J. Product. & Dev., 15(2): 143– 150 (2010)
DESCRIPTION OF SOME LONG HORNED BEETLE SPECIES OF SUBFAMILY PRIONINAE AND LEPTURINAE (CERAMBYCIDAE) IN AL-JABLE AL-AKHDAR AREA, LIBYA.
Abdalla Mohamed Fadel Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Garyounis University, Libya. E-mail [email protected]
ABSTRACT Adults of long- horned beetles of both Subfamilies Prioninae and Lepturinae, farm cerambycidae were hand collected from variable hosts, including forest and fruit trees, from different ares in green mountine Eastern region of Libya. Result indicated the presence of two species of Prioninae: Macrotoma palmate Fabricius, 1792 of Rhesus serricollis Motschulsky, 1838 and one species of Subfamily Lepturinae: Stictoleptura cordigera Fuesslins, 1775. The three species were descriped. Keywords: Long horned beetles, Prioninae & Lepturinae (Cerambycidae), Al-jable Al-akhdar area, Libya.
INTRODUCTION
Long-horned beetles( Family Cerambycidae) considared as one of the largest and most important families in Order Coleoptera, either from number of species or the amount of damage it cause to the forest or fruit trees ( Hong et al., 2000; Sato, 2005; Hajek et al 2006, Eckehard et al., 2006; Monne et al., 2007). However this family consist many species which varies in size, from few to 160 mm, their body elongate or somewhat flattend. Cerambycid beetles found wherever forest planed. Therefore, it has been well documented in different parts of the world. Studies in last century decoumented many species and hosts as Trichoferus grisus, Hsperophanes sericeus on Ficus carica trees, Niphona picticornis on Punica gsanatum ( Boyd, 1917and Peyerimhoff ,1919). In Egypt many studies were conducted, in which10 species docomented, Macrotoma palmata, Xystrocera globosa, Hesperophanes griseus, Stromatium fulvum, Hylotrupes bajulus, Cartallum ebulinum, Chlorophorus varius and Tamarix articulate on different forest hosts (Petroff, 1919; Willcocks, 1924; Barbier, 1943; Villiers 1946 and Alfieri, 1976). In United Kingdom, Duffy (1952) made notice on the family characters and construct keys for subfamilies, genera and species. In United States, Linsley (1962) construct keys for subfamilies and tribes. In Africa keys for genera belonging to
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African Prioninae were made in addition to their distributions (Quentin& Villiers, 1978). In Libya few studies were conducted in which 35 species were found, 6 were first recorded (Sama et al, 2005). In damage asesstiment study in Japan, declared that broad leaf forest trees were more susceptable compared with thin leaf (Ohsawa, 2003). Since the amount of damage it can be made on a wide range of hostes by these beetles is very high, extensive survey and taxonomic studies must be made. The present study aimed to document species characters and host range in the most important forest and fruit trees area Eastren Libya.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The field survey conducted at different sites of the green mountain included Darna, El-beida, Shahat, Al-hania, Al-kofe and El-weseta, Libya. Samples were hand collected throughtout 2006 and 2007 from life and dead trees from different hostes including forests. Hosts were Cupressus sp. , Guniperus sp., Acacia sp., Pinus sp., Quercus sp., Eucalyptus sp., Pistacic sp., Ceratonia siligua, Populus alba, Arbutvs pavarii , fruit trees Prunus armeica, Prunus amygdals, Prunus sallcina, Prunus sp, Prunus prsica, Quslans regia, Punica gsanatum and Ficus carica. Vegetables and cereal fields were also inspected. Specimens were identified and confirmed in Department of Entomology Faculty of Science, University of Aien-Shams, Cairo, Egypt. Description of species made flowed Ball, 1973.
RESULTS Data showed the presence of two species belonging to subfamily Prioninae, Macrotoma palmate (Fabricius, 1792) of Rhesus serricollis (Motschlsky 1838) and one species of subfamily Lepturinae, Stictoleptura cordigera (Fuesslins 1775).
Macrotoma palmata Fabricius, 1792( Figure 1 )
Description Color. Dorsal and venteral dark brown or pale. Appendages: dark brown or pale. Head: Clypeus: anterior margin slightly concave, beset with dence almate. Epistomal suture: distinct, straight. Subgenal suture: distict, straight. Frontal fovae: small, deeply impressed, not prolonged toward eyes. Microsculpture: clypeus, frons, and vertex absent. Mentum: apex of lobes rounded; tooth distinct, shorter than lateral lobes. Antennae: dark brown or pale. Thorax. Pronotum: microsculpture absent, impunctate; lateral margins oval shape beset with spurs; anterior margin concave beset with row of hairs narrower than posterior margin; posterior margin straight; frontal angles
J. Product. & Dev., 15(2), 2010 145 rounded; hind angles acute; anterior marginal sulcus distinct, entire; median sulcus distinct, reaching anterior margin; raised lateral bead of prothorax well defined; basal impressions absent, four deeply impressed at the middle isodiametric, impunctate. Scutellum: microsculpture absent; apex rounded; basal angles rounded. Prosternum: microsculpture absent; punctuate; intercoxal process, impunctate. Proepisternum: microsculpture distinct; impunctuate. Proepimeron: microsculpture absent; impunctuate. Mesosternum: microsculpture absent; impunctate. Mesepisternum: microsculpture absent; impunctate. Mesepimeron: microsculpture absent, impunctate. Metasternum: microsculpture absent; impunctate, with dence pubescent especially in posterior one third. Metepisternum: microsculpture absent ; impunctate. Metepimeron: microsculpture distinct; punctuate. Legs: Dark brown or pale; femur large and rough; protibiae and metatibiae beast with spurs; articles of tarsi pubescent, article 1longer than 2,3. Elytra: Microsculpture distinct, isodiametric; humeri obtuse; stria deeply impressed, punctuate. Abdomen: Ventral: microsculpture absent; punctuate. Measurements of 5 specimens LH 3mm, WH 7mm, LP 8mm, WP 10mm, LE 10mm, TL 40.2mm Hostes: Acacia sp and Ficus carica Distribution: Gernada, Alweseta, Omalsfsaf, El-bieda, Libya as shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1. Macrotoma palmata
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Serricollis Rhesus Motschulsky, 1838 ( Figure 2)
Description Color: Dorsal and Venteral: dark brown. Appendages: dark brown. Head: Clypeus: anterior margin straight, beset with setigerous. Epistomal suture: distinct, straight. Subgenal suture: distinct, straight. Frontal fovae: small, deeply impressed, not prolonged toward eyes. Microsculpture: clypeus, frons, and vertex absent. Mentum: apex of lobes rounded; tooth distinct, shorter than lateral lobes. Antennae: dark brown or pale, in females shorter than males. Thorax: Pronotum: microsculpture absent, impuctate; lateral margins oval shape; anterior margin concave, beset with row of cilia, prothorax wide, hinde and frontal angles acute, median sulcus distinct; basal impressions, small, impuctate. Scutellum: microsculpture distinct; apex of lobes rounded; basal angles rounded. Prosternum: microsculpture absent, punctuate. Proepisternum: microsculpture distinct, punctuate. Proepimeron: microsculpture distinct, punctuate. Mesosternum: microsculpture distinct, impunctate. Mesepisternum: microsculpture distinct, almate. Mesepimeron: microsculpture absent, impunctate. Metasternum: microsculpture absent, beset with setigerous. Metaepisternum: microsculpture absent, almate. Metaepimeron: microsculpture absent, punctuate. Leges. Dark brown or pale; relatively slender, beset with spurs, tarsi article beset with golden short hairs. Elytra. Microsculpture distinct, punctuate; isodiametric; humeri obtuse; stria deeply impressed. Abdomen: Ventral: microsculpture absent, almate, segment 4 and 5 beset with setigerous. Measurements of 1 specimen: LH 2mm; WH 4mm; LP 6mm; WP 7mm; LE 23mm; WE 7mm; TL 31mm ( Figure 2) Hosts: Populus alba Distrbution: Ainstowa, Libya.
Figure 2. Rhesus serricollis
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Stictoleptura cordigera Fuesslins,1775 (Figure 3) Description Color: Dorsal: head and pronotum black, elytra light orange. Venteral: black. Appendages: black. Head: Clypeus anterior margin straight, beset with setigerous. Epistomal suture: distinct straight. Subgenal suture distinct. Frontal fovae: small, deeply impressed, not prolonged toward eyes. Microsculpture: clypeus, frons, and vertex absent. Mentum: apex of lobes pointed; tooth distinct. Antennae: metallic black, serreate, segment 3 equal 4 times segment 2. Thorax. Pronotum: microsculpture absent, almate, narrow ineriorly and wide postoriorly; interior margin rounded; posterior margin sinuate; anterior angle rounded; posterior angle acute; marginal and median sulcus indistinct; basal impression absent, impunctate. Scutellum: small, microsculpture absent; apex of lobes rounded; basal angle rounded. Prosternum: microsculpture absent, almate, beset with scattered setigerous. Proepisternum: microsculpture absent, impunctate. Proepimeron: microsculpture absent, impunctate. Mesosternum: microsculpture absent, punctuate, beset with setigerious. Mesepisternum: microsculpture, absent, impunctate. Mesepimeron: microsclpture absent, impunctate. Metasternum: microsculpture absent, impunctate, beset with setigerious. Metepisternum: microsculpture absent, impunctate. Metepimeron: microsculpture absent, impunctate. Legs. Black, hinde legs elongate; tibia with long apical spurt; tarsi article 1 double the 2 in linght. Elytra. Microsculpture absent, almate, color orange, with black round spots at the middle; stria indistinct; humeri obtuse, short in females. Abdomen. Ventral: microsculpture absent, punctuate, isodiametric, beset with golden hairs in rows. Measurements of 3 specimens: LH 1mm; WH 2mm; LP 2mm; WP 3mm; LA 13mm; WA 4mm; TL 16mm Figure 3 Hosts: Unknown Distribution: Ras Al-helal, Libya.
Figure 3. Stictoleptura cordigera
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Sub family: Prioninae Key to species: 1- Prothorax very wide, smooth laterally, with little spines; 3rd antennal segment about 6-7 mm; body not flatten ……Resus serricollis. 2 - Prothorax narrow, rough laterally, with numerous spines; 3rd antennal segment about 13mm; body cylinder……… Macrotoma palmata.
DISCUSSION The result of the current study was a part of major survey on species of Cerambycidae collected from different hosts including forest and fruit trees in Al-jabal Al-akhdar area, Libya, in which 19 species were present. Results were in accordance with many studies conducted in the adjacent countries, since these area had nearly the same environmental conditions and vegetation covers (Petroff, 1919; Willcocks, 1924; Barbier ,1943; Villiers, 1946, Alfieri, 1976 ). These species were reported in different parts of Libya, which indicate wide tolerance and host range (Sama and Martin, 2005). The morphological characters of these species were adapted to harsh conditions, since there bodies were elongate or cylendrical, mainly covered with spins, that in accordance with almost all taxonomic results in different parts of the world (Boyd, 1917; Peyerimhoff, 1919; Duffy, 1952; Linsley, 1962 and Quentin& Villiers, 1978). Taxonomic characters represented in this study was firstly documented. Further studies must be made concerning damage assessment, host preferences and life cycles.
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150 ABDALLA M. FADEL الوصف العلمى لبعض انواع من الخنافس ذات القرون الطويلة التابعة لكل من تحت فصيلة Prioninae و Lepturinae (Cerambycidae) فى منطقة الجبل االخضر ليبيا مقدم من عبد هللا محمد فضل جامعة قاريونس, كلية العلوم, قسم علم الحيوان
بالغاااان ااااع الااافا ال ااااان ان ال ااا الطفيلااا التابعااا لماااح ااااع ااا ن ااا ل , ( Cerambycidae) Subfamily Lepturinae Subfamily Prioninae جمع بال د اع على عفائح ا تلف شمل اشااا ااباان ناة ا ااع ااااتل ا تلفا ااع الاباااح ار شااا شااا ل ب اااا ا ا وااا الاتاااائ جاااف لااافع ع يتبعاااا ااا ن ااا ل Prioninae همااااا Rhesus Macrotoma palmate Fabricius,1792 serricollis Motschulsky, 1838 لااف ا ااد يتباا اا ن اا ل Subfamily Lepturinae هف (Stictoleptura cordigera (Fuesslins, 1775 ا م صا ها ارلفا با با ال فاعد العلم ا الملمان المفتا : ال اااااان ان ال اااا الطفيلاااا ,Cerambycidae) Lepturinae Prioninae ) ااط الابح ار ش , ل ب اا