British Coins
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The Gold Coins of England, Arranged and Described
THE GOLD COINS OF ENGLAND. FMOTTIS PIECE. Edward die Coiiiessor. 16 TT^mund, Abp.of Yo Offa . King of Mercia ?.$.&&>. THE GOLD COINS OF ENGLAND AERANGED AND DESCRIBED BEING A SEQUEL TO MR. HAWKINS' SILVER COINS OF ENGLAND, BY HIS GRANDSON KOBEET LLOYD KENYON See p. 15. Principally from the collection in tlie British Museum, and also from coins and information communicated by J. Evans, Esq., President of the Numismatic. Society, and others. LONDON: BERNARD QUARITCH, 15 PICCADILLY MDCCCLXXXIV. : LONDON KV1AN AND <ON, PRINTERS, HART STREET. COVENT r,ARI>E\. 5 rubies, having a cross in the centre, and evidently intended to symbolize the Trinity. The workmanship is pronounced by Mr. Akerman to be doubtless anterior to the 8th century. Three of the coins are blanks, which seems to prove that the whole belonged to a moneyer. Nine are imitations of coins of Licinius, and one of Leo, Emperors of the East, 308 to 324, and 451 to 474, respectively. Five bear the names of French cities, Mettis, Marsallo, Parisius. Thirty- nine are of the seven types described in these pages. The remaining forty-three are of twenty-two different types, and all are in weight and general appearance similar to Merovingian ti-ientes. The average weight is 19*9 grains, and very few individual coins differ much from this. With respect to Abbo, whose name appears on this coin, the Vicomte de Ponton d'Ainecourt, who has paid great attention to the Merovingian series, has shown in the " Annuaire de la Societe Francaise de Numismatique " for 1873, that Abbo was a moneyer at Chalon-sur-Saone, pro- bably under Gontran, King of Burgundy, a.d. -
Thursday, Dec. 1950
Second Day's Sale: THURSDAY, DEC. 1950 at 1 p.m. precisely LOT COMMONWEALTH (1649.60). 243 N Unite 1649, usual type with m.m. sun. Weakly struck in parts, otherwise extremely fine and a rare date. 244 A{ Crown 1652, usual type. The obverse extremely fine, the rev. nearly so. 245 IR -- Another, 1656 over 4. Nearly extremely fine. 246 iR -- Another, 1656, in good slate, and Halfcrown same date, Shilling similar, Sixpence 1652, Twopence and Penny. JtI ostly fine. 6 CROMWELL. 247* N Broad 1656, usual type. Brilliant, practically mint state, very rare. 1 248 iR Crown, 1658, usual type, with flaw visible below neck. Extremely fine and rare. 249 A{ Halfcrown 1658, similar. Extremely fine. CHARLES II (1660-85). 250* N Hammered Unite, 2nd issue, obu. without inner circle, with mark of value, extremely fine and rare,' and IR Hammer- ed Sixpence, 3rd issue, Threepence and Penny similar, some fine. 4 LOT '::;1 N Guinea 1676, rounded truncation. Very fine. ~'i2 JR Crowns 1662, rose, edge undated, very fine; and no rose, edge undated, fine. 3 _'i3 .-R -- Others, 1663, fine; and 1664, nearly very fine. 2 :?5-1 iR. -- Another, 1666 with elephant beneath bust. Very fine tor this rare variety. 1 JR -- Others, 1671 and 1676. Both better than fine. 2 ~56 JR -- Others of 1679, with small and large busts. Both very fine. 2 _57 /R -- Electrotype copy of the extremely rare Petition Crown by Simon. JR Scottish Crown or Dollar, 1682, 2nd Coinage, F below bust on obverse. A very rare date and in unttsually fine con- dition. -
Guide to the Collection of Irish Antiquities
NATIONAL MUSEUM OF SCIENCE AND ART, DUBLIN. GUIDE TO THE COLLECTION OF IRISH ANTIQUITIES. (ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY COLLECTION). ANGLO IRISH COINS. BY G COFFEY, B.A.X., M.R.I.A. " dtm; i, in : printed for his majesty's stationery office By CAHILL & CO., LTD., 40 Lower Ormond Quay. 1911 Price One Shilling. cj 35X5*. I CATALOGUE OF \ IRISH COINS In the Collection of the Royal Irish Academy. (National Museum, Dublin.) PART II. ANGLO-IRISH. JOHN DE CURCY.—Farthings struck by John De Curcy (Earl of Ulster, 1181) at Downpatrick and Carrickfergus. (See Dr. A. Smith's paper in the Numismatic Chronicle, N.S., Vol. III., p. 149). £ OBVERSE. REVERSE. 17. Staff between JiCRAGF, with mark of R and I. abbreviation. In inner circle a double cross pommee, with pellet in centre. Smith No. 10. 18. (Duplicate). Do. 19. Smith No. 11. 20. Smith No. 12. 21. (Duplicate). Type with name Goan D'Qurci on reverse. Obverse—PATRIC or PATRICII, a small cross before and at end of word. In inner circle a cross without staff. Reverse—GOAN D QVRCI. In inner circle a short double cross. (Legend collected from several coins). 1. ^PIT .... GOANDQU . (Irish or Saxon T.) Smith No. 13. 2. ^PATRIC . „ J<. ANDQURCI. Smith No. 14. 3. ^PATRIGV^ QURCI. Smith No. 15. 4. ^PA . IOJ< ^GOA . URCI. Smith No. 16. 5. Duplicate (?) of S. No. 6. ,, (broken). 7. Similar in type of ob- Legend unintelligible. In single verse. Legend unin- inner circle a cross ; telligible. resembles the type of the mascle farthings of John. Weight 2.7 grains ; probably a forgery of the time. -
A Short History of Coins and Currency in Two Parts
P R E F A C E T HI S little b ook is founded on an I nt roduc tory A ddres s w hic h I had the hon ou r of delivering s e om e years ago , as fi rst P r s ident of the I nstitute B s o of anker . I t was , however , alm st rewritten last year as a Lectu r e delivered at the London I nstitution . M r Magnus has done me the honou r of sug ges ti ng that it should be i ncluded as one of the i n Hom e a n d Sei wal L ib rar volu mes the y , which n M r M he is ed iti g for urray,“ 2 3 ' i ” The a1 t i i s ) c w T I t d s w second p f . eal ith the w eights of coins ; the adopted ; the means taken from t i me s ecure a satis n d I f e to factory currency ; a , r gret add , those - also perhaps even more numerous — m b y which Kings and Parliaments have attempted to secu re a temporary and dishonou rable advantage , by debasing the standard and reducing the weight of the coins . I n this respect we may f airly clai m that ou r own Sovereigns and Parl iament are able to show V i PRE F A CE (w ith a few exceptio n s) an u n usually honourable c re ord . I n spite of all that has been written on the ' s u b ec t th e u j , principles on which our c rrency is based are very l ittle understood . -
The Milled Coinage of Elizabeth I
THE MILLED COINAGE OF ELIZABETH I D. G. BORDEN AND I. D. BROWN Introduction THIS paper describes a detailed study of the coins produced by Eloy Mestrelle's mill at the Tower of London between 1560 and 1571. We have used the information obtained from an examination of the coins to fill out the story of Eloy and his machinery that is given by the surviving documents. There have been a number of previous studies of this coinage. Peter Sanders was one of the first to provide a listing of the silver coins1 and more recently one of us (DGB) has published photographs of the principal types.2 The meagre documentary evidence relating to this coinage has been chronicled by Ruding,3 Symonds,4 Craig,5 Goldman6 and most recently by Challis.7 Hocking8 and Challis have given accounts of what little it known of the machinery used. This study first summarises the history of Mestrelle and his mill as found in the documents and then describes our die analysis based on an examination of enlarged photographs of 637 coins. We combine these two to propose a classification for the coinage in Appendix 2. Mestrelle and the Milled Coinage of Elizabeth I Queen Elizabeth I succeeded her sister Mary I as queen of England and Ireland in November 1558. On 31 December 1558 she signed a commission to Sir Edmund Peckham as high treasurer of the mint to produce gold and silver coins of the same denominations and standards as those of her sister, differing only in having her portrait and titles.9 The coins struck over the next eighteen months mostly never saw circulation because the large amount of base silver coin in circulation drove all the good coin into private savings or, worse, into the melting pot. -
Twenty Years After the Iron Curtain: the Czech Republic in Transition Zdeněk Janík March 25, 2010
Twenty Years after the Iron Curtain: The Czech Republic in Transition Zdeněk Janík March 25, 2010 Assistant Professor at Masaryk University in the Czech Republic n November of last year, the Czech Republic commemorated the fall of the communist regime in I Czechoslovakia, which occurred twenty years prior.1 The twentieth anniversary invites thoughts, many times troubling, on how far the Czechs have advanced on their path from a totalitarian regime to a pluralistic democracy. This lecture summarizes and evaluates the process of democratization of the Czech Republic’s political institutions, its transition from a centrally planned economy to a free market economy, and the transformation of its civil society. Although the political and economic transitions have been largely accomplished, democratization of Czech civil society is a road yet to be successfully traveled. This lecture primarily focuses on why this transformation from a closed to a truly open and autonomous civil society unburdened with the communist past has failed, been incomplete, or faced numerous roadblocks. HISTORY The Czech Republic was formerly the Czechoslovak Republic. It was established in 1918 thanks to U.S. President Woodrow Wilson and his strong advocacy for the self-determination of new nations coming out of the Austro-Hungarian Empire after the World War I. Although Czechoslovakia was based on the concept of Czech nationhood, the new nation-state of fifteen-million people was actually multi- ethnic, consisting of people from the Czech lands (Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia), Slovakia, Subcarpathian Ruthenia (today’s Ukraine), and approximately three million ethnic Germans. Since especially the Sudeten Germans did not join Czechoslovakia by means of self-determination, the nation- state endorsed the policy of cultural pluralism, granting recognition to the various ethnicities present on its soil. -
Crown Agents Bank's Currency Capabilities
Crown Agents Bank’s Currency Capabilities August 2020 Country Currency Code Foreign Exchange RTGS ACH Mobile Payments E/M/F Majors Australia Australian Dollar AUD ✓ ✓ - - M Canada Canadian Dollar CAD ✓ ✓ - - M Denmark Danish Krone DKK ✓ ✓ - - M Europe European Euro EUR ✓ ✓ - - M Japan Japanese Yen JPY ✓ ✓ - - M New Zealand New Zealand Dollar NZD ✓ ✓ - - M Norway Norwegian Krone NOK ✓ ✓ - - M Singapore Singapore Dollar SGD ✓ ✓ - - E Sweden Swedish Krona SEK ✓ ✓ - - M Switzerland Swiss Franc CHF ✓ ✓ - - M United Kingdom British Pound GBP ✓ ✓ - - M United States United States Dollar USD ✓ ✓ - - M Africa Angola Angolan Kwanza AOA ✓* - - - F Benin West African Franc XOF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Botswana Botswana Pula BWP ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Burkina Faso West African Franc XOF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Cameroon Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F C.A.R. Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Chad Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Cote D’Ivoire West African Franc XOF ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ F DR Congo Congolese Franc CDF ✓ - - ✓ F Congo (Republic) Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Egypt Egyptian Pound EGP ✓ ✓ - - F Equatorial Guinea Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Eswatini Swazi Lilangeni SZL ✓ ✓ - - F Ethiopia Ethiopian Birr ETB ✓ ✓ N/A - F 1 Country Currency Code Foreign Exchange RTGS ACH Mobile Payments E/M/F Africa Gabon Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Gambia Gambian Dalasi GMD ✓ - - - F Ghana Ghanaian Cedi GHS ✓ ✓ - ✓ F Guinea Guinean Franc GNF ✓ - ✓ - F Guinea-Bissau West African Franc XOF ✓ ✓ - - F Kenya Kenyan Shilling KES ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ F Lesotho Lesotho Loti LSL ✓ ✓ - - E Liberia Liberian -
Notes on the Gold Coinage of Elizabeth I
NOTES ON THE GOLD COINAGE OF ELIZABETH I I. D. BROWN and C. H. COMBER I. Introduction THE gold coinage of Elizabeth I is a much neglected series. The account given by Kenyon in 1884 even with Montagu's additions of 1895 is incomplete and contains confusing errors.1 More recent listings in the standard works of Brooke, North, and Seaby are more accurate but rather brief.2 The latter two further suffer from inappropriate attempts to divide the series into different issues. Whitton gave the most accurate and well referenced check list of the known coins.3 The milled gold coins have been described by Borden and Brown.4 Only Kenyon and Brooke attempted to set the coinage in the context of the documented history of the mint which has been the subject of works by Ruding, Symonds, Craig, and Challis.5 In view of the increase in our understanding of the workings of the Elizabethan mint in recent years a review of this coinage is overdue. II. Numismatic History The coinage has been divided into three issues in accordance with the scheme proposed by one of us in an earlier article.6 First (Tentative) Issue (1558-1572) On 31 December 1558 Elizabeth I issued a commission to Sir Edmund Peckham authorising him to strike sovereigns (30/-), angels (10/-) and half-angels in fine gold (995 fine) and pounds (20/-), half-pounds, crowns (5/-) and half-crowns in crown gold (917 fine). Mary had struck only fine gold. Crown gold, which was a product of Henry VIII's debasement, had last been issued by Edward VI. -
Gold, Silver and the Double-Florin
GOLD, SILVER AND THE DOUBLE-FLORIN G.P. DYER 'THERE can be no more perplexing coin than the 4s. piece . .'. It is difficult, perhaps, not to feel sympathy for the disgruntled Member of Parliament who in July 1891 expressed his unhappiness with the double-florin.1 Not only had it been an unprecedented addition to the range of silver currency when it made its appearance among the Jubilee coins in the summer of 1887, but its introduction had also coincided with the revival after an interval of some forty years of the historic crown piece. With the two coins being inconveniently close in size, weight and value (Figure 1), confusion and collision were inevitable and cries of disbelief greeted the Chancellor of the Exchequer, George Goschen, when he claimed in the House of Commons that 'there can hardly be said to be any similarity between the double florin and the crown'.2 Complaints were widespread and minting of the double-florin ceased in August 1890 after scarcely more than three years. Its fate was effectively sealed shortly afterwards when an official committee on the design of coins, appointed by Goschen, agreed at its first meeting in February 1891 that it was undesirable to retain in circulation two large coins so nearly similar in size and value and decided unanimously to recommend the withdrawal of the double- florin.3 Its demise passed without regret, The Daily Telegraph recalling a year or two later that it had been universally disliked, blessing neither him who gave nor him who took.4 As for the Fig. -
2007 Annual Financial Report PDF 1 MB
MACQUARIE BANK MACQUARIE 2007 FINANCIAL 2007 REPORT FINANCIAL MACQUARIE BANK 2007 FINANCIAL REPORT www.macquarie.com.au MACQUARIE BANK LIMITED ACN 008 583 542 The Macquarie Bank Group’s 2007 If you would like a copy of the annual report consists of two 2007 Annual Review please call documents – the 2007 Annual Review us on +61 2 8232 5006 or visit (incorporating the Concise Report) www.macquarie.com.au/ and the 2007 Financial Report. The shareholdercentre. Annual Review provides an overview of the Group’s operations and a summary of the financial statements. This Financial Report contains the Bank’s risk management report and statutory financial statements. Cover: Thames Water 2007 Annual General Meeting The Holey Dollar Thames Water is the largest water Macquarie Bank’s 2007 Annual In 1813 Governor Lachlan Macquarie and wastewater services company in General Meeting will be held at overcame an acute currency the United Kingdom, serving eight 10.30am on Thursday, 19 July 2007 shortage by purchasing Spanish million water and 13 million wastewater at the Westin Sydney, in the Grand silver dollars (then worth five shillings), customers across London and the Ballroom, Lower Level, No.1 Martin punching the centres out and Thames Valley. The history of Thames Place, Sydney. creating two new coins – the ‘Holey Water dates back to the early 1600s Details of the business of the meeting Dollar’ (valued at five shillings) and when the privately funded New River, will be contained in the separate the ‘Dump’ (valued at one shilling a 40-mile channel, was built to create Notice of Annual General Meeting to and three pence). -
A Group of Coins Struck in Roman Britain
A group of coins struck in Roman Britain 1001 Antoninus Pius (AD.138-161), Æ as, believed to be struck at a British travelling mint, laur. bust r., rev. BRITANNIA COS III S C, Britannia seated on rock in an attitude of sadness, wt. 12.68gms. (Sp. COE no 646; RIC.934), patinated, almost extremely fine, an exceptional example of this very poor issue £800-1000 This was struck to commemorate the quashing of a northern uprising in AD.154-5 when the Antonine wall was evacuated after its construction. This issue, always poorly struck and on a small flan, is believed to have been struck with the legions. 1002 Carausius, usurper in Britain (AD.287-296), Æ antoninianus, C mint, IMP C CARAVSIVS PF AVG, radiate dr. bust r., rev. VIRTVS AVG, Mars stg. l. with reversed spear and shield, S in field,in ex. C, wt. 4.63gms. (RIC.-), well struck with some original silvering, dark patina, extremely fine, an exceptional example, probably unique £600-800 An unpublished reverse variety depicting Mars with these attributes and position. Recorded at the British Museum. 1003 Carausius, usurper in Britain (AD.287-296), Æ antoninianus, London mint, VIRTVS CARAVSI AVG, radiate and cuir. bust l., holding shield and spear, rev. PAX AVG, Pax stg. l., FO in field, in ex. ML, wt. 4.14gms. (RIC.116), dark patina, well struck with a superb military-style bust, extremely fine and very rare thus, an exceptional example £1200-1500 1004 Diocletian, struck by Carausius, usurper in Britain (AD.287-296), Æ antoninianus, C mint, IMP C DIOCLETIANVS AVG, radiate cuir. -
1 Costs and Benefits of Monetary Disintegration: the Czech-Slovak
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Research Papers in Economics Costs and Benefits of Monetary Disintegration: The Czech-Slovak Case Katerina Šmídková *) 1. Introduction After The Velvet Revolution in 1989, Czechoslovakia has proved that “A Velvet divorce” is also possible. At the end of 1992, the process of political disintegration resulted in the split of the Czechoslovak Republic, and the Czech and Slovak Republics then started their co-existence of two independent interdependent republics. The political dissolution followed by the disintegration of the two national economies highlighted the problem of designing the process of monetary disintegration as one of the key issues in defining the new Czech-Slovak relationship. It was very difficult to decide what should weigh more - whether the interdependence of two republics built in the period of seventy years of a common state or the newly gained political independence. On the one hand, the sudden monetary disintegration was expected to be costly for two highly interdependent economies since it would have replaced the common currency by two inconvertible currencies with similar consequences to those of the CMEA collapse. On the other hand, maintaining of a currency *) Kateøina Šmídková, M.Sc., Head of the Macro-modelling Unit, Institute of Economics, Czech National Bank. The views expressed in the paper are those of the author, and do not necessarily represent those of the Czech National Bank. 1 union in the longer-term would have required very close economic as well as political coordination that did not appear to be realistic for a “just divorced couple”.