Mega Manila Region Highway Network Intelligent Transport System (Its) Integration Project

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Mega Manila Region Highway Network Intelligent Transport System (Its) Integration Project REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS (DPWH) METROPOLITAN MANILA DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (MMDA) MEGA MANILA REGION HIGHWAY NETWORK INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEM (ITS) INTEGRATION PROJECT FINAL REPORT Annexes JULY 2013 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) CTI ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS CO., LTD EI METROPOLITAN EXPRESSWAY CO., LTD JR MITSUBISHI RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INC. 13-155 (3) Mega Manila Region Highway Network Intelligent Transport System (ITS) Integration Project FINAL REPORT ANNEXES TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ANNEX 1.1 ITS SEMINAR ...................................................................................................A1-1 ANNEX 4.1 BASIC LAWS RELATED TO ROAD TRANSPORT........................................A4-1 ANNEX 4.2 OVERALL DELINEATION OF AGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES .................A4-16 ANNEX 4.3 ROAD TRANSPORT-RELATED GOVERNMENT AGENCIES ...................A4-19 ANNEX 4.4 TOLL EXPRESSWAY CONCESSIONAIRES ................................................A4-70 ANNEX 4.5 ENFORCEMENT OF TRAFFIC AND TRANSORT-RELATED LAWS AND REGULATIONS .....................................................................................A4-81 ANNEX 6.1 ITS APPLICATIONS IN OTHER COUNTRIES...............................................A6-1 ANNEX 7.1 NON-TOLL ROAD USERS INTERVIEW RESULTS ......................................A7-1 ANNEX 7.2 TOLL ROAD USERS INTERVIEW RESULTS................................................A7-9 ANNEX 7.3 PUBLIC TRANSPORT USERS INTERVIEW RESULTS ..............................A7-20 ANNEX 7.4 KEY INFORMANTS INTERVIEW RESULTS...............................................A7-35 ANNEX 11.1 USER SUB-SERVICE......................................................................................A11-1 ANNEX 15.1 LIST OF INTERSECTIONS FOR TRAFFIC SIGNAL INSTALLATION ..............................................................................................A15-1 ANNEX 16.1 BICUTAN AND SUCAT TRAFFIC SURVEY ................................................A16-1 ANNEX 20.1 ETCS IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES..................................................................A20-1 ANNEX 20.2 INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS OF ETC AND FUTURE TREND OF ETC.............................................................................................................A20-7 ANNEX 20.3 EXAMPLES OF CLEARING CENTER HOUSE .........................................A20-14 Annex 1.1 ITS SEMINAR 1.1.1 1st Seminar (1) Objective Objectives of the 1st seminar is to explain the objective, scope, work, schedule, study procedure and methodology of the Study and to introduce the current status and future directions of ITS in the Philippines. (2) Seminar Program FIRST ITS SEMINAR PROGRAM 29 August 2012 Muralla 1, The Bayleaf, Muralla corner Victoria Streets, Intramuros, Manila 8:30 – 9:00 Registration 9:00 – 9:15 Opening Ceremony National Anthem and Invocation 9:15 – 9:30 Opening Remarks Asec. Ma. Catalina E. Cabral Planning & PPP Office, DPWH 9:30 – 9:45 Welcome Remarks Mr. Floro P. Adviento Program Manager JICA Philippine Office 9:45 – 10:00 Introduction of ITS Study Mr. Ryuichi Ueno Deputy Team Leader 10:00 – 10:05 Open Forum 10:05 – 10:35 The Concept of ITS: Improving Dr. Hussein S. Lidasan LOS of Transport Sytems JICA Study Member 10:35 – 10:40 Open Forum 10:40 – 11:10 Effectiveness of Intelligent Mr. Masaaki Goto Transport Systems (ITS) JICA Study Member Experiences in Japan A1-1 11:10 – 11:15 Open Forum 11:15 – 11:45 Traffic Control and Information Mr. Mitsuo Kiuchi Team Leader on behalf of Dr. Hiroshi Warita JICA Study Member 11:45 – 11:50 Open Forum *** LUNCH BREAK *** 13:00 – 13:30 Direction of ITS Application in Engr.Remedios G. Belleza DPWH Proj. Director, PMO-TEAM, DPWH 13:30 – 13:35 Open Forum 13:35 – 14:05 Traffic Control & Information Atty. Yves Randolph P. Gonzalez Provision System of MMDA Director III, OIC-TDO, MMDA Engr. Francisco R. Pesino Jr. A. Engr. V, TEC, MMDA 14:10 – 14:15 Open Forum 14:15 – 14:45 ITS Priorities in the Philippines Dr. Ricardo G. Sigua JICA Team Member 14:45 – 14:50 Open Forum 14:50 – 15:05 Closing Remarks Atty. Yves Randolph P. Gonzalez Director III, OIC-TDO, MMDA Master of Ceremony: Mr. Carmelino Jesus C. Tizon A1-2 (3) Attendance DPWH 19 MMDA 2 DOTC 1 NEDA 2 TRB 4 NCTS 1 O&M Company 18 Embassy of Japan 1 JICA Manila 3 JICA Study Team 10 Total 61 (4) Minutes Open forums were conducted after each presenter of the topics. The Comments (C), Question and Answer (Q & A) are as follows; 1. C, Q & A – Introduction of ITS Study 1.1 C: The Expressway’s ETC system are compatible with the North and South should both operators allows the interoperability. Tags of both the North and South Expressways are readable to both since they operate in the same frequencies. Technically speaking, the system of interoperability can be done within 24 hours. But of course, interoperability would depend on both political will and commercial will of the operators. 1.2 Q: How’s the interoperability of expressways in the North and in the South? A: Interoperability of expressways in the North and in the South is but a matter of operators’ willingness to interoperate or not. Operators will be invited for a meeting regarding interoperability. C: The San Miguel Corporation - Infrastructure are willing to interconnect with the North. In the South, expressways are already interoperable in their system (meaning only those expressways under the San Miguel Corporation). San Miguel Corporation has expressways both in the North and the South, so in a way, North and South expressways are interoperable. 1.3 C: The Land Transportation Office (LTO) being the enforcement agency, must be A1-3 included/involved in all the meetings/seminars of the Study. A: The LTO was involved in the conduct of the ITS Needs Survey and was invited in the seminar but unable to attend. 1.4 C: Please explain “Central Clearing House”. Who should maintain the central clearing house, private or government? A: If operators agree then the government should guide the interoperability of the expressways. 2. C, Q & A - The Concept of ITS: Improving LOS of Transport System 2.1 C: The Telephone Companies (TELCOs) should likewise be included in the study. While we could use taxis for collecting traffic information as probe, TELCOs could be used for traffic data collection because their cell sites are strategically located where it could cover the entire Metro Manila. A: The Study Team is looking at the inclusion of nomenclature and architecture of the ITS infrastructure. It was likewise included in the Needs Assessment Survey which was presented by Mr. Ueno to be among the interview questions. 3. C, Q & A – Effectiveness of ITS Experiences in Japan 3.1 C: The inter-linkage with the radio stations in terms of traffic information dissemination. Filipinos generally open their radios/TV upon waking up or radios while driving just to monitor traffic situation in the Metro Manila. So, the Study must consider including the inter-linkage with the Radio and TV Stations. 3.2 Q: Who installed the weigh-in motion facility (toll operators or government)? A: It is both the Government and the private companies who are in-charge of installing weigh-in motion facilities. The Private/Toll Operators installed weigh-in motion facility in the Expressways/Toll Roads, while the government installed weigh-in motion facility along National Roads. The installation of weigh-in motion facility is good because it does not include human intervention. Usually in the Philippines, despite the Anti-overloading campaign, overloaded trucks are accompanied with some escorts that made it very difficult for enforcers to apprehend. Thus, weigh-in motion facility installation will do well in the Philippines. A1-4 4. C, Q & A – Traffic Control and Information Provision in Tokyo Metropolitan Expressways 4.1 Q: What are the criteria for the selection of Pilot Projects? Does the Study include installation of ITS hardware? A: The Pilot Project maybe the adoption of ETC system. However, the Study does not include installation of any ITS hardware. Study only. 5. C, Q & A – Direction of ITS Application in DPWH No Questions Asked. 6. C, Q & A – Traffic Control and Information Provision System of MMDA 6.1 Q: How does MMDA collect traffic information? A: The collection of traffic information is manual and subjective, information are based on sent traffic reports by IP cameras, radio reports and user generated reports (volunteered traffic field reporters). 6.2 Q: How is the interpretation of traffic report? A: The interpretation is very subjective. However, MMDA is geared towards providing estimated travel time and re-routing that would give road users informed decisions. 6.3 C: The road traffic reporters are encouraged of using celphone while driving. It would then be in conflict with MMDA’s thrust of “No texting, while driving.” A: It is wise to assume that road traffic reporters are passengers and not drivers, thus it does not encourage using celphones while driving just so they could report traffic updates. There are “No Contact” technologies where a lone driver could easily keep track of the traffic information just by going to the MMDA’s website, clicked on the Metro Manila Traffic Navigator then put down the smart phone and be able to get traffic updates without holding again the smart phone. Don’t use your celphones while driving. 6.4 Q: Is it possible to see the intersection report in the Metro Manila Traffic Navigator? A: There is an intersection section in the Traffic Navigator
Recommended publications
  • ( Office of the President ( Official Directory ( Official Calendar (
    Skip to (CFAHShAociottoQcenmtte tp Meea(s/r: ncsia(n//tip/bi dnw(i/eldiinxtweyd.xp weI.nhpxsp..hgpt/prfhuao)pcqv/t)ic.oponnhst a)(/cint-duesx).php/accessibility#) MMDA Offices 2012 MMDA Memorandum Circular No. 08 (/index.php/19-legal-matters/mmda-memorandum- circulars/282-2012-mmda-memorandum-circular-no-08) Written by Super User Category: MMDA Memorandum Circulars (/index.php/19-legal-matters/mmda-memorandum-circulars) Published: 23 January 2014 Hits: 402 2012 MMDA Memorandum Circular No. 04-A (/index.php/19-legal-matters/mmda- memorandum-circulars/281-2012-mmda-memorandum-circular-no-04-a) Written by Super User Category: MMDA Memorandum Circulars (/index.php/19-legal-matters/mmda-memorandum-circulars) Published: 23 January 2014 Hits: 234 REPUBLIKA NG PILIPINAS TANGGAPAN NG PANGULO Pangasiwaan sa Pagpapaunlad ng Kalakhang Maynila (Metropolitan Manila Development Authority) MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR SERIES OF 2012 TO: ALL CONCERNED SUBJECT: PRESCRIBING ALTERNATE ROUTES FOR TRUCKS AFFECTED BY MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR NO. 4, S. 2012, "IMPLEMENTING A TEMPORARY MODIFIED TRUCK BAN IN METROPOLITAN MANILA ON MAY 2 to 5, 2012 FOR THE 45TH ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (ADB) BOARD OF GOVERNORS ANNUAL MEETING AND FOR THIS PURPOSE, TEMPORARILY MODIFYING MMDA RESOLUTION NO. 07-05, SERIES of 2007." DATE: April 30, 2012 1.0 INTRODUCTION: 1.1. On April 27, 2012 this Authority issued Memorandum Circular No. 4, Series of 2012 entitled: IMPLEMENTING A TEMPORARY MODIFIED TRUCK BAN IN METROPOLITAN MANILA ON MAY 2 to 5, 2012 FOR THE 45TH ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (ADB) BOARD OF GOVERNORS ANNUAL MEETING AND FOR THIS PURPOSE, TEMPORARILY MODIFYING MMDA RESOLUTION NO. 07-05, SERIES of 2007.
    [Show full text]
  • Traffic Solutions for Metro Manila: a Realistic Approach Traffic
    Traffic Solutions for Metro Manila: A Realistic Approach Traffic congestion and traffic discipline are perennial discussions at coffee shops and in meeting rooms throughout Metro Manila. It is an accepted fact that congestion hinders the free flow of goods and services, contributes significantly to pollution, and costs billions of pesos (billions!) in wasted fuel, time and productivity. Studies have been done, solutions proposed, and money spent for years, with little real improvement to show for the expense. Those tasked with managing the problem, from one administration to the next, have all clung persistently to the same mantra – that the answer lies in more roadways and the use of the latest high-tech gadgets. I would like to offer an alternative opinion: Traffic in Metro Manila is congested and chaotic because we allow it to be that way. 'We' in this case refers to both the road users and the road managers. We don't follow, or effectively enforce, the basic rules which are designed to ensure a safe, efficient flow of traffic. We don't respect lane markings (including turn lanes), we ignore traffic signs and signals, and we routinely drive in ways that are both dangerous and disruptive to the flow of traffic. Pedestrians cross wherever they want, and they stand in the roadway in large numbers while waiting for public transportation. Public buses and jeepneys operate aggressively and dangerously. Each of these behaviors, repeated at thousands of points across Metro Manila roadways every day, disrupt the free flow of traffic and cause the congestion and chaos that we have come to accept as normal.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of Impediments to Urban-Rural Connectivity in Cdi Cities
    ASSESSMENT OF IMPEDIMENTS TO URBAN-RURAL CONNECTIVITY IN CDI CITIES Strengthening Urban Resilience for Growth with Equity (SURGE) Project CONTRACT NO. AID-492-H-15-00001 JANUARY 27, 2017 This report is made possible by the support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents of this report are the sole responsibility of the International City/County Management Association (ICMA) and do not necessarily reflect the view of USAID or the United States Agency for International Development USAID Strengthening Urban Resilience for Growth with Equity (SURGE) Project Page i Pre-Feasibility Study for the Upgrading of the Tagbilaran City Slaughterhouse ASSESSMENT OF IMPEDIMENTS TO URBAN-RURAL CONNECTIVITY IN CDI CITIES Strengthening Urban Resilience for Growth with Equity (SURGE) Project CONTRACT NO. AID-492-H-15-00001 Program Title: USAID/SURGE Sponsoring USAID Office: USAID/Philippines Contract Number: AID-492-H-15-00001 Contractor: International City/County Management Association (ICMA) Date of Publication: January 27, 2017 USAID Strengthening Urban Resilience for Growth with Equity (SURGE) Project Page ii Assessment of Impediments to Urban-Rural Connectivity in CDI Cities Contents I. Executive Summary 1 II. Introduction 7 II. Methodology 9 A. Research Methods 9 B. Diagnostic Tool to Assess Urban-Rural Connectivity 9 III. City Assessments and Recommendations 14 A. Batangas City 14 B. Puerto Princesa City 26 C. Iloilo City 40 D. Tagbilaran City 50 E. Cagayan de Oro City 66 F. Zamboanga City 79 Tables Table 1. Schedule of Assessments Conducted in CDI Cities 9 Table 2. Cargo Throughput at the Batangas Seaport, in metric tons (2015 data) 15 Table 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Transportation History of the Philippines
    Transportation history of the Philippines This article describes the various forms of transportation in the Philippines. Despite the physical barriers that can hamper overall transport development in the country, the Philippines has found ways to create and integrate an extensive transportation system that connects the over 7,000 islands that surround the archipelago, and it has shown that through the Filipinos' ingenuity and creativity, they have created several transport forms that are unique to the country. Contents • 1 Land transportation o 1.1 Road System 1.1.1 Main highways 1.1.2 Expressways o 1.2 Mass Transit 1.2.1 Bus Companies 1.2.2 Within Metro Manila 1.2.3 Provincial 1.2.4 Jeepney 1.2.5 Railways 1.2.6 Other Forms of Mass Transit • 2 Water transportation o 2.1 Ports and harbors o 2.2 River ferries o 2.3 Shipping companies • 3 Air transportation o 3.1 International gateways o 3.2 Local airlines • 4 History o 4.1 1940s 4.1.1 Vehicles 4.1.2 Railways 4.1.3 Roads • 5 See also • 6 References • 7 External links Land transportation Road System The Philippines has 199,950 kilometers (124,249 miles) of roads, of which 39,590 kilometers (24,601 miles) are paved. As of 2004, the total length of the non-toll road network was reported to be 202,860 km, with the following breakdown according to type: • National roads - 15% • Provincial roads - 13% • City and municipal roads - 12% • Barangay (barrio) roads - 60% Road classification is based primarily on administrative responsibilities (with the exception of barangays), i.e., which level of government built and funded the roads.
    [Show full text]
  • 1. MAERSK LINE VS COURT of APPEALS FACTS: Maersk Line Is
    1. MAERSK LINE VS COURT OF APPEALS FACTS: Maersk Line is engaged in the transportation of goods by sea, doing business in the Philippines through its general agent Compania General de Tabacos de Filipinas. Private respondent Efren Castillo is the proprietor of Ethegal Laboratories, a firm engaged in the manufacture of pharmaceutical products. On November 12, 1976, private respondent ordered from Eli Lilly. Inc. of Puerto Rico through its agent in the Philippines, Elanco Products, 600,000 empty gelatin capsules for the manufacture of his pharmaceutical products. The capsules were placed in six (6) drums of 100,000 capsules each valued at US $1,668.71. The 600,000 empty gelatin capsules in six drums were already shipped on board MV "Anders Maerskline" for shipment to the Philippines via Oakland, California. Shipper Eli Lilly, Inc. specified the date of arrival to be April 3, 1977. Said cargo of capsules were mishipped and diverted to Richmond, Virginia, USA and then transported back Oakland, Califorilia. The goods finally arrived in the Philippines on June 10, 1977 or after two (2) months from the date specified in the memorandum. As a consequence, private respondent as consignee refused to take delivery of the goods on account of its failure to arrive on time. Private respondent alleging gross negligence and undue delay in the delivery of the goods, filed an action before the trial for rescission of contract with damages against petitioner and Eli Lilly, Inc. as defendants. Denying that it committed breach of contract, petitioner alleged in its that answer that the subject shipment was transported in accordance with the provisions of the covering bill of lading and that its liability under the law on transportation of good attaches only in case of loss, destruction or deterioration of the goods as provided for in Article 1734 of Civil Code.
    [Show full text]
  • Battling Congestion in Manila: the Edsa Problem
    Transport and Communications Bulletin for Asia and the Pacific No. 82, 2013 BATTLING CONGESTION IN MANILA: THE EDSA PROBLEM Yves Boquet ABSTRACT The urban density of Manila, the capital of the Philippines, is one the highest of the world and the rate of motorization far exceeds the street capacity to handle traffic. The setting of the city between Manila Bay to the West and Laguna de Bay to the South limits the opportunities to spread traffic from the south on many axes of circulation. Built in the 1940’s, the circumferential highway EDSA, named after historian Epifanio de los Santos, seems permanently clogged by traffic, even if the newer C-5 beltway tries to provide some relief. Among the causes of EDSA perennial difficulties, one of the major factors is the concentration of major shopping malls and business districts alongside its course. A second major problem is the high number of bus terminals, particularly in the Cubao area, which provide interregional service from the capital area but add to the volume of traffic. While authorities have banned jeepneys and trisikel from using most of EDSA, this has meant that there is a concentration of these vehicles on side streets, blocking the smooth exit of cars. The current paper explores some of the policy options which may be considered to tackle congestion on EDSA . INTRODUCTION Manila1 is one of the Asian megacities suffering from the many ills of excessive street traffic. In the last three decades, these cities have experienced an extraordinary increase in the number of vehicles plying their streets, while at the same time they have sprawled into adjacent areas forming vast megalopolises, with their skyline pushed upwards with the construction of many high-rises.
    [Show full text]
  • Dltb Bus Schedule to Bulan Sorsogon
    Dltb Bus Schedule To Bulan Sorsogon Antlike Sarge expostulate no levers dilutees latest after Baillie ranging doggone, quite weather-bound. Circumstantial and desmoid Skipp never impawn homologically when Charlton enchains his wallower. Frank disentomb his crambo tie-ins unflatteringly or unwholesomely after Jacob conglobing and overcropped mesially, unstaunchable and sartorial. Advertise with them directly to the place and dispose them to sorsogon bus schedule re boarding pass along west If premises are planning to carbon from Manila to Bicol taking the bus going to Bicol is the cheapest and most readily available option too you DLTB offers the best bus going to Bicol from Manila and vice-versa. MORE TRAVEL GUIDES BELOW! Rawis Laoang Northern Samar Sorsogon Sorsogon Maasin Southern Leyte Select Destination Search go More Routes Powered by PinoyTravel Inc. Nasha sajna da honda na po kalimutan mg mga bus from here on it is located on a jeepney terminal. Rizal while aboard a dltb co greyhound bus schedules are. Hi guys, Isarog and DLTB are all fully booked. If pain from Sorsogon City car a bus bound for Bulan and alight at Irosin. By commuters, though is key, NCR Giftly. Below we provide an importance of the bus schedules for policy route. From Wikipedia the free encyclopedia Del Monte Land Transport Bus Co Slogan Wherever you are. From Minalungao National Park in General Tinio, all in Camarines Norte. On a tight budget? Two types of dogs. Well theres cavite sa pamasahe ng van terminal lky metro bus or lrt dltb bus stations are. Philtranco Regular Aircon Bulan EDSA-Cubao Legazpi City 700 AM Php795.
    [Show full text]
  • An Ergonomic Study on the UP-Dilimanjeepney Driver’S Workspace and Driving Conditions
    Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Manufacturing 3 ( 2015 ) 2597 – 2604 6th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2015) and the Affiliated Conferences, AHFE 2015 An ergonomic study on the UP-Dilimanjeepney driver’s workspace and driving conditions Ma. Carmella Coz, Paul Jason Flores, Kim Louie Hernandez, Alyssa Jean Portus* College of Engineering, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines Abstract The Philippine Jeepney is one of the most popular, the most accessible and cheapest medium of public transportation in the country. During their driving period, an average of 10 hours a day, the Filipino jeepney drivers are exposed to sustained awkward postures. This research aims to evaluate the drivers’ workspace and driving conditions in relation to their anthropometric measurements and their workspace dimensions in order to determine the sources of awkward postures.A comprehensive survey among jeepney drivers inside the UP Diliman campus was conducted to identify the discomforts experienced by the drivers. In addition, a workspace evaluation in comparison with the drivers’ anthropometric measurement was also administered to seek out discrepancies that accounts for the discomforts felt. Results reveal that jeepney drivers’ working conditions pose danger to their health and safety. For instance, there is an insufficient distance between the steering wheel and driver’s seat causing restraint to the drivers’ mobility. The limited height of the windshield also blocks the driver’s line of sight keeping the drivers leaning forward when looking for traffic signs. Recommendations were made to improve the working conditions of the Filipino jeepney drivers. © 2015 PublishedThe Authors.
    [Show full text]
  • Railway Transport Planning and Implementation in Metropolitan Manila, 1879 to 2014
    Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, Vol.12, 2017 Railway Transport Planning and Implementation in Metropolitan Manila, 1879 to 2014 Jose Regin F. REGIDOR a, Dominic S. ALOC b a,b Institute of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, 1101, Philippines a E-mail: [email protected] b E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: This paper presents a history of rail-based transportation in Metropolitan Manila. This history focuses on urban transport including rail-based streetcars or trams that started operations in the 1880’s but were destroyed during the Second World War and never to be revived. Several plans are discussed. Among these plans are proposals for a monorail network, a heavy rail system, and the more current rail transit plans from recent studies like MMUTIS. An assessment of public transportation in Metro Manila is presented with emphasis on the counterfactual scenario of what could have been a very different metropolis if people could commute using an extensive rail transit system compared to what has been realized so far for the metropolis. Recommendations for the way forward for rail transportation in Metro Manila and further studies are stated in conclusion. Keywords: Transport Planning, Rail Transit, History 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Rail-based urban transport has had a relatively long history in Metro Manila despite what now seems to be a backlog of rail transportation in the capital city of the Philippines. In fact, the dominant mode of public transportation used to be rail-based with Manila and its adjoining areas served by a network of electric tranvias (i.e., streetcars) and heavy rail lines.
    [Show full text]
  • Working Paper Series Macroeconomic Policy and Financing for Development Division
    Working Paper Series Macroeconomic Policy and Financing for Development Division Contents Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 3 I. Decentralization in the Philippines ................................................................................. 3 A. The evolution of the Philippine local government institution ........................................ 4 B. Current structure of Philippine decentralization ............................................................ 6 II. Metropolitan Manila: introduction and profile ...................................................... 14 III. Fiscal Performance of Metro Manila local governments: revenues, expenditures, intergovernmental fiscal transfers and debt servicing ........ 17 IV. Governance in Metro Manila, National Capital Region ....................................... 23 V. Analysis of reform options ................................................................................................ 27 A. Jurisdictional fragmentation and metropolitan governance ........................................ 27 B. Debt financing ............................................................................................................... 29 C. Local government revenue mobilization and the ‘headquarters problem’ ................. 30 VI. Summary and ways forward ........................................................................................... 30 References ......................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Bus Paintings in Thailand: a Post-Modern Urban Art Form in Comparative Perspective Cohen, Erik
    www.ssoar.info Bus paintings in Thailand: a post-modern urban art form in comparative perspective Cohen, Erik Veröffentlichungsversion / Published Version Zeitschriftenartikel / journal article Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Cohen, E. (2013). Bus paintings in Thailand: a post-modern urban art form in comparative perspective. ASEAS - Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies, 6(2), 242-263. https://doi.org/10.4232/10.ASEAS-6.2-2 Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer CC BY-NC-ND Lizenz This document is made available under a CC BY-NC-ND Licence (Namensnennung-Nicht-kommerziell-Keine Bearbeitung) zur (Attribution-Non Comercial-NoDerivatives). For more Information Verfügung gestellt. Nähere Auskünfte zu den CC-Lizenzen finden see: Sie hier: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.de Diese Version ist zitierbar unter / This version is citable under: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-401520 ASEAS 6(2) Aktuelle Südostasienforschung / Current Research on South-East Asia Bus Paintings in Thailand: A Post-Modern Urban Art Form in Comparative Perspective Erik Cohen1 Citation Cohen, E. (2013). Bus paintings in Thailand: A post-modern urban art form in comparative perspective. ASEAS – Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies, 6(2), 242-263. Studies of paintings on motorized vehicles are rare. Existing studies indicate that such paintings play a role in national identity politics or serve as means of representation of an alternative national his- tory. This article deals with the origins and execution of airbrush paintings on charter tour coaches in Thailand, and with the sources and styles of the motifs represented on them.
    [Show full text]
  • Project Implementation Plan
    CHAPTER 5 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION PLAN The Supplementary Survey on North South Commuter Rail Project (Phase II-A) in the Republic of the Philippines FINAL REPORT CHAPTER 5 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION PLANNING 5.1 Examination of Preliminary Construction Plan The construction of NSCR will require careful planning and organization, given the magnitude of the works, time constraints and the location of the works on busy national and arterial roads within Metropolitan Manila and Bulacan Province. 5.1.1 Temporary Works 1) Temporary Access to Site It is necessary to apply countermeasures flooding during heavy rain season because of the low ground level between Malolos and Caloocan. There is no problem with an access road to the site along the main road in this area. However, it is necessary to consider to construct temporary access to site far from main roads. In swampy areas between Malolos and San Fernando along the PNR Route, it is necessary to construct a temporary steel stage for machinery or materials transportation during construction. It is necessary to install sheet piles to avoid an intrusion of ground water during construction of the substructure. 2) Sufficient Space for the Works There are some narrow ROW sections between Malolos and Caloocan along the PNR Route. During construction of elevated structures, it is necessary to have more than 15m width for access road to secure access of many trucks, truck mixers and other construction equipment transportation to the site. After construction, the temporary access shall be maintained more than 15m width as a service road for maintenance or emergency evacuation. Source: JICA Study Team Figure 5.1.1 Necessary ROW for Elevated Structures 5-1 5.1.2 Viaduct 5.1.2.1 Foundations Viaduct foundations comprise of conventional bored piles and pile caps.
    [Show full text]