was not fenced off. The Mint owned each side of it. Bone alley was not wide enough for carts, but the ground thrown out by the Mint made THE EXACT SITE it wide enough. ‘‘The carts did come in and out Ten Foot alley. Mrs. Yorke owned a small house, which I bought of her. Previously we paid her $(>0 a year rent. There was a OF THE OLD MINT house hung across the alley. The house decayed down and Mrs. Yorke gave the privilege of idling it down. I suppose it was about the year 1818 or 1819. We Real Estate Agent Nealis used the Ten Foot alley after this house j was pulled down, and the gate was put Furnishes Indisputable jup. It was a large double gate, sufficient to drive a cart through. I had it put up. They (the gates) opened out and locked ; Proof of Locality on the inside. I don’t recollect the year ' they were put-up. I purchased it in i828 and it was some years before that, maybe seven or eight years. SOME CURIOUS DETAILS “I rented this lot that the gates opened on from Mrs. Yorke for the Mint. It was while I was a tenant that I erected this gate. I asked the privilege of my | The Building Long Supposed and landlady to make this change. I con¬ tinued to be tenant until I purchased in Pictured to Be the First Mint 1S28 from Mrs, Yorke and family. Is Not the Right One RIGHTS OF TENANTS. “I rented of Mrs. Yorke first in 1810 or 1811. I never undertook to use the right against her wishes and there was | T. F. Nealis, a well-known real estate never any fault found between us. We man, who, having been employed by the used it pretty much Km wooa yard and j storehouse. It was not used as a foot j heirs of J. J. Kates, relatives of former I owners of the Seventh street United passage (the ten foot alley). We used [ States Mint site, is able, by reason of long it for getting wood and charcoal in by carts. I don’t recollect that we used it familiarity with the properties in the for any other purpose. Part of the gate neighborhood, to throw a pretty certain might have been west of Bone alley on light upon the original Mint building and lot of Mrs. Yorke. We planted a post the probable location of the corner-stone to hang the gate on at the corner of the ; laid by David Rittenhouse in 1792. wall erected by William Sanson. The • There was at one time or another con right we exercised was that of tenant. siderable litigation about the rights of She gave us possession in consequence of property owners to the use of Ten-foot renting her lot. alley, as it was then called, and in the “The Mint ceased to use the alley in records of proceedings of the courts in [this way in 1833, when it was moved I those cases Mr. Nealis yesterday pointed away. I held it till Kates bought it. Mr. ! out testimony which leaves no doubt that Wetherill and I had a great deal of I the original Mint is the plain two-story friendly contention about this alley. He brick building, about 30 feet square, back said Mrs. Yorke had no right to sell the use of the alley retained. I told him i purchased it of- her.” 1 ■ .. '.a$ FIRST MINT STILL STANDING. L_ . — . ~ by wagons "being unable to turn around j and having to back all the way out. So 1 through Mr. Eckfeldt they got from Mrs. Yorke the privilege of taking carts through the gates spoken of, on to the lot rented of Mrs. Yorke, over what has since become Ter. Foot alley, to Seventh street. “If the Mint had fronted on Seventh street,” says Mr. Nealis, “what would SOME PLAIN EVIDENCE. have been the use in going around through A gate at the very spot mentioned by these alleys to get in wood and charcoal the witnesses is there to this day. Other THE EXACT SPOT. witnesses testified to the very manner in Mr. Nealis, being employed about those which they saw the wagons go in and out buildings, has been through them from that Bone alley gate to and from the Mint. top to bottom many times in the course It was evident that the Mint authorities of thirty or forty years, and he declares i on account of the narrowness of Sugar al- that there is only one building that con¬ ley, would be put to great inconvenience sistently answers every demand of the business and descriptiokis and testimony, | L, 'V * SHOWING LOCATION OF FIRST MINT 53 and that is the two-story structure pre¬ To the present generation of Philadel¬ sented in tile cuts, now occupied in base¬ phians "tie old city” can be no more than a ment and first floor by a wall-paper es¬ tradition tbhl in the newspapers. Within the tablishment, and in the second floor by (last thirty years the obliteration of our old a carpenter. His idea is that the build¬ landmarks has been carried to an extent that ings fronting on Seventh street, three has left ns no historic buildings save those stories high, and which have been mis¬ dedicated to public use. Of these Christ takenly printed in Evans’ and other pub¬ Church, in Second street, is the oldest, dat¬ lications for the original Mint, might ing from 1727, although there was a wooden have been erected there long after the edifice on the same site in 1710. In 1844 the original and used for Mint olllees at a writer hoard an old man named Nixon, who later period. The original has a roof with had been at Monmouth, and was born in a single incline, lowest along Bone alley, 1.760, say that he had spoken with men who and running upwards to Seventh street. remembered a great pond in the rear of The three-story buildings 37 and 39 Christ Church full of poud lilies', and fre¬ North Seventh street were described in quented by wild ducks, and this was a fa¬ other records as '‘rough-cast store proper¬ vorite camping place for the Indians when j ties” and in the description of other build¬ risiting the city. St. Peter's, at Third and ings on the same plot in litigation is added 3ine, was built in 1761, the carpenter work | J the followng: leing done by the ancestor of the Harding ; “One two-story factory (formerly the 'ainily of this city, while St. Paul’s dates j United States Mint).” rom 1762. St. Joseph’s Church, in Willing’s ' Other records call it a “plain brick” illey, was built in 1733, but lias been so building and this last records says “two- ■hanged and renovated that it is essentially I 1 story,” so that there seems to be little modern.. { room left for printing pictures of the ; three-story building which have done duty St. Mary’s, on Fourth street, dates from ! in the previous histories of the “first .763, but was rebuilt in 1810. Of our exist- , ' United States Mint.” ng public buildings. Independence Hall was Mr. Nealis, after many critical exam¬ •oinmeneed in 1729 and finished in 1i3o. It inations of this “two-story plain brick itood in a common covered with low bushes. building,” thinks that the corner-stone, 411 the trees are comparatively modern. In which is to be bequeathed to the His-1 S30 there stood in front of the main limbi¬ torical Society when found, is located at j ng a group of black walnut trees that were the northeast corner of the building. His j jelieved to be the only remains of the origi¬ reason for thinking so is that it is the nal forest extant in the city limits. In 1820 site which dignity and safety Would have two rows of linden trees were planted on the suggested in view of the approaches to Chestnut street front, and in 1834 these were the Mint and the inside arrangements fine trees, but they soon after decayed. The for mechanical purposes. belief that the fine elm in the Dundas ground. Broad and Walnut streets, is co¬ eval with the settlement of the city is a mistake. In 1S30 this was Vauxhall Garden, Sr a rather rowdy pleasure resort, extending toi Juniper street and at the time all the trees- From, were small. In fact, the first settlers made short work of the near-by timber. It was wanted for building purposes’ and fuel. Old Nixon asserted that in 1795 there were very c¥HU^J'.Cfi few trees west of Tenth street. All that region was known as the “Commons,” and covered with short grass that made excel¬ lent sheep pasture. Mtss Nancy Grier, who Date, .2.0, /l?/ died in 1850, told Thompson Westeott that as late as 1800 she and her brother tended a flock of sheep on the open grounds about Eleventh and Race streets, and watered them at a small pond near Tenth and Arch streets, and this was one of the sources of Dock creek. LANDMARKS OF THE The building at Dock and Pear streets was built by Morris, the brewer, in 1743, who moved from Front and Walnut streets. The OLD PHILADELPHIA selection of this site for his brewery was due to the abundance of water in the vicin¬ OBLITERATION OF THEM CONTINUED ity. On the grounds was a spring of iron water. Until it was cut off by building ope¬ UNTIL. FEW REMAIN. rations. the place was still to be seen a few i years since, - when after a rain it made a feeble effort to resume, but soon shrank away. TRADITION MUST TELL THEIR TSLE Among our municipal buildings the Pine street end of the Second Street Market is j W here the Little That Remains of Old the oldest, as it was built in 1743, and was in old times a rendezvous for the night Philadelphia Can he Seen—The Alter¬ watch. ations in the Old State IIouse-Recol- lectlons of Wall Elbow-The Oldest Most of the buildings west of Sixth street i Business Property on Chestnut Street date from the beginning of the century. In 1800 William Sansom, an enterprising is the Custom House. Quaker, built the houses from Seventh to Eighth on what is now Sansom street—then I George. They were nearly destroyed by s fire before belli?; finished, and were rebuilt hospifaTat Sjfish Hill, "aruTTn one case a girl The land wap part of Morris’ Folly, and was forgotten and left in the cart all night, some of the materials were part of Morris’ and was dead in the morning. There was abortive Palace. no organization, only individual effort; nor In 1S02 Saiisom put up the fine old block does even among the doctors seem to have known as - York" buildings, on the south been any idea that bad sewage and bad side of Walnut, from Seventh to Eighth water had anything to do with It. streets. Curiously enough, the principal ob- Butchers and tanners threw tlielr offal jection to them was their remoteness from and scraps into the street. In laying water the business; portion of the eitv. At this pipe on Race, above Fifth, some years ago, time paving stopped at Sixth street, and i the' workman struck a deposit of cattle " nlnut street west was merely a country 1 horns that gave them much, trouble, and itf road. I was remembered that an old-time butcher! of tlie old houses on Chestnut street not named Slierer had used the street for his one remains.!.The oldest business property dumping ground. So, upon the whole, life I “f taF,t of the United States Bank, now the is better worth living in these modern days! Custom House. It was begun 1819 and fin¬ than in those halcyon times when there wasj ished^ 1S24. How ignoble and peddling are [ no “Public Building Commission" and peo-; the disaster^ of our modern banks icompared pie were not warned by the police to boil' 10 the downfall of this institution in 1837. the water. —^ There was not a trader from Maine to Mis¬ sissippi that .was not connected with or con- /“STOKE ACRE” IN GOD’S ACRE iroiled py 11®and its credit in London and Amsterdam was unimpeached, but it went i Bodies Buried In One Section of a down in a. cataclysm of ruin—unexampled in Cemetery All Seem to Turn to Stone. tlie financial history of the world. At this time tlie puolie debt was $3,308,124.07, hav¬ Out in the American Mechanics’ Cemetery ing arisen to' that from $37,513.05 in 1835. there is a certain plot of ground known as It is about forty years since the ancient “stone acre.” It isn’t as large as an acre, Butler mansion vanished from the north¬ but the reason for the first word in the title west corner of Eighth and Chestnut. Time readily appears when it is known that bodies had mellowed the old bricks to a reddish buried in this particular plot of ground will gray, and amid the tide and rush of traffic turn to solid stone in less than eighteen it stood -restful and serene, and the two old months. What has revived interest in the' ladies who lived there were equally relies of story is the discovery in December of last! times gone by. Their lives were spent In year of three little children, two of whom an atmosphere of social diplomacy. From had been almost entirely and one partially adjoining rooms they addressed each other petrified. They had been under ground for [in sealed notes written! in the most courtly less than a year. | Phrase, ending in “accept, dear sipter, the The cemetery is divided and subdivided | consideration of my loving respect and re¬ into divisions, sections, lots and graves.' gard.” Theti- nephew inherited the prop¬ “Stone acre” comprises section 17 of divi¬ erty and was obliged to sell it to pay cer¬ sion B ground on the slope of the hill rising 1 tain play dents. A friend remarked to him: toward Twenty-second street and near the “Fierce, I would never have sold that bottom of that slope. In this isolated plot house.” for reasons explicable by the nature of the ‘‘Neither should I, if I could have had four soil underneath it occurs this remarkably kings instead of two." rapid petrification of human tissue. The late John Bels'terling was a local an¬ Five years ago a woman, 27 years old, by tiquarian of the first class, and he long med¬ the name of Emma Bantley, was buried in itated on compiling an itinerary of our division B, section 27, lot 23 and grave 8. streets. He once asked a newspaper writer On October 31, 1895, orders came to Charles, who affectecK a wide knowledge of the old W. Reel, the efficient superintendent of the! city, “Where is Wall's Elbow?” The man ! had never heard of it. wished the body removed to Hillside Ceme¬ “And your mother was born within a tery. As usual the superintendent sent square of it.” down two men to dig out the coffin. An hour j Wall’s Elbow is a little street running off later he and another man went to the plot i New Market street, between Pegg and to help lift out the body. The ropes were fastened, the four men started to haul, but Noble. There is not in tlie city an older the coffin refused to even budge. Now the or quainter thoroughfare. The Elbow is very superintendent, who by practice can carry distinct. The local explanation is that it the details of burials for years back in his was laid out Fourth of July when everybody head, did not remember that the corpse bad was drunk. Wall’s wharf was just east of been particularly heavy at the burial, two years and a half before, but when further it, on tlie Delaware, and Emanuel Wall was efforts proved unavailing, the windlass an old-time merchant. which they had thought they would not need, was brought down. And then it was If there are any who think that our all four men could do to haul up the coffin, municipal government would do well to re¬ it was found to weigh 850 pounds. turn to flirt primitive simplicity of early ! Although the men were curious about the ^affair they could not open the casket, and days they lmd better read tlie records of i thej would not have found, out the reason those times. While our city councillors (for a certainty had not the casket been then were honest enough to refuse to pay opened at Hillside Cemetery. Then it was $7 for renovating the State House pump, t discovered that every part of the woman’s in times of trial they were neither resource¬ body had been turned to a hard limestone resembling a light gray chalk in color. Doe ful nor self-reliant. In Barbara Drinker’s tors pronounced this petrification the rnosl Diary is told the story of the “Yellow complete and the quickest ever known com- Fever Visitation of 1703.” Men and women ing from a Philadelphia cemetery. lay dead on the street for a day, while J his was enough to give this particular dead bodies were cast over the wall at the section its name, a name curiously justified on November 29 of last year. On that day Quaker burying ground at Fourth and Arch Benjamin F. Woodhouso, Jr.. Samuel Wood- at night. The overseers of the poor re¬ house and Eva Woodhouse. three little chil¬ fused to pay $4 for hauling the sick to the dren who had died together and who had been buried >n the cemtery the year before, 55 TEe Ptne street market house is one of the most picturesque landmarks of the old Vf buried to Quaker City. It is fragrant with an air of division B, section 97 IaV 171 le r^as in colonial days, and is typical of a class of H. This was not thirty feet from tho fm and I Srav<> of Emma Bantley tbe formel’ which "bn "hlCh ,W6re once common, but vinch hate now almost entirely disappeared oo^f wereP1takei ort**?, the threo from the streets of this city. For se-verm opened, and the bodies of thn\ tlley were found to be stone with the tVneSe?°y8 7ere fho«tni't 0iT8 the buiIfl!ng fi«s presented to stomach portion, while 1 be ]m 0f the Waln, r nmgS0Uthil]0n" 8e<'0n<1 «ftcct from less and head had been petrified^sL™8' \aluut, a Mew of uncommon quaintness tendent Reel and i-ii <7 npa' s"Perin- rvuger thft when the LTbodr-V Tl llufc' to | any rtSfc!*”"* * *•"»*■* *“ *»*• or To-day the old colonial building can lustiv sanie* fitle. aCre'’ 11 ™ Z be regarded as a monument to ?h0 past on the1 boSdiesflfesthin the'f olf™'icaI action glories of tbe city of William Penn's tfme particular part of the con'v tbaVn this and particularly of the old-fashioned neigh! probably an underground iff er^ tllere is I borhood in which it stands, a re-ion now is an underground^nr/na- tEo sprinf There gone almost to seed, but once of grhat h™ I the bottom of the hill sionl T,11 iino'v’ at | toiical and social importance. Pme anriner is shown bv VhITL' , ^ bat it is a tills point also is a stiA *-"’p cases. At j +lBur.1?g thf revolution the neighborhood of thick This in eeolosan<1 fifteen feef the old market house was the ultra fashion¬ of a former stream It f,.?.£n?sT .the bed able quarter of the city. Of into “*on and disappears further up thpS«ilT!' inT(t‘Ptb . tbe sand is clav whiV«h o,-« s^°pc. Under 'ly oile tUe. 01(1 market houses that'’once d°tted tb<: Clty m various sections have been so.? where the sand stops “in tLthe 8nr- soil occurs “stone acre ”P ti,1 rthis sandy 1 rem°ved to make way for modern improve, permeates the sand and not.u« J,lme spring ments, until the busy housewives of to-day | caused by the chemioni A/ du'.'ition ensues are much better acquainted with the corner into carbonate of lime ange tissues green groceries and the familiar cry of the Innumerable hucksters than they are with the old-fashioned street markets that were fifty years ago most Important to the wel fare of the community, and it is probable that the principal patrons at present of the o d Second street market, which was once visited regularly every Wednesday and Sat urday morning by tbe good dames of many of the leading families of the city, are the Italians, Hungarians, Poles, Russians and ^hTblrt10 re*iclf ln tbe neighborhood.' The history of the old Second street mar¬ Date, 'farJ-SZ y/ ket house can be traced back to 17-17 when JM'as erected, and ever since then it has been in continuous use as a market. It r«r the oldest existing market in the city, and about its quaint architecture lingers a' thou- sand memories of early colonial days ' It was originally called the Irish market, and ANOTHER ran from Pine to Lombard street, but after its extension to South street the name was changed, and it was christened the New mar- LANDMARKS DANGER o Later 011 14 tooli ,ts present name of bouth .Second street market to distinguish 1 it from North Second street market, which ! IT IS PROPOSEi TO TEAR DOWN OLD was the next structure of the kind to be built. The old Second street market lias I SOUTH SECOND STREET MARKET. always been a famous market. That is to ' saj, a market where the consumers pur¬ chase directly from the producer. For years WAS BUILT IN PENN’S TIME truckers from the Neck and many farmers from New Jersey have had stalls in the old sbeds,_ and not a few of those stalls i,„,. The Stalls in the Market Have Been |,Deen rented by tbe same family for several jgenerations. The sight that these country Occupied by the Same Families of people present is well worth viewing now- Farmers for Generations — How the a ays. Many of the farmers’ wives come to market and help tend stall. They are a Public Fairs Were Formerly Hold—The buxom, well fed, healthy looking set, who, History of the Old Structure Since Its when not waiting on a customer, sit with Erection In 1747. solemn countenance within their stalls kmt- nng or sewing and exchanging chit-chat with each other in a most confidential man- The proposition made by Chief Eisen¬ ncr that could cnly be inspired by long years hower, of the Bureau of City Property, to or friendship. tear down the old market houses on Second When one of them was asked the other day how long she had been coming to market she street has not been favorably received by those interested In these old landmarks, and f.tth16d: "For uearly fifty years, and my it is believed that any plan for the removal before'm^l'“ndfatller aUd sreat'Sraudfathe'r of the low of sheds that stretches from doubt then you have seen manv 1 ine street south, or that contemplates the demolition of the quaint old colonial brick ufes iu tbe 0,d market during your day?” was the next question. market house, will meet with opposition.' “Oh. yes, sir, that I have. Many of the -time customs and regulations In force % ■ THE OLD SECOND STREET MARKET HOUSE I that were once uem during my time have long since been abol- relatei to the fairs These fairs ished. Among others, the confiscation of there before the revolution, butter for light weight. The custom was were a sort of general town jollification. done away with when it was determined that They were held twice a year, in May and in many cases there was no intentional November, and lasted for three days. A fraud on the part of the owner or seller of great amount of ceremony Was always ob¬ the butter, and then the clerk of the mar¬ served in the opening of the festival. When ket, as he was called—and how we used to the time arrived a messenger was sent to stand in awe of him—frequently took an un¬ the market house by the Mayor. After as¬ due advantage of his privilege, which led to cending a raised platform the herald, with weekly disputes and much trouble.” much dignity, issued the following proclama- The prominent feature of the quaint old “O yoz1 now be it known that silence is checkerboard red and black brick building commanded while the Fair is proclaimed, facing North Second street is the clock upon pain of punishment: O! know ye a i tower. In the belfry hangs the old bell men that his Honor, the Mayor of Philadel¬ which was originally rung upon market days phia, doth hereby, in the King’s name, and holidays, but which has long ceased to strictly charge and command all persons clamor. In the building beneath the clock trading and negotiating within the Fair to the members of the old Hope Hose Company, keep the King’s peace, and that no person which during the Volunteer Fire Depart¬ presume to set up any booth or stall tor the ment days was an institution in the city, vending of strong liquor within the hair, have for many years found shelter and held that none carry any unlawful weapon, or their meetings. One of the most curious gallop or strain horses within the built-up traditions in connection with the old market " \r! ’ ■ bv'l^V'!?’ aiKl if auy P^son be Hurt 03 another let him repair to the Mayor here I present. Now know ye, I proclaim this hair opened, God save the King.” During the fair the stalls in the market were fancifully decorated and inclosed With j well-made patchwork coverlets. Not only food, but every variety of dry goods, rnll- imeij, cakes, toys and confectionery could be purchased from them. From morning until night the aisles of the market were thronged with a crowd of merrymakers, who endeavored to make all the noise possible by blowing on trumpets hautboys and whistles. These fairs were kept up regularly until 1787, when for some reason they were discontinued by an act of the Legislature. In connection with the old Second street market it Is Interesting to know‘that the fnr8p“t,te1mPt, 1° bave a Public market house in 1 liiladelphia was 115 years ago, or one year after the arrival of William Penn. The place designated by the founder for ;h® firf publlc market for the infant colony was at Front and High streets. At that S/f-d 111 t?e Wstory of tile colony Philadelphia was but a village and Market sheet went under the name of High street hie6 butchers bullt a number of small mova¬ ble stalls, which answered the needs of the One Hundred and Fifty-six Years town for ten years. In 1602 the stalls were of Usefulness of the Institution V«rWW*8tWfrd t0 "'hat is now Second and Market stieets, and a bell was provided to i proclaim to the honest Friends the hour of Known as Blockley. 1 the opening of the market. , At the same time some peculiar regulations I were adopted by the colony for the regula¬ tion of their market. Sales of eatables were to be made at tlie market house and ANNIVERSARY NEXT MONTH. 1 The nmrl-if’1Und6r & penalty of forfeiture. The maiket days were limited to Wednes¬ days and Saturdays. No selling was allowed m the market until the bell rang, whicT n hi’tracts from the Early Medical His¬ summer was between 6 and 7 A M. and in winter between 8 and 9 A. M. All sales made tory of the First Home of the before the bell rang, except to the Governor a d Lieutenant Governor, were forfeited Sick and Indigent. In addition to these stringent rules every¬ body was forbidden to buy or even m-loFTF “ -as beingyt°arkene?oPJhCeemar: ket, and the hucksters, who were nnmm*r» THE FIRST FEMALE PHYSICIAN. Great Progress Made in Recent Years in Humanely Caring for the flist market house under a roof was built Ihe structure was placed on High street be Insane Poor. tween Second and Third streets Tt ’ Ue" built on a series of arches, supported "by brick pillars. The niarueWtTOr contained m the basement, while the upper stories were devoted to public use. That great monument of man’s humanity For twenty-five years, or until the erection to man, the Philadelphia Hospital, will of Independence Hall, this building served next month enter upon the one hundred as market house, Court House, State House town hall, and was the seat of the Legisla¬ i arid- sixty-sewenth year of its existence. ture and Municipal Council. Unfortunately the earliest records of this, Hie era of market sheds or street markets I the oldest institution of its kind upon the began about the time Independence Hall was built, and continued to be the only markets I American Continent, were not preserved, in the city for about 125 years. These mar¬ | and in spite of the researches of those who ket sheds were all built, owned and rented to dealers by the city. The first .shed was built have Striven to complete the medical his¬ in llie centre of Market street between Sec¬ tory of our city, the precise date upon ond and Third streets, and bv 1S8-1 it had been extended westward as far as Seven¬ which the hospital and almshouse was teenth street. It has now been forty years opened to the sick and indigent is a matter [ since the last market was torn.down. ' of conjecture. Most historians fix the date as April, 1742, but others maintain V .hat it was of even earlier date, although there are no records to bear this out. Hospital, In the spring of 1742 the Philadelphia expand and improve as^ tte /.ffmoTcl Almshouse was fulfilling a varied routine ^benTvolencis medical expertness, and of beneficent functions in affording shelter and support to the poor and indigent, a hospital for the sick and an asylum for the I Insane and the orphan. The first location Sv off thta iSuttan. The recordsc9how | of the institution was on the square that such bromment mOTr shPip. bounded by Spruce, Pine, Second, and W‘ n; Cutatatag Dr- Samuel Clements, Third streets, the locality there being pen, Dr. humming. William Boyce, called the Green Meadows. After many years of usefulness the tax upon its capac¬ ity became so great that more ample pro¬ vision was made for the institution on the square bounded by Spruce, Pine, Eleventh, country ?T‘le, p, *he Philadelphia Hospital and Twelfth streets. This spot was nia Hospital, but tne , established known as the Society Grounds. Years later claims the distinction of having the institution took another westward the first obstetrical clinic. move to its present location on the west • IN r'V°irGTItaeA Crunch of Safety, side of the Schuylkill River. When the • ™i Wharton, almshouse first began dispensing its acts of mercy Pennsylvania was yet a province, and her inhabitants the loyal subjects of wh° were quite si k S hmQnth the Coun- Great Britain, nearly a quarter of a cen¬ tury before a school of medicine was founded in this city. Neither record nor ney to take military possession of the A1 tradition can be relied upon to furnish the house for the sick soldiex^ names of the earliest physicians who were in attendance at the institution. It is the h he ^use was known that in 1768, and probably much devoted 'alrtufs^exclusively to the sick mem- earlier. Dr. Cadwallader Evans and Dr. wa?6in , The second grave is marked by a tah- The sexton of old St. Peter’s Church, | ! let resting flush with the earth and in¬ at the corner of Third and Pine: scribed:— Streets, shakes his puzzled head over "Sacred to the memory of Commodore j two inscriptions in the ancient grave- Stephen Decatur, U. S. Navy. Died 1808 I yard. They are in two separate places; in the 57th year of his age. And in mem¬ I they cover two separate graves, and yet. ory; of his wife, Ann, died 1812.” to all intents and purposes the same A rapid calculation in mental arith¬ body lies under each stone, for the metic discloses the fact that some mis¬ name on each one reads, “Commodore take has been made by some one. The Stephen Decatur.” shaft dates the life of the commodore Men have been buried alive; men have from 1779; the tablet from 1751; the one 1 sometimes changed their last resting permits him to live until 1820, the other j place in a progressive dead march until cuts off his years with the date of 1808. lit became a matter of dispute which “How is this?” I asked the sexton. He l place was the last, but has any record only shook his head. The matter was ! yet told of the same man’s burial in beyond his ken. He ventured a sugges¬ two places at the same time? tion about mistakes in dates—but that i How has it happened? How can it is practically impossible. Tombstones do j be? The sexton shakes his head and not lie. j answers you nothing'. The gravedigger Small wonder that he who passes ! is long since in one of the pits which he through that city of the dead, even in ! dug for others. The records of St. broad daylight, should look askance at 1 Peter's are fastened with the clasp of those two stones, and hasten his step silence. There is only the lettered mar¬ at the mere thought of what they may ble to witness this mystery of the old hide! burying ground. If it were not that a descendant of A plain shaft on a square base re¬ Commodore Stephen Decatur is living in cords the prominent achievements of Philadelphia to-day, the mystery of St. Commodore Stephen Decatur. On the Peter’s would still be unsolved. As It face which it turns toward the beaten is, Mrs. Edward Shippen holds the key path are the words:— to the Inscriptions on those two stones, j in,., _ -- j There were four, Commodore Stephen Decaturs, she says, No. 1, was a lleuten- stands bv his father’s grave. He was born in Maryland, but bred in Philadel¬ phia, and Bordentown, N. J. At the pres¬ ent day the house where Decatur at¬ tended school in Bordentown is used by Levi Davis as an inn. Stephen, No. 3, first distinguished him¬ self in 1804, when a lieutenant, by de¬ stroying the United States irrigate "Phil¬ adelphia,” which had run upon a rock in the harbor of Tripoli, and, by reason of this plight, fallen into the hands of the enemv. His brave rush through the enemies lines now won him the office of captain as well as the title of the “Tri¬ poli Decatur,” by which name he is still designated in the Shippen family. Throughout the war of 1812, Stephen Decatur bore himself bravely and well. Had he died the death of a soldier rather than that of a duelist, he would have added more lustre to his name. But the best of metal tarnishes with time. Early in the war of 1812, Decatur had superseded Commodore Barrow, in com¬ mand of the Chesapeake. From that time on an enmity was established be¬ tween them, which years only served to intensify. It culminated in their meet¬ ing with pistols. On a raw, chilly morning, in March, j 1820, these men who had fought side j by side for glory and for their country . confronted each other as enemies on the I field of Bladenburg. Each fired at the same instant, and each received the ball of his opponent. Decatur soon died, |, and his body was brought to his home j in Washington. How or why he was , buried in old St. Peter's ground, history i does not tell. i But there he lies, side by side with | his commodore father, whose fame was ;L so overshadowed by his son’s that he was j clean forgot, and not even allowed the j honor of having a grave stone disasso¬ ciated from the monument to Stephen 1 the third. Thus endeth the mystery of St. Peter s. Date, /t. f I THE DOCUMENT ITSELF. _ ">« VlVS^Ul»»*'LA — -—, - ORIGINAL DECLARATION OF INDEPEND¬ ant in the French Navy, and came to this country in about the year 1747. From ENCE IN THIS CITY. this naval officer. Mrs. Shippen traces her direct descent. Commodore, No. 2, ■was the one whose body rests in old In the Possession of the American Philo¬ St. Peter's, under the tablet. He mar¬ sophical Society—In Jeffersj .s Own ried Anna Pine, whose name on the inscription confirms the truth of the Handwriting. statement that this is his burial place. Their son, Commodore Stephen Decatur. No. 3, was the man whose name lives A careful research among the archives now in the heart of the nation, and is of the American Philosophical Society of cut deep on the marble monument that this city has_brought to light the original I copy of the Declaration of Iridepenaenea | as written by Jefferson, in his own hand- ; writing, amended by the committee of ! which he was chairman, presented to Con¬ gress on June 28, 1776, and adopted July 4. Dr. J. M. Hays, Librarian of the society, has for soma time been making a careful investigation of the history of the paper, ; From, CL*AJames Madison at his request, and it palms and flowering plants and the front is now in the possession of the Govern¬ of the platform on which the speakers, ment. The formal Declaration, to which the educational representatives and school signatures were attached, is now m Wash- children were seated was a perfect mass ington in the Department of State. It was brought to this city Centennial year 1 of bloom which formed a most pleasing and was exhibited in Independence Hall setting to the pretty faces of the children in a large safe with a heavy plate glass door. forming the background. The society’s document is on four pages Controller R. S. Walton presided,made of foolscap, written on both sides, and is the opening remarks and introduced the now enclosed between glass plates. The writing is small and beautifully plain, and speakers. The children under the direc¬ is entirely legible, except where the paper tion of Professor Pearson, did the singing had been folded for filing. It has been photographed by Julius Sachse, of the and did it splendidly. They sang as society, and will be reproduced. though their hearts were in the music. A considerable discussion ensued over a lithographed copy of the report in posses¬ The speakers were .Samuel B. Huey, Dr. sion of the society, which does not en¬ Edward Brooks, Dr. James W. Mac Alis- tirely correspond with the one above ter, Mr. Paul J. Kavanaugh, Henry S. spoken of. Mr. Hays said the original of the lithograph was in possession of the Edmunds, Esq., and Councilman Joseph Department of State. Ex-United States M. Adams. Senator Edmunds said he had never seen it there, and on his motion Mr. Hays was The historical address which follows Instructed to go to Washington and ask was read by the Supervising Principal, Secretary Sherman to let him see it, so that he could compare it with the litho¬ Mrs. Emma V. Thomas, and delivered in graph. such excellent style as to elicit frequent There was considerable discussion about a copy which had been sent to the Univer¬ and liberal applause. sity of Virginia, which was thrown out of The present teaching corps of the the window in a trunk full of Lee papers when the building was burned down In school in addition to the Principal are: 1895. It is not known whether it was pre¬ served, nor what particular copy it was Misses Emma Wollencten, M. Marion original Tot, while Wiljian: and Hannah Bell, Mary N. George, Carrie Schofield, E- Levering added 10 perches to the north Lillie Young, Minnie Heidinger, Joseph¬ side. The lot was thus enlarged, but the ine Jauney, G. Agnes Andrews, Emily building remained unchanged forsoyears. Woerner, Clara Janney, May E. Lackey, In it our forefathers learned the rudiments. Eula M Righter and J. Herbert Bowen. In 1798 or 99 a back building was added William King is chairman of the school to accommodate a resident teacher and his committee and to him as well as the family, while in the additional second- principal and teachers is due the credit story a female teacher instructed girls in for the success of the celebration. sewing and in other housewife accom¬ Historical Sketch. plishments Note that at this early date our ancestors aimed to educate the hand It will be remembered that the earliest as well as the head. Evidently our fore- settlers of Pennsylvania did not pass a fathers fe t as educators of today feel that j general law establishing common schools “ The riches of the common wealth in each township. As a result, many Are free strong minds and hearts of townships were without school advan¬ health tages. Roxhorough hail no school-house And more to her than gold or grain Is the cunning hand and the cultured nearer than Germantown and consequent¬ brain.” ly the education of her children was en¬ For many years, the trustees of Lever¬ trusted mainly to itinerant teachers ing School kept no records of their pro¬ whom the settlers were wont to employ 1 ceedings. The first entry on the minute a few months each winter. This system book being dated Oct. 13, 1804. From was indeed a poor one and William Lev¬ that time until January 19, 1839 the re¬ ering, a grandson of Wigard Levering, cords are complete but they record little the pioneer settler of Roxborough deter¬ I save the names of the different teachers mined to improve it. Accordingly April I ' and the length of their service. i, 1748, he and Hannah, his wife, con¬ In 1804, Abraham Levering the sole veyed 20 perches of land, to seven trustees | survivor of the original trustees conveyed for school purposes. This land was sup¬ his trust to Michael Righter, Christopher posed to be in the geographical centre Wunder, Christopher Ozias, John Hoff¬ of the townships and is a portion of the man, Michael Levering, Anthony Lever¬ lot on which the present building now ing, John Levering, Thomas Levering, stands. and twenty others, to hold upon the It may be interesting to this audience same uses and trust as he and his co¬ to hear the names of the original trustees : trustees had held them. Michael Righter, Peter Righter, Abraham These trustees served but a short time Levering, Wigard Levering, John Graber, for in 1821, the school was incorporated Daniel Bargendole, and John Houlgate. by the Supreme Court and the charter Many of these names arc familiar to Rox¬ provided that the trustees be elected by borough citizens, for direct decendants the patrons of the school. both of William Levering and the origi¬ After the incorporation of the Roxbor¬ nal trustees are withiu sound of my voice ough School a set of rules for its govern¬ this afternoon. Other descendants j ment was drawn up. Among them are answer present to the roll call of Levering the following : day after day. 1. Scholars must be at school at the It is not definitely known when the appointed hour, decent and clean, free first school-house was erected, but it is from every infectious disease ; the laiter supposed that the modest one-story on peril of dismission. stone building which for so long a time 2. From October 1, to April 1, the was the only place of learning in the school-house shall open at 9 A. M. and township was completed the same year, close at 12 M., and from i>£ to A'/z p- m- From April 1, to October 1, the hours When Roxborough increased in popula¬ shall be from 8 to 12 A. M. and from 2 to tion and the school increased in numbers to 5 P. M. the play-ground proved itself to be too 3. No conversation among the scholars small. Then Andrew and Elizabeth during school hours. Wood conveyed to these trustees, 10 4. All scholars shall enter the spelling perches of land on the south side of the class as soon as competent and spell when- —«*•. ever the class does. county providing for those who could not 5. The writing scholars who are not afford tuition fees. In 1840, while our ciphering must show their copy at least late friend Joseph H. Hoffman was prin¬ every fourth line or half copy and when cipal of the school, the distinction be¬ done writing shall bring them to the tween pay scholar and poor scholar was teacher. wiped away. Then our free schools sup¬ 6. The arithmeticians shall bring up plemented our free men, and merit be¬ their slates at least twice a day, viz : came the only ground of distinction. morning and afternoon whether their As the old school-house was the only questions are solved or not. public building in the neighborhood, it 7- The scholars must not go about the was used both for civil and religious pur¬ house, but keep their seats and attend to poses. When prior to 1776, the British their respective studies. flag floated o’er our land, British subjects 8. Trafficking, gaming, swearing, ly¬ met within its walls’and discussed politi¬ ing, quarreling, fighting, wrestling, box¬ cal affairs. When in 1776 war was de¬ ing, and every other kind of athletic clared and the Roxborough soldiers were practice must be carefully guarded summoned to join the Continental Army, against. citizens gathered in the old school-house Such were a few of the rules by which and methinks the very walls re-echoed our Roxborough School was governed. the words of independence which, please Were they obeyed or were they dis¬ God, can never die. obeyed ? That is the question. In re¬ The Roxborough School House was a sponse to this query the late senator H. place of prayer. The Baptist Church G. Jones, to whom we are indebted for whose stately edifice almost faces us had most of the facts here given and whose its birth and for some time its home with recollection dated from 1830 to 1835 re¬ -- AWAUUIUUgU plied thus : —“ The usual school traffic Lyceum held its weekly sessions in the prevailed. As to fighting and wrestling, same place. When in May 1854, the Ly¬ tliere was enough of both, especially dur¬ ceum was incorporated the 3rd section of ing the winter months when the appren¬ the act of April 17, 1846 was repeated tices and big boys crowded in for their and the Trustees of the Roxborough Ly¬ schooling. Then it was that Manayunk ceum were authorized to act as Trustee of boys arrayed themselves against Roxbor- the Roxborough School. ough boys; up-road boys against down- road boys, and the battles waged in earn¬ The Lyceum needed a hall and Roxbor¬ est. Yes, the battles waged even though ough needed a new school building, the trees o’erhead suggested switches for hence it was proposed to erect one build- the master’s use.” to answer both pur¬ poses, buTthe project was defeated. The According to the charter of 1821, the elements however, decided in favor of a trustees were to be elected by the patrons new school building. A furious tornado of the school, but any patron forfeited his passed through Roxborough April 12 piivilege of voting when he sent his 1856, unroofed the old house and made children to anyother institution than the action necessary. Whereupon February Roxborough School for instruction in any r3> 1857 an act of assembly was obtained branches taught within it. When we re¬ vesting the school house and property in member that at this time a single teacher the City of Philadelphia, to hold in trust taught from A. B. C. to Latin and Greek, forever for the same purposes on which it we will not wonder that the majority of was originally held. patrons forfeited their vote and legislative 1 A new building was at once erected. action became necessary. Whereupon Who does not remember, the building of by Action of Assembly, April 17, 1846, 1S57 ? The building which was torn the school directors of Roxborough town¬ dowu but a few years ago to make room ship were authorized and empowered to for the present structure. perform all the duties heretofore per¬ nf'' j0 the heart are the scenes formed by the Trustees of the Roxborough of myH °Ziichildhood.eur School. When fond recollection presents them to view. Prior to 1840, the teacher was paid by parents or guardians of the children, the And methinks none are dearer than the old school with the giant elm in front whose roots stretched half way across the I pavement. to whom reference has been made. The school building of 1857 was suffici¬ The present Principal elected Septem¬ ent for the needs of Levering students ber 24, 1886 has aimed to make the motto until 1873. Then under the efficient care of Levering “On and On” on into broad¬ of Frank Boutcher, the school rapidly in¬ er intellectual pathways, into higher creased in numbers. The partition walls emotional planes, reaching after the reali¬ were re-arranged and the building was zation of the infinite possibilities implant¬ made to accommodate six instead of four ed by the Divine. True she has never teachers. Yet the cry “more room” con¬ attained, even touched her ideal, yet if tinued and Lyceum Hall opened its doors any degree of success has crowned her and accommodated two additional teach¬ efforts it is due to a corps of assistants of ers. Next came the transfer of three div- whom any principal might be proud aud isions from Levering to fill up the new to a chairman and committee devoted to Fairview building. Mr. Boutcher, dis¬ the interests of the dear old school. This couraged at the depletion of the school, being the 25th year of Mr. Wm. Ring’s relaxed his hitherto untiring efforts. service as chairman In union there is Shortly after, his health failed and under strength and the united efforts of Princi- j a reign of substitutes, Levering suffered. pal and Assistants have been reenforced It was the work of Mary F. Garner elected by the hearty cooperation of the Superin¬ Principal June r, 1883, to again start tendent’s Office, the Local Board of Di¬ Levering on its upward career. Faith¬ rectors, the Board of Education and our I fully she labored until health failed, yet representatives in Council. though gathered to her fathers, her works Of late the school has increased rapidly do follow her. in numbers. In 1089, a four division While refereing to Mr. Boutcher and brick building was added and on Friday Miss Garner it seems but fitting to mention March 20, 1896 the school assembled in a few of the many ex-teachers of Lever¬ this new building for the first time, the opening exercise being held on May 27th. ing. It is not definitely known who the And what a building it is. It speaks 1st teacher was, but the first reliable in for itself and it tells too in language formation clusters about Mafhias Maris, quaint yet true of the special efforts of a nephew ot Wm. Levering. Time for- Messrs Paul Kavanagh, Joseph M. Adams and Wm. Ring. bids our enumerating many of his sue- God grant that this new building be | cessors, yet we would pause at the name not given in vain, God grant that of Curtis Gilbert, the 1st minister of the teachers und pupils prove worthy of this Roxborough Baptist Church and at the great trust, not only* worthy but able to ! use it well. And what should be the re¬ name of J. H. Hoffman, to whom we have sult. A nobler manhood, a richer wom¬ previously referred. Quite a number in anhood. Boys, be manly boys! The this audience recall with affecticn Edw. world is marching onward and it needs Poole, a highly educated man and cer¬ men. Girls, be womanly girls! The world needs women. tainly a very busy one for, while teaching “Men and women fitted to match the the A, B, C’s, he organized a class in mountains of this great Republic. Latin and Greek, in surveying and high¬ And not creep dwarfed and abased be¬ low them.” er mathematics. During Mr. Poole’s time Be true to your better selves. the Roxborough Volunteers used the se- “To thine own self be true ond story room as their armory and diill And thou cans’t not then room, often drilling in the yard, while Be false to any man.” the pupils looked out of the window. Thus will our homes be protected our nation be preserved, for “the purity of Following Mr. Poole came Henry the American people is the rock of her Tshudy, John Omensetter, John C, Huc- political safety.” kins. In 1847 tbe name Levering School was ) given to the old Roxborough School, and \) in 1864 the Levering Unclassified School From, < became the I .evering Consolid ated School. The following year, 1S65, Moses Pierce 1 was elected Principal He was succeeded - f by Edw. Latch, who in turn was followed by Frank Boutcher and Mary F. Garner, Date voyage 61 the Welsh company from their native country and their settlement in Gwynedd that at this time is on record, and from this fact as well as others it is inferred that he was the best educated of these Welsh yeomen. It is also re¬ corded that Edward Foulke was a good singer, and companies of his friends gath¬ PUIS PROGRESS ered at his home in his native land on Sundays to hear him sing together with others of a musical turn who joined him. A careful and thorough collection of these historical facts concerning these early Descendants of Welsh Set¬ settlers has been made by Howard M. Jenkins, of Gwynedd, one of the descend¬ tlers to Have a Big ants of Edward Foulke, and chairman of the Executive Committee of the reunion.1 He is a member of the Gwynedd meeting, Celebration which Edward Foulke helped to organize.1 The account of this removal was written in Welsh and was translated into Eng¬ lish by his grandson, Samuel Foulke, of THE FOUNDER’S RECORD Richland, who was a member of the Colon¬ ial Assembly. This account begins with a genealogical record of Edward Foulke, in which lie. traces^, his lineage direct to Extracts From the Family His¬ tory of Edward Foulke, Who Came to America in 1698 At the close of two hundred years af¬ ter the arrival of Edward and Eleanor iFoulke with their children in this eoun- | try the descendants of their family are jarranging a reunion which promises to ; challenge wide-spread attention and bring together hundreds of their descendants from all over the United States,, including those who do and those who do not bear the family name. Scores of representa¬ tives of various branches of the family have expressed their great interest in the forthcoming reunion, and it is expected that members residing as far west as the Pacific coast will be in attendance. 'Gwynedd township, near the present Penllyn station, on the Reading Railway; was the location selected by Edward .a oulke for his home, and the reunion as ar¬ ranged will be held in the township at the old Friends’ Meeting House located a {short distance from Gwynedd station, HOWARD M. JENKINS, and m which Edward Foulke was in his Chairman of Committee, time much interested. Such a location is considered eminently fitting for the gath- jRmd Flaidd, Lord of Penllyn, a promi- eiiBg of the family. Some of the descend* Inent personage in Welsh history. ants ot the Foulkes are still connected “I was born,” be wrote, “on the thir¬ with the^ Gwynedd Meeting, the house of teenth of fifth month, 1651, and when which stands on the same location as j arrived at mature age I man’ied Eleanor, that occupied by the first meeting house, j the daughter of Hugh ap Cadwallader,” located there several years after the arri- continuing with a record of her ancestry, va‘°* comPany of settlers of according to the Welsh manner of record¬ which the Foulkes formed a part. May ing it. Further he states that he had nine 30 has been selected as the date of this children—Thomas, Hugh, Cadwallader bi-centennial celebration. It will be fol¬ and Evan; Grace, Gwen, Jane, Catherine lowed on the next day by a celebration of and Margaret. They lived at a place the bi-centennial of the settling of Gwy¬ called Coed-v-foel, a beautiful farm be¬ nedd township. longing to Roger Price, of Rhiwak, Mer- THE FOUNDER. ionshire. . Edward Foulke laid the foundations for ELEVEN WEEKS AT SEA. just such an event as is to take plaee “But in process of time,” he wrote, “I four years after the arrival of the had an inclination to remove with my settlers m Gwynedd, on the “fourteenth ■ family to the province of Pennsylvania, day of the eleventh month.” At that time ’ and in order thereto we set out on the January A. D„ , he wrote an ac- 1702 third day of the second month, A. D. 1698, count oi his migration as well as a record and came in two days to Liverpool, where, j of lus ancestry This forms the only ex- with divers others who intended to go the I plicit relation of the facts surrounding the voyage, we took shipping, the 17 th of the | same montn, on Bfiafci tne Robert and Judah' Foul Re, gentiemSh, ■ Keeper of thd Elizabeth, and the next day set sail for: standards of brass for weights and meas-f Ireland, where we arrived and staid until, ures for the county of Philadelphia.” the first of the third month, May, and John Foulke, son of Judah Foulke, be-j then sailed again for Pennsylvania, and came one of Philadelphia’s leading physi¬ were about eleven weeks at sea.” cians during Revolutionary times. He On the voyage it is told by him that a was one of the first elected members of plague broke out on the ship, from which the College of Physicians, and was also forty-five persons died, but his family made a member of the American Philoj was spai’ed from loss and all arrived safe¬ sophical Society in 1784 and in 1786 ly at Philadelphia on the seventeenth of became one of its secretaries. He con-' the fifth month (July), where they were ducted a private medi«al school at his kindly received and hospitably entertained home. During his various labors he camel by friends and old acquaintances. These into close contact with Benjamin ~Frank- were undoubtedly Welsh settlers in the lin and the prominent men of his time. country suroiynding Philadelphia, who Coming to more recent times, William had previously emigrated to America. Parker Foulke, a grandson of Dr. John In concluding he states that he soon Foulke, was prominently identified with purchased 700 acres of land about 16 many leading enterprises of a philanthrop¬ miles from Philadelphia, on a part of ic and educational character. An ardent which he settled, and others of the com¬ worker in the interests of the betterment pany which came across the sea with his of prison conditions in this State, his ef¬ family settled near them. This was the forts with those of one or two others bore beginning of November, 1698, and the fruit in an act of the State Legislature in township was called Gwynedd, or North 1860. Among other things in which he Wales. was interested was the Pennsylvania Edward Foulke died in 1739 or ’41, Colonization Society. He was promoter ' accounts differing. One authority states of the Hayes Arctic expedition, in recog¬ ! that he was 88 years and 5 months old nition of which the winter harbor of the when his life ended. His wife, Eleanor, explorers, in North Greenland, hears the ! died in 1733. name Port Foulke, and he was one of the Sally Wister, of revolutionary renown, three earliest promoters of the Academy ' made the old stone house on the Foulke of Music. He died in 1865. In another branch of the family sev¬ eral were representatives to the Provin¬ cial Assembly, and later to the State Leg¬ islature. In the meetings of the Friends they have taken prominent places, and in the present generation there are many promi¬ nent members of the family. Details for the reunion and eelehration are rapidly being aranged and will include addresses, reading of papers and an exhi¬ bition of MSS., coats of arms, portraits, silhouettes, marriage certificates and an¬ cestral furniture. • : For the proper carrying out of the cele¬ bration the descendants of Edward Foulke have organized under the name of the Association of Descendants of Ed¬ ward Foulke, and the following officers have been elected: President, William Dudley Foulke, of Richmond, Indiana; vice-presidents, Hugh Foulke, Philadel¬ phia; Samuel Emlen, Germantown; Re- beca J. Foulke Corson, Philadelphia; Charles M. Foulke, Washington; Frances C. Day, Germantown, and Edward Foulke, Washington; secretary, Frank Foulke, Philadelnbia: assistant secreta^, Joseph T. Foulke. Philadelphia; treasurer, Ed¬ ward M. Wister, Philadelphia, and Exec¬ utive Committee, including' officers, How¬ FRANK FOULKE. ard M. Jenkins, chairman: William G. Secretary, Foulke, J. Roberts Foulke, Daniel Foulke Moore, Abigail W. Foulke. Jesse Foulke estate, which was built some years after Spencer, George Rhyfedd Foulke, Robert the settlement of the Welsh, famous by R Corson, Letitia Foulke Kent, Jane writing her much-read journal within its Foulke Rutter, Dr. Joseph K. Corson, U. confines. S A.; William Wi6ter Comfort, James JUDAH FOULKE, GENTLEMAN. Emlen, Anna Foulke Bacon Neff. Charles F. Jenkins, Lydia A. Foulke Wilson and The descendants of Edward and Elea¬ nor Foulke have achieved distinction in Joseph F. the adopted country of their ancestors. The first to become a public man was Cadwallader, the third of their sons, who became a justice of the peace in Philadel¬ phia. His 3on, Judah Foulke, was col¬ lector or excise for Philadelphia from 1745 to 1750, and Sheriff of the city and coun ty of Philadelphia in 1770-72, and a doc urnent is on record stating that ‘‘His Excellency, John Penn, with the advice of the Council, constitutes and appoints a REUlC OF 1775- Mr. David Jester has in his possession a From, relieAoAbe shape of an account book which sen^Oas a ledger from May 2, 1775, to September 3, 1778, for John Fry, tinsmith, c & whose place of business was on the site now occupied by the Conner building, though at that period, and into the early years of the present century, the property extended Date, ({/lAA.1...^. to Greene street. Old residents may yet recall the spring near to the Main street front. The book is interesting from the fact that the accounts are very legible and ' AN INTERESTING kELlG. " ' 1 ’ ' the scale of prices as compared with those of to-day shows a vast difference in the cost Recovery of the Original Bond of Union of kitchen utensils, a tin-cup which can of the First Unitarian Society. now be had for three cents then costing The First Unitarian Church, of this about a quarter, or according to the entry— city, has recovered an interesting relic, namely, the original bond of union creat¬ one shilling ;a pan that can now be bought ing the society nearly 102 years ago. This for a nickel was sold for sixty cents, and a document was found among a mass of colander with a present value of fifteen papers, formerly belonging to Mr. John cents was entered as being sold for $1.02. Vaughan, who was a leading member of Surely the housewife of those days did not the church, and for many years the sec¬ revel in bargains. But the book shows that retary and librarian of the American Phil¬ these prices were paid promptly, for of the osophical Society. Mr. Vaughan, being a many charges made during those years but bachelor, long resided in the building of the Philosophical Society, on Fifth street, seven remain to be crossed off. below Chestnut, where this venerable paper was fortunately found. It reads as follows: “Philadelphia, June 12, uso.—We, the undersigned, desirous of joining a Re¬ ligious Society, in which worship shall From,. alone be paid to the Supreme Jehovah, the one God and Father of all, to the ex- | elusion of all other objects, do agree to meet together every Sunday morning at [ half-past 10 o’clock, in a room in the j Pennsylvania University (or at any other \ time and place which may be fixed upon Date, ..^ ^ by a majority of the subscribers hereto, no reasonable cause preventing us) for \ the purpose of Social "Vv orship and Mutual edification: Joseph Gales, James Taylor, William Young Birch, Ra. Eddowes, Robert Slater, John Bradley, George Royston, Arthur Blayney, John Shirly, Thomas Shuts, 1 Caleb Alder, John Royston, Nathaniel Thomas, James Tucker, Willm. Leish- man, Thomas Gibson, Thos. Newnham, Willm. Russell, George Carter, Thos. Wonderful Results of Old Sanitary Housley, Sami. Coates.” Tradition relates that most of these Comm is,:,.\n Efforts. signers were young men. Some of them lived to become prominent citizens. Mr. Vaughan, who came from England and ! joined the society in 1798, was long the in¬ PHILADELPHIA ASSOCIATES’ FAIR timate friend of Thomas Jefferson, who is known to have sympathized in the re- A Colossal Undertaking- Tliat Net¬ ! ligious vews of Unitarians, as did Benja- i min Franklin. ^ a u ted Over a Million Dollars in Behalf of the Sick and Wounded Soldiers. Although war. with its actual, uncom¬ promisingly stern realities, appeals to the great majority of men, calling them from their various pursuits to the common bearing of arms, the multitudes who re¬ main at home in times of hostilities may be almost equally helpful to their coun¬ try, as was so amply demonstrated dur¬ ing the civil war, by caring for the sick and wounded at the front. The begin¬ ning of the war 37 years ago found the country notoriously ill prepared for such military depot, and to some degree man¬ a struggle, not only in the field, but at aged to quiet the excitement. home. But it was marvelous how speed¬ THE WOUNDED FROM GETTYSBURG. ily both the army and the relief associa¬ On July 5 General Hancock,, wounded tions prepared themselves to cope with in the leg during his-famo_us charge at their great emergency. Gettysburg, arrived with 500 wounded Recognizing the absolute necessity ot men; the Gth saw 500 more brought to providing for the worst phases of war, the city; 2000 more arrived on tne Jth. President Lincoln appointed the United and three days later 800 more swelled States Sanitary Commission early in the list, filling all the hospitals and tax- June. 1801. It was originally intended ing their resources to the utmost. Rut to inquire into all the causes that might by means of generous private subscrip¬ affect the health of the army, and was tions the difficulties were overcome and especially directed and empowered to the disabled forces were accommodated. take all necessary steps to improve the Among the organizations enrolled in efficiency of the troops. Newly-enlisted the volunteer relief work at this time men in barracks were carefully looked were the Philadelphia Military Nurse after and the sick and exhausted strag¬ Corps the Ladies’ Union Relief Associa¬ glers, who invariably make up a great tion, the Soldiers’ Relief Association of force, were a special object of care. A tire Episcopal Church, and many otners. complete and permanent field relict Li addition to the other hospitals estab¬ agency was aHfo directed to he establish¬ lished throughout the city, the Govern¬ ed with every army corps to look after ment leased the railroad depot at Broad the wounded on the field of battle. and Cherry streets, a large factory at the sanitary associates. Twenty-second and Wood streets, an¬ The appointment of this Government other at Twenty-third and Lombard Commission spurred the State authorities streets, and Dunlap’s carriage factory at and municipal bodies to take immediate Fifth and Buttonwood. Christ Church action, and one of the first of the volun¬ Hospital, out beyond the Park, with 118 teer organizations to be formed and to acres of ground, was also used as a mili¬ offer its services to the Federal author¬ tary hospital. . ities was that of the Philadelphia As¬ All of these relief organizations rend¬ sociates of the Sanitary Commission, ered invaluable services, but the greatest which was organized on November i, of all the volunteer labors was the great 1881. The Executive Committee was fair held by the Sanitary Commission in composed of H. Binnev. M. W. Bald¬ June, 1864, in Logan Square, which was win. Rev. IT. A. Boardman, John <■ roofed over for the occasion, and which Cresson, ,T. I. Clark Hare, Dr. E. Harts- netted the association over a million dol- ; liorne. John E. Meigs. Samuel Powell lars. , . and Thomas T. Tasker. Following this When the subject of a great fair was the Union League made appeals to all first broached it met with some objec¬ the Central States to organize relief or¬ tions. many thinking it was too great an ganizations. and Pennsylvania, New Jer¬ undertaking even for so good a cause. sey and Delaware took immediate steps Logan Square, the site chosen for the for concerted action. 1 fete, was admirably adapted for the pur¬ The troops passing through the city pose. The broad walks had been so laid were provided for by volunteer refresh- j out that they offered every facility for xnent saloons, where coffee and pro¬ connecting the buildings which would be visions were generously distributed, and required, and ample room was guaran¬ the liberality and loyalty of Philadel¬ teed. The building covered over 200,000 phia’s citizens became a by-word through¬ feet of floor space, and over 1.500.000 out the Union. feet of lumber was used in the construc¬ January, 1862. saw the reorganization tion. The main structure was on Union of the Army Medical Department, due avenue, crossing the square from east to the strenuous representations of the to west at the centre, and was 540 feet Philadelphia Associates of the Sanitary long, 64 feet wide and 51 feet high. In Commission, and military hospitals were ihe centre of the avenue rose a gigantic established in the city. Hie Pennsyl¬ flagstaff 216 feet high, valued at §1800. vania Hospital was one of the first to Four other buildings ran north and south tender its services to the Government. from Union avenue, 250 feet each way, A general hospital was established on and still other buildings were erected j Broad street uuder the management of parallel to Race and Vine streets, the | Dr. John Neill, U. 8. A., and others latter being the Alt Gallery. A Floral , were opened on Fifth street, under Dr. Building. 190 feet in diameter, was also Meredith Clymer, and on Christian erected, containing ail artificial lake with street, under Dr- John J. Reese. rlhese islands decorated with tropical plants hospitals were soon to be tested, for early and fruits. in 1S62 wounded men began arriving OPENING OF THE COLOSSAL FAIR. from the front, and every day saw the The opening of the fete was an affair of hospitals being gradually more and more great importance. An immense proces¬ crowded. Antietam sent hundreds to sion began the festivities, the three Gov¬ the, city, and each succeeding battle ernors of Pennsylvania, New7 Jersey and swelled the list. But the following year, Delaware being present. At the very 1863, was the worst for the organiza¬ beginning of the festivities, however, an tion. By that time the hospitals had accident occurred. A great platform had been well arranged when the news came been erected to accommodate a large of Lee's invasion, and when word fi¬ chorus, and when the members rose to , nally came that the opposing forces were sing the national anthem the structure camped at Gettysburg the city was m a gave'way, seriously injuring several per¬ tumult. Governor Curtin spoke to the sons. . crowds from .the Girard House, then a Every conceivable branch of manutae- 73 Utre was represented in the various booths, and all the articles brought fancy ! delphla had won his way more closely into prices, which would have been impossible that sense of alfectionte interest which had the purpose been other than it was. often attends a venerated old agfe than June lThomas Lawrence he probably acquired camp, calling down blessings on the heads the skill which caused his pictures of the of those who gave up leisure, wealth ami charms and graces of womanhood in its pleasure to soften as far as was possible best estate to be reckoned among his most the stern realities of military life. successtul works. But in all that he did with his brush to commemorate the dames and damsels of his time, there was nothing that gave him more fame than the picture of the pleasant faced and happy-hearted young woman that looks down upon us to¬ day from the walls of St. George's Hall in the robes of British majesty. • * * * It was in 1837 when Queen Victoria, a girl of eighteen, had Just succeeded to Date, $ the throne, that the St. George’s Society .A.;..^ of this city commissioned Sully to paint a portrait of her. He had then been living in Philadelphia for upward of twenty-five years, having originally came to this city -:------by the advice of another Englishman, who made it his home—Thomas Althorpe Cooper, the tragedian, who held the fore¬ Men and Things most place on our stage up to the time of the advent of Forrest. In the disasters of the panic of 1837 Sully found that many HERE has just passed away in this * of his commissions had been withdrawn, city a quaint and venerable and he gladly availed himself of the op¬ little itoman, whose bright talk portunity to go to England. The St. used to be delightfully reminiscent George’s Society had collected a thousand of the men and women of the Philadelphia | dollars for a portrait of the young Queen, that is forever gone. In the days of her ; and the good offices of Andrew Stevenson, youth she had occasion to observe much of 1 our Minister at London, under whom Rich¬ ihe lives of statesmen, poets, musicians ard Vaux was serving as a secretary, were j an<3 men of letters. To her father’s house¬ summoned to the diplomatic task of ob¬ hold at Fifth and Chestnut streets there taining the consent of the sovereign for j came time and again many of the most the sittings. After some correspondence distinguished men of the thirty years be¬ and negotiations in London, Sully was de¬ fore the war. Long after the advance of lighted to learn that his qualifications for trade had all hut swept over that part of the duty were pronounced to be entirely the city he continued there to., maintain satisfactory. | his abode, almost the last of the survivors * * * * of the fine old men who twenty or twenty- The artist had taken with him to Lon¬ five years ago could still be found here don his daughter, Blanche. She -was of j and there In the Fifth Ward. On the eve nearly the same age and the same size and of his ninetieth year,when he passed away, figure as the youthful Queen. She had he had become one of the gentle, historic been brought up in the quiet of a Phila- figures on the quiet streets of the city, his • delphia home; it was her first visit abroad, poetic face even then alert with the in¬ and the new life that suddenly confronted stinct and impulse of his art. Indeed, no her was as a revelation to her youthful Englishman that has ever lived in Phila- mind. She was then old enough to care rf6r her father- (with that devotion which' father had'to fasten on'the pendants as afterward long made her life a thing of well as he could. The weight of all the daily beauty and to him a joy and bene¬ trappings, too,- was very great on my faction. She looked after his correspond¬ slender figure. They must have weighed ence; she nursed him in his illness; she at least thirty pounds, and it was a relief read to him; wherever he might turn his to me when'the time came to take them Blanche was at his side. Sully once paint¬ ed a picture of his daughters. It was called “The Lily and the Rose.” There were the One day, while Miss Blanche, in all the faces of two comely girls, one peeping over regal glory of the crown, was seated in the shoulder of the other in the half¬ front of her father, the Queen herself un¬ laughing innocence of youth. And those expectedly made her appearance in an' who closed the aged eyes of Blanche Sully ordinary gown. The contrast was some¬ could often see in them, even when what ridiculous to the Philadelphia girfs the years had worn her down, something jsense of humor and of the fitness, of of that merry twinkle and sprightly ten¬ things! She arose to salute the sovereign, derness. in the picture as she archly car¬ but Victoria good-naturedly bade her to I esses her cheek upon her sister’s neck. remain seated while her father went or, j * * * * with his work. Then the two girls tell to • It was Sometimes my privilege to talk taiking, the Queen leading the conversa¬ with Miss Sully of those days. “Never,” tion and Miss Blanche somewhat timidiy she once said, “were father and I more venturing her remarks, and, also. Indeed, happy than we were that day when we somewhat surprised at the character of heard through Lord Palmerston that every¬ the royal observations. It used to be re¬ thing had been prepared for, and that Vic¬ freshing to hear Miss Sully's good- toria would give her first sitting at 10 humored retrcfcpect of those interviews, o’clock the next morning. It was a con¬ as she lookeci back upon them in her old cession which for a time we had almost age. “Why,’-’ she would say, "the idea in despaired of obtaining, so great were the London seemed to be that we girls in demands made upon her time in the curi¬ America went about like young savages osity and commotion that followed her ac¬ with rings in our noses. I think the Queen cession. I suppose that father's reputation then must have fancied that American i for his success in painting the faces of girls were something like what she had | women had much to do with it. His read of Pocahontas. She asked curious [ purity of sentiment and refinement of questions as to how we dressed and what i touch were always conspicuous in that we read and what rights were allowed to kind of work. Besides, there was, per¬ us.” When the study head was finished j haps, a desire to please the Englishmen of English engravers eagerly sought the i : Philadelphia.” Miss Sully would then re¬ privilege of copying it. It was the first I late with much witty illumination of de¬ picture of the Queen after she had as- | tail that memorable episode in her life— cended the throne, and when the St. j her girlish reverence for royalty, how George’s Society gave Sully the privilege j familiarity for a time tended to make it to do as he saw fit in the matter, it was almost commonplace, how hen heart beat published and widely advertised in Eng¬ when she put the British diadem upon her land. My recollection of Miss Sully's re- j head in the absence of the Queen at sit¬ marks is that the full-length picture fot j tings for the portrayal of the royal gew¬ the society was not completed until proba¬ gaws, and how she found Victoria to be, bly the next year, when her father re¬ after all, pretty much like other girls of turned to this country, although of this eighteen in Philadelphia. I am not quite certain. # # if * * ♦ * * Miss Sully's remembrance of the Queen Sully passed most of the rest of his life was that of an agreeable, unaffected, well- in Philadelphia, and Blanche was his min¬ bred girl, with a kind and almost sweetly- istering angel to the end. His memory she attuned voice. On the morning of the ever carried with her in the most beauti¬ first sitting Mr. Sully told her that it ful spirit of filial reverence. She was prob¬ ■would not be necessary for her to appear ably the only American who could remem¬ before him as often as she supposed. “My ber sixty years ago Queen Victoria as :i daughter,” he said, “will sit with the girl, and, much as she venerated that ex¬ I regalia if there should be no objection to cellent woman, she was always modest In 1 her putting it on for that purpose.” “There her references to the interesting event ! will be no objection to that," replied the which had caused her to come closely in j Queen; “but, at the same time, do not contact with royalty, and would speak i hesitate to place me at your service as you of it only when pressed to tell of it. A year 1 see fit." It was finally agreed, however, or two ago she was injured in a street ac¬ that in the painting of the figure Miss cident, and from that time her daily walks Blanche should pose in the crown and on Spruce street, where she was one ot robes. “When I first put them on," she the best known of the quaint little bodies said, laughingly, “I was as scared as if I of the pajst that flitted along among the had been laid out in a shroud. 1 felt as If I fashionables of a later day, came to an were going to be laid away with the royal end forever. Her memory faded away, figures I had seen on the tombs in West¬ although her discourse was often full of minster Abbey. The heavy jewels which shrewd wit, and she would brush up her you will find in the ears of the St. George's French every now and then in contemplat¬ Hall portrait could not be placed in mine. ing another trip to Europe, whither she My ears had not been pierced, and ray had journeyed even after she had reached , m her threefscore and T~ Hfci The Birthplace of Old GloiW May every father who has a daughter oe blessed with as bright and good a one as By Sumner Wynne Stevens. oBkt v Thomas Sully’s Blanche! Not distant from 'the banks of the Delaware iSKa PENN. down Arch Street, in old Philadelphia, or to ’be more — precise, at No. 239 of that thoTtraghfare, is located the birthplace of « Old Glory." The building is two stories in height, with a sloping shingled roof. The roof, more¬ From, over, is gabled, and has dormer windows. Very old- 'ishioned appears this little structure, squeezed in, as it were, between loftier and more modern buildings. All visitors to Philadelphia inspect, as a matter of course i Independence Hall, and gaze with veneration on the , ^*7 V/Ml Liberty Bell; but I imagine comparatively few know about or visit the unpretentious and unobtrusive little build,ng known familiarly as the Betsy Ross House. But' a. a. a ^. 1 this dwelling ought to be an object of veneration to every A big maple tree which stood at the corner patnotic American heart, and to every eye that has gazed of Berkley street and Germantown avenue with pride upon the star-spangled banner, or “ danced since eoionlal days was blown down recently and another landmark of historic German¬ to see that banner in the sky.” or perhaps has grown ’ town has gone with it. The tree, it is moist as one thought of it as lately floating bravely above ! claimed, was originally planted by Patrick McNeeley, who owned a farm in that local¬ the shattered wreck of the “Maine” in Havana Harbor ! ity. While the British soldiers were march¬ For in it was constructed the first American flag 0f stars ing by McNeeley’s homestead to Kelly’s Hill, when the battle of Germantown was fought and stripes. The house was built more than two centu- I they carried off all the sheep and poultry on il-g00d aathority f°r the statement I the farm and before going they informed the that the bricks of which it is made were brought over I proprietor that after they had thrashed the Continental forces they would return for the from England m the good ship “Welcome” as ballast I cows and horses. McNeeley was confident, and that it was erected under the supervision of William I the chronicler of this bit of history states! that the patriots would be successful. He Penn h.msdf. The shutters of the windows, still stout 1 was disappointed, however, later in the day, and strong are said to have been joined with hand-made when the patriots retreated down German¬ nails, and hinged with hand-made screws. The floor of town road with the Britishers in pursuit. McNeeley quickly placed his cows and horses the parlor is of oak, and appears to be good for another in the big cellar of the old homstead, and when the British soldiers called they were firelce yT °f The old-fashioned unable to hud them. "Where are your two ts b0rder ofbluetllesembemshed wjth £Y sons?” asked a Tory officer of McNeeley. itstr■ s;resrand worthy °f n°tice’ ^cmny i "They are fighting for liberty with General Sullivan,” was the prompt reply. TheJorch glish castles and other devices. About this fireplace the was applied to McNeeley'e barn and the pipe of peace has been smoked “by swarthy red men building and its contents were destroyed. and hUat? °fi ?UakCr councilors.’” and in this parlor and by this fireplace, in later years were seen other men great and grave; but more of that anon. In one corner ay be seen one of those old-time cupboards in which ur great-grandmothers used to display their china r the davs'nf p5 h°USe/aS deemed Pretentious in y of Penn, and it was considered, doubtless no :\ mean mansion when in the winter of 1773-4. John Ross L j,- anto and tS and bright and brisk* ™ved ° it and took possession of it as their home. The a signer 0? th^Decfar^ J From, was that of an upholsterer; he had no fortune to offer his bride, but he had something better, i. e., a good char- I acter coupled with a sturdy manhood. The parents of “* y a. Mrs. Ross were Samuel and Rebecca Griscom, and her father who was well known as a builder, had had a part in the erection of Independence Hall. The Griscoms were Quakers, and Betsy, presumably, had a birthright in the Society of Friends; but because she married an Episcopalian, (for such was John Ross)and hence “out of J ffr' meeting, she was disowned by the Friends. Consequent- 'JV mm worshiped r Brisbane risFCEurc present city of Rome, N. Y.; and it was first saluted by far distant. This interesting church by the way, is a foreign power as it waved from the halyards of Paul standing, and well worth a visit. There Washington Jones’ vessel “ Ranger,” the salute being fired by order was wont to worship; and not far from the pew occupied of Admiral La Motte, of the French Navy at Quiberon by him was the one in which Mr. and Mrs. Ross were Bay, France, Feb. 14, 1778. accustomed to sit. Mrs. Ross for many years held the contract for mak¬ In their home in Arch Street the young people estab ing the government flags, and after her death her daugh¬ rlished an upholstery business. But, unbeknown to its ter, Mrs. Clarissa Wilson, carried on the business until happy inmates, a dark shadow was creeping on toward 1857. this small home, and finally it darkened the threshold Betsy Ross was thrice married, her second husband ^for in January, 1776, Tohn Ross died; his death resulting being a Capt. Ashburn, and her third, John Claypoole. from an injury received while acting as guard over some Her resting place is in Mount Moriah Cemetery, Philadel¬ military stores. Thus Betsy Ross was left a widow; but phia, and on the simple headstone which marks her grave she bravely determined to conduct and carry on the bus is the inscription, “ In memory of John Claypoole, died iness she and her husband had begun together. August 3, 1817, aged sixty-five years. Also Elizabeth Now it came to pass that one day distinguished cus Claypoole, died Jan. 30, 1836. aged eighty-four years. tomers came to her humble shop. They were none other Also James Claypoole died Feb. 14, 1836, aged twenty* than the commander in chief of the American army, and six years.” the great financier Robert Morris, whose credit and pa¬ Philadelphia. triotism, be it said in passing, at the darkest period of the Revolution saved the colonies from financial collapse. To the lowly door of the widow Ross came these men,' on a momentous errand bent. A flag was wanted as the From, ^ ^ emblem of the united colonies, and Washington desired to find some one to construct such a flag from a design which he had sketched. The Hon. George Ross, whe . knew how deft and skilful were the fingers of his niece, suggested her to the great commander as one who could doubtless do the work wished; and so Washington, Date, accompanied by Morris and guided by Ross, repaired to the shop of Betsy Ross. In order to ensure freedom r fc-c-* r f, f fyf f from intrusion, the party retired to the little back parlor and there stated their errand. In reply to the inquiry whether she could construct a flag the plucky little s woman made answer: “I don’t know, but I will try.” ■ Then Washington, drawing from his pocket the design which he had hastily drawn in pencil, showed the out¬ Semi-Centennial of the Foremost lines of a banner with thirteen stripes and a corner field, with thirteen stars. The stars as outlined in the sketch Homoeopathic College. were six-pointed, and Mrs. Ross, noticing this, suggested that they be five-pointed instead. Washington said in AN EVENT IN MEDICAL HISTORY reply that he had supposed a six-pointed star was the easier to make; but Betsy responded that nothing was “New School’s Greatest Celebration easier to make than a five-pointed star, “ if one only to Be Held This Week—Incidents knew how,” and then quickly demonstrated the fact by in the Career of Hospital taking up a piece of paper and deftly clipping from it a and School. perfectly shaped star with five points. The five pointed star thus gained the day, and after requesting her to make a sample flag from the drawing brought by Wash¬ The celebration by Hahnemann Medi¬ cal College of its semi-centennial, which ington and as now modified, the visitors withdrew. Mrs. is to be held on Wednesday and Thurs¬ Ross was allowed some latitude as to the proportions in day of this week, is fraught with particu¬ the flag, and was successful in making one that was satis¬ lar interest, in view of the fact that the history of the growth and development factory. She soon received an order to fit out the Amer¬ of Hahnemann College is in effect the ican fleet in the Delaware with flags; and in May, 1777, history o^the progress in this country of the school of homoeopathy. congress drew an order on the treasury for £i\, 12 s. 2 d. 1 he exercises in themselves will be of in payment for her bill. general interest, and a great gathering Our bonny and beautiful flag had now embarked upon of medical men of the “new school” is confidently expected. its glorious career. It was first unfurled officially, we are On Wednesday morning, at the college, told, at Fort Schuyler, a military post on the site of the there will be a conference of homoeo- II p.-iTXne college workers for the discussion II of topics of collegiate interest,, in which IDra Jacob Jeanes, Constantine Tiering II representatives of ten homoeopathic in¬ and Walter Williamson. stitutions will participate. The subjects a broah-gat:ge charter. to be considered are: ’File charter was granted on April 8, First—The Use and Abuse of the Di¬ 1848, and it gave the proposed college dactic Lecture. all the powers and privileges of other Second—The Province and Value of the .medical colleges in the State. Laboratory in the Medical Course. The first officers of the new institution t Third—How Can the Teaching of the were: Anson V. Parsons, president; Fran¬ j Specialties in the Undergraduate Course cis Sims, recording secretary; Walter ; be Made to Serve its Best Purpose—the Williamson. corresponding secretary; ; Qualification of the Student for General William Rhoads, treasurer; Stillwell S. Practice? Bishop. Henry J. Boiler, Edward M. F’ourth—The Proper Place and Period Davis. Daniel Deal, Lawrence Johnson, | of Clinical Work in a Four-years’ Course. John M. Kennedy, Francis King, Henry Fifth—Preparatory Studies and Pre¬ P. Lloyd, Benjamin It. Miller, John paratory Departments in Medical Col- Sartain, Isaac S. AVaterman and Ha¬ I leges. worth Wetherald, trustees. THREE INTERESTING ASSEMBLAGES. In the first faculty were: Drs. Jacob On Wednesday evening a public meet¬ Jeanes, Caleb B. Matthews, Walter Wil¬ ing will be held, at which "The Relation liamson, the dean: Francis Sims. Sam¬ of tfie Literary School to the Medical uel Freedley. Matthew Semple, William [ College’Will be the subject of discussion. A. Gardiner and Alvan E. Small. Professor Groff, of Bueknell University, The coMege was located in a small and Dr. Pemberton Dudley, Dean of building in the rear of No. 627 Arch Hahnemann College, will deliver ad¬ street, subsequently occupied for several dresses, and a general discussion will fol¬ years by the Woman's Medical College low. of Pennsylvania, and the first course of On Thursday afternoon the fiftieth an¬ lectures began on October 15. 1848, be¬ nual commencement exercises will be fore a class of 15 students, six of whom held in the Academy of Music, at which were subsequently graduated. sixty-eight men will be graduated. Pro¬ A free dispensary was opened at the fessor Charles M. Thomas, of the fac¬ same time, in connection with the.col- ulty. will deliver the valedictory, and | lege, in order to give the poor an oppor Professor W. Tod Helmuth, of New i tunity for homoeopathic medical treat¬ York, will make an address in commemo¬ ment and for the furnishing of material ration of the college’s fiftieth anniver¬ for clinics. This was the first homoeo¬ sary. v . pathic dispensary in Philadelphia. On Thursday evening the alumni ban¬ SEOEDEIRS’ ENDURING MONUMENT. quet, with the class reunions, will be In the summer of 1849 the college re¬ held at Horticultural Hall. Invitations moved to No. 1105 Filbert street, larger have been aeeepted by a large number quarters having been found necessary. of graduates, many of whom have be¬ At this location the college continued its come prominent in their profession, and work, but had a somewhat stormy time the occasion will be more than usually owing to financial stringency and to dis¬ noteworthy. sensions among th# faculty and,manag¬ HISTORY OF THE COLLEGE. ers. The Hahnemann Medical College was In 1865 a new charter was obtained, organized, in the summer of 1S67, but as making the institution a stock company it was au offshoot from the Homoeopathic and giving/authority to increase the cap¬ Medical College of Philadelphia, and. ital $60,000 for hospital purposes. the two later became consolidated, it In 1S66-67 a rupture occurred, winch" dates its origin from the founding of the produced important results. Owing to latter college, and from that fact claims internal dissensions a number of the fac¬ to be the oldest medical college in the ulty resigned and a reorganization took world teaching the distinctive method of place. The secedors obtained, in the medical treatment originated by Samuel summer of 1867, the charter of the Hahnemann. AVashington Medical College of Phila¬ The first college of the kind, however, delphia, issued on May 2, 1853, which started in this country, was the North institution had never been organized, and American Academy of Homoeopathic by act of Court of Quarter Sessions of Medicine, at Allentown, Pa. This was Philadelphia, on July 17, 1867, the name organized in 1835, but its teaching was was altered to the Hahnemann Medical conducted in the German language, and College of Philadelphia. The faculty of the institution never became popular, 1 the new college was as follows: Drs. ceasing to- exist a few years later. Constantine Hering, Charles G. Rane, The Homoeopathic Medical College, of John C. Morgan, Henry Noah Alartin, Philadelphia (later merged into the Richard Ivoeh, A. R. Thomas and Lem¬ Hahnemann) was the next in succession. uel Stephens. The question of establishing a homoeo¬ The Board of Trustees consisted of pathic college had been often discussed Jason L. Fennimore, president^ John at the meetings of the Central Bureau of A. Marshall, secretary; John AV. Sex¬ the American Institute of Homoeopathy, ton, treasurer; Edward S. Lawrence, held in Philadelphia, and at a meeting George W. Troutman, John T. Midnight, held at the residence of Dr. Jacob .Teanes, Dr. Augustus A\7. Koch, Dr. F. E. of tins city, in February, 1848. it was Boericke, Howard Malcolm, Byron determined to apply to the Legislature AAToodward, James B. Read and T. Guil¬ for a charter for such an institution* ford Smith, directors. ( At this meeting there were present The college was first located at No. 1307 Chestnut street, the upper floors being fitted up for the purpose, and in the * -~ ~~ ' “ old St! Joseph's Roman Catholic Church, spring of 1808 removal was made to No. Fourth street and Willings alley, was cel¬ 18 >’ortli Tenth street, as being a more ebrated yesterday. In the morning suitable location. Haydn’s Imperial Mass was sung, and a CONSOLIDATION EFFECTED. sermon was delivered by the Rev. Jobin In the early part of 1809 the trustees Scully, S. J., pastor of the church. In the of the Hahnemann Medical College oh evening Solemn Vespers were celebrated, j tained the charter and building of the and Father Scully again preached. At . parent institution, the Homoeopathic vespers the families of the parish were j Medical College of Pennsylvania, and consecrated to St. Joseph, and souvenir by act of Legislature of April 2, T869, cards were distributed. the two charters were merged and the) Old St. Joseph's Is the oldest and most colleges consolidated, fbe title of the historic Roman Catholic church in Penn¬ younger college being retained as that sylvania. It has been the scene of the of the consolidated institution. labors of the most noted Jesuits in the country, and in it, it is said, the first The college remained on Filbert street Mass in this State was celebrated. until about eleven years ago, when iti St. Joseph’s dates back to 1731. Previous became imperative to sNek larger quar¬ to its foundation those who held the Cath¬ ters and the present imposing buildings olic faith in Philadelphia were visited pe¬ were erected. riodically by Jesuit missionaries from Large as are the present quarters of Maryland, then the headquarters of Cath¬ the college and of the hospital operated olicism in this country. The arrival of a in conjunction with it, the growing needsi number of emigrants from Ireland gave a of the institution require constant ad¬ great impetus to Catholicism in this city, ditions, and plans are now being pre¬ and the membership increased, so rapidly pared for a new maternity hospital, that in 1731 the ecclesiastical authorities which will be a model in every way. of Maryland sent Rev. Joseph Greaton, S. The history of the college since its J., to Philadelphia to establish a church. transfer to the, present location has been Father Greaton had a letter of introduc¬ that of uniform progress and success, tion to a very active Catholic, who resided and the managers, faculty and friends on Walnut street, above Third, and that of the institution have been indefati¬ fact led to the establishment of St. Joseph’s gable in their efforts to build up and im¬ Church in its present locality. prove the college and the hospital. Father Greaton celebrated mass In Collections of books, specimens and private residences until the first one story apparatus have been added until the church building was erected. The first equipment is unequaled in the depart¬ mass was celebrated In this edifice Feb¬ ments of study followed, and the college ruary 26, 1732, and was the first to be sol¬ ranks as the foremost homoeopathic in¬ emnized in a regularly consecrated place stitution in the world. of worship in Pennsylvania. The first For years, and, indeed, until quite re¬ congregation of St. Joseph’s comprised cently, the homoeopathic school has had 40 persons. The present membership in¬ to fight the strenuous opposition of the cludes over 3000 communicants. •‘Old School’’ and its adherents; but it In 1740 a prominent English Jesuit, Rev. is safe to say that homoeopathy has, | Henry Neall, visited St. Joseph’s and was through the efforts of Hahnemann Col- stationed there for a time. The church lege and sister institutions made for the recalls many reminiscences connected "New School” a lasting and firm foothold with Revolutionary times. In 1783 Father Molyneaux opened a school at St. Joseph’s, and the following year the Rev. John Carrol, the first American Bishop, came to Philadelphia and administered confirmation at the church, being, it Is said, the first time in this country. Tho yellow fever raged with great vio¬ lence in Philadelphia in 1797, and the Fa¬ thers at St. Joseph’s were kept busy with their ministrations of mercy. In 1S07 a charity was organized by the congregation to take care of orphans, from which movement sprang the St. Jo¬ seph's Orphan Asylum, now located at Seventh and Spruce streets. In 1820 the Very Rev. Henry Conwell. o. Armagh, Ireland, was consecrated Bishop, and in 1821 he arrived at St. Joseph's, and during that year the church was enlarged. Further accommodations were provided in 1824. A notable-event occurred in the church or, February 13, 1824, when Bishop Conw-ell baptized Joseph Lueien Charles Napoleon THE PIONEER OF THE ROMAN CATHOLIC Bonaparte, son of Charles Luclen Bona¬ parte and Princess Zenaide Charlotte CHURCHES IN PHILADELPHIA. Julia, daughter of the King of Spain. The godmother was Letitla, mother of the Em¬ peror Napoleon. Observance of the 165th Anniversary of In 1827 the Rev, John Hughes, afterward Its Dedication—Sketch of Its Origin and the renowned Archbishop of New York, Growth.__ who had been ordained at St. Joseph's and stationed at Bedford, Pa.,was recalled ana The 165th anniversary of the dedication stationed at St. Joseph s. _ i and the fifty-ninth of the consecration of In June. 1830, Bishop Kendrick came to FROM BANKRUPTCY AND Philadelphia as coadjutor to Bishop Corn¬ DISHONOR. wall. and was stationed at St. Joseph's. — On April 1, 1832, the Rev. John Hughes preached his farewell sermon, and went to HIS KEEN EYE EOS THE EUTUEE St. John's Church, at Thirteenth and Chestnut streets, which he had erected. In 1837 it was determined to build a new church, and on June 4 the corner-stone HOW HB CAME TO BUY A BLOCK OF of the present building was laid. The consecration of the church took place CHESTNUT STREET REAL ESTATE. February 11, 1839, the pastor being the Rev. Felix Barbelin. On Sunday, Septem¬ ber 27, 1810, the 300th anniversary of the in¬ It was an accident that swept Girard’s stitution of the Society of Jesus was cele¬ ! trading ship, the L’Amiable Louise, into the brated. The Interior and exterior of St. waters of Delaware Bay In May, 1777—a Joseph's were thoroughly renovated and venture entrusted to hts keeping by his handsomely decorated in 1843, the latter father in distant Bordeaux, and on which he part of the work being done by the fa¬ had been trading between New York, New mous decorative artist, Signor Monchesi. Orleans and Port au Prince the previous Father Barbelin was elected pastor in three years. It was an Incident that caused 1841, and he held that position during the him to rent a store on Water street, within a Native American riots. The mob did not short distance of the spot where he after¬ attack or even threatep the destruction of wards located himself permanently, while Old St. Joseph's. In 1847 the statue of St. the British fleet,, under Lord Howe, was | Joseph was placed in the. church. facing the oity’s front. It was his meeting When the movement began in March, with Mary Lamm in July of that year, and 1851, to erect the Roman Catholic Cathe¬ subsequent marriage, that, decided him to dral of Sts. Peter and Paul, at Eighteenth locate permanently in the Quaker City, and Race streets, the congregation of St. although he purchased a small pronerty in Joseph’s contributed $2000. Mount Holly and continued to reside there Early in 1869 Father Barbelin died, and until the evacuation of Philadelphia, June after one or two successions the present 17, 1778. He was baptized and confirmed a pastor, the Rev. Jobin Scully, S. J., took Catholic, but although he rented a pew in St. j charge. In 1867 the announcement was Augustine’s Church he seldom, if ever, made that a "new St. Joseph’s Church" attended the services, leaving that duty to would be erected, and the site selected the other members of hts household. Singular was a piece of ground at Seventeenth and as It may seem, he was married by Episco¬ Stiles streets. A chapel called New St. palian ceremony in old St, Paul’s Church Joseph s was erected, but the name was and was buried in the graveyard of Trinity changed to Holy Family. As time went Catholic Church, at Sixth and Spruce streets, on, the present large and imposing Church according to the simple rites of the Quaker of the Gesu was erected. faith. The fathers now connected with St. Jo¬ His dwelling house was under the same seph’s are the Rev. Jobin Scully, S. J.; roof as his counting room, in Water street, the Rev. P. A. Jordan, S. J.; the Rev' and in a locality almost entirely occupied by John P. Nagle, S. J.; the Rev. Thomas m! stores. The furniture was substantial, but Sheerin, S. J., and the Rev. John R. Gray, plain, and this is shown by the collection now S. J. In the special room of the college building devoted to hts relics. His only equipage was an humble chaise drawn by a sober looking farm horse. While his fleet of merchant ves¬ sels pursued their given course upon the pathless seas, it was this same old-fashioned chaise that conveyed Girard to his 600-acre From, .. farm in Passyunk township, and there he personally inspected the butter and eggs and other products sent up to the Second . street market. It was on this same farm that he raised the beef that supplied his ves¬ sels. In his dress and personal appearance Girard was as plain as the humblest, and no Date 7iitu,./(f. /df? stranger could have distinguished this pos¬ sessor of millions from any of the toiling thousands around him. The Cloud Over His Home Life. \ • Although unwilling to dwell upon a matter i of so much delioacy, it is proper to state that ■ the marriage of Girard did not result happily. STEPHEN GIRARD. There is sufficient testimony among Girard’s papers to show, that, as is not unusual in such matters, his reputation while living THE LIFE WORK OF THE MARINER, and his memory after death have both suf¬ MERCHANT AND fered, and unjustly, from erroneous public PHILANTHROPIST. Impressions on this subject. Early in the year 1785 his wife gave evidence of mental derangement, which increased until Septem¬ ber of that year, when she was placed in the HOW HE ACCUMULATED HIS MILLIONS Pennsylvania Hospital for treatment. With a view to betterment, Girard later removed her to the country, without benefit. In con¬ AS A BANKER HE SAVED THE NATION sequence of this affliction and the painful stage of his domestic life, Girard determined 80 to return to his old occupation as a mariner, its labors March 9 following. They received and by absence secure the tranquillity denied under their care alone 192 orphan children, him at home. He sailed for the Mediterra¬ many of them infants whose natural pro¬ nean, but, returning, found that the dis¬ tectors had perished with the fever, and who order had been greatly augmented, and Mrs. knows but that here Girard conceived the Girard was again admitted to the hospital first, thoughts of hlR college for orphans. August 31, 1790, where she gave birth the fol¬ The deadly nature of the epidemic may be lowing year to a female child—the only iRsue inferred from the fact that from August 1 to of this unfortunate marriage—who died November 9 there were 4031 interments out shortly afterward. Mrs. Girard passed into of a possible population of 25,000 who re¬ death in September, 1815, and her remains mained in the city during the plague. were interred on the grounds on the north side of the hospital. Girard as a Banker. Mr. Girard then directed his attention to About the year 1810 the funds belonging to the West India trade, for whioh his previous Mr. Girard in the hands of Baring Brothers education peculiarly fitted him. In 1780 he & Co., of London, had increased to nearly entered into partnership with Joseph Baldes- 51,000,000. To withdraw this amount with¬ qui, for on two occasions he engaeed jointly out danger of loss wa3 a task of no ordinary in business, the second time, in 1786. with his difficulty, and his papers show that he expe¬ brother John. Neither proved satisfactory. rienced much alarm and anxiety on this ac¬ From this point his progress to fortune. count. Exchange in England had fallen be¬ Joined to unusual skill as a merchant, was low par; the solvency of the foreign house both sure and rapid. In 1784 he constructed was for a time a matter of great doubt, and his first vessel, the Two Brothers, and sailed the difficulties between Great Britain and in command of this brig for Charleston, and this country already threatened war. But, thence to the Mediterranean, returning to by skillful management, he succeeded safely Philadelphia in July, 1788. It was the begin¬ and profitably in extricating his money, prin¬ ning of a then matchless merchant fleet that cipally by purchasing in England United soon whitened every sea. States Government stock and shares of the The Yellow Fever Epidemic. Bank of the United States. Having thus ob¬ At this period of Mr. Girard’s life enters an tained so large an interest in this bank, upon incident which, for its moral heroism and the expiration of its charter, in 1811, self-denying charity, deserves more than a he determined to become a banker, and passing notice, perhaps giving to his name a having in June, 1812, purchased the banking higher title than that of founder of Girard house of that institution he commenced his College. It was Girard’s guiding hand that operations. It would appear from the state¬ rested as a blessing upon the afflicted city in ment Girard rendered to Congress in the case the yellow fever pestilence of 1793. It was his of the ship Good Friends that he had been executive training that organized the hospi¬ concentrating his funds at the point of Lon¬ tal on Bush Hill, in which he served as nurse don from the year 1807, at which period it is for sixty days. In the latter part of July, highly probable he even then looked for¬ 1793, yellow fever broke out in its most fatal ward to this speculation as one by which a form in Water street, between Arch and Race large profit could be realized. In extricat¬ streets. Extending north to Vine street, itj ing his immense funds from the Barings, he was soon communicated to Front, and thence j did so partly by investments In British extended to parallel streets. Every attempt! goods and partly by the purchase of public to stay the epidemic proved unavailing. It stock and Bank of United States shares, for gathered fresh force with fresh victims, until which he paid S420 per share, or 6 per cent, the city seemed one vast charnel house. Citi¬ advance, and that bank finally divided zens fled in dismay, and the town became upon its settlement 8% per cent, be¬ depopulated. In the midst of this pesti¬ yond par value or original subscription. lence Girard answered an anonymous call At that epoch a rich merchant was no In the Federal Gazette of September 10, ■ extraordinary character, but a rich banker the only paper whicn cbhtiuuedr~tb be pub¬ was a character new and previously un¬ lished, stating that all but three of the Vis¬ known to the American public, especially itors of the Poor had either fled or suc¬ when backed by bis millions and able to cumbed and colling upon benevolent citizens compete with the Treasury itself in sustain¬ to volunteer their aid. The famous Com¬ ing the public credit and preserving the cur¬ mittee of Twenty-seven organized at the City rency from depreciation. In the spring of Hall—dwindling subsequently to twelve— 1812 Girard found that he could purchase the and their first care was the organization or bank and the cashier’s house at the price of the hospital at Bush Hill. The physician in 5120,000, one-third of their cost, and he pur¬ charge reported the situation without^ order chased the property May 12, commencing his or regulation, far from clean and in imme¬ banking operations with a capital of $1,200,- diate need of qualified persons to take 000, which he increased January 1, 1813, to charge. At this trying moment Stephen $1,300,000. Iri the transfer of the business Girard and Peter Helm voluntarily offered not less than $5,000, COO specie was included, themselves for that benevolent employment. the Bank of the United States depositing all To estimate properly the value of this act of Its funds in its vaults, providing an extent of self-devotion it is well to remember that resources never before exampled in ibis or Girard was at this time In the zenith of his any other country. The old bank cost $300,- I life and already a man of wealth and influ¬ 000 and the cashier’s house $40,000, and Girard | ence. On the afternoon of the same day on bought them in for $120,000. No man ever which he offered his services Girard heard Girard boast of what he would do In entered upon his duties. Order soon time to come. He remained quiet, and silent reigned where all before was until the time did come, and then he struck confusion. Cleanliness took the place of the blow with an aim that could not miss its filth, attendants and medicines were at object. Stephen Girard’s bank never re¬ hand, supplies and accommodations were fused to pay the specie for a note of Stephen provided, and on the very next day he re¬ Girard. ported the hospital as ready to afford every Girard’s First Business Misfortune. assistance. For sixty days he continued to Girard did not permit his occupation as discharge his duties, the committee ceasing banker to withdraw him from his mercan- t tile pursuits. Occasionally he met with heavy losses. December 17, 1810. his fine offer,’’ said Girard. ship, the Montesquieu, sailed from the Girard fixed upon tho Chestnut street block port of Philadelphia for Valparaiso and ns the site for his college In his will, dated thence for Canton, where she arrived Eebru- • February 16, 1830. As he made the purchase ary 19, 1812. In November, same year, the of tho Peel Hall farm of 45 acres, on the Montesquieu sailed from Canton with a Kid go road, in Penn township, earlv the next most valuable China cargo on board. Singu¬ year, ho changed his mind. Tho'fortunate lar as It may seem, she passed through that codicil to the will by which Girard changed : great extent of sea without meeting a Brit¬ 9nei^at)0nfOf,lha colle5e was dated June ish cruiser, or speaking a vessel that could 20 1831, Just six months before his death inform her of the war. Arriving off the which occurred on December 31 of the same capes of the Delaware on the night of March year, from tho then prevailing influenza, or 26, 1813, the Montesquieu discharged guns for geUt6’ ^ U IS knOWU to'day bJ" those who pilot. The firing attracted the Da Paz, a small schooner, which proved to be a tender In the OMon Days. to the British man-of-war Polctiers, and this The construction of the buildings erected led to the capture. The loss of this fine vessel upon this block was left to the heirs. Ground was a severe trial to Girard, but he imme- was first broken in 1832 for three rows of resi- diatelyset about repairing the disaster and ransomed her for the sum of 8160,000. His cal¬ houses cm Market street. They were uni- culations and foresight were most fully real¬ formiy four stories high, and accounted the ized. for it is shown by his books that not¬ most pretentious buildings in the city. Those withstanding this heavy loss the cargo on Cnestnut street bad plain brick fronts, brought enormous profits, a large portion of with marble trimmings and marble steps the teas bringing as high as $2.14 a pound at leading up from the street. From the date auction, in consequence of the scarcity of their completion until 1870 they were the j caused by the war. residences of many prominent families. Then His Lioans to the Government. followed the transformation into stores, end Girard took the oath of allegiance to the the whole block became a business centre. Government, soon after his arrival at Phila¬ Among the last to move away were Thomas delphia and became a citizen of the United Cadwalader, Judge John M. Read, Frank States. His attachment to his adopted coun¬ McLaughlin and Henry M. Phillips. During try was sincere and undoubted. His sympa¬ and after the war there were among the resi¬ thies were soon warmly enlisted for the land dents such well-known men as Wharton which had sheltered him and under whose C anoellor 8. T. Beale, R. Earp, Thomas J. free institutions he had prospered. During Potts and Harry McCall. The first business the War of 1812 he placed at the disposal of th,e Conrad Brothers, whose es¬ the Government the resources of bis bank at tablishment still occupies one of the build¬ times of difficulty and embarrassment. ings. One of Girard’s greatest expectation* V hen the credit of the country was pros¬ touching the city’s progress is more than re- trated in 1814, Us resources exhausted to the allzed in the erection of the great building of last cent, and the cry of treason and dis¬ Board of City Trusts for tho Girard es- union striking dismay into the stoutest hearts-the Treasury bankrupt and subscrip¬ Much more could he dwelt upon In the nar¬ tions solicited In vain for small loans of rative of these progressive steps in the life of 85,000,000 at 7 per cent, and an immense the merchant, mariner and philanthropist. bonus—at such a crisis Girard stepped The occasion warrants any length of chapter forward and subscribed for the whole n C°m?S Dear for the celebration of amount. The effect of this action on the the fiftieth anniversary of the opening of his public credit was electrical. It restored sta¬ college, January 1, 1847, and the dedication bility and dismissed panic. o, the monument on the west plaza of tho City Hall to his memory. The college is in- Girard’s Chestnut Street Purchase. fnodiaia8tlDSand ever"Present monument The purchase of tho block on Chestnut and to those who would be the witness of the street, running back to Market, between monument of Girard it is only needful to look Eleventh and Twelfth streets, was a singular around and everywhere. There was much real estate speculation of Girard’s. There it was intended to locate the college now out °V,n,terest in the attempt to break the will which was fortunately saved to posterity by on the old Peel Hall farm. Girard bought the great labors of Horace Bmney and Mr. the property July 1, 1807, from John Dunlap Sergeant. Even the character of the build. and hi* wife, Elizabeth, for 8100,000. It is ‘^,ses’ fif outiined in the will; the will in it- estimated to be wortli all of 85. 000,000 to-dar se f, the carious provisions inhibiting the The Chestnut street front is worth not less ministry from visiting the college and the than $6000 a front foot, and the Market street changes in the several administrations of the front $5000 a front foot. The great parchment G.raid Trust are themes of vast moment. deed conveying the property to Girard is They are for the future. carefully kept in the vaults of the estate. The mind is filled with admiration of the When Girard came into possession of this man and profoundly Impressed with the property a large Colonial mansion, painted a value of his example. The goodness of hi* bright yellow, occupied the centre of the block. It was surrounded by elegant grounds w |WhS DOt ”lanifeBted by ostentatious !?ks';rlPtion or loud profession. Contem¬ and an orchard of peach and apple trees, plate the grand benevolence of this mer¬ which boro fruit in abundance. The est131.W1° becomes thereby the father of the investment in this property was a good fatherless. How he clears the way before ono from the start, and all offers to buy were the unfriended, but active and worthy lad refused. Among the offers was one from and stands the guardian angel of the or- Murat, who fled from Spain to this country phan. This is true fame. It is Girard’s after the first downfall of Napoleon, and was look into the future that tho world sees in fora time the guest of Girard. Murat of¬ part to-day. w jj fered at a dinner to Girard and an intimate J fiiend to purchase the square, covering It j with Spanish mill dollars, as the price. “If was directly back of the three eastern arches which covered the staircase lead¬ ing up to the eastern wing. This build¬ ing, in its time known as “the committee room” and the “library of the Assem¬ From, bly” was ordered to be built by the House at the meeting held on February 19, 1752, post meridian: .tA “Ordered, That the Superintendents of the State House do build a suitable room, adjoining to the southeast corner of said building, for the accommodation of the Date, committees of this House.” It appears that in pursuance of this resolution the “committee room” was erected during the year, and in 1753 was . /-/ to) fei. ant i-'arK. jli was iviiuwu as nre IXllbiP shrine at which the m mastic occupants en estate. The Kitchen who gave the lo¬ ! breathed their vows. There is nothing in cality habitation and a name once oper¬ 1 the interior of the old structure to even ated a mill along the banks of the Wissa- suggest that its early tenants knelt m hickon. A crumbling relic of the mill poverty and piety, unless it may be in the and the dreary waste of a settlement at rock-bottom cellar, which, in the absence the bottom of the slope, and up the tor¬ of a search light, deties investigation. tuous path of Kitchen’s lane, axe about On the contrary the house was once the only traces left to show that the hum quite cozv. Its floors are solid, its rcoips of industry ever absorbed the silence of i well-lighted by window's, spacious old this rustic wilderness. High up on the ! fireplaces once brightened it with cheer¬ slope is a landmark pitched against the j ful warmth, and it is about as far from sky. The Park Commission is now con- | the popular conception of a cloister as a sidering the problem of whether it shall : Camden ferryboat. be restored to what it was in other days MONASTRY OR FARM HOUSE. through their own agency, or those that j Still, tradition insists that it was a of persons who have asked the privilege. - monastery. It may have been altered UNTENANTED FOR MANY YEAR'S. to its cozy proportions of a farm house There is nothing picturesque about this vears after the ecclesiastical brethren landmark except the scenery around it, vacated it. Tradition says that Indians which rather captivates the fancy. It is roamed in the vicinity while the monks an old farm house, with shingle roof, were at their prayers. That might not tenantless, neglected and forlorn in its have been so long ago. It is probable silence. It is more weird than fanciful. that a few friendly Indians were scurry¬ It has been many a day since the tread ing around the valley of the Wissahickon of feet or the sound of voices were heard as late as a century ago, and the old beneath its roof. stone farmhouse, monastery, or what- I With all its ghostly quiet, tradirim ever it may have been called, bears gives this strange old dwelling a rare easily the marks of a century m the interest—tradition, merely, for it is ditli- crevices on its sides. , cult to collate any historical facts fr>n There Is a remarkable feature of the a source that clearly establishes its origin old building—its roominess. It has. to be¬ and the character of its early tenants. gin with, a cavernous cellar, an approved It may or may not have been erected in spot for keeping the flies off of cream Colonial times, certainly not at a remote and a tub of full butter. Nothing but a period of the colonies, for its structure bat could find its way there without a bears no such characteristic. Tradition calcium light. Above this are three floors says it was a monastery, that some group and a gable attic, and every floor, in¬ of anchorites built and dwelt in it. If cluding the attic, has four rooms, with this be so there are no traces left of the nnon firenlaces to keep out the chill blasts THE ODD MONASTERY ON THE WISSAHICKON. TW** of winfer. ’file floors must Tie built ot JJemoerm^ m ajor V ard has been a resident < ’ oak. 'I'llerp is not a vibmtion or a creak to any of them. The walls are well white¬ Freehold since 1854, and there is no man livln washed. and there, is no dampness in the whose acquaintance with the history of tho house. The floor and walls are as dry as section, both prior to and succeeding the Revo the sands of Egypt: Whatever the early lution, is superior to his. From his reply to m3 tenants may have been, the later ones inquiry, I beg to submit a few extracts bearing dwelt, there in the shadow of domestic upon this question. Edward S. Ellis. comfort, and without apprehension of an In the course of Major Yard’s description of unfriendly visit from the Indians. a visit, he made to the Carlisle (Pa.) Cemetery There is only one object in the house in 1887, he says: that bears the stamp of colonial antiquity. It is an old stone sink in the kitchen. It “The cemetery contains seven acres of land is a curiosity that some relic hunter left to the city by WilliarrrPenn, the founder of might carry off if it were not too heavy. Pennsylvania. I found Moll Pitcher’s mon¬ Its edges are almost worn away, until it ument among the graves of the 'nobility’—that I looks like a thick slab, with its upper is, surrounded by the graves of John Noble, surface scooped like a saucer. who died in 180-1, and those of bis descendants. RUGGED BEAUTY OF THE PEACE. It is a plain tombstone mounted on a pedestal, Such is the old building on the high and bears the following inscription: slope overlooking the Wissahickon, and : mollie McCauley, the pinnacle of Indian Rock, not a mile : Renowned In History as above, to which tradition gives the title ; Motile Pitcher, of monastery. John Barrett was the last : The Heroine of Monmouth, : Died Jan., 1838, tenant that lived in it. He was a farmer. : Aged 79 Tears. The crumbled traces of a barnyard are Erected by the Citizens of in the rear, and the equally crumbled : Cumberland Co. : July 4, 1876. and dilapidated sides of an old spring 1 • ...... house, which seems to have been some “a large rosebush grows just to the left in time used as a pigsty. There is a stone front of the stone. A little distance back from barn qlso in the rear, evidently built at a later period than the dwelling, but be¬ this monument is the grave of ‘Peter Spahr, yond the memory of the nearest living who died Sept. 1, 1884. in the 65th year of his inhabitant. It is hard to imagine a age.’ He was the man who conceived the idea, more deserted spot; yet there is a rugged, collected the money and put up the monument. rambling beauty in the scenery surround¬ The grave, it appears, had remained unmarked ing it which gives it a constant charm. up to that time. What the Park Commission will do “The foregoing is the record which I made at witli it now- that the city owns it. is in¬ the time mentioned and printed in the Dcm- i definite. A number of bicycle clubs have ocrot of May 26, 1887. applied for the privilege of occupying the old monastery, so-called, and trans¬ “There has always been a tradition here that < forming it into a club house. The latest the Moll Pitcher of the Monmouth fight was and most pressing application of this maintained by the Government at the Carlisle kind came recently from the Photo¬ Barracks from the close of the war for Inde¬ graphic Society of Philadelphia, which pendence to the time of her death. The Car¬ has made the Park Commission a proposi¬ lisle Barracks for many years after the war and tion to restore and improve the dilapi¬ down to a recent period was a military post. ' dated building, and transform it into an The Hessians captured at Trenton were sent ornament worthy of the charms of na¬ there for safe keeping and the old stone guard¬ ture, which it now only disfigures. The application is under consideration. house was standing at the time of my visit. k The post still belongs to the United States Government and, as is well known, is now S utilized as an Indian school. “The tradition that Molly McCauley, the j Moll Pitcher of Mpni^outh, was maintained at From, the Carlisle Barracks is as well verified as any other tradition of the Revolution. I have heard it stated that the reoords of the barracks i will show this fact. ' ' ■* “That there are other claimants for the hon¬ ors won by Molly McCauley I am aware of. It was the custom at the period of the Revolu¬ Date, tion for women, generally wives of private sol¬ diers, to follow the armies in the field as laun¬ dry women. The records of Sir Henry Clinton’s armytesti- fy to this fact. Every regiment had its comple- Tan TRXm MOTET PITCHER. ment of "women who did duty as laundry wo* w*en for the officers, and had quarters assigned them and transportation furnished them. The She Was Molly McCauley, and lLlyed, Died, records of the battle of Monmouth show that and Is Burled In Carlisle. Pa. these camp followers of Sir Henry's army were sent from Philadelphia around * by Delaware To thf. Editor of The Sun—Sir.- The state¬ Bay to New \ ork in ships or transports. In ment of A. S. Clark in Thf, SuN.of May 22, that \Y ashington s army the same custom was fol¬ Molly Pitcher, the heroine of Monujjkth, was lowed. 1 here were doubtless a number of women who followed Washington to Mon- 1 jburied near Highland Fails, is so direct and mouth, and so on to New Brunswick, and who ! 'positive that I addressed a note of inquiry to after thc^war settled hero and there throughout j Major James S. Yard, editor of the Monmouth /-r 8 i f.hc country. \\ hat is more natural than that they should be interviewed by visitors as they (trew old as to the Monmouth fight, or the part which they had in it, or that here or there one or more who in the lapse of time or the imag¬ ination of their interviewers should claim or have claimed for them that they were the hero¬ From, ines of that battlefield? I have seen the state¬ ment that Molly Pitcher was buried somewhere in Now York State not far from the city of New York, but there was nothing but the mere say so of the reporter for it. “In the ease of Molly McCauley, she has not only the testimony of people who were living when 1 came to this county (1854) that she had Date 3ffft been maintained at Carlisle Barracks up to the time of her death, but the records of the Car¬ lisle Barracks, the traditions of the people of ^ thftt she was the heroin© of Monmouth and the fact that, a public-spirited citizen, who l-‘ - ■'n" ■' * - s i: ‘ was old enouerh to have known her while she was there, as one of the last acts of his life r collected money by public subscription to erect a monument to her memory. These are facts A GREAT UNDERTAKING. that cannot be successfully disputed, and I think very clearly and unmistakably sustain the claim of Molly McCauley.’’ In the Carlisle Evening Sentinel of July 3 1897 FAC SIMILES OF EARLY AMERICAN this subject is exhaustively treated bv’eapt’ S°h.n B. Landis in f n article, “The Truth About NEWSPAPERS Batcher. Capt. .Landis seems to have established the following facts: Her right name was Mary Ludwig. She was tho daugh¬ ter of John George Ludwig, who came to this Being Made Under thp Auspices of the country with the Palatinates and was born Colonial Society—The Reproductions Em¬ Oct. 13, 1744. She was employed as a domestic brace All South of Boston. at Carlisle m the family of Gen. William Irvine She was married to John Hays, a barber Julv 24, 17(59. He enlisted in Proctor’s First Penn¬ sylvania Artillery, Continental Line, and was followed by his wife. fftlKPARED SPECIALLY FOR THE PUBLIC LED¬ Some years after the historical incident at GER.] Monmouth she married George McKolly an¬ I Few people outside of a small clique other soldier. This name was also written “Mc¬ Cauley, and so appears oil the tombstone. She ftave ever heard of the Colonial Society lived for many years at the Carlisle barracks i*f Pennsylvania, yet this society, though after the Levolunon, cooking and washing for the soldiers. Subsequently she kept a small Jbnly three years old, has dared to under- store m Carlisle, near the house in which v Work whose magnitude, of Its Major Andre and Lieut. Despard were con¬ Kind, has never been approached. This ned in 1776, after Andre’s first capture near is no less a project than the reproduction Lake Champlain. The latter years of h«r life 111 fac simile of a complete set of the first were spent in a stone house on the oorner of Bedford^ and North streets, where she died Jan. newspaper issued in America, south of Boston, from its inception in 1719 to its On Peb. 27, 1822, the Pennsylvania Legisla¬ last issue in 1752. The society was formed ture, by special act, granted her an annuity for by a few gentlemen interested in the pre¬ services during the Revolutionary War the servation of material relating to our early sum of $40 immediately and the same amount I hall yearly during—life. The bill was passed ! history and for the dissemination of a without a dissenting vote. In the numerous wider knowledge of some of its now al¬ death notices her services at Monmouth were most buried sources. Its first undertak¬ referred to as being established beyond Question ing for so small a body is a bold one, as Among those who personally ‘testified as to It now carries on its roll of members no her personality were John A. Havs, who died more than 150 names. This limited num¬ in Carlisle in 1896 at the age of 74. Although a boy when Molly died he had often heard her ber is, in a measure, due to the restrict¬ tell the story of Monmouth and her part there¬ ive qualifications for membership, no one in. Mrs. busan Heckendorn, still living at an being eligible except in right of an ances- ^anced in Carlisle, remembers hearing tor actually settled in this country prior Molly say in describing the incident: “You to the year 1700. The main object of the girls should have been with me at the battle of Monmouth and learned how to load a cannon.” soc ety, as set forth in Its charter and Miss Harriet M. Foulke of Lancaster, O. well by-laws. Is “to celebrate anniversaries beyond 90. spent most of her life at Carlisle. connected with the settlement of Penn¬ Her lather, a Well-Known physician, attended sylvania which occurred prior to 1700- to Molly during her last illness. She was so well collect, preserve and publish records knd known as ‘Molly Pitcher’’ that no one ever questions the fact. documents, printed or in manuscript re¬ lating to the early history of that colony, ■ ^eufew,effi!cAs Molly are principally in the hands of the family of John Havs and thei r end to perpetuate the memory of the relatives and of Mrs. Mart/, of Ogden, Utah.. early settlers.” Most of her effects were destroyed by the Con- i work undertaken In pursuance federates when they burned, in 1863,'the house' occupied by her grandson. , tms object is the reproduction in fac I Blmile of our earliest Philadelphia news¬ paper—the American Weekly Mercury— as already stated, of which the volume before us is the first instalment. It is in every respect a most admirable piece of work The first number of the American Weekly Mercury was issued in this city on December 22, 1719, and was a two-page pot ’ folio, printed in double column, three of which were taken up with Euro¬ pean news, while of the fourth three- •V quarters consisted of American shipping hews, the balance being made up of two William Bradford removed from Phila¬ advertisements, the first of which—a sort delphia in 1693 to New York, owing to the of salutatory address from the printer— persecution he had been subjected to by ■we quote in full: the party then locally dominant in both “This Paper will be Published Weekly, politics and religion. In his new home he and shall contain an Impartial account of became “Printer to their Majesties King Transactions, in the Several States of Eu¬ i,William and Queen Mary.” an office which rope, America, &c. All Persons rhat are lie retained for fifty years, and a vestry-i •willing to Encourage so Useful an Under¬ man of Trinity Church, vthich in those taking at the Moderate rate of Ten Shill¬ days meant a great deal more than it does ings a Year for the City of Philadelphia, now. ) Fifteen Shillings, for New Jersey, New Andrew Bradford was born in 1686, and {York and Maryland, Twenty Shillings, for In 1712 was sent by his father to establish Virginia, Rhode Island and Boston Procla¬ a new printing office in Philadelphia, the mation Money, (to be paid Quarterly) are sectarian effort of the Quakers under the desired to send their Names and places of names of Jausen and Reyr#jrs having abode to any of the following persons, been a dismal failure both typographically viz.: Mr. William Bradford, in New York; and financially. He remained here for the Mr. Evan Jones, at the City of Annapolis; rest of hts life, adding to success In busU Mr. Robinson, Post-Master, at Wliliams- ness as a printer and bookseller the office Burgh; Mr. Jacob Walker, at Hampton, in of Postmaster from 1732 until his; death in Virginia; Doctor Ryley, at New-Castle; 1742. Besides being the first to issue a Mr. Thomas Hill, at Salem; Mr. Campbell, newspaper, he disputes with Franklin the Post-Master, at Rhode-Island; Mr. John claim to have been the first to publish a Barclay, at Amboy; Mr. John Costard, at monthly magazine in America. Burlington, and Mr. Andrew Bradford, at A most important addition to the volume (Philadelphia." A little later, in number 11. Is the exhaustive index of names which; we find another advertisemnt, which, as has been supplied by the society. This' It throws light on the methods of getting covers no less than eleven folio pages, di¬ news in Bradford’s day, we also tran- vided into three columes, and containing scribe i upwards of 12.000 references to persons and “The Design of this Paper being to Pro¬ places. The fifty-two numbers of the Mer¬ mote Trade, it is hoped, that it will be in- cury, comprising its first year, have been couraged by the Merchants of this City, reproduced by a photo-mechanical process 'by Acquainting Us with the true price by the well known expert in such work, Current of the Several Goods inserted in Mr. Julius F. Sachse, printed on very It, which we presume may be Serviceable handsome paper and bound in cloth. The to All Concern’d in Commerce, Especially typographical appearance of the volume is to them, that have any of those Good’s to as much superior as is the quality of the ‘Sell, who will find a quicker Sale, by Our | paper to that of the original. To these Informing those persons that want them Improvements are added an exhaustive in¬ where they may be Supplied: We likewise dex, which leaves nothing to be desired Desire those Gentlemen that receive any but a speedy completion of the whole se¬ Authentick Account of News from Europe, ries. The tooling on the sides of the vol¬ or other places, which may be proper for ume is copied from a fine specimen of this paper, that they will please to fa- Bradford's work done in 1728. The society tour Us with a Copy.” , j proposes to continue the reprinting of the The founder of the American Weekly | Mercury at the rate of one or two volumes Mercury was Andrew Bradford, a son of a year, as its funds will permit. The price i that William Bradford who Introduced the per volume is $7.50. press into the middle colonies in 1685 in his quaintly worded inaugural prefixed to the ’“Kalendarium Pennsilvanlense or an Al¬ manack for the Year of Grace, 1686, Which we quote in extenso: THE PRINTER TO THE READERS. From, Hereby understand that after great Charge and Trouble, I have brought that great Art and Mystery of Printing into CtfujL •> : A. 1 this part of America, believing it may ha t>f great service to you in several respects, hoping to find Encouragement, not only in this Almanack, but what else I shall en¬ Tin.tr. rUA ^ /£. /ML.. ter upon for the use and service of the in¬ habitants of these parts. Some Irregular¬ // .. ... i ities, there be in this Diary, which I desire you to pass by this year; for being lately 1- - —-H come hither, my Materials were Misplaced A FLAG WITH A HISTORY. and out of order, whereupon I was forced to use Figures & Letters of various sizes, Superintendent of Police Linden lias st but understanding the want of something WSphy of the Rebellion at His Office. Df this nature, and being importuned Superintendent of Police Linden hung in thereto, I ventured to make publlck this, his room at City Hall yesterday a dingy desiring you to accept thereof, and by the American flag, which he has had at his next (as I find encouragement), shall en¬ home and on his travels since the close of deavour to have things compleat. And for /he war of the Rebellion. The flag, apart the ease of Clarks, Scrivniers, &c., I pro- •from its worn and faded appearance, has Bpose to print blank Bills, Bonds, Letters of an interesting history, especially to Mr. Attourney, Indentures, Warrants, &c., and I.inden. Originally the flhg was a posses¬ what else presents itself, wherein I shall sion of a Mrs. Harms, whose husband was be ready to serve you, and remain your a prosperous builder at Charleston, S. C. Friend, W. BRADFORD. He was loyal to the Union, and the Con- Philadelphia, the 28th, 10th Month, JL685. 8^ ■ I federates.' seizing a yacht belongirig“~to ' him, made a search for the flag he was known to have. His wife, however, a shrewd Yankee from Massachusetts, had sewed the standard on her dress, and all during the war continued to wear the emblem hidden by her skirts. Mr. Linden, after General Sherman had taken Colum¬ bia, S. C., was sent there with several ship carpenters of the navy, in which he' was enlisted, and, meeting Harms, who had lost everything and was anxious to secure work. Interested himself to get the de¬ spondent man something to do. In this endeavor Mr. Linden wag successful, and I the grateful wife, when her husband's benefactor left for the North, in June of |’65, presented him with the token which now hangs in his office. Several years ago, on a Southern trip, Mr. Linden visited Columbia, but could find no trace of the Harms, though he made diligent inquiry for them. _ _ t -t ~ j From,. .O^u/J Date/^ . • • Decatur’s Handsome Monument. few Philadelphians, however, when speaking of these brave commodores, are aw’are how intimate was their personal association with this city, and that all these heroes of our history lie buried 1 HOME OF HIE HEROES in our cemeteries. In a word, in Phila¬ delphia ore to be seen the graves of some of the moSt prominent men in the history of American naval arms. Monuments Reared in This City to The littie graveyard to the rear of old St. Mary’s Church on Fourth street, be¬ Old Commodores. low" Locust, holds the remains of some men whose names are written in red letters upon the book of American his¬ tory. One tomb marks the spot where TOMBS OF EIGHT GREAT MEN, Commodore Barry, well styled the “fath¬ er of the American navy,” lies. Com¬ modore John Barry was born in Tacum- Memorials of the Valor of Bain- shane. County Wexford, Ireland, in 1745. He followed the sea from childhood and bridge. Dale, Barry, Decatur, made his home in this city. At the Murray, Hall and the opening of the Revolutionary war he of¬ fered his services to Congress, and in Two Porters. February. 1776, W'as given command of the Lexington, in which he made the first capture of a British war vessel In connection with the glorious and accomplished by an American cruiser, stirring events in our naval history that of the tender Edward. which have transpired within the past For some time during the war he few weeks, the names of many of our acted as aide-de-camp to General Cad- naval heroes who have by their gallant walader. On the establishment of the conduct in battle made the record of new navy in 1794 he was made the senior the American navy an almost unbroken officer with-the rank of commodore. He line of brilliant exploits’ have been fre¬ commanded the frigate United States, quently mentioned, and their achieve¬ the building of which he superintended. ments placed side by side and compared The inscription on Commodore Barry’s with those of our heroes of the hour. tomb in old St. Mary’s Church-yard Bainbridge, Bale, Barry, Decatur, gives a resume of his valorous deeds Murray, Hull anti the two Porters have and tells how “his achievements in bat¬ all been mentufaed frequently of late tle and his renowned-naval tactics mer¬ and their splendid victories recalled. But ited for him the position of commodore j and the title of the father of the Amer- ! ican navy. He fought often and bled I in the cause of freedom, and yet withal j nent navatr.mnii When but 8 years of age, young Decatur made his first voy¬ age under, his father's care, and it is said that at this early period he deter¬ mined to f&llow in the footsteps of his sire. Through the aid of Commodore Barry, on April .‘10. 1798, he obtained a warrant as midshipman, and was placed on board of the frigate United States. At that time he was only 19 years of age. a handsome boy, well formed, cour¬ ageous. graceful and attractive. He labored hard to make himself mas¬ ter of his profession, and a cotemporarv writer states that he was “an officer of uncommon character and rare promise, one not equaled in a million.’’ As a naval officer Commodore Decatur be¬ came famous in our little Tripolitan war. At that time he was about 28 years of age. and had already become well known as a brave and skillful officer, with a talent for managing men as well as ships j While the little American squadron was cruising in the Mediterranean the frigate WHERE BRAVE Philadelphia in some way got aground in the harbor of Tripoli and was captured. Decatur asked permission of the com¬ mander, Commodore Preble, to get her was eminently gentle, kind, just and charitable.” back. The chief thought this a task im¬ possible to accomplish. However he WHERE DECATUR RESTS, commissioned Commodore Decatur to at¬ But a few squares away from St. tempt to burn the frigate so that .the Mary's churchyard, at the corner o.f Tripolitans could not use her. Fourth and Pine streets, is situated the With twenty men. picked from the graveyard attached to old St. Peter’s. sauadrou’s crew, one calm, dark night. Far up towards the western end of this Commodore Decatur set out on this per¬ enclosure looms high and clear-cut ilous errand. He managed to enter the against the sky a pure Ionic column, sur¬ harbor and get alongside the Philadel¬ mounted by an American eagle with phia without attracting the attention of wings outspread. This marks the final the Tripolitans, and when at last he was noticed his men were on board. In five minutes the deck was cleared ahd before the Tripolitan crew had gained their senses the ship was in flames from stem to stern and Commodore Decatur, with his gallant men was gliding safely out of the harbor. For this deed Commodore ! Decatur was presented with a sword by Congress. During the seven years of peaee that followed the Tripolitan wars Commodore Decatur was put in command of a squa¬ dron in Chesapeake Bay, and. a little later, of the frigate Chesapeake. And then, although he was only 28 years old. he received the rank and title of Com¬ mander in the navy. WON A GOLD MEDAL. When the war of 1812 broke out he was guarding the entrance to Chesa¬ peake Bay, and his first act after the out¬ break was to capture the English frigate Macedonia, for which Congress voted him a gold medal. After the war of 1812 Commodore Decatur held the office of navy commis¬ sioner for five years, until his death, which occurred in a duel with Commo¬ dore Barron. It had once been De¬ catur’s duty, as a member of a court martial, to try Commodore Barron for misconduct. From that day the latter imagined that Decatur was his personal enemy, and insisted upon challenging him to a duel, a challenge which in those days no man considered it honorable to resting place of Commodore Stephen De- i decline. And it was thus Commodore catur. Decatur died, at Bladensburg, on March Commodore Decatur came of seafaring 22, 1820, sincerely lamented by all his stock, as his father was also a promi- J countrymen. ^ X i ■*> J|B Another old graveyard in the heart o? in a sinking condition, this being tne the city is that belonging to old Christ first British war vessel which was cap¬ Church, and in this ancient burying tured in that conflict. In all nctious ground is the grave of Commodore WH- I Commodore Porter is said to have been liam Bainbridge, whose fame for valor among the bravest of the brave, zealous was world wide. Commodore Bainbridge and resolute in his performance of every was not a native Philadelphian, having duty. In the war of 1812 his. merits been born in Princeton, N. ,T., on May 7, were exhibited not merely ns an intrepid 1774, but he died in this city on July 28, commander, but in exploring new fields 1838. From his earliest youth Bain¬ of success and glory, and it is notable bridge displayed an adventurous disposi¬ that his engagements against superior , tion. At the age of 15 he entered the force and fearful disadvantage were the j merchant marine and when but 19 he most brilliant and remarkable in naval ( became commander of a merchantman. warfare. VALOROUS BAINBRIDGE AND DALE. After a brilliant military career Com¬ modore Porter was appointed Consul When the United States navy was or¬ General to the Barbarv States, from ganized in 1789. to protect our commerce which position he was transferred to against the invasions of the French Constantinople as Charge d'Affairs, and cruisers. Commodore Bainbridge Was se¬ in 1831 was made Minister Resident, lected for the command of the schooner which office he held until his death, which Retaliation, with the rank of lieutenant 'occurred in Constantinople while he i commander. When the war of 1812 was was engaged in the patriotic discharge | declared he was given command of the bf his duty on March 3, 1843. frigate Constitution, and also of the Close by the monument erected to tbe \ sloop Hornet. He took charge of the memory of Commodore David Porter is j Constitution and was wounded in the a simple headstone which marks the j fight between that noted vessel and the last resting place of his son. Commodore British frigate Java. Upon his return to William David Porter, who was born on I the United States he was received with j March 10, 1809. and died on May 1. ' high honors. Commodore Bainbridge 1864. Commodore William D. Porter established tbe first naval school for offi¬ was distinguished as a naval officer in cers, and in many other ways made him¬ the late civil war and was made com¬ self most valuable to the Government modore on July 16, 1862. which he so faithfully served. His de¬ THE MONUMENT TO MURRAY. portment is described as having been commanding, while his dress was always In Laurel Hill Cemetery there are many memorials of noted personages. neat. His temperament was ardent and soffiewlyit impetuous, and he was a man One of the most prominent of these was erected to the memory of Commodore of the greatest courage. Alexander Murray by the naval officers Commodore Richard Dale, of the stationed in Philadelphia as a tribute of Revolutionary navy, also lies buried in attachment and respect for his long and Christ Church yard. He was born at faithful public services. Commodore Norfolk, Va., on November 6, 1756. At Murray was born in Chestertown. Md.. nn early age he went to sea, and in 1776 in 1755. His father was a physician at he enlisted as a lieutenant in the Vir¬ that place, hut the boy preferred the life ginia navy. After a career signalized by of a sailor to that of a country doctor. various exciting episodes he joined John He consequently went to sea at an early Paul Jones' famous squadron as master age, and when hut. 18 he commanded a mate, and Jones soon made him first lieu¬ vessel engaged in the European trade. tenant of the Bon Homme-Richard. In When the Revolutionary war broke out this capacity he served with distinction he was appointed a lieutenant in the in the famous battle with the Serapis. on American navy, and it is a notable fea¬ September 22, 1779. Commodore Dale ture of his career that at the termination kept his commission until December 7, of this severe struggle he had participat¬ 1S02, when, after a very active life, he ed in thirteen engagements on sea and retired. He enjoyed the distinction of shore. Upon the reorganization of the having been praised by Lord Nelson, who American navy in 1796 he was com¬ after critically watching the seamanship missioned captain. In 1820 he was sent of the Commodore’s squadron, remarked with a squadron to the Mediterranean, that in the handling of those transatlan¬ where with his ship alone he fought a tic ships he observed a nucleus of trouble flotilla of seventeen gunboats and drove for the navy of Great Britain. This them into the harbor of Tripoli. His prediction was soon verified. Commo¬ last appointment was the command of the dore Dale died in this city on February navy yard in this city, and at his death, 26, 1826. which occurred on October 6. 1821, he THE TWO BRAVE PORTERS. was the senior officer in the United One of the most conspicuous. monu¬ States navy. ments in Woodland Cemetery is that Commodore Isaac Hull, the hero of the j marking the grave of Commodore David fight between the Constitution and Porter. For five generations his ances¬ Guerriere, is also buried in Laurel Hill tors had served in the navy. Commodore Cemetery. He became commander of Porter was born on February 1. 1780. the Constitution before the war of At the beginning of the war of 1812 he 1812. and the skillful manner in which was placed in command of tbe frigate he escaped from the English fleet while Essex, sailing from New York and car¬ cruising off Sandy Hook, although great¬ rying a flag with the words: “Free trade ly disconcerting the British, ealled forth and sailors’ rights.” In a short cruise from them spontaneous remarks of ad¬ he captured several merchantmen. In miration. It was on August 18, 1807, : August, 1812. he was attacked by the that the celebrated conflict with the British armed ship Albert, which after Guerriere occurred. The Constitution an action of eight minutes surrendered i was but slightly injured in the terrible 92 encounter, and it was then that he gained the designation of “Old Iron¬ commonplace, three-story brick houses, sides." Hull was given a gold medal for, although, from neglect, it is fast go- by Congress for his valorous conduct in | t° decay, it still shows unmistakable this action, and the sum of .$50,000 was evidences of having been once a very hand¬ voted to be distributed among the of¬ some and attractive mansion. ficers and crew of the Constitution as * * * prize money. Commodore Hull died in At the moment the history of this old I this city on February 13. 1843, his last dwelling and the stirring incidents that words being: “I strike my flag." His led up to its occupation by an exiled Span¬ tomb in Laurel Hill is a beautiful struc¬ ish King are particularly interesting and ture of Italian marble similar to one well worth recalling. After- the battle he had seen in Rome, and surmounted/ of vv aterlco. that shattered every remain¬ "by the American eagle in the attitude^u ing hope of the House of Bonaparte to defense. ^ I the throne of France, it was easy to per- sude the ex-King of Spain that he would be safer away from his native land. But before he sailed he went to take leave of Eapoleon, whom he found sick, both in body and mind. Joseph then offered to 4 take liis brother’s place and 'to remain in From,e...vUj his room, feigning illness for several days, by which time Napoleon would be well out to sea. The Emperor refused, saving he could not take flight and desert Ins faith¬ ( ffwCtE ful officers. He, however, urged upon his brother to leave the country, advising him to reside in the United States somewhere DateypliAil between the cities of New York and Phila¬ delphia, in order to be within easy reach of news. Joseph Bonaparte sailed for the United States on the American brig Commerce from the little port of Royan, near Bor¬ deaux, on July 25, 1815, landing in Amer¬ ica on August 20, the very day on which the British man-of-war Northumberland passed the Canary Islands bearing Na¬ poleon to his dreary exile, St. Helena. Arriving in this country Joseph took the name of Count de Survilliers, from a vil¬ lage situated upon his estate of Monte- fontaine. He made his first public appear¬ ance in New York, where he appeared on the afternoon of September 1. This is to be learned from the newspapers of that period, as the next day they announced that Joseph Bonaparte had succeeded in The House Where the Exiled cheating the vigilance of the English cruisers and m reaching the United States King of Spain Lived Joseph Bonaparte remained in the Me¬ tropolis for a few days and then journeyed to Philadelphia._ Shortly after his arrival here Poulsen's T NO. 2G0 South Ninth street, Advertiser announced that he had brought 1 hdadelphia, m the very with him a great fortune and vaguely add¬ heart of the old-fashioned sec¬ ed that he pad immediately bought vast tion of the city, is a tall three- estates in this new country. This,however,l story dwelling, with mansard was incorrect, the greater part of his roof. It is built of brick, c-ov- nicnev being invested in a collection of ob-! ered with plaster and painted iects of art and valuable precious stones, a dark gray. The entrance is at the side the sale of which he purchased his and not directly on the street, but through property in the United States, which an iron gateway and thence along a brick included his farm, known as Point Breeze, uP-a stoep flight of steps. on the banks of the Delaware River, near Of late this old building has attracted Bordentown, N. J. When Joseph Bona- considerable attention from curious by- Sarte arrived in Philadelphia the house on passers aware of its history, as it was at¬ finth street, which was built about 1800, one time the residence of Joseph Bona- by a wealtny Irishman, named Joseph parte, ex-King of Spain and Naples and Meenys, was considered one of the few elder brother of the great Napoleon, and residences of the Quaker City palatial is thus distinguished as the only residence enough for the residence of even an exiled standing m this country to-day that has King. At that time it was owned by a ever been occupied by a Spanish monarch very wealthy Quaker shipping merchant. Lven to-day, although long years have Chandler Price, by name. Mr. Price was passed since it was occupied by the exiled approached by Maillard, Bonaparte’s pri¬ monarch, it still retains a strong atmos¬ vate secretary, and asked at what figure, phere of customary Spanish mystery in he would rent the dwelling. As at that its immediate neighborhood, seeming in- time Joseph Bonaparte could not own, at deed like a grim and proud old Don set to least in his own name, property in this j spy on his neighbors, but quite unwilling country, he was obliged to purchase his that they should become familiar with property in Bordentown in tne name of a his affairs or his poverty. third person. Soon after acquiring this For one thing it is so different in it? property, however, the State of New Jer- appearance from the surrounding modern , Piasters were dung upon the walls, while sey passed an act enabling the ex-King solid heavy furniture of massive outline to hold real estate in that State. fulfilledf ponderous mahogany, solemnly As Mr. Price was attached to the man- iuihUed the requirements of daily life sion, tiiiQ, like the nia,jority of liis fellow- j „ 1I?. **?e spacious dining room of citizens, under the impression that Bona¬ the old Ninth street house is a mahog¬ parte was extremely wealthy, he was not any sideboard with marble top. It wfs inclined to lease his property for a song once the property of Joseph Bonaparte but after some dickering he finally renteci while on the Avails are frescoes in two the house tor a handsome consideration to colors in the style of the First Empire the Count de Survilliers. * * representing the loves of Venus. On Ninth street, close by the garden wall Like most exiles, the ex-King of Spain IS u i seen half buried in the earth’ did his best to make his Ninth street an old bronze cannon which was put there home in Philadelphia as much like his iby Joseph Bonaparte to save the wall residence in his native land as possible from his carnage wheels. This was a surrounding himself with all that would recall memories and associations of the Europe’ &t °ne tlme’ very common in past. To accomplish this purpose he * * * made use of objects of art as his principal means of producing and fostering such regardP^BKfParteW;as exclusive in illusions. Many valuable pictures by old regard to his associates during his rpsi W-S4fc.City' yet, at same time The House in Philadelphia Where the Exiled King of Spain Lived I T''i 94 Sf : - Entrance to the Famous Bonaparte House in This City lie lormea TEany enaurmg mendships, • " The ex-queen of Spain did not follow both with eminent Americans and among her husband to this country, as she was the numerous titled foreign immigrants, in mortal terror of the sea, but there was who at that time found a refuge in the no estrangement between the two, and New World. Among those who visited letters were continually exchanged be¬ him on Ninth street and occupied the tween them. His two daughters, Tenaide position of friends and not mere ac¬ with her husband, Prince Charles, and quaintances, the names of Henry Clay, Charlotte, the younger of the two girls, Daniel Webster and John Quincy Adams both followed their father _ into exile. are prominent, as are the names of Liv¬ Thev mingled to an extent in Phllaael- ingstone, Admiral Charles Stewart (grand¬ pma society and were very popular, len- father of the late Mr. Parnell), Richard aide, the elder sister, was stout and fair, 1 Stockton, General Thomas Cadwalader, thoroughly sympathetic and in society I besides many others, four especially, viz: charming. 1 Joseph Hopldnson, Dr. Nathaniel Chap¬ Charlotte, the younger daughter, man, William Short and Charles J. In- slight and dark, with deep-set, thous gersoll. The ex-monarch had the rare ful eyes. She was quite accomplish good fortune, well merited in his case, being able to draw exceedingly ” to meet with unbounded devotion in his Some of her paintings in oil are really remarkable as the production of an ama¬ ' faffs caused the postponement of the teur. She ieas sprightly and fascinating work. and became, in time, one of the leading About the time that Congress met In belles”of Philadelphia. Charlotte like her the building, at the comer of Sixth and sister married a first cousin the eldest Chestnut streets, prior to 1799, a conectlng son of Louis, King of Holland and father structure was made between that build¬ |of the late Emperor Napoleon til. ing and the west wing bu'ldlng, as shown * * * on one of the views of the row. There Is 'I Bonaparte resided in this dwelling but no record, so far as Is known, of this a comparatively short while, as in the structure or for what It was used. Only summer or fall of 1816 he gave up house¬ one picture has been found which shows keeping in Philadelphia and took up his It residence at Bordentown. There is a ru- A Sweeping Change. I mor to the effect that the discovery and The next great change was made in consequent abrupt termination of a love 1S13, when the arcades and wing build¬ affair with the daughter of a. Frenchman ings were entirely removed, and were re¬ in humble circumstances, residing in this placed by the two story structures, which city, was the principal cause for the noble are familiar to the present generation, I exUe’8 departure from Philadelphia. This, and which were demolished last year. I however, waS prouaoi.y "luie gossip, as it The changes then made were radical, and is well known that Joseph Bonaparte de- destroyed the symmetry of Hamilton’s lighted in the country. He loved the design. The erection of these nonde¬ trees and the flowers, and a quiet peace¬ script wings against the State House j ful life, far away from noise, politics and dwarfed it, and detracted seriously from great cities. And, moreover m select- Its dignity. Utility only was considered, ins Bordentown as bis home he was only and historical associations were given no following out his brother’s instructions weight. At this time the spire had not to reside between Philadelphia and New been restored. With the same disregard York. for architectural consistency and histori¬ Wr __ —-:-- cal accuracy, an ornamental front door was put In, which was entirely out of keeping with the pure Colonial style of the building. The next change was the restoration of the wooden steeple, in 1828. The move- | ment^ for a restoration of the building commenced about 1824. when Lafayette visited the city and expressed his surprise at the changes made. A committee of Councils was appoint¬ ed to report plans for rebuilding the ' steeple. Then arose the first discussion as to restoring the building on the old lines. Some were in favor of restoring the steeple with brick, the argument being that durability was a prime consideration. That plan was opposed vigorously by Mr. STATE HOUSE OF 1TT6 Tilghman, who said he regarded the re¬ building of the steeple as the entering J / wedge for restoring the building to its original state. The restoration, he said, WILL'M OPENBD TO THE PUBLIC ON was then possible, as persons were then JULY 4 living who remembered the exact appear¬ ance in every part. In fifty years it would be impossible. The old door, the old roof, Principal Featnres of Changes Made all the ancient characteristics of the _Beauty of the Restored Rooms— building might then be restored at the expense of a few hundred dollars, and he i Their Future Uses. was determined to make the effort. The objections prevailed, and the new steeplo ■ was made like the old, except that it was The old State House, In Its restored made higher, and clock faces were put In i form, will be thrown open to public inspec¬ on each of the four sides. tion on the Fourth of July. The high Restoration Begun. fence on Chestnut street, which has ex¬ The outward appearance of the build¬ cluded the public while the work of ings has remained the same from July 4, restoration was in progress, will be torn 1828, until the tearing down of the wing down on Saturday night, and a view of the buildings last year. No changes of im¬ row of buildings, as they appeared when portance were made on the second floor the Declaration of Independence was of the State House until the “consolida¬ signed, will be possible for the first time tion" of the city, In 1864, when it was ap¬ during the present century. There are propriated for the sessions of Select and many small details yet to be completed. Common Councils. On the completion of We publish in the “Ledger” this morn¬ quarters in the new City Hall, Councils ing a series of views showing In their abandoned the State House, and in 1895-5 order the changes which have been made the second floor was restored to Its origi¬ In the State House and wing buildings nal condition. The result was so pleas¬ 1 since July 4, 1776. The first marked j , ing that it was decided to restore the change was the removal of the wooden ! whole of State House row to the condi¬ steeple. In 1787. It was found to be un¬ tion in which it was'in 1776, and the mat¬ safe in 1774, and was ordered to be taken ter was placed in the hands of the pres¬ i down, but the unsettled condition of af- ent city officials, Messrs. Charles F. War¬ wick. Mayor; Frank M. Riter, Director i E 1— powder canister 2— CHAIN SHOT 5— DOOR LOCK 4— PART OF BAYONET 5— FLINT GUN LOCK 4-CANNON BALL J-BRASS DOOR ICNOB t-TOMAHAWK 9— CHISEL HANDU 10- SHUTTER FASTENER Found. for a long time of Public Safety; A. S. Eisenhower, Chief of the Bureau of City Property; William vl£ mate* a special study of facts re- C. Haddock, Chief of the Bureau of Build¬ ing Inspectors, and T. Mellon Rogers, ar latins Way. chitect; also of an Advisory Committee Before coming to any decision as to the appointed by the Mayor, consisting of worBek.fo r®to Tiebe done methe committeehlng made thftt a Justice Samuel T. Mitchell, Judge Sam¬ uel Y. Pennypacker, Plampton L. Carson. Vnnld Cbe found relating to the subject. Dr. F. D. Stone, Charles S. Keyser, Jacob ?n his they were assisted by many per- ln tms in x d correspondence or J. Seeds, Mrs. Charles C. Harrison and Mrs. Mary B. Chew. Dr. Stone died not long after his ap¬ Sss’.rssairavsrts pointment, and Mr. Keyser resigned from the committee. Both these gentlemen were of great service in the preliminary work llcation . Pictures or drawings made of establishing the facts in relation to the rtaorPneCaerdthePperiod. As to the interior condition of the building in 1776, the for¬ details'll would seem to be a more diffl- mer on account of his familiarity with the history of the city, as he had been I & 97 ELICS FOUND IN ITS WALLS. rep tfa 11 Hiult task to restore what haa r>een ao- ;ov- solutely torn away and other things sub¬ _7___plty stituted,but here is just where some of the mauu uy Jumi r.ceu, ana is evidently the most indisputable evidence of the orig¬ work of an architect, all the details being inals has been obtained, although after so carefully drawn that they are un¬ the main plan of the restoration had been doubtedly copies of the original. This determined upon. picture is published in the “Ledger” to¬ Before the tearing out had commenced day. holes were dug into the walls and floors The Arcades. to determine where the old partitions had been located, and where, or whether, The restoration of the arcades which doors or windows had existed. After the flank the building on either side will prob- I floors and planter had been removed, or ably be welcomed by every one as soon as I [wainscoting had been taken down, much they are seen. They are to be left open, ^unexpected evidence -was obtained. Where giving a view of the square from Chest- I doors had been supposed to exist in the .4H.t street^ and thua carrying out. In one I [early days it was shown that none had sense, the terms of the deed from the lever been there, and doors were disclosed Commonwealth to the city, making the which had been bricked up. The tearing square “an open green and walk for¬ down of the eastern wing building showed ever.” It is quite true that all pictures the unmistakable evidence of a building show these arches walled up on the south which had been entirely forgotten, and of side. Whethef they were originally so Which, up to the present time, there is or not, there is no evidence. Possibly nothing but indirect evidence. The colo¬ when the Colonial Library was built, nial library building, which was author- blocking up the eastern arcade, the west¬ orlzed to be built, and for which it is on ern arcade was walled up to make them record that a librarian was appointed in uniform. Long before they were torn 3761, and from which many letters were down in 1813 they were open, and there dated, was considered by all local his¬ are still living in this city men who as, torians as never having existed, yet its boys used to run back and forth into the roof lines, cornice and perpendicular were j square through these arcades. It has also so plainly marked on the old State House been decided not to restore,at least for the that all doubt of its existence vanished. i present, the old stairways which all the New documents have been coming to I pictures show to have been under these light from time to time, and one very arches. ^There was no trouble in locating valuable picture of the building was quite the arclfes properly, as the marks where recently discovered accidentally among they stopd against the State House were some old papers in possession of the plainly visible on its walls when the side American Philosophical Society. It is building^ were torn down. without question the most reliable pic¬ The State House. ture known to exist, and has the addi¬ The most noticeable change in the State tional merit of having been made in 177I, House, looking at the front, is the door¬ way. The ornamental doorway was put . •< v|L - % to remove from the sign hanging or pro¬ tunate rencont jecting from his store, at 1027 Walnut abroad. The t) street, inscribed the words: 'Established NEW PUBLICATIONS, of amiable paj 1859,’ and to remove from the bu’k window worst of one ar of said store, the figures 1859,’ “and the futui “It is further ordered, adjudged and de¬ STORIES OF OHIO. By William Dean start on their t creed that the complainants, as successors Howells. American Book Company, New York. man” third ck of the firm of I. B. Seeley & Co., and pur¬ three ever obst chasers of the good-will of that firm, are Mr. Howells carries his stories of his i entitled to receive all postal matter re- native State far beyond the memory of Joyed more hea sparkling, mirtl * lating to the truss business addressed to man, when the slow moving glaciers of it is yet unwrit ‘Seeley’s Truss Establishment,’ with any the Ice Age wrote their records on the Mrs. Cotes’s address other than 1027 Walnut street, or hills and rocks and valleys. Following travelling comp ‘I. B. Seeley & Co.,’ and also all letters this icebound period there came a mys¬ cago. After as or orders from customers of the firm of I. terious people who left their traces in B. Seeley & Co., or their predecessors in the curious mounds and other earth works returned to thi eagle’s wing, a the business intended for Said firm or its that abcrund in Ohio. His pre-historic ^predecessors or successors In the business chapters are, however, but introductory gagement with cause of his , __ howsoever addressed, and all letters or to the times yet remote, but immeasur¬ gUgjgl orders asking for information as to re- ably nearer when Ohio passed through and because I ;gnewals, repairs or duplications of trusses French and English hands up to the war through his nd castically sugg or other articles originally, furnished by of the Revolution, which finally gave the g|the firm I. B. Seeley & Co., or their pre- province to the United States. A mighty ynx.” “Poppa” ture by teleph §sdecessors or successors in the business flood of emigration poured Into this fetile not intended for Isaac B. Seeley and the land from New England, New Jersey, emergency and said Isaac B. Seeley is hereby directed to Pennsylvania, from Virginia and Mary¬ abroad. Aiwa --.immediately deliver to the said complajn- land, and with their coming there began Florence, Rom< stand in.” The 1 [ M ants> when and as received by him, any that American strain which has made I such orders or letters. The costs subse¬ Ohio the most typical American State In pace. Old tour: quent to the filing of the amended and the Union. A long list of brave men and and new ones and from the supplemented bill to be paid by the de¬ heroic deeds are recalled in these pages,and fendant.” with their stories are interspersed graphic enveloped in a., descriptions of life in the backwoods, of spirits and good ly returns to A Applications for a ChurcU Charter. the homes, dress and customs of the early colors, and the Judge McMichael, in Court No. 2, ap¬ settlers, of their primitive churches and steamer which pointed Robert H. Hincaley master, to schools, of the struggles, the sufferings see to it that hear the application of the Tremont Me¬ and sacrifices of these pioneers. Nor does the distinction of this State stop here. their libraries, morial Presbyterian Church for a charter. dispel ennui an Ohio took a prominent part in the Civil sickness. A Receiver Asked For. War, and Mr. Howells recounts the hero¬ A bill in equity was filed in Court No. 3 ism of her great Generals and of her THE FIRE OF Ibetween Frank P. Kemon, the R. P. humble soldiers who fought in nearly all nett Burrow. ansant Lumber Company and Frank B. the battles of that great i yg t* Th a Kncilr jFolsom, complainants, and Percy Hagy ~.nd George Hagy, defendants. It recites '■f for a long time the IJbrarian^fLJ Ure^Hls- ; of Public Safety; A. S. Eisenhower, Chief of the Bureau of City Property, William b°rviSr made "a special study of facts re- C. Haddock, Chief of the Bureau of Build¬ ing Inspectors, and T. Mellon Rogers, ar¬ lating Way. chitect; also of an Advisory Committee r,ofnrp coming to any decision as to the appointed by the Mayor, consisting of workBe.fo *®to beup done tnethe committeeeverything made that a Justice Samuel T. Mitchell, Judge Sam¬ uel Y. Pennypacker, Hampton L. Carson, very u f no nd relating to the subject. Dr. F. D. Stone, Charles S. Keyser, Jacob J. Seeds, Mrs. Charles C. Harrison and Mrs. Mary B. Chew. Dr. Stone died not long after his ap¬ pointment, and Mr. Keyser resigned from the committee. Both these gentlemen were Ucatlons. Th drawings made of great service in the preliminary work of establishing the facts in relation to the condition of the building in 1776, the for¬ details it would seem tom be va hmore™S‘S- mer on account of his familiarity with the history of the city, as he had been I 97 i cult task to restore-what had been ab¬ jthe nearest date to the period to be cov¬ solutely torn away and other things sub¬ ered of any. It is on a map of the city stituted,but here is just where some of the made by John Reed, and is evidently the most Indisputable evidence of the orig¬ work of an architect, all the details being inals has been obtained, although after so carefully drawn that they are un¬ the main plan of the restoration had been doubtedly copies of the original. This determined upon. picture is published in the “Ledger” to- ! Before the tearing out had commenced day. holes were dug into the walls and floors The Arcades. to determine where the old partitions had been located, and where, or whether, The restoration of the arcades which doors or windows had existed. After the flank the building on either side will prob- | floors and plaster had been removed, or ably be welcomed by every one as soon as I wainscoting had been taken down, much they are seen. They are to be left open, giving a view of the square from Chest- unexpected evidence was obtained. Where doors had been supposed to exist in the ,SWt Street, and thus carrying out. In one I early days it was shown that none had sense, the terms of the deed from the ever been there, and doors were disclosed Commonwealth to the city, making the which had been bricked up. The tearing square “an open green and walk for¬ jdown of the eastern wing building showed ever." It is quite true that all pictures the unmistakable evidence of a building show these arches walled up on the south which had been entirely forgotten, and of side. Whethef they were originally so ; which, up to the present time, there is or not, there is no evidence. Possibly nothing but Indirect evidence. The colo¬ when the Colonial Library was built, nial library building, which was author- blocking up the eastern arcade, the west¬ orlzed to be built, and for which it is on ern arcade was walled up to make then) record that a librarian was appointed in uniform. Long before they were torn 1761, and from which many letters were down in 1813 they were open, and there dated, was considered by all local his¬ are still living in this city men who as torians as never having existed, yet its boys used to run back and forth into the roof lines, cornice and perpendicular were j square through these arcades. It has also !so plainly marked on the ol& State House I been decided not to restore,at least for the that all doubt of its existence vanished. I present, the old stairways which all the New documents have been coming to I pictures show to have been under these light from time to time, and one very arches. There was no trouble in locating valuable picture of the building was quite the arclfes properly, as the marks where recently discovered accidentally among they stood against the State House were some old papers in possession of the plainly visible on its walls when the side American Philosophical Society. It is buildings were torn down. without question the most reliable pic¬ The State House. ture known to exist, and has the addi¬ The most noticeable change in the State tional merit of having been made in 1774, House, looking at the front, is the door¬ way. The ornamental doorway was put 7 1824. The old pictures show what it was courts are held, and as you pass the aisle originally, and the new door is modelled you have a full view of the court.” This after an old door found under the stair¬ description was written by a foreign vis¬ way. It Is a literal copy of the moulding itor, who also spoke of the three Supreme and size. The originals are still stored Court Judges sitting in scarlet robes, and away in the cellar. The old latch has the “'Chief Judge, McKean, sitting with been removed and placed on the new door. his hat on,” which he thought deroga¬ It was found in the cellar. tory to the dignity of a Judge. It is on entering the building that the It will also be noted that the passage most surprising change is noted. The from front to rear is paved with red old Supreme Court chamber, or what was bricks. The committee had considerable recently a museum, is separated from the discussion on this subject, but as bricks passage by three tall open arches and were found at points where they must pillars. The effect is beautiful. The have rested originally, they were adopt¬ arches were always there, but at some ed, and exact counterparts were made time since 1776 they have been closed up for the purpose, as they differed in size with a partition. Just when this was from those now in common use. done cannot now be told, but that they Judicial Chamber. were originally open is proven by con¬ The restoration of the Supreme Court temporary descriptions of the building. room has opened two windows and a door One of these, written in 1787, speaks of in the west end of the room. The door is "the broad opening to a large hall toward placed at the height of the dais, or plat¬ the west end, which opening is supported form, on which the Judges sat, through by arches and pillars. In this hall the which they entered and retired from the i court room. A stairway, not yet built, led from this door down into the square. —— THE REMODELED STATE HOUSE ROW. The windows are raised to correspond with the height of the door and platform. removed they were found covered on the' It was supposed that a door would be back with the soot and firemarks made found on the Chestnut street end of the before the adoption of the Franklin wall, but there was no evidence found of stoves, with which the building was af¬ any having been there. The height of the terwards heated. This soot has been left platform was found by the holes in the untouched. The outer hearths are of red wall where the joists were supported. tile and the inside of soapstone. Independence Hall. Flanking the fireplaces are two doors, The first thing to strike the eye on en¬ one at the north end and the other at the tering Independence Hall is the eastern south end of the wall. They cover no wall, which presents an entirely new as¬ opening in the wall. It was shown that pect, with its two fireplaces, one on each there never had been a door at the Chest¬ side of the President's platform. When nut street end, but that a door at the the wainscoting which covered them was south end. which must have been an en- I trance into the Colonial Library, had been closed and bricked up. The old the floor has been replaced with a floor of oak inches thick. A new were about ten inches wide. ITie whole ceiling- replaces the old one. It has a floor had sagged, and iron trusses have handsome centre piece, to correspond with been put in to prevent any further set¬ *h^““.ln Cent,re Hall, from which de- tling. whlch hh0 e.xquls,t® crystal chandelier which has always hung there. A cornice I The Tower. whiek « rU UP a11 around the room, The old staircase in the tower was re¬ ^ liich is. an exact copy of the cornice in I newed by replacing the treads and risers with new ones of oak, and thoroughly Fre Ceh re haU- -The cellin& ls a delicate French gray, with dull finish. All the ’'epairing the hand rails and balusters. woodwork throughout the building has The wainscoatlng was repaired and the been burned off, shellacked, sandpapered walls replastered. The woodwork of the and painted with five coats of cream tower was thoroughly examined by bor¬ white, China gloss finish. The window ing into every piece, but no dry rot was sashes, which were much decayed were found. Wherever any of the masonry renewed with sashes of the same pattern was defective it was cut away and rein¬ The Old Dell. forced. The stay rods were tightened and nuts screwed up. The original shin¬ °f the slg:ners Pt the Dec¬ gle roof is still on the building, covered up laration have been restored to their places I by the tin. on the walls, and the chairs in which they sat are ranged around the room, but the Clock and Bell. brass rail which kept the people from A decidedly new feature to this genera¬ them has not been restored. The Presi tion is the restoration of the old clock dent's and Secretary's tables are in their faces on the east and west ends of the accustomed places, but the Liberty Bell State House. These have not yet been has been placed in the tower hall, where put in; but the old fashioned clock case, it stood Centennial year. A new wooden like a grandfathers' clock, built from the foundation has been made for it which ground up, on the west end, just at the stands on wheels, so that in case of fire rear of the arches, is nearly completed. the beli can be quickly removed from the This Is made exactly like the original. It bulloing. The bronze supporting frame is of soapstone, and the interior will be which supported it on its trip to the Chi utilized to bring up the heat flues from cago Exposition, has been retained. The' the cellar to the first and second stories. old original wooden yoke from which the The question as to whether the restora¬ bell ls hung has been strengthened by tion shall go to the extent of taking out the dials now in the tower and replacing wMchrlLetf- „The large tImber frame which originally supported it has been them with the ornamental windows shown preserved, and will be placed somewhere in the first illustration (Reed's map) has in the building. already been raised. The bare suggestion The Second Floor. has aroused opposition, and it is probable that as animated a discussion will ■ be All the work on the second floor was completed last year. It was done by the aroused in Councils when the proposition Daughters of the American Revolution to make the change is brought before Mrs. Charles C. Harrison, Regent. The i them as was had when it was first pro¬ architect, T. Mellon Rogers, and the con¬ posed to rebuild the tower and make it tractors, Stacy Reeves & Sons, were the' I strong enough to hold a bell. At that time same as for the work now being done ; (1828) the whole light about the tower centered around the cioclWand bell. It The change on this floor obliterates all ended in a compromise. traces of its occupation for two genera¬ The two clock faces at the ends of the tions by City Councils. The long ban- State House will be connected with the quetting hall extending along Chestnut present clock by long rods. A diligent hunt street for the full length of the building was made for the original clock, but all is the chief feature. The rear portion is clues seemed to indicate that it was divided into three rooms. The room in the middle at the head of the stairway, with St‘ Augustine’s Church in 1841. Many paintings and engravings show j or vestibule, is the smallest. At the east what the faces were like. is a large room, used formerly by com¬ mittees. and the west room was called Wins Buildings. a council chamber. So far as the exteriors are concerned, there was no great difficulty in restoring In all these rooms fireplaces were dis¬ the two wing buildings at the ends of the ' covered, one at each end of the banquet arcades. There is no great difference hall and one in each of the other rooms. shown in the engravings and paintings. It These have been restored,with tile hearths is not so well known into what rooms they and soapstone linings. Mantels have been were divided. The eastern wing had the restored, fragments of which, found in the lower floor divided into two rooms. It is masonry, giving a cue to their character. uncertain how the first floor of the west The entrance to the banqueting hall from wing was divided. Its Tapper room was the vestibule is under an arch. The archi¬ used by the Philadelphia Library Com¬ tect got the data for the construction of pany, and the flags captured durirfg the this arch from the Chew mansion, Ger¬ Revolution were deposited there. It was mantown, as he had seen a record that occupied at one time about the close of Chief Justice Chew was so pleased with the last century by the State Supreme the decorations of the State House that Court. The upper room of the east wing i he had them duplicated in his own resl- I dence. was used as a committee room for the As¬ sembly and fjp Congress, and Charles The plaster In the*e rooms has been Thomson, the Secretary of Congress, had tinted colonial buff, and the woodwork his private office there. m-eam white, China gloss. The floor has Some of the Rellca. been renewed with oak. A panel of glass about 3 feet by 2 feet, covers a section of J°at few relics were found in the pro- the original floor, none of which has been f the reconstruction. The most notable were found in a recess about flf- removed, showinar that the oak boards teen inches square on the east wall of the ■ State House, just_ where the arcade Yp # 101 touenea tne walT They~were probably de¬ posited there when the arches were torn down In 1813. They consisted of a chain shot, powder canister, flint lock of a gun From and a cannon ball—all warlike Imple- '-They were not replaced In the building, and are now in possession of the Restoration Committee. In clearing out the cellars there were found a part of a bayonet, a shutter fas- tener and a door lock, all of ancient de- D(itep'l probably ^eentek™! off the^i' Wh‘fh had AfeODND WHICH WILL BE THE STARS ! —-- I ?ibr «p„":h',n °'r*"s •u Th«>”"™ feeing Made by the Wm. E curiosity. ’ d the screws are a What Shall be Done with Them? Horstmann Company of thaVlfter^r5 ^ Westcott- the historian This City. This House, Incidentally, Was Without Competitors on a Big Flag Contract. i’ tunity for inspection, will preserve tnem from injury. Experience in past Thus Directing Attention Anew to years has shown that it is quite easy to fill them with all sorts of trash in'the Philadelphia's Industrial Supre¬ wa.y of relics which have no historic macy — Historically value, and it is probable that this will be Located. o.-vs stematicater^t,aegainSt use of p0> the' the rooms. ^option of some The collection of portraits or the sitmers theTJr>ecI,aratlon. commenced in 1854 Special Despatch to “The Press.” eff'en.Peales gallery of paintings was Washington, D. C., July 2.—It came offered at auction, has resulted in gath- to the knowledge of your correspondent aH the P°rtraits of that to-day that several especially elaborate illustrious body of patriots now obtain¬ and beautifully embroidered flags were able, and they have been placed in Inde- being made for the President and Sec¬ pendence^Hall,together with a large num- retary of War. Among them are two ter of chairs originally used there. Also silken and three bunting flags. The the desks of the President and Secretary silken flags will be about 4 by 6^ feet in and the silver inkstand used by the Sec- size, while the ones to be made of bunt¬ reiary. It has come to be recognized that ing will measure 8% by 16 feet. All will nothing: else shall be placed in that room bear in the center the seal of the United but what it originally contained, or States, surrounded by stars. They will which has direct relation to it. There is be exquisitely beautiful and the con¬ no such understanding in regard to any tract calls for their delivery in ten days other room as yet. to two weeks. The fact that contracts have been awarded for the making- of these flags has been zealously guarded and the intelligence came to your corres¬ pondent by the merest chance. Tour correspondent was informed that the flags are being made by the William H. Horstmann Company, of Philadelphia, then made is now known the world over who have done much notable military and as the Star Spangled Banner of the flag work for the Federal Government United States of America. In addition to the various United States There is a striking coincidence between ensigns, jacks, mail, pennants, interna¬ the design of our flag and the arms of tional code, weather signals, etc, General Washington, which consisted of three stars in the upper portion, and A visit by a “Press” representative to three bars running across the escutcheon. the establishment of the Horstmann History informs us that several flags Company at Fifth and Cherry Streets were used by the Yankees before the confirmed the above despatch, though present national one was adopted. At Mr. Walter Horstmann, the president "of first a stripe was added for each new the company, declined to give out any State: hut the flag became too large, details for publication. The fact that the and Congress reduced the stripes to the intelligence had been chronicled in the original thirteen, and now the stars' , despatch from Washington, he admitted, are made to correspond in number*-’.- however, was justification for his con¬ the States. 'Vic firming it. TEE HORSTMANN CO. The Horstmann Company have been the successful bidders for much import- . HISTORICALLY LOCATED. ant local. State and Federal Govern¬ ment ■work in the military supplies, flag and bunting line. Much of this work Significant That the First American has been finished and turned over to the Flag Was Made Right in Their respective Government officials. It has always given satisfaction. The company Midst—Flag Making. is still working, however, on many im¬ Very naturally, growing out of the portant contracts for bunting flags,' gar¬ rison, post and storm flags, silk reg¬ fact that at No. 239 Arch Street there imental flags, color staffs, etc., and silk ! was made the first American flag, there and bunting ambulance flags, etc. The is an historic interest attached to the i regimental flags are all hand-embroider¬ neighborhood. It is regarded by Phila¬ ed with the branch and number of the delphians as rather interesting that this regiment embroidered in the center. The historic association of a neighborhood company, by the way, manufactures its with the American flag is kept continu¬ own bunting and does the entire work of every contract entrusted to it. Tt is ally fresh in the public mind by Messrs. the only house manufacturing bunting Horstmann Co., who have had a con-| flags of all nations! tinuous existence right in the neighbor- ’ hood for eighty-two years, and who to¬ day are admittedly the largest manu- j facturers of flags and bunting, as well as regalia of every description, in the ! United States, if not in the world. Apropos of this, it is worth while to i chronicle here that, as has been said, j Philadelphia has the distinction of being the only city in the United States able • to meet the requirements of the Fed¬ eral Government for the equipping with national and regimental colors of troops being put in the field. When the bids were opened, in New York city, it was found that only one bid had been pre¬ sented—that the William H. Horstmann Company, of Philadelphia. This, then, is the justification for the subjoined sketch of the Horstmann Com- j pany—and it is an ample one—that Phila¬ delphia is the home of the acknowledged largest plant, certainly, in this coun¬ try, for the turning out of flags, bunt- j ing, etc. This supremacy means that the company which maintains it has been guided by wise counselors, con¬ stantly on the alert for mechanical and any other improvements, and always looking to the development of their bus¬ iness. That the company has succeeded in outclassing competitors, in the sense of being first in their line of business, speaks much for the business acumen of the management. £39 Arch Street, Where the First Flag Was Made. RISE AND GROWTH OF THE HOUSE. WHERE THE FIRST FLAG WAS MADE. Steady and Assured Success of the William H. Horstmann Company. Philadelphia’s Pardonable Pride ii^ The William H. Horstmann Company was founded away back in 1836. On May the Old Home of Betsy Ross. 1 of that year William Henry Horstmann, i Philadelphia points with pardonable a native of Hesse Cassel. Germany, pride to the small two-story house stilt latuiaA in this country. He settled in standing at 239 Arch Street, below Third, Philadelphia and commenced the business where the first flag was made by Mrs. of lace weaving. He had learned the art John Ross. The design for the flag was! in Germany, traveling from place to place from a drawing made by General Wash-1 and working at the trade as the regula¬ ington with pencil, and the flag thus tions, then in vogue in that country, re¬ designated was adopter^ by a resolution quired. After completing hia apprentice¬ of Congress, on the 14th of June, 1777. A ship and attaining his majority Mr. committee of Congress, accompanied by Horstmann visited nearly every Euro¬ General Washington, afterward called pean country and became proficient in upon Mrs. Ross, and engaged her to every branch of the manufacture of make a flag from this design. The flag passementerie. wZ 103 From the start the business steadily grew, and during: the next thirty-seven years several changes of location were necessary to increase the facilities. He was the first in this country to import braiding machines from Germany; in 1825 he introduced from France the celebrated Jaquard silk-weaving machinery, and was the first in America to apply steam power to gold-lace weaving. The sons of Mr. Horstmann, William New Northeastern Branch in the Oid J. and Sigmund J., had been associated with the business from boyhood, and in 1840 the firm name of William H. Horst¬ McPherson Mansion. mann & Sons was adopted. The father retired in 1845, and his sons became his successors. After the decease of Sig¬ mund, in 1870, and William, in 1872, the BUILDING OVER 150 YEARS OLD business was continued by F. Oden Horstmann and Walter Horstmann, with several other juniors, until incorporated under the present title in December, 1893, Title of the Snrronnding City Park with Walter Horstmann, president; Sam¬ uel Eckert, vice-president; Henry Freund, Antidotes the Landing of Penn. treasurer, and Henry McManus, secre¬ tary, these, with George Eiler, Jr., Notable Careers of For¬ Victor Guillou and Edwin S. Dixon, mer Owners. forming the board of directors. Walter Horstmann is a grandson of the original founder, a Philadelphian by birth, -and has grown up in the business. The other The old McPherson mansion, which officers have been identified with the en¬ terprise for a number of years, and has stood for more than two centuries all give personal attention to the affairs in the centre of" Mcf hereon Park, at of the house. Indiana and Kensington avenues, and is During these eigihty-two years and all one of the historic landmarks of the these changes, the credit of the concern northeastern section of the city, was has remained unimpaired, even during financial crises, and the extent of its opened on Friday as a branch of the Phil¬ operations has continued to broaden. adelphia Free Library. The building has The firm has branches at New York, been thoroughly renovated and fitted with Boston, Lyons and Paris, and besides a modern library appliances under the su¬ domestic trade covering all parts of the pervision of Librarian Thomson. There United States, a large import and ex¬ port business is done. are about 4000 volumes at present on The factory and. salesrooms were re¬ the shelves, but this number will be great¬ moved to the present location, at Fifth ly augmented as'the demand for litera¬ and Cherry Streets, in 1852, and have ture in the neighborhood increases. *"hen been considerably enlarged From 1805 to 1890, when the old house and improved from time to time. The plant fronts on Fifth, Cherry and Race passed into the possession of the city, Streets, and occupies a spacious five- it had been occupied by the Webster story and basement building, with an family, which rented it from the original annex. In the manufacturing and sales owners, the MacPhersons. It has a his¬ branches employment is given to over 600 hands. tory which possesses considerable interest In addition to making flags, etc., the for antiquarians. The plot of land on Horstmann Company are manufacturers which it stands, according to an old map and furnishers of military supplies, se¬ made by Surveyor Thomas Holare, in cret society regalia, paraphernalia and September, 1863, was known as “Poore equipments^, banners of every descrip¬ Island,” and consisted of 212 acres. It tion costumers’ materials and sporting goods. was bounded by Gunners’ Run and Har- May the great house journey on, pur¬ rowgate Creek, and was a fashionable suing' the even tenor of its way and resort, famed for its sulphur springs. gathering strength and usefulness in its , KNOWN BY MANY NAMES. progress! It is a vital part of the busi¬ ness system of the city and State as well Since Major, afterward General, Wil¬ as the United States, liam Me iuersoTTTiiTiir me mansion as a i Philadelphia is proud of the William H. i residence, it has been known by many Horstmann Company—and should be- names. During his lifetime and for a long while after his death, it Was known as “Stouton,” after his wife, Margaret Stout the only child and heiress of Lieu¬ tenant Joseph Stout, of the British navy. She died in December. 1797. Mrs. Mc¬ Pherson inherited this tract of land when it was known as “Poore Island,” from her grandfather, Peter Keen, who in turn inherited is from- his great-grandfather, Joran Kvn, who died in 1690. He was the founder of Upland, afterward named Chester, Pennsylvania, and was a soldier in the Life Guards of Johan Printz, the Governor of New Sweden, on the South, or Delaware, River. The original grant of this land was made to Joran Kvn, In 1680. just two years before the landing of William Penn. , . -r Tn 1874, when Mrs. Margaret Mc¬ Pherson Washington, daughter of Major McPherson, died, Mrs. .Tulift M. Hornor, her daughter, succeeded to the estate. J ~sne msposefl of a portion of this property! same capacity to General Arthur St. in 1890. including wbat-is now MePhey- j Clair. Up to the time of his death he son Park, to John Mcighan, who, in turn, held many important positions. In 1789 disposed of the park portion to the city. he was Surveyor of the Port of Philadel¬ The title to the property has descended phia, after which, in 1792, he was In-: direct# through the lineal descendants of Jk spector of Revenue for the city. In thei the original proprietor to the present following year he became Naval Officer1 owner of the remaining portion. Major of the Port, which last office he retained McPherson’s granddaughter, for 218 during the administrations of Adams and years. Jefferson, until his death. MACPHERSON A REVOLUTIONARY PATRIOT. SERVED IN WHISKY INSURRECTION. Tlie house is supposed to have been In 1794, at the time of the Whisky In¬ built at the time of Miss Stout’s mar¬ surrection, he was invited to command aj riage to Major McPherson, who died battalion formed in this city, called the in November, 1813, and is buried beside McPherson Blues. Governor Mifflin pro- \ his father. Captain John McPherson, a moted him to be colonel and brigadier famous privateersman in the French and general of the militia of the State. In Spanish wars, in St. Paul's Churchyard, 1798, when war with France seemed im- | in this city. At the early age of 13 minent, the McPherson Blues were form- ; Major McPherson was a lieutenant in ed into a legion and placed under his the Sixteenth British Regiment of Foot, command. In 1799 McPherson was ap- then station in America, and rose to the | pointed brigadier general of the 1 ro- rank of adjutant. When the Revolution! 1 visional Army, to quell the insurrection broke out McPherson offered his resigna- I against the House and Land tax. He I tion to Sir Henry Clinton, who refused was also an original member of the State ■ to accept it. He joined the American ; Society of the Cincinnati of Pennsyl- : army, and was made brevet major in the | vauia, in which he held all the high of- 1 service in September, 1779. While in flees in its gift. He was appointed dele¬ , the Continental Army he formed a close gate to the Pennsylvania Convention to j friendship with General Washington, Ratify the Federal Constitution in 1787, ! who appointed him aide-de-cainp to La- and was a member of the General As¬ ‘ favette. He subs_equently acted in the sembly during 1788-89. ♦ i05 DatjC^UJ^ 3..^Tl What the London newspapers of yesterday said in reference to a question of international importance may be found in our papers of to-day. And we are not surprised at this. On the contrary, to have become so used to the miracles of modern inventions that the sheet containing news not only from England, but from every quarter of the world—news not eight hours old, at most—has long ago ceased to be a thing to wonder at. Not so in 1776, before cables were laid and when news was carried by slow sailing vessels, which oc¬ cupied four or five weeks in making the trip that our fast steamers now make in six or seven days. And, so, we cannot expect to find that the London pa¬ pers of 1776 were very prompt in their announcements of the stirring events of that year. In fact, as will be seen presently, it was not until nearly the mid¬ die of August that the news of the Declaration of Independence reached Eng¬ land. Before, we glance at what the British press had to say of the action of the Colonies in breaking from the mother county, it will be interesting to inquire how the newspapers on our side were faring under the taxation that had brought on the revolt. I have before me a facsimile of “The Pennsylvania Jour¬ nal and Weekly Advertiser” of October 31, 1765, which appeared on that date with rules reversed, its title surmounted by a rudely-cut skull and cross- bones. To the left of the title is the alliterative inscription: “The Times Are Dreadful, Dolorous, Dismal. Doleful and Dollarless.” On the right is another skull, surrounded by these words: “An emblem of the effect of thl stamp. O! fatal stamp! Adieu, adieu, to the Liberty of the Press.” William Bradford, the editor, then pens his ante-mortem statement, under the heading, “Expiring in Hope of Resurrection to Life Again”:— “I am sorry to be obliged to acquaint my Readers, that, as the Stamp Act is feared to be obligatory upon us after the First of November ensuing, (the Fatal To-morrow) the Publisher of this paper, unable to bear the burden, has thought it expedient to Stop a while, in order to deliberate whether any method can be found to elude the Chains forged for us, and escape the insup¬ portable slavery. Meanwhile, I must earnestly Request every individual of my Subscribers, many of whom have been long behind-Hand, that they would im¬ mediately discharge their respective arrers (arrears) that I may be able, not only to support myself during the interval, but be better prepared to proceed again with this paper, whenever an opening for that Purpose appears, which I hone will be soon.” Turning now to the files of the London newspapers for the Summer of 1776- files that ars not the least valuable of the stores of the British Museum—we find that the Declaration of Independence was not altogether unexpected. A heated discussion of the fights and wrongs of the colonies was carried on for some months prior to August, when the first news of the Declaration reached England. Thus we find in the Lohdon “Gazetteer and New Daily Advertiser” of July 9, 1776. an unusually long “leader” inspired by a correspondent who is referred to as “A “Virginia Planter.” “Without entering into any discussion of the hack- nied controversy,” the “Gazetteer” prefaces, “whether America can or cannot be constitutionally bound by the acts of the British Parliament, it is pretty evi- ( dent that at no period of our Government have our affairs been so badly con- lj ducted as now. particularly respecting that country. We will grant for argu- || ment's sake merely, that America, has throughout this whole contest been in the | wrong; this being allowed, a question will at once present itself, in what man- I ner ought Administration to have proceeded; not, surely, by violent sanguinary j measures; or if violent measures were become necessary, was it not equally cruel, unfeeling and impolitic to involve the innocent in the same punishment with the guilty? This is the rock upon which our blundering Governors have split. This is what had created a Continental army, and given union to the ! several members of Congress. This has taught the Provincials disciplline, and in- ! sPired them with a spirit of freedom equal,equal., to the inhabitants of any■■ of the ancient republics. In short. Administration, by'7theT#‘ varlouiT acts of iridfk- criminato and wanton oppression and provocation, havo done more toward uniting America against them in the penning of a'few acts of Parliament and angry votes in a few weeks than all the factions, leaders, and demagogues from Halifax to St. Augustine could effect in half a. century. “Our informant lived in America for several years. He knows the disposition of the people well. When he left it, except a few speculative writers and a few others, perhaps men of dark and ambitious views, he affirms that there was not one man in a hundred who did not abhor the idea of American inde¬ pendency. “We are further well informed, that, so late as the Autumn, 1775, most of the Colonies still preserved their allegiance; and that it was not till after the pro¬ hibitory bill had passed, and the burning of the towns on the sea coast, that the idea of independency was ever held out as a favorite or popular topic. If, therefore, America, trained to arms and aroused by the repeated injuries it has received, should prove successful in the course of the present campaign, or should be able to protract the war to another year, we will venture to foretell, without the gift of prophecy, that she will never again be brought back to acknowledge a state of dependency on this country; and that the whole force of Great Britain will not be able to compel her to it.” In a later editorial the “Gazetteer” is even more vehement, surprisingly so for those days. “There appears.” it says, “too much reason to fear that all future attempts to reconcile the breach will prove ineffectual; Ministry are de¬ termined, and Ministry have hitherto been determined to persist in their violent resolutions; England or America must therefore fall; one or other of these coun¬ tries are devoted victims of a prostituted act of the most abandoned st-n that Wver cursed this or any other k-mr A Minister, who in the field disgraced the British troops on the plain of Minden; he, it is, ye Britons, who is rewarded for hhf cowardice with one of the most important offices in the State. Lord George Gei'tnain has now the bravery to load the American leaders in the Cabinet with even^ile and opprobrious appellation, who in the field he would tremble to meet.” Tl^n there was a loflg and anxious wait until, on August 12, the news was rer ceived That independence had been declared. All “the newspapers of that date published an identically worded paragraph, which read: “Advice is received that the Congress resolved upon Independencethe 4th of July, and, it is said, have de-' dared war against Great Britain in form.” The next day, August 13, the “Gazetteer” published this information:— “By a private letter received by the “Mercury” packet we are informed when the Congress resolved upon independence there were present several foreigners of different nations, amongst whom were some persons of distinction from the Courts of Versailles and Madrid. “A correspondence, we are assured, had been carried on between the Delegates of the American Congress and our natural enemies, the French and Spaniards, and that it was in consequence of the latter promising to give the former every assistance in their power that the Americans declared for independence. “As soon as the Colonies declared themselves independent States, two foreign vessels, -which were at Philadelphia, slipped their cables and sailed -with the intel¬ ligence to the above courts. “By a private letter from Philadelphia we have advice that the Congress had made a great naval promotion, viz.; Two admirals, two commodores and several captains.” The “Morning Chronicle and London Advertiser” of August 14, 1776, announced that— “Copies of the Declaration of War by the Provincials are now in town, and are said to be couched in the strongest terms—that having now drawn the sword in defense of all that is dear to them, they are determined never to sheath It [ till a full compensation is made for the cruel oppressions they have sustained. “It is said the American Provinces have not only declared themselves inde¬ pendent, but that they have sent memorials thereof, and of their proceedings, to most of the Courts of Europe.” The “British Chronicle” of August 16 printed the Declaration of Independence in full and the other papers straggled along, printing the document in instalments. ! The British were, of course, ignorant of what was transpiring in America, and in lieu of news they turned their attent ion to personalities. The "Morning Post” of August 25 laid before its readers this screed::— “Arnold, the commander-in-chief of the rebels in Canada, once kept the intelligence office in the archway leading from St. Paul’s churchyard to Doctor’s Commons, and having in an intrigue with a certain citizen’s wife expended more than his finances -would admit, was tempted to try his fortune on the highway. This step obliged him to decamp, and to take up his resilience among the saints, a race of men among whom such conduct can hardly be held disgraceful, as they derive their origin principally from pickpockets and reprieved felons. Accord- 107 ingly, as bo better man couldHie found In this land ool‘ heroes, he was opposed to Carletoh. Plunder being the object oC the, Congressss in the expedition to Canada, they chose, with great propriety, a thief and a robber for the leader. Hancock, the President of the Congress, is a ruined, and therefore a discontented smug¬ gler. Adams, a pettifogger, was. for want of common honesty, refused a place j under Government. Lee, because not appointed to a regiment out of his turn, j joined these desperadoes. Have we not reason to believe that Washington and Putnam, the Judas and Theudas of America, will share their fate? The hand of heaven must be against unnatural rebels, who, in hopes of repairing then- own ruined fortunes, bring famine, nakedness, and the sword upon a deluded multitude.” If anyone was to be spared persona! vilification it would he natural to sup¬ pose that Franklin would be the man. On the contrary, he was singled out by the “Morning Chronicle” Or August 26 for the subject of a special article, from j which we are surprised to learn that:— ”E>r. Franklin, when in England, got himself appointed for postmaster of half America—his son. Governor of New Jersey, and his friend stampmaster of Pennsylvania. That being returned to Philadelphia, he obtained a seat in the Congress, whilst n’s son remained Governor of New Jersey, and stickler for the measures of administration, whereby he is become so dangerous and detestable to the people that they have taken him into custody and sent him prisoner to Connecticut. By this mancuvre for Dr. Franklin, if the Ameri¬ cans prevail, then he Ms the patriot that saved them. If the Crown prevails ! then his son, the Governor, is to be rewarded for his services, and for the persecution that he suffers. So that, let who will triumph, the Doctor and his family will be on the right side.” Editorial comment, in the sense we use the phrase, was very scarce, and I have been able to find only this declaration in the “Morning Post” of Au- i gust 19:— “The Congress have acted with utter impolicy, in declaring the United Colo- i nies free and independent States; for, after such an avowal of their Re¬ publican principles, every European power must new abandon them to the punishment due to their villainy, and folly/’ The “Gazetteer” of a day later came out with a caustic commentary at¬ tributing the war to the desire of a few men to revenge themselves at the expense of the nation’s honor. “The secret counsels of a few,” this fearless vi commentator said, “are the cause of all this mischief; and it becomes the pub¬ ■! lic of all ranks to turn their eyes and attention to those few and make them answerable for their conduct. The people cry out to their Sovereign for the I lives of then- fellow subjects, lost in a fruitless, inglorious contest. They cry for justice against those by whose counsels half the British Empire is lost the treasures of the nation wasted, its forces employed in wreaking the re- venge of a few, the safety of the kingdom endangered, and the reputation both of Prince and people tarnished in the eyes of all Europe.” America, it is clear, was not without friends, even in the heat of 1776 a fact that is pleasant to remember, while we celebrate the one hundred and cwenty-sccond anniversary of cur independence-independence which no Eng¬ lishman grudges us to-day. ,, b 9 * n -yjujP______L). I . Jr. THE DARBY LIBRARY COMPANY Early Quaker Hospitality and Ex¬ clusiveness; Ivy-Covered Tene- 1 ments and Graves. thMown nf oid-worid spirit pervades I “trollev” nl Da,/>y’ whlch not even the ernize " p,!?, alt°gether dispel or mod- in/v recent bi t ll’ 11 18 true’ are £lai'- but there are spots which * still cling to their old Quaker reserve w rush ofanthe&eaClPttfr0“. the to°-*orVard OUT OLD DARBY dignity! tei' days with a ouiet andea2„the- higbway for a byway, turning rrom Darbv road into Where One May Walk Back Into ly11.rSTthe a]?reUe’/n? Steps snhden- davs into tb° aie- and clamor of now-a- the Last Century. a-o ml S?, quiet remoteness of long upv ard ot 100 years, command at once i Q ► one's respect and tyetief in their gen¬ quested to buy so many of the books uineness, by reason of the really real mentioned in the catalogue, approved ivy which clings to -their walls and re¬ by the company, “as ye money will per¬ deems them from the it- plainness and mit,” and also to “be so good as to get Quaker severity. ye books lettered on ye back, if that AN ANCIENT HOSTELRY. can be done, without much trouble or The very ordinary tavern at the cor¬ cost, or as many as conveniently can.” ner, which dignities itself with the title Peter Collinson was a friend of John of “Buttonwood Hotel,” stands on the Bartram’s—though it is said that the site of the old hostelry of that name, two men never saw each other—and it which in years gone by was a stopping was at Bnrtram's advice that the com¬ place where teamsters and farmers re¬ pany applied to Collinson to purchase galed themselves on their way to and [ the books in London and have them from Calc-on Hook, Ridley and Ches- ■ shipped. ter. In winter time no sleighing party HEAVY READING FOR YOUTHFUL FRIENDS. | ever passed its hospitable doors without | There was nothing frivolous in their partaking of its inward cheer. selection of works. Let us thank “what- | DARBY’S HISTORIC LIBRARY. ever gods there be” that such solid in¬ The wooden house on the opposite cor¬ tellectual food is not administered to ner was for many years the home of the us as the poor Quaker youths must have historic Darby Library, though when it had to swallow—that is, if they did not was first established, in 1743, the books elect to starve and do without mental had no permanent resting place, hut pabulum. Here are a few of the names: were passed from one family to an¬ Puffendorf’s “Law of Nature and Na¬ other, in a chest. And there was really tions,” “Locke on Education,” “Sher¬ small need at first for anything more lock on Death,” Rawleig’s “History of spacious to hold the “Library,” as the Ye World” (2 vols.), "Religion of Na¬ original collection of books now lies in ture Delineated,” “Blackmore on Ye ! state in a glass case, not over three feet Creation,” Wood’s “Institution of Ye I long and two wide. But the progres¬ Laws of England.” “Addison's Trav¬ sive Friends who set the movement on els,” “The Spectator” (Yol. S), and foot had reason to he proud of their en¬ “Paradise Lost and Regained” were the terprise. For in those days books were three least appalling. .1 not the drug on the market that they j With the exception of four volumes are now, money was scarce and there I the original collection is still intact. | was the difficulty of ordering the books; These four were destroyed by nre at | and having them sent safely from the one time when the library had its head¬ Old World and the New. • quarters over a sadler’s shop. In the letter written by the secretary The Friends received all their books 1 of the Library Company and dated from London until 1760, when David “Darby, ye 14th day of ye 4th month. Hill, a Philadelphia bookseller, began! 1.743,” to “Friend Peter, Collinson,” it to supply them. By degrees they was stated that as the number of sub- amassed a (for that time) large and in¬ teresting library, and lately their his¬ toric and exclusive institution has op-.. IN THE BURYING GROUi'H AT DARBY. seribers was small, so also was the sum of money, amounting only to 14 pounds. But Friend Peter Collinson- was- - re- doors .to all Darby as a "free \v(laT“was to them Radnor toad, now Lansdowue avenue. They have a hill library.GROWTH of darby. that is all their own, and its slope is made picturesque by their ivy-covered Darby was not a mushroom town. graves, bordered with box. The head¬ Its growth was gradual; its people con¬ stones are all of a size, and bear only servative, and to become a member of the name, and not often any further the community more things were neces¬ record of the one who lies beneath. sary that just to “happen” along and In death, as in life, the Quakers were settle down there. , opposed to display, and there was a dig¬ In the Township Book as early as 1093 nified simplicity about the way in which it was agreed that “whatsoever handy- they gave their dead back to earth that craft man shall offer himself to inhabit we moderns might call “good taste.” in the township shall first continue 40 Some few Friends, however, created days as a sojourner to have the appro¬ quite a stir in the old meeting house, at bation of the said township, whether he one time, by erecting over their dead shall be received as an inhabitant or no. more pretentious headstones than were And that no person shall dare tore- | allowable. This breach of custom was ceive any stranger or inhabitant before . pronounced extravagant and unbecoming, such probation and grant of said towns¬ and after 6ome Friendly remonstrance, men” So they kept their numbers .well the grave stones disappeared. They were weeded! Perhaps some of the old Friends either taken away altogether or sunk who now' sleep on the hillside would open so far below the surface of the ground their mild eyes with surprise could they as to appear orthodox. get a glimpse at the present very much John Bartram rests in this cemetery, mixed populace of their once sacred but “Memory o’er his tomb no trophy” townsliip! at all has raised, and the botanist lies SEVERE WAYS OE MILD'MANNERED MEN unwept, unhonored and unknown. They had severe ways, too, these mild DARBY DURING THE REVOLUTION. Quakers, of dealing with the unruly. In 1743 it was agreed that a pam of Darby township was the scene of much stocks” should he erected m Lower Dar- martial activity during Revolutionary bv: and also we read of a certain Mary times. In September. 1777, when Wash¬ ■\r_ beins: fined five shillings tor hei ington made a call for 5000 troops the Ivin"!’’ But they were kindly people, rendezvous was ordered at Darby always generous and courteous to Heights, and after the battle of the ' strangers. A traveler arriving in their Brandywine the shattered and scattered midst without the -wherewithal to enable MEETING HOUSE OF TO-DAY. THE DARBY j forces passed through the town on their him to “put up”~at ifie Public Inn was . wav to Germantown. given ten pence to defray his expenses We of the New World can boast no over night, which money was raised by crumbling ruins, no decaying ivy-cover¬ a general tax of one penny. ed palaces—relics of one-time greatness— no dismantled abbeys, or haunted man¬ WHERE THE FOREFATHERS SLEEP. ors; but we have some things that are The “forefathers of the hamlet” lie in not aggressively new. Though the sound a pretty burying ground far back from of the hammer and the smell of fresh 110 m __■ are forever r&siftidijSg us that we casion to $110. From this date services co"r«e erection, still were held on Sunday afternoons in a pri- I rbwi e a hl, t”rT that covers some hun¬ vate house kindly loaned by James dred jenrs, and here and there in tins Stokes. In the first year these services progressive land we sometimes trip over were conducted, chiefly by Rev. Jackson remnants and remains of Ion? ago. Set¬ RoelSfler’ °n.e of the assistant ministers tlements that our grondsires started of the United Churches in the city of houses that they built and lived in Philadelphia,” afterward the first mis¬ churches where they worshiped, and the sionary bishop of the church. In De¬ fnaves that hold their ashes are still cember, 1813, Rev. J. C. Clary was elect¬ feen r.nd bold in reverence A fain ed rector, he being the first regular min¬ breath of the time that has been” hov- ister in charge. eis snll over places which, like Oarbv November 13, 1814, confirmation was ad¬ witnessed the early strife and achieve¬ ministered for the first time, eighteen ments of the fathers of our country. persons being confirmed by Right Rev Dr. William White, Bishop of Pennsyl¬ vania. The parish was admitted into y™on with the Diocesan Convention in lolo. j . R^7 Mr. Clary resigned the rectorship From,.6//i I in 1817, and was succeeded in the same vear t>JL.Rev._C. M. Duduv. of a church building was revived in i February, 1S18, and on January 19, 1819, a charter was granted by the Common¬ wealth of Pennsylvania, with the title- of "Charter of incorporation of the rector, church wardens and vestrymen /Ifr of St. Luke’s Church, Germantown.” CORNER-STONE LAID. March 30, ISIS, the corner-stone of tne first church edifice was laid, the site being that now occupied, and presented St. Luke’s Protestant Episcopal by Thomas Armat. The building was Church, located at the corner of Main completed August 20 of the same year, i and Coulter Streets, Germantown, Rev. It was consecrated to the worship of1 Almighty God August 27. The cost of, Dr. Samuel Upjohn rector, which can the building was $7500. It was twice en-! trace its regular organization back for almost two centuries, is the legitimate outcome of the early efforts in that vi¬ cinity in the year 1760 of Episcopalians who Inaugurated the first public services of the denominations in the vicinity of Germantown. This venerable parish has had a most interesting history from its inception in the first decade of the century. The initial services of the Episcopal Church : held in Germantown were conducted by ■the Rev. Mr. Neill, a temporary resident of the place,who held service and preach¬ ed Sunday evening, May 17, 1760. The next service on record, was held dur¬ ing the occupancy of Philadelphia by the British forces in 1777, General Howe'then having his headquarters in Germantown. In 1793, when many of the leading citi¬ zens of Philadelphia, took refuge in Ger¬ mantown from the yellow fever then pre¬ vailing. Rev. Dr. Smith, first provost of the College of Philadelphia held oc- 1 casional services. No regular services of the church are known to have been held after the last date mentioned until 1811. In an old cash book carefully kept by the late James Stokes, it is stated that on Trinity Sun- 1 day, June 9, 1811, a public service was held in the old German Reformed Church on Market Square, by Rev. Mr. Scott, temporarily residing in Germantown. At this time there were residing in and ■ about Germantown twelve families con¬ nected with the Episcopal Church, and on this occasion they determined to Rev. Dr. Samuel Upjotm. make an effort to establish a parish and to build a church. NUCLEUS OF A FUND. larged, in 1844 and in 1851. Rev. Mr. To this end a meeting was held at the Dupuy, retiring from the rectorship in house of Thomas Armat, and a sub¬ September, 1823, was succeeded by Rev. scription opened amounting on that oc- Ill -*-, • -~rr ^TT-r-,-- —"|r--, t.t ••— T. LUKE’S CHURCH, GERMANTOWN. - The Outcome of the Early Efforts of Episcopalians in That Suburb—Corner-Stone o; the First Edifice Laid March 30, 1818—Rev. Dr. Samuel ' Upjohn, Rector. Edward R. Lippett, who continued to be rector until August, 1825. He was suc¬ ceeded in office by Rev. John Rodney, who entered upon the rectorship Oc¬ tober 1, 1825, a-nd remained as rector and rector emeritus until his death, September 28, 1886, a rare ministry in one parish of sixty-one yegrs. January 1, 1857, Rev. B. Wistar Morris (present bishop of Oregon), became as¬ sistant to the rector. In October. 1867, Rev. Mr. Rodney resigned the rectorship and was elected rector emeritus, Rev. Mr. Morris being elected rector, and so /w,j4< < y V Temained until appointed missionary bishop of Oregon in October, 1868. During Mr. "Morris’ rectorship the parish building was erected. In Febru¬ ary, 1869, Mr. Morris was succeeded in the rectorship by Rev. Alba Wadleigh, MHDPRKOF who died May 25, 1873. In October of the same year Rev. W. H. Vibbert, Lb., D., now vicar of Trinity Chapel, Trinity Parish, New York city, was OLD PHILADELPHIA elected rector and remained until De¬ cember, 1882, when he resigned, to as¬ sume the rectorship of St. James’ ASSOCIATIONS SURROUNDING THE PINE Church, Chicago. During Dr. Vibbert’s STREET PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. rectorship the present church edifice was built, and consecrated June 8, 1876. THE PRESENT RECTOR. WHEN GEORGE III. WAS KING December 1, 1883, Rev. Samuel Upjohn, the present incumbent, entered upon the rectorship. In this last period of the A Glance at the History of the Old parish history the improvements began Building at Fourth and Pine Streets In Bishop Morris’ time and continued and Something Abont Its Former Con¬ by Rev. Dr. Vibbert, notably in new church edifice, have been carried to gregations and Pastors — A Ramble further completion, in the tower, with Through the Graveyard Attached toi its chime bells; the new organ, the me¬ Tombstones Tell. morial Rood screen, the incorporation of St. Margaret’s House, with its new building; the new rectory, the payment Among the numerous landmarks which| of sundry mortgages and the demoli¬ tion of unsightly buildings on the make Philadelphia so dear to the lover of church premises, all of which have serv¬ antiquities, there are few with a more inter¬ ed to make St. Luke’s Church, both in esting history than old Pine Street Presby¬ its interior and exterior appearance and terian Church. When the sound of the equipment, imposing and attractive. The trowel was heard In the erection of its ven¬ church occupies a location on the chief erable walls Philadelphia was a city not so thoroughfare of Germantown and is easily accessible from all quarters. large as Wilmington now is. Pennsylvania The parish has many active organiza¬ then was a province, and George III- the tions for work among its communicants acknowledged sovereign of the land. (which number some 700), and as a center and instrument of educational, devotional There are letters patent dated October 19. | and eleemosynary work, aims to faith¬ 17G4, and signed by Thomas and Richard fully carry forward the church's mission Penn,“donating n lot of ground 174 feet on , amon~ men. Fourth street by 102 feet on Pine street, J In the period of St. Luke’s history to the congregation belonging to the old . five other parishes have been founded in Presbyterian Meeting House on the south ; Germantown, Christ Church, Calvary, St. Michael’s, St. Peter’s. St. John Baptist. ; side of High (Market) street, near the Court The clerical staff of St. Luke’s con¬ House, in the city of Philadelphia, to the , sists of the rector, Rev. Dr. Samuel intent that a church or meeting house should Upjohn; first assistant. Rev'. Herbert be erected thereon, and a burial ground laid j Dennison; second assistant, Rev. Clar¬ ence M. Dunham. The members of th out for the use of the said Society of Pres- | vestry are; Reed A. Williams, Jl byterians forever.” ’ j rector’s warden; John Albrecht, accouait.- This lot was afterward enlarged by the ! ing warden; James M. Austin, purchase of 100 feet additional on Flue Franklin Potter, George W. Carpent street. It appears that this ground was a G. Harry Davis, Dr. I. K. Shellfnberg' Frank C. Gillingham. William P. Trot.. kr.oll on which had previously existed a Jr., Jacob J. Seeds, J. F. Thomas, Syd small frame building called the “Hill Meet¬ ney S. Wright; organist. George Alex¬ ing House,” near which the celebrated | ander A. West, F. R. C. O.; sexton, Wil¬ George Whitefield preached to assembled liam Morley. thousands. The church propertv is located on Ger¬ mantown Avenue and Coulter Street. It The Work of Building Begun. has a frontage on Germantown Avenue of 180 feet, and 400 feet on Coulter Street. The following year the work of building The church premises Include burial this bouse was commenced, and in 176S it ground, church building, parish building, was ordered that public worship be cele¬ St. Margaret’s House—a home for women brated in the new Presbyterian church on —the rectory and sexton’s house. Pine street. May 30. The house, when fin- c 113 ; isbed, exhibited lint little of its modern ap- soldiers used the pews for fuel, and finally | pearanee. and to modern eyes would not used it ns a stable for the horses of the | have seemed very sightly or attractive; yet dragoons. In excavating the ground to put ' it then was regarded as the finest church up the iron fence in 1S35 the body of a building in the city, or in the land. The British soldier was found; it was recognized congregation of this church was originally by the brass buttons on the coat. At the formed by the association of twenty families south end of the church lies the body of from the First Church, then worshiping on I Captain George Dawson, an officer In the the south side of Market street, between Sec; notorious regiment of Colonel Tarleton, of ond and Third streets, and some sixty fanV [ revolutionary fame. ilies who had worshiped in the “Hill Meet¬ John Adams, afterwards President of the ing House.” It was the design at first that United States, was a great admirer of old the congregation of Pine street should be Pine Street Church, and during the sessions in perpetual connection with the First of the Continental Congress attended all Church, their respective ministers preaching its services and finally became a communi¬ alternately in each church. cant. In 1771, however, the Tine street, or' Such, too, were the men of this historic Third Church, elected Rev. George Uuffield old church in the times that tried men's their pastor on their own responsibility, souls. In the days of Doctor Brainerd she with which action the First Church became allied herself with the stars and stripes. ! greatly dissatisfied, and opposed the in¬ and let her voice be heard clear and strong j stallation of Doctor Duffield. Here followed and ever unswerving in her loyalty during j a series of troubles, which were finally set¬ the days of the late rebellion for slavery tled in the ecclesiastical courts by an af¬ against freedom. firmation of the independence of Pine Street It is most interesting to wander through Church. The congregation of Pine street the old graveyard, which, surrounds the was composed of zealous, ardent men from church. Under the stately trees planted by ; the north of Ireland, Whigs in politics, lov¬ their own hands the ashes of the founders ers of liberty, opposed to the Tory rule and of the church repose. Yes, here sleep Duf¬ | Presbyterian in religious principles. They field and Smith and Brainerd, “a group of differed essentially from the people of the bennie dust,” and near them sleeps William First Church, and these differences, which Hurrie, who rang the old State House bell were brought forward at the installation of when the declaration of independence had (Doctor Duffield, gave him great notoriety, been agreed upon by Congress. And here lies iand together with his eloquence brought Mary Nelson who, in revolutionary times, |great crowds to hear him. used to test the powder brought to the ar¬ The King’s Magistrate Appears. senal by touching it with a coal. Under a monument darkened by age rests the body On one ocqasion the minister had arisen of Charles Ross, the first commander of the and announced his text, when the King’s City Troop. If one is curious enough to (Magistrate was seen struggling up the mid¬ push aside the ivy which almost covers the dle aisle. The royal officer ordered the con¬ monument he will find several inscriptions, gregation to disperse, and pulling from liis one of which is in Latin. pocket the riot act began to read it authori¬ tatively for the purpose of carrying its pro¬ TTnmarred by Time. visions into effect. The preaching was in¬ Time, which brings so many changes, and terrupted for the moment and Mr. Robert sordid avarice, which saps the foundations Knox, one of the congregation, rose and with of so many venerated'edifices, have not beer a loud voice exclaimed to the Magistrate in permitted to mar the beauty of the buria! full Scotch-Irish brogue, “Quet that Jimmy A ground nor raze the massive walls of the oh Bryant.” The Magistrate paid no attention church. In this new world of America w( and Knox, a man of strong muscle, left his have not many things one hundred and thir pew and taking the King's officer by the nape ty years old. We sometimes lament tha' of the neck cast him unceremoniously from with all our skill and effort and daring wi the door, saying: “There, take that, .and dis¬ cannot overtake the old world in age—wt turb no more the worship of God!" Then cannot clothe our institutions and sanctu turning to the minister he added: “Go on, cries with the hallowed associations whiel Mr. Duffield.” which, he did, without further belong to the past. Our English cousin molestation. would probably think it exaggerated vanit; Sermons that Dr. Duffield preached during in us should we try to comfort ourselves fo the session of the okl Continental Congress the want of such hoary antiquity by sayin: prove how ready and ardent he was in de¬ that a hundred years of history in America fense of the rights and liberty of the church, are fully equal to a thousand anywhere else and the cause of liberty and independence of ^An VIEWED FROM SIXTH STREET BACK OF THE S [From the Columbian Magazine.] [From Birch’s Views, E the Washington Statue with brick. . These comments were brought to tne J attention of Director Riter, who again : CHANGE OF CLOCK DIALS stated that the Restoration Committee j was making these changes only after ma- | ture consideration, the chief desire being ■ RESTORATION TO EAST AND WEST ENDS to bring the architecture of the buildings to the condition in which it existed in OF STATE HOUSE. 1776, even though what might seem radi¬ cal changes were made necessary. Commenting upon the correspondence Answer of Director Rlter to Objec¬ he said the changes so far made related tion* Made to the Change A Great only to the State House, the arches and wing buildings. The brick pavement Jurist’s Plea for Historical Re¬ would be a proper setting for these build¬ storation. ings, which the flagstones were not; be¬ sides, the original pavement wa® The publication in the “Ledger” a few It would in no way interfere with the aavs ago of Director Riter's l"tentl® travel on Chestnut street. remove the clock dials from the State Convenience of the Dials. House steeple and replace them on the end As to the convenience of the dials, he of the building brought again called attention to the fact that if tests from readers of the Ledger g - placed on the ends of the building, where the change. In the interview with the D1 they were at first, they could be seen for rector published at that time, he called a greater distance on both sides of Chest¬ attention to the fact that the object to be nut street than from their present posi¬ attained was restoration, and that tion, and in that respect the change would be an improvement. The steeple, how- ' FROM A PAINTING BY KRIMMEL ever, could not be properly restored if the dials remained on it. The history of how they came there is an interesting story. The first clock was paid for in 1759, and was probably put in the same year. Peter Stretch, of Phila¬ delphia, made it, and took care of it for six years. He was succeeded by Edward Duffield in 1765, who‘took care of it fo/’ ten years. The next caretaker was i>b less a, man than David Rittenhouse, who said that, as he took care of the astro¬ nomical clock and instruments on the ob¬ servatory in the square for the Philo¬ sophical Society, he could also look after the State House clock and adjust it. Thus A Committee on “City Clock.” it was that Alls great astronomer and A joint committee was appointed by horologist gave the time to the members Councils in 1828 to carry out the following of the Congress of 1776. resolution, introduced by Francis Gurney The Director pointed out that when the Smith, who was its chairman: “Resolved, clock was first erected the ends of the That a joint committee of two members building were selected in preference to the from each Council be appointed to have steeple. The clock was placed in the mid¬ the turret in the rear of the State House dle of the building, close to the tower, and surveyed, and, if found adapted to th-> Hong iron rods, run through pipes, con¬ purpose, to procure a plan and estimate nected it with the two dials. In 1813 the of the cost of carrying it up to a height arcades and wing buildings were torn sufficient to place a clock and bell therein down, and higher and deeper buildings to be called the ‘City Clock,' from which were erected against the State House f3te time for the whole city can be regu¬ which necessitated taking away the old lated.” clock bases, which ran to the ground. Messrs. Francis Gurney Smith and Ben¬ This left the dials Just above the peak of jamin Tilghman were appointed by Com¬ the roof, and hid them from view to a mon Council, and Manuel Eyre and John great extent. W. Thompson by Select Council. The dis¬ When Lafayette visited this country in cussion of the project by this committee, 3824 a revulsion of feeling had set in which is on record, brought out the two among the citizens, and there was an widely different sentiments of the people earnest desire to restore the State House, the one for restoration so far as that was at least, to its original condition This possible, the other for present utility. It • was emphasized by the distinguished ended in a compromise which satisfied frenchman's expressed regret that so neither party, but which prevented the much ehange had been wrought in it since utilitarian party from running up a brick he was first here. steeple, which, as one of its opponents re¬ The old spire had then been down for marked, would be a mammoth chimney. nearly SOyears,and one of the first attempts Mr. Tilghman (afterwards the great ju¬ to restore the building was the rebuilding rist) said he regarded the State House as °f that spire. Before that was done the a sacred building. He expressed regret old clock, which had become very unre- that unhallowed hands had ever been per¬ Iton lex’ ,probably through neglect, was, in mitted to touch it, and regarded the re¬ 1830,^ taken down and given to St. Augus¬ building of the steeple as an entering tine’s Church, at Fourth and Vine streets wedge for restoring the building to the together with the second bell brought over state in which it stood in 1776. from England, which was placed on the The argument for brick was that a roof of the State House in front of the wooden spire would vibrate too much and steeple in 1,81. and had been struck by the damage the clock as a timekeeper. clock. Both were burned in the fire which destroyed the church in 1844. V .+ W. A. Levering, the Rev. Kerr Boyce No Longer Used for Fire Alarms. Tupper D. D.; the Rev. George Dana In the report of the committee,' favor¬ Boardman, D. D.; Dr. Howard B. Martin, ing the restoration of the steeple, a strong H. E. Lincoln, Dr. W. W. Keen, I. H. point was made of the “utility that the O'Hara, Jr., Ernest L. Tustin, W. C. accomplishment of the object before vo»i would be in case of fires. In affording an | Geyer, Benjamin Glthens, David A. Hun¬ opportunity pf discovering them and giv¬ ter, John H. Scott, William M. Wilson, ing the alarm in a much more effectual William' S. Haines, James F. Hagen, C. manner than at present." F. Morrison, John H. McQuillen, Mrs. W. 1 Director Riter pointed out that the rea- '■ M. Wilson, Mrs. M. P. Tustin, Mlss^ Lydia sons which were then potent enough to Morgan. Miss Dora Keen, Mrs. T. Sey¬ change the position of the clock dials mour Scott. Mrs. J. H. Mlchener. from the ends of the building to the spire , The Oldest Organization in America. have now no force. The striking of a The First Church, Providence, R. I., fire alarm from the State House steeple which- is the oldest of the Baptist denom- ended nearly thirty years ago, with the inrtlon In America, was planted In the adoption of the fire alarm telegraph, and ! year 1639, among its first members, twelve no watchman could to-day locate a fire In number, being Roger Williams, a na¬ from the steeple. Nor would anyone to- 1 tive of Wales, born in 1598. The old meet¬ day think of setting his clock or watch j ing house and lot were sold In 1774; a lot from a State House clock, while every I of ground of larger dimensions in the jeweler supplies Washington Observatory i centre of the town purchased, and a new time in his window. Chief Justice Tilgh- building erected, which was opened for man's plea of seventy years ago for ab¬ public worship May 28, 1775. 'The records solute restoration ought certainly to pre¬ of the church state that "the floor was vail now, when all the objections to that 1 ' laid eighty feet square. It contains 126 course then urged have been removed. j square pews on the ground floor a large With the removal of the buildings erected ! gallery on the south, wpst and north, - in 1813 and the restoration of the arches, and one other above on the west for the there would now be an unobstructed view 1 use of the blacks. The roof and galleries of the dial at the end of the building, as are supported by twelve fluted Pihars or shown by the accompanying cuts. The the Doric order. The ceiling in the body picture, from the Columbian Magazine, Is a continued arch, and over the galleries under date of 1777 or 1778, shows the com¬ Is intersected, the adjustment of which plete tower and clock face, and gives the and the largeness of the building, ren¬ arcades and wing buildings. Birch’s view, ders it extremely difficult for most who 1800, shows the clock as viewed from the attempt to preach in it. At the east end square and as it will appear when re¬ Is a very elegant large Venetian window, stored. Krlmmel’s picture, made :n 1815, before which the pulpit stands At tKe three years after the erection of the build- i west end is a steeple of the height of 196 ings just destroyed, shows the clock face I feet, supposed to be the best workman¬ perched on the peak of the roof. John ship of the kind of any in America. It Reed's picture, dated 1774, shows the orig¬ was furnished with a good clock and bell inal steeple, with the ornamental window, both made in London. The weight of the whose place is occupied in the present bell was 2515 pounds, and upon It was the steeple by the clock dials. This picture was discovered a few months ago among “FoTfreedom of conscience the town was 1 some old papers in the library of the Philosophical Society, and is considered PersuasimTuot’force, was us’d by the as being the most correct in architectural details of any picture of the State House This church is the oldest, and has not re- now known. The window shown in that picture will be copied and will take the Enjoyffigd’and granting bell, temple and place of the present dials. "The bell was split by ringing in the vear 1787 and afterward recast by J®s-e BAPTIST BICENTENNIAL Foodvear at Hope Furnace; the weight thereof is 2387 pounds. TheI it was* ‘This church was founded A._ - TWO HUNDREDTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE 1639The first in the State and the oldest of the Baptists in America. ower FIRST CHURCH OF THIS CITY. The Pennypek (Pemmepaka), or Lower Dublin Church, Bustleton, antedates the Philadelphia church, having been organ- fzed in 1688. From 1695 the Philadelphia „The Oldest Organisation in America members of the Pennypek Church met In —Historical Sketch of the Philadel¬ this city. The Pennypek Church and i • phia Enterprise—Names of the Dif¬ Philadelphia mission were served by ferent Pastors. various ministers. There was a curious habit of observing the Lord s S d the Pennypek Church on the flrst .®u “T The bicentennial or the two hundredth I lnthexnonth, and in this city on the sec¬ anniversary, of the First Baptist Church, ond Sunday. This habit was kept up n of this city, will be celebrated on Sun¬ the Philadelphia church from Its organ day, December 11. It Is a somewhat sin¬ ization until a few years ago. gular coincidence that the Philadelphia Philadelphia Baptists. church was organized on the second Sun¬ On the second Sunday In December, 1698. day of December, 1698, which in that year nine persons assembled in a house on also fell on December 11, old style. Barbadoes lot, and, as M°rgan Edwards An historical address will be delivered says "Coalesced Into a church for in Association Hall, on Saturday evening communion of saints, having Rev^ John December 10, by Dr. W. W. Keen. Watts to their assistance. From that The committee appointed to arrange for ^ne until the year 1746 they Increased. the celebration is composed as follows: i partly by Immigration from the Old Coun But when Jedediah Andrews came to the I try and partly by the occasional labors of latter the Baptists were in a manner j Ellas Keach and others. The place where driven away. From that time the Baptists | the Baptist met at first was at the north¬ held their worship at a place near the west corner of Second and Chestnut drawbridge on Dock street, known as An¬ streets, known by the name of the Bar- thony Morris’s brew house, where they badoes' lot. The building was a store¬ remained until March 15, 1707, when, by house, but when the Barbadoes Company invitation of the Keithian Quakers, they left the Baptists held their meetings removed to La Grange place, Second there. So also did the Presbyterians, street, above Market. The old lot was 43 when either a Baptist or Presbyterian feet on Second street by 313 feet to Third minister happened to be in town, for as street. The meeting house was a small yet neither had any settled among them. wooden building, erected in 1692 by the Keithian Quakers, who were a branch of ' -M ■-«. - 1 D., 1806-1812; the Rev. Henry Holcom the Quakers, and were sometimes called D D„ 1812-1824; the Rev. William T. Quaker Baptists. When the Keithians died Brantly, D. D., 1826-1837; the Rev. George out the Baptists retained possession of B Ide D.D., 1838-1852; the Rev. James H. the property, which was at that time In a j Cuthbert, D. D.. 1855-1861; the Rev. George fashionable part of the city. Dr. John Dana Boardman, D. D.. LL. D., 1864-1894, Redmond, the first President of the Col¬ when he resigned and was elected honor¬ lege of Physicians, resided just north of ary pastor; the Rev. Frederick F.Briggs, the church. The Baptists in 1731 took down 1895-1896. the wooden structure and erected a neat Tbe Consolidation. brick building. This also was taken down The present pastor, the Rev. Kerr Boyce in 1762. and a more spacious edifice erect¬ Tupper, D. D.t was called in 1896 from ed, which was enlarged about the year Denver, Col., where he accomplished a 1809. work that gave him a widespread reputa¬ In 1762 the Rev. Morgan Edwards, at tion as a preacher and also as a man of | that time a minister of the First Baptist rare executive gifts. He has been eminent¬ Church, took the first steps towards the ly successful since he assumed charge of founding of Brown University. He brought' the First Church, and his sermons attract the matter before the Philadelphia Asso\ large congregations. In the year 1895 the ciation, and the result was the establish¬ First Church was consolidated with Beth i ment, in 1764, of what was then known as Eden Church, Broad and Spruce streets, i Rhode Island College, at Providence. It retaining the name First Church. It was is now the third college in size and Im¬ the intention to sell the building at Broad portance in New England. and Arch streets, which was dedicated in Constituted, as a Separate Body. 1856, and also the one at Broad and Spruce At the time of the organization of the streets, and to erect a larger edifice in an¬ First Baptist Church of this city there other section of the city. The property at were but seven other churches of the de¬ Broad and Arch streets was sold recently nomination in Pennsylvania, which was to the United Gas Improvement Company, itself only sixteen years old. From the and the building has been pulled dowm beginning to 1746 the First Church had no Services are held at present in the Beth settled minister. In 1723 the members Eden Church, which there is every pros¬ chose George Eaglesfield to preach to pect will be also sold in a very short time, them, but in 1725 he left and went to Mid¬ probably before the date fixed for the bi¬ dleton. About the year 1746 the question centennial celebration. The First Church arose whether Philadelphia was not a has a membership of nearly 1100, and there branch of Pennepek, and whether the are two organizations among the women, latter had not a right to participate in tile a Dorcas Society and a Woman's Auxil- legacies bestowed on the former. For fear iaxy. the design of their benefactors should be Children of the First Church. perverted, the Philadelphia church, then From the First Church have been formed consisting of fifty-six members, was for- the following other churches: Roxbor- • mally constituted May 15, 1746. The Rev. ough. Second, Blockley, First Frankford. Jenkin Jones, who had been pastor of the Third, First African, Fourth, Sansom joint churches, selected to cast his lot Street (Fifth), First Camden, South Broad with that of Philadelphia. He became its Street, Church of the Evangel, Baltimore first pastor, retaining that position until Avenue and Immanuel Mission. The Beth his death, July 16, 1760. The Rev. Morgan Eden Church grew out of the Spruce Edwards was pastor from May 23,1761, Street Church, which was formed by a until 1772. During the Revolution he ad¬ division in the First. The First Church hered to the British side, and was the only withdrew its membership from the rnua- American Baptist minister who was a delphia Baptist Association in consequence Tory. The Rev. William Rogers, D. D., I of its conservative spirit in ant.i-sla.very .was the first, and for several days the days and joined the North Philadelphia Association. Since the consolidation it has returned to the Philadelphia Associa¬ tion- . , „„ This church has always taken an ad¬ vanced step ip missionary and philam- thropic enterprises. It was instrumental in the establishment, among others of the Women's National Indian Association, Philadelphia Home for Incurables, Bap¬ tist Orphanage, at Angora; Baptist Young People’s Union, of Philadelphia. gates from local missionary societies and other religious bodies convened on the 18th of May, 1814, in the meeting house on Second street, "to organize a plan for elic¬ FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH IN 1814- iting, combining and directing the ener The House was Then Situated In Lagrange Place, gies of the whole denomination in one sa¬ Just Off Second Street. Above Market. cred effort for sending the glad tluings of salvation to the heathen and to nations 1 only student of Rhode Island College. destitute of pure Gospel light.” Then was 1 In May, 1772, he was ordained pastor of organized the American Baptist Mission¬ the First Church, retaining that position ary Union. There the first Baptist asso¬ until 1775. He was Brigade Chaplain in ciation of America had been organized. the Continental army. During the Revo- | There the oldest Baptist association in the lution the church was without a pastor. country had “met at sunrise” when the The Rev. Elhanan Winchester was pastor news of the surrender of the British arms 1780-81; the Rev. Thomas Ustick 1782- at Yorktown, in 1782, was received. An 1803; the Rev. William Rogers, D., important feature of the work of the First 1804-1806; the Rev. William Staught-n, D. Church has been its Bible School, organ- 119 ized October, 1815, and the second in the city. The benevolences of the church have been widespread. As stated above, the First Church was constituted as a separate church in 1746; It was incorporated as a legal body In 1829; the building at Broad and Arch streets was dedicated in 1856, and the First and Beth Eden Churches were consolidated in 1895. ._/ AN INDIAN ECHO IN THE BUSY CITY Reservation Made by Wil¬ liam Penn in the Early Days on Second Street. AN OLD-TIME RENDEZVOUS. Set Apart as a Meeting Place for the Bed Skins, and Now Held Scored from the March of Building Progress. It will probably be news to a great rniany Philadelphians, and to more out¬ siders, to know that a lot, which lies vacant and without a building in one of the busy parts of the city, is an Indian Reservation made by William Penn. OF THE OLD INDIAN RESERVATION- It is down on Second Street, just above tioned, as a usual thing, but in this par- i Walnut, in earshot of the heavy drays ticular case it is doubtful. For this and- carts that pass continually by. In Indian Reservation is scarcely large the midst of modern civilization and bus¬ enough to give turning room for a heavy tle and rush, it stands as a sentinel of wagon and a pair of horses. A high the past, a relic of the early days of brick wall bound it on two sides, a Pennsylvania. wholesale liquor dealer’s warehouse You go through two swinging iron backs up against the third, and it is gates next to the old Union Telegraph open only on the narrow alley way Station, and up a little alleyway, paved guarded by the iron gates. with cobblestones, not half a minute’s When the Indians used Philadelphia walk is needed to bring you to the spot as their metropolis, and came down the where the. Indians used to come to Delaware and over across country trails build their council fires. to h their councils here, they needed some ,-pot for a trysting place. It was Penn’s generosity cannot be ques- to this purpose that Penn consecrated 120 the few feet of ground on Second Street, i city officials. But when the streets are cut a place especially convenient because of through, and the primitive forest and green its proximity to the river. fields are converted into building lots, more The echoes of the stealthy tread of j than one act of little less than sacrilege red men’s feet hang around the unkempt; will be committed. , , . ... place still, hut there is no mark to tell Directly at the intersection of what wi.l its former use. be Ninth and Rockland streets, according Penn’s fiat, however, still holds good. to the official surveys, is a vault containing It is to T>e an ^Indian Reservation, and' the bones of a dozen British officers. It is j no building can ever be placed ther^. only a matter of a few years at best before ' So the vacant lot has stood for the the old place shall succumb to the exigen¬ last century, held in trust for the own-i cies of time, and then for the first time ers, who will never come. J will be exposed to view all that now remains of the soldiers of King George. ^ „ _ __ There is a well authenticated tradition in the family that the oldest of the three houses was the recognized place of consulta¬ tion for Cornwallis and his staff all through . the British occupation of Philadelphia, and From the room in which these conferences were held is still called the Cornwallis room. The house now occupied by Mrs. Keim and her family was built in 1775 by Mrs. ICeim’s n4 '{//at -. aunt, Sarah Roberts, and was used as a hos- 1 pital bv the British during 1777 and 1778. The 1 older building, which is now occupied by Mrs. huL 7. jM. Keim’s farmer—for a portion of the estate, Date which is not heavily wooded, is under excel¬ lent cultivation—was standing when Thomas , Roberts bought the property in 1715. and is , believed to have then been, at least twenty- OUR miles north of Phil- | five years old. adelphia's massive City A Bit of History. Hall as the crow flies, The officers whose dry bones repose be¬ Is an estate of a hun¬ neath the velvet slope of lawn, died in the dred and ten acres, hospital and were placed there for tempo- which is interesting for , rary interment. But they were never re¬ a multiplicity of reasons^ moved, nor will they be as long as the mis- in the first place it is tress of “Solitude” shall survive. as completely isolated, as The first occupant of the farm house of though buried in a pnm- 1 whom, there is> any record was Mrs. Keim’s - itive forest, hundreds of ! grandfather, John Roberts, whose father, Thomasi Roberts, was ia personal friend of miles from civilization And yet William Penn, and who came to this country . Road trolley cars cla£g „Soltituae,” as the in 1699. Thomas Roberts was a Welsh gen¬ the lane which leads, °hile on all sides are tleman of the old sturdy type, With the un¬ estate is aptly named ^ Soiitude is conquerable Cambrian spirit burning be- ; Sy an oS oTpea/e and restfulness in a neath his Quaker gentleness, and probably : clung, as did many of his compatriots, to .desert of °f "al ! the hope of seeing an independent Welsh surrounded, as it , J 1 slumbers on, as colony established here, as to the day of his death he refused to learn a word of English. gsrssw ^ i When the war of the Revolution Ibroke out John Roberts, the eldest son of Thomas Roberts, was> living there, a widower, with ; as they did during our early strugg his two daughters and a son. In September, dependence. Gn the estate, mas- 1777, 'the southward swerving of the struggle There are t^eejionges on waUs three brought his isolated home into the midst of sive old colonial strucs > h hlll blasts the stormy activities. It was mainly, no j feet thick, imperious alike In the doubt, tile entire seclusion of the spot which of winter ^ Harriet de Benne- led to its being chosen by Cornwallis as his largest of these lives; ivi_ o£ ninety- council place. Perhaps, (too, in the case of ville Keim, who at thenpe oi g h0spitality the younger officers, there may have been a five still dispenses thather early subtle attl action in the glimpses of the quiet and good cheer ®° ‘faded within her. And home life and the fair-faced Quaker maidens. life, which has never f J: rations_children, her roof shelters four g t anchndren, Cornvrallis’ Courtesy. Cornwallis gave the young ladies passes through the British lines into the city, and i as none of .heir neighbors shared the priv¬ 5S^*«g^SiA a, Solitude ilege, they did shopping and carried friendly is not beyond Possible^ nQt counten- messages on occasion for all. Romantic jour¬ Philadelphia s city Mrs Keim’s estate, neys those must have been when the young ance the existence g bi straggling girls, Eleanor and Anne, mounted on their sleek ponies, rode away across the creek, alm°9t nfflc?aeily U does not exist. On the r/ma^htst^eets, «cutJthough, an^to through the richly wooded Northern Liber¬ ties, past the British barracks, and down to ^otudV^witrrts^a^cres and its cen¬ the home of their sister, Mrs. Evans, on Arch street. tury old trees, was stdi th • that the When the British officers were buried, standing in the little circle about the vault ss was young George de Benneville, aUad of fif- fo^er, have not faded to appeal also to the teen. Hts father, Dr. George, de Benneville, who figured in Dr. S. Weir Mitchell's delight¬ s'aim es of the Distinguished Pas- 1 ful historical novel “Hugh Wynne,” was the tors—Organization of the Sunday- first physician to settle in the neighborhood. School—The Outgrowth from the His life was a most useful one, worthy alike Historic Body. of his famous French ancestors, the De Bennevilles, of the auspices of his early life in England, where Queen Anne herself was the sponsor and guardian of his orphaned boy¬ The two hundredth anniversary of the hood, and of all the simple and beautiful con¬ organization of the First Presbyterian ditions by which he was surrounded in the jChurch, Washington Square,' corner of land of his adoption. Seventh and Locust streets, the Rev. George D. Baker, D. D., pastor, will be The younger De Benneville, the lad who celebrated on Sunday, November 13. There i 1 saw the red coats laid away in their last will be preaching in the morning by the I resting place, was married a few years later Rev. Francis L. Patton, D. D., President ■ to Eleanor Roberts, one of those gentle riders of Princeton University; a Sunday school who carried good cheer across the Wingo- gathering, with addresses in the after¬ hocking during the sad days of ’77 and ’78. noon, and a sermon in the evening, by I Their daughter, Harriet de Benneville, widow the Rev. Herrick Johnson, D. D., a former | of John May Keim, is now passing the pastor. The programme of the services f twilight of a beautiful life amid the scenes during the week has not yet been ar¬ so dear to her, amid the recollections of a i ranged. past which is dead to all save her active ' mind. Rev. Fynncis Mnkemie. The First Presbyterian congregation Mrs. Keim was born in 1803, and is conse¬ of this city had been regarded as the first quently ninety-five years old. Despite her organized in the United States, but from advanced age, she continues to remain young evidence discovered in the early part in spirit, while her every faculty remains of this century, to the Rev. Francis unimpaired. She has never worn glasses, Makemie is accorded the honor of being and often in the dead of night—for insomnia the first Presbyterian minister in this . is her greatest affliction—this wonderful old country. He was a native of Donegal lady- may be seen reading by the light of a County, Ireland, educated at one of the wax candle, a distrust of modern lighting Scottish Universities,and was licensed and methods being one of her old fashioned ordained by the Presbytery of Laggan, convictions. with a view to his coming to America in She is still fond of entertaining, and never I response to an appeal for ministerial help lapses from the courtly grace which seems a . which had been sent to that body from part of her. Her treasures are many and Maryland. Shortly after his ordination, priceless. She will show you a portrait in the date of which is not known, he came oils of George Washington from the inspired to this country and settled in Maryland brush of Benjamin West. She will bring out in 1683, where he organized the church in i bits of silk, and explain that they are from Snow Hill, the first Presbyterian church j the same piece of goods which served as in America. Several oener congregations j Martha Washington's inauguration gown. Avere gathered in that region. Mr. Make- | She will tell you that her mother and Martha / nie went from place to place as an itine- ! Washington patronized the same dressmaker, ' -ant missionary, extending his journeys and that is how the remnants came into her nto the neighboring colony of Virginia possession. ind as far as South Carolina. Very little is known of the early history j ‘ The entire place has a delightful flavor of of the first Presbyterian church in-Phila¬ ‘ real colonialism. Mrs. Keim’s china cabinets delphia. It is not known at what precise 1 would distract a professional collector, many time it was organized, and there are no (rare pieces having been brought from India records In the church of Its early history, j by a seagoing brother, Dr. John de Benne- lyille. Dr. Mease's “Picture of Philadelphia” states that “in the autumn of 1698, the Rev. J. A. (Jedediah Andrews, the first pastor),came from New England to Phila- 4 delphia, and officiated as an independent minister. The independents, who were also denominated Presbyterians, had by i From, (FQ. this time increased in number,” etc. The ; congregation at that time was principally : composed)*)!’emigrants from England. Scot- | iland and Ireland. Under the influence of j Mr. Andrews, they were moulded into | Presbyterianism, and early adopted that Inode of church government. Date, ^ 1 l / FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. was not independency, or the government ceived from Boston, “and would not. of each congregation by its own officers, says Mr. Andrews, “have been done with¬ governing its affairs in connection with out it.” It continued to be the place of the brotherhood, without connection with worship until 1793, when it was superseded any other Christian society. The Cam¬ by a more spacious and beautiful edifice, bridge platform admitted the office of rul¬ erected partly on the old site. During the ing elders in the church, and most of the Revolutionary War the church was totally churches in that day made use of that destroyed by the British troops, who had office; but as that was a matter of doubt¬ previously used it as a stable. ful disputation with many, and not so It was in the frame church building at blearly proved from Scripture as some the southeast corner of Bank and Market /other points, the churches were left at streets that the first Presbytery in Amer¬ /liberty to use this office or not, as they ica was constituted, in 1705 or 1703. The en¬ larged house continued to be the place of thought advisable.” first Place of Worship. worship until 1793, when it was superseded by a more spacious and beautiful edifice, How long before the year 169S they had erected partly on the old site. The last been associated for public worship, or mentioned b.uilding, which was distin¬ whether they were then organized as a guished for its architectural proportions congregation or a church, cannot be de¬ and beauty, continued to be the place of termined. Their first place of worship worship until it was considered to be un¬ was a frame building on the northwest safe, from the belief that it was not suf¬ corner of Second and Chestnut streets, ficiently firm, and from the fact that there known as ‘‘the Barbadoes Warehouse.” were already some fractures in the ceil¬ It belonged to the Barbadoes Trading ing. The place where it was then located Company, and had been used as a place having become also almost entirely a busi¬ for the storage and sale of merchandise, ness part of the city, and being remote but had been abandoned on account of re¬ from the residences of many of the con¬ verses which came upon the company. gregation. it was agreed to remove to the In Dr. Mease's ‘‘Picture of Philadelphia present site, on Washington Square. This it is stated that they, in connection with removal was made in 1S21. the Baptists, under the P-ev. John Watt, Hev. Jedocliali Andrews. had worshipped there several years before and they continued to worship in that The Rev. Jedediah Andrews, the store until the year 1704, when the congre¬ first pastor, was. born in Hinsham. gation erected its first church building, Massachusetts, ahd was an alumnus on the-south side of High (Market) street of Harvard University o£ the class of 1093. He was ordained and in¬ corner of Bank street, between Second stalled in the autumn of 1701. the year in and Third. It was surrounded by large which Philadelphia received its charter buttonwood trees, from which it came to as a city and Edward Shippen became its be known as the Buttonwood Church. It Mayor. The place then contained 590 was enlarged in 1729, about which time houses and a population of 5000. Mr. An¬ they adopted the Presbyterian form of government. This house was erected, or drews continued in the pastoral office un¬ enlarged by the aid of contributions re¬ til his death, in T747, a period of nearly fifty years. The growth of Presbyterian¬ ism in Philadelphia was very slow during the first half century of its existence, and the growth of the city during the town, N. Y., November 30, 1840, graduated same period was by no means rapid. In from the University of the City of New ,1750 Fourth street was its western limit: York in 1SG0, and from Princeton Theolo¬ it contained only 2076.houses and 15,000 in¬ gical Seminary in 1863. From 1863 to 1861 habitants. It is probable that the advanc¬ he supplied the Brainerd Presbyterian ing ago of Mr. Andrews made the ser¬ Church, Easton, Pa., and the Seventh vices of an assistant or colleague neces¬ Church. Cincinnati, O. He was ordained sary .in 1735. It is certain that in that and installed pastor of the Second'Church year the Rev. Samuel Hemphill was Watertown, in June, 1864. in October,' cither the assistant or the colleague of 1867, fie was called to the church at Oneida, Mr. Andrews. The next pastor was the N. 1., and installed in November of that Rev. Robert Cross, who entered on his year. He was installed pastor of the First labors in 1739, and was probably the col¬ i Church, Detroit, in October, 1873. He re- league pastor with Mr. Andrews. He j mained there until December, 1884, when continued in the pastoral office until June he received a call to the First Church of 22, 1758, when he resigned. It was deemed I this city. He was installed pastor Jan¬ necessary during his ministry that he uary 18. 1S85. Dr. Baker has been a eom- should have an assistant, and on June ! missioner to several General Assemblies, j 10, 1756, the Rev. Richard Godwin, of Al- and in at least two of these he was promi¬ lerton, near Liverpool, England, was call¬ nently spoken of for the position of Mod¬ ed, but declined. The Rev. Mr. Bennett erator. At the Washington Assembly of ‘ was then called, but objected to i 1S93- when the Briggs trial was taken up the mode of ordination in the j he was Chairman of the Judicial Commit¬ Presbyterian Church, and also on tee. He is President of the Presbyterian j account of ill health declined, but prob- Board of Education and of the Christian j j ably became a teacher in the college. A League, and a Director in Frinceton Sem¬ cail to the Rev. Henry Monson, a Chap- inary. He received the degree of D. D. i lain in the Highland Regiment, then in!. from Olivet College during his pastorate Pennsylvania, was also declined. The in Detroit. Rev. Francis Alison, D. D., was engaged Organization of the Sunday SohooL as an instructor in the College of Phila¬ The Sunday school of the First Presby¬ delphia in 1752. He was employed as an terian Church was organized in the winter occasional assistant to Mr. Cross, and of 1815, in the parlor of Jonathan Smith, subsequently ministered as a colleague Walnut street, above Eighth. The school with Dr. Ewing until his death, Novem¬ was held in the church, south side of Mar • ber 28, 1779. He was Vice Provost and ket street, below Third. During public Professor of Moral Philosophy in the Uni¬ worship children and teachers occupied versity of Pennsylvania. benches ranged against the wails. Th» The Rev. John Ewing, D. D., the next first superintendent was Mrs. John Con- regular pastor, continued in that office oily. After the sale of the old church the until his death, September 8, 1802. He was school found temporary, accommodations elected Provost of the University of Penn- m the lecture room of the Second Presbj - j sylvania in 1779. The next pastor was the terian Church, Cherry street, above Fifth. | Rev. John Blair Linn, D. D., who was In the spring of 1821,when the new church settled in 1801 and died August 30, 1S01. or Washington square was opened, the Sun¬ He was succeeded by the Rev. James P. day school held its sessions in the rooms Wilson. D. D., who was graduated from on the east side of the vestibule. The the University of Pennsylvania in 1788. Pie boys' school was commenced by Lemur! entered on- the pastoral office May 1, 1S0G, Wilson, son of the pastor. Dr. James P. and resigned December 29, 1829,. nearly a Wilson. The property northeast corner of 1 year preceding his death. The congrega¬ Seventh and Spruce streets was purchas¬ tion successively called the Revs. Thomas ed, and the building occupied as a school McAuley, D. D., and Alexander McLel- m 1849. The first missionary meeting was land, D. D., by both of whom the call was held in 1S56, and mission bands were form¬ declined. ed about the year I860. The Albert Barnes Rev. Albert Barnes. Memorial was dedicated on Sunday. Do" The Rev. Albert Barnes, from Morris- ; cember 13, 1896, and has been the means of ! town, N. J., was installed pastor June 25, greatly enlarging the work of the church 1830. He was the possessor of wonderful The superintendents of the Sunday-school ■ pulpit power, and the thirty-eight years have been as follows: Lemuel Wilson of his pastorate at the First Church was a William B. Davidson, James R. Eekard’ period of uninterrupted success and pros¬ Joseph H. Dulles, Charles M. McIntyre’ perity, with the exception of the charge Matthias W. Baldwin, Isaac Dunton, Wil' | of heresy preferred against him before liam Purves, John Sparhawk, Hiram the Synod in session in PhiladeJphiainlSSG, Ward, E. D. Ashton, William G. Crowell. : when he was suspended from the func¬ The present efficient superintendent, tions of the gospel ministry. An appeal Geoige Griffiths, assumed charge in 1S81 was taken to the General Assembly ai Descendants of tile First ClinrcJi. Pittsburg in 1837, and the decision was re- During the past sixty-four years a I versed by a large majority. This persecu- large number of churches and Sunday : tion added greatly to his popularity and schools have been the outgrowth of this usefulness, both as a preacher and able ! historic church.' About the beginning of commentator of the Bible. He resigned 1 1831, in the village school house in Hamil- the pastorate in 1868 and died in 1870. tonville, now West Philadelphia, was or¬ Mr. Barnes was succeeded in 136S by the ganized a Sunday school, which soon con¬ Rev. Herrick Johnson, D. D.,who resigned tained oi er 100 scholars. In a short time in 1874. The next pastor, the Rev. Law¬ a small congregation was gathered, rence M. Colfelt, D. D., served the church jjvhose affiliations were, for the most part, from 1874 to 1884. with the Baptists, and the outgrowth was Rev. Dr. G. D. Baker. the organization of the 'First Baptist ! The Rev., George Davidson Baker, D. D., Church, now the Epiphany, of West Phil¬ I the present pastor, was born in Water- adelphia. The Western Presbyterian Church, located at the southwestern cor- ner of Seventeenth and Filbert streets, until compelled to give way to the march TRINITY OXFORD. of improvement for the elevated railway of the Pennsylvania Railroad, was fos¬ tered and sustained by members of the TWO HUNDREDTH ANNITv ERSARY OF THIS First Church for several years. J. h>. Cummings and the late James S. Earle, L ANCIENT CHURCH. members of the First Church, organized in 1S38 wha+ w'as then known as the Cedar, Street P; :vterian Church, South street, Historical Sketch of the Organiza- above Eleventh. A few years ago the lo¬ tiou — Some Cnrioas Epitaphs cation was changed to Wharton street, Found ill the Graveyard—Names of above Broad, and it is now known as the Those Who Have Officiated During Church of the Atonement. The large and the Period. Influential enterprise known as the Wal¬ nut Street Presbyterian Church, Walnut street west of Thirty-ninth, is an out-, The 200th anniversary of Trinity Protes¬ growth of the Washington Square tant Episcopal Church, Oxford Philadel¬ Church. It was organized in March, 1840, phia, will he celebrated about the first by the Rev. Albert Barnes, as the Hamil- week in November. It is expected that tonville Presbyterian Church. The Clin¬ the services will be participated in by set ton Street Immanuel Presbyterian eral Bishops, who will then be on the Church, corner of Tenth and Clinton way from the meeting of the General , streets, was purchased and sustained by Convention in Washington. . . members of the First Church. In Novem¬ The precise time when this parish on^i- I ber 1853, Calvary Church was erected nated, or, rather, when the services of the and dedicated with a large number of the Church of England were commenced on most influential members from the First or near the spot, is not known. 11 ls 5;er" Church. The churches that have grown tain, however, that there were both a out of Calvary are as follows: OliveL church and congregation theie as early organized in April, 1856: Tabor North as the year 1700, if not earlier. The> Key. Broad Street, Oxford, Eighteenth Street I Evan Evans, for many years minister of Methodist Episcopal and Hope Presbyte¬ Christ Church, Philadelphia, a letter rian. The beautiful stone chapel of the written in the year 1707, to the s°eiety in Hermon Church, Frankford, was erected England for the Propagation of the Gos¬ by M. W. Baldwin, a member of the First pel in Foreign Parts, says. Trln • Church, entirely at his own expense, to Church, in Oxford township, lies in the commemorate the happy period of his county of Philadelphia, nine miles from youth and early manhood. The Wharton the city, where, for the first four# years Street Church, Ninth and M barton after my arrival in Philadelphia, I fre¬ streets, is also an outgrowth of the First. quently preached, and administered both For many years the First Church was the sacraments, and had, when I last invariably chosen for Conventions, Gen¬ preached in it, about 140 People-most of eral Assemblies and other great occa¬ the people brought over-to thk Church of sions. The first meeting of the General England from Quakers, Anabaptists and Assembly after the reunion was held other persuasions.” Mr Evans *5 ! there in May, 1870, as was also the cele¬ arrived in Philadelphia in the year 1.00, bration-connected with the centennial both a church and congregation were meeting of the Assembly in 1SS8. The at Oxford then. He writes as if he had ! amount contributed by the congregation found them there, and if ne were not I for various benevolent objects and church the means of establishing them, the only expenses has been annually from $25,000 ■ other minister who could have been was to $35,000. Very nearly the whole of the ' the Rev. Mr. Clayton, the founder of the | endowment fund of $100,000 has been se¬ church in Philadelphia, and the first cured. The membership of the church is Church of England minister known to over 000, and there are 500 scholars in the , | have been in the Colony of Pennsylvania. Sunday school. ! Commencement of the Parish. The officers of the church are as fol¬ i The commencement of the parish must, lows: Elders, Samuel C. Perkins, N. W. - Herkness, George Griffiths, George T. therefore, have been at least two years Harris, R. B. Brinton; Deacons, L. B- earlier, as Mr. Clayton died in 1698. The Hall, M. D., F. M. Brasemann, P. H. I church to which Mr. Evans refers was White, I. M. Irwin, G. C. Prince, W. F. ’ probably a building of logs, which, ac- Scholl. Trustees, George Griffiths, Pres¬ ; cording to Mr. ICeith, had been put up, or, at least, used, for a Quaker Meeting ident; George E. Webb. Secretary; A. K. House, but had been given by its proprie¬ Perkins. Treasurer: William McLean,t, JL.lI.• tors to the parish. In all likelihood it W. Faires, G. T. Harris, S. M. Lillie stood near the present church building, 1 S. Martin, R. B. Brinton._ and may have been the one afterwards spoken of in the records of the parish as “the school house belonging to Oxford Church.“Keith says: “The place at Frarlck- , fort in Pennsylvania” [or “Franck- fort! alias Oxford,” as he had before writ¬ From, ten]' "where the congregation assembles on the Lord’s Day, is called Trinity Chapel. It was formerly a Quaker Meet¬ ing House, built or fitted by Quakers, but some time ago had been given to the Church by such who had the right to it. / Some land adjoining was given by a per- Date cj /ML . 125 OLD TRINITY CHURCH, OXFORD. son wen anectea to ffte clvurcn, tor tne ' “Here lyeth the body of Elisabeth, the use of the minister who should reside wife of John Roberts, who departed this there, for a house, garden and small orch¬ life, May ye the 6th., in the year of our ard.” The person referred to was Thomas Lord God 1708, aged 41 years Graves, who made a deed dated December “Weep not for me, for it is in vain, 30, 1700, to Joshua Carpenter, of Philadel¬ Weep for your sins, and then refrain.” phia, brewer, and John Moore, of the On the inner side are the following: same place, gentleman, for the three acres “Here, by these lines is testify’d, of ground now embraced in the grave¬ No Quaker was she when she dy’d; yard, the lot adjoining, and which were So far was she from Quakerism, to be for “the use and service of those That she desired to have baptism. of the communion of our Holy Mother, For her, our babes and children dear. the Church of, England, and to no other To this, these lines true witness bear, use or uses whatsoever.” His name subse¬ And furthermore, she did obtain, quently occurs in a list of four persons, That faith that all shall rise again who, on the 18th day of April, 1715, were Out of the graves at the last day. chosen Church Wardens for the ensuing And in this faith she passed away.” Among other curious epitaphs in the year, the other persons being James Mor¬ gan, Edward Collins and John Roberts. church yard are the following: | "Here lieth the body of Edward Eaton, Some Quaint Epitaphs. who departed this life December ye 25, The last named was in all probability the in the year of our Lord God 1709, aged 65 husband of the person on whose grave¬ years. stone is the following quaint epitaph. The “My dear Redeemer is above, entire inscription on this stone is very Him am I gone to see, curious. On the outer side are the words: | And all my friends in Christ below I i i 26 _'.i? r , . . < v w After tlie Revolution. “In Christ I lived and dy'd, The first minister of the parish after Through Him I live again. the Revolution was the Rev. William My body here is lay’d, Smith, a Presbyter of the Episcopal My soul with Christ shall reign.” Church, of Scotland. He entered upon the “In memory of Toby and Hester Leech, charge of Oxford Church, and of All who came from Cheltenham, in Glouces¬ Saints Church, Pequestan, now Lower tershire, England, in the year 16S2, and Dublin (officiating also, most probably, in were here interred. St. Thomas's, AVhitemarsh), on January Tob> l fi.f y,ov. i c , , r74i 1, 17S5. He was succeeded in the next year Hester JDted 111 Aug. > 1,26 { A?ed .{ 66 j ^ ears- ’ ’ by the Rev. Joseph Pilmore, in February, “Here lies interred Jacob Leech, son of 1786. Measures were taken to have the Toby and Hester Leech, who died 28th of January, 1750-1, aged 57 years. two churches of Oxford and All Saints “He was of eight born last save one, incorporated, and, in the charter obtained, ‘-si one survives him now alone. Whitemarsh was included. In May, 1786, Thus life and death succeed for aye, these churches were all brought in union Until the final judgment day.” with the Convention by agreeing to the “In memory of Philip Tillyer, who de¬ act of association ^)f the clergy and con¬ parted this life October ye 25th, 1754, aged gregations of the Protestant Episcopal 50 years. Church in the State of Pennsylvania,” “Beneath this stone death’s pris’ner lies; adopted in the Convention of 1785. Some The stone shall move, the pris’ner rise, time between 1786 and 1789, the church When Jesus, with almighty word, building was enlarged. How long Dr. Calls His dead saints to meet their Lord.” Pilmore continued to officiate in the as¬ "In memory of Caesar Penrose (colored. sociated churches does not appear, but Died in 1831), sexton of this church more most probably until 1791, when there seems than half a century. Good and faithful to have occurred a long vacancy. In 1798 servant, well done, enter thou into the the Rev. John H. Hobart, afterwards joy of thy Lord.” Bishop Hobart, became the minister of AVIio First Officiated. Oxford and All Saints, remaining .one It is certain that a large part of the year. He was succeeded by Rev. Charles land given by Mr. Graves came soon to Cotton, who remained between one and be used as a cemetery, a,s in the eastern two years. In 1809 the Rev. James Wilt- end of it are gravestones of as early a bank became rector of All Saints and date as 1708 and 1709. The Rev. Andreas Oxford. He resigned the rectorship in j Rudman, a Swede, doubtless officiated 1816. The Rev. Dr. James W. Robins is there in 1705, and probably continued to a grandson of this clergyman. A short do so, at least occasionally, until his death time after the resignation of Mr. Wilt- in 1708, although at that time the mission bank he was succeeded by the Rev. was under the care of the Rev. John George Sheets, who continued to be the Clubb, who had special charge until 1711 esteemed pastor of the two churches, AU or 1712. The new church was erected in Saints and Trinity Oxford, until their sep¬ the interval between the years 1709 and aration into distinct corporations in 1835, 1711. It was probably on its completion and afterwards of the Oxford Church that the congregation received from alone, until the spring of 1854, a period of Queen Anne the chalice which bears the nearly thirty-eight years. During this inscription, “Annte Reginas.” The first time Emmanuel Church, Holmesburg, and person who officiated regularly in the new St. Mark's, Frankford, were built, in good church was the Rev. John Humphreys, part, as is supposed, through the instru¬ and the next was the Rev. Mr. Clubb, who mentality of Mr. Sheets. St. Stephen's, was. appointed to that station and Radnor Bridesburg, is a child of St. Mark's. Ox¬ in 1 i 14. In 1716 Mr. Evans became the mis¬ ford Church also received 'two enlarge¬ sionary to Oxford and Radnor, and in 1718 ments. In 1833 the two wings were added, the Rev. Robert Weyman was appointed, and in 1839 the tower for a vestry and continuing until 1732. He was succeeded Sunday-school room was built. In the be¬ In these two churches June 24, 1733, by ginning of 1854 the interior of the church the Rev. Alexander Howie, whose minis- : was changed. try continued for nine years. After him Rev. Dr. Buchanan, came, in the year 1742, the Rev. Aeneasj Ross, who had charge of Oxford Church j A few months after the resignation of and St. Thomas's, Whitemarsh, for six¬ the Rev. Mr. Sheets, the Rev. Edward teen years until 175S. On his transfer to Young Buchanan, D. D., a brother of ex- the mission in New Castle, Delaware, the President Buchanan, and then in charge care of the station was assigned to the: of two churches in Lancaster county, was Rev. Hugh Neill, of the missions in Kent invited to become rector of the parish county, Delaware. In 1766 the Rev. Dr. Having accepted, he assumed charge Oc¬ William Smith assumed charge of the tober 1, 1854. One of the first things done parish. He continued to officiate there by the new rector was the opening (in certainly until 1770, and most probably the then church tower), on May 6, 1855, of until his removal from Philadelphia to a Sunday school, there having been no Maryland, about the year 1779. Dr. Smith such school in the parish for a number of came to Philadelphia in 1753, and was 1 ears. The school at once became quite ashed to take charge of a seminary. He large for a strictly rural parish. In" the went to England that year, and was or¬ year 1862 a second Sunday school was dained deacon and priest by the Bishop i started in the parish (at Crescentville) of London. In 1754 he returned to Phila-I which soon exceeded the school at the oelphla and formed the seminary into church in numbers. In the summer of the College of Philadelphia, on Fourth the year 1855 were commenced tne ser¬ street, which was afterwards merged into vices in the small lyceum buililng at Jen- the University of Pennsylvania. kintown, which resuhed two years after in the organization of the parish, the 127 TThurch of Our Saviour. In the year 1856 was erected the substantial and comfort¬ Few spots in Philadelphia recall so many able parsonage house on the Second stories of Revolutionary and Colonial days street road, near the church. In tixejrear as the Germantown “Market Square,” at 1875, through the liberality of Mrs. Mary the intersection of Germantown ave. and P. Lardner, a tower was erected, and was Church lane. To the student of Colonial furnished with a fine toned bell. history the “Market Square’ teems with On May 7, 1870, the. corner-stone of the Revolutionary memories. One hundred chapel at Crescentville was laid by Bishop years ago the street at that point was a Stevens, and on November 20 of that year fashionable promenade, on which, accord¬ it was consecrated by him. In 1872 ing to tales of the colony of Philadelphia. great improvements were made in the Washington, Jefferson, Randolph and parish church building, and in 1877 the others of Revolutionary fame were to be church yard wall was repaired and a sub¬ seen almost daily. In the market house stantial and handsome stone wall was which once stood here Mrs. Washington erected on the side where there had been came daily for supplies for her market only a wooden fence. In 1878 the chapel at basket. It may be said that the firsr Crescentville was enlarged. In the spring "W hite House” was here, for just below of 1SS2 Dr. Buchanan, after a ministry in the square stands the famous Morris man¬ the parish of nearly twenty-eight years, sion, which was occupied in 1793 as the tendered his resignation, to take effect Presidential residence. the last day of September. On the eve The history of the old Market Square of his resignation a subscription was goes back to the days of William Penn started for the erection on the church grounds of a building for the accommoda¬ and the pioneer of Germantown, Francis tion of the Sunday school and Bible Daniel Pastorius. The first authentic men¬ classes. It was completed and dedicated tion of the Market Square is in a deed, April 23, 1883, by Bishop Stevens. Over the “wherein the said property” was trans¬ principal door is a marble slab with the ferred by Pastorius to a certain Derrick following inscription: “Commemorative Opdenkolch in 1691. A record of this con¬ of the rectorship of the Rev. Edward Y. veyance is preserved by William H. Em- Buchanan, D. D., in this parish, 1854-1882.'’ hardt.of the Mutual Insurance Company of The contributions in the first ten years Germantown, which corporation occupies of Dr. Buchanan's rectorship were $11,700; the ground at the northeast corner of the in the next decennial period $52,000; during square. The record is as follows: “The German¬ the remaining eight years $75,125.42, a town Market Place, containing one-half total of $138,825.42. The death of Dr. acre of land, being part of fiftv acres Buchanan occurred January 20, 1895. which Derrick Opdenkolch by and of the The Rev. R. Bowden Shepherd, who had 6th day of May, A. D. 1691, acknowl- been assistant to Dr. Buchanan for sev¬ eaged in county court of Philadelphia ihe same day and year, granted unii James enteen months, succeeded him as rector, Delaplaine, the father, in fee, Inch fifty remaining three years. The other rectors acres Francis Daniel Pastorius, as agent were the Rev. Henry Macbeth, 1885-92; the to the Frankfort Company, by his deed Rev. H. A. F. Hoyt, 1892-94; the present dated August 18, 1689, in which the above rector, the Rev. Linus Parsons Bissell, recited deed is endorsed and bote, re- corded in Philadelphia in Roils Office assumed charge in 1894. Book F volume 7 page 43, etc., have framed unto the said Derrick Opdenkolch >n,tee and the said James Delaplaine. the father by his deed dated the 6th day of the eleventh month January, 1763-4. acknowledged in open court, held m Ger- i7o!It0iTin the,2d, day of the third month, 1704, did grant the said half acre, or mar¬ From, ket place in Germantown by the limits and y1I??,ei?sli?ns above described unto the bailiff, Burgesses and commonality in Ger¬ mantown, their heirs and assignes for¬ (LA mer. And the above limits agreeable to the above draught were on the 14th day of September, A. D. 1740, properlv sur¬ veyed, fixed and ascertained by Beniamin Lastburn, surveyor-general of the Prov¬ Date, ince of Pennsylvania, in presence of the sundry inhabitants, to wit, James Dela- Plame and some fifteen others." The dimensions and limits mentioned *n tne recital quoted above show the Market square to be fourteen perches lone and nve and three-quarters perches wide. The ’SOLD record in Mr. Emhardt’s possession bears tills record: -Majoh 11, i867, from a paper in wwv?a£ds.v,°f, Wlndham H. Stokes, and - MARKET SQUARE which he thinks was copied from one in Benjamin Lehman’s hands.” MARKET HOUSE AND PRISON. Was a Fashionable Promenade During . ■A. market house and prison were erected iH ‘te s(Ware In 1741, the ground hav- Revolutionary Days. fra.nt.ed for that purpose bv Pe*aplaine- Just why forty years eiaMS^e- between Delaplaine’s grant and the building of the market house docs ITS HISTORIC ASSOCIATIONS L?^'KalthoUEh the necessity for a plied11 had beSn previ°usly felt and sup- The borough of Germantown was in¬ corporated in 1809, and the need of a prison was at'once felt. On January 25,' 169^5, Company, and new quarters'were se- It was ordered that stocks should be cured. erected for the punishment of evil-doers. The market house remained standing Accordingly, a tax was laid, on June. 28, until'an act of Assembly of April 10, 184S, 1701, for the building of a prison, erection authorized their removal. Their demoli¬ of a market, etc. “In June, 1702, James tion however, was not effected until sev¬ Delaplaine was ordered to remove the old' eral years later. In 1883 a monument to iron from the rotten frames of the stocks the Germantown soldiers who died in the and take care of it. Civil War was erected in the square. Sev¬ “This removal of the stocks evidently eral cannon and mortars surround the brought about an Increase of crime, for on monument, while the surrounding space December 31, 1703, the following order was is partitioned off into beds of variegated issued: ‘Peter Schumacher and Isaac flowers. Almost every house in the square Schumacher shall arrange with workmen antedates the Revolution. that a prison house and stocks shall be put up as soon as possible.’ ” There stood some time previous to this, at the southeast corner of the ivj.arket Square, a pond, and near it a small log house, which was about this period used as the prison. In this hut a certain Adam Hogermold, a peculiar character of ante- Revolutlonary days, was confined for in¬ temperance. There being no constabulary in Germantown at that time, Hogermold’s friends resolved upon a deliverance. Ac¬ cordingly, a crowd of them gathered that night on the green surrounding the primi¬ tive lock-up, and pried up the logs at one corner sufficiently to allow the prisoner to crawl out. Some time afterward, through carelessness on the part of the borough authorities, the charter being lost, Ho¬ germold, wishing to possess himself of the building of his incarceration, purchased the old house, and removed it to a point near the present Armat st., where he oc¬ cupied it as a residence. This took place some time in 1707, for, by reason of the loss of the charter, the Germantown gov¬ ernment ended on Christmas Day, 170S, having existed about seventeen years. THE PAXTON BOYS’ RAID. During the year 1762, a gang of several hundred young men, known as the Pax- tang (or Paxton) boys, recruited near Lancaster, announced their intention of From, u * raiding Philadelphia. On their way to the city the gang passed through German¬ town. Upon reaching the Market Square, the Paxtang boys took possession of the cblui ti. sheds their intention being to kill the friendly Indians sheltered there. Negotia¬ tions were opened by the citizens, and the mob agreed to go home. While quar¬ Date, ..{.A^. tered in the Market Square, it is related, the cock on the weather vane of the old Market Square Church was used as a tar¬ get by the sharpshooters of the gang. The accuracy of the aim of the Paxtang boys : /U ^.-1* a a * «o C-1 was proven some years later, when the steeple of this church was removed. An examination showed that the weather- cock was riddled with bullet holes. BETSY BOSS' BOOSE About this period the friendly Indians were taken to the market by the chari¬ table burghers. Here meals were provided for them One of the tables on which these repasts were spread is still a treas¬ ured possession in a well-known *amily m Germantown. HOWE’S HEADQUARTERS. During the time of the Battle of Ger¬ mantown the Market Square was occu¬ Transferred by Owner Mund pied by General William Howe as a head¬ quarters. In the course of the battle a to the Memorial battalion of Virginians, commanded by Colonel Matthews, was captured Dy the British and imprisoned in the Market Association Square Church. The Market Square was also noted as being the location of the first fire com- nanv organized in Germantown. This or¬ ganization, known as the “Middle Ward MR. WEISGERBER’S PLAN Fire Company,” was started in 1764, and its original list of members, still in ex¬ istence, shows the names of members of some of the best known families in Ger¬ As Yet in a Very Indefinite Shape, mantown. This company occupied a frame building in the rear cf the market Even Officers Not Being in sheds. This fire company occupied quar¬ ters in the square until 1819, when the company united with the Fellowship Hose Touch With It 129 ,,„Uldar th* ««*: “The National Amer- 1 cause oT the Influence it promised to have h^' .PIaS House and Bets-V R°ss Memo- upon the community from a historic stand¬ 1 • Association,” Charles H. Welsgerber, point and made no promise nor int'ma- tion that he would be in any way as¬ formerly hying at 2606 Brown sociated with any organization. When he ?or?n AMT0?,0611 yesterhay that the hls- was told that Superintendent Brooks was °„1C. °‘d dwelling at 230 Arch street, sup- interested on this same account and for the value that such a movement would America°nbfl ^ h°USe in which the first Ameiican flag was made, had been turned have upon the school children, he added over to the use of the American DeoDle as his commendation just as he had to the a institution. So laudable a project preservation of Independence Hall- and other like buildings. If his name was coum not fail to meet with hearty response being used as an officer, however, he wish¬ hi'?6 <.Whe“. the patrlotlc spirit is at ed it most distinctly understood that it is et.fmiUSh!.St and there were “any who without his authority. came and went from the curiooa little Superintendent Brooks was also seen, and structure delighted in the anticipation that ’ explained that he had had a number of the march of time is not to be allowed to Interviews with Weisgerber, and on account of the Interst he took in matters of this Independence * landmark °f “berty and sort which have an educational bearing, he might have said that he would not be What the National American Flag House averse to accepting the vice-presidency. Retsy Ross Memorial Association real¬ This was with the understanding that the ly is,however, nobody but Welsgerber seems organization would be regularly effected to know and he will not tell. The com¬ and nobody had received any authorization pletion of the organization has not yet to use his name in connection with the been reached, he says, and until that time collection of any moneys. This would be a subject for the determination of the or¬ ganization after it had been permanently wait **a- established, he said, and if anything else EXPECTED TO BE OFFICERS. has been done, it was without any sanc¬ tion on h's part. ,»F,n‘iLyeSterday “ was Impossible to learn the names of any save Weisgerber, OUGHT TO BE PROPERLY DONE. are said to be the promoters of the In this condition the matter must rest organization, and it was only after con¬ until somebody advances some further ex¬ planation as to the real purpose of the siderable persuasion that he was Induced plan. A number of gentlemen who were to announce the prospective beads of the Interviewed with reference to the sub¬ movement. Upon a piece of paper that had ject were of the same opinion that the been prepared for the Information of the idea if openly and properly carried out representatives of the press were the is a good one. But it must be clearly names of the following, who are expected established in the first place that there is to be the officers, although Welsgerber no scheme back of it for the personal ag- grandizment of any individual. carefully explained that no meeting had The plan which has been undertaken for been held for the purpose of their elec- the collection of funds Is one of gigan¬ tion: President, John Quincy Adams, 101 tic proportions, and would seem to have West Eighty-ninth street. New York; vice- no limit in the matter of results. It is president, Dr. Edward Brooks, Superin¬ proposed that any one paying ten cents tendent of Public Schools, Philadelphia- will receive a certificate of membership secretary, Morris Patterson Ferris, New in the organization. For the purpose of gaining subscriptions, the influence of the Yorp and treasurer, ex-Governor Robert E. school children of the country is to be Pattison, Philadelphia. Among the list of gained, and each person who sends in proposed” trustees are John Wanamaker, thirty subscriptions is to receive a pre¬ Rev. Dr. Henry C. McCook, Rabbi Joseph mium. Krauskopf, Rev. Dr. Russell H. Conwell The willingness of the American people Archbishop Ryan and others. There is also to contribute to anything that appeals to to be one trustee from each of the orig¬ the patriotic spirit has long since been inal thirteen States. demonstrated, and if once gotten under way there would be likely soon to be a While Mr. Welsgerber very frankly ad¬ magnificent financial return. Weisgerber mits that there Is as yet no organization, says that any money in excess of what is lie attributed that slight discrepancy in required to pay for the property is to be the plans to the fact that George 0. Mil- devoted to the erection of a memorial to >e.r> who was one of the prime projectors, Betsy Ross. In such movements it is died very suddenly at his home in New always customary that the funds shall be handled by some well-known banking York some time since. But for this the house until there is some more tangible transfer of the property would have been evidence of a substantial organization, sur¬ j signalized by appropriate ceremonies and rounded by the proper advisory boards or there would have also been a meeting committees to represent the public inter* to perfect the organization. The fact that est, it is probable the project will mein I the organization has not been perfected with but scanty encouragement. however, has not prevented people from sending subscriptions for membership and a memorandum Is shown of a number of persons, estimated to be about five hun¬ dred, who have already paid him 10 cents each, which will entitle them to mem¬ From, bership when the organization is per¬ fected. ( TREASURER SURPRISED. No one was more surprised at the news of what was transpiring than ex-Gover- nor Pattison when his attention was call¬ ed to it. He remembered having been ap¬ proached some time ago, he said, by a Date, '• ' *. 7/ I1 man who carried a paper which bore the names of a number of representative cit- jzens who commended the preservation of the Betsy Ross house as a worthy project. He was interested in the idea only be- nrartearM M M m M M M M M M mmm MM M M M mmmm m M £> M MM M M M MM. AN OLD LANDMARK IN MANTUA The old wooden house standing on Thirty-sixth and Brown streets and occu¬ pied by William Civil for over fifty years, was among the first buildings in what was known as Mantua village. The house has been recently placed in excellent repair, and is one of the best-preserved of the old landmarks of West Philadel-1 phia. In its early days the ground around was entirely fields, and it overlooked! the residence of John Penn, now in the Zoological Gardens, and known as Soli- ' tude. Among the quaint old legends of those early days were the tales of the Singing Spring, which was a stream that rushed down the hillside and coursed past Solitude; the haunted woods, which lay in the neighborhood of what is now known as the Zoological Gardens, and the old hermit, Whitcomb. The grounds that formerly surrounded the old homestead are considerably cut up with build¬ ing operations. but some of the old garden still remains at the rear. sylvania and of the records of the borough oi Carlisle. Pa., and from residents of Carlisle, Pa. who were personally known to her, and talked with her during the later years of her life. This shows conclusively that she was raised from childhood in Carlisle, Pa.; that she lived and died in Carlisle, and now lies buried in the old Carlisle publio burying ground. Over her grave the citizens of Carlisle erected a monu¬ ment, which is now standing. Mary Ludwig was born Oct. 13.1*44. Her early years were spent in the family of Doctor, afterward General William Irvine, who then re¬ sided in Carlisle. Here she became acquainted with John Havs. to whom she was married Julv 24, 1769. When the struggle for inde¬ pendence began her husband enlisted in Capt. The Official Molly Pitcher. Francis Proctor’s Independent Artillery Com¬ pany With almost every command a certain To the Editor or The Sun—Sir: It having number of married women were allowed, who. been decided to include “ Mollie Pitcher” among like the French vivandieres, did the washing and cooking for the troops, and. who were the illustrious personages to be preserved in sometimes upon the field to administer to the the new Capitol building at Albany, and as sev¬ wants of the wounded. Among these was eral places have laid claim to the honor of Mollie Hays, who after two years of march, having furnished to the war of the Revolution bivouac and battle, was to immortalize her the heroine of Monmouth, the following facts D At6the battle of Monmouth Sergt. Hays, whoi in regard to the matter are taken from the had charge of one of the guns, was severely wounded, when his wife took his place in the official legislative records of the State of Penn¬ i forefront, and when the battle was over_as-| sisted in carrying water to the wounded! This won for her the sobriquet of “ Moll Pitcher.” of its existence. The history of the For her brave conduct she was thanked by venerable parish is not only of interest Gen. Washington before she started for her to Episcopalians, as being one of the old¬ home in Pennsylvania with her wounded hus¬ est churches of that denomination in band. who died a few years afterward from the Pennsylvania, but also to the student of effects of his wounds. By a bill-passed Feb. history, as being one of the few landmarks 21.1822. the Legislature of Pennsylvania pro¬ of the past. Here in the same pla.ee for vided for the payment to “ Molly McKolly, for her services during the Revolutionary war,” ■well-nigh two centuries the same service the sum of $40 immediately, and an annuity of has been said, the same liturgy used, the same amount half yearly during life (see and the same sacraments administered, Laws of Pennsylvania, chapter 5106, No. 18, and countless men and women have re¬ page 456). Mrs. Hays, previous to the passage ceived the ministrations of the church, of. this act, had married George McKolly (Me- whose very names and existence nave 0? ;»ley), and it was by the name of Mollie Mc- long since been forgotten. The original Q. „.1ey that she is still more familiarly remem- building was made of logs, and was used £ bred by some of the older citizens of Carlisle, as a Quaker meeting house, and the ex- S8 which place she died, Jan. 26,1832, where act date when the services of the Church she was buried with the honors of war, aged of England began is uncertain. The Rev. | S'-1 yea, . R. A. Richards. - Evan Evans, one of the clergy connected , Cak:<, ’t,e. Pa.. Sept. 10. with Christ Church. Philadelphia, who came to this country in 1700, mentions in his diary Trinity Church. Oxford, and The True Molly Pitcher. Bays: “I frequently preached and admin¬ 1 To THE Editor or The Suh—Sir: In the light istered the sacraments and had when I tef the *ct of Congress of ''July 3. 1779, which was preached in it about 140 people.” It is passed upon the recommendation of the Council of thought by many that as Mr. Evans writes as if he found a church and con¬ Pennsylvania passed June 29,1779, making tempo¬ gregation already established, the only rary relief for “ Margaret Corbin, who was wounded other person who could have been the and utterly disabled at Fort Washington while she founder was the Rev. W. Clayton, the heroically filled the post of her husband, who was founder of the church in Philadelphia, [ killed by her aide serving a piece of artillery,''and and the first Church of' England priest known to have been in the colony of Penn¬ the further recommendation of the Board of War, sylvania. This would place the commence¬ July 24, 1780, to Congress, that " Margaret Corbin ment of the parish at least two years ear¬ receive annually during her natural life one com¬ plete suit of cloaths or the value thereof in money : lier, since Mr. Clayton died in the year in addition to the provisions made for her by said i 1698. act of July 3, 1779” (being a soldier’s half pay) I until tne year till the congregation wor¬ am of the opinion of Bancroft, who says that “ Art I shipped in the humble building which they and romance have confounded her with another had received as a gift from the Quakers, character. Hell Pitcher.” and they then erected the present build¬ I am inclined to think that Mr. B. A. Biohards in his letter to you of the loth inst.. is confused in this ing. According to the custom of the times respect, and that his Moll Pitcher was simply a cook It was made to face east and west, the al¬ in the army, as he says, for whom his State made tar being placed toward the east. For provision, but only in recognition of that service, many years it was without either pews or and not for " gallant condnct in manning her hus- floor, and for a still longer time without | band’s gun," for which service Congress granted a any facilities for being heated. It was pension to Margaret Corbin, who, in my mind, is the about this time that the parish received true, real and only Moll Pitcher. Congress never pensioned oooks. W. W. Soon from Queen Anne the beautiful silver Passaic, N. J., Sept. 19. chalice which is still in use. and which I __ - —— _» bears the inscription “Annae Reginae.” In I’ J-JwvVisy, ^ 3 1 T' - r j ) J Fv / J J r j r lilo the parish received a paten from several members of Christ Church Phila¬ delphia. Of late years another handsome chalice was given by Mr. Henry Ingersoll, an exact copy of the one received from' From, c netln;^nn.e’ in the year 1880 Miss Bally Morris Wain, who has been for a number of years one of the most liberal Silver fligon. t0 th® PariSh' a handsome During the long and eventful history of BppnPurISh "Jany distinguished men have ‘Vs wCtorS’ The first one was the tUhreZ?■, in d he was followed Date J^i./ke Rev. Mr. Clubb of whom it was ?' that he was the first minister that and hp00nk- ihacarep0f °xford and Radnor, and he paid dear for it, for the great fa-~ suc°h between the two Churches m such dismal ways and weather as we generally have for four months in the wmter soon put a period to his life.” The SECOND CENTURY Rev. John H. Hobart, afterward the Bish- °PWi hNr„nY°lk' was at one time "rector. H J”'th no on?. however,is the church more thePRpeaSSwaate -r S-^ , TRINITY CHURCH AT* OXFORD, PA. in the year of our Eord God 170J. a^ed do. wife of John Roberts, who departed this years^y dgar Redeemer is above, life May ye the 6th, in the year of our Lord God 1708, aged 41 years. Him am J gone to see. “Weep not for me, for it is m vain, And all my friends m Christ be.oy "Weep for your sins, and then retrain. Shall soon come aftei me. On the inner side are the following: “In Christ I lived and dy'd. “Here, by these lines is testify’d, Through Him I live again, No Quaker was she when she dy d; So far was she from Quakerism, That she desired to have baptism. For her, our babes and children dea’’, wrshir^ ESidC1 hiU tSfyear" 1682." and To this, these lines true witness bear, And furthermore, she did obtain. were here interred. That faith that all shall rise again Out of the graves at the last day,. gXI I And in this faith she passed away. • Here lies interred Jacob Leech son of Among other curious epitaphs in the Tobv and Hester Leech, who dieu 28th of church yard are the following: January, 1750-1, aged oi yeats. “Here lieth the body of Edward Eaton, who departed this life December ye -■ >. 133 “Ha was of eight born last save one, habitants of Germantown, and the boaru And one survives him now alone. of managers or trustees were residents of Thus life and death succeed for aye, that village. A cursory glance at the !Until the final judgment day.” names upon the tombstones in the ceme¬ “In memory of Philip Tillyer. who de¬ tery will revive memories of the founda¬ parted this life in October ye 25th, 1754, tion of that suburb and its early history. aged 50 years. ■ ■ By subsequent purchases, the premises "Beneath this stone death's pria’ner lies'; were enlarged to their present dimensions. The stone shall move, the prls’ncr rise, The frontage on Grmantown ave. is 180 When Jesus, with almighty word, feet, with a depth along Logan st. (or : Calls His dead saints to meet their I,ord.” Fisher's lane) of 350 feet, the whole lot | “In memory of Caesar Penrose (colored.) containing about five acres. Died in 1831, sexton of this church more In March, 1847, William Hood, a rich than half a century. Good and faithful but eccentric Germantown merchant,made servant, well done, enter thou into the a proposition to the trustees, that, in con¬ joy of thy Lord.” sideration of allowing him to build a The congregation of late years has dwin¬ vault in the footway near the front gate, dled away until now only a handful of he would erect a marble gateway and en¬ persons remain. It is thought by some trance. This offer was accepted, and Mr. that the parish could be again rejuvenated Plood built a beautiful entrance gate of : under the rectorship of a young, seif- Pennsylvania marble, with a handsome | sacrificing and able clergyman. arch, the canopy supported by Corinthian columns. He also put up a marble wall and handsome railing along the whole THE OLD LOWER front. Mr. Hood died in Paris in 1850, and his Instructions regarding the wall were carried out by his nephew, William H. Stewart. BURYING GROUND The vault, in consideration of which Mr. Hood’s gift was made, lies directly in the gateway in such a position that visitors must tread on the resting place of the ben¬ Historic Associations of This Old-time efactor of the cemetery in order to enter. The slab bears the following simple In¬ scription: Piace of the Dead. “William Hood, Born Philadelphia, Sept. 2d, 1786; Died Paris, January 18, 1850. Eliza A. Hood, Born August 18th, 1783, Died Au¬ gust 15, 1866. Mary Ann Robertson, Jan¬ ANTEDATES ALL OTHERS uary 30, 1813; November 8, 1886.” Sixteen years after Mr. Hood’s death the trustees obtained a charter under the title Crowning the summit of the hill leading of the Hood Cemetery Company. fro.n Wayne Junction along Germantown A walk through the old cemetery re- ave. to Logan st., lies the old Lower Bury¬ vea's many quaint inscriptions, some of them dating back to pre-Revolutionary ing Ground, or Hood’s Cemetery. Though days. Some of the tombstones are inde¬ ■ only five acres in extent, this diminutive cipherable, and their legends lost to the “city of the dead" possesses a history curious visitor; but many are in a good state of preservation, considering the two which, bit by bit, links the present to the centuries they have stood the storms and period -when Germantown ave. was an j ravages of time. One of these covers the Indian trail and the city of Philadelphia , grave of a certain Joseph Coulston (or itself a collection of about one hundred Covlston, as the peculiar custom of using houses, lying for the most part east of v for u has it). The inscription, though blurred, is still legible. It reads: 2d st. Peculiar interest is attached to the “Here Lyeth the Body of Joseph Covl¬ cemetery from the fact that the Lower ston, On Husband of Margaret Covlston Burying Ground antedates any cemetery and son of Captain Thomas Covlston, ol in this city. Hartshorn, In Darleyshire, in Old Eng¬ land, Who Departed This Life Vpon the The Instory of this little graveyard be¬ First Day of February, 1707-8, Aged 38 gins with the incorporation of the borough yeais And 8 months.” of Germantown. The lot at the corner of The stone is dark green talcose slate Main st. and Fisher’s lane was selected with the top rounded, as usual, and there as a suitable site for a burying ground in is a rudely-cut border, in which, on one side, is the representation of a column, 1690, a few months after the borough’s or- surmounted by a capital, leaving the 1 ganization. centre of the circular part of the border The plot was secured by gift from Jan to be adorned with an emblem of mor¬ Str.eepers, of Holland, probably one of the tality, an hour-glass. Another stone, of Moravian emigrants who came to Ger¬ I like material, standing nearby, records the burial of “Samuel, a son of Joseph mantown with Pastorius. The first au¬ and Mary Covlston, aged six weecks.” thentic record of a conveyance is a deed Two officers of Revolutionary fame also dated February 12, 1692, in which one Leon¬ lie buried in the cemetery—General John ard Arets granted the land to Paul Wolff, Agnew and Colonel Bird, of the British army. Both men fell during- the battle of his heirs and assigns, for no other use Germantown, and their remains were bur¬ than as a burying place forever. The ied in unmarked graves In the Lower , ground mentioned in this transfer meas¬ Burying Ground. The annalist, John F. ured one-half acre of a square form, ly¬ Watson, during his residence in German¬ ing along the eastern side of the Main st. town, discovered the graves and placed a monument over the spot. The stone Is or Germantown ave. of plain marble, and Is almost hidden by The ground was enclosed by a stone wall, the high grass and weeds. It bears this and the cemetery designated the Lower inscription; “No more at war, General Burying Ground. Records state that the Agnew and Colonel Bird. British Ot- cers, Wounded in the Battle of German¬ conveyance of the property to Wolff was town.” Another distinguished personage upon the Implied trust that the place was buried here is the Rev. Christian Freder¬ to be used as a burial place for the In¬ ick Post, a famous Moravian Missionary who died in 1785. The vault lies close to 54 the entrance way and is marked by a plain slab of marble and the following in¬ scription: "In memory of the Rev. Chris¬ tian Frederick Post, missionary for propa¬ gating the gospel among the Indians in the western country, on the Ohio, at Labrador and the Musquito Shore in North America. After labouring in the gospel forty-five years with distinguished zeal prudence and fidelity, he departed this’life on the 1st day of May, 1783, aged seventy-live years.’’ Post was prominent during the French and Indian War, ow¬ ing to his influence with the tribes in Western Pennsylvania, and it was mainly to his efforts that the fall of the French monarchy was due. Post was despatched -by the Pennsylvania Colonial Govern¬ ment to induce the Indian allies to desert the French force at Fort Du Quesne. So well did he succeed that when the army under General Forbes approached the DAVID R1TTENH0U8E garrison fired the fort and fled. Many of the gravestones bear legends which would be comical but for their sombre associations. One of these marks FIRST ASTRONOMER the grave of Johannes Frey, who came from Germany, and died in 1765: "Hier ruhet in Gott Johannes Frey: FAMOUS PHILADELPHIAN THE LEADER Geb. den 20th Apl., 1698; Gest. den 11 Septem., 1765. Seines alters 67 jahr, 5 IN AMERICA. monat. "Ich war der Frey, doch bin Ich hier erst reeht Frey warden. Lebt Sunder frey so kommst du auch in HIS HOUSE A LANDMARK Meinen orden.” A liberal translation of this is: “I was called free, but now have I become truly The Picturesque Old Homestead 'Well Free Live free from sin, then will you be Known Locally-Is Over Two Hundred as I am, Free indeed.” A curious relic of the early years of Years Old — Now Threatened With the cemetery's existence is preserved in Destruction—Interesting Facts Con- the wall on Fisher’s lane at the corner of Germantown av. It is part of an old tombstone, and bears a skull and cross- bones, beside a strangely-lettered text: "Memendo Mory.” The history of this The birthplace of David Ritleuhouoe, relic is enveloped in mystery, but it has America's earliest astronomer, is threatened been supposed that the stone marks a with destruction. As with many other such custom practiced by the olden Germans of putting a spell upon everything, al- relics, the family to which it once belonged, though what influence the mere injunc- , the public officials iu whose care it rests, tile tion to remember the dead could exert is I citizens whose property it is. are alike ni- not known. ,different, almost contemptuous, toward lls Another quaint funeral custom practiced value and its place as a living witness to by the primitive German settlers is the colonial history. Time and time again the manner in which the good people of Ger¬ Commissioners of Fairmount Park, who pur¬ mantown were bidden to funerals before chased it in 1891. not with n view to pro- the days of newspapers. Along the road, serving the ancient landmark, but including, up one side and down the other, a herald I a piece of property which encroached on the| would stalk, who, standing at the door¬ way of each house in its turn, would Park environs, have threatened to pull It) proclaim to the dwellers therein, whether ; flown. Should they succeed in this project visible or not, “Thyself and family are | as they did in destroying the old paper mil! bidden to the funeral of Dirck Hogermoed nearby, the first ever built iu America, out at 3 o’clock to-morrow.” This practice of our most interesting historical monument was faqilitated by the prevalent use of l will have been lost. “Dutch floors,” divided horizontally in the The little whitewashed stone house stands middle. The upper half was always left open in fair weather, thus expediting the sunken by its age and infirmities beneath the work of this funeral Stentor. At the ap¬ level of Ritteuhouse street. Philadelphia,; pointed hour the citizens would gather at just where it is merged into the river drive the house of the departed burgher, and of Fairmount Park. each, as he entered, would take from a Aside from its associations with David Iiit- table that stood by the door a glass of tenhouse, the Rittenhouse homestead claims spirits to drink to the memory of tne de¬ attention as the cradle of one of the oldest, ceased townsman. After a time spent in most flourishing, and most representative solemn communing they would remount family stocks ever transplanted from old their horses, the wife on a pillion behind her husband, and thus ride to the burying Europe to young America. ground to witness the funeral of their This boy, David Rittenhouse, was the neighbor. great-grandson of old Wilhelm. With him, Another practice mentioned in connec¬ the spell that bound the family to the old! tion with funerals in Germantown is that homestead would seem to have been broken,! of girls carrying the body of a companion for. during his early childhood, his fathcij to the grave. removed to a house on the Germantown aud| Perkiomeu turnpike, about five miles north: of what is now Norristown, whore he built his famous observatory. This farm even¬ tually became the property of David, being] deeded to him by ills father in 1764. THE OLD HOMESTEAD j When young David having hungrily seized If genius is "an immense capacity for tak¬ - jon some forgotten tools and books of geom¬ ing pains," and there is little doubt of it,this etry and mathematics belonging to a de- pioneer among American scientists proved iparted uncle, a carpenter, and made good his genius iri his every undertaking, puttint |use of them announced his wish of abandon¬ an incalculable, amount of study and prep ing farming and going into some mechanical aration into every task he entered upon [trade the house of Rittenkouse was filled He spent months in toil, research and expert with the dismay usual in such eases. ment before taking his observation of thi Family obduracy at last melting under his transit, so as to be certain of their accuracy [pleading the necessary tools for the cloek- Little wonder, then, that when the trans’i paking -business were brought and Davitf had passed, and his observations had beet plowed to enter on his chosen course of ! proved to be not only the most successfu work and study. 1 but the most approximately accurate one- I So ardently did the young philosopher ever given to the world, the unpaid prov plunge into his work that he wrote of him- ineial student, who has surpassed the . self in 1756, during the French and Indian . achievements of the salaried astronomers war, that it was possible that the enemy of the royal observatories of Europe, fell might enter the town and surprise and slay down in a swoon from excitement. him while he was engrossed in making a This fixed Rittenhouse’s fame in his own telescope, as Archimedes was slain while day; it should have more surely perpetuated making figures in the sand. it to the present, when the pioneer in every It was in 1770 that European savants were branch of American learning—letters, art first obliged to turn their eyes to America and mechanics—receives more than his due in astonished admiration at the feat of a of loyal appreciation. backwoodsman. David Ritteuhouse’s cele¬ He was not a Newton or a Liehnitz, per¬ brated orrery, the plaything quarreled over haps, not even a Franklin, although the by rival colleges and the contemplated gift latter owes his present day fame far more j to a queen, spread his fame beyond pro¬ to a racy individual in his literary style than vincial borders and set even scientific Eng¬ to his achievements as a man of science. land in a great excitement. All the orrel-les But he was the first American to take his constructed before this were little else but. stand among the little- lonely group of the approximations, by which .it was impossible I world's astronomers—too important a char¬ to indicate the celestial phenomena at any- acter on the little stage whereon such great given time. events were enacted in the years 1700-1800 Rittenkouse’s model, which cost him three to deserve oblivion. years of labor, was the most complete affair At present his body lies in Laurel Hill of the kind ever constructed, and not Cemetery, Fairmount Park, whither It was merely learned men like Franklin, but the transferred from the burying ground of the • populace at large simply went wild over it. old Presbyterian Church at Third aud Pine / Crowds went to see the wonder at the Uni¬ streets, Philadelphia; his birthplace is in versity of Pennsylvania, where it was dls- danger of destruction, and he is without played; and after the Legislature of the a monument save that erected to him in htace had viewed it in a body they passed a the Court House yard at Norristown, the resolution giving £300 to the inventor as a seat of his first observatory. Philadelphia, testimonial and engaged him to make an¬ where he lived the most fruitful years of his other still larger than the one before for life; America, for whom he first won re¬ £100. spect and recognition among European men ■ ! of learning, has raised no monument to him. I When she tardily makes up her jewels and * • raises statues to her neglectedjsons, there- should be a niche for David Rittenhouse._j. PHILADELPHIA HAD It seems that Philadelphia, notNew Yor ^ ^ Their editors were in 1785 two directories were brought bl,okers. They were per Captain John MacPherson and Fran ^ dlf£e, haps in opposition to each other “ “ ‘ P burbs extending to Prime Street “MacPherson’s directory of the Tenth Street westward,” was a du southward, Maiden Street northward, and. Teg* « each. The editor decimo pamphlet, and allowing for the spaces took the pains to-number the house cQurs0 of the sun from whence the . >’ to be built up; his plan was*, fO^ streets from Market beginning at the north- afSTSSi^ at the -ally than White.. There*! The names are more perfectly arranged p a person who would not one eccentricity about ithowever; wtmnhe. .WP^ of ^ name he would set furnish the name (as ^ ivemen^ y “What you please,” I shall down opposite the number, the answer g not give it.” “I won’t telV’ was an 8vo. pamphlet, containing 83 pages “White’s Philadelphia Directory in alphabetical order; and not of about forty-five names, arranged ? sa’d to live in such a street, having the advantage of numbers, the between such and such streets, viz.. Assembly; Market b. Fifth and Robert Morris, Esq.; Merchant^“^ellency President of Pennsylvania, Mar Sixth Street; Benjamin Franklin, his a william Allibone, captain, - — " printer, Quarry b. Arch and Race Streets. guch as th6 Grand Depart- It also contained much misce aueou supreme Exeoutive Council; the ments of the United States; the Hon ^h S ^ peaoe> and other civil offl- Hon., the General Assembly; Jute6* JuS* ^_foup; ministers of the gospel cerS; counselors-at-law-of which tnere a g. professor3 of the umver- —of which there are sixteen; loCated on Front Street, near sity; rates of porterage, etc. ; Post °ffl^ t the Honorable Thomas Chestnut; Bank of North America m Che W Stre^ ^ ^ ^ ^ Willing. Esq., anii*Fourth of July excepted). Hours of business1 are'^rom EtiU 1, 1- New York every Tues- jr^zr^*^****™" forwarded O’clock the same day. Baltimore 0n Thursday and returns on Saturday at The post arrives from Baltimore 12 o’clock. ■ <• at 4 o’clock for New York from Mr. Francis i^triSLrsM Mrs-paurs> at the indian Kins: ot er8 return the same day. James Thomson’s at the Indian ^ — *—? V'U; tor" every Monday and Friday at 6 o clock in e Society of Cincinnati, a There is also given the names of the JPj „ reserved by Francis Table of Dollars and other coins, a t . sell continental money. State White, wherein he announces flu*^^ offlce cartifiCates, militia money, depreciated certificates, bouses, farms, lots, plants- pay notes, etc., and buys and sells on_ comm boardlng and lodging in the; Uons and back lands; and procures houses, ro^^ ^ ^ cbestnut Street, city for strangers and others. His direct0ry was published until 1791: near Third Street. It numbered) at which time Clement Bid- (when the city was probably regularly die issued one of 188 pages. _____ Charity The old Wain mansion, which was re¬ cently offered to the National Relief Com¬ mission as a home for convalescent soldiers, is one of the oldest of the old homesteads remaining in Philadelphia. If. is a mag¬ nificent specimen of the old Dutch colo¬ nial type, was erected over one hundred and fifty years ago on a tract of land deeded to the ancestors of the present owners by William Penn, in Frankford, at what is now the corner of Wain and -* v“ M o'-^ Good streets. According to family tradition, the man¬ sion is in the same condition as when THE WALK MANSION (first built, with the exception of an addi¬ tional story added to the main building in 1810. The building is built of brick brought from England, and possesses an A Stately Old Homestead Of¬ individual style seldom seen in the colo¬ nial architecture prevalent at the time fered for Hospital Pur¬ of its construction. Three high stories form the main building, while the wings poses are two stories in height, with garrets. The whole appearance of the building is very solid and substantial. COLONIAL DAYS RECALLED ROOMY INTERIOR. The character of the interior of the house is such as befits its outward ap¬ pearance. High ceilings, great, wide fire¬ Many Festivities Were Held in the places and polished hardwood floors form¬ ed a suitable setting for the old-fashioned Rooms Now Given Over to furniture and priceless heirlooms which formerly filled the house. The old home¬ stead is now stripped of its treasures, the urniture, plate and pictures having been THE REAR VIEW OF THE OLD ^ALN MANSION wed several years ago, when the fam- The 6trange history of this remarkable ceased to occupy the house. production is recalled and made particu¬ Not the least interesting things about larly interesting at the moment, by the the place are the great trees which sui- discovery the other day in a local auction round it. In the fifteen acres of land room of what is supposed to be the identi¬ comprising the estate are numbers of old cal book of common prayer used by Frank¬ trees which have stood since the time of lin when making the alterations and the colonies. Two immense poplars which abridgements for the prayer book which guard the entrance to the homestead and overshadow its porch were the particular was later published under his direction. pride of the Wain family. The trees were This exceedingly valuable, and, of course, planted when the house was built, in 1740, unique book, forms part of a very large and a record of their growth was kept and rare collection of Bibles, prayer books from that time until the beginning of and liturgies, which have been gathered after years of collecting, by a well-known the present century. citizen of Philadelphia, but which will SOMETHING ABOUT WALNS. shortly, now that the hobby has left their The Wain family came from Settle, owner, be disposed of under the hammer Yorkshire, where they were landed pro¬ of the auctioneer. prietors. Nicholas Wain was a friend of • * * William Penn, and seemed the right from him to locate one thousand acres of land Few people are aware that Franklin in Pennsylvania. In 1740 the old home¬ ever bothered his head regarding religious stead was built on a part of the estate, matters to the extent at least of making distant about six miles from Philadelphia. what was not needed,a brand new prayei In descending from father to son the- es¬ book for public use. And as a matter ot tate came into the possession of Robert fact it is doubtful if he ever would, under Wain, who was born in 1<65. He was ordinary circumstances, have undertaken a merchant, and by carrying on an ex¬ such an unusual task for a statesman. tensive shipping trade with China and In¬ But while in London in 1 (<2, he became dia did much toward increasing the for¬ acquainted with Sir Francis Dasliwooa, tunes of the family. Robert Wain was Lord Le Despencer, who requested his as¬ a member of Common Council of Phila¬ sistance in the carrying out of an .idea delphia in 1792, of the State Legislature which he had conceived of reforming the in 1795, and entered Congress, then meet¬ book of common prayer. ing in Philadelphia, in 1798. It is said * * * that Wain, when attending Congress. , A glance at Sir Francis' record is quite made the journey from his home to the enough to convince any one that he was citv heavily armed, to be prepared for probably the last man in th^ world to j brigands who might be lurking in the wild undertake such a task even conjointly with ; country between here and ^rankford. a man of Dr. Franklin s standing. A The town house of the Wains was on few years previous to his meeting with Second street, above Spruce, their country Franklin, he was a notorious roue and mansion being used as a summer resi¬ dence In colonial times and after, both d FOUND IN'AN AUCTION SHOP CONTA1M PEN AND INK CHANGES MADE BY HI ENJAMIN FRANKLIN wasj undoubtedly a man ot many j parts, hut one of the most i ^Franklin, however, took the matter up curious and extraordinary ot ! in earnest and as he was always a radi- his numerous undertakings was j gal in religious matters he made fearf a complete revision of the Church of England prayei , 7) book. Common Prayer, And Adminiftralion of the S AC R A MENTS A N D O T H E R Rites and Ceremonies OH THE CIIOKC II. According to the Ufe of the1 CHUR CH of ENGLs$N2): Together wjfl, the' P^ £f % or P g|>g g> /> ^ F / D, Pointed as they are to be Tung or faid in CHURCHES. Prated by-f-tf-Q fifj j to thc-U-N I V'£'R"STT Y -mLlwi, bl? f •terations, as~“a glance ~z: —o _ sedSto hh-b0°k bearinS what are sup- forgiveness of sins and the life everlast¬ d to be his manuscript changes proves ing. Amen.” * * * The good doctor also wrote the follow¬ column after column of the calendar ing preface: ■appeared with a single stroke of the “Preface to Book of Common Prayer and Administrations of the Sacrament, I /h^ConfeLSn.^fSe^Ab’ and other rights and ceremonies of the Church, according to the use of the j Church of England, together with the I Psalter or Psalms of David, printed as ^h^^owingf “fCe/ievi m Goethe they are to be sung or said in the a^?er maker of heaven and churches. London, printed in the year Toni1’ rnt !n Jesus Christ, his Son our MDCCLXXIII.” He also abridged the Cord. I believe m the Holy Ghost the Cathechism and Psalms. In 1773 the work was printed in the finest style at ■MS* 40 expense of Lord Despencer. As was ate natural under the circumstances in England it was hardly noticed, but in this country, where it became known as “Franklin’s Prayer Book, it attracted more attention, and, when, after the sep¬ aration,the Church in America set to work to compose its system and rituals, we find that the gentlemen who prepared “The Proposed Prayer Book studied Franklin’s book with care and adopted ideas for it. . Snarks in his life and works of Frank¬ lin, in speaking about this work says: “During his absence from London, in the summer of 1773, he passed a feiv weeks at the country residence of Lord Despen¬ cer and employed himself while there, in abridging some parts of the book of com¬ mon prayer. A handsome edition ot this abridgement was printed for Wilkie m St. Paul’s church yard, but it seems never to have been adopted to any church nor Benjamin Franklin to have gained much notice. _ “Franklin's own account of the incident following curious note on the title page. is contained in a letter to Granville “The copy from which I inserted the pro¬ Sharp, dated July 5, li85, in which he posed alterations by Dr. Franklin was says: “The liturgy you mention was an lent to me as a great curiosity by Bev. abridgement of that made by a noble Dr. Lort, March 11, 1783. S. Sarum. Lord of my acquaintance who requested me to assist him by taking the rest of the book, viz.: The Catechism and the reading and singing Psalm. These I abridged by retaining of the Cathecnism only the two questions, What is your From,.. duty to God ? what is you duty , to your neighbor? with answers, lhe Psalms were much contradicted by leav- ing out the repetitions, of which I found more than I could have imagined and the ... imprecations, which appeared not to suit well the Christian doctrine of forgive¬ Date/ ,1 ness of injuries, and doing well to ene¬ T 'V. mies. The book was printed by Wilkie in St. Paul’s Churchyard but never much noticed; some were given away, very few sold, and I suppose the bulk became waste paper.” # ^ ^ PENN’S GRAVE To-day the book is of the utmost rarity, j not half a dozen copies being known; two of these are owned by Philadelphians. r AT JORDANS One is ini the fine library of the Episcopal Divinity School in West Philadelphia, while th(f other is owned by Dr. Bache, who is a descendant of Franklin s. Dr. Quiet Buckinghamshire Bache consequently inherited his treasure in a direct line from his distinguished an- Graveyard Where the C $ 141 Rah- has caused quite a stir in England, 1 K etly for a hundred and eighty years. It headstone, consists of five graves, occupied was claimed at that time that there was an by five children of William Peuu. uncertainty as to the exact spot where "The grave farthest from the wicket in Penn's body had been buried, but subse¬ the first row of graves ou the right is that quent investigation has pretty conclusively of Penn and his second wife. It bears the shown that the grave marked in the old inscription, 'William Penn, 1718, and Han¬ Jordan’s churchyard contains all that re¬ nah Penn. 1726.' The grave next this is mains on earth of the founder of Pennsyl¬ that of Gulieima Maria Penn, his first wife, vania. who died in 1689, while the nctxt two are occupied by the remains of her mother and Jordan's, where the grave can be easily stepfather respectively. In the second row found now, is a remote spot in the southern are the graves of two other of Penn's chil¬ extremity of Buckinghamshire, but a sec¬ dren. those of Letitia and Springett Penn. tion hallowed by memories of Milton and Iu the third row is that of Thomas Ell- Hampden. Milton's house at Cbalfont St. wood. the simple-hearted man who read to Giles is not far away, and still well pre¬ Mjlton when blindness had befallen him; served. Indeed, it was through the instru¬ also that of his wife.” mentality of Penn that Milton selected The records of the district meeting con¬ 1 Cbalfont for his home at the time of the tain the minutes that iu July, 1862, a com¬ great London plague. It is but two miles mittee was appointed “to place grave stones from Cbalfont St. Giles to Jordan’s Meet¬ over such of the graves at Jordan’s, the ing House. There is only one house in sight identity of which had been ascertained.” of Jordan's, and one wonders why so solitary The committee reported, June, 1863, that a place as this sho.nlfl have been selected as this had been done. The graves of the a Meeting House. But two centuries and Penns, Penningtons and Ellwoods are a quarter ago this section was probably more placed close together; all formed one com¬ thickly settled. Penn's grave is at the munity when living. Isaac Pennington re¬ front of the old structure, which is still I sided at the neighboring Grange, in the well preserved in much the same condition j neighboring parish of Cbalfont St. Peter. it was when his body found there its last ! He became the second husband of Lady resting place. It is a plain brick building, j ; with a tiletj roof and latticed windows. A ! Springett, the mother of Penn's first wife, aud was one of the intimate friends of Mil- cottage of three rooms is attached to it. j The Meeting Mouse and. burial ground are ton. Gulieima Marla Springett, the future situated in a grove of magnificent lines and r\ile of Penn, is described as being a most t beeches. A writer, Alfred P. Story, who ! accomplished woman, "as good as she was visited the spot in 1881. when the city of beautiful, and as beautiful as good." j Philadelphia was making an effort to have The little village of Penn, ejght miles away, was named, not after him, but others of liis family. Penn himself first visited the PENN’S GRAVE AT JORDANS place in 1G70. He "came to visit his frieMOT'" Isaac Pennington, and was there intro- i duoed to Guilema Maria Sripgett, whom he married in 1671. i Thus both by pedigree and marriage William ' Penn was intimately connected with the neighborhood of Jordans, and doubtless it was on this account that he se¬ lected it as his burial place. Although for some time he had lived at Rickmansworth, in a house which is yet in existence, he was at the time of his death, which occurred on the 30th of July, 171S, residing at Rnseombe, / 7 r/ in Berks, whence his body was conveyed to Date f f ? Jordans. William Penn’s head lies to the south; that of Hanna C'allowhilJ, after whom, by the way. Oallowhill street in this city was named, lies to the left. Her body rests upon I WILLIAM PENN’S GRAVE. his. When the grave was opened to receive —*- her body Prince Butterfield says that he saw Particulars About Its Attempted Dese¬ the leaden coffin in which Penn's body was cration. buried. I ■ 143 From The London Chronicle. A correspondent, writing- from Chalfont St. Giles sends us an account of an at¬ tempt to desecrate the grave of William Penn, who was buried at Jordans in the yard of the little Quaker meeting house, Dr. Charles Cadwalader Will which has stood there for some centuries. Our informant states that the inmates of Present to it Historical the cottage, which stands near the burial ground, were awakened in the early hours Family Documents. of a recent morning by the furious bark¬ ing of their dog. They did not pay any attention to this, but when daylight came The Historical Museum of Independ¬ it was found that William Penn's grave ence Hall will be enriched in a short had been partially opened and about two time by the addition to its papers of an feet of the soil removed from the top. It exceptionally valuable collection of let¬ |is conjectured that the barking of the dog- ters, engravings and manuscripts, the property of Dr. Charles Cadwalader, of disturbed the person or persons who were 240 South Fourth Street. For some time engaged in doing this. At any rate, they Dr. Cadwalader himself has had this seem to have been alarmed by something, matter in contemplation, and has also for they left a spade and some newspapers. been urged by friends who realized the The burial ground is a very secluded spot, historical importance of the material 1 and few persons pass that way, especially which for several generations have been at night time. accumulating in the old family mansion The Buckinghamshire police were apprised down town. Recently he wrote to Chief ot the attempt which had been made and Eisenhower, of the Bureau of City Prop¬ our correspondent states that they were engaged in endeavoring to trace erty, suggesting the offer and furnishing' the desecrators and not without hopes of a general outline of the store of mater¬ success. ial in his possession, and a number of i William Penn died at Ruscomb, near Twy- the most important documents. tord, in Berkshire, and was buried at Jor¬ Yesterday Dr. Cadwalader received a dans , on 5- 171s- His first wife, reply expressing the pleasure of Chief Gulielma Maria, and his second wife, Han¬ nah, together with his eldest son, Sprin- Eisenhower at the prospect of so import¬ g‘6tt> w ore buried near him. Some years ant a contribution to the collection in In¬ ago the State of Pennsylvania made an dependence Hall, and his high apprecia¬ application to the Home'Secretary for per- tion of the value of it. The matter is mission to remove the body of William not yet sifted and selected and Dr. Cad¬ Penn to Philadelphia, but the trustees of the burial ground resisted this attempt suc¬ walader and Chief Eisenhower will meet cessfully. But, according to the Rev P W to look over the mass of papers and Phipps, who has written a history of Chal- choose those of special value. This is tont, it has been thought necessary for the way matters stand at present and some time past to watch the ground in or¬ Dr. Cadwalader does not wish to go into der to guard against any surreptitious at¬ details until the collection has been def¬ tempt to remove Penn's remains. Our cor¬ respondent confirms this, and says that un- initely arranged and accepted. til very lately, a watch has been kept at The documents include a number of the Jordans burial ground. papers and letters of Washington rnd Jordans is beautifully situated in a vallev others of the foremost men of the Ameri¬ about a mile beyond Chalfont St Giles can Revolution, and of statesmen who It was purchased as a burial place for tlie Society of Friends in 1(171 bv Thomas Ell- were prominent in the formative period wood In 1688 a meeting ho{ise was added. of the Republic, in addition to corre¬ spondence of members of the family, of mind1?nJS tt t15L plain and unpretentious building. It is, however, a favorite resort which General John Cadwalader was one for American tourists, who come to visit of the most eminent members, and which the tomb of the founder of the State of since Colonial days has always furnished Pennsylvania. Among- other Friends buried at„ Jordan6 are Isaac Pennington Thomas men distinguished in affairs to the Com¬ monwealth of Pennsylvania. Mary Ellis16 friend °f John Mliteu. and, The family has always held a proud i'se-J ^ -J J st S . J position in the community by talent, force and patriotism. The unpublished documents in this collection will round out materially the earlier annals of the nation, and will furnish valuable ma¬ From, terial for the specialist in historical studies. I - Jr S’ J Jsi j j rwVCV » u j Date ** -a,*.* a.a fl.X4.aj \ VALUABLE GIFT TO Date, (&..M ^ ' v * PHILADELPHIA’S First PEACE JUBILEE. Other Gala Days When the Nation Rejoiced and Made Merry at the Birthplace of Independence. It is singular to note that on an average of once in a generation since the beginning of the nation, the call to arms has sounded through the United States, and the temple of Janus has opened its brazen doors. Victories and peace have been many times hailed with rejoicing and spec¬ tacles and ceremonies, and Philadelphia has been as invariably to the fore in expressing the joys of her loyal population. In the first struggle of the Revolution, when this city was the capital of the infantile but lusty Republic, at the first dawning of peace with honor and victory with liberty there began a series of celebrations which continued un¬ til after the final treaty of peace with England had been ratified by Con¬ gress. v It was a programme of festivities on the installment plan—a gay and brilliant series of flashing out for more than a year. It was not one jubilee, such as the magnificent outburst which will mark the coming week, when SPb.iladelphia will once more celebrate the coming of peace, with a splendor of t/reparation and display, giving the event a national significance. However, the jubilation which hailed the ending of the Revolution surpassed the tribute of all other cities of the thirteen States, just as the ceremonies of this week will be the greatest demonstration in the other forty-four States over peace after the war with Spain. There are many interesting comparisons and differences between the first and latest peace celebrations. A century and more ago Philadelphia lay along the bank of the Delaware, and wealth and fashion was centered east of Sixth Street, beyond which lay green fields and groves, through which wandered paths to the country and suburbs to Market Street and west to the Schuylkill. For eight years war had been ever before the eyes of the people of the city, whose State House had been the cradle of Independence. The army of Wash¬ ington had marched through Chestnut Street, later the Grenadiers and Hessians of General Howe swept in for occupation, and later the good citizens cheered at the sight of their lobster-backs on Evacuation Day, and the old Continentals in their ragged regimentals tramped in again. So there had been a great deal of parading and there was not that eagerness to see the swinging columns of steel which we now esteem the most inspiring feature of our celebrations. Then, too, by the time that definite terms of peace were finally settled upon after the Revoltion, a Continental army was not available for display. Military display did not form a notable part of the celebrations. Just as the destruction of Cervera's fleet and the fall of Santiago brought into sight the end of the war with Spain, the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown presaged the end of the war with England, although nearly two years elapsed before the independence of the United Stales was finally settled authoritatively by the Treaty of Versailles. But preliminary articles divided this period by two, so that the loyal Phll- delphians had good grounds for prolonging festivities. The City of Brotherly Love came early and stayed late, so to speak. _ The town was famous for its brilliant entertainments and social splendors. 14:> r as was chronicled by observant foreigners who had begun even t to roam the country with note-books in hand, seeking what they mlght to go home and write books about us. ivour, and The most notable celebrations took the form of bonmioto _ . . rathe, than military eivle parades. DeJeZloL ot S entertainment, ■ rjsstssiisssr Of peace. significance and importance from the prospect and^owe^uf nXnt0anftrCUe “* the tide °f the stru^e. The old occasion could be more auspicioTfoT^hl^^ion'of'S^ a common cause than the -- - srt oeeSr “pi“ rz?zzrzsx- - **•—~~ iizr: Troops Ind fZ cnJ I " ^ WaS there received by the Continents, the event w Y rtlllery’ An autograph letter from Louis XVI, announcing pUed to bvT TSZ d ^ M- de LUZ6rne’ and after his address had been re a feu de ioie of °f Con®ress. J°hn Hanson, the Minister withdrew amid less £ t0*sLrS ^ 'T the tr°°PS- ^ the aftern°°n he dlned with <2- ings by Peale, was Z2 2 the f transParencies, with paint- days later, the President and «a„ House yard by order of Congress. Some ed the French Minister and ® Preme ^xecutive Council of the State entertain- gave a splendidfetein21272%^ ^ ^ °f ^ M’ de Luzerne' mansiom northwest corner of Sixth ^ °“ CarPeiUer “His ^xcelllncy invited deSCrlb6s this gorgeous entertainment:- neighboring States to attend^^Tthl^11 nfte °rC“From the saloon is a- passage into the dining hall, ninety feet long by forty This hall, as well as the saloon, was lighted by glass branches, the space between the tables, their situation, the number of avenues that facilitated the coming in and going out, infinitely increased the splendor of the sight, and the magnificence of the attendance. This whole building is covered on the out¬ side with a roof after the Italian mode, supported by pilasters, forming three potricoes at the two ends, and four on the sides opposite to the fireworks and the illumination. “A detachment of French troops mounted guard within the garden, and several companies of militia were posted in the different' gardens to prevent the excessive crowding of horses and carriages. No accident happened, al¬ though more than 15,000 persons were present. “The presence of his Excellency, the President, and all the members of Congress, of their Excellencies the Governors of Pennsylvania, Jersey and Dela¬ ware, and the principal military and civil officers of these States, gave as much solemnity to the entertainment as the dress and beauty of the ladies add¬ ed to its charms. Their Excellencies, General Washington and Ee Compte de Rochambeau, who had arrived in town the day before, increased the general satisfaction, and seemed to bring the laurels of Yorktown to the cradle of the Dauphin. “An Indian chief devoted to France and the United States had also arrived in Philadelphia to attend the entertainment. He was appareled and adorned in the fashion of his country, and did not fail to express, in the three languages— which he spoke well—the sincere part he and his countrymen take in the event that was then celebrated. “The entertainment began with a concert, succeeded by fireworks, of superior and unrivaled excellence, and a brilliant ball. At 1 in the morning supper was served up, and joy did not cease to sparkle in the eyes of everyone present.” Small imagination is needed to picture this as a scene of extraordinary bril¬ liance, thus raised from the dust by the worthy chronicler. ’Tis many a year since all those fresh young faces ceased to glow and those havoc-making young eyes cease to sparkle with the joy of being alive. There must have been great pleasure, too, among that crowd of 15,000 persons who watched, wonder- ingly, the fireworks and illuminations from the fields outside. The soldiers were there; there were wives and sweethearts, and, although their uniforms opai,. ntr,cnr__gr\/t wnm they jyiade a biave show t among the soberly-clad merchants and the young Quakers, with Ruth and Pa¬ tience in dove-colored bonnet and shawl. Our soldier heroes have lost all the fine plumage of the olden time, in the plain service blue of Uncle Sam’s regulars and volunteers. But the militia regiments and companies of the Revolution went off to bloody fields in new, gay attire, and they must have made a spectacular feature of these celebrations, even if they were not paraded under arms. Here, perhaps, in the cheering throng, was one of the Philadelphia in¬ fantry companies originally raised by General John Cadwalader. Could we ask for a more dashing trooper than this tanned young veteran, arrayed in a dark brown coat, faced with red, or yellow, according to his bat¬ talion; white waistcoat and breeches, white stockings, half-boots and black knee garters? His hat was very small, cocked rakishly, white, with a black ribbon, and crowned by a bucktail. On his cartouche box was “Liberty in large, white letters. On the other side hung his bayonet, and broad, white leather belts crossed back and chests, to support the tools of his trade. There, whispering to a girl in the shadow, is one of the irregular riflemen, a sharpshooter, in his hunting frock dyed the color of the dead leaves by u - ternut, coonskin cap, fringed buckskin leggins and tomahawk stuck in h s s ou leather belt. Swaggering away, arm in arm, to the coffee house, are two o Captain Persifor Frazer’s company, in brown coats with silk facings, cocked 1 hats and buckskin breeches. You may see also one of Colonel Humphrey’s men from the Eleventh Penn¬ sylvania, who looks like a bird of Paradise with his light infantry cap, lue coat, scarlet cape and cuffs, white waistcoat and stockings and buckskin l)r66CllGS Little did the gay_ throng which flocked to this brilliant entertainment im- m 147 oS™.t“fa «\«f ”f lr"'i "M ™uW b« * «•» >«»'«. Were in the revolt of the American co'b.n'ieslution whose source and inspiration aided. The k,„s and whl“ S”‘“ ™2.f,d Sff* **? *■“"*, “ soon to mount the scaffold nnd thm r? exalted that evening were fated much pomp in Philadelphia was destined toTfate^b WaS honored w,th 50 not been able to unravel. estined to a fate whose mystery history has FI celebrated" i^the'city^f^New^o^^'irT^hat6^0^ ^Th Y*' °CCaSi°nS had b6en many, who seems siLe th^t.lVV , , was the feast day of saint Tam- strange bed-fellows. But in the yearof6 our ^rd™!?^ ^ eStat®.and arnonS sEitTr*"and jt was killed by all account, a very merry day it ml.it haveilier! Sch“yU 1 — o' St-' Tammany,” wh. were appointed, who selected a head rW d MO! thlrteen s^herns or chiefs ink the hatchet in token SS the war S EnnlS^^Trem°ny 1 tory- washsmoLTStThSeaboTinof?h°en ^ ^ WhiCh th° calumet ^pjeof^ea^e -2 w,th thirteen KoUchambLyua J of S mark vouTto toJ tTn ^ ^ ^ had hard heads in those days, when the army and w bam™ent of artillery salutes and three cheers, which, to "the friends of hbTrtv Wf,® named’ swelled to thirteen.. At the toast ence ’’ thirteen more Irelan derrfaers from0TOm hthethegre greenPen aSeinto+d his cabin^ Samid“yety a °greatf the chietshouting. bore him on tbeir shoul- raisedeinCOth0erSm°nfrFranCe H°1Iand and the State of Pennsylvania had been the ctty in Indian fife The CWef and biS SaCbems marched into house,'^wt^rfS^^^hSst^^sperSiSter’ and Pr°Ceeded t0 «" and tb^d-Saime -yea[ thS Fourth of Ju]y was celebrated by the ringing of bells Britam Af he m th6i harb°r °f tb6 flags of a11 -atmns except that of Great morning, the L^UaifC°LLmDnCement the„Universi^ ^ Pennsylvania in the ®' „ aesree ot LL.D was conferred°l upon George Washington given by Pr^iden^Dickinso th^ th® afternoon an entertainment was knots and ribbons, and drawn by eight white horses A band nf' • Fa e<* WI^ them thirteen young girls dressed fn whfte a^H crotd of boys w^orch^ 14 was not until the 14th of January, 1784, that the dlTtr torches, with England was ratified by Congress The event wa« nrn , treaty of peace Phia on the 22d by the Sheriff at fhe court house The Stlte C *” PWlade'- I Market Street Wharf, and much gunpowder burned. In ant cipatfon of thf^r * I mality the Assembly decided to erect a triumphal arch in one ortho * 1 streets of the city, illuminated and bearing allegorical , h .principal The work was entrnsteJ ,„e pain,.?, CbartS W,’?o„ P,a”c ,Td".C“' per end .11.6 Street (now Market) Hen between Slath ana SeventS was T | lected as the location. The arch was fifty-six feet high and thirt e as ae" a notably imposing structure for those days, Ionic pillars were wreathed wfth flowers, and above the center arch was a picture of the Tenmk J ? " 3 h closed doors; on the balustrade a bust of Louis XVI and T centnt WUh memory of those who died for their country during the war on the r ? the lilies, the arms of France, the arms of Pennsylvania the shleM ^ ‘eZe’ three wheat and ship under sail; the thirteen stars and’ ioine^h^’,!1510™’ Sheaf of the concord of nations. ™irteen stars, and joined hands, symbolizing On panels was a figure representing confederated Amevieo i soldier surrounded by military trophies; Indians building churchesTn'Th derness; a library with instrumonfc; of the o^+ ^ • s urenes in the wil- ins branches laa.fw“ f, semble .bos, « a group of militiamen under arms in drill exercisi plow; and crowned with figures of tie four virtues, -Justice. Pru- m *■*& dence. Temperance and TcFortitude. The arch was to be lightedightc by 1200 lamps, but alas, for this masterpiece, it is almost too sad to tell,ill, afteraf all prepara¬ tions had been made and while thousands of spectators were impatiently awaiting the illumination, the painting took fire. The inflammable structure of wood, paint and canvas was burned to the ground in a wink. A pile of rock-, ets went off and hurtled through the crowd in every direction! creating terror! and panic. Sergeant O’Neill, of the artillery, was killed and several persons injured. I Subscriptions were soon obtained for rebuilding the arch, which was re-erectedj ed in front of the State House and new transparencies very successfully! shown on the 10th of May, or nearly three months after the catastrophe had_ spoiled the original programme. FEDERAL PROCESSION. The Big Demonstration That Took Place July 4» 1788, in the City of Philadelphia. At this gala season, the following description of another gala event when the infant re- public teas very much of an infant is interesting. It tells of the Grand Federal Procession of July 4, 1788. It is a copy of a description written before 1842. her bottom, painted canvas repI'e.*e,ntlIl® The grand Federal procession took the sea hung over and pealed the place at Philadelphia for the purpose of wheels of the carnage. Another vessel celebrating the adoption of the Constitu¬ followed her as a pilot and followed Dyj tion and it was appointed on Friday, a']18.tlA frame drawn by ,^°ur horses con¬ the 4th of July 1788, for the added pur¬ tained the frame of the Union s haige, pose of commemorating the Declaration and men at work at the same. The boa of Independence of the 4th of July lnt>, builders followed with a flat,. Although we have had several proces¬ 19 The sailmakers, bearing a silk sions since, none have ever equaled it, m on-which was painted the inside of a sail the pomp and expense of the materials •*20 The ship carpenters, their flag repre- engaged in the pageantry. The soldiery then were not so numer- S^Then’ f olMw^d5 shipfofners,S"ropemakers ous as in the late entry of Lafayette, ! merchants °and traders one carrymg a but the citizens were more numerous and ledger; cordwainers had a.JhlfP omw their attire more decorative. bv four horses and six men in it at wo . coach painters, cabinet and chairmake - It was computed that five thousan brickmakers, painters, draymen, clock walked in the procession, and that as and watchmakers, bricklayers, an^ele many as seven thousand were assem: carvers and gilders, these had.an « bled on the Union Green where the pro gant car, and men therein at wore cession ended in front of Bush Hil . coopers planemakers. whip and cane The whole expense was borne by the makers, these had a carrtage. and lad at work therein; blacksmiths had voluntary contributions of the trades¬ shop, drawn by nine horses and me men etc, enrolled in the display, and therein at work, making what was very remarkable, the whole out of old swords; coachmakers had . of the pageantry was got up in shop drawn by foir horses and men work therein; potters, a ’hop amd me ot work- hatters, wheelwrights, naa_ dThe parties to the procession all met stage° and men at work, tinplate work ' at and about the intersection of Cedar ersgglovers, tallow chandlery victuaie and Third Streets, and began their march with two fat oxen; printers, bookbinden by 9 o’clock in the morning. had a sta^'e and executed printing an Thev went up Third to Callowhill, up cast outTode among the people that street to Fourth, down Fourth to dispatched*^oy carrier0 mle^ns^whio High Street (Market), and thence ou issued from the Mercury cap, worn b that street, across thecommons, I 'the printer habited as Mercury. lawn, before Bush Hill, where they ar ’ Wmirteen trades then followed, the ; came lawyers, physiclans ciergy^ and rived in three hours. - f The length of the whole line was about 1 troop of dragoons concluded tne.- pr* one mile and -a half. On this lawn was cession._ constructed circular tables, leaving an area for its diameter of about five hun¬ dred feet The tables were covered with awnings and the.center was occupied by i 149 the "Grand Federal Edifice,’’ drawn by 16. Robinson’s company of light Infan¬ ten white horses, and the ship Union, try. drawn there also by ten white horses. 17. The Marine Society carrying a flag, trumpets, spy-glasses, etc. They pre¬ .There, an oration on the occasion was ceded the "Federal Ship Union.” This delivered by James Wilson, Esq., to up¬ elegant small ship -was a spectacle of ward of twenty thousand people, after great interest. She was perfect in every which the whole of the procession sat respect, and finely decorated With carv¬ down to the tables to dinner. ings, gildings, etc. Such a ship, com¬ The supplies were abundant! no wine pleted in less than four days, was a very surprising circumstance. She was thirty- or ardent spirits were present, but por¬ three feet in length. This ship was ter, beer and cider flowed for all who commanded by Captain John Green and would receive them, and of these liquors had a crew of twenty-five men and of¬ the casks lined all the inner circles of ficers. They flung the lead and cried the tables. the soundings and trimmed the sails to the wind as they changed their courses. They drunk ten toasts in honor of the She was drawn by ten horses, and under ten confederated States. As the cannon Announced these they were responded to from the ship Rising Sun, laying in the Delaware, off High Street, decorated with numerous flags. The same ship at night was highly illuminated. SALE OF AMERICANA This great company withdrew to their homes by 6 o’clock in the evening, all sober, but all joyful. Order of the Grand Federal Procession. Rare Old Volumes Disposed 1. Twelve ax men in white frocks preceded as pioneers. Of to the Highest 2. Captain Miles’ company of dragoons. 3. John Nixon, Esq., on horseback, Bidders bearing a liberty cap and under it a flag with the words thereon, “4th of July, 1776.” 4. A train of artillery, Claypoole’s corps of infantry, Bingham’s dragoons. FAMOUS AITKEN BIBLE 5. Several single gentlemen on horse¬ back bore silk flags, highly ornamented; one had the words thereon, "New Era,” another “17th of September, 1787,” that being the day the convention adopted The First Ever Printed in English in the Constitution. 6. A car called the “Constitution,” in America Brought $215—Other the form of a large eagle, drawn by six white horses, in which were Judges Noted Books McKean, Atlee and Rush, in their robes of office. McKean bore a splendid flag. 7. Heysham’s infantry. Ten gentlemen, each bore a silk flag bearing the name For a brief space of time during the of each State. past week one’s thoughts have been irre¬ 8. All the Consuls of foreign States sistibly carried back 100 years by the sale in a car drawn by four horses, and each of the very remarkable Edwards library bearing his nation's flag. 9. A carriage bearing P. Baynton, of old and rare books, which took place Esq., and Colonel 1. Melchor, the latter on Wednesday and Thursday. Nearly magnificently habited as an Indian every one of these books, pamphlets, Bi¬ Sachem and both smoking the calumet bles, prayer books and hymnals has a of peace. 10. Montgomery and Bucks County history, written, so to speak, in its own dragoons. indelible marking ink. Some, as, for in¬ 11. The “Grand Federal Edifice” was stance, that curious old “Abridgement of a most splendid spectacle. It was a the Book of Common Prayer,” which is dome sustained by thirteen columns, but three of these columns were pur¬ almost assuredly the very; copy which posely left unfinished. The name of each Benjamin Franklin used with the inten¬ State appeared on the pedestal. A cupola tion of having it adopted in the United rose above the dome, on which was a States, have their mystery as well as their figure of plenty. The carriage and edi¬ history. This very book cannot be au¬ fice were thirty-six feet high. The words thenticated, although every bibliophile “In union the fabric stands firm,” were knows in his inmost heart that it is gen¬ very conspicuous around the pedestal of the edifice. Ten white horses drew this uine. Yet because there is no actual proof elegant pageant. of this the little volume, with its well- 12. Architects and house carpenters. kept and now impenetrable secret, was 13. The Cincinnati and militia officers, 11 sold for $35. Why, the known history, followed by Rose’s company of infantry. the list of hands through whom it is 14. The Agricultural Society bearing a known to have_ passed, the veritable ac¬ flag, followed by farmers. These had J two ploughs; one drawn by four oxen count of the eiforts made to discover its was directed by Richard Willing, Esq. full history, these alone are worth that i A sower followed, sowing seed. amount of money! 15. The Manufacturing Society, with But what books there were! Two, at their spinning and carding machines, looms, jennies, etc., bearing a flag. The carriage which bore these was thirty feet long and was drawn by ten bay horses. On this carriage weavers were at work, and Mr. Hewson was printing muslin. The weavers marched behind this and bore a flag. 150 • 1 the President oi t7ie 'uniteu otares, ex¬ son, Cooper, Gray, Croidsmitfi, the Arabr pressive of the author’s respect for the ian Nights Entertainments and many President's character and o ffice.” The other works of equal importance. There reverend author gave of his best, and were numerous examples of the earliest Washington preserved it. And, after printing in the country. Why this library passing through goodness knows how ought, one would say, never to have been many Lands, it was sold on Wednesday broken. It was in itself a history of again. American printing, such as can hardly be FROM FAMOUS LIBRARIES. hoped to be accumulated again. There were publications of Robert Bell, Robert Books that have lodged' in the libraries Aitken, Joseph Crukshank, Christopher of kings, and that have, perhaps, been Sauer, and many issues from the early wept over by princes, formed part of the presses of Carlisle and Lancaster, Penn¬ rare collection. Here was King Charles sylvania; of Burlington, New Jersey; of the First’s "own copy of a “Life of Christ” Wilmington, Delaware; of New York and The martyred monarch may have read nearly every one of the thirteen States. that while waiting to be beheaded. Here It would have been an education in the also was the “Missal and Breviary of the history of the country merely to enumer¬ French Monarch Louis XV” and a prayer ate the six or seven hundred volumes and- maker’s “Enchiridion,” which belonged to I collections of pamphlets dealing with William Penn. Have not these books his¬ i American life, politics and geography. It tories that, were they told in simplest is impossible in the space of a short arti¬ prose, should give them an absolutely cle to enumerate them. What eager, lov¬ priceless value? Could they but tell all ing care must have been expended in their they have seen and heard what disclosures accumulation? And now they are sepa¬ these little volumes would make! rated and dispersed for ever. One may But these were only a few of the least feel thankful that many of them have rare of a collection which in every re¬ gone into such hands as the Historical So¬ spect was unique. There were Bibles ciety of Pennsylvania, the Philadelphia which cannot be reproduced. The Bas- Library, the Library Congress, but, alas, kerville copy, which is said to have been a considerable number have gone to libra¬ printed from silver type, so exquisitely ries and far off States like Maine and beautiful is the presswork. It is also one I Massachusetts, while many will have to of those Bibles that contain a discovered | be sought for on the stalls of the old book error. What proofreaders they must have dealers lying cheek by jowl with the cast' had, when in a huge volume like a Bible offs and the broken of many another once cherished library. only one error was allowed to - pass! There was the Bible which was used by The farewell to one’s books is ever the saddest of good-byes, and the parting with George Whitefie d, the founder of the this superbly grand collection of old, Calvanist Metho lists, and there were thumb-worn, tear-stained, margin-marked three copies of tl e celebrated “Breeches” Bible, in which oc mrs the remarkable pas¬ pocket-begrubbed, heart loved servants! and friends must have cost many a pang sage, “And they sewed figge tree leaves to their collector. And who shall write together and_majle themselves breeches.” the history of the parting? Then there was a copy of the first Bible printed in an European language in Amer¬ ica. It is in the German language from Martin Luther’s translation, and was printed and published in 1743 by Christo¬ pher Sauer at Germantown, and was bound by Dreiner, one of the first book¬ binders there. This is the identical cony that was exhibited at the Centennial Ex¬ position in Philadelphia in 1876. Then came the first edition of the Dorrav Bible, printed in America. It is from the press of Carey, Stewart & Co., of Philadelphia, and is dated 1790. Through whose hands have those books passed? Whose eyes have searched their scriptures? THE AITKEN BIBLE. The copy of the Aitken Bible may have been a poor one, but it was a copy of the first Bible ever printed in the English language in this country. Not the history of this actual copy, but of the circum¬ stances under which Robert Aitken, at his own private expense, undertook to supply the people of his country with the Holy Scriptures during a period of war and strife, their history would fill a vol¬ ume almost as large as the book itself. The very paper on which the book is printed was manufactured in Pennsylva¬ nia, the whole volume is therefore purely American, and stands a monument for¬ ever to the Truth on which these United States are founded. Well, somebody gave I $215 for itl! But them were also among this inesti¬ mable collection first American editions of Shakespeare, Milton, Sterne, Thomp- ...—, .«■■.r;M• ... .• ... . .■. • \* *• • • ' •• . ■ • y' ’ \t * • . • • *** * ..tl • * 1 ,•*' .. fl ' . . .‘.V