NOTES AND DESCRIPTIONS OF SOME NEOTROPICAL MUSCIDAE (DIPTERA)
NOTES AND DESCRIPTIONS OF SOME NEOTROPICAL MUSCIDAE (DIPTERA)
FRED M. SNYDER
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOLUME 113 : ARTICLE 6 NEW YORK: 1957 BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Volume 113, article 6, pages 437-490
Issued November 25, 1957
Price: $1.00 a copy INTRODUCTION
DESCRIPTIONS OF 41 NEWSPECIES of the family ad, anterodorsal Muscidae present in a rich collection belong- av, anteroventral ing to the Fundacion Miguel Lillo, and sub- pd, posterodorsal Prof. Dr. Martin pv, posteroventral mitted for identification by Bristles on, or portions of, thorax L. Aczel, are given in the present paper. ac, acrostical Three species not present in the collection dc, dorsocentral have been described because they are closely ia, postsutural intra-alar allied, and notes and the synonymy of a few pra, anterior postsutural prealar bristle others are included in order to show relation- st, sternopleural ships. ntpl, notopleural Malloch's (1934)1 extensive paper on the presut, presutural muscid fauna of Patagonia and South Chile postsut, postsutural contains keys to subfamilies, genera, and The width of the third antennal segment is species; it and Stein's (1911) large contribu- the greatest distance in a straight line from tion to the knowledge of western South anterior to posterior margins when the an- American Muscidae cover a large proportion tennae hang downward as in preserved spec- of described species. Malloch's subfamily and imens, or from dorsal to ventral margins generic concepts have been followed, unless when extended as in life; it is not the thick- otherwise noted in the following pages. ness from left to right surfaces. In the descriptions of the position of bris- The hypopleura can be divided into several tles on the legs, these appendages are as- areas. The term "beret" refers to that portion sumed to be octagonal in cross section and anterior to the fore corner of the metathoracic extended in a straight line at right angles to spiracle, and "preepisternum III," to the the longitudinal axis of the body. subtriangular portion adjacent to the base of The following commonly accepted abbrevi- hind coxae. These have been treated in more ations are used: detail elsewhere (Snyder, 1954, pp. 2-3). Fl, F2, F3, fore, mid, and hind femora, respec- Holotypes and paratypes are deposited in tively. TI, T2, T3, fore, mid, and hind tibiae, respec- the entomological collection of the Fundacion tively. Miguel Lillo unless otherwise noted in the Leg surfaces paragraphs on type material. When material a, anterior permitted, duplicate paratypes were retained d, dorsal in the American Museum of Natural History p, posterior and the author's collection. v, ventral Grateful acknowledgment is made to Prof. 1 Dates in parentheses refer to papers in the literature Dr. Martin L. Aczel and the authorities of the cited at the end of this paper or to references in synony- Fundacion Miguel Lillo for the opportunity mies. to study this material.
441 SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNTS SUBFAMILY ANTHOMYIINAE rior margin upwardly curved; with one or GENUS EMMESOMYIA MALLOCH two very short setulae on facial ridges just Emmesomyia MALLOCH, 1917, Bull. Brooklyn above vibrissae. First and second antennal Ent. Soc., vol. 12, p. 13; 1918, Proc. Biol. Soc. segments dark brownish red; third brown. Washington, vol. 31, p. 68. HUCKETT, 1924, Cor- Antennae inserted opposite dorsal 0.45 of nell Agr. Exp. Sta. Mem., no. 77, pp. 7, 10. VAN eyes and ending slightly below their lower EMDEN, 1941, Bull. Ent. Res., vol. 32, p. 258. margin; third segment four times as long as Pegomyia (Emmesomyia) RINGDAHL, 1938, Ent. second or about three times as long as broad. Tidsk., vol. 59, p. 197. Longest hairs on arista not longer than its Emmesomyia, as here treated, differs from greatest diameter. Palpi slender, yellow api- other Neotropical Anthomyiinae in having a cally and blending to brown basally. strong bristle on the pteropleura near the Thorax black, overlain with sparse grayish base of the calyptrae. The presence of three pruinescence which blends into brown; with a ad and two pd bristles on T3 of both sexes and broad brownish vitta in the posthumeral to the absence of a complete or partial row of ia planes, and a narrower and less distinct short p to pv bristles or setulae on T3 of the median vitta. Scutellum dark, with a grayish male indicate close relationship of Emme- pruinescent area on each side in the plane of somyia with Pegomya Robineau-Desvoidy. basal to apical bristles, but overlain with The following key separates males of the brown at base. With one or two pairs of presut two species herein described from their clos- ac bristles which are closer to the dc row est Neotropical relatives: than to each other, and with several irregular 1. Parafrontals contiguous at narrowest part of rows of ac setulae between the ac bristles; front; the eyes at this level separated by with a pair of prescutellar ac bristles; dc 2:3; not more than diameter of anterior ocel- ia 2; pra about 0.5 as long as posterior ntpl lus. 2 bristle; the latter shorter than the anterior Parafrontals not contiguous, the eyes at nar- one and without setulae adjacent to either rowest part of front separated by at least the ntpl; posthumeral bristle very weakly dupli- distance across posterior ocellus inclusive . cated, the lateral one about 0.33 as long as the ...... spadibasis, new species pra; scutellum with a longitudinal row of 2. Posthumeral bristles not even weakly dupli- longish setulae in middle of the declivities; cated; palpi fuscous . argentina, new species Posthumeral bristle weakly duplicated; palpi the apical scutellar setulae longer and strong- yellow. . . . flavipalpis (van der er than the pale ventral hairs. Pteropleura Wulp)1 with a single bristle below calyptrae; st 1:2, Emesomyia spadibasis, new species but some of the setulae below the anterior, MALE: Length, 4.5 to 5.5 mm. Head black, and the posterior ventral setula somewhat grayish pruinescent, the frontal vitta and longer than the adjacent clothing setulae. posterior portion of parafrontals brownish. Coxae and trochanters fulvous, but some- Narrowest part of front as wide as distance times with light brownish areas; a limited across posterior ocelli inclusive; the para- basal area of F2 and an extensive basal area frontals separated by about the diameter of of F3 and Ti yellow; T2 and T3, Fl and anterior ocellus. The three to four pairs of an- apical portions of F2 and F3 brownish, the terior parafrontal bristles do not extend pos- tibiae somewhat lighter. Ti with a median p. teriorly to the narrowest part of front; the F2 with two to five v bristles on basal 0.33, a longest subequal to the anterior ocellar bris- very weak preapical a to ad, and three to four tles. In profile, juncture of parafacials and strong, preapical, pd to p bristles. T2 with parafrontals 0.5 as long as width of the broad three pd to p bristles. F3 with five to eight third antennal segment; the parafacials al- widely separated av bristles along its entire most obscured below. Cheeks 0.7 as high as length; a single submedian v to pv bristle and width of third antennal segment; one or two sometimes a shorter basal one. T3 with two of the strong bristles along their lower ante- pd, three ad, and one to two av bristles. Wings faintly brownish yellow tinged; Van der Wulp (1896, p. 334). veins brown. Costal thorns and setulae very 442 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 443 short; other veins bare. Posterior cross vein diameter of anterior ocellus. Antennae black, slightly curved at middle. Calyptrae rela- the second segment with limited reddish tively large, the lower one protruding poste- brown areas on inner apical region. Third seg- riorly well beyond the apex of the upper one; ment 2.2 times as long as second and 2.2 whitish, the membrane of the lower one be- times as long as wide. Longest aristal hairs coming somewhat darker apically and in this 0.4 as long as width of third antennal seg- area concolorous with wings. Halteres yellow. ment. Palpi fuscous. Abdomen fulvous, densely grayish pruines- Thorax black, with an indistinct black, cent; the third and fourth tergites frequently transverse, postsut band which reaches with irregular dark streaks; all with a nar- posteriorly midway between second and row, transverse, grayish band apically ad- third postsutural dc bristles and is overlain jacent to the intersegmental membrane; and with dense, brownish pruinescence which is a fainter median vitta. Hypopygium sub- interrupted in dc and ia planes; anteriorly the shiny, fulvous. Basal sternite setulose; fourth band is joined by two dark vittae in the dc with a pair of long, strong, discal, and nu- planes; remainder of presutural portion with merous shorter apical, bristles; fifth with a dense grayish pruinescence; the prescutellar deep, U-shaped incision; outer margins of the area yellowish gray pruinescent. Thorax in- narrow processes with a row of long bristles, cluding scutellum bristled as in spadibasis, the inner margins bare, but with a distinct but posthumeral bristle not even weakly du- bristle at base of processes adjacent to inner plicated. margin. Superior forceps slender, gradually Legs similar to those of spadibasis, but divergent, their apices rounded and slightly coxae are brownish fuscous; only a limited curved anteriorly (or ventrally if held in basal portion of F2 and the basal 0.75 of F3 longitudinal axis). fulvous yellow; the remaining portions of FEMALE: Length, 5 to 5.5 mm. Similar to femora and all tibiae are darker. Legs bristled male. Front at vertex 0.33 of head width, as in spadibasis. parallel sided, the anterior portion of vitta Wings not so distinctly tinged as in spadi- reddish, the remainder black. The median basis, nor is there any trace of darker color on parafrontal bristle long, directed forward, the lower calyptrae. and subequal to the anterior pair; other para- Abdomen with first and second tergites and facial bristles very short with a pair of cruci- the hypopygium fulvous yellow. Marked as ate interfrontal bristles. Antenna somewhat in spadibasis, except the apices of third and darker than in male. fourth tergites not darkened and the pruines- Thorax with the vittae more well defined cence more grayish brown. The lateral proc- and broader than in the male, and the humeri esses of fifth sternite shorter and broader than with brownish to fulvous streaks. spadibasis and without a distinct bristle at Legs, wings, and halteres as in male; cal- base of each process, but with a row of slen- yptrae entirely white. der, short hairs along their inner margin. Abdomen with dark streaks over a large FEMALE: Length, 4.5 mm. Front at vertex portion of the dorsum; the median vitta 0.3 of head width, almost parallel sided; bris- broader. Sixth tergite (basal segment of ovi- tled as in female of spadibasis. Antennae and positor) prominent and broad, heavily chi- palpi as in male. tinized, and with a row of short apical bristles. Thorax, legs, and wings as in male, except TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male; allo- humeri with reddish brown reflections. Ab- type, female; and paratypes: 10 males and domen as in female of seven females, "Queb. La Toma, Tucuman, spadibasis. R. TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, and al- A., 21-XII-1590 (R. Golbach)." lotype, female, "Queb. La Toma, Tucuman, Emmesomyia argentina, new species R. A., 21-XII-1950 (R. Golbach)." MALE: Length, 4.75 mm. Head as in spadi- GENUS PEGOMYA ROBINEAU-DESVOIDY basis except parafrontals contiguous behind Pegomya ROBINEAU-DESVOIDY, 1830, Mem. the three pairs of anterior parafrontal bris- Roy. Soc. France, vol. 2, p. 598. HUCKETT, 1941, tles. At narrowest part, front only as wide as Mem. Amer. Ent. Soc., no. 10, p. 4. 444 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 113 This genus is allied to Emmesomyia and terior 0.5 of presut portion; with grayish Hylemya. The most satisfactory character to pruinescence over the entire humeri and separate it from the latter genus is the pres- notopleura; a less- well-defined transverse ence in both sexes of usually two, or at most pruinescent area from posterior dc bristle to three, ad and pd bristles on T3, and the ab- the scutellar suture and extending laterally sence of a complete or partial row of distinct to cover most of the postalar declivities. Scu- p setulae on T3 in males. tellum with sparse brownish pruinescence. Pegomya poecilioptera Malloch (1921b, p. With three to four pairs of presut ac bristles 430), Chortophila nervincta Stein (1911, p. which are not quite so long and strong as the 154), the two species described below, and prescutellar pair; dc 2:3; ia 2; pra longer than probably several other described and unde- anterior ntpl; posterior ntpl somewhat shorter described Neotropical species fall into this than the anterior one, and without ntpl setu- concept. lae adjacent to base of either bristle; st 2:2, Certain Neotropical and Nearctic species the lower anterior one short and slender. Hy- of Hydrophoria possess the above characters, popleura and pteropleura bare. Scutellum but these can be separated from Pegomya with a pair of long, strong, basal, and apical by the presence of hairs or setulae on the bristles, and a much shorter and more dor- beret (the hypopleura anterior to the thoracic sally situated pair between; clothing setulae spiracle) and by having relatively fewer, but at apex longer and slightly thicker than hairs much longer, aristal hairs which are almost on ventral surface. as long as the length of the third antennal Legs black. Fl normal. TI with an ad segment. bristle at apical 0.33 and a longer median p; the apical d and pv at least twice as long as Pegomya neopalposa, new species Ti diameter and without other apical bristles. MALE: Length, 6.7 mm. Head black, gray- F2 with two short basal av bristles, but with ish pruinescent. Front at narrowest part not a complete row of long v to pv bristles. T2 wider than diameter of anterior ocellus. Para- with two long p bristles on median 0.5, a frontals with five or six pairs of strong bris- shorter pd close to the more apical p, and tles on anterior 0.4, and the most posterior with a very short ad opposite it, the latter pair in the series cruciate; with a pair of short bristle scarcely longer than T2 diameter; the hairs opposite the anterior ocellus, the inter- apical v 0.5 as long as the metatarsal seg- vening portion of parafrontals bare. Anterior ment. F3 with three to four strong d bristles ocellar bristles strong; verticals and post- on apical 0.25; and four or five equally strong ocellars not stronger than the long bristles in ad bristles on apical 0.4, the ad on basal 0.6 the postocular row. In profile, juncture of shorter and more slender; with a complete parafacials and parafrontals almost as long row of av and pv bristles; those at apical 0.3 as width of third antennal segment, the para- in the pv series about as long as diameter of facials slightly narrowed below. Cheeks F3 where situated; the remainder in pv, and slightly higher than width of third antennal all in the av, series distinctly longer than F3 segment; the posteroventral margin of head height. T3 with two ad and pd bristles, and a well maintained caudally. Antennae black, in- long av at apical 0.33; the apical ad and av serted opposite middle of eyes and terminat- bristle distinctly longer than the apical d ing below their lower margin. Third segment which is slightly longer than T3 diameter. 2.3 times as long as second. Arista short Pulvilli of all legs large and prominent; plumose, longest hairs 0.8 as long as width of clothing hairs of fifth tarsal segment at dorsal third antennal segment and distinctly longer apex, and at sides as long as combined lengths than the longest clothing setulae on second of fourth and fifth tarsal segments. antennal segment. Palpi black, slightly flat- Wings hyaline, faintly tinged with brown, tened and somewhat broader than usual, but but not intensively darkened basally. Costal not clavate. thorns and setulae very short. Cross veins Thorax black. Viewed from above and be- not clouded. Posterior cross vein very slightly hind, with a clearly defined, longitudinal, curved at middle. Calyptrae white. Halteres median, grayish pruinescent stripe on an- yellow. 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 445 Abdomen subcylindrical; black, grayish the few ventral bristles in a single row. An- pruinescent; with a median dark vitta and tennae black, third segment 1.8 times as long transverse brownish basal bands on first to as second. Arista with the longest hairs fourth visible tergites. The prebasal hypo- shorter than its greatest diameter. Palpi pygial segment with a row of strong dorsal black, slender. Eyes bare. bristles. The hypopygium not shiny. Basal Thorax dark, densely grayish pruines5ent; sternite with a few long hairs; processes of with three brown vittae, a narrow median fifth sternite broad and moderately long, their one and two broader ones along ia and supra- inner border with several rows of extremely alar planes, the latter stripes terminating at short, closely placed setulae, but these are level of posterior ia bristle. Scutellum with a not in the form of a "mat." Superior forceps limited basolateral brown spot on each side. brownish, subshiny, long, and slender, their Acrostical bristles in two irregular rows, the outer margins without notches. prescutellar pair longest and strongest; pra TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "Queb. slightly longer than the two subequal ntpls; La Toma, Tucuman, R. A., 21-XII-1950 without setulae adjacent to base of either (R. Golbach)." ntpl bristle. Scutellum with a pair of strong The following key will distinguish males of basal and apical bristles and a pair of discals New World species of the virginea group more medianly situated; disc mostly bare, known to me. As noted by Huckett (1941, p. but with a row of setulae along the center of 14), this group falls into Pegomyza of authors. the declivities; the apical setulae much longer 1. Legs entirely black, at most articulation of T and stronger than the hairs on ventral surface and F yellowish ...... 2 of scutellum. St 1:2, or, if 2:3, the lower Legs mostly yellow (Nearctic). setulae in each series much shorter than the ...... juvenilis (Stein) bristle above it. Hypopleura and pteropleura 2. Superior forceps elongate, slender, and without bare. notches on any surface. F3 with numerous pv Legs brownish fulvous, F1 distinctly bristles (Argentina) ...... darker; tarsi fuscous. Ft normal. Ti with one ...... neopalposa, new species or two submedian bristles on Superior forceps relatively short and broad and p (one right leg with distinct preapical notches on inner and two on left leg in the type), a strong margins. F3 with sparse pv bristles . . . 3 median ad; a very strong apical mid d and a 3. Thorax with uniform, dense, bluish gray pruin- shorter pv, the latter slightly longer than T escence, and only a trace of two less dense diameter and without other apical bristles. pruinescent vittae in dc planes; calyptrae F2 with four or five v bristles on basal 0.5. T2 white; wings faintly tinged with brown; T2 with an ad, pd, and p bristle on apical 0.33 with the ad bristle on apical 0.33 stronger and a p on basal 0.33. F3 with the usual row than the pd (Mexico) . nigrocaerulea Snyder1 of ad bristles, a row of eight to 10 av, three or Thorax with a subshiny dark area between the four v on basal 0.33, one or two of the p setu- intra-alar and supra-alar planes, and with a at than a d narrower and less distinct median presut lae base longer usual; strong vitta; calyptrae faintly, and wings strongly, bristle at apical 0.80 and a strong preapical tinged with yellow; T2 with the ad bristles pd and p bristle; the pv setulae slender and on apical 0.33 scarcely longer than T2 only one or two are as long as F height. T3 diameter and much shorter than the pd with two subequal ad and pd bristles on cen- (Holarctic) ...... palposa (Stein) tral 0.67 and a much shorter av; on one leg there is a short additional ad and pd beyond Pegomya trifumosa, new species the two strong ones but the other leg lacks MALE: Length, 4.7 mm. Head dark, gray- these bristles. Tarsal claws and pulvilli mod- ish pruinescent; the cheeks and parafacials erately well developed; the apical clothing reddish to fulvous in ground color. Front setulae on the fifth segment of all tarsi as narrow.2 With two pairs of parafrontal long as the respective length of this segment bristles; anterior ocellars strong. Cheeks with on each tarsus. Wings hyaline. Both cross veins sur- 1 Snyder (1952, p. 418). rounded by narrow dark clouds and with a 2 The single male is teneral. faint cloud at apex of first vein. Costal thorns 446 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 113 and setulae very small; other veins bare. Pos- followed but with certain modifications as terior cross vein straight. Halteres pale yel- noted under the genera discussed in the fol- low. Calyptrae white, the lower scale not lowing pages. protruding beyond upper one. Abdomen short, dorsoventrally flattened; GENUS ANGOLIA MALLOcH black, with very dense brownish gray pruines- Angolia MALLOCH, 1934, Diptera of Patagonia cence; a dark median vitta on first to fourth and South Chile, pt. 7, fasc. 2, 251. tergites. Basal hypopygial segment with an This genus, proposed for a single species, irregular row of four bristles. Basal sternite acuta Malloch, from Angol, Chile, was based with short setulae. Fifth with the processes on a single female specimen. It is not in the narrow, slightly dilated apically. United States National Museum as stated by FEMALE: Length, 5 mm. Very similar to Malloch and is therefore unavailable for com- the male. Without dark lateral spots on parison. scutellum; last abdominal tergite extensively The two species described below trace to fulvous. Angolia in Malloch's key and are tentatively Front 0.3 of head width throughout; the included in it, though study of the genotype reddish frontal vitta without cruciate bris- may necessitate generic relocation of the new tles. With four pairs of parafrontal bristles, species. the most anterior pair situated somewhat They are placed in Angolia because of the more posteriorly to the juncture of parafacials large size of the lower calyptrae, the presence and parafrontals than usual, and without of at least two submedian ad and pd on T3, hairs laterad to the parafrontal bristles. in addition to the presence of strong apical Legs bristled as in male, but Ti with a ad, d, and pd bristles on T3. This arrange- short apical ad which is almost as long as Ti ment of the T3 apical bristles is also charac- diameter. F3 with the bristles somewhat teristic of Spathiphermyia. shorter and less numerous than in male, The main difference between them and the and without a distinct basal p on F3. description of Angolia acuta is the presence Only the posterior cross vein with a dis- of two pairs of well-developed ia bristles. tinct dark cloud, but the tip of wing from Malloch's description indicates that the an- apex of second to fourth veins with a very terior postsut ia is very weak in acuta. faint, narrow, darkened area. Both species possess a single apical ad and TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "Ter- pd bristle on F3 and thus differ from Neo- mos de Reyes, Jujuy, R. A., 17/18-II-1949 dexiopsis. (M. L. Aczel)"; allotype, female, "V. Padre Monti, Tucuman-Burruyacu, R. A., 17-I-7- Angolia albibarba, new species II-1948 (R. Golbach)." MALE: Length, 3.8 mm. Head black, gray- The combination of dark antennae and ish pruinescent. Front at vertex 0.34 of palpi, short-haired arista, and lack of well- greatest head width, narrowed to 0.23 at base developed costal thorns and setulae will sep- of antennae. Ocellar triangle and parafacials arate this species from other Pegomya having only faintly differentiated from the dull three brown thoracic vittae and a cloud over brownish gray vitta; the triangle not extend- the posterior cross vein. It comes closer to ing more than 0.3 of the distance to base of the hyoscyami group than to any of the other antennae. In profile, parafacials and para- species groups discussed by Huckett (1941, frontals only narrowly visible. Cheeks 0.7 as p. 12). high as width of third antennal segment. Many of the bristles near vibrassae, the hairs SUBFAMILY COENOSIINAE on cheeks and the beard white. The classification used by Huckett (1934, Parafrontals with two or three strong, in- p. 59) for the Nearctic fauna of this subfamily wardly directed bristles on anterior 0.67 and and especially for Coenosia, sensu lato, is with several shorter hairs or setulae between followed. In the cases of genera that are them; the strong posterior parafrontal bristle obviously distinct from those he treated, the reclinate; anterior ocellars strong, slightly classification of Malloch (1934) is generally longer than posterior parafrontal bristles, but 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 447 slightly shorter than the strong inner vertical three tergites laterad to a median gray vitta. bristle; the outer vertical subequal to post- The fourth unspotted. Sternal hairs and those ocellars, each about 0.8 of the length of an- on ventral portion of tergites white. Hypo- terior ocellars. Antennae black, inserted op- pygium not conspicuous. Fifth sternite rather posite the dorsal 0.43 of eyes, and ending well small, with a broad, U-shaped incision; above their lower level, third segment 1.6 lateral processes about as long as disc, and times as long as second, the former with a without distinctive bristles. small, pointed, apical dorsal process. Arista TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "V. minutely pubescent, distinctly swollen on Padre Monti, Tucuman-Burruyacu, R. A., basal 0.12. Palpi fuscous. 17-I-7-11-1948 (R. Golbach)." Thorax black, with sparse bluish gray dust; The absence of a to ad submedian bristles not vittate. Without accessory anterior dc on T2 will separate this species from the setulae; ac setulae irregularly biseriate; ia genotype and the following species. 2, both long. Apical and subbasal scutellar bristles long, subequal. Angolia argentina, new species Legs black, articulations of all femora and MALE: Length, 3.1 mm. Head black, para- tibiae narrowly brownish fulvous. Ti with a facials and parafrontals yellowish gray pruin- median p; apical pd minute, the d and pv sub- escent, frontal vitta grayish brown, the equal, slightly longer than diameter of Ti. triangle extending to base of antennae as a F2 with three or four long, white, almost hair- narrow line. Cheeks and occiput gray, face like, av and pv bristles on basal 0.5 and one slightly yellowish gray pruinescent. Front at or two black ones beyond, those on pv surface vertex 0.43 of head width, narrowed to 0.38 longest; with a few, dark, short, a setulae at base of antennae. Cheeks as high as width on basal 0.5. T2 with a short median p, with- of third antennal segment. With a strong out a or ad bristles. F3 with a complete row pair of anterior and median, inwardly di- of av bristles which become gradually longer rected, parafrontal bristles and three or four apically, and with a row of shorter pv, with a shorter setulae between; with a single pair of slender v bristle at basal 0.33 and a much reclinate posterior bristles. Anterior ocellars longer bristle just beyond. T3 with one sub- very strong, as long as, or slightly longer median av, and three or four ad and pd than, inner verticals; outer verticals and post- bristles opposite one another which extend ocellars subequal, about 0.5 as long as an- from base to the apical 0.75; the apical ad terior ocellar bristles. In profile, parafacials slightly longer than T3 diameter, the apical and parafrontals distinct, though somewhat mid d and pd much longer, subequal, and narrow, their juncture about 0.3 as long as on the same transverse plane as the ad. Hind width of third antennal segment. Antennae metatarsus somewhat stout, about 0.8 as black, inserted opposite dorsal 0.3 to 0.4 of long as combined length of the remaining eye. Third segment 2.0 times as long as tarsal segments. Claws and pulvilli very second, the apical dorsal margin of former small. angulate and slightly protruding anteriorly. Wings hyaline, very faintly brownish Arista pubescent, longest hairs as long as tinged. Costal thorn and setulae very short. diameter of arista where situated, except on Third and fourth veins subparallel, slightly the basal 0.12 of arista which is abruptly curved posteriorly on apical portion. Pos- thickened and bare. Palpi black. terior cross vein straight, perpendicular, and Thorax black, grayish pruinescent, with inserted slightly basad to middle of first five very narrow brown lines along planes of posterior cell. Calyptrae whitish hyaline, the ac, dc, and ia bristles, the one along planes of lower one about 1.8 times as long as the up- dc the most distinct. Setulae in ac series regu- per one. Halteres yellow. larly biseriate, the anterior presut and pos- Abdomen cylindrical, black, densely gray terior postsut pair longest; with short but pruinescent. First to third visible tergites sharp-pointed bristles on anterior declivities with a velvety black, rectangular spot on of mesonotom opposite the ac setulae and dc each side of midline, so there appears to be a bristles; humeral setulae somewhat stronger long, black stripe on each side of the basal than usual; ia 2, the anterior pair situated 44A=8 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 113 more cephalad than usual and distinctly third antennal segment somewhat angulate longer than the posterior pair. Scutellum with anteriorly. The description and figure of apical and subbasal pairs of bristles long, acuta differ from the allotype of argentina in subequal; clothing setulae short and sparse. having F2 and F3 scarcely darkened; the Legs black, tibiae and knees yellow. Ti parafacials and parafrontals prominent in with a median p bristle; the apical pd and p profile; the possession of numerous short subequal, slightly shorter than apical d; setulae on parafrontals laterad to the short without an apical or preapical pv. F2 with a row of bristles; and arista swollen on basal short median a, two or three short av on 0.5. basal 0.33 and three or four longer pv bristles GENUS SCHOENOMYZA HALIDAY on basal 0.50 to 0.67. T2 with one long Schoenomyza HALIDAY, 1833, Ent. Mag., vol. median, a shorter basal ad, and two or three 1, p. 166. pd bristles. F3 with two or three av and pv Neither of the two species described below bristles on basal 0.5. T3 with one basal and could be placed in Schoenomyza, sensu Huck- one median ad and pd bristle and often with ett (1934, p. 106), because of the absence of an ad just basad to the long preapical ad, d, a median av bristle on T2 and a distinct and pd bristles, the last bristle not situated basal setula on hind basitarsi. Because both on the same transverse plane as the ad and d, agree with Malloch's generic definition of but is more basad; the d and pd bristles sub- southern Neotropical forms, these new spe- equal, slightly longer than the ad; and with cies are placed in Schoenomyza, with the an av bristle slightly beyond middle. reservation that more extensive study of Wings hyaline, with a very faint brownish Neotropical species may result in either a yellow tinge. Costal thorn distinct, about as radical departure from Malloch's (1934, p. long as humeral cross vein. Costal setulae 262) limits or an even more conservative short but distinct. Third and fourth veins definition than Huckett's. subparallel, somewhat curved posteriorly on apical portion. Posterior cross vein straight, Schoenomyza neobiseriata, new species situated slightly basad to middle of first MALE: Length, 2.6 mm. Head black; posterior cell. Calyptrae whitish, the lower pruinescence: of occiput, fuscous, of cheeks one at least two times as long as upper one. and face, grayish, of frontal vitta, brownish Halteres pale yellow. drab. Neither parafrontals nor ocellar tri- Abdomen subcylindrical; black, grayish angle sharply defined. Front at vertex 0.53 of pruinescent, with a pair of brown spots on head width, gradually narrowed to 0.35 below second to fourth visible tergites. In profile, base of antennae. With the usual parafrontal hypopygium distinct, but with the basal bristles, but with a short hair between the segment not globular. Fifth sternite long, first and second anterior pairs and without with a deep, almost linear, incision. setulae laterad to either. Postocellar bristles FEMALE: Length, 3.5 mm. Similar to the strong. Cheeks 0.14 of eye height. Antennae male. Thorax without a well-defined vitta black, inserted opposite 0.43 of eyes. Third along plane of ac and ia bristles. Setulae on antennal segment 2.5 times as long as second, anterior declivities of mesonotum and humeri the former without an angulate apical dorsal less numerous and somewhat shorter. Ti with process. Arista bare, not unusually thickened apicals on d, ad, and pv surfaces only. Costal at base. Palpi black. Eyes with enlarged setulae and thorns longer and more well facets adjacent to the constricted portion of developed. Abdomen more ovoid, and the the fronto-facial plate. large tergal bristles arise from small, dark Thorax black, with sparse, grayish brown spots. pruinescence which, viewed posterolaterally, TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "San has a slight greenish tinge, especially along Martin de los Andes, Nequen, R. A." with anterior portion of mesonotum; when viewed no date; allotype, female, and paratype, one at certain angles, mesonotum with a trace of male, topotypical but with "11-XII-1946." a poorly defined median brown vitta. Scutel- This species and acuta agree in having two lum concolorous with thoracic disc, un- ad and pd bristles on T3 and the apex of the marked. Setulae in ac series sparse but dis- 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 449 tinct, irregularly biseriate presuturally and tinctly enlarged anteriorly; mesonotum with- uniseriate postsuturally; with a short, but out trace of three rudimentary vittae; and well-defined, accessory presut dc setula just abdomen without paired spots. The females in front of the single pair of presut dc bristles trace to Schoenomyza "sp.?" in Malloch's and another slightly shorter one on the an- key (1934, pp. 263, 268), and it is possible terior declivities of mesonotum in approxi- that neobiseriata is his undescribed species. mately the same dc plane; the posterior ia bristle about 0.5 as long as anterior one. Schoenomyza wilinki, new species Lower stigmatal bristle minute, ventrally FEMALE: Length, 4.0 mm. Head black; directed. pruinescence: on occipit, gray to bluish gray, Legs black. Ti with a median p bristle. on posterior portion of cheeks, somewhat F2 without a bristles or setulae, but with a silvery and becoming yellowish tinged on the short v bristle on basal 0.25. T2 with a sub- anterior portion, on face, white, on para- median ad and pd bristle. F3 with one long facials, pale yellow, on frontal vitta, densely and one or two much shorter av bristles just yellow to yellowish brown, the color becom- beyond middle and with a short v to pv on ing darker posteriorly; the ocellar triangle basal 0.20 to 0.25. T3 with a submedian ad not strongly defined, but when viewed at and av bristle; the preapical mid d distinctly certain angles it appears complete but narrow shorter and situated basad to the preapical to base of antennae. Parafacials not clearly ad bristle. Mid and hind tarsi only as long differentiated except in frontal view, and as their tibiae, but the fore tarsi longer than then somewhat paler than frontal vitta. Ti. Pulvilli and claws very small. Front at vertex 0.45 of head width, at middle Wings hyaline; cross veins without ad- 0.48, and narrowed to vertical width at base jacent clouds. Costal thorn slender but dis- of antennae. Cheeks 0.5 of eye height. With tinct and as long as humeral cross vein; the several short clothing setulae laterad to the setulae basad to the thorn longer and more two pairs of parafrontal bristles. Postocellar conspicuous than usual. Calyptrae subequal, bristles strong. Antennae entirely black, in- whitish hyaline, margins slightly yellowish. serted opposite the lower 0.47 of eyes and Halteres light brown. extending slightly below their lower margin. Abdomen black; when viewed from be- Third segment 2.3 times as long as second, hind with a large, subshiny, black, trapezoi- the dorsal apex of former sharp, but without dal spot which occupies most of each tergite, an angulate process. Arista distinctly swollen thus only the basolateral portions of tergites close to base; bare or with hairs not longer grayish pruinescent; but when viewed pos- than the smallest aristal diameter. terolaterally, the dark spots are lightly Thorax black, grayish to bluish gray dusted with grayish pruinescence and the pruinescent, with a narrow, median, brown- basal tergite with denser pruinescence of a ish to fuscous vitta, another along planes of greenish tinge. dc and ia bristles, these vittae not sharply FEMALE: Length, 2.9 mm. Very similar to delineated and with a tendency to fuse on the male. With two or three very short, posterior and anterior 0.50 to 0.67 of the accessory, lateral, parafrontal hairs. An- presut and postsut portion of mesonotum, teriorly the thorax more densely pruinescent, respectively. Median dorsal portion of meso- brown, and with traces of three narrow black- pleura with a subtriangular brownish spot. ish presut vittae. Abdomen unspotted. Disc of scutellum with a limited basolateral TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "Lago brown spot on each side. Setulae in ac series Argentina, Santa Cruz, 26-II-1953 (Dr. sparse, irregularly biseriate, and longest Willink)" allotype, female, and paratypes: presuturally; with a short but distinct pair of three females, same data as type. prescutellar ac setae; dc 1:3, without acces- The male is closely allied to biseriata Mal- sory anterior dc setulae; posterior ia not more loch (1934, p. 267) but differs from the de- than 0.5 as long as the strong anterior pair. scription of that species in lacking even a Lower stigmatal bristle small, ventrally di- trace of yellow pruinosity on parafacials and rected. face; genae not olive gray; eye facets dis- Legs black, tibiae somewhat brownish 450 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VVOL. 1 13 black. Ti with a median p bristle. F2 with a Notoschoenomyza costata, new species row of a bristles on basal 0.66, two or three MALE: Length, 3.8 mm. Head black; of those at middle longer than the others viewed anteriorly, the front and face with and with one or two longer v on basal 0.5. T2 dense whitish yellow pruinescence, so that with one median ad and pd bristle. F3 with the parafrontals and parafacials are not clearly four to six av on apical 0.5, and one or two defined; frontal triangle not differentiated, shorter ones on basal 0.33; with a submedian but the ocellar tubercle well defined and pv bristle. T3 with a median ad and av pre- blackish. In profile, cheeks and back of head apical bristle; the mid d situated basad of the dull grayish pruinescent. Front at vertex much shorter preapical av bristle. distinctly broader than long, 0.58 of head Wings hyaline, without trace of dark width, narrowed to 0.42 at base of antennae. shadows adjacent to cross veins. Costal Parafrontals with two pairs of slender, in- thorns and setulae distinct but not promi- wardly directed bristles on apical 0.5, a nent. Posterior cross vein inserted well basad somewhat longer posterior pair which is out- of middle of first posterior cell, straight, and wardly and somewhat backwardly directed subequal to length of ultimate section of and about as long as the anterior ocellar fifth vein. Upper and lower calyptrae sub- bristles; without small setulae between the equal, hyaline, their margins somewhat yel- strong parafrontal bristles. Inner and outer low fulvous. Halteres yellow to fulvous. verticals long and strong, the latter slightly Abdomen black, gray to bluish gray shorter than former; postocellar bristles pruinescent; with a pair of large, transverse, very short, about 0.5 as long as the fine blackish brown spots which extend to lateral postverticals. Postocular setulae in a single declivities near apex on first to third visible row. Juncture of parafacials and parafrontals tergites, and with an indistinct median spot protruding anteriorly well beyond oral mar- on fourth tergite. gin. Eyes almost round, bare. Cheeks as high TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, female, "La as width of third antennal segment. Antennae Cristina, Lago Argentina, Santa Cruz, R. A., inserted opposite middle of eyes and extend- 2 1-I-1953 (Willink)"; paratypes, two fe- ing to opposite their lower margin, fuscous; males, same data as type. apex of second segment with somewhat paler This species and neobiseriata trace to S. shadows. Third antennal segment 1.7 to 2.0 nigrithorax in Stein's (1911, p. 187) key to times as as second. Arista Schoenomyza. They are probably specifically long bare, grad- distinct because of the differences of cheek ually thickened basally. Palpi fulvous, the height and frontal color of nigrithorax and base slightly brownish, with grayish pruines- these two species. cence. Proboscis shiny brown. Thorax black; gray pruinescent and some- GENUS NOTOSCHOENOMYZA MALLOCH times with a bluish to greenish tinge; with Notoschoenomyza MALLOCH, 1934, Diptera of five ill-defined brownish vittae: the median Patagonia and South Chile, pt. 7, fasc. 2, p. 259. vitta best defined on apical 0.5 of postsut por- The species described below would be tion of disc and joining an ill-defined median placed in Schoenomyza if Huckett's generic brown stripe on dorsum of scutellum; a diagnostic characters are used. However, it brownish vitta on each side extending from traces to Notoschoenomyza in Malloch's (1934, posthumeral bristle posterolaterally to the p. 210) key, and until an extensive study of posterior corner of ntpl; and postsut vitta, on Neotropical species of the group is available, each side between planes of dc and ia bristles. Malloch's concept is used. Setulae of ac series in two irregular rows and Apparently there is a typographical error without differentiated prescutellar ac bris- in the original description of Notoschoenomyza tles; dc 1: 3, without accessory presut dc (p. 259, line 3). In the key and in the specific setulae. The posterior ia bristle absent or ex- description of the genotype, a distinct basal tremely small, but should not be confused pd bristle on T3 is described; undoubtedly with the supra-alar bristle which is situated the "posteroventral" mentioned in the gen- on the thoracic disc and somewhat more an- eric description is in error and "posterodorsal" terior to the suture separating the postalar was intended. declivites from the thoracic disc than usual. 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 451 Legs black, the tibiae yellow to fulvous, of the median postsut dc bristle. TI with a the ventral and apical portions of tarsi with well-developed median pv bristle, and av faint fulvous areas, but the tarsi predomi- bristles on F3 less well defined. Wings some- nantly fuscous. Ti with a submedian p what more brownish tinged but without dis- bristle which is as long and strong as the well- tinct clouds. developed apical d, p, and pv bristles. F2 TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "Tafi with about two to four a bristles on median del Valle, Tucuman, R. A., 6-XII-1947 (R. 0.5 and one to three basal v bristles, and a Golbach)"; allotype, female, same data as single preapical p. T2 with a strong sub- type; paratypes: eight males, seven females, median av, one strong and one weak ad on same data as type. median 0.5 and a similar pd pair. F3 with a Notoschoenomyza costata will not satis- strong preapical av and four or five much factorily trace to any species in Malloch's shorter ones on remainder of this surface, key to this genus. However, it will trace to none of which is longer than F3 diameter guttipennis Stein (1904, p. 493, not Thom- where situated and with one or two subme- son; see Malloch, 1934, p. 54), in Stein's key dian pv bristles. T3 with two median ad, one to Schoenomyza (1911, p. 180), but the com- median av, and with a rather short pd on plete absence of white spots on the wings basal 0.33, beyond which there is frequently prevents its being that species. a much shorter setula; with a strong pre- GENUS NEODEXIOPSIS apical pd, ad, a, and av bristle. Tarsi not MALLOCH unusually modified, subequal in length to Dexiopsis STEIN, 1897 (not Pokorny), Berliner Ent. Zeitschr., vol. 42, P. 259. their respective tibiae. Pulvilli and claws Neodexiopsis MALLOCH, 1920, Trans. Amer. small. Ent. Soc., vol. 46, p. 162. Wings hyaline, very faintly tinged with Coenosia (Neodexiopsis) HUCKETT, 1934, Trans. yellowish brown. Costal thorns and setulae Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 60, p. 73. conspicuous, but not elongated, 1.25 to 2.0 Coenosia MALLOCH, 1934, Diptera of Patagonia times as long as costal diameter. Posterior and South Chile, pt. 7, fasc. 2, p. 210 (in part). cross vein straight; anterior cross vein sit- Austrocenosia MALLOCH, 1934, op. cit., pt. 7, uated only slightly beyond middle of discal fasc. 2, p. 217 (in part.) cell. Calyptrae yellowish white. Halteres This exclusively New World genus can be fulvous. separated from other Coenosia, sensu lato, as Abdomen subcylindrical and somewhat first noted by Huckett (1934), by the pres- elongate, black; densely gray pruinescent, ence of three preapical bristles on F3, an with a series of elongate median spots on first ad, d, and pd to p, in contrast to two pre- to fourth visible tergites and with a large, apicals, an ad, and d to pd in other groups. round, brown spot on each side of second to This is proably the most abundant Neo- fourth visible tergites. Tergal bristles mod- tropical coenosiine group in regard to species erately well developed, strongest at apex of and individuals. Limosia is the most abun- fourth tergite. In profile, basal hypopygial dant in northern and mountainous areas of segments slightly globular, and bearing two the Nearctic region, but Neodexiopsis re- irregular rows of bristles above, which are places it in the southeastern portion of the not so long as apical series on fourth tergite; United States. Limosia in the Palearctic re- fifth sternite in profile about 0.5 as long as gion and Coenosia, sensu stricto (= Caricea of length of hind tibiae, very slightly concave authors), in Ethiopian regions are compa- ventrally; viewed from below, with a deep rable in abundance. elongate incision, the inner border of proc- Malloch (1934) used the presence or ab- esses with very short, fine, closely placed sence of a median pd bristle on T3, a sexually setulae. dimorphic character in certain Neodexiopsis FEMALE: Length, 4.0 mm. Similar to the species, to distinguish his Austrocoenosia male, but the front more yellowish brown from Coenosia Meigen. Thus, the males of tinged posteriorly and the parafacials mod- setipuncta and cacumina, described below, erately well defined. Thorax with a distinct would trace to Austrocoenosia and the fe- pair of presut brownish vittae which lie in males to Coenosia in his key. the dc plane and extend posteriorly to level The following species are described at the 452 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 113 present time as a matter of expediency and or decumbent ...... 7 to have names to place on the specimens in F2 without an a bristle on apical 0.25 to 0.33 the collection before me. An almost equal in addition to the median a bristle; the number of new species from Puerto Rico are clothing setulae on the darkened dorso- being described concurrently in another lateral region of first two abdominal ter- periodical. gites minute, upright, very numerous, and It is hoped that results of present and from studies of the many species of the ovata closely placed arising small dark spots ...... group will setipuncta, new species appear later. Eventually, I hope 7. F2 and F3 without a brown apical spot; to present a complete key to New World thorax not vittate . uspallata, new species species of Neodexiopsis together with de- F2 and F3 with an apical brown spot; thorax scriptions of numerous species from other col- with one or three distinct longitudinal vit- lections. tae ...... cacumina, newspecies The following key is complete as regards 8. T3 with a submedian Pd bristle. specimens from the extensive collection of the .i...... intoniclunis, new species Fundacion Miguel Lillo, but I am confident T3 without a submedian pd bristle . . . .9 9. Fl with a dark that, despite its richness, not more than 50 pd cloud on apical 0.25 or more ...... cacumina, new species per cent of Neodexiopsis species from the entirely to fulvous southern are Ft yellow Neotropical . region . . . . represented. . . . setipuncta, new species. KEY TO Neodexiopsis IN THE COLLECTION OF 10. Males: Posterior margin of wing with a deep THE FUNDACION MIGUEL LILLO preanal incision which thus produces a thumb-like projection at anal angle. Fe- 1. Apical scutellar bristles absent or, if present' males: Anal less than 0.7 as long as the subbasal scutel- angle of wing truncate or sub- truncate ...... 11 lars ...... 2 Males and Apical scutellars as long as or than Females: Anal angle of wing evenly longer the rounded and without a prebasal subbasals..... 10 incision ...... 2. Males ...... 12 3 11. T3 with a median av Females ...... 8 bristle; palpi largely 3. Fore coxae fuscous ...... 4 yellow .australis (Malloch) T3 without a median av Fore coxae yellow to fulvous ...... 5 bristle; palpi mostly 4. F3 with a distinct av bristle opposite the dark . . . . . neoaustralis, new species terminal one in the ad row; combined 12. T3 without any a or av bristles or long hairs at lengths of second and third abdominal middle... 13 tergites as long as or longer than either the T3 with either a median a or av bristle or with first or fourth tergite; T3 with a median a row of long av hairs ...... 16 bristle which is situated more av than a 13. Fore coxae yellow to fulvous ...... 14
. . . . coxae . . . . quintivena, new species Fore fuscous ...... 15 F3 without an av bristle opposite the terminal 14. Males: Ft with many closely placed, long, one in the ad row; in dorsal view the com- clothing hairs over most of the pd to pv bined length of the second and third visible surfaces . . . . neomacrocera, new species abdominal tergites distinctly less than the Males: Ft with only the usual short clothing length of either the first or fourth tergites; setulae but with a row of distinct pv bristles T3 with a median bristle which is situated (Mexico) . . . macrocera (van der Wulp) more a than av . . lunatisigna, new species 15. T3 with a median Pd bristle; front with dense 5. Abdomen entirely darkened; basal hypopygial golden yellow pruinescence so that the segment with numerous long, slender hairs frontal triangle and parafrontals are not at which are at least as long as length of fourth all differentiated from the vitta; apex of tergite; palpi and tarsi yellow to fulvous fourth abdominal tergite fulvous and in ...... intoniclunis, new species sharp contrast to the remaining dark ab- Abdomen partly yellow to fulvous at base or dominal tergites . croceafrons, new species beyond; basal hypopygial segment with T3 without a median Pd bristle; front with only the usual short bristles; palpi or tarsi sparse yellow to grayish yellow pruin- or both fuscous to brown ...... 6 escence, the triangle and parafrontals 6. F2 with a distinct a bristle beyond the me- clearly differentiated from the vitta; apex dian one; abdomen with the dorsolateral of fourth abdominal tergite dark, con- clothing setulae on first and second tergites colorous with remainder of abdomen long, somewhat sparse, and either upright clavacula, new species 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 453
16. Fore coxae yellow to fulvous ...... conspicuous accessory presut dc setulae but rava, new species with a short one well ventrad on anterior Fore coxae fuscous ...... 17 declivities; ac setulae short, biseriate, with a 17. Third antennal segment short, with a distinct pair of slightly longer prescutellar ac setulae; angular anterior (or dorsal) apical pro- ia 2. Apical scutellars about 0.33 as long as tuberance. Males: With numerous long, curly av to v hairs. . . sima, new species subbasals. Third antennal segment long, without a dis- Legs fulvous yellow, tarsi more brownish tinct angulate apical process. Males: With- fulvous; coxae fuscous, densely grayish out long, curly av to v hairs . . . . . 18 pruinescent. Ti with preapical d longer and 18. Males: T3 with many long apically curled d stronger than either pd or pv and about twice to pd hairs which are 0.25 as long as T3. as long as T diameter, the pd slender, about Females: Basal 0.2 or more of F2 and F3 as long as T diameter, and pv slightly shorter. yellow and sharply contrasting with the F2 with five to six slender a on basal 0.66, a apically darkened portion: median brown row of six to seven longer av on basal 0.5 and thoracic vitta extending onto middle of an almost complete row of long, strong pv. scutellum . . . . cirratipila, new species Males: T3 with only the normal decumbent, T2 with apical ad and pd subequal, slightly short, clothing setulae which are less than longer than tibial diameter and on the same 0.05 as long as T3. Females: F2 and F3 at transverse plane. F3 with three to five slender base concolorous with remainder of femora; av bristles between which the clothing setulae median thoracic vitta not continued onto are slightly longer than usual; with two long scutellum .... rufitibia (Stein) pv on basal 0.5 and a few shorter ones between and beyond. T3 with a long median ad and Neodexiopsis quintivena, new species pd bristle, the submedian av and apical ad MALE: Length, 4.5 mm. Head black; back about 0.5 of their length; the preapical mid d of head gray pruinescent, remainder yellow as long as hind metatarsus. pruinescent, except frontal vitta on both Wings hyaline, slightly brownish tinged. sides of the complete ocellar triangle, where Costal thorn scarcely distinguishable, the it is brownish yellow. Front at vertex 0.39 setulae short, not distinctive. Third and of head width, slightly broadened to 0.45 fourth veins parallel, divergent at extreme at middle, then narrowed to vertical width apices. Ultimate section of fifth vein equal to at base of antennae; face of equal width length of the perpendicular posterior cross throughout its length. Juncture of para- vein. Calyptrae whitish, margins somewhat facials and parafrontals distinctly protuber- yellowish. Halteres yellow. ant, 1.7 times as long as width of the some- Abdomen black, bluish gray pruinescent, what narrow third antennal segment; para- with an incomplete subtriangular median facials narrowed below to about 0.3 of the spot on second to fourth visible tergites; width of third antennal segment; cheeks as without lateral markings. In dorsal view, high as juncture of parafacials and para- the second and third tergites slightly shorter frontals. Anterior ocellar bristles very strong, than fourth, but longer than first. In profile, about 2.25 times as long as postocellars, and the fourth tergite 1.3 times longer dorsally about 1.5 times as long as the reclinate pos- than either second and third, and narrowed terior parafrontals; outer verticals 0.8 as to about 0.6 of this distance ventrally. Hypo- long as anterior ocellars and 2.0 times as pygium dark and inconspicuous. long as the short inner verticals. Antennae TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "Queb. fuscous, the inner margin of second segment Carnzo, Tucuman, R. A. 18/19-XI-1951 (R. light brown; inserted opposite dorsal 0.33 of Golbach)." eyes. Third segment 2.0 times as long as This species agrees in most characters with second. Arista slightly thickened on basal the description of Coenosia recedens Stein 0.17, longest hairs about 0.80 as long as its (1901, p. 489; 1911, p. 177), but I doubt that basal diameter. Palpi brownish fulvous, it is that species, because the costal thorn fuscous apically. and setulae are not conspicuously developed, Thorax black, bluish gray pruinescent, and the thoracic dorsum is not predominantly with three distinct brown vittae. Without brown. 454 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 113 Neodexiopsis lunatisigna, new species ually convergent except at extreme apices, MALE: Length, 4.1 mm. Head black, yel- where they are parallel. Apical section of lowish gray pruinescent; face somewhat fifth vein 0.6 to 0.7 as long as the perpendicu- brownish below. Frontal vitta with a cres- lar posterior cross vein. Calyptrae whitish. cent-shaped grayish to reddish pruinescent Halteres yellow. area at base of antennae which is confluent Abdomen black, yellowish gray pruines- with apex of the yellow ocellar triangle, the cent. With or without a small, median, basal, remainder of vitta black to reddish brown dark spot on third and fourth tergites. With pruinescent. Parafrontals well defined. Front a small, round, brown spot at base of lateral at vertex 0.39 of head width, gradually basal bristle on third, and surrounding the widened to 0.46 slightly beyond middle, then base of the bristles in discal and apical row reduced to vertical width at base of an- on fourth, visible tergites. In dorsal view, tennae. Face gradually divergent below. In second and third visible tergites distinctly profile, juncture of parafacials and para- shorter than either the first or fourth. In frontals about as long as width of third an- profile, shaped as in quintivena. tennal segment, and parafacials gradually TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "Queb. reduced in width to about 0.5 of this distance La Toma, Tucuman, R. A., 21-XII-1950 opposite lower margin of eyes. Frontal bris- (R. Golbach)"; paratypes: one male, same tles as in quintivena, new species. Antennae data as type; one male, "Queb. Carnzo, black, apex of second reddish, with dense Tucuman, R. A., 18/19-XI-1951 (R. Gol- gray pruinescence, inserted opposite dorsal bach)." 0.42 of eyes and reaching to opposite their Neodexiopsis intoniclunis, new species lower margin. Third segment 2.2 times as long as second. Arista not unusually thick- MALE: Length, 3.6 mm. Head black; ened basally. Longest hairs about 1.50 to pruinescence: on occiput, gray; on front' 1.75 times as long as basal diameter of arista; grayish yellow; and on face, fulvous yellow; those on both surfaces, including aristal the ocellar tubercle dark brown. Parafrontals diameter, about 0.7 as long as width of third and the frontal triangle only faintly differ- antennal segment. Palpi fulvous, long, slen- entiated, the latter extending to base of der, and straight, with a limited, slightly antennae. Front at vertex 0.36 of head width, darkened area at extreme almost parallel sided; the face slightly con- tip. stricted a little below juncture of second and Thorax yellowish gray pruinescent, with a third antennal segments. Anterior ocellar narrow but distinct brown line along ac and and anterior parafrontal bristles subequal, dc planes. Bristled as in quintivena, but ac 0.6 to 0.8 as long and strong as the well- setulae much shorter, sparser, and without developed median parafrontal bristle; post- distinct prescutellar ac. Apical scutellar ocellars and outer verticals subequal, slightly bristle almost hair-like, less than 0.25 as shorter than anterior ocellars; inner verticals long as subbasal. short but distinct. In profile, juncture of Legs fulvous, coxae fuscous. Fl and Ti parafacials and parafrontals almost as long as in quintivena, except the apical pd and pv as width of third antennal segment, the on TI longer; the pv bristles on F2 very much parafacials narrowly complete below. Cheeks longer, slightly curled at apices, and with a 1.25 times as high as width of third antennal few of the a clothing setulae at base con- segment. Antennae fuscous, the second seg- spicuously longer and more closely placed ment reddish brown apically, especially along than usual. F3 also similar, but with more inner border; inserted opposite dorsal 0.3 of numerous and longer av and pv bristles and eyes and terminating slightly above their clothing setulae, the former longest on median lower margin; third segment 2.6 times as 0.33, slightly curled, and about 0.5 as long as long as second; arista brownish basally, the length of F3. T3 with median av more an- longest hairs shorter than its greatest diame- teriorly situated and closer to base of the ter. Palpi slender, yellow. median ad bristle; otherwise as in quintivena. Thorax black, grayish pruinescent, and Wings hyaline. Without distinctive costal with a mere trace of an interrupted brown setulae. Third and fourth wing veins grad line in ac and dc planes. Clothing setulae on 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 455 humeri and anterior'declivities of mesonotum pruinescent. Antennae inserted opposite mid- normal; ac setulae in two irregular rows; the dle of eyes. Cheeks as high as width of third prescutellar pairs not strongly differentiated; antennal segment. Longest aristal hairs as ia 2, the posterior pair somewhat shorter long as greatest aristal diameter. Tip of than the anterior pair. Apical scutellars less palpi brownish to fuscous. than 0.33 as long as subbasals. Thorax with three narrow brown vittae; Legs entirely fulvous yellow. Fl with a otherwise as in male. single preapical and only two or three shorter Legs with tarsi yellowish brown. Fl with submedian pd bristles, the clothing setulae in the usual row of pd bristles. TI with the the pd area more numerous and upright than apical bristles subequal, longer than T in most species having the usual pd row of diameter. F2 with two median a, the v series bristles; with one or two somewhat long, extending to apical 0.75. F3 with four or five basal, p bristles and the usual row of pv; av widely spaced av bristles, the pv longer than setulae at base not unusually differentiated. in male and with or without a short one on Ti with a median p; the preapical mid d dis- apical 0.66 to 0.75. tinctly longer than the apical ad and pd, the Costal setulae basad to thorn shorter than latter scarcely as long as tibial diameter. F2 in male. without any a bristles; with one or two basal Abdomen ovoid, the fourth segment not av and a row of four to six v on basal 0.5. T2 modified in shape or armature; other tergites with a long submedian a and p bristle; apical with the usual short, depressed setulae and ad and pd subequal, not appreciably longer the normal rows of short, apical bristles. than T2 diameter. F3 with two or three TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "Queb. short av and pv bristles on basal 0.25 and a La Toma, Tucuman, R. A., 21-XII-1950 (R. longer and stronger preapical av bristle Golbach)"; allotype, female, and paratypes: opposite the terminal one in the ad series. T3 one male and one female, same data as type. with a very long, slender, median, ad and pd The male paratype has the head slightly bristle; the mid d situated almost midway greased, and the female has a distinct pv between apex and the median bristles; all bristle on apical 0.33 of F3. three subequal and 0.4 to 0.5 as long as length of T3; the av bristle short, situated on Neodexiopsis setipuncta, new species apical 0.6; the preapical ad situated midway MALE: Length, 2.9 to 3.1 mm. Head black, between apex and insertion of the mid d grayish pruinescent. Front brownish to olive bristle. Tarsi normal; pulvilli and claws gray pruinescent, the ocellar triangle reaching quite small, but distinct. to base of antennae. Front at vertex 0.3 of Wings hyaline; veins yellowish. Costal maximum head width, the face and front of thorn distinct, the setulae basad to thorn equal width throughout. In profile, juncture distinctly longer than costal diameter and of parafacials and parafrontals about 0.5 of longer than those beyond thorn. Posterior greatest width of third antennal segment, the cross vein straight. Calyptrae white, very parafacials obscured below. Anterior ocellar faintly tinged with fulvous. Halteres fulvous. bristles slightly longer than posterior ocellars Abdomen dark, yellowish gray pruinescent, and slightly shorter than the anterior para- unmarked or with only a trace of a dark frontals; the latter equal to outer verticals. median vitta. Fourth visible tergite much Cheeks 0.5 as high as width of third antennal reduced in length, but well maintained ven- segment and with four to six slender, ven- trally; the clothing setulae extremely long trally directed bristles which are about 0.25 and somewhat curled apically, almost con- to 0.33 as long as vibrissae. The black tinuous with similar but somewhat shorter antennae with a somewhat grayish white ones on the basal sclerite of hypopygium. apical margin on second segment; inserted The apical rows of bristles on first to third opposite dorsal 0.33 of eyes and extending tergites long and slender and the clothing almost to oral margin and well below lower setulae somewhat longer and more closely level of eyes. The third segment 2.7 times as placed than usual. long as second and evenly rounded apically. FEMALE: Length, 4.0 to 4.6 mm. Similar Arista black, of normal proportions, the to the male. Front and face yellowish gray longest hairs not so long as its basal diameter. 456 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 113 Palpi brown to fuscous. Proboscis shiny discal bristle, and third with an additional black, of normal proportions. pair of submedian and median discals; the Thorax black, grayish pruinescent, with fourth with a row of apicals. Fifth sternite three somewhat indistinct, narrow, median, obscured in profile. brown vittae. Without short anterior acces- FEMALE: Length, 4.0 to 4.3 mm. Head, sory dc bristles; the setulae on humeri and thorax, and leg color similar to that of male, anterior declivities short, normal; ac setulae but usually apex of F3 and occasionally apex irregularly biseriate. Anterior ia at least of F2 darkened. F2 with three to four a twice as long as the posterior one. Apical bristles on basal 0.66 to 0.75; av on F3 scutellars very short, less than 0.33 as long stouter but shorter than in male. T3 without as subbasal. a submedian pd bristle. Abdomen without Legs entirely yellow, although occasionally the characteristic groups of upright, dark, the extreme apices of F3 brownish. Fl nor- closely placed clothing setulae on first and mal. Ti with apical pd and pv short, not so second tergites. The general abdominal color long as Ti diameter, the preapical d some- darker and usually with only traces of fulvous what longer. F2 with a strong median a and on lateral portions of first and second ter- one or two very much shorter bristles basad; gites. First to third tergites usually with a with one to three very short av and pv on brownish median vitta; second and third with basal 0.25. T2 with a median ad and pd a diffuse lateral dark spot. Without a row of bristle; the apical ad absent and the apical apical bristles on fourth tergite. pd bristle shorter than T2 diameter. F3 with TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "Queb. two to four long av bristles on apical 0.33 to La Toma, Tucuman, R. A., 21-XII-1950 0.50, basad with two to three shorter av (R. Golbach)"; allotype, female, same data bristles; with two to three pv on the median as type. Paratypes: Thirty-seven males, 49 0.5. T3 with one median ad and pd bristle females, same data as type; four males, which is longer than the submedian av; the "Quebrada La Toma de Tafi Viejo, Tucu- mid d bristle situated on the apical 0.25 and man, Argentina, 21-XII-1950 (Golbach)"; is about as long as the median ad and pd two females, "Lacavera, 23,26-XII-1951 bristles; the preapical ad inserted midway (Aczel y Golbach)"; one female, "Lacavera, between insertion of the mid d bristle and 23, 28-XI-1951 (Aczel y Golbach)"; three apex of T3 and is about 0.5 to 0.7 of the males, one female, "Queb. Carnzo, 18, 19. length of the mid d bristle. XI-1951 (R. Golbach)"; six males, eight Wings hyaline, costal setulae short, hair- females, "V. Padre Monti, Burruyacu, 17-I, like, and decumbent. Posterior cross vein 7-II-1948 (R. Golbach)"; two males, one straight, inserted slightly basad to middle of female, "Tafi del Valles, 9-XII-1947 (R. first posterior cell; anterior cross vein in- Golbach)"; one male, three females, "Acon- serted at about the middle of discal cell. quijo, 6, 12-XII-1950 (R. Golbach)"; one Calyptrae hyaline. Halteres yellow. male, one female, "Saimbon, 21-X-1945 Abdomen about as long as thorax, not (Willink)." laterally compressed or recurved apically. The first and second visible tergites pre- Neodexiopsis uspallata, new species dominantly yellow to fulvous; with a diffuse MALE: Length, 3.7 mm. Head colored and dark basal area on first, and a more well- bristled as in setipuncta except the second defined basal region on second, these dark antennal segment is fulvous and palpi are areas with very numerous short, upright, light brown, with slightly darker apex. In and closely placed clothing setulae which structure similar to that of cacumina. arise from dark spots and account for the Thorax grayish pruinescent, with an ex- dark area on these tergites; the fulvous apical tremely faint median brown vitta in ac region sub-shiny, and with a preapical row of plane which is visible only from above and long, decumbent, clothing setulae. Third and behind; with a pair of short but distinct fourth tergites mostly black, sometimes a prescutellar ac setulae. variable apical portion of third fulvous. Sec- Legs yellow except for brown tarsi. F2 ond to fourth tergites with a strong lateral with two widely separated a bristles on 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 457 median 0.66 and four pv on basal 0.75. F3 "Tafi del Valle, Tucuman, 6, 12-XII-1947 with three or four av on apical 0.5 and three (Golbach"); paratypes: one male, one female, pv on basal 0.75. same data as type; one male, "Queb. La Wings slightly brownish hyaline, other- Toma, Tucuman, R. A., 21-XII-1950 (R. wise as in setipuncta. Golbach)"; one female, "Ter. de Reyes, Abdomen entirely fulvous, with indications Jujuy, R. A., 16/7-II-1949 (M. L. Aczel)." of a narrow dc brownish line on first visible tergite. Without patches of short, upright, Neodexiopsis australis (Malloch) closely placed clothing setulae, characteristic Coenosia australis MALLOCH, 1934, Diptera of of setipuncta. Patagonia and South Chile, pt. 7, fasc. 2, p. 215. TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "Uspal- The following characters, not mentioned lata, Mendoza, R. A., 14-I-1947 (Hayward)." by Malloch in the original description of the This single specimen is somewhat damaged, species, are pertinent. and the abdomen has the third and fourth MALE: Front at vertex 0.33 of head width, abdominal tergites darkened. I believe that parallel sided. Face very slightly narrowed this discoloration is due to visceral decay opposite insertion of arista. In profile, junc- and is not the natural color of these segments. ture of parafacials and parafrontals about as It is probable that the female will lack a wide as width of third antennal segment; median pd on T3. parafacials narrowed to 0.33 of this distance below their middle. Antennae fuscous, but a Neodexiopsis cacumina, new species limited apical area of second segment lighter MALE: Length, 3.6 mm. Similar to that of colored and densely overlain with gray setipuncta in most respects. pruinescence. Antennae inserted opposite Front at vertex 0.37 of head width, the dorsal 0.37 of eyes, and extend almost to their front with more dense brownish pruinescence ventral margin. Longest aristal hairs 0.80 and the ocellar triangle not so distinct. to 0.95 as long as greatest aristal diameter. Cheeks 0.25 of width of third antennal seg- Thorax without short, accessory, spine- ment. Antennae inserted opposite dorsal like setulae on humeri or anterior declivities 0.30 of eyes and not reaching to opposite of mesonotum. their lower margin. Mid and hind coxae fuscous, covered with Thoracic dorsum more brownish pruines- dense grayish pruinescence; remainder of cent than in setipuncta. Acrostical setulae legs yellow, but usually with traces of fuscous uniseriate to biseriate, presuturally. at apices of femora. Fl without apical, Legs yellow to fulvous except a fuscous spine-like, av setulae. F2 without a median a spot on apical 0.16 to 0.20 of F2 and F3, with bristle and with a very limited, glossy, bare an indistinct pd shadow on Fl. F2 with a area from base to middle along the ad plane; strong a bristle on apical 0.25 to 0.33, an- with four to five short av, and an almost com- other strong median one and with one or two plete row of four to six, widely spaced, and shorter bristles basad. Legs otherwise bristled longer pv, bristles. F3 with three to four long as in setipuncta. av bristles; with two pv bristles and some Wings more brownish tinged. shorter setulae on basal 0.5. T3 with a long First and second abdominal tergite fulvous, median ad bristle and a shorter av almost except for a dc stripe of variable width; opposite or very slightly beyond it; the mid remainder of thorax fuscous. Without any d bristle situated well basad of the middle of areas of dense, closely placed, short, upright the distance between submedian and apical setulae, but otherwise bristled as in setipuncta. av bristles. FEMALE: Length, 4.0 mm. Similar to the Wings hyaline, veins brownish. "Thumb" male, except Fl with a dark pd cloud; T3 and incision very well developed. without a median pd bristle; and basal Abdomen with a large, glossy, fuscous abdominal tergites predominantly fuscous. spot, occupying most of the lower 0.4 of the TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "La- sides of the second visible tergite. The first cavera, Tafi, Dept. Tucuman, 23, 28-XI- tergite with a slightly fulvous area opposite 1951 (Aczel y Golbach)"; allotype, female, the dark spot on second; the short setulae in 458 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 113 the apical row on sides of first visible tergite areas. Anterior declivities of mesonotum with normal, not tufted. Hypopygium fuscous. a short, rather spinulose setula in line with FEMALE: Similar to the male. The setulae the dc bristle; humeri without spike-like in line with the dc bristles on the anterior bristles or clothing setulae; ac setulae bi- declivities of thorax strong and somewhat seriate, the prescutellar pair moderately well spinulose. F2 without a shiny, bare, ad differentiated; ia 2, moderately well devel- area and with a strong median a bristle. oped. Apical and prescutellar bristles strong, SPECIMENS EXAMINED: One male, Val- subequal. paraiso, Chile, "CKLL," labeled paratype, in Legs fulvous except the partly or entirely the United States National Museum; two fuscous coxae; tarsi brownish. Fl sometimes females, "Santo Tome, Corrientes, R. A., 11- with a purplish brown pd stripe; F2 and F3 XI-1951 (M. Aczel)." with a similarly colored apical cloud. Fl The male from Chile can scarcely be con- with the av setulae hair-like and becoming sidered to have paratype status, as neither it shorter apically. Ti with a long, slender, nor the locality was mentioned by Malloch median, p bristle, the apical pd and v bristles when listing type or paratype material. subequal and distinctly longer than tibial diameter, but somewhat shorter than pre- Neodexiopsis neoaustralis, new species apical d. F2 with a row of about 10 av setulae MALE: Length, 3.0 to 3.5 mm. Head black, which are subequal to diameter of F3 where yellowish gray pruinescent. Front at vertex situated, and with four to six much longer v 0.33 of head width, scarcely widened an- bristles on basal 0.67, between which are in- teriorly; with a moderately well-defined terspersed some shorter setulae; with or frontal triangle extending to base of antennae. without a very short median a setula. T2 In profile, juncture of parafacials and para- with a submedian a and p bristle. F3 with a frontals 0.5 to 0.9 as long as width of third complete row of four to seven av bristles, antennal segment, the parafacials narrowed between which are interspersed some longer to greatest aristal diameter below. Oral and shorter setulae; with about three to five margin not projecting beyond a distance pv bristles on median 0.5, between which are equal to 0.5 of the length of juncture of para- some much shorter but very distinct setulae. facials and parafrontals. Cheeks as high as T3 with a median ad bristle; the preapical d width of third antennal segment. Para- situated midway between the ad and apex frontals with a well-developed anterior and of T3; the preapical ad situated at about its median pair of bristles, and with one or two own length from the apex and is subequal shorter ones between; with a pair of reclinate to the apical av bristle; without a median to posterior bristles. Inner verticals very long submedian av bristle. and strong, subequal to the median para- Wings hyaline, slightly yellowish brown, frontals and anterior ocellars; postocellars the veins yellowish. The posterior incision and outer verticals subequal, about 0.5 of and thumb-like extension similar to those of the length and strength of inner vertical australis Malloch. Posterior cross vein almost bristles. Palpi fuscous, somewhat brownish straight; anterior cross vein situated opposite basally. Antennae fuscous, the second seg- the apical 0.40 of discal cell. Costal setulae ment at apex on inner surface with a reddish and thorns not prominent. Calyptrae con- area overlain with grayish pruinescence. colorous with wings or slightly more whitish. Antennae inserted opposite middle of eyes Halteres fulvous yellow. and extending to opposite their lower level. Abdomen black; yellowish gray pruines- Third segment 2.0 to 2.2 times as long as cent; with an interrupted dc vitta on first second. Longest aristal hairs about 0.5 as four visible tergites, and a pair of distinct long as greatest aristal diameter. lateral brown spots on second to fourth Thorax black; grayish to yellowish gray tergites inclusive. Third and fourth tergites pruinescent; with a median brown vitta with the discal row of bristles well developed, along planes of ac setulae; with or without an subequal in length to apical row on fourth. obscure vitta along planes of dc and ia The lateral shiny brown area on second visi- bristles. The median vitta not continued onto ble tergite prominent, occupying most of the scutellum. Pleura without obvious darkened lateral ventral region. Apical row of setulae 195717YDER:MUS;WAE 459 on first normal, not tufted opposite spot on -file, juncture of parafacials and parafrontals second. The lateral discal bristle on second as long as width of third antennal segment, and third visible tergites and the discal the parafrontals almost obscured below. bristles on fourth arise from prominent, Cheeks 0.75 as high as width of third anten- subshiny, black spots. nal segment. Antennae brownish fuscous, FEMALE: Length, 3.7 to 4.2 mm. Similar to apex of second segment lighter, inserted op- the male, the frontal triangle not so promi- posite dorsal 0.3 of eyes and extending to op- nent. Thorax with the brownish vittae more posite their lower level and almost to the oral prominent. margin. Third antennal segment 3.2 times as Femora with amoreextensive darkened area long as second. Longest aristal hairs as long which occupies most of the median 0.8 of Fl, as greatest aristal diameter. Palpi brownish apical 0.6 of F2, and apical 0.40 to 0.33 of F3. basally, becoming fuscous apically. Ft with the av setulae not quite so long as in Thorax black, grayish to slightly greenish male. F2 with a well-developed median a blue-gray pruinescent, with three very narrow bristle and one or two shorter ones basad; the brown vittae. The pleura concolorous with av bristles shorter than in male. The bristles disc except for the somewhat lighter-colored on F3 shorter but somewhat stouter, as are propleura which is covered with whitish gray the interspersed setulae. pruinescence. Setulae on humeri and anterior *Abdomen with well-defined spots on first declivities of mesonotum normal, rather visible tergite and the interrupted dc series sparse; ac setulae irregularly biseriate pre- somewhat broader and more triangular. Api- suturally, with the prescutellar pair of setulae cal row of bristles on fourth visible tergite not strongly differentiated; ia 2, the anterior very short. pairs longer and stronger than posterior pair; TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "Nova apical scutellars as long as subbasals. Teutonia, Brasil, 270 11' B, 520 23' L, March Legs entirely yellow. Ft with the usual row 10, 1937 (Fritz Plaumann)"; allotype, female, of strong pd bristles; the clothing hairs on same data as type; paratypes: seven males, most of the p surfaces much longer than usual five females, topotypical, March 10, 1937 to and becoming longer and more numerous September 24, 1937, and one female, June 4, ventrally until they almost blend into the 1939 (all Fritz Plaumann); two females, row of long pv bristles; with a row of slender, "V. Padre Monti, Tucuman-Burruyacu, soft, hair-like, av setulae on basal 0.5, which R. A., 17-I to 7-II-1948 (R. Golbach)"; one are about 0.5 or more times as long as di- female, "San Javier, Tucuman, R. A., 21- ameter of Fl where situated, gradually blend- XI-1950 (Dr. Aczel)"; four males, one female, ing into short clothing setulae apically. Ti "Queb. La Toma, Tucuman, R. A., 21-XII- with the median p almost hair-like; the pre- 1950 (R. Golbach)"; one female, "Lacavera, apical mid d at least two times as long as Ti Tucuman, R. A., 23, 28-XI-1951 (R. Gol- diameter; the apical pv as long as Ti diameter bach)"; one male, "Rio Colorado, Tucuman, and the pd scarcely differentiated. F2 with R. A., 22-X-1953 (R. Golbach)." Type in the two a bristles at middle and with three or American Museum of Natural History. four shorter ones basad; a row of four to six The male femora are remarkably shiny, ow- v on basal 0.75 and with many slender, ing to the fact that a portion of a, p, or pd short, av and pv hairs. T2 with a median a surface is devoid of clothing setulae. The and p bristle; apical ad and pd subequal, not femora in females are somewhat grayish much longer than T2 diameter. F3 with four pruinescent, especially on the darkened areas. to six widely spaced av bristles and numerous short, setulose hairs over most of the v sur- Neodexiopsis neomacrocera, new species faces; a strong median pv bristle and one to MALE: Length, 4.4 to 4.8 mm. Head black: three much shorter ones basad. T3 with a grayish pruinescent; the front more yellowish long median ad bristle; the mid d is on apical gray. Frontal triangle well defined, extending 0.2; the preapical ad short. to base of antennae. Front at vertex 0.33 of Wings hyaline, very faintly tinged; veins head width, widened to 0.40 at base of an- brown. Costal thorns and setulae decumbent, tennae. Anterior parafrontals, both pairs of about as long as, or slightly longer than, ocellar and vertical bristles subequal. In pro- costal diameter. Posterior cross vein straight, 460 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 113 inserted slightly basad to middle of first pos- the third antennal segment narrower, being terior cell. Calyptrae concolorous with wings. more than 2.5 times as long as broad, and in Halteres fulvous. having the av bristles on F3 longer than di- Abdomen elliptical-ovoid, slightly longer ameter of F3 where situated. Females of the than thorax. The sides of first two visible two species are not readily separated. tergites fulvous in ground color to a variable extent, the remainder of abdomen fuscous, Neodexiopsis croceafrons, new species all portions grayish pruinescent. With a nar- row, linear, median, brown spot on second to FEMALE: Length, 5.25 to 6.0 mm. Head fourth tergites and a pair of irregular, round, dark, occiput grayish pruinescent; remainder brown spots on second and third. Each of the of head with dense yellow pruinescence; the following bristles arises from a round brown parafacials and ocellar triangle not contrast- spot: the strong ones in the discal and apical ing with frontal vitta, but the ocellar tubercle rows of fourth, and the discal row on third densely brown. Front at vertex 0.37 of head tergites as well as the single lateral discal on width, parallel sided. Inner, outer verticals each side of second tergite. Basal segment of and postocellar bristles subequal, about 0.7 hypopygium well defined in profile, but not to 0.8 as long as anterior ocellars, the latter globular and without strong bristles. subequal to anterior parafrontals. In profile, FEMALE: Length, 5.4 to 5.7 mm. Head as juncture of parafacials and parafrontals as in male, but third antennal segment 2.6 long as width of third antennal segment, the times as long as second and ending more parafacials narrowed below to greatest aristal dorsad of oral margin. Cheeks somewhat diameter. Cheeks as high as width of anten- higher, and the juncture of parafacials and nae. Antennae brownish fuscous, inserted parafrontals not quite so long. opposite dorsal 0.66 of eyes, and terminating Thorax with five brown vittae, the ones in opposite their lower margin; third segment ac and dc planes more diffuse than in male 2.5 times as long as second. Longest hairs on and the prescutellar ac more well developed. arista as long as its greatest diameter. Palpi Legs with tarsi yellowish brown and with a slender; fuscous on apical 0.5, yellow to fuscous brown apical dorsal spot on all F. Fl brownish yellow basad, with a few long ven- without long clothing hairs; the av setulae tral setulae which are about 0.5 as long as shorter and stouter. F2 with the av and pv length of palpi. clothing setulae shorter and stouter. Thorax black; densely bluish gray pruines- Abdominal spots larger and more clearly cent. With a broad, brown stripe in each dc defined; without the row of strong apical plane, which extends mesially midway to ac, bristles on fourth tergite. and laterally almost to ia planes, and pos- TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "La- teriorly to the subbasal bristles on scutellum, cavera, Tucuman, R. A., 23/28-XI-1951 and with another slightly narrower stripe (Aczel y Golbach)"; allotype, female, "Queb. which extends from posthumeral to supra- La Toma, Tucuman, R. A., 21-XII-1950 (R. alar bristle. The upper posterior portion of Golbach)"; paratypes: one male, one female, mesopleura with a subquadrate brown spot. same data as allotype; one female, "Queb. Anterior declivities of mesonotum bare Carnzo, Tucuman, R. A., 18/19-XII-1950 except for a pair of short accessory dc setulae (Golbach)"; two females, "V. Padre Monti, which are situated well ventrad on declivities; Tucuman-Burruyacu, R. A., 17-I/17-II, 1948 humeral setulae normal. With a few irregular (R. Golbach)." pairs of short ac setulae; the prescutellar pair The male paratype has only a limited basal well differentiated; ia 2, strong, subequal; area of first tergite yellow and the hypopyg- apical scutellars as long as subbasals; st in an ium fuscous, as compared to the holotype equilateral triangle. which has the first three visible tergites and Legs fuscous except the narrowly fulvous the entire hypopygium fulvous. to fulvous brown knees and the shiny fulvous This species is similar in general habitus to trochanters. Fl slightly stouter than usual macrocera van der Wulp (1896, p. 344). at base, the pv bristles rather short and stout Males of neomacrocera can be distinguished and with numerous short, stiff setulae on a from it by having the legs entirely yellow, large portion of the v surface; the av surface 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 461 with a complete row of short, stiff setae which triangle complete. Front at vertex 0.37 of are 0.40 to 0.75 as long as diameter of Ti. Ti head width, parallel sided. Juncture of with a median p bristle; the preapical mid parafacials and parafrontals 0.8 as long as d, pd, and pv bristles longer than Ti diam- width of third antennal segment, the para- eter. F2 with two or three short basal bristles facials narrowed to greatest aristal diameter and one stronger a bristle slightly beyond mid- below. Cheeks 1.1 times as high as width of dle; with a complete row of short, stiff av setu- third antennal segment. Anterior ocellar lae which become longer but more widely sepa- bristles longer and stronger than anterior rated towards base; with four or five long pv parafrontals and 2.0 times as long as post- bristles on basal 0.6 to 0.8, the remainder of ocellars; inner and outer verticals small. apical portion of this surface with short, Antennae infuscated, the apex of second stiff setulae comparable to those opposite fulvous gray; inserted opposite dorsal 0.43 them on av surface; and with numerous of eyes and extending to opposite their lower shorter, but stiff, v setulae at base. T2 with a margin; third segment 2.4 times as long as submedian a and p bristle; the apical pd second; apex of third not modified. Longest slightly longer than tibial diameter; the a to aristal hairs as long as greatest aristal di- ad absent or scarcely differentiated. F3 with ameter. Palpi fuscous, becoming gradually four to six av and pv bristles on basal 0.60 subclavate apically and with short, dark to 0.75 and with a preapical pv opposite the setulae. terminal one in the ad row; the v surfaces with Thorax dark, gray pruinescent, with three numerous short, stiff setulae. T3 with a moderately broad, brown stripes, the median median ad and pd bristle opposite each other; one extending onto base of scutellum and the the mid d at apical 0.2, and the shorter lateral ones extending from posthumeral to preapical ad almost midway between it and anterior ia bristle. Setulae on humeri and apex of T3. Tarsal claws and pulvilli promi- anterior declivities of mesonotum normal; nent, as long as fifth tarsal segments. ac setulae biseriate, the prescutellar pair well Wings hyaline. Costal thorns and setulae defined; ia 2; apical scutellars strong. about as long as costal diameter, but not un- Coxae, tarsi, Fl except apex, and dorsal usually prominent. Posterior cross vein very apical 0.25 of Fl and F3 fuscous, remainder slightly curved, inserted only slightly basad of legs fulvous except tibiae which are some- to middle of first posterior cell. Calyptrae what brownish fulvous. Fl normal, the av white. Halteres yellow. setulae very slightly spinose, but only slightly Abdomen dark, with dense bluish gray longer than adjacent clothing setulae. TI with pruinescence; the apical 0.5 of fourth tergite preapical mid d, apical pd, and pv subequal, bright orange and joining a transverse, seal- longer than Ti diameter, F2 with a strong brown pruinescent band. Second and third median a, a complete row of very short av, tergites with a complete median brown vitta four to seven v to pv bristles on basal 0.75. which merges with the transverse band on T2 with a submedian a and p bristle, the fourth; with a pair of subquadrate brown apical ad not differentiated, and the pd at spots on second and third tergites. least as long as T2 diameter. F3 with an ir- TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, female, "Nova regular row of long and short av and pv Teutonia, Brasil, 270 11' B, 520 23' L, 7-X- setulae, the longest only slightly longer than 1937 (Fritz Plaumann)," in the American height of F3 where situated. T3 with a long Museum of Natural History; paratype, one median, and a much shorter preapical, ad female, "Tafi del Valle, Tucuman, R. A., 6, bristle, the mid d as long as median ad and 12-XII-1947 (R. Golbach)." inserted on the apical 0.25 to 0.33. The distinctly yellow front and face, Wings hyaline, with a faint brownish brown-striped thorax, and orange-tipped yellow tinge. Costal thorns and setulae shorter abdomen should easily distinguish this species than costal diameter. Posterior cross vein from others. very slightly curved. Calyptrae white; halteres pale yellow. Neodexiopsis clavacula, new species Abdomen dark, yellowish gray pruinescent, FEMALE: Length, 4.3 mm. Head black, with a short, median, linear basal spot and a grayish to yellowish gray pruinescent; ocellar pair of large, round, brown lateral apical 462 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 113 spots on all tergites, but those on second and developed, the pd about as long as T2 diam- third largest. eter. F3 with two strong av bristles on apical TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, female, "V. 0.4 and a few much shorter ones basad, the Padre Monti, Tucuman-Burruyacu, R. A., apical one situated opposite terminal one in 17-I-7-II-1948 (R. Golbach)." ad row; with two to four widely separated, long, pv bristles, clothing setulae on v sur- Neodexiopsis rava, new species faces short and stiff, and with three to four pv FEMALE: Length, 5.3 mm. Head black; on basal 0.66 to 0.75. T3 with a long ad and grayish pruinescent. Ocellar triangle reaching a shorter submedian av bristle; a longer pre- to base of antennae. Front at vertex 0.3 of apical mid d and a shorter subapical ad; with- head width, face and front of equal width out a median pd bristle. throughout. In profile, juncture of para- Wings brownish hyaline. Costal setulae not facials and parafrontals only slightly pro- distinctive. Posterior cross vein straight, jecting; parafacials slightly narrowed below, about as long as ultimate section of fifth vein clearly visible along their entire length. which reaches wing margin. Calyptrae yellow- Cheeks about two times as high as greatest ish hyaline. Halteres yellow to fulvous. aristal diameter. Parafrontals with two short Abdomen black; grayish pruinescent. Sec- anterior pairs of bristles, a very long median ond to fourth tergites with an indistinct and a moderately long, reclinate posterior brownish median vitta, the second with a pair pair which are inserted somewhat anterior to of indistinct brown spots and third with more the level of anterior ocellus. Anterior ocellar distinct spots at middle of tergum laterad bristles rather weak, 0.50 to 0.67 as long and the vitta; the four strong discal bristles on strong as the posterior reclinate parafrontals, fourth tergite arise from brown spots. and slightly shorter than the divergent pos- TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, female, "Tafi terior ocellars which are, in turn, subequal del Valle, Tucuman, R. A., 6, 12-XII-1947 to outer vertical bristles. Anterior para- (Golbach)"; paratype: female, same data as frontals 1.10 to 1.25 as long as anterior type. ocellars. Antennae fuscous, inserted opposite dorsal 0.33 of eyes; third segment 2.2 times Neodexiopsis sima, new species as long as second. Basal 0.25 of third segment MALE: Length, 2.3 mm. Head black; front and apex of second fulvous brown. Base of grayish pruinescent; parafrontals very nar- arista brownish, not abnormally enlarged; the row and scarcely distinguishable from the longest hairs shorter than greatest aristal unicolorous vitta; the frontal triangle not diameter. Palpi brown. differentiated. Face and parafacials velvety, Thorax black; gray pruinescent, with three seal brown pruinescent. The anterior portion narrow brown vittae. Setulae on humeri and of the very narrow cheeks subshiny black; anterior declivities of mesonotum normal; remainder of cheeks and occiput grayish the accessory presut dc short but distinct, and pruinescent. Front at vertex 0.31 of head slightly longer than the well-developed, bi- width, narrowed to 0.26 at base of antennae. seriate ac; the prescutellar pair of ac setulae Juncture of parafacials and parafrontals al- slightly longer than the others; ia 2; apical most obscured in profile. Cheeks 0.7 as high scutellar bristle strong, equal to subbasals. as width of third antennal segment. Para- Legs yellow, tarsi somewhat fulvous brown frontals with a strong anterior and median and with a brownish d to pd cloud on Ft and bristle, and with two to three very short at apex of F2 and F3. Ti with a median p hairs between; outer vertical and postocellar bristle, the apical d and pd subequal, slightly bristles subequal; almost 0.5 as long as inner longer than pv, the former distinctly longer verticals and several times as long as the than Ti diameter. F2 with a long, strong a setulae in postocular row; anterior ocellars bristle at, or slightly beyond, middle and with 1.3 times as long and strong as postocellars. four to six shorter ones on basal 0.4, the Antennae black, rather short, inserted oppo- terminal one in this series distinctly longer site the widest portion of eyes (dorsal 0.38) than others. T2 with a submedian a and p and reaching to opposite their lower 0.2; bristle, the apical d and ad very short, or un- third segment 1.8 times as long as second; the 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 463 former with a short, spinular process at apex and base of third antennal segments slightly anteriorly. Arista almost bare; very gradually reddish. thickened at base. Palpi black. Thorax with a narrow brown shadow in ac Thorax black; bluish gray pruinescent and and dc plane. With a long and short humeral without trace of vittae. With only one or two bristle and with two pairs of presut ac setulae. presut ac clothing hairs and with three or four Legs colored as in male, but tarsi darker postsut pairs, other clothing setulae on disc of apically. F2 with the bristles shorter and less thorax absent. Scutellum with apical and sub- prominent. T2 with a strong median ad basal bristles long, subequal; with six to eight bristle. F3 with the ad and av row of bristles dorsal clothing setulae. The single humeral of normal length and strength and with a bristle very short; ia 2, both short and similar pv row on basal 0.75. T3 with three slender, 0.5 the length of the postsut dc widely separated ad and pd bristles on the bristles. median 0.75; the median ones in this series Coxae, trochanters, and femora black, longest, and the more apical ones in the pd tibiae and tarsi yellow. T1 with a median p series shortest; with a strong median av bristle, the apical d, pd, and pv bristles sub- bristle. Apical bristles on T3 as in male. equal and longer than Ti diameter. F2 with Abdomen with a narrowly incomplete, the av and a clothing setulae slightly longer median, brown vitta, and irregularly paired than usual, and with three to four very long, spots on third and fourth tergites. The slender, v and pv bristles. T2 with a short bristles in the discal row on fourth tergite median p. F3 with the bristles in the ad row arise from round, brown spots. longer and more hair-like than usual, their TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "San apices somewhat curled; those of apical 0.4 Javier, Tucuman, R. A., 21-X-1950 (Aczel)"; to 0.5 of av surface similar, but the setae on allotype, female, "La Paz, Entre Rios, R. A., basal portion short and straight; pv surface 14-XI-1949 (Dr. Aczel)." with only short hairs. T3 with three of four The median portion of the one mid tibia slender, widely separated ad bristles, one or still present on the type is somewhat ob- two of the basal ones slightly curled apically, scured by the fore tarsus. The mid tibiae must and with numerous long, curly, av to v hairs; therefore be viewed from an angle, and as the pv and p surfaces with the usual very near as I can determine there is no median short, decumbent, clothing setulae; with three ad bristle, nor is the scar of its insertion to five slender d, of which one at middle and present. one on basal 0.25 are longer and stronger than The presence of a spinular process at apex the others. The apical ad, mid d, and pd on of third antennal segment, and an apical ad, about the same transverse plane, the apical mid d, and pd bristle on the same transverse pd somewhat longer than the ad, and all three plane on T3, will distinguish this species apical bristles are at least three or more times from other Neotropical Neodexiopsis. The as long as tibial diameter. Tarsal claws and presence of an apical ad bristle on T3 in the pulvilli very small, but distinguishable. same transverse plane as the pd is found in Wings hyaline. Costal thorns and setulae only a few species of Limosia, Spathiphero- short. Third and fourth veins divergent myia, and Angolia, but none of the species in apically. Posterior cross vein straight, in- these genera known to me has the mid d serted distinctly basad to middle of first bristle on this same apical transverse plane. posterior cell. Calyptrae white, the lower one at least two times as long as the upper one. Neodexiopsis cirratipila, new species Halteres pale yellow. MALE: Length, 3.8 mm. Head black; Abdomen black; densely bluish gray prui- grayish pruinescent. The frontal triangle nescent; unmarked, although some of the complete, somewhat brownish opposite ocelli; larger bristles arise from dark, basal spots. remainder of frontal vitta velvety black. Basal hypopygial segment distinct in profile, Front at vertex 0.37 of head width, parallel but not globular. sided. In profile, juncture of parafacials and FEMALE: Length, 3.4 mm. Similar to the parafrontals as long as width of the broad male. Anterior part of front, apex of second, third antennal segment; parafacials narrowed 464 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 1 13 to 0.25 of this distance. Cheeks 0.66 to 0.75 tergites longer and more hair-like than usual. as high as width of third antennal segment. The hypopygium not conspicuously project- Anterior ocellars stronger than postocellars ing. Processes of fifth sternite short, and and anterior parafrontal. Inner and outer without distinct hairs or setulae. verticals small. The dark antennae inserted FEMALE: Length, 4.5 mm. Similar to the opposite the dorsal 0.31 of eye and reaching male, but bristles on head, especially the to oral margin, and slightly below the lower verticals, longer and stronger. Antennae margin of eyes; third segment 5.2 times as shorter, not quite reaching to opposite long as second. Arista inserted very close to lower margin of eye; the third segment 4.25 base of third segment; the longest hairs as times as long as second. long as greatest aristal diameter. Palpi fus- The basal 0.25 of F2, F3, and Ti fulvous, cous. remainder of Ti and entire T2 and T3 Thorax black, grayish pruinescent; with brownish; remaining portion of legs fuscous. five brown vittae, the median one extending F2 with one strong median a, but with two or onto base of scutellum. Setulae on humeri three shorter ones basad. F3 with three or and anterior declivities of mesonotum nor- four moderately strong, widely separated av, mal; ac setulae biseriate; ia 2; apical scutel- and four to five pv bristles. T3 without long, lars strong. curly d setulae or a median pd bristle; the Tip of Fl, basal 0.50 to 0.66 of F2, and preapical pd slender and shorter than the pre- basal 0.66 of F3 fulvous, the T fulvous apical ad; the mid d longer than either pre- basally, grading into brown apically; re- apical or apical bristle and somewhat more mainder of legs fuscous. Fl normal. Ti with basally situated; the a to av bristle as in male. a median p bristle; the apical pd and pv 1.5 Abdomen with dorsal marks more diffuse to 2.0 times as long as Ti diameter, and 0.75 and without a fringe of long hairs on ventral as long as the preapical mid d. F2 with two portion of third and fourth tergites. median a bristles and three to five v to pv TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "V. on basal 0.75. T2 with an apical ad, d, and pd Padre Monti, Tucuman-Burruyacu, R. A., bristle which are distinctly longer than T2 17-1/7-II, 1948 (R. Golbach)"; allotype, fe- diameter, the submedian ad distinctly longer male, same data as type. and more apically situated than the pd. The type was inadvertently damaged after F3 without well-defined av bristles, with a few the preceding description was prepared. The slender pv setulae which are about as long as hind legs and abdomen are therefore attached diameter of F3 where situated. T3 with the to the specimens by glue. clothing setulae on ad to pd surfaces long, curly, and about 0.25 as long as T3 and 0.5 Neodexiopsis rufitibia (Stein) of the length of the median ad and pd bristle; Coenosia tibialis STEIN, 1897, Berliner Ent. with a median bristle about midway between Zeitschr., vol. 42, p. 275. Homonym. a and av planes; with a very long preapical Coenosia rufitibia STEIN, 1917, Arch. f. Natur- ad and pd bristle, the ad distinctly more api- gesch., ser. A, vol. 83, p. 161. cally situated, and the mid d inserted about Coenosia (Neodexiopsis) rifitibia HUCKETT, 1934, midway between transverse planes of these Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 60, p. 78. two bristles. This is the most widely distributed species Wings hyaline, costal thorns and setulae of the genus. The Miguel Lillo collection inconspicuous; posterior cross vein very contains upward of 100 specimens from slightly bowed basally at middle. Calyptrae various localities in Tucuman. Other speci- whitish, hyaline. Halteres fulvous yellow. mens before me indicate its distribution to Abdomen cylindrical, about as long as include Paraguay, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, thorax, dark, cinereous gray pruinescent and Panama, and most of the eastern portion of with expansive paired, subquadrate, brown the United States. spots on first to fourth tergites; those on first There is a closely allied but apparently and fourth smaller than those on second and different species in Puerto Rico and another third, and with an elongate brown median in Guatemala which will be described else- stripe on the latter. In profile, the apical where. It is quite possible that there are setulae on ventral 0.5 of third and fourth other closely allied species to be found in the 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 465 high altitudes of other parts of the Neo- cent. Front at vertex 0.55 of head width, tropical region, and all may be a cline, sensu scarcely narrower at base of antennae. Para- Huxley. frontals not clearly differentiated from frontal Though compared to cirratipila in the vitta; with the usual long and short bristles foregoing key, rufitibia is not closely allied, in the anterior series and with one or two differing especially in the leg bristling of the short accessory setulae anteriorly, and with a male, and in leg color and general habitus in single reclinate pair of posterior parafrontal the female. bristles. In profile, parafacials and para- GENUS LIMOSIA RO8INEAu-DESVO1DY frontals distinct, their juncture as long as width of third antennal segment; the para- Limosia ROBINEAu-DESVOIDY, 1830, Mem. facials scarcely narrowed below. Acad. Roy. Soc. France, vol. 2, p. 535. Cheeks 0.4 Coenosia (Limosia), HUCKETT, 1934, Trans. as high as length of third antennal segment Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 40, p. 133. and 1.25 times higher than minimum distance Coenosia Meigen, STEIN, 1911, Arch. f. Natur- from vibrissae to the nearest portion of eye. gesch., ser. A, vol. 77, p. 156 (in part). MALLOCH, With one or two accessory bristles adjacent 1934, Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile, pt. to the vibrissae. Antennae black, apex of 7, fasc. 2, p. 217 (in part). second segment somewhat reddish fulvous; Austrocoenosia MALLOCH, 1934, loc. cit. (in antennae inserted opposite the widest por- part). tion of eye (dorsal 0.37); arista thickened on The species described below is difficult to basal 0.16 to 0.22 bare or with minute pubes- assign to either Coenosia or Austrocoenosia if cence which is much shorter than greatest Malloch's concept is followed, because of the aristal diameter. Palpi long and slender, presence of a weak median pd bristle on T3. black. As noted in the discussion of Neodexiopsis, Thorax black, densely yellowish gray the presence or absence of this bristle is a pruinescent, not vittate. Ac setulae ir- sexual character in several widespread Neo- regularly biseriate; with a distinct accessory tropical species. The arrangement of bristles dc setula anterior to base of the presut dc at the apex of F3 is more valuable for the bristle; ia 2; posterior ntpl bristle shorter and division of Coenosia, sensu Stein, into more more slender than the anterior one. natural groups than is the median pd on T3. Legs black, apices of femora and entire The genotype of Austrocoenosia Malloch, tibiae and basal four tarsal segments yellow. nigerimma Malloch, lacks the characteristic Ti with a median p, the apical pd bristle F3 arrangement of apical bristles of Neo- very short, scarcely differentiated. F2 with dexiopsis and is, in my opinion, congeneric one or two median a, two to three av on with Limosia. For this reason the following basal 0.33 and three to five pv bristles on species is described in Limosia. basal 0.5 or more. T2 with a submedian ad There is a nomenclatural problem involved and pd bristle, the apical p to pv bristle vari- in the use of the name Limosia for the group able in strength. F3 with some long, widely as here treated. Ethiopian species of this re- separated av and pv bristles on basal 0.67 to stricted group have been treated under the 0.75. T3 with a well-developed submedian name Coenosia by van Emden who presents ad and av bristle; one of the median pd cloth- (1940, pp. 145, 154) reasons for accepting this ing setulae sometimes longer than the ad- name. On the other hand, Huckett (1934, pp. jacent ones, but not so long as the other 62, 134) has also presented valid reasons for median bristles; the apical mid d and ad accepting Limosia. The final solution of the bristles long, subequal and on the same trans- question of which name is to be used may verse plane, without a distinct preapical to well necessitate an opinion by the Interna- apical pd bristle. Pulvilli and claws long and tional Congress on Zoological Nomenclature. prominent. Wings pale yellowish brown hyaline; costal Limosia tarsata, new species thorn and setulae distinct. Third and fourth MALE: Length, 4.75 mm. Head black; in veins subparallel, but slightly curved pos- frontal view, the front, face, and cheeks uni- teriorly on their apical portion. Posterior formly yellowish gray pruinescent; in profile, cross vein almost straight, inserted well basad back of head grayish to blackish gray pruines- of middle of first posterior cell. Calyptrae 466 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 113 concolorous with wings. Halteres pale yellow. certain authors to place Azelia close to, if not Abdomen subcylindrical, black, yellowish in, the Mydaeini. gray pruinescent, unspotted. Hypopygium Males of Azelia are readily distinguished prominent in profile. Superior forceps fused from those of Fannia in having the anterior medially, long, slender, and shiny black. (inner) tarsal claw on the forelegs distinctly Fifth sternite prominent in profile, processes longer and stronger than the posterior (outer) not unusually elongate, nor with unusual one. Females of the two genera are not readily bristling. separated except on the basis of the curvature FEMALE: Length, 4.25 to 5.0 mm. Similar of the seventh wing vein and presence or to the male. Trochanters and apices of F2 and absence of an outwardly directed, median, F3 fulvous on apical 0.25 to 0.33. The long parafrontal bristle. If extended, the seventh ventral hairs on mid coxae and at apex of vein would bisect the sixth (if likewise ex- sternopleura longer and more prominent than tended) well beyond its actual termination in male. Fourth visible tergite distinctly and close to the wing margin in Azelia, while elongate. in Fannia the intersection of the seventh with TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "Lago the sixth vein would be quite close to the Argentina, Santa Cruz, R. A., 13-I-1953 (Dr. actual apex of the sixth vein. The front in Willink)"; allotype, female, and paratype, females of Azelia lacks the characteristic pair one female, same data as type. of outwardly directed, median, parafrontal The black fifth tarsal segment in contrast bristles present in Fannia. to the fulvous four basal ones will separate Females of Azelia differ from those of this species from other species known to me. Spilogona, Ophyra, and most Mydaeinae This character also separates it from Coenosia with which they might possibly be confused iniqua Stein (1911, p. 175) to which it will in having a distinct pair of cruciate inter- trace in his key. frontal bristles. The short median pd setulae on T3 makes it This is an uncommon genus in collections, difficult to place tarsata in either Coenosia or and to my knowledge it has not previously Austrocoenosia, sensu Malloch. In his key been recorded from the Neotropical region. to Coenosia, tarsata comes closest to chaetosa The relatively large area of enlarged eye Malloch (1934, p. 212), but the shorter para- facets, dark body color, and extreme sexual frontal bristles, the unicolorous mesonotum dimorphism in leg bristling suggest that and abdomen, the color of the tarsi, and the Azelia may have either crepuscular or noc- shape of hypopygium will separate it from turnal habits, or is confined to dense forest chaetosa. If the median pd setulae on T3 is shade where these structural modifications assumed to be a distinct bristle, then tarsata might be valuable for the perpetuation of the will trace to Austrocoenosia, but cannot be species. associated with any species included in Azelia neotropica, new species Malloch's key to species of that genus. MALE: Length, 3.5 mm. Entire insect black in ground color. Head with dull brownish SUBFAMILY FANNIINAE pruinescence. Front at its narrowest part less GENUS AZELIA ROBINEAU-DESVOIDY than 0.5 as wide as diameter of anterior Azelia ROBINEAU-DESVOIDY, 1830, Mem. Acad. ocellus; the frontal area dorsad to the base Roy. Soc. France, vol. 2, p. 592. STEIN, 1916, of antennae about as large as ocellar tubercle. Arch. f. Naturgesch., ser. A, vol. 81, p. 82; 1917, Parafrontals with a single pair of anterior ibid., ser. A, vol. 83, P. 91. SEGUY, 1923, Faune de bristles and one or two pairs of very short, France, Diptera anthomyides, pt. 6, pl. 71. fine hairs on the contiguous portion which are KARL, 1928, Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Diptera, shorter and finer than setulae in postocular Muscidae, pt. 13, p. 252. row and difficult to distinguish except when The closest affinities of this genus are with head is viewed in profile. In profile, eyes very Fannia, as indicated by Stein's (1916) key. large and obscuring parafacials and para- However, the seventh wing vein is not so frontals; the cheeks distinctly higher ad- strongly curved forward in Azelia as in jacent to the vibrissae than at a point oppoi Fannia and its relatives, which may have led site the lowest extension of eyes. Antennae 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 467 inserted opposite the median 0.4 to 0.6 of velvety black. The narrow parafrontals eyes and extending to opposite the lower 0.25 slightly grayish pruinescent, with one an- to 0.20; arista bare. Eyes bare; the facets terior and two posterior pairs of bristles but on the dorsal 0.5 enlarged. without clothing setulae laterad to them. Thorax, when viewed from behind, with the Posterior margin of the dark anterior anterior presut and postsut portion velvety mesonotal area very irregular or jagged. F2 black pruinescent; the posterior postsut por- without a short v bristle and T3 without the tion light brown and its border with the dark series of short, upright, ad clothing setulae. anterior postsut portion transverse and well Wings and calyptrae more hyaline than in defined; scutellum black, but with a limited the male and less intensively colored. Abdo- light brown apical area. Dc 2:3, the posterior men greased in the female specimens. postsut dc bristle situated well anterior to an TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "Queb. extremely short fourth dc setula which is in a Carnzo, Tucuman, R. A., 18-19-XII-1951 transverse line with a very much reduced pair (R. Golbach)"; allotype, female, and para- of prescutellar ac setulae; pra absent; with- types: six males, same data as type; one male, out accessory setulae adjacent to ntpl bristles. "V. Padre Monti, Burruyacu, Tucuman, Mesonotal and scutellar clothing setulae R. A., 17-I-7-11-1946 (R. Golbach)"; one very short and sparse; st 1: 1. Propleura, male, one female, "Queb. La Toma, Tucu- prosternum, pteropleura, and all portions of man, R. A., 21-XII-1950 (R. Golbach)"; one hypopleura bare; anterior and posterior male, "Lacavera, Tucuman, R. A., 23/28- spiracles very small. XI-1951 (Aczel y Golbach)." Ti without median bristles. F2 with a very The closest relative of neotropica is the short, slender, v to pv setula on basal 0.25 Palaearctic triquetra (Weidemann). Males and with a few short hairs basad; none of the of these two species differ as follows: usual rows of setulae long or distinct. T2 with- Fourth fore tarsal segment with a pair of dorsal out median bristles. F3 with one or two pre- apical bristles which are 1.2 to 2.0 times as long apical av bristles, remainder of av and entire as the fourth segment; the anterior (inner) fore pv surface with only the usual short clothing tarsal claws slightly clavate apically; the pos- setulae. T3 with one very short submedian av terior (outer) claws shorter, and sharp pointed; bristle and one short apical av, the interven- calyptrae very dark brown; F2 with a short, ing space without bristles, the ad surface with weak, v bristle which is shorter than diameter 12 to 18 very short, slender, upright hairs of F2 where situated and without a row of long which are not longer than 0.8 of tibial diam- pv hairs. T3 with a short, submedian, ab bristle (Argentina) . . . . . neotropica, new species eter, the other surfaces with only the usual Fourth fore tarsal segment with apical dorsal short, decumbent, clothing setulae. setulae short, not more than 0.9 as long as the Wings dark brown, slightly hyaline. Third length of the fourth tarsal segment; anterior and fourth veins subparallel apically; pos- (inner) fore tarsal claws, though longer than terior cross vein slightly curved; seventh vein the posterior (outer) claws, are pointed api- distinctly but gradually curved forward, so cally; calyptrae light brown; F2 with one, or oc- that it would bisect the short sixth (if ex- casionally two, strong, blunt-tipped, v bristles tended) only near the wing margin. Anal area on basal 0.25 and with a complete row of long, well developed. Calyptrae brownish black. slender, pv, bristle-like hairs; T3 without a short Halteres fuscous to fuscous brown. median av bristle (Europe) . Abdomen, viewed posteriorly, with dense ...... triquetra (Wiedemann) pale brown pruinescence and with a deep, SUBFAMILY PHAONIINAE brownish black, subtriangular, median spot on basal 0.67 to 0.75 of second to fourth GENUS BUCEPHALOMYIA MALLocH visible tergites inclusive, and an irregular spot Bucephalomyia MALLOCH, 1918, Trans. Amer. on each side of them. Ent. Soc., vol. 44, p. 273. HUCKETT, 1932, Jour. FEMALE: Length, 3.5 mm. Similar in New York Ent. Soc., vol. 40, p. 49. general color to male. Front parallel sided, Bucephalomyia has the node (juncture of 0.3 of head width. Frontal triangle light second and third wing veins) setulose, and the brown and extending to base of cruciate inter- third and fourth veins convergent apically frontal bristles; remainder of frontal vitta as ....in Limnophora. The eyes of the male are 468 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 1 13
widely separated as in Syllimnophora, but Thorax black, grayish pruinescent; viewed the first vein is bare, the head in profile is from behind with a narrow median fuscous slightly higher than long, and T3 lacks an vitta, and a much broader one between the apical ad bristle. Weak prosternal hairs are dc and ia plane of bristles, but the margins of often present. the latter not sharply defined. Pleurae grayish Until now only a single species, the geno- pruinescent, without distinct markings. Ac type, femorata Malloch (1913, p. 603), which 0: 1; dc 2:4, short and only the posterior occurs in the southwestern portion of the postsut pair well developed; ia 2, both very United States has been known. The species short; pra absent; ntpls 2, without setulae described below will trace to this genus in adjacent to base of either. St 1:2, the lower Huckett's treatment of limnophorine sub- posterior one subequal to the anterior one genera (genera as herein used), and I can see and closer to the posterior than to the an- no reason to place it elsewhere. Males of the terior bristle. two species can be separated as follows: Legs black. Fl normal. Ti without F3 with a fasciculus of short spines at base of v median bristles, but with a weak apical d surface; apex of hind coxae with two stubby and pv. F2 with a row of fine v setulae which
spines below ...... femorata (Malloch) are scarcely as long as height of femora F3 without a fasciculus of short spines at base of v where situated, without apical bristles on surface; apex of hind coxae without stubby any of the a surfaces, but with a single spines below ...... aczeli, new species strong apical p. T2 with one median p. F3 with a complete row of av which are dis- Bucephalomyia aczeli, new species tinctly longer than height of F3, the pv sur- MALE: Length, 3.5 mm. Head black, gray- face without distinct bristles or setulae. T3 ish pruinescent. Frontal vitta, viewed an- without bristles except a short one at apex of teriorly, with sparse gray pruinescence; the pv surface. Tarsi about as long as their re- yellow to brownish pruinescent frontal tri- spective tibiae, not unusually modified. Pul- angle is almost as wide as frontal vitta at its villi and claws very small. base and extends to base of antennae. Front Wings hyaline. Costal thorns and setulae at vertex 0.33 of head width, gradually scarcely distinguishable. Fourth wing vein narrowed to 0.28 at base of antennae. With gradually curved forward apically. Posterior two or three pairs of inwardly curved para- cross vein very slightly curved. Anterior cross frontal bristles and a short but somewhat vein inserted opposite apical 0.66 of discal stronger posterior pair which are postero- cell. Calyptrae, including marginal fringe, laterally directed. The parafacials and upper white. Halteres yellow. 0.5 of parafrontals with numerous short hairs, Abdomen black, grayish pruinescent. First those of parafacials somewhat longer and visible tergite black; second and third with a more forwardly directed than those on para- median gray spot and another on basolateral frontals. Inner and outer vertical bristles corners; fourth grayish pruinescent, with an slightly longer than anterior parafrontal indistinct brownish vitta. Abdominal bristles bristles, and the anterior and posterior short, and with only a series of weak ones at ocellar bristles distinctly shorter. Juncture of middle and apex of fourth tergite. Viewed parafacials and parafrontals almost as long as in profile, the abdomen is dorsoventrally width of third antennal segment; the para- thickened and somewhat recurved. The facials narrowed to 0.5 of this width below. fourth tergite distinctly higher than long. Face somewhat concave in profile. Antennae Basal sternite bare, others subquadrate, black, inserted opposite dorsal 0.33 of eyes with moderately long clothing setulae. Basal and extending to opposite their lower 0.14; hypopygial segment normal, preapical one third antennal segment broad and 3.5 times elongate, subshiny apically. Superior forceps as long as the normally shaped second. Arista L-shaped. Inferior forceps with numerous bare, gradually thickened on basal 0.33 to long bristles and setulae which are almost as 0.40. Cheeks less than 0.5 of the width of long as the dorsoventral height of the fourth third antenal segment. Palpi black, some- tergite. what slender, and as long as the shiny pre- TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "San apical section of proboscis. Javier, Tucuman, R. A., 21-X-1905 (Aczel)"; 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 469 paratypes: one male, "Queb. La Toma, parafrontals. Eyes bare, the facets somewhat Tucuman, R. A., 21-XII-1950 (R. Golbach)"; enlarged adjacent to middle of front. An- two males, "Lacavera, 23-28-XI-1951 (Aczel tennae black; inserted opposite middle of y Golbach)." eyes and extending to opposite their lower margin; third segment 2.0 to 2.5 times as GENUS SPILOGONA SCHNABL AND DZIEDZICKI long as second. Arista bare or with very short Limnophora (Spilogona) SCHNABL AND DZIE- setulae which are visible only under high DZICKI, 1911, Abhandl. K. Leopoldinisch-Caroli- magnification and are not so long as basal nischen Deutschen Akad. Naturf., vol. 95, pp. 141, diameter of arista. Proboscis with sparse 152. COLLIN, 1921, Ent. Monthly Mag., ser. 3, grayish pruinescence. vol. 7, pp. 97, 162; 1930, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, Thorax black, with very sparse brownish vol. 78, p. 257. HUCKETT, 1932, Jour. New York pruinescence, not vittate. The long ac setulae Ent. Soc., vol. 40, p. 56. irregularly biseriate and with a short pair of This genus, as redefined by Collin and prescutellar bristles; dc 2:4; ia 2, occasionally Huckett, has not previously been recorded with a short intermediate bristle. Scutellar as such from South America, though un- setulae not descending below level of mar- doubtedly several species included in Limno- ginals; st 1:1 to 1:3, the ventral one or two phora by Stein (1911) belong here. posterior bristles, if present, much shorter Spilogona will trace to the fourth couplet than the strong dorsal posterior one. Meso- in Malloch's (1934, p. 280) key to genera of pleura without a short predorsal setula be- Phaoniinae, and the following couplets will tween the strong bristles in the posterior row. separate Neotropical species of it from Opercula of thoracic spiracles fuscous. Lispoides and Gymnodia. Wings strongly tinged with brown, some- 1. Eyes large in profile and occupying most of the what more intense along the costal margin, head, thereby almost obscuring cheeks, para- but the wings not divided into a strong costal frontals, and parafacials; abdominal marks cloud and a lighter posterior portion. Costal arcuate; T3 without an apical ad bristle thorns and setulae scarcely distinguishable; ...... Gymnodia Robineau-Desvoidy other veins bare. Third and fourth sub- Eyes in profile not unusually large, at least the parallel, or very slightly convergent. Calyp- cheeks and usually the parafrontals distinct; trae, including the fringe, deep brown, but abdominal marks not arcuate; T3 with a short but distinct apical ad bristle . . . . 2 sometimes the upper calyptra paler than the 2. Basal abdominal sternite always setulose; eyes lower. Knobs of halteres pale yellow, the stalk of male usually separated by twice the dis- somewhat darker. tance across posterior ocelli inclusive Legs black, the knees somewhat brownish...... Lispoides Malloch Ti without median bristles. F2 without apical Basal abdominal sternite usually bare, but, if a bristles, but with a row of p setulae which setulose, then eyes of male subcontiguous or are longest preapically; with a series of four separated by less than twice the distance to five rather short, v, bristle-like setulae on across posterior ocelli inclusive . basal 0.33. T2 with one median p. F3 with . . . . Spilogona Schnabl and Dziedzicki two or three moderately strong av bristles on apical 0.25 to 0.33, the remainder of av sur- Spilogona golbachi, new species face with very short setulae which are MALE: Length, 4.5 to 5.0 mm. Head black, scarcely distinguishable from the clothing obscurely gray pruinescent. In profile, eyes setulae; pv surface bare. T3 with one median very large dorsoventrally. Only the cheeks ad and av bristle; apically with only a short distinct.... and these about as high as width of but distinct ad and av bristle. third antennal segment. The head as high as Abdomen black, brownish gray pruines- wide in frontal view. Front at middle not so cent. Base of first visible tergite black, but wide as diameter of anterior ocellus, and at with a distinct apical brownish pruinescent base not wider than distance across posterior band; the second with a pair of dark marks, ocelli inclusive. Parafrontals with about four their inner margins parallel sided and lateral to five pairs of bristles which become shorter extremities extending only to the lateral 0.25 posteriorly and do not extend beyond the of dorsum of tergite; the third with the dark contiguous portion of the extremely narrow spots smaller, but of similar shape to those on 470 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 113 second; fourth with an indistinct pair of dark ocellars, inner and outer vertical bristles spots at middle. Basal sternite bare. short, subequal. Juncture of parafacials and FEMALE: Length, 4.0 to 5.5 mm. Similar parafrontals 1.5 times as long as width of to the male, differing in having the front at third antennal segment; the parafacials vertex about 0.33 of head width, parallel narrowed below. Oral margin not protruding. sided. The parafacials and parafrontals Cheeks about as high as length of third an- grayish pruinescent. Viewed from in front, tennal segment, and with numerous moder- the frontal vitta velvety black, but with a ately short bristles along ventral margin, brownish pruinescent frontal triangle which and with two or three short bristles adjacent extends anteriorly only 0.33 of the length of to the vibrissae. Antennae black, inserted front. Parafrontals with about four pairs of opposite middle of eyes and not quite reach- posterior bristles which are posterolaterally ing to opposite their ventral margin; third directed. segment only slightly longer than second. Thorax, when viewed from behind, with Palpi black; slender, and about as long as somewhat more distinct brownish pruines- apical section of proboscis. Eyes bare. cence than in male and with traces of four Thorax black; dorsum with dense silvery subconfluent black vittae. gray pruinescence and with indications of Wings not so distinctly brownish tinged. four indistinct bluish presut vittae; the The disc of calyptrae whitish, the margins postsut portion and pleura almost black, very light brown to yellow and darkest along except for a variable grayish pruinescent inner margin of the lower scale. portion at middle of sternopleura. The presut Abdominal spots larger and not so well ac setulae irregular, covering the entire area defined as in male. Ovipositor with two or between dc planes, but with a distinct pre- three short spines on cerci. scutellar pair of bristles; dc 2:4, subequal; ia TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "Queb. 2. Scutellar setulae numerous and reaching to La Toma, Tucuman, R. A., 21-XII-1950 middle of lateral declivities; st 1:1, but with (R. Golbach)"; allotype, female, same data several short posterior bristles which are sub- as type; paratypes: four males, seven females, equal to the shortest bristles in the meso- same data as type; one male, six females, pleural row; the latter without a conspicu- "Queb. Carnzo, Tucuman, R. A., 18/19-XI- ously weak predorsal bristle, but with a short 1950, 1951 (R. Golbach)"; six males, nine anterior mesopleural bristle adjacent to the females, "V. Padre Monti, Tucuman-Bur- anterior ntpl bristle. Opercula of thoracic ruyacu, R. A., 17-I, 7-II-1948 (R. Golbach)." spiracles fuscous. The generally dark wings and body color in Wings hyaline, veins brownish yellow. the male, coupled with the dark calyptrae, Costal thorns and setulae short. Other veins are similar to those of the New World species, bare. Third and fourth parallel at apices. Spilogona anthrax (Bigot) (see Huckett, Posterior cross vein straight. Anterior cross 1932, pp. 69, 74, 314). The presence of four vein inserted opposite apical 0.6 of discal postsut dc bristles and smaller abdominal cell. Calyptrae, including marginal fringe, spots will distinguish both sexes of golbachi snow white. Halteres dark brown to brownish from anthrax. red. Legs black. TI with a short and weak Spilogona argentifrontata, new species median p bristle. F2 without apical a bristles, MALE: Length, 4.25 to 4.50 mm. Head but with a row of v bristles on basal 0.66, the black, with dense silvery pruinescence. prebasal two or three as long as femoral Viewed from in front, the parafrontals not height where situated. T2 with one median p. distinguishable from frontal vitta. Narrowest F3 with a row of four or five av bristles on distance between eyes equal to length of apical 0.5 which are as long as diameter of F3 antennae. Parafrontals with about five pairs where situated, with one or two very short, of equally long bristles which extend 0.66 of scarcely distinguishable pv bristles at base. the distance to the anterior ocellar bristles T3 with two median ad bristles and with the which are well developed and equal to an- ad setulae slightly longer and more prominent terior pair of parafrontal bristles. Post- than usual, and with two median av bristles; 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 471 apical d bristle well developed and almost However, a few Neotropical and Ethiopian twice as long as the apical ad. All tarsi about species of Limnophora, sensu stricto, in which as long as their tibiae, not unusually modified; the males have a narrow frons, possess a pulvilli and claws small. few dorsal hairs on the first wing vein; other Abdomen black, second to fourth visible species that have a broad male frons have the tergites with dense, silvery pruinescence. first vein bare. Females of all those species First tergite entirely black; second with a with the first vein hairs are difficult to dis- pair of large, trapezoidal black spots, their tinguish from those of Syllimnophora except inner margins parallel; third with a pair of on the basis of general habitus, color, and small, subtriangular, apical spots; fourth locality where captured. Such species are not unspotted, with several irregular rows of included in Syllimnophora. moderately long bristles. Basal hypopygial The species described below trace to segment sparsely grayish pruinescent and Syllimnophora in Malloch's (1934) key. As in with several irregular rows of bristles which most members of the genus, they have either are scarcely longer than length of prebasal the oral margin or juncture of parafacials and hypopygial segment. Basal sternite bare; parafrontals protuberant. fifth with a V-shaped cleft, the processes The following key separates the males of without unusual bristling. Syllimnophora with expanded fourth and fifth TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "Rio fore tarsal segments. Negro, Isla Choelchoe, R. A., 21-XI-1946 1. Palpi fulvous . . . .flavipalpis, new species (Hayward-Willink)"; paratype: one male, Palpi fuscous ...... 2 "Nequen, R. A., 26-XI-1946 (Hayward- 2. Halteres black ...... 4 Willink)." Halteres fuscous to yellow ...... 3 This species traces to semicinerea Stein 3. Oral margin projecting anteriorly well beyond (1911, p. 131) in his key to Neotropical juncture of parafacials and parafrontals; T3 Limnophora (1911, p. 114) and is probably with three ad bristles; T2 with two median p very closely allied, or possibly identical. Until bristles; fifth fore tarsal segment not longer than wide, fourth segment about twice as authentic specimens of semicinerea can be long as wide . . . . inconspicua Malloch studied, I consider argentifrontata to be Oral margin not projecting anteriorly beyond distinct on the basis of the densely silvery juncture of parafacials and parafrontals; T3 gray frons (black in semicinerea), silvery gray with one median ad bristle; T2 with one pruinescent thorax (deep black in semi- median p bristle; fifth fore tarsal segment al- cinerea), reddish to reddish brown halteres most square and the fourth only slightly (black in semicinerea), and brownish yellow longer than fifth. wing veins (yellow basally and black apically latimanoides, new species in semicinerea). Unless Stein's specimens of 4. T2 distinctly enlarged preapically and with a semicinerea were badly greased, I believe he row of long a and p setulae on apical 0.5 ...... c avitibia e n would have noted the very characteristic l (St i ) T2 of slender proportions throughout, without silvery gray thoracic pruinescence, if present, long a and p setulae, but with one or two because he notes it on the abdomen. It should median p bristles ...... 5 be added that the abdominal marking is 5. Fifth abdominal sternite densely golden yellow similar in the two species. pruinescent; superior forceps shiny, light brown; T2 with three p bristles; T3 with a GENUS SYLLIMNOPHORA SPEISER median av bristle . . . browni, new species Acanthoneura STEIN, 1917, Arch. f. Naturgesch., Fifth abdominal sternite grayish pruinescent; ser. A, vol. 83, p. 140 (preoccupied). superior forceps fuscous, not shiny; T2 with Syllimnophora SPEISER, 1923, Wiener Ent. one long and one short p bristle; T3 without Zeitschr., vol. 44, p. 99. MALLOCH, 1934, Diptera median av bristle . . . latimana Malloch of Patagonia and South Chile, pt. 7, fasc. 2, p. 281. This segregate can be separated from most Syllimnophora flavipalpis, new species Limnophora, sensu stricto, by the presence of MALE: Length, 4.7 to 4.9 mm. Occiput and hairs on the upper surface of first wing vein posterior portion of front fucsous; remainder when coupled with a broad frons in the male. of head yellow to fulvous in ground color. 472 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 1 13
The pruinescence on occiput sparse, gray; on portion of first to third tarsal segments on all front and face dense, silvery gray; on lower legs reddish to fulvous. Fl normal. Ti with- portion of parafacials, fulvous; on cheeks, out median bristles. First to third tarsal yellow. Ocellar tubercle velvety black; the segments on forelegs with a row of longish d frontal triangle not clearly defined. Palpi to pd setulae; third segment about 0.6 as fulvous. Proboscis shiny black. Antennae long as second; the fourth and fifth slightly fuscous, somewhat reddish at apex and along longer than wide, with a fringe of short and the inner ventral surface of second segment, relatively broad a and p setae. Pulvilli and but the entire antennae with dense silvery claws very small. F2 with four to six slender gray pruinescence. Front at vertex 0.40 of v bristles on basal 0.5 to 0.6. T2 with two head width, narrowed to 0.35 at base of median p bristles. F3 with av setulae becom- antennae. With a complete row of parafrontal ing longer and stronger on apical 0.3 to 0.5. bristles, the posterior two or three pairs T3 with three median ad, and one av on apical closely placed, long and outwardly directed. 0.25 to 0.33. Mid and hind tarsi not un- In profile, oral margin projects antero- usually modified. ventrally, but its anterior margin extends Wings hyaline. Costal thorns not differ- only slightly beyond the maximum projection entiated and the setulae short. First vein of the juncture of parafacials and para- with several dorsal setulae on apical 0.25 or frontals; the juncture about as long as width more; node bare or with one or two setulae on of third antennal segment, the parafacials dorsal surface. The fourth vein gradually scarcely narrowed below. Maximum height curved forward apically, terminating slightly of cheeks 0.75 of the length of third antennal behind wing tip. Posterior cross vein slightly segment. Vibrissae not differentiated from undulate. Calyptrae white. Halteres yellow. adjacent bristles. Antennae inserted opposite Abdomen relatively short and ovoid in middle of eyes and extending to opposite dorsal view; black. The pruinescence white their lower margin, but terminating about 0.5 to gray except on sides of fourth tergite, of the length of third antennal segment where it has a very slight yellowish tinge. above oral margin; third segment 2.75 times The dorsal white pruinescent areas in the as long as second. Arista bare, distinctly form of a median vitta on first to third swollen on basal 0.4 to 0.5. Palpi somewhat tergites, and in the form of subtriangular enlarged at apex and inwardly curved. Eyes areas on the basolateral portion of first to bare. third. The fourth largely pruinescent, but Thorax black; dorsum with a dense gray with a median T-shaped black mark. Basal area over humeri and notopleura and a nar- hypopygial tergite with numerous closely row gray vitta along planes of dc bristles placed, moderately long bristles. Basal ster- which extends to apex of scutellum; the nite bare; fifth with a broad, U-shaped inci- latter thus divided into three black dorsal sion, the processes short, rounded apically, areas. Mesopleura dark seal-brown pruines- and without distinct clothing hairs or bristles. cent except for a small grayish postero- FEMALE: Length, 5.0 to 5.7 mm. Very ventral spot; sternopleura grayish pruines- similar to male, but occiput with a small, cent below, concolorous with fore coxae; yellowish brown pruinescent spot dorsally on remainder of pleura with only sparse grayish each side, and with a linear brown spot on pruinescence. Dc 2:3; ia 2; ac 0: 1, weak; each, which is parallel to the inner margin of scutellum with a few very short, pale, pilose eyes. Front wider and almost parallel sided. hairs beyond and below the apical bristles; Oral margin not so distinctly projecting the clothing setulae descending almost to anteroventrally, but extending anteriorly ventral margin on sides; st 1:1, and with a slightly beyond the juncture of parafacials clump of long setulae adjacent to the posterior and parafrontals. bristle; prosternum with a few long, fine, pale Thoracic dorsum with the gray areas lateral hairs. broader and the dark spots on side of Legs mostly black, grayish pruinescent; scutellum much reduced or obscured. The the extreme apices of all femora, the apical yellowish regions on the pleura more exten- 0.1 of Ti and sometimes T2, and a variable sive and extending dorsally onto notopleura. 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 473 Legs as in male, but with fulvous areas Antennae black, sparsely brownish gray much reduced and fore tarsi not modified in pruinescent, inserted opposite dorsal 0.4 of shape or bristling. eyes; third segment 2.0 times as long as Abdomen with distinct yellowish pruines- second. Arista bare, thickened on basal 0.33. cent spot on sides of second to fourth ter- Palpi black, very long and slender, slightly gites and with the dorsal blackish areas enlarged and curved apically. smaller, and generally overlain with sparse Thorax subshiny black; with a narrow grayish pruinescence. gray vitta along dc plane which extends onto TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male; allo- scutellum, the latter thus with a black median type, female, and paratypes: two males, stripe and a lateral basal spot; with a broad three females, "Zapala, Nequen, R. A., 19- grayish stripe which covers humeri and XII-1946 (Hayward y Willink)." ntpl, and extends mesally to plane of pra. The yellow to fulvous palpi will distinguish Pleura dark, with a conspicuous grayish this species from other Syllimnophora with or pruinescent spot between the st bristles. Ac without broadened fourth or fifth male fore setulae short, numerous, and with a pair of tarsal segments. short, bristle-like presut ac hairs; dc 2:3; scutellum with fine, short hairs which descend Syllimnophora latimanoides, new species below level of marginals, especially apically MALE: Length, 5.3 mm. Head black; the where they invade the ventral surface. St 1: 1, front,whenviewed anteriorly, grayish pruines- one or two of the lower posterior st hairs cent; the frontal triangle silvery and occupy- somewhat longer than others. ing all of the posterior part of frontal vitta Legs black, Ti without a median p; fourth and extending anteriorly to base of antennae and fifth fore tarsal segments greatly ex- as a rather ill-defined lanceolate line; face panded, the fifth almost square and about as obscurely grayish, parafrontals densely seal- wide as height of Ft at apex, the fourth at brown pruinescent; cheeks velvety black. In apex as wide as fifth but narrowed to width of profile, upper part of cheeks with sparse third at base. T2 with a single median p. brownish pruinescence, remainder of cheeks F3 with four or five av bristles on basal 0.25 and back of head velvety black. Viewed from and four or five longer and stronger ones on the side and behind the occiput with a apical 0.40, pv surface with only the usual median dorsal gray spot, the remainder dark. clothing setulae. T3 with one median ad and Front at vertex 0.38 of head width, narrowed av bristle. Fourth and fifth segments of mid to 0.31 at base of antennae. In profile, junc- and hind tarsi more discoid than others on ture of parafacials and parafrontals 1.2 their respective legs, but not so expansive as times as long as width of third antennal seg- those on forelegs. ment, the parafacials narrowed to about 0.8 Wings hyaline, with a very faint yellowish of its width below; oral margin not project- tinge. Node with a few short hairs on dorsal ing so far anteriorly as the juncture of para- surface. Calyptrae white, margins very pale facials and parafrontals. Vibrissal angle with yellow. Halteres brownish fulvous. numerous bristles, from which the vibrissae Abdomen black, with a median, gray, are not conspicuously differentiated. Cheeks longitudinal, lanceolate stripe on first to as high as length of third antennal segment; third visible tergites and another large one with numerous setulose hairs on the ventral on each side which extends over the edges 0.33 to 0.50 and with a row of long bristles and onto sides of the tergites; fourth tergite along the lower margin; parafrontals with without a median white spot, but with an three pairs of strong, inwardly directed extensive lateral grayish one, the lateral bristles and one or two short hairs between; spots with a limited area thinly overlain with two outwardly directed parafrontal with yellow which is most extensive on the bristles opposite the anterior ocellus, the fourth tergite; all sternites gray dusted. anterior one very long and strong, the pos- FEMALE: Length, 5.4 mm. Similar to the terior one very short. Postocellars, inner and male, the frontal triangle more well defined outer verticals subequal, but all are slightly and with yellowish reflections, parafrontals shorter than the anterior ocellar bristles. and cheeks yellowish pruinescent, vibrissal 474 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 1 13 angle brown. Thorax with a trace of yellow somewhat more opaque near base, especially pruinescence on ntpl and overlying the lateral in subcostal cell. Third and fourth veins gray stripe and with a trace of yellow pruines- convergent apically. Calyptrae white. cence on sides of scutellum at apex. Pleura Halteres black, the base of stalk fulvous with the st spot yellow and with another brown. semi-oval yellow spot on lower posterior por- Abdomen with a median, and a lateral tion of mesopleura. St 1:2. gray spot on first to third visible tergites; Legs bristled as in the male, but av bristles the fourth with lateral spots only. Without on F3 shorter, especially those at base which yellow pruinescence on tergites. First to are shorter than diameter of F3 where situ- fourth sternites gray dusted, the fifth with ated. Apical fourth and fifth tarsal segments dense golden yellow pollen; the processes of forelegs only slightly wider than first and short, sublanceolate, widely separated, and second. Lateral gray abdominal spots with without distinctive bristles. Superior forceps more extensive yellow pruinescence than in shiny fulvous brown. male; the fourth sternite yellowish gray FEMALE: Length, 4.0 mm. Frons, viewed pruinescent. from in front, grayish brown, the frontal TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, allo- triangle somewhat yellowish and narrowly type, female; and paratype, one male, "Tafi reaching base of antennae. Parafrontals del Valle, Tucuman, R. A., 6-12-XII-1947 blackish, especially posteriorly; face grayish (Golbach)." pruinescent, parafacials and cheeks more yellowish gray pruinescent. In profile, vibris- Syllimnophora browni, new species sal angle dark brown to black; occiput rather MALE: Length, 4.5 mm. Very similar to yellowish gray and with a brownish area just latimana Malloch. Head as in that species, but behind posterior margin of eye. the silvery dusted frontal triangle at no angle Thorax with dark areas slightly more well of vision extends more than 0.5 of the dis- defined than in male. Scutellum with dorsum tance to base of antennae. Oral margin pro- brownish and with faint traces of sublateral jecting anteriorly well beyond juncture of gray spots, especially at apex. parafacials and parafrontals. Antennae black, Legs as in male, but fore tarsi not modified, densely gray pruinescent, the second faintly though the fourth and fifth segments are brownish on outer side at apex; third segment slightly wider than the apical width of the 1.2 times as long as second. Arista moderately first and second. T2 with two or three p thickened on basal 0.4. bristles; F3 without the short, upright pv Thorax, viewed from above and behind, hairs, and the av bristles are somewhat sparsely gray pruinescent, the dark median shorter; T3 with one or two ad and av and sublateral stripes very ill defined; the bristles. scutellum not divided into such distinct gray Abdomen with grayish median and lateral and black areas as in latimanoides, new spots smaller and less well defined than in species, and the clothing setulae not invading male; fifth sternite yellow dusted. the ventral surface at apex. Pleura uniformly, TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, and but sparsely, light gray dusted except for dark allotype, female, mounted on same pin, dorsal reflections on mesopleura. St 1:1. "Riobamba, Chimboraza, Ecuador, 2700 M., Legs black. Ti without a median p bristle. 20-VI-1939 (F. M. Brown)," in the American Fore tarsi as in latimanoides. T2 with three Museum of Natural History. median p bristles. F3 with four or five long av bristles on apical 0.5, with only the usual GENUS LISPOIDES MALLOCH clothing setulae on basal 0.5, two of the Limnophora STEIN, 1911, Arch. Naturgesch., median pv clothing setulae slightly longer ser. A, vol. 77, p. 124 (in part). Lispoides MALLOCH, 1920, Trans. Amer. Ent. than others, and about 0.8 as long as diam- Soc., vol. 44, p. 146; 1934, Diptera of Patagonia eter of F3 where situated. T3 with three and South Chile, pt. 7, fasc. 2, p. 295. SNYDER, median ad bristles and with an av opposite 1951, Amer. Mus. Novitates, no. 1491, p. 8. the distal ad. Limnophora (Lispoides) HUCKETT, 1932, Jour. Wings faintly brownish yellow hyaline, New York Ent. Soc., vol. 40, p. 50. 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 475
There is no reason, in view of the notes setulae adjacent to their bases; st 1: 1, cloth- presented by Malloch (1934), not to include ing setulae adjacent to the posterior one the species described below in Lispoides, longer than usual. Mesopleura with a very particularly as the original definition has been short dorsal anterior bristle and with a com- broadened to include species that lack setulae plete row of 10 to 12 posterior ones. All por- on the parafacials ventrad to the anterior tions of hypopleura bare. pair of parafrontal bristles. Legs black. Ti with a median p and a shorter ad and pd bristle opposite each other Lispoides latifrons, new species on apical 0.33. F2 with some of the a clothing FEMALE: Length, 6.0 mm. Head black, setulae on basal half longer than others, silvery gray pruinescent; in frontal view the and with a short basal, and two submedian, ocellar triangle moderately well defined, ex- v to pv bristles. T2 with an ad on apical 0.33 tending about 0.8 of the distance to base of and a much shorter median bristle, the latter antennae. Front of uniform width, 0.46 of distinctly longer than the clothing setulae head width, or 1.6 times as wide as maximum but not longer than T2 diameter; with two width of one eye. With a row of eight to median p bristles which are equal to the 10 medianly directed, parafrontal bristles longest ad. F3 with four av bristles on apical which average about 1.2 times as long as 0.5, and a v to pv on basal 0.33. T3 with two posterior ocellars, and without shorter setulae strong median ad bristles and a shorter one or hairs mesad to the parafrontal bristles on basal 0.25; two av on apical 0.5; and with but with two or three irregular rows laterad two or three of the pv clothing setulae at to them and none extending beyond anterior apical 0.33 longer than others. pair of parafrontal bristles onto the dorsal Wings hyaline. Costal thorn and setulae portion of parafacials. Juncture of para- not conspicuous; other veins bare. Third and facials and parafrontals 1.1 times as long as fourth veins subparallel, slightly divergent at maximum width of third antennal segment, apex. Posterior cross vein very slightly the parafacials narrowed to 0.75 of this width curved, inserted slightly basad to middle of below. Cheeks 1.1 as high as length of third first posterior cell. Calyptrae white, with antennal segment or 0.38 of eye height, with narrow pale yellow margins. Halteres yellow. the usual numerous ventral bristles and one Abdomen black, with dense gray pruines- or two outwardly curved setulae at middle of cence which has slight bluish reflections; with cheeks. Oral margin extending anteriorly to a narrow median brown vitta which does not almost opposite the farthest anterior exten- reach to apex of the fourth tergite; without sion of the juncture of parafacials and para- other dorsal marks. Basal sternite setulose. frontals. Antennae black, inserted opposite TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, female, "Cris- lower 0.4 of eye height and reaching to tina, Lago Argentina, Santa Cruz, R. A., 21- slightly below lower level of eyes (in profile) I-1953 (Willink)." or about width of third antennal segment This species traces best to argentina Mal- above oral margin (in frontal view). Third loch (1934, p. 296) in his key. It differs in segment evenly rounded apically, 2.0 times having the front more than 0.2 of head as long as second. Arista bare, distinctly width; st not 2:2; three and not five mesono- thickened on basal 0.3. Palpi black. Eyes tal vittae; and Ti with a short but distinct bare. ad and pd bristle. It differs from guatemala Thorax black, grayish pruinescent, viewed Snyder (1951, p. 8) which also has st 1:1, posterodorsally with three ill-defined brown in the bristling of TI, broader frons, and in vittae: one along planes of dc bristles and a having ia 2. median one in the ac plane, the latter the most conspicuous. In posterolateral view with GENUS HELINA ROBINEAU-DESVOIDY somewhat blackish reflections between pre- Helina ROBINEAU-DESVOIDY, 1830, Mem. Acad. sut dc and posthumeral bristles. Pleura not Roy. Soc. France, vol. 2, p. 593. conspicuously marked. Ac setulae in six to The following synonymies of Neotropical eight irregular rows; dc 2:4; ia 2; pra absent; species of this genus were uncovered when ntpls 2, subequal, and without accessory the author was examining type material of 476 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 1 13 van der Wulp, Walker, and Giglio-Tos profile, juncture of parafacials and para- species in the British Museum (Natural His- frontals slightly longer than maximum width tory) and the University of Turin. of third antennal segment, the parafacials Helina circulatrix (Walker) about 0.75 of this width below. Cheeks about 0.5 as high as length of third antennal seg- Antkhomyia circulatrix WALKER, 1860, Trans. ment, with the usual short, upwardly di- Ent. Soc. London, vol. 5, p. 316. rected setulae on lower portion. Antennae Helina marginata SNYDER, 1940, Amer. Mus. Novitates, no. 1060, p. 2. black, inserted opposite middle of eyes, and extending to opposite their lower margin; Helina praecipua (Walker) third segment 1.8 to 2.2 times as long as the Anthomyia praecipus WALKER, 1856, Diptera second. Longest aristal hairs 0.7 as long as Saunderamiana, p. 341. greatest width of third antennal segment. Anthomyia unicolor WALKER, 1856, op. cit., p. Palpi black. Eyes with widely scattered short 353. hairs. Aricia ignava WALKER, 1858, Trans. Ent. Soc. Thorax black, grayish pruinescent, quad- London, vol. 4, p. 217. rivittate. With one or two irregularly placed Helina pleuraseta SNYDER, 1940, Amer. Mus. presut ac bristles and with another shorter Novitates, no. 1060, p. 7. prescutellar pair; dc 2:4; pra scarcely longer Helina leucocephala (van der Wulp) than adjacent clothing setulae; without Mydaea leucocephala VAN DER WULP, 1896, Bio- setulae adjacent to ntpl bristles; scutellar logia Centrali-Americana, ser. C, vol. 2, p. 318. setulae not descending below level of mar- Helina compressifrons SNYDER, 1940, Amer. ginals; st 2:2. All portions of hypopleura Mus. Novitates, no. 1060, p. 4. bare. Helina confinis (van der Wulp) Legs black, the tibiae usually become lighter in color from anterior to posterior Mydaea confinis VAN DER WULP, 1896, Biologia pairs, but often all pairs yellow to fulvous. Centrali-Americana, ser. C, vol. 2, p. 319. F2 without Helina compressifrons var. fulvapoda SNYDER, Ti with a median p bristle. any 1940, Amer. Mus. Novitates, no. 1060, p. 5. a bristles, and with four to seven short v to pv bristles on basal 0.33 to 0.50. T2 with two Helina refusa (Giglio-Tos) or three p bristles on median 0.5. F3 with Spilogaster refusa GIGLIo-Tos, 1893, Boll. Mus. two to five short av bristles on apical 0.33 to Zool. Anat. R. Univ. Torino, vol. 7, no. 147, p. 8; 0.40, the remainder of av surface with cloth- 1894, Mem. R. Accad. Sci. Torino, ser. 2, vol. 16, ing setulae only; with a complete row of p. 22. slender pv bristles, those on apical 0.25 very Helina decora SNYDER, 1941, Amer. Mus. Novi- much longer than those at base. T3 with two tates, no. 1131, p. 14. or three long ad, two to five submedian av, Helina sera (Giglio-Tos) bristles, and numerous long, slender p to pv bristle-like hairs on basal 0.33 to 0.67. Spilogaster sera GIGLIo-Tos, 1893, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. R. Univ. Torino, vol. 7, no. 147, p. 9; Wings hyaline; anterior cross vein sur- 1894, Mem. R. Accad. Sci. Torino, ser. 2, vol. 16, rounded by a narrow but distinct dark cloud; p. 25. posterior cross vein very slightly undulate, Helina arroya SNYDER, 1949, Amer. Mus. Novi- with or without a very faint, darkened cloud tates, no. 1402, p. 6. surrounding it. Third and fourth veins gradually divergent apically. Costal thorns Helina argentina, new species and setulae minute, other veins bare. Calyp- MALE: Length, 5.75 to 7.75 mm. Head trae white, margins pale yellow. Halteres black, grayish pruinescent. Front at nar- fulvous to orange. rowest part 0.9 to 1.2 times as wide as dis- Abdomen black, densely gray pruinescent, tance across posterior ocelli inclusive; at this with traces of paired spots on second and level each parafrontal 0.6 to 0.9 as wide as third visible tergites; the larger bristles and diameter of anterior ocellus; with four pairs often the clothing setulae arise from small, of parafrontal bristles on the anterior one- dark spots. Basal sternite bare, others with half, the posterior half bare or with hairs rather long bristles; fifth with a broad V- which are shorter than those on the eyes. In shaped incision. 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 477 FEMALE: Length, 5.5 to 8.0 mm. Similar pv bristles on apical 0.33 to 0.67 of F3. There to the male, but differs in having front about are also other differences in the color of 0.33 of head width, and with numerous calyptrae, halteres, and in the extent of the short parafrontal hairs laterad to the four to dark cloud surrounding the anterior cross seven inwardly directed anterior, and two vein. outwardly and backwardly directed para- Helina aczeli, new species frontal, bristles. With a dark spot at juncture of parafacials and parafrontals when viewed MALE: Length, 6.5 mm. Head black, gray- in profile. F2 frequently with a row of very ish pruinescent; frontal vitta velvety black. short a setulae on basal 0.5; F3 without pv Fronst at narrowest part not quite so wide bristles; T3 without long, hair-like p to pv as distance across posterior ocelli inclusive; bristles. the parafrontals separated by 1.5 times the TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male; allotype, diameter of anterior ocelli. Parafrontals with female; and paratypes: 28 males and 41 fe- short bristles and interspersed hairs extend- males, "V. Padre Monti, Tucuman-Burru- ing almost to narrowest part of front. In yacu, R. A., 17-I, 7-II-1948 (R. Golbach)"; profile, juncture of parafacials and para- two males, "San Javier, 21-X-1950 (Aczel)"; frontals 1.5 times as long as width of third two males, one female, "Tafi del Valle, 6/12- antennal segment, the parafacials narrowed XII-1947 (R. Golbach)"; six males, seven to width of third segment. Cheeks 0.6 to 0.8 females, "Queb. La Toma, Tucuman, R. A., as high as length of third antennal segment. 21-XII-1950 (R. Golbach)"; one male, "Que- Antennae black; third segment 1.8 to 2.0 brada La Toma de Tafi Viejo, Tucuman, times as long as second. Arista with longest Argentina, 21-XII-1950 (Golbach)"; one hairs about twice as long as its greatest male, "Lacavera, Tucuman, R. A., 23/28- diameter. Palpi black. Eyes with numerous XI-1950 (Aczel y Golbach)"; one female, short but distinct hairs. same data as above except "23/26-XII-1951." Thorax black, grayish pruinescent, quad- Leg color is variable in this species; all rivittate; ac 2: 1; dc 2:4; ia 2; pra 0.5 as long specimens have the tibiae lighter than their as posterior ntpl bristle; without ntpl setulae respective femora, though in a few speci- adjacent to base of either bristle; scutellar mens F3 has fulvous streaks at base or even setulae sparse, not extending to level of beyond, and sometimes T3 in females is marginal bristles; st 2:2. Hypopleura and fuscous basally. prosternum bare. This species is allied to longipilk Stein, Legs black, T3 somewhat reddish brown. equator Snyder, and townsendi Snyder to Fl normal. Ti without median bristles. F2 which it may be traced in my key (Snyder, with a few short v bristles on basal 0.5; with- 1941, p. 4). Males differ from those of longi- out clearly differentiated a bristles anywhere. pila in having the pv hairs on F3 shorter at T2 with two or three median p and no other base and becoming longer apically; from median or submedian bristles. F3 with two equator in having long p to pv bristles on or three av on apical 0.25; pv surface without basal 0.5 to 0.67 of T3; and from townsendi bristles. T3 with three ad and two av bristles in the darker femoral color and narrower near middle and with a series of four to seven cheeks. short p bristle-like setulae. Females of this species will trace to anubes Wings strongly tinged with yellow-brown Snyder, but differ from those of that species adjacent to longitudinal veins. The anterior in lacking the row of blending v to pv bristles cross vein surrounded by a small cloud; the on F2; without such distinct av bristles on slightly curved posterior cross vein not sur- basal 0.5 of F3; and in having a narrow but rounded by a darker area; the costal region distinct cloud surrounding the anterior cross between apex of subcosta and first vein vein. darker than any costal area except basad of It also resembles sera Giglio-Tos, a species humeral cross vein. Costal thorns and setulae not included in the key, but differs in having very short; other veins bare; the third and the presut ac bristles stronger, lacking dis- fourth divergent apically. Calyptrae white, tinct a to ad bristle-like setulae on basal margins light fulvous yellow. Knob of hal- 0.5 of F2, and in having longish hair-like teres yellow, the stalk yellowish brown. 478 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 1 13 Abdomen black, bluish gray pruinescent. a short preapical a; with about three v on With large, paired, irregular dark spots on basal 0.25 to 0.33. T2 with two or three first to fourth tergites inclusive, which are median ad, three pd, and one or two pv subtriangular to subquadrate, depending on bristles; without av. F3 with two to four av angle of vision. Basal sternite bare; fifth bristles on apical 0.33, remainder of av and with a moderately shallow, U-shaped in- pv surfaces with only the usual clothing cision; processes short and without distinc- setulae. T3 with two ad and two av bristles. tive bristles. Wings hyaline or with faint yellowish TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "San tinge; cross veins not surrounded by dark Lorenzo, Salta, R. A., 20-4-1949 (Aczel)"; clouds. Costal thorn short but distinct. Third paratype: one male, "Queb. Cainzo, Tucu- and fourth veins divergent apically; posterior man, R. A., 18/19-XII-1950 (Golbach)." cross vein strongly sigmoid. Halteres orange. This species superficially resembles ar- Calyptrae with margins yellowish fulvous, gentina, but differs in lacking long pv setulae and paler discs. on apical 0.25 or more of F3; a median p on Abdomen black, grayish pruinescent. It is Ti; and fewer and shorter p bristle-like so badly greased that any spots, if present, hairs on T3. It is quite closely allied to are not discernible. equator Snyder (1941, p. 18), but differs in TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, female, "Lago lacking a median p on TI, any pv and basal Argentina, Santa Cruz, R. A., 13-4-1953 (Dr. av bristles on F3, and in having the scutellar Willink)." setulae less numerous In equator, the third This species will trace to bifimbriata Mal- and fourth wing veins are not divergent loch in his key to Helina (1934, p. 301). It apically. differs from that species in having the front wider, T2 with ad and pv bristles, F3 without Helina neosimplex, new species hair-like pv setulae on basal 0.5, and in lack- FEMALE: Length, 6.75 mm. Head black, ing dense yellow pruinescence along planes grayish pruinescent. Front at vertex 0.36 of of dc bristles and at base of scutellum when head width, widened to 0.46 at base of thorax is viewed posteriorly. antennae. With four or five pairs of para- It will trace to simplex Malloch in my key frontal bristles and numerous strong, bristle- (Snyder, 1941, p. 4). That species is known like setulae laterad to them. Juncture of para- only from the single male type, and I hesitate facials and parafrontals projecting anteriorly to associate this species with it, because a distance 0.4 to 0.6 of the length of third simplex has the longest aristal hairs about antennal segment, the parafacials only 0.33 of the width of third antennal segment, slightly narrower below. Cheeks almost as and it seems probable that the female of high as length of third antennal segment. simplex would also have some parts of F2 and Antennae black, inserted opposite middle of F3 fuscous. eyes and extending to opposite their lower This species agrees with the short descrip- margin, third segment 1.8 times as long as tion of the female of Mydaea discolor (Stein, second. Arista with longest hairs shorter than 191 1, p. 83). Because Stein mentions an- its greatest diameter. Palpi dark brown. other female with different leg color in his Eyes hairy. remarks, I hesitate to consider neosimplex to Thorax black, grayish pruinescent, qhad- be discolor until types of that species can be rivittate; when viewed anteriorly, with faint examined. brownish pruinescence on posterior part of postsut area; ac 2: 1; dc 2:4; pra short, about GENUS MYDAXA ROBINEAU-DESVOIDY 0.6 as long as posterior ntpl bristle, without Mydaea ROBINEAu-DESVOIDY, 1830, Mem. setulae adjacent to base of ntpl bristles; Acad. Roy. Soc. France, vol. 2, p. 479. SNYDER, scutellar setulae not descending below level of 1941, Amer. Mus. Novitates, no. 1134, p. 1; 1949, marginal bristles; st 2:2. ibid., no. 1402, p. 1. TI, F2, T2, F3, and T3 fulvous, remainder This genus differs from Helina in having of legs black. Ti with a median p bristle. F2 one or more short hairs or setulae on the with short a bristles on basal 0.5, but without dorsal and ventral surfaces of the node (iunc- 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 479 ture of second and third wing veins) and terior cross vein very faintly and narrowly strong spines on the suranal plate of the bordered. Third and fourth veins divergent ovipositor. apically. With setulae on both surfaces of node, but not beyond. Costal thorns and Mydaea latomensis, new species setulae very short. Calyptrae very faintly MALE: Length, 7.75 mm. Head black; fulvous tinged. Halteres yellow. grayish pruinescent. Narrowest part of front Abdomen dark, apex of fourth tergite very 1.5 and the frontal vitta 1.0 times as wide as narrowly fulvous; all parts densely yellowish distance across posterior ocelli inclusive. brown pruinescent. With a pair of small, Each parafrontal as wide as diameter of an- round, seal-brown spots on second and third terior ocellus. The anterior parafrontal bristle tergites and a fainter pair on first; with only strong, with four shorter bristles behind it a trace of a faint and ill-defined median vitta. and some even finer hairs which do not quite Some of the large tergal bristles arise from reach to opposite the anterior ocellus. In very small dark spots. First sternite bare, profile, juncture of parafacials and para- others (except fifth) much longer than broad frontals as long as width of third antennal and with a single pair of apical bristles. segment; the parafacials narrowed below Fifth sternite not visible in the single speci- juncture to 0.5 of this width. Cheeks 1.5 to men. 2.0 times as high as width of third antennal TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "Queb. segment; antennae reddish to reddish brown; La Toma, Tucuman, R. A., 21-XII-1950 (R. third segment fuscous on apical 0.50 to 0.66, Golbach)." 2.5 times as long as second. Longest aristal This species differs from all other Neo- hairs about 0.75 as long as width of third tropical Mydaea, sensu stricto, known to me antennal segment. Palpi fulvous yellow, in lacking setulae on the notopleura adjacent somewhat darker at base. Eyes bare, or with to the bristles. only a few widely scattered, minute hairs. Thorax dark; brownish pruinescent, indis- GENUS XENOTHORACOCHAETA MALLOCH tinctly quadrivittate. Scutellum fulvous Xenothoracochaeta MALLOCH, 1921, Ann. Mag. brown, grayish yellow pruinescent. Ac 0:1; Nat. Hist., ser. 9, vol. 9, p. 170. SNYDER, 1954, dc 2:3; ia 2; pra less than 0.5 of the length of Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 103, p. 423. posterior ntpl bristle; without setulae adja- Airalips SNYDER, 1949, Amer. Mus. Novitates, cent to base of either ntpl; scutellar setulae no. 1402, p. 9. not descending below level of marginals, except near the basal bristle; st 1:2; all por- Xenothoracochaeta golbachi, new species tions of hypopleura bare. MALE: Length, 8 mm. Head black, gray to Legs fulvous, fore coxae grayish brown silvery gray pruinescent. Front at narrowest dorsally. Fl with a faint brownish to fuscous part as wide as distance across posterior p area on basal 0.5, and tarsi dark brown to ocelli inclusive. Parafrontals separated by fuscous. Fl normal. Ti without median less than diameter of anterior ocellus; with bristles. F2 with a row of short a setulae on five pairs of bristles which become much basal 0.5, and a row of short v bristles on shorter posteriorly and terminate at about basal 0.33; a very short apical ad and three the narrowest part of front. Anterior ocellar stronger apical pd to p bristles. T2 with two bristles very long and strong, subequal to median p. F3 with one or two short median, vibrissae. In profile, juncture of parafacials and one or two longer apical av bristles; a narrowed to about 0.5 of this distance below. single median pv; none of these bristles, Cheeks 1.5 times as high as width of third except the apical av, are as long as diameter antennal segment. Antennae mostly black, of F3 where situated. T3 with two short but brownish at apex of second, the third median ad bristles and without bristles on basad to arista, and the swollen portion of the other surfaces except at apex. latter; inserted opposite dorsal 0.4 of eyes. Wings hyaline, very faintly yellowish Third segment 2.5 times as long as seond. brown tinged. Anterior cross vein surrounded Longest aristal hairs 0.5 to 0.6 times as long by a brown spot. The strongly curved pos- as length of third antennal segment. Palpi 480 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 1 13 black, slender. Eyes with short, pale, widely a very strong pair of anterior bristles, pos- scattered hairs. teriorly with two shorter pairs of backwardly Thorax black, bluish gray to grayish and outwardly directed ones, and with some pruinescent, narrowly quadrivittate. Ac 0:0; very short setulae between, laterad of which dc 2:3, the anterior presut pair at least 0.75 as is an irregular series of short hairs. long as the posterior presut pair; ia 2; pra Legs as in male, but with a faint brownish absent or scarcely longer than clothing dorsal apical cloud on all femora. F3 with setulae; humerals 1; posterior ntpl bristle one or two preapical av bristles only; T3 about 0.6 as long as anterior one and with without upright p setulae. All pulvilli very ntpl setulae adjacent to base of the anterior small. one; with two pairs of equally strong, up- Abdomen with dorsal and lateral checker- wardly directed stigmatals, and one strong ing in addition to the narrow median vitta. and one weak propleural. Propleura and TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, and prosternum bare; pteropleura with a few allotype, female, "Queb. La Toma, Tucuman, short hairs at center of posterior 0.5. Beret, R. A., 21-XII-1950 (R. Golbach)." pre-episternum III, and the hypopleura be- This species differs from other Xenothora- low spiracle with a few fine hairs. St 1:2. cochaeta in having the ventral portion of Scutellar setulae descending only slightly scutellar declivities bare, in combination below level of marginals. with two pairs of strong stigmatal bristles. It Legs fulvous, the coxae and tarsi fuscous. differs from the genotype, X. prima Malloch Fl normal. Ti with a very short submedian (A. differentia Snyder), and fuscomarginata ad bristle, and without a median p. F2 (Snyder) in having anterior presut dc bristles with two to four v on basal 0.5, without a well developed, in lacking a distinct pra, short preapical a to ad bristle, but with two and in having beret hairs; it differs from to three preapical pd to p bristles. T2 with caerulea (Snyder) in lacking a pair of prescu- two median p. F3 with a few short, widely tellar ac bristles, in having one humeral and spaced av bristles, only the preapical one or in lacking scutellar setulae on the ventral two longer than the height of F3 where portion of the scutellar declivities. situated; without pv bristles. T3 with one ad and two av bristles; eight to 10 of the p GENUS PHAONIA ROBINEAU-DESVOIDY setulae upright, and slightly longer than the Phaonia ROBINEAu-DESVOIDY, 1803, Mem. adjacent clothing setulae. Hind coxae bare Acad. Roy. Soc. France, vol. 2, p. 482. above. Tarsi normal. Pulvilli and claws A thorough study of the Neotropical prominent, becoming shorter from anterior species of this genus is needed before the to posterior pairs. status of various subgenera or species groups Wings hyaline, with a scarcely distinguish- can be determined. The five species described able yellowish brown cloud adjacent to and keyed below will trace to Phaonia in posterior cross vein. Costal thorns and setulae Malloch's (1934, p. 315) key. very short. Third vein with a few hair-like 1. With a single pair of presut ac bristles; thorax setulae beyond node on ventral surface, other with a pair of subquadrate brown spots sur- veins bare. Third and fourth slightly diver- rounding the anterior two pairs of postsut dc gent apically; posterior cross vein slightly bristles; wings with a large spot at apex of curved. Calyptrae white, the margins nar- first, second, third, and fourth veins, and rowly and faintly tinged with yellow-fulvous. also surrounding both cross veins . Halteres fulvous. .monochaeta,new species Abdomen black, grayish to slightly green- With two pairs of presut ac bristles; thorax and ish blue-gray pruinescent, and with a narrow, wings not marked as above ...... 2 dark, median vitta. Second and third ter- 2. Posterior cross vein straight, broadly bordered by a complete dark cloud; node (juncture of gites with a large, but poorly defined, dark second and third wing veins) setulose on one dorsal spot. or both surfaces; disc of calyptrae light to FEMALE: Length, 8 mm. Similar to male. dark brown, the margins darker . . . . 3 Front at vertex 0.25 of head width, broadened Posterior cross vein very strongly sigmoid, with to 0.33 at base of antennae. Parafrontals with two clouds, one at its juncture with fourth, 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 481 and the other at its juncture with fifth, vein; jacent to base of both bristles; scutellar node bare on both surfaces; disc of calyptrae setulae not descending below level of mar- white to pale yellow, the margins concolor- ginals; st 1:2, the lower posterior one quite ous. 4 short; hypopleura entirely bare; hairs in the 3. Pra absent; st I:1, or, if apparently 1:2, the posterior spiracular opercula whitish yellow lower posterior one is only slightly longer and and without interspersed setulae. stronger than the adjacent clothing setulae Legs brown fuscous, apices of femora and ...... lentiginosa, new species Pra present, longer than posterior ntpl and tibiae somewhat lighter colored. Fl normal. equal to the anterior ntpl bristle; st 1:2, the Ti with a median p bristle. F2 with four or posterior one strong . advena, new species five widely separated, short v to pv bristles 4. With short and slender, but distinct, presut ac on basal 0.5. T2 with two median p bristles. bristles; basal 0.66 or more of all femora F3 with three or four short av bristles on fuscous ...... catamacla, new species apical 0.33. T3 with one long and one short Without distinguishable presut ac bristles; F3 submedian ad bristle, a short av opposite entirely, and the extreme base and apical the pd calcar; the apical ad and d bristles sub- 0.33 of F2, fulvous . cacheuta, new species equal, and without an apical pd. Pulvilli and claws well developed. Phaonia monochaeta, new species Wings hyaline; with a large brown cloud MALE: Length, 5.4 to 5.7 mm. Head black, over both cross veins, at apex of first and grayish pruinescent; cheeks with brownish second veins, a fainter one at apex of third areas. Front at narrowest part slightly wider and fourth, and at base of discal cell. Costal than distance across posterior ocelli; para- thorns not developed. Third and fourth veins frontals separated by about diameter of an- slightly divergent apically. Posterior cross terior ocellus. Anterior ocellar and anterior vein almost straight. Halteres yellow. Calyp- parafrontal bristles subequal; with a com- trae white. plete row of slender parafrontal bristles which Abdomen with first segment largely, and become shorter posteriorly. In profile, junc- base of second, yellowish, remaining portions ture of parafacials and parafrontals 0.50 to of abdomen dark, all densely grayish pruines- 0.66 as long as width of third antennal seg- cent. First tergite with three large dark spots; ment, parafrontals not noticeably narrowed second with a subquadrate, shiny brown, below. Cheeks 0.33 as high as height of eyes, median spot; third with three large dark spots or about 0.80 as high as length of third but the ones on sides poorly defined. Most antennal segment. Antennae fuscous, the base clothing setulae arise from small, shining of third segment somewhat reddish; arista spots. Basal sternite bare. fulvous to brown. Antennae inserted opposite FEMALE: Length, 5.4 mm. Front at vertex dorsal 0.56 of eyes and terminating distinctly 0.30 of head width, broadened to 0.37 at base below their lower margin; third segment 2.5 of antennae. Frontal triangle not clearly times as long as second. Longest aristal defined. Lighter areas on abdomen much re- hairs 0.66 of the length of third antennal duced. Otherwise as in male. segment. Palpi slender, yellow. Eyes with TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, allotype, short, sparse hairs. female; and paratypes: four males, "Queb. Thorax black, densely gray to bluish gray La Toma, Tucuman, R. A., 21-XII-1950 (R. pruinescent; presuturally with traces of four Golbach)"; one female, "Queb. Cainzo, indistinct brownish vittae; postsuturally with Tucuman, R. A., 18/19-XII-1950 (R. Gol- two large subquadrate brown spots which are bach)." narrowly separated medianly and extend The presence of a single presut dc bristle is posteriorly to second postsut dc bristle and rare in this genus; the only other species that laterally almost to ia plane. Scutellum with has this character is Phaonia presuturalis an indistinct darkened area on each side. Ac (Stein, 1904, p. 424). It differs from mono- 0: 0; dc 1: 3; humerals 1; posthumerals 1; chaeta in lacking a median p on TI, spots at sublaterals 0; pra as long as anterior ntpl; the apices of third and fourth wing veins, and in posterior ntpl about (Y.6 as long as the an- having knobs of halteres and most of costal terior ntpl and with numerous setulae ad- margin darkened. 482 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 113
Phaonia advena, new species thorn scarcely distinguishable. Node with MALE: Length, 5.0 mm. Head black, one or two short setulae on both surfaces. grayish brown pruinescent. Front at narrow- Fourth vein not noticeably curved forward at est part not quite so wide as distance across apex. Halteres with knobs somewhat brown- posterior ocelli inclusive. The parafrontals ish, stalk yellow. Calyptrae hyaline or with a dis- very narrowly separated along their entire very faint brownish tinge, the borders length, and at their narrowest part each one tinctly brownish. is 0.8 as wide as diameter of anterior ocellus; Abdomen black, grayish pruinescent. All the hairs on posterior one-half 0.3 to 0.5 as clothing setulae arise from small, round, so long as the other parafrontal setulae. Junc- brown spots that the abdomen appears ture of parafacials and parafrontals not over somewhat speckled. First to third visible 0.3 as long as greatest width of third antennal tergites with a single, strong, apical lateral segment; the parafacials slightly narrowed bristle on each side; and the fourth with a below. Cheeks about 0.5 as high as length of row of four or five strong apical bristles only. Basal sternite bare. Fifth with a moderate U- third antennal segment. Antennae brownish dis- black, the juncture of second and third seg- shaped incision, the processes without ments inserted tinctive armature. Superior forceps fulvous. somewhat fulvous brown, "V. opposite middle of eyes and extending well TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, below their lower margins. Third segment Padre Monti, Tucuman-Burruyacu, R. A., twice as long as second. Longest aristal hairs 17-I, 7-II-1948 (R. Golbach)." about 0.75 as long as width of third antennal Phaonia lentiginosa, new species segment. Palpi long and narrow, fuscous. mm. Similar in Eyes with very short, sparse hairs. MALE: Length, 4.75 color, Thorax bluish black, indistinctly quadri- head shape, and most characters to the pre- Ac 0:0; dc 2:3, the anterior presut ceding species. It differs from it in having vittate. the pra entirely absent, in having the lower pair conspicuously shorter than posterior st bristle much reduced or absent, and the T3 pair; pra strong, as long as the anterior ntpl with only a single av bristle. The costal bristle and about 0.6 as long as anterior cloud is somewhat more extensively brown- postsut dc bristle. Posterior ntpl bristle short, ish. Opercula of all thoracic spiracles more less than 0.5 as long as the anterior ntpl, brownish. and with ntpl setulae adjacent to base of both TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, Nova bristles. Hypopleura entirely bare; st 1:2. Teutonia, Brazil, June 13, 1939 (F. Plau- Scutellar setulae not descending below level mann), in the American Museum of Natural of marginals. Operculum of anterior thoracic History. spiracle fulvous brown; the posterior one These two species superficially resemble fuscous. Phaonia nigrocincta Stein (1918, p. 209) in Legs brownish black, only the knees ful- lacking prescutellar ac bristles; in having dc vous brown. Ti without median bristles. F2 2:3, somewhat similar wing markings, and with two or three short, weak v bristles on margins of calyptrae darkened. The nar- basal 0.5, none of which are as long as height rower front and absence of a median p of F where situated. T2 with two median p bristle on Ti will distinguish them from bristles. F3 with three or four moderately nigrocincta. short av bristles on apical 0.5. T3 with two ad and two av median bristles, the apical ad Phaonia cacheuta, new species somewhat shorter than apical d, and the MALE: Length, 7 mm. Head black, silvery apical pd scarcely distinguishable; the well- gray pruinescent. Front at narrowest point developed calcar is the only pd bristle present. 1.5 times as wide as distance across posterior Wings hyaline, slightly brownish tinged, ocelli inclusive; each parafrontal about as but with a distinct brown cloud at stigma, wide as diameter of anterior ocellus, the and surrounding anterior and posterior cross frontal vitta, therefore, relatively broad and veins; a very faint cloud present along costal uninterrupted. With an almost complete row margin basad to apex of first vein. Costal of 10 to 14 parafrontal bristles of nearly 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 483 uniform length except the posterior two pairs short; other veins bare. Calyptrae white. which are shorter and more slender; without Halteres yellow. setulae laterad to the parafrontal bristles. Abdomen black, brownish gray pruines- Juncture of parafacials and parafrontals as cent; apex of fourth visible tergite narrowly long as width of third antennal segment; the fulvous. With a median interrupted dark parafacials narrowed to 0.5 of this distance stripe which is widest and darkest on second below. Cheeks 1.4 times as high as width and third visible tergites and with a large, of third antennal segment. Antennae black, dark spot on first and second segments the second segment somewhat reddish on laterad to the midline; the larger discal and apical margin; inserted opposite middle of apical bristles on third and fourth tergites eyes and reaching to slightly below their arise from very small brown spots. Fifth lower margin; third segment about twice as sternite with a deep, narrow, V-shaped in- long as second. Longest aristal hairs slightly cision; lateral processes relatively long. longer than greatest width of third antennal TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "Ca- segment. Palpi black, slender, and gently cheuta, Mendoza, R. A., 23-X-1953 (Aczel y curved. Eyes with widely scattered hairs. A. Moyano)." Thorax black, grayish to blue-gray pruines- cent; with four narrow brown vittae which Phaonia catamacla, new species extend posteriorly to about opposite second MALE: Length, 6.8 mm. Similar in color postsut dc bristle, and with a median vitta and structure to that of cacheuta except as extending anteriorly from scutellar suture to noted. With only four or five moderately a point midway between first and second separated parafrontal bristles. With two or postsut dc bristles. The dorsum of scutellum three short, slender, presut ac bristles which concolorous with mesonotum, the declivities are distinctly longer than the sparse, but and ventral portion brownish fulvous. Presut rather long, adjacent clothing setulae. Me- ac hairs in six to eight irregular rows; ac dian prescutellar vitta short, scarcely reaching 0:1; dc 2:3; ia 2; pra about 0.8 as long as to opposite median postsut dc bristle. Scutel- anterior postsut dc and as long as the an- lum with fulvous areas on declivities extend- terior ntpl bristles; posterior ntpl bristle about ing farther dorsad, but with disc mostly 0.5 as long as pra; without ntpl setulae ad- dark. With two or three short, slender, jacent to base of either bristle. Scutellar presut ac bristles which are distinctly longer setulae not descending below level of mar- than the sparse, but rather long, adjacent ginal bristles. St 1:2; all parts of hypopleura, clothing setulae. pteropleura, propleura, and prosternum bare. F3 fuscous except basal and apical 0.12. F2 Coxae, tarsi, most of basal part of Fl, and with only two preapical p to pd bristles. median 0.5 of F2 black, grayish pruinescent; Abdomen without lateral spots, the larger remainder of legs fulvous. Fl normal. Ti discal and apical bristles on first and second without median bristles. F2 with some short visible tergites arise from large, dark spots. a to slightly ad setulae on basal 0.5, a pre- The fifth sternite with a broad, shallow, V- apical ad setula, four to seven long v bristles shaped incision, the processes short. on basal 0.5, and the usual three preapicals on TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "Avol- pd to p planes. T2 with two median p bristles. fin, Catamacla, R. A., I-1953 (Villolou)." F3 with an almost complete row of widely The single specimen was not securely at- separated av bristles and only a few short, tached to the minutum; after study of it and decumbent, pv setulae. T3 with two median preparation of the above description, I en- ad, one av, on apical 0.33 and a long pd calcar. deavored to attach it more firmly, but in Wings hyaline, yellowish tinged anteriorly. doing so, the head and mid legs were inadver- Anterior cross vein surrounded by a broad, tently broken. These have been glued to the dark spot. Posterior cross vein abruptly locality label. sigmoid, with two spots: one adjacent to This species and cacheuta, while super- juncture with fourth vein and one at juncture fically similar, are quite distinct from each with fifth vein. Third and fourth veins diver- other on the basis of the characters noted in gent apically. Costal thorns and setulae very the key and in the description of catamacla. 484 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 113 In general habitus, and especially wing tles short but distinct; scutellar setulate not markings, they resemble limbinervis Stein descending below level of marginals . (1918, p. 207), but both can be separated ...... trispilus (Bigot) from that species by having only three pairs Without a small, dark spot at anterior basal corner of discal cell; upper calyptrae without of postsut dc, longer aristal hairs, and by a dark border; opercula of thoracic spiracle lacking hypopleura hairs below spiracle. dark brown to fuscous; F3 with short, de- cumbent, apical pv clothing setulae only; GENUS BIGOTOMYIA MALLOCH scutellar setulae descending onto sides of Bigotomyia MALLOCH, 1921, Ann. Mag. Nat. scutellum slightly below level of marginal Hist., ser. 9, vol. 7, p. 173; 1922, Trans. Amer. bristles ... punctinervis (Stein) Ent. Soc., vol. 48, p. 236. Bigotomyia praedatoria, new species This genus will trace to Phaonia in Mal- loch's key to phaoniine genera (1934, p. 280) MALE: Length, 5-.6 to 6.2 mm. Head black, and can be separated from it in having the grayish pruinescent. Narrowest part of front fourth vein slightly to strongly curved not quite so wide as distance across posterior forward apically or preapically, and in having ocelli inclusive; the narrow parafrontals sub- the node (juncture of second and third contiguous and separated by less than dia- veins) setulose on one or both surfaces. The meter of anterior ocellus; with four to six pd calcar on T3 is usually shorter and more pairs of strong bristles anteriorly and nu- apically situated than in many species of merous very short hairs behind which extend Phaonia. almost to anterior ocellus. In profile, junc- The genus is limited to the New World, ture of parafacials and parafrontals as long and the following key will separate the spe- as width of third antennal segment, the para- cies known to me: facials not narrowed below. Cheeks about 0.8 as high as length of third antennal seg- 1. Dc 2:4 ...... 2 ment, with an irregular row of upwardly Dc 2:3 ...... 3 curved bristles along the lower margin which 2. Palpi fuscous; scutellum dark, concolorous with remainder of thorax . mexala, new species become longer, stronger, and more regular Palpi fulvous to yellow; scutellum partly or en- anteriorly. Facial ridges with setulae con- tirely fulvous, remainder of thorax mostly tinued dorsally to opposite the apical 0.25 of dark (Nearctic) ...... 3 third antennal segment. Antennae fulvous 3. Abdomen with distinct lateral checkerings; red, apical 0.75 of third segment fuscous; beret and basal abdominal sternite setulose inserted opposite middle of the sparsely
...... californiensis Malloch haired eyes and ending distinctly below their Abdomen without lateral checkerings, at most lower margin; third segment 2.4 times as long with very slight reflections; beret and basal as second. Longest aristal hairs 0.4 to 0.5 abdominal sternite bare . . houghi (Stein) as as of third antennal 4. Palpi entirely fulvous; posteroventral corner long length segment. of the rim surrounding posterior thoracic Palpi fuscous, the base very dark brown. spiracle with several long, black hairs; Fl of Thorax black, grayish to yellowish gray male with a row of short av spines on apical pruinescent, quadrivittate; ac 0:1; dc 2:4, 0.40 to 0.75 . . . praedatoria, new species frequently with an additional slender an- Palpi partly or entirely brown to fuscous; terior presut pair; ia 2; pra as long as an- posteroventral corner of rim of posterior terior ntpl and anterior presut dc; ntpls 2, the thoracic spiracle bare; F1 of males without posterior one much shorter than anterior av spines ...... 5 one and with setulae adjacent to the base of 5. Most of the ultimate portion of second wing both; one or two setulae on scutellum descend bordered by a brown shadow costipennis, new species slightly onto dorsal declivities opposite the Second vein not median pair of discal bristles; st 1:2. Oper- bordered by dark shadows culum of anterior spiracle fulvous; posterior ...... 6 6. With a small, dark spot at anterior basal cor- one brownish and without setulae on the ner of discal cell; upper calyptrae with a nar- chitinous rim surrounding it. All parts of row, dark border; opercula of thoracic hypopleura bare. spiracles fulvous; F3 with the apical pv bris- Coxae, most of Fl, a variable portion of 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 485 F2, F3, T2, and T3 and all tarsi fuscous; ond and third longitudinal veins without remainder of legs fulvous yellow. Fl normal. adjacent suffusions as in male. Node setulose Ti without median bristles. F2 with short a also on dorsal surface. Fourth abdominal setulae on basal 0.5 and several long v bristles tergite with fewer and shorter bristles. on basal 0.5; with one or two short a to ad, TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, "An- and three to six d to p, preapicals. T2 with tigua, Guatemala, 5000 ft., VIII-16-1947 (F. three p on median 0.5. F3 with several short, Johnson, donor, coll. C. and P. Vaurie)"; but strong, av bristles on apical 0.33, and allotype, female, "Cuernavaca, Mexico, 5000 with weaker ones along remainder of this ft., Aug. 15, 1943 (F. M. Snyder)"; para- surface, though one or two near middle may types: six males, same data as type, except be as long as those near apex; with or without three of them taken "VIII-17-1947." Holo- a short but distinct median and basal pv type and allotype in the American Museum bristle. T3 with two submedian ad and av of Natural History. bristles; apical pd much shorter than apical d and ad, or frequently absent; the pd Bigotomyia praedatoria, new species calcar situated at apical 0.2; without a basal MALE: Length, 6.5 to 7.0 mm. Head pd bristle. black, grayish pruinescent. Cheeks with Wings hyaline; anterior and posterior cross limited reddish reflections. Front at narrow- veins surrounded by a broad dark cloud and est part as wide as distance across posterior usually with a faint one adjacent to apex of ocelli inclusive. Parafrontals contiguous or the slightly forwardly curved fourth vein, the subcontiguous, each slightly wider than latter cloud only slightly darker than the in- diameter of anterior ocellus; with four or five distinct suffusions along the second and pairs of strong bristles on the anterior portion third veins. Costal thorns and setulae very and with several pairs of very short hairs on short. With one to three short setulae on posterior part. Juncture of parafacials and ventral surface of node or slightly beyond. parafrontals projecting anteriorly a distance Posterior cross vein slightly curved basally equal to width of third antennal segment; at middle. Calyptrae white, the margins pale parafacials scarcely narrowed below. Cheeks yellow. Halteres yellow to fulvous. about 2.25 times as high as width of third Abdomen black, yellow to brownish gray antennal segment. Facial ridges with a few pruinescent, and with an indistinct median short, hair-like setulae which extend dorsally dark spot on first and second tergites; the to opposite the apical 0.33 to 0.50 of third large tergal bristles arise from small, dark antennal segment. Anterior ocellar bristles spots; with indistinct dorsal checkerings. strong, about 0.7 of the length of vibrissae. Fourth tergite with three to five irregular Antennae fulvous, the third segment with rows of distinct bristles. Basal sternite bare; dark apical shadows which are more exten- the second to fourth with a pair of distinct sive on the apical half of the outer surface. apicals. Fifth not distinctive. Longest aristal hairs on both surfaces slightly FEMALE: Length, 7.2 mm. Similar to the longer than length of third antennal segment; male. Front at vertex 0.30 of head width and the longest hairs on upper surface 1.5 to 2.0 broadened to 0.42 at base of antennae; with times as long as greatest width of third an- a complete row of five strong, parafrontal tennal segment. Palpi fulvous. Eyes with bristles, the posterior two pairs outwardly long but sparse hairs. and backwardly directed, and with short Thorax mostly fulvous; grayish pruines- setulae laterad to all bristles. The row of cent, but dorsum, including scutellum, more bristles on lower margin of cheeks shorter castaneous in ground color, irregularly quad- than in male. Juncture of parafacials and rivittate; pleura with irregular dark areas on parafrontals more prominent than in male, sternopleura and most of hypopleura. Ac and the parafacials slightly narrowed below. 0:1; dc 2:3; ia 2; pra subequal to length of Thorax with the adventitious anterior anterior postsut dc bristle and the anterior presut dc very short; the posterior thoracic ntpl; the posterior ntpl 0.4 to 0.6 as long as spiracle smaller. the anterior ntpl, and with setulae adjacent Legs with F2 and F3 entirely fulvous. Sec- to base of both ntpl bristles; st 1:2; a few 486 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 1 13 of the scutellar setulae descending to, but 0.30 of head width, gradually broadened to not below, level of marginal bristles. Hypo- 0.38 at base of antennae; a complete row of pleura below spiracle, and beret, often with a parafrontal bristles, the posterior two pair few very short soft hairs; pleuratergite above backwardly and outwardly directed. Fl, F2, and below juncture of calyptrae, pteropleura, and F3 without the characteristic short propleura, and infra-alar bulla bare. The apical av or pv spines. posteroventral corner of the rim surrounding TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, male, and the posterior thoracic spiracle with several allotype, female, "Queb. La Toma, Tucu- long, dark hairs in sharp contrast to the man, R. A., 23/26-XII-23/28-XI-1950 (Aczel large fulvous operculum. paratypes: three males, same data as type; Legs fulvous, tarsi and a limited apical three males, one female, "Lacavera, Tucu- spot on all femora fuscous, the apices of man, R. A., 23/26-XII-23/28-XI-1950 (Aczel tarsal segments frequently lighter. Fl with y Golbach)"; one male, "Queb. Carnzo, five to eight short, stout, av bristles on apical Tucuman, R. A., 18/19-XII-1950 (Gol- 0.33, and with the usual row of long pd and pv bach)"; one male, "Quebrada La Toma de bristles. Ti without median bristles. F2 with Tafi Viejo, Tucuman, Argentina, 21-XII- the av bristles on apical 0.33 short, but stout, 1950 (Golbach)"; one male, "V. Padre Monti, and similar to the av on Fl; with two or three Tucuman-Burruyacu, R. A., 17-1, 7-II-1948 short v bristles on basal 0.33; some of the a (Golbach)." setulae on basal 0.5 slightly longer than those on apical 0.5. T2 with two median p bristles. Bigotomyia costipennis, new species F3 with six to eight short, stout, av bristles FEMALE: Length, 8.15 mm. Head black; on apical 0.5 which become gradually longer pruinescence on parafrontals and upper 0.50 apically; with a few setulae on basal 0.5, to 0.75 of parafacials grayish, remainder of none of the latter more than 0.5 as long as parafacials and cheeks distinctly brownish. the longest apical av bristles; usually with Front at vertex 0.25 of head width, broadened one short pv bristle on basal 0.33 and with a to 0.30 at base of antennae. Parafrontals with group of apical pv setulae similar to those three pairs of anterior, one pair of strong opposite on av surface. T3 with two ad and median, and two posterior pairs of bristles, one short av bristles on apical 0.5; the pd the latter posterolaterally directed; with calcar short, subequal to the most apical of several short hairs laterad to all parafrontal the two submedian ad bristles; the apical pd bristles. Juncture of parafacials and para- undeveloped. Tarsal claws and pulvilli mod- frontals slightly longer than width of third erately developed. antennal segment, the parafacials slightly Wings hyaline, slightly yellowish tinged narrowed below. Cheeks about 0.5 as high as along fore margin. Anterior and posterior length of third antennal segment. Palpi cross veins surrounded by a dark brown fuscous, sometimes the extreme base slightly cloud. Costal thorns and setulae very short, fulvous brown. Antennae mostly fuscous, scarcely differentiated. Node and third vein but fulvous basad of the insertion of arista. with three or four short hairs. Fourth vein Antennae inserted opposite the dorsal 0.3 curved forward. of eyes and descending slightly below their Abdomen black, densely grayish pruines- lower margin. Third segment 2.0 to 2.3 times cent. All bristles and clothing setulae arise as long as second. Longest aristal hairs on from small, dark spots, so that the abdomen both surfaces, including aristal diameter, as appears somewhat punctate; with only in- long as length of third antennal segment. distinct dorsal or lateral checkerings. Basal Eyes with widely scattered, short hairs. sternite bare; others longer than broad and Thorax black, brownish to slightly gray only the second with strong apical bristles. pruinescent, quadrivittate; scutellum rather Hypopygium and fifth sternite small, not fulvous brown. Without prescutellar or distinctive. presut ac bristles, otherwise bristled as in FEMALE: Length, 5.7 to 7.3 mm. Very praedatoria. Opercula of thoracic spiracles similar in color and general structure to the fulvous, concolorous with base of antennae. male. Differs in having the front at vertex Legs colored as in the female of punctiven- 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 487 iris Stein, but the femora not so extensively is described below to be the type of trispilus darkened. Ti without median bristles. F2 Bigot. with one to three v bristles on basal 0.33. T2 MALE: Head black, grayish pruinescent. with one or two median p, and without ad Front at narrowest part as wide as distance or av bristles. F3 with two or three av bristles across posterior ocelli inclusive. Parafrontals on apical 0.25 to 0.50. T3 with two median contiguous, each as wide as diameter of ad and one av on apical 0.5; apical ad and v anterior ocellus. Juncture of parafacials subequal and distinctly longer than the and parafrontals as long as width of third scarcely differentiated pd; the calcar strong. antennal segment, parafacials scarcely nar- Wings hyaline, but with a faint brownish rowed below. Cheeks twice as high as width area along most of costal region from apex of of third antennal segment. Parafrontals with subcosta to apex of second longitudinal vein four strong anterior bristles, and about six and is most distinct along most of the weaker ones behind, which extend almost apical 0.8 of second vein; with a faint cloud to anterior ocellus. Eyes hairy. Antennae with at apex of the slightly forwardly curved the first two segments and extreme base of fourth wing vein, and with a darker brown third brownish fulvous, remainder of third cloud surrounding anterior and posterior fuscous, and reaching from middle to lower cross veins. Node with a few weak hairs or level of eyes. Longest aristal hairs on both setulae on both surfaces. Posterior cross vein surfaces together with aristal diameter as slightly curved. Calyptrae with a faint long as length of third antennal segment. brownish fulvous tinge, the borders not Palpi fuscous. darkened. Halteres yellow to fulvous. Thorax black, grayish pruinescent, indis- Abdomen black, grayish pruinescent, and tinctly quadrivittate. Apex and ventral sur- with brownish reflections. face of scutellum brownish fulvous. Ac 0:1; TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, female, "Nova dc 2:3; ia 2; pra as long as anterior postsut dc Teutonia, Brazil, 8-V-1939 (Fritz Plau- bristle and distinctly longer than the an- mann)," in the American Museum of Nat- terior ntpl, the posterior ntpl 0.5 as long as ural History; paratype, one female, topo- anterior ntpl; with setulae adjacent to base typical, "11-X-1937." of both ntpls. St 1:2; scutellar setulae not below level of All It is probable that the male will possess descending marginals. parts of hypopleura bare. Posterior thoracic prescutellar bristles. spiracle long, moderately high, and without Bigotomyia trispilus (Bigot) accessory setulae on rim adjacent to the fulvous operculum. Anterior spiracle also Spilogaster trispilus BIGOT, 1885, Ann. Soc. fulvous. Ent. France, ser. 6, vol. 5, p. 285. STEIN, 1907, Fl and F3 cinereous; F2 with a preapical Zeitschr. f. Syst. Hymen. u. Dipt., pt. 4, p. 289. Phaonia trispilus, STEIN, 1918, Ann. Hist. Nat. fulvous band, remainder of F2 dark. Tibiae Mus. Natl. Hungarici, vol. 16, p. 212. fulvous; coxae and tarsi fuscous. Ti without median bristles. F2 with four strong v on This species is the genotype of Bigotomyja basal 0.5; apically with a weak a and a strong Malloch. d, pd, and p bristle. T2 with two median p. Through the courtesy of Mr. J. E. Collin, F3 with about 12 av, six on basal 0.5 slightly I was able to study two males and one female shorter than femoral height, while those on specimen under this name in the Bigot col- apical 0.5 are much longer and stronger; the lection. pv on apical 0.5 quite distinct and well de- One of the males agrees with Stein's (1907) veloped, but not more than 0.5 of the notes, as does the female which is associated diameter of the femora where situated. T3 with it, although the latter specimen was not with two ad, one av, and a pd calcar; the mentioned by Bigot in the original descrip- apical pd bristle scarcely distinguishable; and tion. In reporting on Bigot's types, Stein the apical ad and d somewhat shorter than did not mention the second male specimen usual. under this name. It is a Phaonia allied to Wings with node hairy on both surfaces, texensis Malloch. I consider the male which and slightly beyond on ventral surface of 488 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 1 13 third vein. Other veins except costa bare. the other, or even one short one on only one Fourth vein with a very slight forward curva- leg. T3 with the basal pd bristle weak to ture. Cross veins broadly clouded, but the strong, but sometimes absent on one leg; posterior one without a spot at its juncture the apical pd setula hair-like, and slightly with both longitudinal veins. With a small, longer than adjacent clothing setulae. dark spot at base of anterior portion of discal Additional characters in both sexes not cell. Membrane hyaline. Posterior cross noted by Stein are: notopleura with numer- vein very slightly curved. Upper calyptrae ous setulae adjacent to the base of both with a narrow, dark border, the disc and en- bristles; scutellar setulae descending onto tire lower calyptrae hyaline. Halteres yellow. sides below level of marginal bristles; node Abdomen fuscous, grayish pruinescent, and with one or more setulae on one or both sur- with dorsal and lateral checkerings. With faces; basal abdominal sternite bare; and only a few tergal bristles at apex of third and fifth without distinctive armature in male. on disc and apex of fourth visible tergites. SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Three males and Basal sternite bare. four females, "V. Padre Monti, Tucuman- FEMALE: Similar to the male. Front at Burruyacu, R. A., 17-I-7-1I-1948 (R. Gol- vertex 0.3 of head width and widened to bach)"; three males, "San Javier, Tucuman, 0.33 anteriorly. With a distinct fulvous band R. A., 21-X-1950 (Aczel)"; one male, "La- on all femora, the one on Fl most extensive. cavera, Dept. Tafi, Tuc., 8/11-VI-1951 F2 with two v bristles. F3 with only four av (Aczel y Golbach)"; one female, "Villa on apical 0.5, the pv at apex much reduced. Nouges, Prov. Tuc., R. A., I-1928"; six Wings and upper calyptrae as in male. Apical males, three females, "Queb. La Toma, abdominal bristles not so well defined. Tucuman, R. A., 21-XII-1950, (Golbach)"; This species was originally described from one male, "Queb. Cainzo, 15/19-XI-1951 Buenos Aires and was later recorded from (Golbach)"; one male, "Lacavera, Tucu- Brazil by Stein (1918); and from La Plata, man, R. A., 23/28-XI-1951 (Aczel y Gol- Argentina, and Montevideo, Uruguay, by bach)"; one male, "San P. Colalao, Tucu- Malloch (1921a, p. 173). man, R. A., 11-1954 (P. Arnau)." In Stein's (1911, p. 62) key to Phaonia, all Bigotomyia punctinervis (Stein) females in the above series trace to punctiner- Phaonia punctinervis STEIN, 1911, Arch. f. vis and males to nigripuncta. In view of the Naturgesch., ser. A, vol. 77, p. 63 (species no. 1, large number of specimens, it would be female). remarkable to find only males of one species Phaonia nigripuncta STEIN, 1911, ibid., ser. A, and females of another. It seems quite vol. 77, p. 63 (species no. 2, male). probable that limited material, the sexually dimorphic leg color, and tibial bristling led MALES: Fl dark and Ti fulvous to fuscous; Stein to believe that he was dealing with two F2 usually with a variable fulvous central species. The similarity of Stein's descriptions area, the remainder dark; T2 partly or en- of the two, aside from leg color and tibial tirely fulvous; F3 and T3 entirely fulvous, or sometimes with dark basal and apical streaks. bristling, as well as the names he selected, Ti without median p bristles. T2 without ad appears to confirm this belief, although I bristles. T3 with the basal pd bristle often have not studied his material. weak and sometimes absent and with the GENUS DARWINOMYIA MALLOCH apical pd scarcely distinguishable from the Darwinomyia MALLOCH, 1922, Ann. Mag. Nat. clothing setulae. Hist., ser. 9, vol. 9, p. 277; 1928, ibid., ser. 10, vol. FEMALES: Fl mostly dark; Ti dark to 2, p. 313; 1934, Diptera of Patagonia and South fulvous; F2 with a variable fulvous central Chile, pt. 7, fasc. 2, p. 316. portion; T2, F3, and T3 mostly or entirely Acrolasia ENDERLEIN, 1927, Konowia, vol. 6, p. fulvous. Ti with two p bristles, a strong 316. median one and a shorter one on apical 0.25 The(following notes are presented in the to 0.33. T2 usually with one median ad, but hope that they will aid in a better under- sometimes with two on one leg and one on standing of some of the species. 1957 SNYDER: MUSCIDAE 489 Darwinomyia confusa Malloch fulvous color of face and genae and the pre- Darwinomysa univittata MALLOCH (nec Bigot), dominantly reddish frontal vitta; the size of 1922, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 9, vol. 9, p. 278. the short, median, black, thoracic stripe Darwinomyia confusa MALLOCH, 1928, ibid., which does not extend posteriorly to prescu- ser. 10, vol. 2, p. 314; 1934, Diptera of Patagonia tellar pair of ac bristles, but reaches laterally and South Chile, pt. 7, fasc. 2, p. 319. beyond ac bristles; and in the postnotal black This species, the genotype, was previously spot confined to the area of postscutellum. known only from Chile. There is a male in It differs from females of both trivittata and the present collection labeled "Chubut, Lago nigriventris in having at least one distinct Kruger, R. A., 17-II-1949 (Abaviros)," and submedian v bristle on T2. When viewed a female labeled "La Cristina, Lago Argen- dorsally, F3 is curved outwardly at middle tina, Santa Cruz, R. A., 30-4-1953 (Willink)." so that the left and right femora are in the The extent of the darkened portions of F2 form of parentheses, (, and are very slightly and F3 is somewhat variable in this species, swollen preapically. but I have not seen any specimens that have It differs from the male in the usual sexual F2 and F3 entirely fulvous as in chilensis dimorphic head characters. In addition, Ti Bigot. has a single median p bristle, and there are no long pv hairs. F2 without strong av or pv Darwinomyia chilensis (Bigot) bristles. F3 without strong a bristles and Yetodesia chilensis BIGOT, 1885, Ann. Soc. Ent. T3 without the closely placed group of long France, ser. 6, vol. 4, p. 295. median pv bristles as in the male. Aricia chilensis STEIN, 1907, Zeitschr. f. Syst. Hymen. u. Dipt., no. 3, p. 216. Darwinomyia univittata (Bigot) Darwinomyia chilensis MALLOCH, 1928, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 10, vol. 2, p. 317; 1934, Dip- Limnophora univittata BIGOT, 1857, Ann. Soc. tera of Patagonia and South Chile, pt. 7, fasc. 2, Ent. France, ser. 3, vol. 5, p. 303. p. 320. Aricia univittata STEIN, 1907, Zeitschr. f. Syst. Hymen. u. Dipt., no. 4, p. 290. The male and female types of this species Darwinomyia univittata MALLOCH, 1934, Dip- were studied through the courtesy of Mr. tera of Patagonia and South Chile, pt. 7, fasc. 2, J. E. Collin. The male traces to this species in p. 329. Malloch's key (1934, p. 317) and agrees well with his description. The female was un- There are three males and three females known to Malloch and will trace to similis under this name in the Bigot collection and Malloch in his 1934 key, but differs from are presumably the type series. that species in lacking pv bristles near apex One male bears the label "Aricia sp. nov.?" of F2; there are two av opposite the two in Stein's handwriting. It runs to separata short, spine-like pv bristles; F3 has four long Malloch in Malloch's key (1934) and agrees av on apical 0.33 and two very short bristles well with his description. However, no fore near middle of the basal 0.67. coxal spines are present as in confusa and The long, strong, paired, spike-like bristles chilensis, but two of the coxal bristles are at apex of fore coxae are similar in the males slightly longer than the other. of chilensis and confusa. One male and two females appear to be conspecific, and the females agree with Darwinomyia fasciculata Malloch Malloch's interpretation of univittata. They Darwinomyia fasciculata MALLOCH, 1934, Dip- might be considered as typical of univittata, tera of Patagonia and South Chile, pt. 7, fasc. 2, though I do not designate a male allotype. p. 333, (male). Males have the first and second antennal segments fulvous, and the third fuscous; There is a single female of this species palpi fulvous. Thorax with a median dorsal labeled "Brazo Oriello, Lago Argentina, dark stripe and the stripe on the pleura Santa Cruz, R. A., 25-II-1953 (Willink)." extending from fore coxae onto pteropleura, It will trace to couplet 19 in Malloch's hypopleura, and dorsally onto scutellum. key and agrees with trivittata Malloch in Abdomen black. Hypopleura bare. The coxal 490 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 113 thorns are stouter than in the specimen noted as in spicata Malloch, i.e., two ad and one p below. F2 concave as in the description of bristles. F2 with several longish, fine, av spicata Malloch and with fine av and v bristles on basal 0.5 and F2 not concave setulae on basal 0.5, then with about eight anteriorly, but with a complete row of pv long, blunt ones on apical 0.5 of v surface. and four very short, more posteriorly situated T2 with three pd and three pv bristles. F3 bristles on the apical 0.25. T2 with four pd, with one strong apical av only; other v sur- one p, and one pv bristle. F3 with very fine, faces bare. T3 curved, with one strong short, av and pv bristles, but none are as long median ad and a short prebasal and preapical as F3 diameter, but extend along the entire ad bristle; the calcar is the only well-devel- length of av and basal 0.5 of pv surfaces, and oped pd bristle; with a single series of fine with three or four stronger av at apex. T3 av and pv bristles. very slightly curved at center and with three One male will not trace readily to any ad, three pd, and six av bristles and also with species in Malloch's key. It and the female very long, fine, curly, pv hairs. The beret with of typical univittata (sensu Malloch) were a few fine, pale hairs. With a median dorsal probably the ones used by Stein for the de- thoracic dark stripe and another one which scription of univittata and make Malloch's extends from fore coxae onto pteropleura, interpretation of Stein's description of the then over hypopleura and up to scutellum. male difficult. This male has the antennae Abdomen black. dark and the palpi rather brownish. Fore The remaining female in the type series coxae with one long, narrow, apical spine. Ti traces to confusa Malloch in Malloch's key.
LITERATURE CITED EMDEN, F. I. VAN Amer. Mus. Novitates, no. 1134, pp. 1940. Muscidae: B.-Coenosiinae. In Ru- 1-22. wenzori expedition 1934-35. London, 1951. New Neotropical Muscidae (Diptera). British Museum (Natural History), Ibid., no. 1494, pp. 1-11. vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 91-255. 1952. New species of Pegomyia from Mexico HUCKETT, H. C. (Diptera: Muscidae). Ann. Ent. Soc. 1932. The north American species of the Amer., vol. 45, pp. 415-422. genus Limnophora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1954. A review of Nearctic Lispe Latreille with descriptions of new species. Jour. (Diptera, Muscidae). Amer. Mus. New York Ent. Soc., vol. 4, pp. 25- Novitates, no. 1675, pp. 1-40. 76, 105-158, 279-339. STEIN, P. 1934. A revision of the North American spe- 1904. Die Amerikanischen Anthomyiden. cies belonging to the genus Coenosia Ann. Hist. Nat. Mus. Natl. Hun- Meigen and related genera. Parts 1 and vol. 414-495. 2. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 40, pp. garici, 2, pp. 57-119, 133-198. 1907. Revision der Bigot'schen und einiger MALLOCH, J. R. von Macquart beschriebenen ausser- 1913. Three new species of Anthomyidae europaischen Anthomyiden. Zeitschr. (Diptera) in the United States Na- f. Syst. Hymen. u. Dipt., pt. 3, pp. 209- tional Museum collection. Proc. U. S. 218; pt. 4, pp. 273-293. Natl. Mus., vol. 44, pp. 603-607. 1911. Die von Schnuse in Suldamerica ge- 1921a. Exotic Muscaridae I. Ann. Mag. Nat. fangen Anthomyiden. Arch. f. Natur- Hist., ser. 9, vol. 7, pp. 161-173. gesch., ser. A, vol. 77, pp. 61-189. 1921b. Exotic Muscaridae II. Ibid., ser. 9, 1918. Zur weitern Kenntnis aussereuropa- vol. 7, pp. 420-431. ischen Anthomyiden. Ann. Hist. Nat. 1934. Muscidae. In Diptera of Patagonia Mus. Natl. Hungarici, vol. 16, pp. 147- and South Chile. London, pt. 7, fasc. 2, 244. pp. 171-346. VAN DER WULP, F. M. SNYDER, F. M. 1896. Diptera: Muscinae, Anthomyidae, etc. 1941. Contributions to a revision of Neotrop- In Biologia Centrali-Americana. Lon- ical Mydaeini (Diptera, Muscidae). don, ser. C, vol. 2, pp. 300-347.